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class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Índice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Frederick Soddy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 73 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-73" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">73 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="فردريك سودي — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فردريك سودي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%89" title="فردريك سودى — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فردريك سودى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederik_Soddi" title="Frederik Soddi — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Frederik Soddi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="فردریک سودی — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فردریک سودی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Фрэдэрык Содзі — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Фрэдэрык Содзі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Фрэдэрык Содзі — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Фрэдэрык Содзі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Фредерик Соди — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Фредерик Соди" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF" title="ফ্রেডেরিক সডি — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফ্রেডেরিক সডি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA_%CE%A3%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%85" title="Φρέντερικ Σόντυ — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φρέντερικ Σόντυ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="فردریک سودی — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فردریک سودی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — irlandês" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — gaélico escocês" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélico escocês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — hacá" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hacá" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7_%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99" title="פרדריק סודי — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרדריק סודי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%A4%D5%A4%D5%AB" title="Ֆրեդերիկ Սոդդի — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրեդերիկ Սոդդի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC%E3%83%87%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BD%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3" title="フレデリック・ソディ — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フレデリック・ソディ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ფრედერიკ სოდი — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფრედერიკ სოდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%8D%94%EB%A6%AD_%EC%86%8C%EB%94%94" title="프레더릭 소디 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프레더릭 소디" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fridericus_Soddy" title="Fridericus Soddy — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fridericus Soddy" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederiks_Sodijs" title="Frederiks Sodijs — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Frederiks Sodijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Фредерик Соди — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Фредерик Соди" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80" title="फ्रेडरिक सॉडी — marata" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="फ्रेडरिक सॉडी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="فردریک سودی — mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فردریک سودی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — baixo-alemão" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo-alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%88%DB%8C" title="فریڈرک سوڈی — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فریڈرک سوڈی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — quíchua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quíchua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8,_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Содди, Фредерик — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Содди, Фредерик" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — albanês" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Фредерик Соди — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Фредерик Соди" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — suaíli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaíli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81_%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5" title="เฟรเดอริก ซอดดี — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เฟรเดอริก ซอดดี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Фредерик Содди — tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фредерик Содди" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D1%96" title="Фредерік Содді — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Фредерік Содді" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%88%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%DA%88%DB%8C" title="فریڈرک سوڈی — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فریڈرک سوڈی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — usbeque" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%B4%A2%E8%BF%AA" title="弗雷德里克·索迪 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="弗雷德里克·索迪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ფრედერიკ სოდი — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფრედერიკ სოდი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — ioruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ioruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%B4%A2%E8%BF%AA" title="弗雷德里克·索迪 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="弗雷德里克·索迪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" title="Frederick Soddy — min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Frederick Soddy" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%89%B9%E6%AD%B7%C2%B7%E7%B4%A2%E8%BF%AA" title="費特歷·索迪 — cantonês" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="費特歷·索迪" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q102830#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="width:270px; font-size:88%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:larger; background-color:transparent; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;"><span class="">Frederick Soddy</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Frederick_Soddy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Frederick_Soddy.jpg/220px-Frederick_Soddy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Frederick_Soddy.