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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ensaluti</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Pliaj agordoj" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personaj iloj" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personaj iloj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menuo de uzanto" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=eo.wikipedia.org&uselang=eo"><span>Donaci</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Krei_konton&returnto=Gladio" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi kreu uzantokonton kaj ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas deviga"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Krei konton</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Ensaluti&returnto=Gladio" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas devige. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ensaluti</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Paĝoj por elsalutitaj redaktistoj <a href="/wiki/Helpo:Enkonduko" aria-label="Lernu pli pri redaktado"><span>Lernu pli</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Miaj_kontribuoj" title="Listo de redaktoj faritaj el ĉi tiu IPa adreso [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribuoj</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Mia_diskutpa%C4%9Do" title="Diskuto pri redaktoj sub tiu ĉi IP adreso [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Retejo"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Enhavo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Enhavo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Komenco</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Literaturo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literaturo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Literaturo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literaturo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksteraj_ligiloj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksteraj_ligiloj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Eksteraj ligiloj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksteraj_ligiloj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Enhavo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Enhavtabelo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Gladio</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Iru al artikolo en alia lingvo. Havebla en 36 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%88" title="غلاديو — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غلاديو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qladio_%C9%99m%C9%99liyyat%C4%B1" title="Qladio əməliyyatı — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qladio əməliyyatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Операция Гладио — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Операция Гладио" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operaci%C3%B3_Gladio" title="Operació Gladio — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Operació Gladio" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio" title="Gladio — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gladio" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Gladio" title="Operation Gladio — dana" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Operation Gladio" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio" title="Gladio — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gladio" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Επιχείρηση Γκλάντιο — greka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επιχείρηση Γκλάντιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Gladio" title="Operation Gladio — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Operation Gladio" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operaci%C3%B3n_Gladio" title="Operación Gladio — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Operación Gladio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio" title="Gladio — estona" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gladio" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88" title="عملیات گلادیو — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عملیات گلادیو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operaatio_Gladio" title="Operaatio Gladio — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Operaatio Gladio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio" title="Gladio — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gladio" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio" title="Gladio — galega" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gladio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio_hadm%C5%B1velet" title="Gladio hadművelet — hungara" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gladio hadművelet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio-%C3%A1%C3%A6tlunin" title="Gladio-áætlunin — islanda" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gladio-áætlunin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operazione_Gladio" title="Operazione Gladio — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Operazione Gladio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AA%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%A6" title="グラディオ作戦 — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グラディオ作戦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio" title="Gladio — kurda" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gladio" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio" title="Gladio — luksemburga" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gladio" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operatie_Gladio" title="Operatie Gladio — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Operatie Gladio" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operasjon_Gladio" title="Operasjon Gladio — novnorvega" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Operasjon Gladio" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novnorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operasjon_Gladio" title="Operasjon Gladio — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Operasjon Gladio" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operacja_Gladio" title="Operacja Gladio — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Operacja