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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%B1%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="بوابة:رحلات فضائية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوابة:رحلات فضائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0:%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="প্রবেশদ্বার:মহাকাশ যাত্রা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রবেশদ্বার:মহাকাশ যাত্রা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Портал:Космически полети – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Портал:Космически полети" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" 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font-family:Cambria; color:white; letter-spacing:.3em;background:#000000;"> <td align="center" height="100px"> <p><span><b>The Spaceflight Portal</b></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" valign="top" style="background:transparent;"> <table width="100%" cellpadding="6" cellspacing="6" style="background:black; border-style:solid; border-width:1px; border-color:black;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="55%" valign="top" style="padding: 0; margin:0;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%"> <tbody><tr style="white-space: nowrap;"> <td style="width: 15em; border: 0px silver solid; background: silver; padding: 3px; text-align: center;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="">Main</span></a> </td> <td style="width: 6px; border-bottom: white; background: black;">  </td> <td style="width: 15em; border: 1px silver solid; background: black; padding: 3px; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight/Topics" title="Portal:Spaceflight/Topics"><span style="color: white;">Lists and timelines</span></a> </td> <td style="width: 6px; border-bottom: white; background: black;">  </td> <td style="width: 15em; border: 1px silver solid; background: black; padding: 3px; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Spaceflight" title="Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Spaceflight"><span style="color: white;">WikiProject Spaceflight Discussions</span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="plainlinks" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="border-left: 0px black solid; border-bottom: 1px black solid; border-right: 0px black solid; background: white;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 1em;"> <p><br /> </p> <table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3ASpaceflight%2FIntro&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Introduction" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Introduction</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Launch of STS-1, the first space shuttle flight"><img alt="Launch of STS-1, the first space shuttle flight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg/125px-Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg/188px-Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg/250px-Space_Shuttle_Columbia_launching.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6084" data-file-height="6084" /></a><figcaption>Launch of <a href="/wiki/STS-1" title="STS-1">STS-1</a>, the first <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">space shuttle</a> flight</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Spaceflight" title="Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></b> (or <b>space flight</b>) is an application of <a href="/wiki/Astronautics" title="Astronautics">astronautics</a> to fly objects, usually <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">spacecraft</a>, into or through <a href="/wiki/Outer_space" title="Outer space">outer space</a>, either <a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight" title="Human spaceflight">with</a> or <a href="/wiki/Uncrewed_spaceflight" class="mw-redirect" title="Uncrewed spaceflight">without humans on board</a>. Most spaceflight is uncrewed and conducted mainly with spacecraft such as <a href="/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite">satellites</a> in <a href="/wiki/Geocentric_orbit" title="Geocentric orbit">orbit around Earth</a>, but also includes <a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">space probes</a> for flights beyond Earth orbit. Such spaceflights operate either by <a href="/wiki/Telerobotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Telerobotic">telerobotic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_robot" title="Autonomous robot">autonomous</a> control. The first spaceflights began in the 1950s with the launches of the Soviet <a href="/wiki/Sputnik_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Sputnik program">Sputnik</a> satellites and American <a href="/wiki/Explorers_Program" title="Explorers Program">Explorer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Project_Vanguard" title="Project Vanguard">Vanguard</a> missions. <a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight_programs" title="Human spaceflight programs">Human spaceflight programs</a> include the <a href="/wiki/Soyuz_programme" title="Soyuz programme">Soyuz</a>, <a href="/wiki/China_Manned_Space_Program" title="China Manned Space Program">Shenzhou</a>, the past <a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo Moon landing</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle programs</a>. Other current spaceflight are conducted to the <a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a> and to China's <a href="/wiki/Tiangong_Space_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiangong Space Station">Tiangong Space Station</a>. (<b><a href="/wiki/Spaceflight" title="Spaceflight">Full article...</a></b>) </p> <div class="noprint" style="margin:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; padding:0.3em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em; text-align:right;"><b> <small><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight/About" title="Portal:Spaceflight/About">About the Spaceflight Portal</a></small> </b></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div style="text-align:center; margin:0.25em 0 0.75em 0;"><span class="noprint plainlinks purgelink"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Spaceflight&action=purge"><span title="Purge this page"><b>View new selections below</b> (purge)</span></a></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r996214246">.