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a></span><br /><div style="padding-top:0.2em;"></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nascimento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/2_de_setembro#Nascimentos" title="2 de setembro">2 de setembro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1877" title="1877">1877</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Eastbourne" title="Eastbourne">Eastbourne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Morte </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/22_de_setembro" title="22 de setembro">22 de setembro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a> (79 anos)<br /><a href="/wiki/Brighton" title="Brighton">Brighton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nacionalidade </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Brit%C3%A2nico" class="mw-redirect" title="Britânico">britânico</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><i><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></i> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Universidade_Aberystwyth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universidade Aberystwyth (página não existe)">Universidade Aberystwyth</a></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Merton_College_(Oxford)" title="Merton College (Oxford)">Merton College (Oxford)</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Prêmios </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel de Química">Nobel de Química</a> (1921)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Orientador(es)(as) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Instituições </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Universidade_McGill" title="Universidade McGill">Universidade McGill</a> (1900—1903)</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Glasgow" title="Universidade de Glasgow">Universidade de Glasgow</a> (1904—1914)</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Aberdeen" title="Universidade de Aberdeen">Universidade de Aberdeen</a> (1914-1919)</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Oxford" title="Universidade de Oxford">Universidade de Oxford</a> (1919-1936)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Campo(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica_nuclear" title="Química nuclear">química nuclear</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Frederick Soddy</b> (<a href="/wiki/Eastbourne" title="Eastbourne">Eastbourne</a>, <a href="/wiki/2_de_setembro" title="2 de setembro">2 de setembro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1877" title="1877">1877</a> — <a href="/wiki/Brighton" title="Brighton">Brighton</a>, <a href="/wiki/22_de_setembro" title="22 de setembro">22 de setembro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a>) foi um <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmico" title="Químico">químico</a> <a href="/wiki/Ingleses" title="Ingleses">inglês</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Carreira_científica"><span id="Carreira_cient.C3.ADfica"></span>Carreira científica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Carreira científica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Carreira científica"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Em 1900, ele se tornou um demonstrador de química na <a href="/wiki/Universidade_McGill" title="Universidade McGill">Universidade McGill</a> em Montreal, Quebec, onde trabalhou com <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Ernest Rutherford</a> em radioatividade. Ele e Rutherford perceberam que o comportamento anômalo dos elementos radioativos era porque eles decaíam em outros elementos. Esse decaimento também produziu radiação alfa, beta e gama. Quando a radioatividade foi descoberta pela primeira vez, ninguém tinha certeza de qual era a causa. Foi necessário um trabalho cuidadoso de Soddy e Rutherford para provar que a transmutação atômica estava de fato ocorrendo.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em 1903, com Sir <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">William Ramsay</a> na <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a>, Soddy mostrou que o decaimento do rádio produzia gás hélio. No experimento, uma amostra de rádio foi colocada em um envelope de vidro de paredes finas localizado dentro de um bulbo de vidro evacuado. Depois de deixar o experimento em execução por um longo período de tempo, uma análise espectral do conteúdo do antigo espaço evacuado revelou a presença de hélio.  Mais tarde, em 1907, Rutherford e <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Royds" title="Thomas Royds">Thomas Royds</a> mostraram que o <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9lio" title="Hélio">hélio</a> foi formado pela primeira vez como núcleos de hélio carregados positivamente (He<sup>2+</sup>) que eram idênticos às partículas alfa, que podiam passar pela fina parede de vidro, mas estavam contidas no envelope de vidro circundante.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De 1904 a 1914, Soddy foi professor na <a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Glasgow" title="Universidade de Glasgow">Universidade de Glasgow</a>. Ruth Pirret trabalhou como sua assistente de pesquisa durante esse período. Em maio de 1910, Soddy foi eleito membro da <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a>.  Em 1914, ele foi nomeado para uma cadeira na Universidade de Aberdeen, onde trabalhou em pesquisas relacionadas à <a href="/wiki/Primeira_Guerra_Mundial" title="Primeira Guerra Mundial">Primeira Guerra Mundial</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em 1913, Soddy mostrou que um átomo se move para baixo em número atômico em duas casas na emissão alfa, mais alto em uma casa na emissão beta. Isso foi descoberto mais ou menos na mesma época por Kazimierz Fajans e é conhecido como a lei do deslocamento radioativo de Fajans e Soddy, um passo fundamental para a compreensão das relações entre as famílias de elementos radioativos. Em 1913, Soddy também descreveu o fenômeno em que um elemento radioativo pode ter mais de uma massa atômica, embora as propriedades químicas sejam idênticas. Ele chamou esse conceito de isótopo que significa "mesmo lugar". A palavra foi inicialmente sugerida a ele por Margaret Todd. Mais tarde, <a href="/wiki/J._J._Thomson" class="mw-redirect" title="J. J. Thomson">J. J. Thomson</a> mostrou que elementos não radioativos também podem ter vários isótopos.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>O trabalho que Soddy e sua assistente de pesquisa Ada Hitchins fizeram em <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a> e <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a> mostrou que o urânio decai em rádio.