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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ننوتل</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="شخصي اوزار" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">شخصي اوزار</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ps.wikipedia.org&uselang=ps"><span>مرسته وکړئ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%93%D9%88%D9%84&returnto=%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" title="تاسې ته د يو گڼون د جوړولو او بيا غونډال کې ورننوتلو سپارښتنه کېږي؛ که څه هم چې دا يو اړين کار نه دی"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>گڼون جوړول</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D9%86%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84&returnto=%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" title="تاسې ته په غونډال کې د ننوتلو سپارښتنه کوو، که څه هم چې دا يو اړين کار نه دی. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ننوتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%DA%89%DB%90" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ونډې</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>خبرې 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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">هڅوب</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ليکنه په بله ژبه کي وګورئ. دا ليکنه په ۲۰۲ ژبو کې شتون لري." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-202" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۲۰۲ ژبې</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultuur" title="Kultuur – افریکانسي" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kultuur" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="افریکانسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur – سویس جرمن" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kultur" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="سویس جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A3%E1%88%95%E1%88%8D" title="ባሕል – امهاري" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ባሕል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="امهاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – اراگونېسي" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="اراگونېسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9" title="ثقافة – عربي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ثقافة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%AA%DC%95%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܡܪܕܘܬܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܪܕܘܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%87" title="ثقافه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ثقافه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="সংস্কৃতি – اسامي" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সংস্কৃতি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="اسامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – استورياني" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="استورياني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Маданият – اواري" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Маданият" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="اواري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yati" title="Yati – ایماري" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Yati" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="ایماري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99d%C9%99niyy%C9%99t" title="Mədəniyyət – اذربایجاني" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mədəniyyət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="اذربایجاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مدنیت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مدنیت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D2%99%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B8%D3%99%D1%82" title="Мәҙәниәт – باشکير" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мәҙәниәт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="باشکير" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budaya" title="Budaya – بالنی" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Budaya" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="بالنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuitua" title="Kuitua – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kuitua" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolt%C5%ABra" title="Koltūra – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Koltūra" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Культура – بېلاروسي" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Культура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بېلاروسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Культура – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Культура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Култура – بلغاري" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Култура" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="संस्कृति – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="संस्कृति" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%91%E1%80%AC%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%82%8F%E1%80%84%E1%80%B2%E1%80%B8" title="ထာꩻယေန်ႏငဲး – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ထာꩻယေန်ႏငဲး" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="সংস্কৃতি – بنگالي" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সংস্কৃতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="རིག་གནས། – تبتي" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རིག་གནས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="تبتي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="সংস্কৃতি – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সংস্কৃতি" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sevenadur" title="Sevenadur – برېتون" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sevenadur" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="برېتون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – بوسني" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%91%D0%BB" title="Соёл – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Соёл" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – کټلاني" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کټلاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%99ng-hu%C3%A1" title="Ùng-huá – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ùng-huá" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – سیبوانوي" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="سیبوانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuttura" title="Kuttura – چمورو" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Kuttura" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="چمورو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%84%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%9B%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%81%E1%8E%B2" title="ᏄᏍᏛᎠᏁᎲ – چېروکي" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏄᏍᏛᎠᏁᎲ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="چېروکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="چاند – منځنۍ کوردي" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چاند" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="منځنۍ کوردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medeniyet" title="Medeniyet – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Medeniyet" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – چېکي" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چېکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B9ltura" title="Kùltura – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kùltura" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Культура – چوواشي" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Культура" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="چوواشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwylliant" title="Diwylliant – ويلشي" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Diwylliant" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ويلشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur – ډنمارکي" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kultur" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ډنمارکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaya_ni_taada" title="Kaya ni taada – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Kaya ni taada" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur – الماني" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kultur" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="الماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zagon" title="Zagon – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zagon" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%A6%DE%8E%DE%A7%DE%8A%DE%A6%DE%8C%DE%AA" title="ސަގާފަތު – ديویهی" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސަގާފަތު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="ديویهی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Κουλτούρα – یوناني" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κουλτούρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یوناني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult%C3%B9ra" title="Cultùra – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Cultùra" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture" title="Culture – انګليسي" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Culture" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انګليسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulturo" title="Kulturo – اسپرانتو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kulturo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="اسپرانتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – هسپانوي" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="هسپانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultuur" title="Kultuur – حبشي" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kultuur" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="حبشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – باسکي" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coltura" title="Coltura – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Coltura" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF" title="فرهنگ – فارسي" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرهنگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulttuuri" title="Kulttuuri – فینلنډي" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kulttuuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultuur" title="Kultuur – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kultuur" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture" title="Culture – فرانسوي" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Culture" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultuur" title="Kultuur – شمالي فریسیان" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kultuur" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="شمالي فریسیان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture" title="Culture – فرائیلیین" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Culture" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="فرائیلیین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultuer" title="Kultuer – لوېديځ فريشي" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kultuer" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="لوېديځ فريشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult%C3%BAr" title="Cultúr – ائيرلېنډي" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cultúr" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ائيرلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiltir" title="Kiltir – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kiltir" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultar" title="Cultar – سکاټلېنډي ګېلک" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cultar" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="سکاټلېنډي ګېلک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – ګلېشيايي" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ګلېشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arandupy" title="Arandupy – ګوراني" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Arandupy" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="ګوراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultoor" title="Cultoor – مینکس" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Cultoor" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="مینکس" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%27ada" title="Al'ada – هوسا" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Al'ada" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="هوسا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B9n-fa" title="Vùn-fa – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Vùn-fa" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%CA%BBomeheu" title="Moʻomeheu – هوایی" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Moʻomeheu" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="هوایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA" title="תרבות – عبراني" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תרבות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="संस्कृति – هندي" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संस्कृति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="هندي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskriti" title="Sanskriti – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Sanskriti" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – کروايشيايي" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="کروايشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilti" title="Kilti – هيټي کريول" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kilti" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="هيټي کريول" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kult%C3%BAra" title="Kultúra – هنګري" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kultúra" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="هنګري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D5%A9" title="Մշակույթ – آرمينيايي" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մշակույթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="آرمينيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – انټرلنګوا" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="انټرلنګوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budaya" title="Budaya – انډونېزي" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Budaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انډونېزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – آسا نا جبة" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="آسا نا جبة" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture" title="Culture – اګبو" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Culture" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="اګبو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – الوکو" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="الوکو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Культура – انگش" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Культура" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="انگش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulturo" title="Kulturo – اڊو" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kulturo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="اڊو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menning" title="Menning – ايسلنډي" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Menning" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ايسلنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – ایټالوي" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ایټالوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化 – جاپاني" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="文化" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolcha" title="Kolcha – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kolcha" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/kulnu" title="kulnu – لوجبان" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="kulnu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="لوجبان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budaya" title="Budaya – جاوايي" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Budaya" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="جاوايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="კულტურა – جورجيائي" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კულტურა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="جورجيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yidles" title="Yidles – کیبیل" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Yidles" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="کیبیل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Мәдениет – قازق" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мәдениет" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="قازق" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulturi" title="Kulturi – کالالیست" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Kulturi" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="کالالیست" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%8C" title="វប្បធម៌ – خمر" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វប្បធម៌" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="خمر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%83%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF" title="ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ – کناډا" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="کناډا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B8%ED%99%94" title="문화 – کوریایی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="문화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Культура – کراچی بالکر" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Культура" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="کراچی بالکر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8E%D9%86%D9%9B%D8%B3" title="سَنٛس – کشمیري" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="سَنٛس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="کشمیري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87and" title="Çand – کردي" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Çand" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="کردي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonisogeth" title="Gonisogeth – کورنيشي" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gonisogeth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="کورنيشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Маданият – کرغيزي" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Маданият" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="کرغيزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="ټاکلې ليکنې"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – لاتیني" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاتیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – لاډینو" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="لاډینو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur – لوګزامبورګي" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kultur" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="لوګزامبورګي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultur" title="Cultur – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cultur" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebyobuwangwa_(Culture)" title="Ebyobuwangwa (Culture) – ګانده" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Ebyobuwangwa (Culture)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ګانده" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultuur" title="Cultuur – لمبرگیانی" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Cultuur" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="لمبرگیانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – لومبارډ" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="لومبارډ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B3" title="ວັດທະນະທຳ – لاو" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ວັດທະນະທຳ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="لاو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kult%C5%ABra" title="Kultūra – ليتواني" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kultūra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ليتواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kult%C5%ABra" title="Kultūra – لېټواني" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kultūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لېټواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B8%84u%E1%B8%8D%C3%A2j%C3%A2" title="Ḅuḍâjâ – مدراسی" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Ḅuḍâjâ" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="مدراسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budaya" title="Budaya – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Budaya" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolontsaina" title="Kolontsaina – ملغاسي" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kolontsaina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ملغاسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%B1%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тӱвыра – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Тӱвыра" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budayo" title="Budayo – مينيگاباو" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Budayo" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="مينيگاباو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Култура – مقدوني" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Култура" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="مقدوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="സംസ്കാരം – مالايالم" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സംസ്കാരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مالايالم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%91%D0%BB" title="Соёл – منګولیایی" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Соёл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="منګولیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="संस्कृती – مراټهي" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="संस्कृती" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="مراټهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budaya" title="Budaya – ملایا" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Budaya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ملایا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – مالټايي" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="مالټايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – مرانديز" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="مرانديز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%89%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AF" title="ယဉ်ကျေးမှု – برمایی" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယဉ်ကျေးမှု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="برمایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Культуранть мазычись – ارزيا" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Культуранть мазычись" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ارزيا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A8" title="دب – مزاندراني" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="دب" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="مزاندراني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – نيپالين" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="نيپالين" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur – کښته آلماني" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kultur" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="کښته آلماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultuur" title="Kultuur – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kultuur" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="संस्कृति – نېپالي" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="संस्कृति" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="نېپالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF" title="तजिलजि – نيواري" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="तजिलजि" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="نيواري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultuur" title="Cultuur – هالېنډي" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cultuur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="هالېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur – ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kultur" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (نائنورسک)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur – ناروېئي (بوکمال)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kultur" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ناروېئي (بوکمال)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulture" title="Kulture – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Kulture" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – اوکسيټاني" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="اوکسيټاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kul%27tuuru" title="Kul'tuuru – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kul'tuuru" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%C3%A6" title="Культурæ – اوسيټک" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Культурæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="اوسيټک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ – پنجابي" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="پنجابي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – پاپيامينتو" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="پاپيامينتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Kultur" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – پولنډي" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="ثقافت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ثقافت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – پورتګالي" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورتګالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawsay_saphi" title="Kawsay saphi – کېچوا" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kawsay saphi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="کېچوا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultur%C4%83" title="Cultură – رومانیایی" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cultură" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومانیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Культура – روسي" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Культура" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Култура – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Култура" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Култуура – سخا" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Култуура" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="سخا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – سیلیسي" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سیلیسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultur" title="Cultur – سکاټس" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Cultur" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="سکاټس" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="ثقافت – سندهي" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ثقافت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="سندهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – سرب-کروشيايي" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سرب-کروشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%98%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="සංස්කෘතිය – سينهالي" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සංස්කෘතිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="سينهالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture" title="Culture – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Culture" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kult%C3%BAra_(spolo%C4%8Densk%C3%A9_vedy)" title="Kultúra (spoločenské vedy) – سلوواکي" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kultúra (spoločenské vedy)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلوواکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="ثقافت – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ثقافت" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – سلوواني" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلوواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulttuur" title="Kulttuur – اناري سميع" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kulttuur" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="اناري سميع" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsika" title="Tsika – شونا" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Tsika" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="شونا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaqan" title="Dhaqan – سومالي" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dhaqan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="سومالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – الباني" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="الباني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Култура – سربيائي" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Култура" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhlonipho" title="Inhlonipho – سواتی" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Inhlonipho" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="سواتی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultuur" title="Kultuur – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kultuur" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budaya" title="Budaya – سوډاني" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Budaya" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="سوډاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultur" title="Kultur – سویډنی" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kultur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویډنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utamaduni" title="Utamaduni – سواهېلي" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Utamaduni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سواهېلي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/lalangawan" title="lalangawan – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="lalangawan" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="பண்பாடு – تامل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பண்பாடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF" title="సంస్కృతి – تېليګو" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సంస్కృతి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="تېليګو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3" title="Фарҳанг – تاجکي" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фарҳанг" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="تاجکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1" title="วัฒนธรรม – تايلېنډي" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วัฒนธรรม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تايلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr" title="Kültür – ترکمني" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Kültür" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="ترکمني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99d%C9%99nij%C9%99t" title="Mədənijət – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Mədənijət" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr" title="Kültür – ترکي" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kültür" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndzhavuko" title="Ndzhavuko – سونګا" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ndzhavuko" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="سونګا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Мәдәният – تاتار" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мәдәният" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتار" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amamer%C9%9B" title="Amamerɛ – توی" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Amamerɛ" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="توی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%DB%88%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%88%D8%B1" title="كۈلتۈر – اويغوري" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="كۈلتۈر" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="اويغوري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Культура – اوکرايني" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Культура" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="اوکرايني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="ثقافت – اردو" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ثقافت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="اردو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madaniyat" title="Madaniyat – اوزبکي" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Madaniyat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="اوزبکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultura" title="Cultura – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Cultura" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kul%27tur" title="Kul'tur – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kul'tur" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%83n_h%C3%B3a" title="Văn hóa – وېتنامي" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Văn hóa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="وېتنامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuliv" title="Kuliv – والاپوک" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kuliv" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="والاپوک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuzance" title="Tuzance – والون" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tuzance" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="والون" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura – وارۍ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kultura" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="وارۍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化 – وو چینایی" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="文化" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="وو چینایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="კულტურა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კულტურა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8" title="קולטור – يديش" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קולטור" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="يديش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80%E1%B9%A3%C3%A0" title="Àṣà – یوروبا" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àṣà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="یوروبا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vwnzva" title="Vwnzva – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vwnzva" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultuur" title="Cultuur – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Cultuur" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化 – چیني" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="文化" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="文化" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BBn-h%C3%B2a" title="Bûn-hòa – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bûn-hòa" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="文化 – کانټوني" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="文化" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="کانټوني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11042#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="د ژبو خپلمنځي تړنې سمول" class="wbc-editpage">تړنې سمول</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> چاپول/صادرول </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8"><span>يو کتاب جوړول</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8&action=show-download-screen"><span>د PDF په بڼه ښکته کول</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8&printable=yes" title="د دې مخ چاپي بڼه [p]" accesskey="p"><span>چاپي بڼه</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> په نورو پروژو کې </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ښکارېدونکې بڼه</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">پټول</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">د ويکيپېډيا، 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">انسان پېژندنه</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87:Portale_Leonardo_da_Vinci.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Portale_Leonardo_da_Vinci.png/100px-Portale_Leonardo_da_Vinci.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Portale_Leonardo_da_Vinci.png/150px-Portale_Leonardo_da_Vinci.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Portale_Leonardo_da_Vinci.png/200px-Portale_Leonardo_da_Vinci.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1590" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.15em 0.2em 0.2em;"> اړيکې</th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="لرغونپوهنه">لرغونپوهنه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="د بیولوژي له پلوه انسان پېژندنه">د بیولوژي له پلوه انسان پېژندنه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="کلتوري انسان پوهنه">کلتوري انسان پوهنه</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%DB%90_%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AE%DB%90_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د ژبپوهنې له مخې انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ژبپوهنه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="ټولنيزه انسان پېژندنه">ټولنيز</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.15em 0.2em 0.2em;"> د <a href="/wiki/%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="ټولنيزه انسان پېژندنه">ټولنيز</a> او <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="کلتوري انسان پوهنه">کلتوري</a> انسان پېژندنې څنګزن سرليکونه</th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="تطبيقي انسان پېژندنه">تطبيقي</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="هنري انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">هنري</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ادراکي انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ادراکي</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="پراختيايي انسان پېژندنه">پراختيايي</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%89%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%BC%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ډيجيټل انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ډيجيټل</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="چاپېريالي انسان پېژندنه">چاپېريالي</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="اقتصادي انسان پېژندنه">اقتصادي</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سياسي اقتصاد او انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">سياسي اقتصاد</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%BC%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="فيمينيسټي انسان پېژندننه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"> فیمینیسټ</a></li> <li>جنسيت او جنسي لېوالتيا</li> <li>تاريخي</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="خپلوي (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">خپلوي</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="قانوني انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">قانوني</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="رسنيزه انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">رسنيزه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="طبي انسان پوهنه">طبي</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ملي موسيقي (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ملي موسيقي</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="سياسي انسان پوهنه">سياسي</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="رواني انسان پوهنه">رواني</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="عمومي انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">عمومي</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="ديني انسان پوهنه">دیني</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="انتقالي انسان پوهنه">انتقالي</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%9A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ښاري انسان پوهنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ښاري</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="بصري انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">بصري</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.15em 0.2em 0.2em;"> د <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="لرغونپوهنه">لرغونپوهنې</a> او<br /><a href="/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="چاپېريالي