Adiantum in Flora of North America @ efloras.org

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" > <HTML>  <head>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-TGK4SMV');</script>  <title>Adiantum in Flora of North America @ efloras.org</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href='/templates/eflora.css' /> <script src="JavaScript/eflora.js" type="text/javascript" ></script> </head>  <body> <TABLE id="TableMain" cellSpacing="1" cellPadding="1" width="640" border="0"> <TR> <TD> <script language="javascript"> function jsClearTextBox(sender) { // alert(formSearchBox["name_str"].id); // alert(sender.value); if (sender.value == "taxon name") { sender.value = ""; } } </script> <table id="ucEfloraHeader_tableHeaderWrapper" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" border="0"> <tr> <TD style="WIDTH: 479px"><a id="ucEfloraHeader_linkFloraHome" title="Flora Homepage" href="flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1"><img src="images/flora/eflora-logo-1.gif" id="ucEfloraHeader_imageLogo" border="0" alt="Link to Flora of North America home" /><br> </a></TD> <TD valign="bottom" align="right"> <div id="ucEfloraHeader_panelSearchBox">  <FORM name="formSearchBox" action="browse.aspx" method="get"> <TABLE borderColor="#ccffcc" cellSpacing="0" cellPadding="2" width="200" border="1"> <TR> <TD> <span id="ucEfloraHeader_lblSearchBox"><INPUT TYPE='Hidden' NAME='flora_id' ' id='flora_id' VALUE='1' >  <input id=name_str name=name_str   value='' class=small title='Use % as the wildcard (e.g. pinus % or pinus a%)' onfocus='jsClearTextBox(this);' accessKey=s size=15> <input class=small type=submit value=Search name=btnSearch><br> <input name=chkAllFloras type=checkbox > <span class=small>All Floras      <A HREF='search_page.aspx?flora_id=1' TARGET='_top' class='a.link.small'>Advanced Search</A></span> </span></TD> </TR> </TABLE> </FORM>  </div> </TD> </tr> </table> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD id="tdSubHeader"> <table id="FooterTableOut" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td bgcolor="#999999"><img src="~/images/layout/dot.gif" alt="" width="100%" height="1"></td> </tr> <tr> <TD> <table bgcolor="#ffffcc" id="footerTable" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td style="WIDTH: 291px">FNA Vol. 2</td> <TD align="right"> <span id="ucEfloraSubHeader_lblLinks"><a target='_top' href='/login.aspx'>Login</a> | <A HREF='/index.aspx' TARGET='_top' >eFloras Home</A> | <A HREF='/help_page.aspx' TARGET='_top' >Help</A></span></TD> </tr> </table> </TD> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#999999"><img src="~/images/layout/dot.gif" alt="" width="100%" height="1"></td> </tr> </table> </TD> </TR> <TR> <TD id="tdBody"> <table id="tableBody" cellSpacing="0" cellPadding="0" width="100%" border="0"> <tr> <td id="tdLeftBar" valign="top" width="0"></td> <td id="tdContent" vAlign="top" width="1930"> <table width="100%" border="0"> <tr> <td vAlign="top"> <table id="tableTaxonChain" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1" width="100%" border="0"> <tr> <td><span id="lblTaxonChain" style="font-size:9pt;"><A HREF='flora_page.aspx?flora_id=1' TARGET='_top' TITLE='Flora homepage' >FNA</A> | <A HREF='browse.aspx?flora_id=1' TARGET='_top' >Family List</A> | <A HREF='volume_page.aspx?volume_id=1002&flora_id=1' TARGET='_top' >FNA Vol. 2</A> | <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=10740' TARGET='_top' >Pteridaceae</A> <A HREF='browse.aspx?flora_id=1&start_taxon_id=10740' TARGET='_top' TITLE='lower taxa' ><img border='0' src='images/layout/icon-list.gif'></A></span></td> </tr> </table> <P></P> <div id="panelTaxonTreatment"> <span id="lblTaxonDesc"> 1. <b>Adiantum</b> Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1094. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed 5, 485. 1754. <p>Maidenhair fern [Greek adiantos, unwetted, for the glabrous leaves, which shed raindrops] <P> Cathy A. Paris <P> <P> <p> <p> Plants terrestrial or on rock. Stems short- to long-creeping or suberect, branched; scales deep tawny yellow to dark reddish brown [black], concolored or bicolored, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, margins entire, erose-ciliate, or minutely dentate. Leaves monomorphic to somewhat dimorphic, densely clustered to closely spaced [distant], 15--110 cm. Petiole chestnut brown to dark purple or blackish, with single groove adaxially, glabrous, hispid, or strigose, with 1 or 2 vascular bundles. Blade lanceolate, ovate, trowel-shaped, or fan-shaped, 1--4(--9)-pinnate proximally, membranaceous to papery, both surfaces commonly glabrous (2 species with scattered hairs), adaxially dull or shiny, not striate; rachis straight or