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Soddy publicou <i>A Interpretação do Rádio</i> (1909) e <i>Transmutação Atômica</i> (1953). Em 1918, trabalhando com o cientista escocês John Arnold Cranston, ele anunciou a descoberta de um isótopo do elemento mais tarde chamado de protactínio. Isso é ligeiramente posterior à sua descoberta pelos alemães <a href="/wiki/Lise_Meitner" title="Lise Meitner">Lise Meitner</a> e <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a>; no entanto, diz-se que sua descoberta foi realmente feita em 1915, mas seu anúncio foi adiado devido às anotações de Cranston serem trancadas enquanto estavam em serviço ativo na <a href="/wiki/Primeira_Guerra_Mundial" title="Primeira Guerra Mundial">Primeira Guerra Mundial</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em 1919, mudou-se para a <a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Oxford" title="Universidade de Oxford">Universidade de Oxford</a> como o primeiro professor de química do Dr. Lee, onde, no período até 1936, reorganizou os laboratórios e o programa de química. Ele recebeu o Prêmio Nobel de Química de 1921 por sua pesquisa em decaimento radioativo e, particularmente, por sua formulação da teoria dos isótopos.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economia">Economia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Economia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Economia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Em quatro livros escritos de 1921 a 1934, Soddy realizou uma "campanha para uma reestruturação radical das relações monetárias globais",<sup id="cite_ref-zencey_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zencey-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> oferecendo uma perspectiva da economia enraizada na física - as leis da termodinâmica, em particular - e foi "totalmente rejeitado como uma manivela".<sup id="cite_ref-zencey_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zencey-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> Enquanto a maioria de suas propostas - "abandonar o padrão ouro, deixar as taxas de câmbio internacionais flutuarem, usar superávits e déficits federais como ferramentas de política macroeconômica que poderiam contrariar tendências cíclicas e estabelecer escritórios de estatísticas econômicas (incluindo um índice de preços ao consumidor) para facilitar esse esforço "- agora são práticas convencionais, sua crítica ao sistema bancário de reservas fracionárias ainda" permanece fora dos limites da sabedoria convencional", embora um artigo recente do <a href="/wiki/FMI" class="mw-redirect" title="FMI">FMI</a> tenha revigorado suas propostas.<sup id="cite_ref-zencey_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zencey-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> Soddy escreveu. que as dívidas financeiras cresceram exponencialmente com juros compostos, mas a economia real se baseava em estoques exauríveis de combustíveis fósseis. A energia obtida a partir dos combustíveis fósseis não poderia ser usada novamente. Essa crítica ao crescimento econômico é ecoada por seus herdeiros intelectuais no campo agora emergente de economia ecológica.<sup id="cite_ref-zencey_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zencey-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Palgrave_Dictionary_of_Economics" class="mw-redirect" title="The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics">The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics</a></i>, um influente texto de referência em economia, reconheceu Soddy como um "reformador" por seus trabalhos sobre reformas monetárias.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visões_políticas"><span id="Vis.C3.B5es_pol.C3.ADticas"></span>Visões políticas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Visões políticas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Visões políticas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Em <i>Wealth, Virtual Wealth and Debt,</i> Soddy citou os <i>Protocolos dos Sábios de Sião</i>, que foram amplamente divulgados por <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford" title="Henry Ford">Henry Ford</a> nos Estados Unidos, como evidência de que a crença em uma "conspiração financeira para escravizar o mundo" era generalizada na época.  Ele escreveu ainda que "conspiração consciente ou não <abbr>...</abbr> um sistema monetário corrupto atinge a própria vida da nação".  Mais tarde na vida, ele publicou um panfleto <i>Abolir o dinheiro privado, ou afogar-se em dívidas</i> (1939).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p> A influência de sua escrita pode ser avaliada, por exemplo, nesta citação de <a href="/wiki/Ezra_Pound" title="Ezra Pound">Ezra Pound</a>:</p><blockquote><p>O professor Frederick Soddy afirma que o sistema monetário padrão-ouro destruiu uma era científica! ... Os banqueiros do mundo ... não se contentaram em tomar sua parte na produção de riqueza moderna - por maior que tenha sido - mas se recusaram a permitir que as massas da humanidade recebessem a sua. </p></blockquote><p>Embora alguns ativistas tenham acusado Soddy de antissemitismo, a maioria de seus biógrafos contesta essa narrativa e argumenta que entre os amigos e alunos de Soddy havia alguns judeus que tinham opiniões positivas sobre ele.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span>[</span>21<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teorema_de_Descartes">Teorema de Descartes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Teorema de Descartes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Teorema de Descartes"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ele redescobriu o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorema_de_Descartes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teorema de Descartes (página não existe)">teorema de Descartes</a> em 1936 e o publicou como um poema, "The Kiss Precise", em Problem of Apollonius. Os círculos de beijo neste problema são às vezes conhecidos como <b>círculos de Soddy</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honras_e_prêmios"><span id="Honras_e_pr.C3.AAmios"></span>Honras e prêmios</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar secção: Honras e prêmios" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Honras e prêmios"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ele recebeu o <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%AAmio_Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Prêmio Nobel de Química">Prêmio Nobel de Química</a> em 1921 e no mesmo ano foi eleito membro do Comitê Internacional de Pesos Atômicos. Uma pequena cratera no lado oculto da Lua, bem como o mineral de urânio radioativo soddyite, são nomeados em sua homenagem. O autor <a href="/wiki/H._G._Wells" title="H. G. Wells">H. G. Wells</a> dedicou seu romance <i>The World Set Free</i> à <i>Interpretação do Rádio</i> de Soddy (1909).