Gladio" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Gladio" title="Operação Gladio — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Operação Gladio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera%C8%9Biunea_Gladio" title="Operațiunea Gladio — rumana" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Operațiunea Gladio" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%C2%AB%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%C2%BB" title="Операция «Гладио» — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Операция «Гладио»" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operacija_Gladio" title="Operacija Gladio — serbo-Kroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Operacija Gladio" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-Kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio" title="Gladio — slovaka" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gladio" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operacija_Gladio" title="Operacija Gladio — slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Operacija Gladio" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operacioni_%E2%80%9CGladio%E2%80%9D" title="Operacioni “Gladio” — albana" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Operacioni “Gladio”" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Операција Гладио — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Операција Гладио" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladio" title="Gladio — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gladio" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%C2%AB%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BE%C2%BB" title="Операція «Гладіо» — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Операція «Гладіо»" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E8%BF%AA%E5%A5%A5%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="格拉迪奥行动 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格拉迪奥行动" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q157678#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti ligilojn</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomspacoj"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Gladio" title="Vidi la artikolon [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikolo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuto:Gladio" rel="discussion" title="Diskuto pri la artikolo [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝanĝi lingvan varianton" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Esperanto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div 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class="kaplinio io">Gladio </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Gladio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="emblemo"><img alt="emblemo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/eo/8/8c/Gladio.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="388" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="386" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Italian_Military_Secret_Service_(SIFAR)_report_on_Operation_Gladio.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Italian_Military_Secret_Service_%28SIFAR%29_report_on_Operation_Gladio.pdf/page1-250px-Italian_Military_Secret_Service_%28SIFAR%29_report_on_Operation_Gladio.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="372" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Italian_Military_Secret_Service_%28SIFAR%29_report_on_Operation_Gladio.pdf/page1-375px-Italian_Military_Secret_Service_%28SIFAR%29_report_on_Operation_Gladio.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Italian_Military_Secret_Service_%28SIFAR%29_report_on_Operation_Gladio.pdf/page1-500px-Italian_Military_Secret_Service_%28SIFAR%29_report_on_Operation_Gladio.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="1139" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#87CEFA; color:#000000;" class="wikidata-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Operaco" title="Operaco">operaco</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ctata_terorismo" title="Ŝtata terorismo">ŝtata terorismo</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Specialcelaj_fortoj" title="Specialcelaj fortoj">specialcelaj fortoj</a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1850638" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1850638"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">stay-behind</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1850638?uselang=eo" title="Traduki"><img alt="Traduki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157678?uselang=eo#P31" title="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata"><img alt="Redakti la valoron en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></b> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width: 5.2em; text-align: left;">Komenco </th> <td class="wikidata-content">26-a de novembro 1956 <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157678#P571" class="extiw" title="d:Q157678">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width: 5.2em; text-align: left;">Fino </th> <td class="wikidata-content">1990 <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157678#P576" class="extiw" title="d:Q157678">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="width: 5.2em; text-align: left;">Sidejo </th> <td colspan="2" style="width: 14em;" class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/Romo" title="Romo">Romo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top"><b>Fondinto(j)</b> </td> <td colspan="2" style="width: 14em;" class="wikidata-content"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Segni" title="Antonio Segni">Antonio Segni</a> <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157678#P112" class="extiw" title="d:Q157678">vd</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:transparent;"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding: 0.2em; text-align:left; font-size: 100%; font-weight: 400;"><table class="infobox collapsible collapsed" width="100%" style="padding:0;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#87CEFA;"> <div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"> </div>Influita de</th></tr> <tr> <th> </th> <td class="wikidata-content">Special Operations Executive <sup><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157678#P737" class="extiw" title="d:Q157678">vd</a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table></th></tr> <tr><td