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.mbox-text-full-div>div{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-image{flex-basis:52px;flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .avviso .mbox-text-full-div .hide-when-compact{display:block}</style><div style="" class="ambox metadata noprint plainlinks avviso avviso-generico"> <div class="avviso-immagine mbox-image noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Puzzle_stub.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Abbozzo"><img alt="Abbozzo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Puzzle_stub.svg/45px-Puzzle_stub.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Puzzle_stub.svg/68px-Puzzle_stub.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Puzzle_stub.svg/90px-Puzzle_stub.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="avviso-testo mbox-text"> <div class="mbox-text-div"><b>Questa voce  sull'argomento matematica applicata è solo un <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Abbozzo" title="Aiuto:Abbozzo">abbozzo</a></b>.<br /> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Classificatore_bayesiano&action=edit">Contribuisci</a> a migliorarla secondo le <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Manuale_di_stile" title="Aiuto:Manuale di stile">convenzioni di Wikipedia</a>. </div> <div class="hide-when-compact"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <p>Un <b>classificatore <i>bayesiano</i></b> è un <a href="/wiki/Classificatore_(matematica)" title="Classificatore (matematica)">classificatore</a> basato sull'applicazione del <a href="/wiki/Teorema_di_Bayes" title="Teorema di Bayes">teorema di Bayes</a><sup id="cite_ref-duda_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duda-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Il classificatore <i>bayesiano</i> richiede la conoscenza delle probabilità a priori e condizionali relative al problema, quantità che in generale non sono note ma sono tipicamente stimabili. Se è possibile ottenere delle stime affidabili delle probabilità coinvolte nel teorema, il classificatore <i>bayesiano</i> risulta generalmente affidabile e potenzialmente compatto. Spesso viene detto "classificatore <i>bayesiano</i> completo" (<i>full Bayes classifier</i> o anche <i>belief network</i>). Per costruzione, il classificatore <i>bayesiano</i> minimizza il rischio di classificazione<sup id="cite_ref-duda_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duda-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Nel gergo della <a href="/wiki/Text_categorization" title="Text categorization">classificazione di testi</a>, con il termine "classificatore <i>bayesiano</i>" ci si riferisce convenzionalmente al cosiddetto "classificatore <i>bayesiano</i> ingenuo" (<i>naïve Bayes classifier</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-duda_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duda-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, ossia un classificatore <i>bayesiano</i> semplificato con un modello di <a href="/wiki/Probabilit%C3%A0" title="Probabilità">probabilità</a> sottostante che fa l'ipotesi di <a href="/wiki/Indipendenza_(probabilit%C3%A0)" class="mw-redirect" title="Indipendenza (probabilità)">indipendenza</a> delle <i><a href="/wiki/Caratteristica_(apprendimento_automatico)" title="Caratteristica (apprendimento automatico)">caratteristiche</a></i>, cioè assume che la presenza o l'assenza di un particolare attributo in un documento testuale non è correlata alla presenza o assenza di altri attributi. </p><p>In queste ipotesi semplificate (dette appunto "ingenue", in inglese anche <i>idiot</i>), il modello è realizzabile con molta maggiore facilità. L'esperienza dimostra che il metodo funziona in molti problemi pratici<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, come per esempio il filtraggio anti-spam adattivo<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Classificatore_bayesiano&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Classificatore_bayesiano&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-duda-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-duda_1-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-duda_1-1">b</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-duda_1-2">c</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Duda, R. O. & P. E. Hart (1973), <i>Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis</i>, New York: John Wiley & Sons</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Langley, P., W. Iba, & K. Thompson (1992), <i>An analysis of Bayesian classifiers</i>, da <i>Proceedings, Tenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence</i> (pp. 223–228). Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">N. Friedman, D. Geiger, & M. Goldszmit (1997), <i>Bayesian Network Classifiers</i>, in <i>Machine Learning</i>, 29, 131–163</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">M. Sahami, S. Dumais, D. Heckerman, E. Horvitz (1998), <i>A Bayesian approach to filtering junk e-mail</i>, AAAI'98 <i>Workshop on Learning for Text Categorization</i></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Classificatore_bayesiano&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Classificatore_bayesiano&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teorema_di_Bayes" title="Teorema di Bayes">Teorema di Bayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apprendimento_supervisionato" title="Apprendimento supervisionato">Apprendimento supervisionato</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_even{background:#f7f7f7;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox a.mw-selflink{color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox_image{padding-left:7px;vertical-align:middle;width:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal;text-align:right;width:7em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox_image img{max-width:none!important}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Apprendimento_automatico"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Apprendimento_automatico" title="Template:Apprendimento automatico"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Apprendimento_automatico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Apprendimento automatico (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Apprendimento_automatico&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. 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