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span>[</span>23<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publicações"><span id="Publica.C3.A7.C3.B5es"></span>Publicações</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar secção: Publicações" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Publicações"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Radioactivity</i> (1904)</li> <li><i><a href="//archive.org/details/interpretationof00sodd" class="extiw" title="iarchive:interpretationof00sodd">The Interpretation of Radium</a></i> (1909)</li> <li><i>Matter and Energy</i> (1911), <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160130160821/http://makiaea.org/075.html">second edition</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i>The Chemistry of the Radio-elements</i> (1915)</li> <li><i>Science and life: Aberdeen addresses</i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://habitat.aq.upm.es/boletin/n37/afsod.en.html">Cartesian Economics: The Bearing of Physical Science upon State Stewardship</a></i> (1921)</li> <li><i>Science and Life Wealth, Virtual Wealth, and Debt Money versus Man etc</i> (1921)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1921/soddy-lecture.pdf">Nobel Lecture – The origins of the conception of isotopes</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i>Wealth, Virtual Wealth and Debt. The solution of the economic paradox</i> (George Allen & Unwin, 1926)</li> <li><i>The wrecking of a scientific age</i> (1927)</li> <li><i>The Interpretation of the Atom</i> (1932)</li> <li><i>Money versus Man</i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="//archive.org/details/roleofmoney032861mbp" class="extiw" title="iarchive:roleofmoney032861mbp">The Role of Money</a></i> (London: George Routledge & Sons Ltd, 1934) at Internet Archive.org, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160130160821/http://makiaea.org/075.html">second edition</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i>Money as nothing for something ; The gold "standard" snare</i> (1935)</li> <li><i>Abolish Private Money, or Drown in Debt</i> (1939)</li> <li><i>Present outlook, a warning : debasement of the currency, deflation and unemployment</i> (1944)</li> <li><i>The Story of Atomic Energy</i> (1949)</li> <li><i>Atomic Transmutation</i> (1953)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referências"><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar secção: Referências" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Referências"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Trenn, Thaddeus J.; Stuewer, Roger H. (1 de setembro de 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.aip.org/aapt/ajp/article-abstract/46/9/960/1041096/The-Self-Splitting-Atom-The-History-of-the?redirectedFrom=fulltext">«<i>The</i> <i>Self</i>-<i>Splitting</i> <i>Atom</i>: <i>The</i> <i>History</i> <i>of</i> <i>the</i> <i>Rutherford</i>-<i>Soddy</i> <i>Collaboration</i>»</a>. <i>American Journal of Physics</i> (9): 960–960. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0002-9505">0002-9505</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1119%2F1.11543">10.1119/1.11543</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=%3Ci%3EThe%3C%2Fi%3E%88%3Ci%3ESelf%3C%2Fi%3E-%3Ci%3ESplitting%3C%2Fi%3E%88%3Ci%3EAtom%3C%2Fi%3E%3A+%3Ci%3EThe%3C%2Fi%3E%88%3Ci%3EHistory%3C%2Fi%3E%88%3Ci%3Eof%3C%2Fi%3E%88%3Ci%3Ethe%3C%2Fi%3E%88%3Ci%3ERutherford%3C%2Fi%3E-%3Ci%3ESoddy%3C%2Fi%3E%88%3Ci%3ECollaboration%3C%2Fi%3E&rft.au=Stuewer%2C+Roger+H.&rft.aufirst=Thaddeus+J.&rft.aulast=Trenn&rft.date=1978-09-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0002-9505&rft.issue=9&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Physics&rft.pages=960-960&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.aip.org%2Faapt%2Fajp%2Farticle-abstract%2F46%2F9%2F960%2F1041096%2FThe-Self-Splitting-Atom-The-History-of-the%3FredirectedFrom%3Dfulltext&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1119%2F1.11543&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1921/soddy/biographical/">«The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1921»</a>. <i>NobelPrize.org</i> (em inglês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Chemistry+1921&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fchemistry%2F1921%2Fsoddy%2Fbiographical%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/royds.html">«Rutherford & Royds»</a>. <i>web.lemoyne.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=Rutherford+%26+Royds&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.lemoyne.edu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.lemoyne.edu%2F~giunta%2Froyds.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspl.1903.0040">«Experiments in radioactivity, and the production of helium from radium»</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London</i> (em inglês) (477-486): 204–207. 31 de janeiro de 1904. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0370-1662">0370-1662</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frspl.1903.0040">10.1098/rspl.1903.0040</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=Experiments+in+radioactivity%2C+and+the+production+of+helium+from+radium&rft.date=1904-01-31&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0370-1662&rft.issue=477-486&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London&rft.pages=204-207&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froyalsocietypublishing.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1098%2Frspl.1903.0040&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspl.1903.0040&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Fleck, Alexander (novembro de 1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbm.1957.0014">«Frederick Soddy, 1877-1956»</a>. <i>Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society</i> (em inglês): 203–216. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0080-4606">0080-4606</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1957.0014">10.1098/rsbm.1957.0014</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=Frederick+Soddy%2C+1877-1956&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.aulast=Fleck&rft.date=1957-11&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0080-4606&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Memoirs+of+Fellows+of+the+Royal+Society&rft.pages=203-216&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froyalsocietypublishing.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1098%2Frsbm.1957.0014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frsbm.1957.0014&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Pirret, Ruth; Soddy, Frederick (maio de 1911). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14786440508637078">«LXXVII. The ratio between uranium and radium in minerals . II»</a>. <i>The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science</i> (em inglês) (125): 652–658. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1941-5982">1941-5982</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F14786440508637078">10.1080/14786440508637078</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=LXXVII.+The+ratio+between+uranium+and+radium+in+minerals+.+II&rft.au=Soddy%2C+Frederick&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft.aulast=Pirret&rft.date=1911-05&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1941-5982&rft.issue=125&rft.jtitle=The+London%2C+Edinburgh%2C+and+Dublin+Philosophical+Magazine+and+Journal+of+Science&rft.pages=652-658&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F14786440508637078&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14786440508637078&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Britton, Kate (agosto de 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/abs/stable-relationship-isotopes-and-bioarchaeology-are-in-it-for-the-long-haul/4EF9D9B756516509C59CE52C086BFF64">«A stable relationship: isotopes and bioarchaeology are in it for the long haul»</a>. <i>Antiquity</i> (em inglês) (358): 853–864. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0003-598X">0003-598X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.15184%2Faqy.2017.98">10.15184/aqy.2017.98</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=A+stable+relationship%3A+isotopes+and+bioarchaeology+are+in+it+for+the+long+haul&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft.aulast=Britton&rft.date=2017-08&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0003-598X&rft.issue=358&rft.jtitle=Antiquity&rft.pages=853-864&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fantiquity%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fstable-relationship-isotopes-and-bioarchaeology-are-in-it-for-the-long-haul%2F4EF9D9B756516509C59CE52C086BFF64&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15184%2Faqy.2017.98&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Soddy, Frederick (dezembro de 1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/092399c0">«Intra-atomic Charge»</a>. <i>Nature</i> (em inglês) (2301): 399–400. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F092399c0">10.1038/092399c0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=Intra-atomic+Charge&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.aulast=Soddy&rft.date=1913-12&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft.issue=2301&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=399-400&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2F092399c0&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F092399c0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Britton, Kate (agosto de 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/abs/stable-relationship-isotopes-and-bioarchaeology-are-in-it-for-the-long-haul/4EF9D9B756516509C59CE52C086BFF64">«A stable relationship: isotopes and bioarchaeology are in it for the long haul»</a>. <i>Antiquity</i> (em inglês) (358): 853–864. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0003-598X">0003-598X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.15184%2Faqy.2017.98">10.15184/aqy.2017.98</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=A+stable+relationship%3A+isotopes+and+bioarchaeology+are+in+it+for+the+long+haul&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft.aulast=Britton&rft.date=2017-08&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0003-598X&rft.issue=358&rft.jtitle=Antiquity&rft.pages=853-864&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fantiquity%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fstable-relationship-isotopes-and-bioarchaeology-are-in-it-for-the-long-haul%2F4EF9D9B756516509C59CE52C086BFF64&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.15184%2Faqy.2017.98&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Soddy, Frederick; Hitchins, Ada F.R. (agosto de 1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14786440808635387">«XVII. The relation between uranium and radium .—Part VI. The life-period of ionium»</a>. <i>The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science</i> (em inglês) (176): 209–219. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1941-5982">1941-5982</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F14786440808635387">10.1080/14786440808635387</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=XVII.+The+relation+between+uranium+and+radium+.%94Part+VI.+The+life-period+of+ionium&rft.au=Hitchins%2C+Ada+F.R.&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.aulast=Soddy&rft.date=1915-08&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1941-5982&rft.issue=176&rft.jtitle=The+London%2C+Edinburgh%2C+and+Dublin+Philosophical+Magazine+and+Journal+of+Science&rft.pages=209-219&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F14786440808635387&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14786440808635387&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Soddy, Frederick (fevereiro de 1917). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/098469a0">«The Atomic Weight of "Thorium" Lead»</a>. <i>Nature</i> (em inglês) (2468): 469–469. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F098469a0">10.1038/098469a0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=The+Atomic+Weight+of+%9CThorium%9D+Lead&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.aulast=Soddy&rft.date=1917-02&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft.issue=2468&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=469-469&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2F098469a0&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F098469a0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspa.1918.0025">«The parent of actinium»</a>. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character</i> (em inglês) (662): 384–404. Junho de 1918. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0950-1207">0950-1207</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frspa.1918.0025">10.1098/rspa.1918.0025</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=The+parent+of+actinium&rft.date=1918-06&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0950-1207&rft.issue=662&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+of+London.+Series+A%2C+Containing+Papers+of+a+Mathematical+and+Physical+Character&rft.pages=384-404&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froyalsocietypublishing.