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container{clear:both;width:100%;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column{float:left;width:50%;min-width:360px;padding:0 0.5em;box-sizing:border-box;flex:1;display:flex;flex-direction:column}@media screen and (max-width:393px){.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column{min-width:0}}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column:first-child{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column:last-child{padding-right:0}@media screen and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column{padding:0;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container{display:block}}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column>div{flex:1 0 auto}.mw-parser-output .flex-columns-container>.flex-columns-column>div.flex-columns-noflex{flex:0}</style><div class="flex-columns-container"><div class="flex-columns-column"><div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3ASpaceflight%2FSelected_article%2F2&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Selected_article" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Selected article</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <div class="thumb tleft" style="overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:308px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="width:auto;overflow:auto;"><div style="white-space:normal"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaganyaan_crewed_spacecraft_in_deployed_twin_solar_panel_configuration.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gaganyaan_crewed_spacecraft_in_deployed_twin_solar_panel_configuration.png/220px-Gaganyaan_crewed_spacecraft_in_deployed_twin_solar_panel_configuration.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gaganyaan_crewed_spacecraft_in_deployed_twin_solar_panel_configuration.png/330px-Gaganyaan_crewed_spacecraft_in_deployed_twin_solar_panel_configuration.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gaganyaan_crewed_spacecraft_in_deployed_twin_solar_panel_configuration.png/440px-Gaganyaan_crewed_spacecraft_in_deployed_twin_solar_panel_configuration.png 2x" data-file-width="805" data-file-height="479" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="center">Rendering of Gaganyan crew module</div></div></div></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Gaganyaan" title="Gaganyaan">Gaganyaan</a></b> (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="sa-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sanskrit" title="Help:IPA/Sanskrit">[ɡəɡənəjɑːnə]</a></span>; pronunciation from <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>: <span title="Sanskrit-language text"><i lang="sa">gagana</i></span>, "celestial" and <span title="Sanskrit-language text"><i lang="sa">yāna</i></span>, "craft, vehicle") is an Indian <a href="/wiki/List_of_crewed_spacecraft" title="List of crewed spacecraft">crewed orbital spacecraft</a> intended to be the formative spacecraft of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Human_Spaceflight_Programme" title="Indian Human Spaceflight Programme">Indian Human Spaceflight Programme</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">spacecraft</a> is being designed to carry three people, and a planned upgraded version will be equipped with rendezvous and docking capabilities. In its maiden crewed mission, the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Space_Research_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Space Research Organisation">Indian Space Research Organisation</a> (ISRO)'s largely autonomous 5.3-<a href="/wiki/Metric_ton" class="mw-redirect" title="Metric ton">metric ton</a> capsule will orbit the Earth at 400 km altitude for up to seven days with a two- or three-person crew on board. The first crewed mission was originally planned to be launched on ISRO's <a href="/wiki/LVM3" title="LVM3">HLVM3</a> rocket in December 2021. As of November 2024, it is expected to be launched no earlier than 2026. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Aeronautics_Limited" title="Hindustan Aeronautics Limited">Hindustan Aeronautics Limited</a> (HAL)-manufactured crew module underwent its first uncrewed experimental flight on 18 December 2014. As of May 2019,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spaceflight&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> design of the crew module has been completed. The <a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation" title="Defence Research and Development Organisation">Defence Research and Development Organisation</a> (DRDO) will provide support for critical human-centric systems and technologies such as space-grade food, crew healthcare, radiation measurement and protection, parachutes for the safe recovery of the crew module, and the fire suppression system. </p> <table class="noprint" width="100%" border="0" style="padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="text-align:left;"><b> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight/Selected_article" title="Portal:Spaceflight/Selected article">More selected articles</a> </b></div></td> <td> <div style="text-align:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Gaganyaan" title="Gaganyaan">Read more</a></b> </p> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3ASpaceflight%2FNext_launch&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Next_scheduled_launch" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Next scheduled launch</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <table style="background:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td><b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a full schedule of launches and deep-space rendezvous, see <a href="/wiki/2024_in_spaceflight" title="2024 in spaceflight">2024 in spaceflight</a>.</div></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3ASpaceflight%2FSelected_biography%2F8&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Selected_biography" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Selected biography</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <div style="float:left;margin-right:1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gerard_Kitchen_ONeill.