flexuous. Ultimate segments subsessile to short-stalked (stalks terminating in cupulelike swelling at base of pinna in A . tenerum ), round, fan-shaped, rhombic, or oblong, 3--29 mm wide; base truncate to cuneate, free from costa; stalk dark, often lustrous; fertile segments with marginal lobes recurved to form false indusia. Veins of ultimate segments conspicuous, free, ± dichotomously forking near base and well above segment base [anastomosing in a few tropical species], parallel distally. False indusia light gray-green or brown to dark brown, narrow, 0.6--1 mm wide, marginal, concealing sporangia until sporangia dehisce. Sporangia submarginal, borne along or sometimes also between veins on abaxial surface of false indusium, paraphyses and glands absent. Spores yellow or yellowish brown, tetrahedral-globose, trilete, rugulate to rugose or tuberculate, equatorial ridge absent. x = 29, 30.<p> Species ca. 150--200 (9 in the flora): nearly worldwide except at latitudes greater than 60°.<p> <p> <p> <p> Most diverse in Andean South America, Adiantum is primarily a tropical genus; of the nine species occurring in the flora, A . melanoleucum , A . tenerum , and A . tricholepis are strictly subtropical. Adiantum hispidulum occurs only as an escape from cultivation. The genus is absent from dry areas in the interior of the continent. <p> Adiantum is a very clearly circumscribed genus of ferns, the character state "sporangia borne on abaxial surface of false indusium" being both necessary and sufficient to define it. Within this large and widespread genus, however, species relationships are mostly unknown. An evolutionary classification of the group is indeed much needed (R. M. Tryon and A. F. Tryon 1982).<p> <p> SELECTED REFERENCES<P>Fernald, M. L. 1950b. <I>Adiantum capillus-veneris</I> in the United States. Rhodora 52: 201--208. Paris, C. A. 1991. <I>Adiantum viridimontanum</I>, a new maidenhair fern in eastern North America. Rhodora 93: 105--122. Paris, C. A. and M. D. Windham. 1988. A biosystematic investigation of the <I>Adiantum pedatum</I> complex in eastern North America. Syst. Bot. 13: 240--255. Wagner, W. H. Jr. 1956. A natural hybrid, ×<I>Adiantum</I> <I>tracyi</I> C. C. Hall. Madroño 13: 195--205.<p> <P> </span> <P> <div id="panelKey"> <BR clear="all"> <table id="tableKey" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%" border="0"> <tr bgcolor="#d5ffff"> <TD width="347"> <P> <span id="lblKeyTitle" style="font-size:9pt;font-weight:bold;"></span></P> </TD> <TD nowrap="nowrap" align="right"> <P> <span id="lblKeyEditLink" style="font-size:8pt;"></span></P> </TD> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#f1ffff"> <TD colspan="2"> <P> <span id="lblKeyDesc" style="font-size:9pt;"></span></P> <P> <span id="lblKey"><TABLE WIDTH='100%' BORDER='0' > <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP><A NAME='KEY-1-1'>1</A></td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Segments at middle of penultimate divisions of blades ± fan-shaped, rhombic, transversely oblong, or nearly round, about as long as broad.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP><A HREF='#KEY-1-2'>(2)</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP>+</td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Segments at middle of penultimate divisions of blades ± oblong or long-triangular, at least 2 times as long as broad (rarely, reniform).</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP><A HREF='#KEY-1-5'>(5)</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP><A NAME='KEY-1-2'>2</A> <A HREF='#KEY-1-1'>(1)</A></td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Dark color of stalks extending into base of ultimate segments.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>1 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003518' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum capillus-veneris</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP>+</td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Dark color of stalks ending ± abruptly at base of ultimate segments.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP><A HREF='#KEY-1-3'>(3)</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP><A NAME='KEY-1-3'>3</A> <A HREF='#KEY-1-2'>(2)</A></td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Segment stalks terminating in small, cupulelike swelling at base of ultimate segments.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>2 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003552' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum tenerum</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP>+</td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Segment stalks not terminating in small, cupulelike swelling at base of ultimate segments.