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1098%2Frspa.1918.0025&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frspa.1918.0025&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200311015550/http://www.universitystory.gla.ac.uk/biography/?id=WH3023&type=P">«University of Glasgow :: Story :: Biography of John Arnold Cranston»</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 11 de março de 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=University+of+Glasgow+%3A%3A+Story+%3A%3A+Biography+of+John+Arnold+Cranston&rft.date=2020-03-11&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20200311015550%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.universitystory.gla.ac.uk%2Fbiography%2F%3Fid%3DWH3023%26type%3DP&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zencey-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-zencey_14-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-zencey_14-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-zencey_14-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-zencey_14-3">d</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Zencey, Eric (12 de abril de 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/12/opinion/12zencey.html?_r=1&ref=opinion">«Mr. Soddy's Ecological Economy»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Opinion)</span>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de dezembro de 2017</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=Mr.+Soddy%27s+Ecological+Economy&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.aulast=Zencey&rft.date=2009-04-12&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F04%2F12%2Fopinion%2F12zencey.html%3F_r%3D1%26ref%3Dopinion&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Beneš, Jaromír; Kumhof, Michael (agosto de 2012). «The Chicago Plan Revisited». <a href="/wiki/Social_Science_Research_Network" title="Social Science Research Network">SSRN</a> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//ssrn.com/abstract=2169748">2169748</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Acessível livremente"><img alt="Acessível livremente" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=The+Chicago+Plan+Revisited&rft.au=Kumhof%2C+Michael&rft.aufirst=Jarom%C3r&rft.aulast=Bene%C5%A1&rft.date=2012-08&rft.genre=article&rft_id=%2F%2Fssrn.com%2Fabstract%3D2169748&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Macmillan Publishers Ltd, ed. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5"><i>The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics</i></a> (em inglês). London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-1-349-95188-8" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-1-349-95188-8">978-1-349-95188-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1057%2F978-1-349-95189-5">10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.btitle=The+New+Palgrave+Dictionary+of+Economics&rft.date=2018&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-349-95188-8&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan+UK&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1057%2F978-1-349-95189-5&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F978-1-349-95189-5&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ridley, Matt (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ublcaqIgPiIC&pg=PA6"><i>Francis Crick: Discoverer of the Genetic Code</i></a>. [S.l.]: Harper Collins. p. 6. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9780062200662" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/9780062200662">9780062200662</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft.aulast=Ridley&rft.btitle=Francis+Crick%3A+Discoverer+of+the+Genetic+Code&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780062200662&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DublcaqIgPiIC%26pg%3DPA6&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFSoddy1933">Soddy 1933</a>, Chapter XIV: <i>International Relations</i>. § <i>The Real Conspiracy</i>.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSoddy1933" class="citation book">Soddy, Frederick (1961). <i>Wealth, Virtual Wealth and Debt: The Solution of the Economic Paradox</i>. [S.l.]: Omni Publications. Chapter XIV: <i>International Relations</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft.aulast=Soddy&rft.btitle=Wealth%2C+Virtual+Wealth+and+Debt%3A+The+Solution+of+the+Economic+Paradox&rft.date=1961&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=Chapter+XIV%3A+%27%27International+Relations%27%27&rft.pub=Omni+Publications&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> § <i>Is there a Financial Conspiracy?</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">George B. Kauffman (1986). Frederick Soddy (1877–1956): Early Pioneer in Radiochemistry (Chemists and Chemistry). Dordrecht; Boston; Hingham: D. Reidel Pub. Co. p. 272. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9789027719263" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-90-277-1926-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Considine, Glenn D., ed. (14 de outubro de 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9780471743989"><i>Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia</i></a> (em inglês) 1 ed. [S.l.]: Wiley</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.btitle=Van+Nostrand%27s+Scientific+Encyclopedia&rft.date=2005-10-14&rft.edition=1&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Wiley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2Fbook%2F10.1002%2F9780471743989&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Weisstein, Eric W. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/ApolloniusProblem.html">«Apollonius' Problem»</a>. <i>mathworld.wolfram.com</i> (em inglês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=Apollonius%27+Problem&rft.aufirst=Eric+W.&rft.aulast=Weisstein&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mathworld.wolfram.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathworld.wolfram.com%2FApolloniusProblem.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webmineral.com/data/Soddyite.shtml">«Soddyite Mineral Data»</a>. <i>webmineral.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=Soddyite+Mineral+Data&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=webmineral.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebmineral.com%2Fdata%2FSoddyite.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vqronline.org/summer-1989/hg-wells-and-scientific-imagination">«H.G. Wells and the Scientific Imagination | VQR»</a>. <i>www.vqronline.org</i> (em inglês)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de setembro de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.atitle=H.G.+Wells+and+the+Scientific+Imagination+%7C+VQR&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.vqronline.