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="Gerard K. O'Neill"><img alt="Gerard K. O'Neill" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Gerard_Kitchen_ONeill.GIF/200px-Gerard_Kitchen_ONeill.GIF" decoding="async" width="200" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Gerard_Kitchen_ONeill.GIF 1.5x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="318" /></a></span> </div><b><a href="/wiki/Gerard_K._O%27Neill" title="Gerard K. O'Neill">Gerard Kitchen O'Neill</a></b> (February 6, 1927 – April 27, 1992) was an <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> <a href="/wiki/Physicist" title="Physicist">physicist</a> and space activist. A faculty member of <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a>, he invented a device called the <a href="/wiki/Storage_ring" title="Storage ring">particle storage ring</a> for high-energy physics experiments. Later, he invented a magnetic launcher called the <a href="/wiki/Mass_driver" title="Mass driver">mass driver</a>. In the 1970s, he developed a plan to build human settlements in outer space, including a <a href="/wiki/Space_habitat" class="mw-redirect" title="Space habitat">space habitat</a> design known as the <a href="/wiki/O%27Neill_cylinder" title="O'Neill cylinder">O'Neill cylinder</a>. He founded the <a href="/wiki/Space_Studies_Institute" title="Space Studies Institute">Space Studies Institute</a>, an organization devoted to funding research into <a href="/wiki/Space_manufacturing" title="Space manufacturing">space manufacturing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Space_colonization" title="Space colonization">colonization</a>. <p>O'Neill began researching high-energy <a href="/wiki/Particle_physics" title="Particle physics">particle physics</a> at <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a> in 1954 after he received his doctorate from <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a>. Two years later, he published his theory for a particle storage ring. This invention allowed particle physics experiments at much higher energies than had previously been possible. In 1965 at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, he performed the first colliding beam physics experiment. </p><p>While teaching physics at Princeton, O'Neill became interested in the possibility that humans could live in outer space. He researched and proposed a futuristic idea for human settlement in space, the O'Neill cylinder, in "The Colonization of Space", his first paper on the subject. He held a conference on <a href="/wiki/Space_manufacturing" title="Space manufacturing">space manufacturing</a> at Princeton in 1975. Many who became post-<a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo</a>-era space activists attended. O'Neill built his first <a href="/wiki/Mass_Driver_1" title="Mass Driver 1">mass driver prototype</a> with professor <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kolm" title="Henry Kolm">Henry Kolm</a> in 1976. He considered mass drivers critical for extracting the mineral resources of the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroids</a>. His award-winning book <i><a href="/wiki/The_High_Frontier:_Human_Colonies_in_Space" title="The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space">The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space</a></i> inspired a generation of space exploration advocates. He died of <a href="/wiki/Leukemia" title="Leukemia">leukemia</a> in 1992. </p> <table class="noprint" width="100%" border="0" style="padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="text-align:left;"><b> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight/Selected_biography" title="Portal:Spaceflight/Selected biography">More selected biographies</a> </b></div></td> <td> <div style="text-align:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Gerard_K._O%27Neill" title="Gerard K. O'Neill">Read more</a></b> </p> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div></div></div><div class="flex-columns-column"><div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3ASpaceflight%2FSelected_picture%2F7&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Selected_picture" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Selected picture</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pioneer10-plaque.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Image of the Pioneer plaque"><img alt="Image of the Pioneer plaque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pioneer10-plaque.jpg/300px-Pioneer10-plaque.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pioneer10-plaque.jpg/450px-Pioneer10-plaque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Pioneer10-plaque.jpg/600px-Pioneer10-plaque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2891" data-file-height="2290" /></a><figcaption>Image of the <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_plaque" title="Pioneer plaque">Pioneer plaque</a></figcaption></figure> <table class="noprint" width="100%" border="0" style="padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;" width="33%"><small>Credit: <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> Ames Research Center</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> image of Pioneer 10's famed <a href="/wiki/Pioneer_plaque" title="Pioneer plaque">Pioneer plaque</a>, a pictorial message to any <a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">extraterrestrial being</a> that may intercept the probe. It features a design engraved into a gold-anodized aluminum plate, 152 by 229 millimeters (6 by 9 inches), attached to the spacecraft's antenna support struts to help shield it from erosion by interstellar dust.