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Плейстацэн — Вікіпедыя
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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Галоўнае меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навігацыя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Адкрыць Галоўную старонку [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Галоўная старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Пра праект, чым можна заняцца, дзе што шукаць"><span>Супольнасць</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:RecentChanges" title="Пералік нядаўніх змяненняў у віксе. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Жыццё_ў_плейстацэне" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Жыццё_ў_плейстацэне"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Жыццё ў плейстацэне</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Жыццё_ў_плейстацэне-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гл._таксама" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гл._таксама"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Гл. таксама</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гл._таксама-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Крыніцы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Крыніцы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Крыніцы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Крыніцы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Плейстацэн</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 93 мовах." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 мовы</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoseen" title="Pleistoseen – афрыкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pleistoseen" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="афрыкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoz%C3%A4n" title="Pleistozän – швейцарская нямецкая" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Pleistozän" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарская нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97" title="अभिनूतन युग – ангіка" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अभिनूतन युग" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангіка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="العصر الحديث الأقرب – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العصر الحديث الأقرب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86" title="بليستوسين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بليستوسين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocenu" title="Pleistocenu – астурыйская" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pleistocenu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleystosen_epoxas%C4%B1" title="Pleystosen epoxası – азербайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pleystosen epoxası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Плейстоцен – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Плейстоцен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="প্লাইস্টোসিন – бенгальская" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্লাইস্টোসিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistosen" title="Pleistosen – брэтонская" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pleistosen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="брэтонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – баснійская" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="баснійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plistoc%C3%A8" title="Plistocè – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Plistocè" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoc%C3%A9n" title="Pleistocén – чэшская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pleistocén" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэшская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistosen" title="Pleistosen – валійская" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pleistosen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoc%C3%A6n" title="Pleistocæn – дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pleistocæn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoz%C3%A4n" title="Pleistozän – нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pleistozän" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Πλειστόκαινο – грэчаская" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πλειστόκαινο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэчаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pleistocene" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoceno" title="Pleistoceno – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pleistoceno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoceno" title="Pleistoceno – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pleistoceno" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistotseen" title="Pleistotseen – эстонская" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pleistotseen" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistozeno" title="Pleistozeno – баскская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pleistozeno" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%86" title="پلیستوسن – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پلیستوسن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoseeni" title="Pleistoseeni – фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pleistoseeni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A9istoc%C3%A8ne" title="Pléistocène – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pléistocène" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoz%C3%A4n" title="Pleistozän – паўночнафрызская" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Pleistozän" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="паўночнафрызская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoseen" title="Pleistoseen – заходняя фрызская" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Pleistoseen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="заходняя фрызская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Sealad_Pl%C3%A9istic%C3%A9ineach" title="An Sealad Pléisticéineach – ірландская" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Sealad Pléisticéineach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plistoceno" title="Plistoceno – галісійская" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Plistoceno" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галісійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%9F" title="פלייסטוקן – іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פלייסטוקן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97" title="अत्यंतनूतन युग – хіндзі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अत्यंतनूतन युग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хіндзі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – харвацкая" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="харвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleisztoc%C3%A9n" title="Pleisztocén – венгерская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pleisztocén" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Պլեյստոցեն – армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պլեյստոցեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoceno" title="Pleistoceno – інтэрлінгва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Pleistoceno" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="інтэрлінгва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistosen" title="Pleistosen – інданезійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pleistosen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданезійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoceno" title="Pleistoceno – іда" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pleistoceno" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="іда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleist%C3%B3sent%C3%ADmabili%C3%B0" title="Pleistósentímabilið – ісландская" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pleistósentímabilið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ісландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pleistocene" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="更新世 – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="更新世" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistosen" title="Pleistosen – яванская" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pleistosen" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="პლეისტოცენი – грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პლეისტოცენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Плейстоцен – казахская" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Плейстоцен" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%EC%84%B8" title="플라이스토세 – карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="플라이스토세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pley%C3%AEstosen" title="Pleyîstosen – курдская" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pleyîstosen" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oos_an_Rew" title="Oos an Rew – корнская" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Oos an Rew" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocaenum" title="Pleistocaenum – лацінская" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pleistocaenum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лацінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84isz%C3%A4italter" title="Äiszäitalter – люксембургская" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Äiszäitalter" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plestosene" title="Plestosene – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Plestosene" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocenas" title="Pleistocenas – літоўская" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pleistocenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="літоўская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoc%C4%93ns" title="Pleistocēns – латышская" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pleistocēns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Плеистоцен – македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Плеистоцен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%98%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="പ്ലീസ്റ്റോസീൻ കാലഘട്ടം – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്ലീസ്റ്റോസീൻ കാലഘട്ടം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistosen" title="Pleistosen – малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pleistosen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%86" title="پلشیستوسن – мазандэранская" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پلشیستوسن" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандэранская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoz%C3%A4n" title="Pleistozän – ніжненямецкая" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Pleistozän" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ніжненямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="प्रातिनूतनाश्म – непальская" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="प्रातिनूतनाश्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoceen" title="Pleistoceen – нідэрландская" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pleistoceen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – нарвежская (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – нарвежская (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoc%C3%A8n" title="Pleistocèn – аксітанская" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pleistocèn" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аксітанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plejstocen" title="Plejstocen – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Plejstocen" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoceno" title="Pleistoceno – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pleistoceno" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Плейстоцен – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Плейстоцен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene – шатландская" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Pleistocene" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шатландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistosena" title="Pleistosena – паўночнасаамская" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Pleistosena" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="паўночнасаамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – сербскахарвацкая" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскахарвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%9B%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B6%85%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="ප්ලෛස්ටොසීන අවධිය – сінгальская" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්ලෛස්ටොසීන අවධිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сінгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pleistocene" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoc%C3%A9n" title="Pleistocén – славацкая" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pleistocén" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="славацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoseen" title="Pleistoseen – інары-саамская" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Pleistoseen" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="інары-саамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoceni" title="Pleistoceni – албанская" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pleistoceni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Плеистоцен – сербская" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Плеистоцен" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoz%C3%A4n" title="Pleistozän – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Pleistozän" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – шведская" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="பிலிசுடோசின் – тамільская" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிலிசுடோசின்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="ప్లైస్టోసీన్ – тэлугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ప్లైస్టోసీన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="тэлугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99" title="สมัยไพลสโตซีน – тайская" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สมัยไพลสโตซีน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistoseno" title="Pleistoseno – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pleistoseno" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistosen" title="Pleistosen – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pleistosen" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Плейстоцен – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Плейстоцен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7_%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="وسط حیاتی دور – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وسط حیاتی دور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleystotsen" title="Pleystotsen – узбекская" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Pleystotsen" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_Pleistocen" title="Thế Pleistocen – в’етнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thế Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="в’етнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistocen" title="Pleistocen – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pleistocen" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="更新世 – ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="更新世" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="პლეისტოცენი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პლეისტოცენი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="更新世 – кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="更新世" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keng-sin-s%C3%A8" title="Keng-sin-sè – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Keng-sin-sè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="更新世 – кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="更新世" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25546#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B:%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Размовы пра змест гэтай старонкі (няма такой старонкі) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Змяніць моўны варыянт" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">беларуская</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Віды"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=history" title="Ранейшыя версіі гэтай старонкі. 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Інструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дзеянні </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=history"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Агульныя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:WhatLinksHere/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Спіс вікістаронак, якія спасылаюцца сюды [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Сюды спасылаюцца</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" rel="nofollow" title="Нядаўнія змены ў старонках, на якія спасылаецца гэтая старонка [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Звязаныя праўкі</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:SpecialPages" title="Пералік усіх адмысловых старонак [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Адмысловыя 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=show-download-screen"><span>Спампаваць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&printable=yes" title="Друкавальная версія гэтай старонкі [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><p><b>Плейстацэ́н</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Англійская мова">англ.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic;" lang="en">Pleistocene</span>, ад <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Старажытнагрэчаская мова">стар.-грэч.</a>: <span style="font-style: italic; font-style: normal; font-family: palatino linotype, new athena unicode, athena, gentium, code2000, serif; font-size: 105%;" lang="grc">πλεῖστος</span> — самы шматлікі і <span style="" lang="grc"><span style="font-family: palatino linotype, new athena unicode, athena, gentium, code2000, serif; font-size: 105%;">καινός</span></span> — новы, сучасны) — <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Геалагічная эпоха">эпоха</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%86%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Чацвярцічны перыяд">чацвярцічнага перыяду</a>, якая пачалася 2,588 мільёна гадоў таму і скончылася 11,7 тысяч гадоў таму<sup id="cite_ref-ISC_2013_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISC_2013-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Плейстацэнавая эпоха змяніла <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пліяцэн (няма такой старонкі)">пліяцэнавую</a> і змянілася <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Галацэн">галацэнавай</a>. </p><p>Аўтар тэрміна — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Шатландыя">шатландскі</a> геолаг і археолаг <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B7_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чарлз Лаель (няма такой старонкі)">Чарлз Лаель</a>, які прапанаваў падзяліць <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Трацічны перыяд">трацічны перыяд</a> на чатыры геалагічныя эпохі (уключаючы <i>Старажытны</i> і <i>Новы <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пліяцэн (няма такой старонкі)">пліяцэн</a></i>) у першым томе яго кнігі «Асновы геалогіі» (1830). У 1839 годзе ён прапанаваў выкарыстоўваць тэрмін «плейстацэн» для <i>Новага пліяцэну</i>. </p><p>Для <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Еўразія">Еўразіі</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Паўночная Амерыка">Паўночнай Амерыкі</a> плейстацэн быў характэрны разнастайным жывёльным светам, у які ўваходзілі <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Маманты">маманты</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шарсцістыя насарогі (няма такой старонкі)">шарсцістыя насарогі</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пячорныя львы (няма такой старонкі)">пячорныя львы</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бізоны (няма такой старонкі)">бізоны</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BA" title="Як">які</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гіганцкія алені (няма такой старонкі)">гіганцкія алені</a>, дзікія коні, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Вярблюды">вярблюды</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Мядзведзі">мядзведзі</a> (як сучасныя, так і вымерлыя), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracinonyx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miracinonyx (няма такой старонкі)">гіганцкія гепарды</a>, гіены, страусы, шматлікія