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#a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ARMSoCBlockDiagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/ARMSoCBlockDiagram.svg/275px-ARMSoCBlockDiagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/ARMSoCBlockDiagram.svg/413px-ARMSoCBlockDiagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/ARMSoCBlockDiagram.svg/550px-ARMSoCBlockDiagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Typical SoC use in a system on a module circuit board</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SOMblk.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SOMblk.png/220px-SOMblk.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SOMblk.png/330px-SOMblk.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/SOMblk.png/440px-SOMblk.png 2x" data-file-width="1015" data-file-height="816" /></a><figcaption>SoM block diagram example</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>system on a module</b> (<b>SoM</b>) is a board-level circuit that integrates a system function in a single module. It may integrate digital and analog functions on a single board. A typical application is in the area of <a href="/wiki/Embedded_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Embedded systems">embedded systems</a>. Unlike a <a href="/wiki/Single-board_computer" title="Single-board computer">single-board computer</a>, a SoM serves a special function like a <a href="/wiki/System_on_a_chip" title="System on a chip">system on a chip</a> (SoC). The devices integrated in the SoM typically requires a high level of interconnection for reasons such as speed, timing, bus width, etc. There are benefits in building a SoM, as for SoC; one notable result is to reduce the cost of the base board or the main PCB. Two other major advantages of SoMs are design-reuse and that they can be integrated into many embedded computer applications.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag needs further explanation. (September 2018)">further explanation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_on_module&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The acronym <i>SoM</i> has its roots in the blade-based modules. In the mid 1980s, when <a href="/wiki/VMEbus" title="VMEbus">VMEbus</a> blades used <a href="/wiki/M-Module" title="M-Module">M-Modules</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> these were commonly referred to as system On a module (SoM).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> These SoMs performed specific functions such as compute functions and data acquisition functions. SoMs were used extensively by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xerox" title="Xerox">Xerox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">DEC</a>, and <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> in their blade computers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_on_module&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A typical SoM consists of: </p> <ul><li>at least one <a href="/wiki/Microcontroller" title="Microcontroller">microcontroller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microprocessor" title="Microprocessor">microprocessor</a> or <a href="/wiki/Digital_signal_processor" title="Digital signal processor">digital signal processor</a> (DSP) core <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multi-processor_system-on-chip" class="mw-redirect" title="Multi-processor system-on-chip">multiprocessor systems-on-chip</a> (MPSoCs) have more than one processor core</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory" title="Memory">memory</a> blocks including a selection of <a href="/wiki/Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory">ROM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Random_access_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Random access memory">RAM</a>, <a href="/wiki/EEPROM" title="EEPROM">EEPROM</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Flash_memory" title="Flash memory">flash memory</a></li> <li>timing sources</li> <li>industry standard <a href="/wiki/Communication_protocol" title="Communication protocol">communication</a> interfaces such as <a href="/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Serial Bus">USB</a>, <a href="/wiki/FireWire" class="mw-redirect" title="FireWire">FireWire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>, <a href="/wiki/USART" class="mw-redirect" title="USART">USART</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serial_Peripheral_Interface_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Serial Peripheral Interface Bus">SPI</a>, <a href="/wiki/I%C2%B2C" title="I²C">I²C</a></li> <li>peripherals including <a href="/wiki/Counter_(digital)" title="Counter (digital)">counter</a>-timers, real-time <a href="/wiki/Timer" title="Timer">timers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Power-on_reset" title="Power-on reset">power-on reset</a> generators</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analog_signal" title="Analog signal">analog</a> interfaces including <a href="/wiki/Analog-to-digital_converter" title="Analog-to-digital converter">analog-to-digital converters</a> and <a href="/wiki/Digital-to-analog_converter" title="Digital-to-analog converter">digital-to-analog converters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voltage_regulator" title="Voltage regulator">voltage regulators</a> and <a href="/wiki/Power_management" title="Power management">power management</a> circuits</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_on_module&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CompactPCI" title="CompactPCI">CompactPCI</a> – Computer bus interconnect for industrial computers</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurebus" title="Futurebus">Futurebus</a> – Universal computer bus standard</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI_Mezzanine_Card" title="PCI Mezzanine Card">PCI Mezzanine Card</a> – Printed circuit board assembly manufactured to the IEEE P1386.1 standard</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VPX" title="VPX">VPX</a> – Standards for connecting components of a computer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VXS" title="VXS">VXS</a> – VMEbus performance improvement standard</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=System_on_module&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/1386/2076/">"IEEE 1386-2001 - IEEE Standard for a Common Mezzanine Card Family: CMC"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IEEE&rft.atitle=IEEE+1386-2001+-+IEEE+Standard+for+a+Common+Mezzanine+Card+Family%3A+CMC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstandards.ieee.org%2Fieee%2F1386%2F2076%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASystem+on+module" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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