</div> <table class="noprint" width="100%" border="0" style="padding: 0; margin: 0; background-color:transparent"> <tbody><tr> <td width="33%"><div style="text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight/Selected_picture" title="Portal:Spaceflight/Selected picture">More selected pictures</a></b></div></td> <td> <div style="text-align:right;margin-right:10px;margin-bottom:4px;"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_plaque" title="Pioneer plaque">Read more</a></b> </p> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3ASpaceflight%2FOn_This_Day%2F12_December&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="On_This_Day" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">On This Day</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <p><b>12 December</b><br /> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1961_in_spaceflight" title="1961 in spaceflight">1961</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Thor-Agena" title="Thor-Agena">Thor-Agena</a> launches the <a href="/wiki/Discoverer_36" title="Discoverer 36">Discoverer 36</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1966_in_spaceflight" title="1966 in spaceflight">1966</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Kosmos-2I" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos-2I">Kosmos-2I</a> launches the <a href="/wiki/Kosmos_135" title="Kosmos 135">Kosmos 135</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1968_in_spaceflight" title="1968 in spaceflight">1968</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Thorad-Agena" title="Thorad-Agena">Thorad-Agena</a> launches a <a href="/wiki/Corona_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Corona (satellite)">CORONA</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1970_in_spaceflight" title="1970 in spaceflight">1970</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Scout_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout B">Scout B</a> launches the <a href="/wiki/Uhuru_(satellite)" title="Uhuru (satellite)">Uhuru</a> spacecraft.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1970_in_spaceflight" title="1970 in spaceflight">1970</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Kosmos-3M" title="Kosmos-3M">Kosmos-3M</a> launches the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_385&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 385 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 385</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1970_in_spaceflight" title="1970 in spaceflight">1970</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Diamant" title="Diamant">Diamant-B</a> launches the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peole (page does not exist)">Peole</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1972_in_spaceflight" title="1972 in spaceflight">1972</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Molniya-M" title="Molniya-M">Molniya-M</a> launches a <a href="/wiki/Molniya_(satellite)" title="Molniya (satellite)">Molniya-2</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1975_in_spaceflight" title="1975 in spaceflight">1975</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-2" title="Tsyklon-2">Tsyklon-2</a> launches the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_785&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 785 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 785</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1977_in_spaceflight" title="1977 in spaceflight">1977</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Soyuz-U" title="Soyuz-U">Soyuz-U</a> launches the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_966&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 966 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 966</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1979_in_spaceflight" title="1979 in spaceflight">1979</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Soyuz-U" title="Soyuz-U">Soyuz-U</a> launches the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1147&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1147 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1147</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1984_in_spaceflight" title="1984 in spaceflight">1984</a></b> - An <a href="/wiki/Atlas_E/F" title="Atlas E/F">Atlas E/F</a> launches the <a href="/wiki/NOAA-9" title="NOAA-9">NOAA-9</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1985_in_spaceflight" title="1985 in spaceflight">1985</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-3" title="Tsyklon-3">Tsyklon-3</a> launches the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1707&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1707 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1707</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1986_in_spaceflight" title="1986 in spaceflight">1986</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Molniya-M" title="Molniya-M">Molniya-M</a> launches the <a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1806" title="Kosmos 1806">Kosmos 1806</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1987_in_spaceflight" title="1987 in spaceflight">1987</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Tsyklon-2" title="Tsyklon-2">Tsyklon-2</a> launches the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1900&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1900 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1900</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1999_in_spaceflight" title="1999 in spaceflight">1999</a></b> - A <a href="/wiki/Titan_23G" title="Titan 23G">Titan 23G</a> launches the <a href="/wiki/Defense_Meteorological_Satellite_Program" title="Defense Meteorological Satellite Program">USA-147</a> satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2011_in_spaceflight" title="2011 in spaceflight">2011</a></b> - An <a href="/wiki/H-IIA" title="H-IIA">H-IIA</a> launches the <a href="/wiki/Information_Gathering_Satellite" title="Information Gathering Satellite">IGS</a> Radar 3 satellite.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2012_in_spaceflight" title="2012 in spaceflight">2012</a></b> - <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> conducts its first orbital launch when a <a href="/wiki/Unha" title="Unha">Unha-3</a> launches the <a href="/wiki/Kwangmy%C5%8Fngs%C5%8Fng-3_Unit_2" title="Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2">second Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 satellite</a>.</li></ul> <p style="float:right;">View: <a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight/On_This_Day/12_December" title="Portal:Spaceflight/On This Day/12 December">Today</a> | <a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight/On_This_Day/December" title="Portal:Spaceflight/On This Day/December">December</a> | <a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight/On_This_Day/Index" title="Portal:Spaceflight/On This Day/Index">All</a></p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3ASpaceflight%2FDid_you_know&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Did_you_know..." style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Did you know...