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vqronline.org%2Fsummer-1989%2Fhg-wells-and-scientific-imagination&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69325977">@media(max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .mobile-stack{width:100%!important;float:none!important;margin:10px auto!important;text-align:center!important;box-sizing:border-box!important}.mw-parser-output .mobile-stack .image-container{float:none!important;display:inline-block;padding-bottom:10px}.mw-parser-output .mobile-stack .text-container{margin-left:0!important}}</style><div class="noprint mobile-stack" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 0; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div class="image-container" style="float: left; vertical-align:middle; margin: 0 10px 0 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="text-container" style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="/wiki/Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote">Wikiquote</a> tem citações relacionadas a <i><b><a href="https://pt.wikiquote.org/wiki/Frederick_Soddy" class="extiw" title="q:Frederick Soddy">Frederick Soddy</a></b></i>.</div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/179">Frederick Soddy</a> em Nobelprize.org</li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1921/index.html">«Perfil no sítio oficial do Nobel de Química 1921»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.btitle=Perfil+no+s%C3tio+oficial+do+Nobel+de+Qu%C3mica+1921&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fchemistry%2Flaureates%2F1921%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/roleofmoney032861mbp">«The Role Of Money by Soddy,Frederick. 1934.»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AFrederick+Soddy&rft.btitle=The+Role+Of+Money+by+Soddy%2CFrederick.+1934.&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Froleofmoney032861mbp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <p>  </p><table class="toccolours" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin:0 auto; font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Precedido por<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Walther_Hermann_Nernst" class="mw-redirect" title="Walther Hermann Nernst">Walther Hermann Nernst</a></b></td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> <b><a href="/wiki/Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel de Química">Nobel de Química</a></b><br />1921</td> <td style="padding: 4px; border:1px solid gray; width: 30%;"> Sucedido por<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Francis_William_Aston" title="Francis William Aston">Francis William Aston</a></b></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r69328899">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:0 auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nobel_de_Química._Laureados_(1901_—_1925)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica_(1901_%E2%80%94_1925)" title="Predefinição:Nobel de Química (1901 — 1925)"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; 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Laureados (1901 — 1925)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1901: <a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Henricus_van_%27t_Hoff" title="Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff">Hoff</a></li> <li>1902: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Emil_Fischer" title="Hermann Emil Fischer">E.Fischer</a></li> <li>1903: <a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Arrhenius</a></li> <li>1904: <a href="/wiki/William_Ramsay" title="William Ramsay">Ramsay</a></li> <li>1905: <a href="/wiki/Adolf_von_Baeyer" title="Adolf von Baeyer">Baeyer</a></li> <li>1906: <a href="/wiki/Henri_Moissan" title="Henri Moissan">Moissan</a></li> <li>1907: <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Buchner" title="Eduard Buchner">Buchner</a></li> <li>1908: <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Rutherford" title="Ernest Rutherford">Rutherford</a></li> <li>1909: <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Ostwald" title="Wilhelm Ostwald">Ostwald</a></li> <li>1910: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Wallach" title="Otto Wallach">Wallach</a></li> <li>1911: <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Curie</a></li> <li>1912: <a href="/wiki/Victor_Grignard" title="Victor Grignard">Grignard</a> e <a href="/wiki/Paul_Sabatier" title="Paul Sabatier">Sabatier</a></li> <li>1913: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Werner" title="Alfred Werner">Werner</a></li> <li>1914: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_William_Richards" title="Theodore William Richards">Richards</a></li> <li>1915: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Martin_Willst%C3%A4tter" title="Richard Martin Willstätter">Willstätter</a></li> <li>1918: <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Haber</a></li> <li>1920: <a href="/wiki/Walther_Hermann_Nernst" class="mw-redirect" title="Walther Hermann Nernst">Nernst</a></li> <li>1921: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Soddy</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/Francis_William_Aston" title="Francis William Aston">Aston</a></li> <li>1923: <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pregl" title="Fritz Pregl">Pregl</a></li> <li>1925: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Adolf_Zsigmondy" title="Richard Adolf Zsigmondy">Zsigmondy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica" title="Predefinição:Nobel de Química">Lista Completa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica_(1926_%E2%80%94_1950)" title="Predefinição:Nobel de Química (1926 — 1950)">Laureados (1926—1950)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica_(1951_%E2%80%94_1975)" title="Predefinição:Nobel de Química (1951 — 1975)">Laureados (1951—1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica_(1976_%E2%80%94_2000)" title="Predefinição:Nobel de Química (1976 — 2000)">Laureados (1976—2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Nobel_de_Qu%C3%ADmica_(2001_%E2%80%94_2025)" title="Predefinição:Nobel de Química (2001 — 2025)">Laureados (2001—2024)</a><i></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul class="noprint navigation-box" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-right: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; border-left: solid silver 1px; padding:3px; background-color: #F9F9F9; text-align: center; margin-top:10px; margin-left: 0; clear: both;"><li style="display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap; margin: auto 1.5em"><span style="margin-right: 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Wikipedia-pt-hist-cien-logo.png" title="Portal da história da ciência"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wikipedia-pt-hist-cien-logo.png/25px-Wikipedia-pt-hist-cien-logo.