انسان پېژندنه">چاپېريالي انسان پېژندنې</a> څنګزن سرليکونه</th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="انساني حيوان پوهنه">انساني حيوان پوهنه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%8A_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="بيولوژيکي کلتوري انسان پېژندنه">بايوکلتورل</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="چاپېريالي لرغونپوهنه">چاپېريالي لرغونپوهنه</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%BC_%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="فيمينيسټ لرغونپوهنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"> فیمینیسټ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="جنايي انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">جنایي</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سمندري لرغونپوهنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"> سمندري</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%86%DB%90_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="لرغونې انسانپوهنه">لرغونې انسانپوهنه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%D9%8A" title="پريماتولوژي">پريماتولوژي</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.15em 0.2em 0.2em;"> څېړنيزه تګلار</th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="انتروپوميټري">وګړ شمېرنه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87_(%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85)" title="توکمپالنه (ټولنيزعلم)">توکم پالنه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%85%DA%A9%DA%9A%D9%86%D9%87" title="توکمکښنه">توکمکښنه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="توکمپوهنه">توکمپوهنه</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%AB%DA%89%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د ګډون پرمهال مشاهده (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">د ګډون پرمهال مشاهده</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ټولپوهنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ټولپوهنه</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%BA%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AB%D9%88%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="غبرګون (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">غبرګون</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="کلتوري نسبت 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title="کلتوري اند (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">کلتوري اند</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ميم (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ميم</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%BC_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="فيمينيسټ انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">فیمینیزم</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ساختماني فعالیت (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ساختماني فعالیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سمبوليکه انسان پېژندنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">تشریح کوونکی</a></li> <li><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%90_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87_%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د انسان پېژندنې سيستميزه نظريه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">سيستميزه نظريه</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.15em 0.2em 0.2em;"> اړينې منځپانګې</th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">هڅوب</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87" title="ټولنه">ټولنه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%DA%85%D8%AE%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="د تاریخ څخه پخوا دوران">مخکې له تاريخ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84" title="تکامل">تکامل</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="خپلوي (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">خپلوي</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="جندر">جندر</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%DA%98%D8%A7%D8%AF_(%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%DA%89%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A)" title="نژاد (انساني ډل بندي)">نژاد</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%85%DA%89%D9%84%D9%87" title="توکمډله">توکمډله</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="پرمختیایي انسان پېژندنه">پراختيا</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="استعمار">استعمار</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%BC_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_(%D8%AA%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%87)" title="پوسټ استعمار (تر استعمار وروسته)"> د استعمار وروسته</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B2%DA%9A%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%90_%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د ارزښت انسان پېژندنې له انده (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ارزښت</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;padding:0.15em 0.2em 0.2em;"> اړوند ليکنې</th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%90_%D8%AA%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="انسان پېژندنې ته عمومي کتنه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">عمومي کتنه</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%90_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="انسان پېژندنې تاريخ (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">تاریخ</a></li></ul> <div style="padding-top:0.4em;"><div style="font-style:italic;">لړليکونه</div><div style=""> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_anthropology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of anthropology (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%90_%D8%A7%DA%93%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%AE%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%86%D9%88%D9%85%D9%84%DA%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="انسان پېژندنې اړوند خپرونو نوملړ (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">خپرونې</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_years_in_anthropology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of years in anthropology (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Years in anthropology</a></li></ul></div></div> <div style="padding-top:0.4em;"><div style="font-style:italic;">وېشنيزې</div><div style=""> <ul><li><a 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class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p>انسانان د کلتورجوړولو (enculturation) او ټولنیزکېدلو (socialization) د زده کولو بهیرونو له لارې کلتور ترلاسه کوي چې په ټولنو کې د کلتورونو د ګڼوالي او تنوع په وسیله ښودل کېږي. </p><p>یو کلتوري ارزښت، په ټولنه کې د منلو وړ چال چلند تنظیم او ترتیبوی او د رفتار، جامو، ژبې او په یوه ځای کې د یوه عمل د ډول کړنلاره بلل کېږي او په یوه ټولنیز ګروپ کې د تمې وړ کړنو لپاره بېلګه جوړېږي. په یوه ټولنه کې یوازې د یوه کلتور (monoculture) منل ښايي له ځان سره دا خطر لېږدوي چې د ژوندچاپېریالیزو بدلونونو پر مهال د سم غبرګون وړتیا نه لرلو له امله مړاوی شي، نو ځکه په پوځی کلتور کې، زړوتیا د یوه فرد معمولي چلند بلل کېږي او دنده، ویاړ او وفاداري د یوې ټولنیزې ډلې لپاره فضیلت او یا هم د شخړې د استمرار پر مهال اغېزمن غبرګون ګڼل کېږي. کله چې د دین مسئله هم راځي، په یوه ټولنیز ګروپ کې یوشان ځانګړنې تشخیصولای شو. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="تشرېح"><span id=".D8.AA.D8.B4.D8.B1.DB.90.D8.AD"></span>تشرېح</h2></div> <p>پیګمي (Pygmy) موسیقي په ۱۲۰۰مو کلونو کې د باکا (Baka)، اکا (Aka) او اېفې (Efe) د غیرافریقايي پلټونکو او د مرکزي افریقا ځنګلونو د نورو سپړونکو له خوا د کشف نه ډېره وړاندې ګڼ-غږیزه یا پولیفوني (polyphonic) وه. ۲۰۰ کاله وړاندې له هغه چې په اروپا کې ګڼ-غږیزه موسیقي رامنځ ته شي، دې موسیقۍ شتون درلود. د سندرغاړو او نڅاګرو ګڼو لیکو ته پام وکړئ. طرحې يې ناپېیلې دي او تېم (theme) او وارېشن (variation) يې یو په بل کې ننوتې دي. ګمان دا دی چې د نړۍ په موسیقۍ کې دا د پولیفوني لومړی انځور دی. <sup id="cite_ref-Macionis,_Gerber_and_2010_53_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Macionis,_Gerber_and_2010_53-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>کلتور د وګړپېژندې یا انټروپولوجۍ علم مرکزي مفهوم ګڼل کېږي او یو لړهغه پدیدې رانغاړي چې بشري ټولنو ته د ټولنیزې زده کړې له لارې لېږدول کېږي. کلتوري کلیات په ټولو بشري ټولنو کې موندل کېږي. په دوی کې بیاني یا expressive بڼې دي، لکه: هنر، موسیقي، نڅا، مراسم، مذهب او تکنالوژۍ دي، لکه: د وسایلو کارونه، پخلی، سرپناه او جامې. د مادي کلتور مفهوم د کلتور فزیکي اړخونه، لکه: تکنالوژي، معماري او هنر رانغاړي، خو د کلتور غیرمادي برخې بیا د ټولنیز تنظیم اصول (لکه د سیاسي تنظیم او ټولنیزو بنسټونو کړنې)، اسطوره پېژنده یا mythology، فلسفه، ادبیات (هم لیکلي او هم شفاهي) او ساینس رانغاړي، چې د ټولنې ناملموس کلتوري میراث جوړوي. </p><p>په بشري علومو کې د فرد د ځانګړنې په توګه د کلتور مفهوم هغه درجه ده چې دوی په هنرونو، ساینس، تعلیم او ټولنیز چلند کې د پوخوالي یوې خاصې کچې ته رسېدلي دي. د کلتوري پوخوالي کچه له تمدنونو نه د لږو پېچلو ټولنو د تمایز لپاره هم ځینې وختونه کارول کېږي. د کلتور په اړه دا ډول سلسله مراتب لیدلوری د طبقې پر بنسټ د ټولنیزو غوره وګړو د عالي کلتور او د ټيټ کلتور، عمومي کلتور یا د ولسي کلتور تر منځ په تمایز کې موندلای شو، چې کلتوري پانګې ته د طبقه بندي شوي لاسرسي پر بنسټ جلا کېږي. په دودیزه اصطلاح کې، کلتور ډېری مهال هغو سمبولیکو نښو ته ویل کېږي چې د قومي ډلو له خوا له نورو نه د خپل ځان د تمایز په پار کارول کېږي،لکه: د بدن اصلاح، جامې یا ګاڼې. ولسي کلتور هغه مصرفي کلتور ته ویل کېږي چې د ولس لخوا رامنځته شوی دی. د فلسفې ځینې مکتبونه لکه مارکسیسم او انتقادي نظریه وايي چې کلتور ډېری مهال په سیاست کې د نخبګانو د یوې وسیلې په توګه کارول کېږي، تر څو پرولتاريا وغولوي او یو کاذب شعور رامنځته کړي. دا ډول لیدلوری، د کلتوري مطالعاتو په برخه کې عام دی. په ټولنیزو علومو کې، د کلتوري ماده پالنې لیدلوری وايي چې، بشري سمبولیک کلتور د انسان د ژوند د مادي حالت نه راټوکېدلی دی، ځکه همدا انسان دی چې د فزیکي پاېښت لپاره شرایط رامنځته کوي او دا چې د کلتور بنسټ په تکاملي بیولوژیکي جوړښتونو کې موندل شوې دي. </p><p>د شمېر نوم په توګه "کلتور" د ټولنې یا توکمي ډلې یا ولس د دود دستور، رواجونو او ارزښتونو ټولګه ده. کلتور د وخت په تېرېدو سره د ترلاسه شوې پوهې ټولګه ده. په دې مفهوم سره، ملټي کلچرلیزم د ځمکې پر مخ د ټولو شته بېلابېلو کلتورونو تر منځ سوله ییز ګډ ژوند او دوه اړخیز درناوي ته ارزښت ورکوي. ځینې مهال "کلتور" د ټولنې په یوه فرعي ډله یا فرعي کلتور،لکه:  " برو کلتور bro culture" او یا کلتورضد (counterculture) کې دننه د مشخصو کړنو د تشرېح کولو لپاره کارول کېږي. په کلتوري وګړپېژندنه کې، د کلتوري نسبیت پالنې یا cultural relativism ایډیالوژي او تحلیلي درېځ په دې نظر دي چې نه شو کولای، کلتورونه په اسانۍ سره په عیني توګه درجه بندي او وارزو، ځکه هره ارزونه هرومرو د یوه ټاکلي کلتور په ارزښتي نظام کې دننه ځای لري. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="رېښه"><span id=".D8.B1.DB.90.DA.9A.D9.87"></span>رېښه</h2></div> <p>د "کلتور" معاصرې کلیمې بنسټ هغه اصطلاح ده چې د لرغوني رومي ویناوال سیسرو د توسکولانې بحثونه (Tusculanae Disputationes) په نامه په خپل کتاب کې کارولې ده او د روح د پاکۍ یا "cultura animi" په اړه یې لیکلي دي او د فلسفي روح د ودې لپاره يې کرنیزه استعاره کارولې ده چې له تیلیولوژیکي (teleologically) اړخه د انساني ودې د ترټولو لوړایډیال په توګه پېژندل کېږي. سموېل پوفېندورف دغه استعاره په عصري زمینه کې وکاروله، یعنې ورته یو شی، خو دا يې نوره نه انګېرله چې فلسفه د انسان طبیعي کمال دی. سموېل او له هغه راوروسته ډېرو لیکوالانو"ټولو هغو  لارو ته ګوته ونیوله چې انسانان پر خپل اصلي بربریت برلاسي شول او د هنرمندۍ له لارې بشپړ انسانان شول". <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-velkley_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-velkley-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>په ۱۹۸۶ز کال کې فیلسوف اډوارد اېس کاسې ولیکل: "د کلتور کلیمه د منځنیو پېړیو په انګلیسي ژبه کې د "کرل شوي ځای" معنا لري او عینِ کیلمه د لاتین ژبې په کولیرې colere کلیمه کې چې د مېشتېدو، پاملرنې، کرنې او عبادت په معنا ده او کولتوس یا cultus کلیمه کې چې د 'A فرقې، په ځانګړې توګه مذهبي هغې' په معنا ده، رېښه لري. کلتوري اوسېدل، کلتور لرل، په داسې ځای کې د مېشتېدلو په معنا دي چې د کرنې لپاره پوره بسنه وکړي –د هغې پر وړاندې مسئول وی، هغې ته ځواب ووايي او په غور او دقت سره  پام ورته وکړي. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> د ریچارد ویلکلې له خوا تشرېح شوی کلتور <sup id="cite_ref-velkley2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-velkley2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><blockquote><p>... په اصل کې، د روح یا ذهن د ودې معنا لري، چې تر ډېره یې د ۱۸مې پېړۍ د جرمني متفکرانو په لیکنو کې وروستۍ معنا وموندله، ځکه دوی په بېلابېلو کچو"د معاصر لیبرالیزم او روښانتیا یا Enlightenment" اړوند د روسو نقد ته پراختیا ورکوله."، نو ځکه د "کلتور" او "تمدن" تر منځ توپیر معمولاً د همدغو لیکولانو له لوري بیان شوی دی، که څه هم واضح او مستقیم به نه و. </p></blockquote>د وګړپېژندونکي اي بي ټایلر په وینا: دا یوه "پېچلې بشپړه ټولګه ده او هغه پوهه، عقیده، هنر، اخلاق، قانون، دود دستور او نورې وړتیاوې او عادتونه په کې راځي چې، د ټولنې د یوه غړي په توګه انسان ترلاسه کړې دي." په بل ډول: په اوسنۍ دوره کې، "کلتور د هغې ټولنیزې برخې په توګه تعریف شوی دی، چې پر لاروچارو، بحثونو او مادي  افادو ټینګار کوي، کوم چې د وخت په تېرېدو سره د مشترک ژوند د ټولنیزې معنا دوام یا نه دوام بیانوي.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p>د کمبریج انګلیسي ډکشنري کاږي چې: کلتور "په مشخص وخت کې د مشخصې ډلې د ژوند طریقه، په ځانګړې توګه عمومي دود دستور او باورونه" دي. <sup id="cite_ref-dict_cult_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict_cult-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="سرچینې"><span id=".D8.B3.D8.B1.DA.86.DB.8C.D9.86.DB.90"></span>سرچینې</h2></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-tyor1871-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-tyor1871_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tylor, Edward. (1871). Primitive Culture. Vol 1. New York: J.P. Putnam's Son</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jackson, Y. Encyclopedia of Multicultural Psychology, p. 203</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Macionis,_Gerber_and_2010_53-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Macionis,_Gerber_and_2010_53_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r262776">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFMacionisGerber2011" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Macionis, John J; Gerber, Linda Marie (2011). <i>Sociology</i> (په انګليسي). Toronto: Pearson Prentice Hall. p. 53. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-13-700161-3" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-13-700161-3 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-13-700161-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%DB%90%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%8A_(%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="او سي اېل سي (پېژند) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/652430995">652430995</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sociology&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Pearson+Prentice+Hall&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F652430995&rft.isbn=978-0-13-700161-3&rft.aulast=Macionis&rft.aufirst=John+J&rft.au=Gerber%2C+Linda+Marie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFCicéronBouhier1812" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Cicéron, Marcus Tullius Cicero; Bouhier, Jean (1812). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0ZcOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA273"><i>Tusculanes</i></a> (په فرانسوي). Nismes: J. Gaude. p. 273. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%DB%90%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%8A_(%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="او سي اېل سي (پېژند) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/457735057">457735057</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180902230800/https://books.google.com/books?id=0ZcOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA273">Archived</a> from the original on September 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">March 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tusculanes&rft.place=Nismes&rft.pages=273&rft.pub=J.+Gaude&rft.date=1812&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F457735057&rft.aulast=Cic%C3%A9ron&rft.aufirst=Marcus+Tullius+Cicero&rft.au=Bouhier%2C+Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0ZcOAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-velkley-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-velkley_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFVelkley2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Velkley, Richard L (2002). "The Tension in the Beautiful: On Culture and Civilization in Rousseau and German Philosophy". <i>Being after Rousseau: philosophy and culture in question</i> (په انګليسي). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 11–30. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-226-85256-0" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-226-85256-0 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-226-85256-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%DB%90%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%8A_(%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="او سي اېل سي (پېژند) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/47930775">47930775</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Tension+in+the+Beautiful%3A+On+Culture+and+Civilization+in+Rousseau+and+German+Philosophy&rft.btitle=Being+after+Rousseau%3A+philosophy+and+culture+in+question&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=11-30&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F47930775&rft.isbn=978-0-226-85256-0&rft.aulast=Velkley&rft.aufirst=Richard+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFSorrells2015" class="citation book cs1">Sorrells, Kathryn (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/interculturalcom0000sorr"><i>Intercultural Communication: Globalization and Social Justice</i></a>. Los Angeles: Sage. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4129-2744-4" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4129-2744-4 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-4129-2744-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Intercultural+Communication%3A+Globalization+and+Social+Justice&rft.place=Los+Angeles&rft.pub=Sage&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-4129-2744-4&rft.aulast=Sorrells&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finterculturalcom0000sorr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" class="Z3988"></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:Page_needed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="کينډۍ:Page needed (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">کينډۍ:Page needed</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-velkley2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-velkley2_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFVelkley2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Velkley, Richard L (2002). "The Tension in the Beautiful: On Culture and Civilization in Rousseau and German Philosophy". <i>Being after Rousseau: philosophy and culture in question</i> (په انګليسي). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 11–30. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-226-85256-0" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-226-85256-0 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-226-85256-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%DB%90%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%8A_(%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="او سي اېل سي (پېژند) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/47930775">47930775</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Tension+in+the+Beautiful%3A+On+Culture+and+Civilization+in+Rousseau+and+German+Philosophy&rft.btitle=Being+after+Rousseau%3A+philosophy+and+culture+in+question&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=11-30&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F47930775&rft.isbn=978-0-226-85256-0&rft.aulast=Velkley&rft.aufirst=Richard+L&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFJamesMageeScerriSteger2015" class="citation book cs1">James, Paul; Magee, Liam; Scerri, Andy; Steger, Manfred (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/9294719"><i>Urban Sustainability in Theory and Practice: Circles of Sustainability</i></a>. London: Routledge. p. 53. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-138-02572-1" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-138-02572-1 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-138-02572-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D8%A7%DB%90%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%8A_(%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%98%D9%86%D8%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="او سي اېل سي (پېژند) (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/942553107">942553107</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170626015736/http://www.academia.edu/9294719/Urban_Sustainability_in_Theory_and_Practice_Circles_of_Sustainability_2015_">Archived</a> from the original on June 26, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Urban+Sustainability+in+Theory+and+Practice%3A+Circles+of+Sustainability&rft.place=London&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F942553107&rft.isbn=978-1-138-02572-1&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.au=Magee%2C+Liam&rft.au=Scerri%2C+Andy&rft.au=Steger%2C+Manfred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F9294719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dict_cult-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dict_cult_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/culture">"Meaning of "culture"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Cambridge English Dictionary</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150815114957/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/culture">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">July 26,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cambridge+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Meaning+of+%22culture%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.cambridge.org%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fculture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFPyszczynskiSolomonGreenberg2015" class="citation book cs1">Pyszczynski, Tom; Solomon, Sheldon; Greenberg, Jeff (2015). <i>Thirty Years of Terror Management Theory</i>. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. Vol. 52. pp. 1–70. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fbs.aesp.2015.03.001">10.1016/bs.aesp.2015.03.001</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-0-12-802247-4" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-0-12-802247-4 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-0-12-802247-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thirty+Years+of+Terror+Management+Theory&rft.series=Advances+in+Experimental+Social+Psychology&rft.pages=1-70&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fbs.aesp.2015.03.001&rft.isbn=978-0-12-802247-4&rft.aulast=Pyszczynski&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft.au=Solomon%2C+Sheldon&rft.au=Greenberg%2C+Jeff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFGreenbergKoolePyszczynski2013" class="citation book cs1">Greenberg, Jeff; Koole, Sander L.; Pyszczynski, Tom (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g_9dAgAAQBAJ"><i>Handbook of Experimental Existential Psychology</i></a>. Guilford Publications. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-4625-1479-3" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-4625-1479-3 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-4625-1479-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161231020831/https://books.google.com/books?id=g_9dAgAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on December 31, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Experimental+Existential+Psychology&rft.pub=Guilford+Publications&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-4625-1479-3&rft.aulast=Greenberg&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.au=Koole%2C+Sander+L.&rft.au=Pyszczynski%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg_9dAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%DA%85%D9%88%D8%A8" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=هڅوب&oldid=296504">https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=هڅوب&oldid=296504</a>" نه اخيستل شوی</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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