</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <ul><li>... that astrophysicist <b><a href="/wiki/Suzanna_Randall" title="Suzanna Randall">Suzanna Randall</a></b> continued her research at the <a href="/wiki/European_Southern_Observatory" title="European Southern Observatory">European Southern Observatory</a> while training for the spaceflight programme <a href="/wiki/Die_Astronautin" title="Die Astronautin">Die Astronautin</a>?</li> <li>... that Iran's first three-stage <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">satellite carrier</a>, <b><a href="/wiki/Qaem_100" title="Qaem 100">Qaem 100</a></b>, successfully passed its <a href="/wiki/Sub-orbital_spaceflight" title="Sub-orbital spaceflight">suborbital</a> test?</li> <li><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Apollo_11_first_step.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Neil Armstrong on the Moon"><img alt="Neil Armstrong on the Moon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Apollo_11_first_step.jpg/230px-Apollo_11_first_step.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Apollo_11_first_step.jpg/345px-Apollo_11_first_step.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Apollo_11_first_step.jpg/460px-Apollo_11_first_step.jpg 2x" data-file-width="538" data-file-height="409" /></a><figcaption>Neil Armstrong on the Moon</figcaption></figure></li></ul> <p>…that the original videos of the <b><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></b> astronauts walking on the Moon (pictured) were lost after the mission, and were reported to have been found in June 2009? </p> <ul><li>…that the <b><a href="/wiki/Vostok_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Vostok 4">Vostok 4</a></b> mission was shortened because <a href="/wiki/Cosmonaut" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmonaut">cosmonaut</a> <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Romanovich_Popovich" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavel Romanovich Popovich">Pavel Romanovich Popovich</a> accidentally told flight controllers that he was "observing thunderstorms". This was a coded signal requesting an abort because the cosmonaut was feeling ill, however Popovich was actually trying to inform ground controllers that he could see thunderstorms from space.</li> <li>…that <b><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour"><i>Endeavour</i></a></b> was built from spare parts left over from the construction of other <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_orbiter" title="Space Shuttle orbiter">Space Shuttle orbiters</a>?</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 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href="/wiki/Template:Spaceflight" title="Template:Spaceflight"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Spaceflight" title="Template talk:Spaceflight"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spaceflight" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spaceflight"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spaceflight" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spaceflight" title="Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_mechanics" title="Orbital mechanics">Astrodynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_spaceflight" title="History of spaceflight">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_spaceflight" title="Timeline of spaceflight">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_records" title="List of spaceflight records">Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight-related_accidents_and_incidents" title="List of spaceflight-related accidents and incidents">Accidents and incidents</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_launch" title="Space launch">Space launch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_policy" title="Space policy">Space policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_programme_of_Australia" title="Category:Space programme of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_space_program" title="Chinese space program">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency_Science_Programme" title="European Space Agency Science Programme">European Space Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Space_Programme" title="European Union Space Programme">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Space_Research_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Space Research Organisation">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_space_program" title="Japanese space program">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_space_program" title="Soviet space program">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Space policy of the United States">United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_law" title="Space law">Space law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outer_Space_Treaty" title="Outer Space Treaty">Outer Space Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rescue_Agreement" title="Rescue Agreement">Rescue Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Liability_Convention" title="Space Liability Convention">Space Liability Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Registration_Convention" title="Registration Convention">Registration Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Treaty" title="Moon Treaty">Moon Treaty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_warfare" title="Space warfare">Space warfare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_command" title="Space command">Space command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_force" title="Space force">Space force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militarisation_of_space" title="Militarisation of space">Militarisation of space</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_spaceflight" title="Private spaceflight">Private spaceflight</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billionaire_space_race" title="Billionaire space race">Billionaire space race</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_space_science" title="Outline of space science">Applications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronomy" title="Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_observation_satellite" title="Earth observation satellite">Earth observation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Remote_sensing_(archaeology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote sensing (archaeology)">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_imagery" title="Satellite imagery">Imagery and mapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_satellite" title="Reconnaissance satellite">Reconnaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_satellite" title="Weather satellite">Weather and environment monitoring</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Communications satellite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Internet_access" title="Satellite Internet access">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_radio" title="Satellite radio">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_phone" title="Satellite phone">Telephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">Television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_navigation" title="Satellite navigation">Satellite navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_use_of_space" title="Commercial use of space">Commercial use of space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_launch_market_competition" title="Space launch market competition">Space launch market competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_architecture" title="Space architecture">Space architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_exploration" title="Space exploration">Space exploration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_research" title="Space research">Space research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_technology" title="Space technology">Space technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_weather" title="Space weather">Space weather</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight" title="Human spaceflight">Human spaceflight</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronaut" title="Astronaut">Astronaut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_astronaut" title="Commercial astronaut">commercial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life-support_system" title="Life-support system">Life-support system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animals_in_space" title="Animals in space">Animals in space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioastronautics" title="Bioastronautics">Bioastronautics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_suit" title="Space suit">Space suit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extravehicular_activity" title="Extravehicular activity">Extravehicular activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overview_effect" title="Overview effect">Overview effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weightlessness" title="Weightlessness">Weightlessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_toilet" title="Space toilet">Space toilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_tourism" title="Space tourism">Space tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_colonization" title="Space colonization">Space colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_diving" title="Space diving">Space diving</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vostok_programme" title="Vostok programme">Vostok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Mercury" title="Project Mercury">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voskhod_programme" title="Voskhod programme">Voskhod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Gemini" title="Project Gemini">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_programme" title="Soyuz programme">Soyuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo%E2%80%93Soyuz" title="Apollo–Soyuz">Apollo–Soyuz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir" title="Mir">Mir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shuttle%E2%80%93Mir_program" title="Shuttle–Mir program">Shuttle–Mir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Manned_Space_Program" title="China Manned Space Program">Shenzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiangong_program" title="Tiangong program">Tiangong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Shepard" title="New Shepard">New Shepard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Health issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Effect_of_spaceflight_on_the_human_body" title="Effect of spaceflight on the human body">Effect of spaceflight on the human body</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_adaptation_syndrome" title="Space adaptation syndrome">Space adaptation syndrome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_threat_from_cosmic_rays" class="mw-redirect" title="Health threat from cosmic rays">Health threat from cosmic rays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_psychology" title="Space psychology">Space psychology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_and_sociological_effects_of_spaceflight" title="Psychological and sociological effects of spaceflight">Psychological and sociological effects</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_and_survival" title="Space and survival">Space and survival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_medicine" title="Space medicine">Space medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_nursing" title="Space nursing">Space nursing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_sexology" title="Space sexology">Space sexology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">Spacecraft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">Launch vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket" title="Rocket">Rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_capsule" title="Space capsule">Space capsule</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_module" title="Orbital module">Orbital module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reentry_capsule" title="Reentry capsule">Reentry capsule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_module" title="Service module">Service module</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaceplane" title="Spaceplane">Spaceplane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robotic_spacecraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Robotic spacecraft">Robotic spacecraft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite">Satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">Space probe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lander_(spacecraft)" title="Lander (spacecraft)">Lander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rover_(space_exploration)" title="Rover (space exploration)">Rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-replicating_spacecraft" title="Self-replicating spacecraft">Self-replicating spacecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_telescope" title="Space telescope">Space telescope</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_propulsion" title="Spacecraft propulsion">Spacecraft propulsion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_engine" title="Rocket engine">Rocket engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_electric_propulsion" title="Spacecraft electric propulsion">Electric propulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_sail" title="Solar sail">Solar sail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_assist" title="Gravity assist">Gravity assist</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Destinations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sub-orbital_spaceflight" title="Sub-orbital spaceflight">Sub-orbital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_spaceflight" title="Orbital spaceflight">Orbital</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geocentric_orbit" title="Geocentric orbit">Geocentric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geosynchronous_orbit" title="Geosynchronous orbit">Geosynchronous</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interplanetary_spaceflight" title="Interplanetary spaceflight">Interplanetary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_travel" title="Interstellar travel">Interstellar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergalactic_travel" title="Intergalactic travel">Intergalactic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_launch" title="Space launch">Space launch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Direct_ascent" title="Direct ascent">Direct ascent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escape_velocity" title="Escape velocity">Escape velocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expendable_launch_system" title="Expendable launch system">Expendable</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reusable_launch_vehicle" title="Reusable launch vehicle">reusable launch systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launch_pad" title="Launch pad">Launch pad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-rocket_spacelaunch" title="Non-rocket spacelaunch">Non-rocket spacelaunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaceport" title="Spaceport">Spaceport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ground_segment" title="Ground segment">Ground segment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flight_controller" title="Flight controller">Flight controller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_station" title="Ground station">Ground station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_pass" title="Orbital pass">Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_control_center" title="Mission control center">Mission control center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight" title="Category:Spaceflight">Category</a></li> <li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="portal-column-left"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 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.portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-unbordered portal-bar-related" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><ul class="portal-bar-content portal-bar-content-related"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/25px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/38px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/50px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/25px-Aviacionavion.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/38px-Aviacionavion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/50px-Aviacionavion.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Aviation" title="Portal:Aviation">Aviation</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Rocktet_icon201001.svg/27px-Rocktet_icon201001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Rocktet_icon201001.svg/41px-Rocktet_icon201001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Rocktet_icon201001.svg/54px-Rocktet_icon201001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="160" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Rocketry" title="Portal:Rocketry">Rocketry</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/25px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/38px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/50px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science">Science</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/20px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/30px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/40px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Solar_System" title="Portal:Solar System">Solar System</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/27px-Earth-moon.jpg" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/41px-Earth-moon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earth-moon.jpg/54px-Earth-moon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Outer_space" title="Portal:Outer space">Outer space</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noun-technology.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/26px-Noun-technology.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/39px-Noun-technology.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/51px-Noun-technology.