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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BA%AA%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5&returnto=%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ນີ້ບໍ່ແມ່ນການບັງຄັບ. ແຕ່ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ທ່ານຄວນທີ່ຈະສ້າງບັນຊີແລະເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບ."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ສ້າງບັນຊີ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B4%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%94:%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%BB%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2&returnto=%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ນີ້ບໍ່ແມ່ນການບັງຄັບ. ແຕ່ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ທ່ານຄວນທີ່ຈະເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບ.[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ເຂົ້າສູ່ລະບົບ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> 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<div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" 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id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 ພາສາ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turquest%C3%A9n" title="Turquestén – ອາຣາໂກເນັດ" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Turquestén" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="ອາຣາໂກເນັດ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تركستان – ອາຣັບ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تركستان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ອາຣັບ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%BCstan" title="Türküstan – ອາເຊີໄບຈານິ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Türküstan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ອາເຊີໄບຈານິ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تورکوستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تورکوستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%91%D0%BD)" title="Туркестан (рэгіён) – ເບລາຣັສຊຽນ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Туркестан (рэгіён)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ເບລາຣັສຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркестан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Туркестан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркестан – ບັງກາຣຽນ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Туркестан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ບັງກາຣຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="তুর্কিস্তান – ເບັງກາລີ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তুর্কিস্তান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ເບັງກາລີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ເບຣຕັນ" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ເບຣຕັນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turquestan" title="Turquestan – ຄາຕາລານ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Turquestan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ຄາຕາລານ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تورکستان – ໂຊຣານິ ເຄີດິຊ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تورکستان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="ໂຊຣານິ ເຄີດິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkistan" title="Türkistan – ຄຣີເມນເຕີຄິຊ" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Türkistan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="ຄຣີເມນເຕີຄິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkest%C3%A1n" title="Turkestán – ເຊກ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Turkestán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ເຊກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrcestan" title="Tyrcestan – ເວວ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tyrcestan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ເວວ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ແດນິຊ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ແດນິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ເຢຍລະມັນ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ເຢຍລະມັນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Τουρκεστάν – ກຣີກ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τουρκεστάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ກຣີກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ອັງກິດ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ອັງກິດ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestano" title="Turkestano – ເອສປາຍ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Turkestano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ເອສປາຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turquest%C3%A1n" title="Turquestán – ສະແປນນິຊ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Turquestán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ສະແປນນິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ເອສໂຕນຽນ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ເອສໂຕນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ບັສກີ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ບັສກີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ترکستان – ເປີຊຽນ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ترکستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ເປີຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ຟິນນິຊ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ຟິນນິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ຝຣັ່ງ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ຝຣັ່ງ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Turcast%C3%A1in" title="An Turcastáin – ໄອຣິສ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Turcastáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ໄອຣິສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F" title="טורקסטן – ຮີບຣິວ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טורקסטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ຮີບຣິວ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="तुर्किस्तान – ຮິນດິ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तुर्किस्तान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ຮິນດິ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ໂຄຣເອທຽນ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ໂຄຣເອທຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeszt%C3%A1n" title="Turkesztán – ຮັງກາຣຽນ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Turkesztán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ຮັງກາຣຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D6%84%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Թուրքեստան – ອາເມນຽນ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թուրքեստան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ອາເມນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan_(wilayah)" title="Turkestan (wilayah) – ອິນໂດເນຊຽນ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Turkestan (wilayah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ອິນໂດເນຊຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ອິຕາລຽນ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ອິຕາລຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3" title="トルキスタン – ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トルキスタン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98)" title="თურქესტანი (რეგიონი) – ຈໍຈຽນ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თურქესტანი (რეგიონი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ຈໍຈຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8A%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84" title="튀르키스탄 – ເກົາຫລີ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="튀르키스탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ເກົາຫລີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Түркстан – ເກຍກີສ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Түркстан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="ເກຍກີສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turcestan" title="Turcestan – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Turcestan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestanas" title="Turkestanas – ລິທົວນຽນ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Turkestanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ລິທົວນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkest%C4%81na" title="Turkestāna – ລັດວຽນ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Turkestāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ລັດວຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torkest%C3%A0na" title="Torkestàna – ມາລາກາສຊີ" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Torkestàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ມາລາກາສຊີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ມາເລ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ມາເລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="တာကီစတန် – ມຽນມາ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တာကီစတန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ມຽນມາ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ດັຊ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ດັຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ນໍເວຈຽນ ບັອກມອລ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ນໍເວຈຽນ ບັອກມອລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turquestan" title="Turquestan – ອັອກຊີຕານ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Turquestan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ອັອກຊີຕານ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਤੁਰਕਿਸਤਾਨ – ປັນຈາບີ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੁਰਕਿਸਤਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="ປັນຈາບີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiestan" title="Turkiestan – ໂປລິຊ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Turkiestan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ໂປລິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ترکستان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ترکستان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="سویلي قزاقستان ولایت – ປາສໂຕ" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سویلي قزاقستان ولایت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="ປາສໂຕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turquest%C3%A3o" title="Turquestão – ປອກຕຸຍກິສ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Turquestão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ປອກຕຸຍກິສ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkistan" title="Turkistan – ໂຣແມນຽນ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Turkistan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ໂຣແມນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркестан – ລັດເຊຍ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Туркестан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ລັດເຊຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ເຊີໂບ-ໂກເຊຍ" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="ເຊີໂບ-ໂກເຊຍ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ສະໂລແວັກ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ສະໂລແວັກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ສະໂລເວນຽນ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ສະໂລເວນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркестан – ເຊີບຽນ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Туркестан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ເຊີບຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ສະວີດິຊ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ສະວີດິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Туркистон – ທາຈິກ" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Туркистон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ທາຈິກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="เตอร์กิสถาน – ໄທ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เตอร์กิสถาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ໄທ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%BCstan" title="Türküstan – ເທີກເມັນ" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Türküstan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="ເທີກເມັນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkistan" title="Türkistan – ເທີຄິຊ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Türkistan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ເທີຄິຊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%88%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تۈركىستان – ອຸຍເຄີ" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تۈركىستان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ອຸຍເຄີ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Туркестан – ຢູເຄຣນຽນ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Туркестан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ຢູເຄຣນຽນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ترکستان – ອູຣດູ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ترکستان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ອູຣດູ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiston" title="Turkiston – ອຸສເບກ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Turkiston" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ອຸສເບກ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ຫວຽດນາມ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ຫວຽດນາມ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkestan" title="Turkestan – ວາເລ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Turkestan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ວາເລ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="突厥斯坦 – ຈີນອູ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="突厥斯坦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ຈີນອູ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="突厥斯坦 – ຈີນ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="突厥斯坦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ຈີນ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="突厥斯坦 – ກວາງຕຸ້ງ" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="突厥斯坦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ກວາງຕຸ້ງ" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ຈາກ ວິກິພີເດຍ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lo" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%9A:1914_map_of_Asia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/1914_map_of_Asia.jpg/220px-1914_map_of_Asia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/1914_map_of_Asia.jpg/330px-1914_map_of_Asia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/1914_map_of_Asia.jpg/440px-1914_map_of_Asia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3693" data-file-height="2722" /></a><figcaption> ພາກພື້ນ ເທີກີສະຖານ ໄດ້ຖືກບັນທຶກໄວ້ໃນແຜນທີ່ 1914 ນີ້</figcaption></figure> <p><b>ເທີກີສະຖານ</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>lower-alpha 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (ຈາກ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persian (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">Persian</a>: ترکستان <i>Torkestân</i>), ເປັນ ພາກພື້ນປະຫວັດສາດ ໃນອາຊີກາງທີ່ສອດຄ້ອງກັນກັບພາກພື້ນ Transoxiana ແລະ <a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%81" title="ຕວກກີຕາເວັນອອກ">ຕວກກີຕາເວັນອອກ</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%87" title="ຊິນຈຽງ">ຊິນຈຽງ</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERezakhani2017_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERezakhani2017-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ພາກພື້ນນີ້ຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃນພາກຕາເວັນຕົກສຽງເໜືອຂອງຍຸກສະໄໝໃໝ່ຂອງຈີນ ແລະ ໄປທາງທິດຕາເວັນຕົກສຽງເໜືອຂອງຊາຍແດນຂອງຕົນ, ແລະຂະຫຍາຍໂດຍກົງໄປທາງທິດຕາເວັນອອກຂອງ <a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A5_%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%AA%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%8D" title="ທະເລ ແຄສເປຍ">ທະເລ Caspian</a>. ເທີກີສະຖານ ແມ່ນບ່ອນຢູ່ອາໄສຕົ້ນຕໍໂດຍ ປະຊາຊົນ Turkic, ເຊັ່ນດຽວກັນກັບຊາວລັດເຊຍແລະຊົນເຜົ່າ Tajik-Persian. ເທີກີສະຖານ ຖືກແບ່ງອອກເປັນ Afghan ເທີກີສະຖານ, ເທີກີສະຖານ ລັດເຊຍ, ແລະ <a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B2%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%81" title="ຕວກກີຕາເວັນອອກ">ຕວກກີຕາເວັນອອກ</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%87" title="ຊິນຈຽງ">ເຂດປົກຄອງຕົນເອງ Xinjiang Uyghur</a> ໃນປະເທດຈີນ).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ"><span id=".E0.BB.80.E0.BA.AD.E0.BA.81.E0.BA.B0.E0.BA.AA.E0.BA.B2.E0.BA.99.E0.BA.AD.E0.BB.89.E0.BA.B2.E0.BA.87.E0.BA.AD.E0.BA.B5.E0.BA.87"></span>ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99&action=edit&section=1" title="ແກ້ໄຂພາກ: ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ"><span>ດັດແກ້</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%99" title="ພາສາຈີນ">ຈີນ</a>: <span lang="zh">突厥斯坦</span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Langx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Langx (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">ແມ່ແບບ:Langx</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Langx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Langx (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">ແມ່ແບບ:Langx</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Langx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Langx (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">ແມ່ແບບ:Langx</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Langx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Langx (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">ແມ່ແບບ:Langx</a></span> </li> </ol> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r110408">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation book cs1">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4U0fCVfM8q8C&pg=PA115">https://books.google.com/books?id=4U0fCVfM8q8C&pg=PA115</a>". <i>The Monumental Inscriptions from Early Islamic Iran and Transoxiana</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4U0fCVfM8q8C%26pg%3DPA115&rft.btitle=The+Monumental+Inscriptions+from+Early+Islamic+Iran+and+Transoxiana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Flo.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%9A:Cite_book" title="ແມ່ແບບ:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code"><code class="cs1-code">|chapter=</code></code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%8D%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ:CS1 errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERezakhani2017-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERezakhani2017_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRezakhani2017">Rezakhani 2017</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: no target: CITEREFRezakhani2017 (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%BB%9D%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%94:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ໝວດ:Harv and Sfn template errors (ບໍ່ມີໜ້ານີ້)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r110408"><cite class="citation web cs1">"Turkistan | Map, History, & Facts | Britannica".</cite><span 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