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP><A HREF='#KEY-1-4'>(4)</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP><A NAME='KEY-1-4'>4</A> <A HREF='#KEY-1-3'>(3)</A></td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Ultimate segments glabrous.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>3 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500027' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum jordanii</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP>+</td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Ultimate segments hirsute.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>4 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003554' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum tricholepis</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP><A NAME='KEY-1-5'>5</A> <A HREF='#KEY-1-1'>(1)</A></td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Rachises hispid or strigose; blades pinnate (occasionally pseudopedate in Adiantum hispidulum).</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP><A HREF='#KEY-1-6'>(6)</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP>+</td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Rachises glabrous; blades pseudopedate.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP><A HREF='#KEY-1-7'>(7)</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP><A NAME='KEY-1-6'>6</A> <A HREF='#KEY-1-5'>(5)</A></td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Ultimate segments with scattered multicelled hairs; rachises hispid; false indusia ± round.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>5 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003533' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum hispidulum</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP>+</td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Ultimate segments glabrous; rachises strigose; false indusia crescent-shaped.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>6 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003539' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum melanoleucum</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP><A NAME='KEY-1-7'>7</A> <A HREF='#KEY-1-5'>(5)</A></td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Segments at middle of penultimate divisions of blades ± oblong; leaves lax-arching, blades fan-shaped.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP><A HREF='#KEY-1-8'>(8)</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP>+</td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Segments at middle of penultimate divisions ± long-triangular or reniform; leaves arching to stiffly erect, blades fan-shaped to funnel-shaped.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP><A HREF='#KEY-1-9'>(9)</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP><A NAME='KEY-1-8'>8</A> <A HREF='#KEY-1-7'>(7)</A></td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Segments at middle of penultimate divisions of blades generally less than 3.2 times as long as broad, apices with rounded, crenulate or crenate-denticulate lobes, lobes separated by shallow sinuses 0.1–2(–3.7) mm, segment stalks ca. 0.6–0.9 mm.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>7 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003542' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum pedatum</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP>+</td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Segments at middle of penultimate divisions usually more than 3.2 times as long as broad, apices with sharply denticulate, angular lobes, lobes separated by deep sinuses 0.6–4 mm, segment stalks to 0.6 mm.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>8 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500026' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum aleuticum</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> <td > </td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP><A NAME='KEY-1-9'>9</A> <A HREF='#KEY-1-7'>(7)</A></td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Central ultimate segments on stalks less than 0.9 mm; false indusia mostly less than 3.5 mm.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>8 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500026' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum aleuticum</A></td> </TR> <TR > <td WIDTH=50 NOWRAP VALIGN=TOP>+</td> <td WIDTH=400 VALIGN=TOP>Central ultimate segments on stalks generally greater than 0.9 mm; false indusia mostly exceeding 3.5 mm.