антылопы. У познім плейстацэне большая частка <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мегафаўна (няма такой старонкі)">мегафаўны</a> вымерла. У <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Аўстралія">Аўстраліі</a> зніклі <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сумчаты леў (няма такой старонкі)">сумчатыя львы</a> і <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дыпратодон (няма такой старонкі)">дыпратодоны</a> — самыя буйныя (памерам з насарога) <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Сумчатыя">сумчатыя</a>, якія калі-небудзь існавалі на Зямлі. Мяркуецца, што выміранне выклікалі <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Першабытнае грамадства">першабытныя паляўнічыя</a> ў канцы <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Апошняя ледавіковая эпоха (няма такой старонкі)">апошняга ледавіковага перыяду</a>, або выміранне адбылося ў выніку змянення клімату ці камбінацыі гэтых фактараў. </p><p>У наш час у <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Расія">Расіі</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" class="mw-redirect" title="ЗША">ЗША</a> вядуцца працы па <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аднаўленне плейстацэнавай мегафаўны (няма такой старонкі)">аднаўленні плейстацэнавай мегафаўны</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Жыццё_ў_плейстацэне"><span id=".D0.96.D1.8B.D1.86.D1.86.D1.91_.D1.9E_.D0.BF.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.B9.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.86.D1.8D.D0.BD.D0.B5"></span>Жыццё ў плейстацэне</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Жыццё ў плейстацэне" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Жыццё ў плейстацэне"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Woolly_Mammoth-RBC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Woolly_Mammoth-RBC.jpg/220px-Woolly_Mammoth-RBC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Woolly_Mammoth-RBC.jpg/330px-Woolly_Mammoth-RBC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Woolly_Mammoth-RBC.jpg/440px-Woolly_Mammoth-RBC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="1424" /></a><figcaption>Рэканструкцыя маманта ў поўны памер</figcaption></figure> <p>На пачатку плейстацэну на Зямлі наступіў працяглы ледавіковы перыяд. На працягу 2 млн гадоў на планеце шматкроць чаргаваліся вельмі халодныя і адносна цёплыя адрэзкі часу. У халодныя прамежкі, якія працягваліся прыкладна 40 тысяч гадоў, кантыненты падвяргаліся нашэсцю ледавікоў. У прамежках з цяплейшым кліматам (міжледнікоўях) ільды адыходзілі, і ўзровень вады ў морах падымаўся. </p><p>У шматлікіх жывёл халодных рэгіёнаў планеты (напрыклад, у <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Мамант">маманта</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Шарсцісты насарог">шарсцістага насарога</a>) з’явілася густое шэрснае покрыва і тоўсты слой падскурнага тлушчу<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. На раўнінах пасвіліся статкі аленяў і коней, на якіх палявалі <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пячорны леў (няма такой старонкі)">пячорныя львы</a> і іншыя драпежнікі. А прыблізна 180 тысяч гадоў таму на іх пачалі паляваць і людзі — спачатку <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Неандэртальцы">неандэрталец</a>, а затым і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Чалавек">чалавек разумны</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Аднак многія буйныя жывёлы не змаглі прыстасавацца да рэзкіх ваганняў клімату і вымерлі. Каля 10 тысяч гадоў таму ледавіковы перыяд скончыўся, і клімат на Зямлі стаў цяплейшым і больш вільготным. Гэта спрыяла хуткаму павелічэнню колькасці чалавечай папуляцыі і рассяленню людзей па ўсім зямным шары. Яны навучыліся разворваць зямлю і вырошчваць культурныя расліны. Маленькія, спачатку сельскагаспадарчыя, абшчыны разрасліся, з’явіліся гарады, а ўсяго праз некалькі тысячагоддзяў чалавецтва ператварылася ў сусветнае грамадства, якое выкарыстоўвае ўсе дасягненні высокіх тэхналогій. Затое шматлікія віды жывёл, з якімі людзі спакон веку дзялілі планету, апынуліся на грані знікнення. Вось чаму навукоўцы ўсё часцей гавораць пра тое, што чалавек стаў прычынай новага масавага вымірання відаў на Зямлі. </p> <table class="graytable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Палеагеаграфічныя рэканструкцыі </caption> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Позні плейстацэн,<br /> 50 тыс. гадоў таму </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гл._таксама"><span id=".D0.93.D0.BB._.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Гл. таксама</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Правіць раздзел: Гл. таксама" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Гл. таксама"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Плейстацэнавая мегафаўна (няма такой старонкі)">Плейстацэнавая мегафаўна</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аднаўленне плейстацэнавай мегафаўны (няма такой старонкі)">Аднаўленне плейстацэнавай мегафаўны</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Плейстацэнавы парк (няма такой старонкі)">Плейстацэнавы парк</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Крыніцы"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.86.D1.8B"></span>Крыніцы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Правіць раздзел: Крыніцы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Крыніцы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ISC_2013-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ISC_2013_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span style="" lang="en"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2013-01.pdf">International Chronostratigraphic Chart</a></span> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="англійскай мовай">(англ.)</span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none"></span>.  International Commission on Stratigraphy (1 студзеня 2013). <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6JJbYOJ8e?url=http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2013-01.pdf">Архівавана</a> з першакрыніцы 1 верасня 2013.</small> <small>Праверана 23 верасня 2013.</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343" id="CITEREFЭСБЭ1890—1907"><span data-wikidata-qualifier-id="P248"><a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" class="extiw" title="s:ru:ЭСБЕ/Мамонт">Мамонт</a></span> // <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%96_%D0%AD%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Энцыклапедычны слоўнік Бракгаўза і Эфрона">Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона</a>: В 86 томах (82 т. и 4 доп.) <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span>. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Санкт-Пецярбург">СПб.</span>, 1890—1907.</span> (гл. фіг. 1).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zin.ru/museum/expositions/mammoth_fauna.html">Мамонты и мамонтовая фауна</a> <span class="ref-info" style="cursor:help;" title="рускай мовай">(руск.)