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wikipedia-pt-hist-cien-logo.png/38px-Wikipedia-pt-hist-cien-logo.png 1.5x, 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style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102830" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q102830">Q102830</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/5014335">WorldCat</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Base_Virtual_Internacional_de_Autoridade" title="Base Virtual Internacional de Autoridade">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/5014335">5014335</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Bibsys" title="Bibsys">BIBSYS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90711498">90711498</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Biblioteca Nacional da França">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12390505x">12390505x</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclop%C3%A9dia_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Grande Enciclopédia Soviética">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a 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href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Frederick-Soddy">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Faceted_Application_of_Subject_Terminology" title="Faceted Application of Subject Terminology">FAST</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.worldcat.org/fast/17822">17822</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119339765">119339765</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/263995914">263995914</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Istituto_centrale_per_il_catalogo_unico_delle_biblioteche_italiane_e_per_le_informazioni_bibliografiche" title="Istituto centrale per il catalogo unico delle biblioteche italiane e per le informazioni bibliografiche">ICCU</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/risultati-autori/-/opac-autori/detail/MILV120325?core=autoriall">MILV120325</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000120988026">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_de_controle_da_Biblioteca_do_Congresso" title="Número de controle da Biblioteca do Congresso">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50053268">n50053268</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/8453c746-0ffc-4e35-8ad8-093ed65dacde">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munzinger-Archiv" class="extiw" title="de:Munzinger-Archiv">Munzinger</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=00000004949">00000004949</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Austr%C3%A1lia" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Austrália">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librariesaustralia.nla.gov.au/search/display?dbid=auth&id=35511238">35511238</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Notable_Names_Database" class="mw-redirect" title="Notable Names Database">NNDB</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nndb.com/people/286/000099986/">000099986</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery" title="National Portrait Gallery">NPG</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp76539">mp76539</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Real_dos_Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Biblioteca Real dos Países Baixos">NTA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070124116">070124116</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUKAT" class="extiw" title="pl:NUKAT">NUKAT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=1207&url_prefix=http://nukat.edu.pl/aut/&id=n00055097">n00055097</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">ODNB</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/36182">36182</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Scopus_(base_de_dados_bibliogr%C3%A1fica)" title="Scopus (base de dados bibliográfica)">Scopus</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=24771407300">24771407300</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNAC" class="extiw" title="en:SNAC">SNAC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w65b00nb">w65b00nb</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Universit%C3%A1rio_de_Documenta%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Sistema Universitário de Documentação">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/032991495">032991495</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclop%C3%A9dia_Treccani" title="Enciclopédia Treccani">Treccani</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/sir-frederick-soddy">sir-frederick-soddy</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/WikiTree" title="WikiTree">WikiTree</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Soddy-1">Soddy-1</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">OL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL166105A?mode=all">OL166105A</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Israel" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Israel">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&local_base=nlx10&doc_number=000412373">000412373</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pontif%C3%ADcia_Universidade_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A1s_de_Aquino" title="Pontifícia Universidade São Tomás de Aquino">Angelicum</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pust.urbe.it/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?marc=1&authid=26722">26722</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalliope-Verbund" class="extiw" title="de:Kalliope-Verbund">Kalliope-Verbund</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kalliope-verbund.info/gnd/119339765">119339765</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Austr%C3%A1lia" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Austrália">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/979616">979616</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Pol%C3%B3nia" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Polónia">NLP</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/a0000001181748">a0000001181748</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56557486" class="extiw" title="d:Q56557486">Catálogo SHARE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.share-cat.unina.it/sharecat/searchNames?n_cluster_id=1891">1891</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Eslov%C3%A1quia" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Eslováquia">SNK</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://autority.snk.sk/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?marc=1&authid=148905">148905</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Universidade_Pontif%C3%ADcia_de_Salamanca" title="Universidade Pontifícia de Salamanca">UPSA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://koha.upsa.es/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?marc=1&authid=1454330">1454330</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&oldid=68567710">https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Soddy&oldid=68567710</a>"</div></div> <div 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