</td> <td > </td> <td VALIGN=TOP NOWRAP>9 <A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500028' TARGET='_top' >Adiantum viridimontanum</A></td> </TR> </TABLE> </span></P> </TD> </tr> <tr bgcolor="#d5ffff"> <TD colspan="2"> <span id="lblKeyList" style="font-size:9pt;"></span></TD> </tr> </table> </div></P> <P> <span id="lblLowerTaxonList"><p> <B>Lower Taxa</B><br> <ul> <li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500026' TITLE='Accepted Name' ><b>Adiantum</b> <b>aleuticum</b> (Ruprecht) Paris</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003518' TITLE='Accepted Name' ><b>Adiantum</b> <b>capillus-veneris</b> Linnaeus</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003533' TITLE='Accepted Name' ><b>Adiantum</b> <b>hispidulum</b> Swartz</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500027' TITLE='Accepted Name' ><b>Adiantum</b> <b>jordanii</b> Müller Halle</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003539' TITLE='Accepted Name' ><b>Adiantum</b> <b>melanoleucum</b> Willdenow</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003542' TITLE='Accepted Name' ><b>Adiantum</b> <b>pedatum</b> Linnaeus</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003552' TITLE='Accepted Name' ><b>Adiantum</b> <b>tenerum</b> Swartz</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200003554' TITLE='Accepted Name' ><b>Adiantum</b> <b>tricholepis</b> Fée</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500028' TITLE='Accepted Name' ><b>Adiantum</b> <b>viridimontanum</b> Paris</A></ul> <p> </span></P> <BR clear="all"> <P> </P> <P></P> </div> <P><div id="panelTaxonLinks">  </P> <P> <table id="tableLinkList" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" width="100%" border="1"> <tr bgcolor="#ffffcc"> <TD><span id="lblLinkTitle" style="font-size:9pt;"><b>Related Links</b> (opens in a new window)</span></TD> </tr> <tr> <TD> <P><span id="lblLinkList"><b>Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org</b><ul> <li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=3&taxon_id=100603' TARGET='_top' TITLE='treatment in Chinese Plant Names' >Chinese Plant Names</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=100603' TARGET='_top' TITLE='treatment in Flora of China' >Flora of China</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=11&taxon_id=100603' TARGET='_top' TITLE='treatment in Flora of Missouri' >Flora of Missouri</A><li><A HREF='florataxon.aspx?flora_id=101&taxon_id=100603' TARGET='_top' TITLE='treatment in Flora of Taiwan Checklist' >Flora of Taiwan Checklist</A></ul> <p> <b>Other Databases</b> <ul> <li><A HREF='http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_pick?name=Adiantum' TARGET='FLORA_LINK' TITLE='W3TROPICOS' >W<SUP>3</SUP>TROPICOS</A> <li><A HREF='http://www.ipni.org/ipni/IpniServlet?family=&infrafamily=&genus=Adiantum&infragenus=&species=&infraspecies=&author_abbrev=&publication_title=&is_apni_record=on&is_gci_record=on&is_ik_record=on&include_authors=on&include_basionym_authors=on&query_type=by_query' TARGET='FLORA_LINK' TITLE='IPNI' >IPNI</A> <li><A HREF='http://ravenel.si.edu/botany/ing//INGsearch.cfm?searchWord=Adiantum' TARGET='FLORA_LINK' TITLE='ING' >ING Genus Search</A></ul> </span></P> </TD> </tr> </table> </div></P> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>  <P></P> <P><span id="lblEditLinks" style="font-size:9pt;"></span></P> <P> </P> </td> </tr> </table> </td> <TD id="tdRightBar" valign="top"></TD> </tr> </table> </TD> <tr> <td> <table id="SubHeaderTableOut" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <td bgcolor="#999999"><img src="~/images/layout/dot.gif" alt="" width="100%" height="1"></td> </tr> <tr> <TD> <table bgcolor="#99cc99" id="SubHeaderTable" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tr> <TD align="center" bgColor="#ffffcc">  |  <a id="ucEfloraFooter_linkHome" href="index.aspx" target="_top">eFlora Home</a> |  <a id="ucEfloraFooter_linkPeopleSearch" href="person_search.aspx" target="_top">People Search</a>  |  <a id="ucEfloraFooter_linkHelp" href="help_page.aspx" target="_top">Help</a>  |  <a id="ucEfloraFooter_linkActKey" href="http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/ActKey" target="_top">ActKey</a>  |  <a id="ucEfloraFooter_Hyperlink2" href="http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/HuCards/" target="_top">Hu Cards</a>  |  <a id="ucEfloraFooter_Hyperlink1" href="glossary.aspx" target="_top">Glossary</a>  |  </TD> </tr> </table> </TD> </tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#999999"><img src="~/images/layout/dot.gif" alt="" width="100%" height="1"></td> </tr> </table> <p></p> </td> </tr> </TABLE> </body> </HTML>

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Adiantum in Flora of North America @ efloras.org