</span> // <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%9D" title="Заалагічны музей Заалагічнага інстытута РАН">Заалагічны музей Заалагічнага інстытута РАН</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rian.ru/science/20080209/98801213.html">Зуб неандертальца помог сделать открытия о распространении этого вида</a></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Правіць раздзел: Літаратура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&section=4" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Иорданский Н. Н.</i> Развитие жизни на земле. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Масква">М</span>.: Просвещение, 1981.</span></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Короновский Н.В., Хаин В.Е., Ясаманов Н.А.</i> Историческая геология : Учебник. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Масква">М</span>.: Академия, 2006.</span></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Ушаков С.А., Ясаманов Н.А.</i> Дрейф материков и климаты Земли. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Масква">М</span>.: Мысль, 1984.</span></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Ясаманов Н.А.</i> Древние климаты Земли. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="Ленінград">Л.</span>: Гидрометеоиздат, 1985.</span></li> <li><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Ясаманов Н.А.</i> Популярная палеогеография. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Масква">М</span>.: Мысль, 1985.</span></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://slovari.yandex.ru/~книги/БСЭ/Плейстоцен">Плейстоцен</a></i> — артыкул з <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Вялікая савецкая энцыклапедыя">Вялікай савецкай энцыклапедыі</a></li></ul> <p><br style="clear: both" /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4785216">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Кайназой" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks wraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Кайназой" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Кайназой">Кайназой</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div style="float: left;">← <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Мезазой">Мезазой</a></div> <b>К а й н а з о й <small>( 65,5 млн. гадоў назад — цяперашні час )</small></b></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Палеагенавы перыяд">Палеаген</a> <small>( 65,5 — 23,03 )</small></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Неагенавы перыяд">Неаген</a> <small>( 23,03 — 2,588 )</small></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%86%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%B4" title="Чацвярцічны перыяд">Чацвярцічны</a> <small>( 2,588 — )</small></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;;;;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks wraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Палеацэн">Палеацэн</a> <br /> <small>( 65,5 — 55,8 )</small></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Эацэн">Эацэн</a> <br /><small>( 55,8 — 33,9 )</small></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Алігацэн">Алігацэн</a> <br /><small>( 33,9 — 23,03 )</small></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;;;;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks wraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Міяцэн">Міяцэн</a> <br /><small>( 23,03 — 5,332 )</small></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пліяцэн (няма такой старонкі)">Пліяцэн</a> <br /><small>( 5,332 — 2,588 )</small></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;;;;width:10em;"><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks wraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="font-weight:bold;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Плейстацэн</a> <br /> <small>( 2,588 — 12 тыс. )</small></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Галацэн">Галацэн</a> <br /> <small>( 12 тыс. — )</small></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4785216"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Навігацыйны шаблон" data-name="External links" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist toCollapsibleCount navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><div style="padding: 0px 18px 0px 0px; width: 100%;"><div style="float: left;"><span class="noprint plainlinks nowrap" style="font-size:85%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="⚙️" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/21px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/28px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="14" data-file-height="14" /></a></span> </span></div>  Слоўнікі і энцыклапедыі</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopedia.cat/enciclopedies/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/EC-GEC-0051550.xml">Вялікая каталанская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zgbk.com/ecph/words?SiteID=1&ID=106299">Вялікая кітайская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/pleistocen">Вялікая нарвежская</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/3144940">Вялікая расійская (старая версія)</a> · <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Pleistocene" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Pleistocene">Britannica (11-th)</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/Pleistocene-Epoch">Britannica (онлайн)</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/Pleistocene-Series">Britannica (онлайн)</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/pleistocene/">Universalis</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3748793">.mw-parser-output .ts-navbox-plaintitle{font-size:100%!important;margin:0 6em!important}</style></div><table class="nowraplinks authoritycontrol collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Нарматыўны_кантроль" class="ts-navbox-plaintitle" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Нарматыўны кантроль">Нарматыўны кантроль</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Францыі">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11945805t">11945805t</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4046350-3">4046350-3</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Кантрольны нумар Бібліятэкі Кангрэса">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85097141">sh85097141</a> · <span title="Microsoft Academic" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">Microsoft</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/53570757">53570757</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная парламенцкая бібліятэка Японіі">NDL</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00566708">00566708</a> · <span title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Чэхіі" style="border-bottom: 1px dotted; cursor: help;">NKC</span>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph134965">ph134965</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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