class="shangu-shablonon infoboximage" colspan="3" style="text-align:center;padding:0 0.2em 0.2em 0.2em"><div class="noprint toccolours" style="border:2px solid #a2a9b1;padding:5px;background-color:#87CEFA;color:black;font-size:xx-small;font-weight:normal"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157678" title="d:Q157678"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/15px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/23px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Informkestoj" title="Vikipedio:Informkestoj"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/15px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/23px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Informkesto_organiza%C4%B5o" title="Ŝablono:Informkesto organizaĵo">v</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono-Diskuto:Informkesto_organiza%C4%B5o" title="Ŝablono-Diskuto:Informkesto organizaĵo">d</a> • <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono%3AInformkesto_organiza%C4%B5o&action=edit">r</a></span></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Gladio</b> (el la <a href="/wiki/Latina_lingvo" title="Latina lingvo">latina</a> vorto <i>gladius</i> = <a href="/wiki/Glavo" title="Glavo">glavo</a>) estis nomo de sekreta operacio de <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/CIA" title="CIA">CIA</a> dum la <a href="/wiki/Malvarma_milito" title="Malvarma milito">malvarma milito</a>. Oni trejnis precipe en <a href="/wiki/Italio" title="Italio">Italio</a>, sed ankaŭ en aliaj eŭropaj landoj <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dormanta_agento&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dormanta agento (paĝo ne ekzistas)">dormantajn agentojn</a>, kiuj okaze de komunista okupo de la lando fare de la <a href="/wiki/Varsovia_Kontrakto" class="mw-redirect" title="Varsovia Kontrakto">Varsovia Kontrakto</a> efektivigu <a href="/wiki/Gerilo" title="Gerilo">gerilooperaciojn</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/Sabotado" title="Sabotado">sabotadon</a>. </p><p>La celo de la ĉeloj estis malfortigi la maldekstrajn fortojn en paca tempo, tiel malebligante la komunistan enpotenciĝon. </p><p>En Londono aperis libro pri la afero en januaro de 2005, ĉe eldonejo Frank Cass: Dr. Daniel Ganser <i>NATO’s Secret Armies. Operation Gladio and Terrorism in Western Europe</i>. </p><p>La ekziston de la sekretaj armeoj konfesis unuafoje la tiama itala ĉefministro <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Andreotti" title="Giulio Andreotti">Giulio Andreotti</a> la 3-an de aŭgusto de 1990 antaŭ parlamenta esplora komisiono. Andreotti konfesis, ke oni kaŝis la sekretan armeon sub SISML, departemento de la itala armea sekretservo. </p><p>Samjare, la 7-an de novembro, usona generalo <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Galvin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Galvin (paĝo ne ekzistas)">John Galvin</a> parolis kun ĉeesto de ĉefsekretario <a href="/wiki/Manfred_W%C3%B6rner" title="Manfred Wörner">Manfred Wörner</a> antaŭ la ambasadoroj de la amikaj landoj. <i>"Konsidere, ke tio estas sekreta organizo, mi ne atendas multajn respondojn tiurilate"</i> - elparolis sennome tiama gvida NATO-diplomato, rimarkinte: <i>“Se ekzistis rilatoj al terorgrupoj, tiam oni kaŝas ĉiun informon tre profunde"</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literaturo">Literaturo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladio&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Literaturo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladio&action=edit&section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Literaturo"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Leo A. Müller, Werner Raith (eldonanto) <i>Gladio, das Erbe des Kalten Krieges. Der NATO- Geheimbund und seine deutschen Vorläufer.</i>, Rowohlt 1991, <a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/3499129930" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-499-12993-0</a></li> <li>Daniele Ganser : Natos Secret Armies: Operation Gladio and Terrorism in Western Europe, <a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/0714685003" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7146-8500-3</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksteraj_ligiloj">Eksteraj ligiloj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladio&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakti sekcion: Eksteraj ligiloj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gladio&action=edit&section=2" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Eksteraj ligiloj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"><li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Operation_Gladio?uselang=eo">Kategorio Gladio en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span> </li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.voltairenet.org/article2675.html">http://www.voltairenet.org/article2675.html</a><span title="Kelkfoje okazas, ke ligilo en Vikipedio ne plu atingeblas. Se eble, trovu la korektan ligilon kaj enmeti ĝin ĉi tie, alikaze forigu la ligilon kaj, se tio temas pri noto, enmetu la ŝablonon {{citon}}." style="background:#ffeaea; color:#444444"></span><sup class="noprint" title="Kelkfoje okazas, ke ligilo en Vikipedio ne plu atingeblas. Se eble, trovu la korektan ligilon kaj enmeti ĝin ĉi tie, alikaze forigu la ligilon kaj, se tio temas pri noto, enmetu la ŝablonon {{citon}}." style="color:red;">[<i>rompita ligilo</i>]</sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.cambridgeclarion.org/press_cuttings/vinciguerra.p2.etc_graun_5dec1990.html">http://www.cambridgeclarion.org/press_cuttings/vinciguerra.p2.etc_graun_5dec1990.html</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060308010709/http://www.isn.ethz.ch/php/documents/collection_gladio/Terrorism_Western_Europe.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20060308010709/http://www.isn.ethz.ch/php/documents/collection_gladio/Terrorism_Western_Europe.pdf</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.isn.ethz.ch/php/collections/coll_gladio.htm">http://www.isn.ethz.ch/php/collections/coll_gladio.htm</a> Dokumentaro pri Gladio</li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="clear:both; margin-top:0px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); 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