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="88" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology">Technology</a></li></ul></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3ASpaceflight%2FWikiProjects&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Related_WikiProjects" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Related WikiProjects</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <table style="width:100%;border:solid 0px #FFFFFF;background-color:transparent;text-align:center;padding:0px;padding-top:1em;" cellspacing="0px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:16%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spaceflight" title="WikiProject Spaceflight"><img alt="WikiProject Spaceflight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/50px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/75px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/100px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> </td> <td style="width:16%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation" title="WikiProject Aviation"><img alt="WikiProject Aviation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Avion_silhouette.svg/50px-Avion_silhouette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Avion_silhouette.svg/75px-Avion_silhouette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Avion_silhouette.svg/100px-Avion_silhouette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="700" /></a></span> </td> <td style="width:16%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history" title="WikiProject Military history"><img alt="WikiProject Military history" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/65/Waricon.svg/50px-Waricon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/65/Waricon.svg/75px-Waricon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/65/Waricon.svg/100px-Waricon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="140" /></a></span> </td> <td style="width:16%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Solar_System" title="WikiProject Solar System"><img alt="WikiProject Solar System" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Planets2013.svg/50px-Planets2013.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Planets2013.svg/75px-Planets2013.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Planets2013.svg/100px-Planets2013.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="302" /></a></span> </td> <td style="width:16%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Astronomy" title="WikiProject Astronomy"><img alt="WikiProject Astronomy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/50px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/75px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/100px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:16%"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Spaceflight" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></b> </th> <th style="width:16%"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Aviation" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Aviation">Aviation</a></b> </th> <th style="width:16%"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Military_history" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Military history">Military history</a></b> </th> <th style="width:16%"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Solar_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Solar System">Solar System</a></b> </th> <th style="width:16%"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Astronomy" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Astronomy">Astronomy</a></b> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> </div> <div class="portal-column-right"> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia%3AWikiProject_Spaceflight%2Fto_do&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Things_to_do" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Things to do</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <table style="background:none;color:inherit;width:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e6/Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg/50px-Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e6/Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg/75px-Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e6/Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg/100px-Nuvola_apps_korganizer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span><br /><div style="width: 55px; height: 0px;"></div> </td> <td> <div style="position: relative; left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; z-index: 15;">Here are some tasks awaiting attention: <ul style="font-size: 100%; margin: 0px; padding: 0.3em 0px 0.3em 25px;"> <li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_articles" title="Wikipedia:Requested articles">Article requests</a></i> :</b> <ul> <li> See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_articles/Applied_arts_and_sciences/Engineering#Aeronautical/Aerospace" title="Wikipedia:Requested articles/Applied arts and sciences/Engineering">Wikipedia:Requested articles/Applied arts and sciences/Engineering § Aeronautical/Aerospace</a> </li><li> See <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Requested_articles/Applied_arts_and_sciences/Transport#Rockets_and_spacecraft" title="Wikipedia:Requested articles/Applied arts and sciences/Transport">Wikipedia:Requested articles/Applied arts and sciences/Transport § Rockets and spacecraft</a> </li></ul></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Content_assessment" title="Wikipedia:Content assessment">Assess</a></i> :</b> See <a href="/wiki/Category:Unassessed_spaceflight_articles" title="Category:Unassessed spaceflight articles">Category:Unassessed spaceflight articles</a></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Infoboxes" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Infoboxes">Infobox</a></i> :</b> See <a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight_articles_needing_infoboxes" title="Category:Spaceflight articles needing infoboxes">Category:Spaceflight articles needing infoboxes</a></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">Stubs</a></i> :</b> See <a href="/wiki/Category:Outer_space_stubs" title="Category:Outer space stubs">Category:Outer space stubs</a></li><li><b><i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:As_of" title="Wikipedia:As of">Update</a></i> :</b> <a href="/wiki/2020s_in_spaceflight" title="2020s in spaceflight">2020s in spaceflight</a></li> </ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> </div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal%3ASpaceflight%2FTopics%2FCategories&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Categories" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Categories</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:C_Puzzle.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Category puzzle"><img alt="Category puzzle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/C_Puzzle.png/42px-C_Puzzle.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/C_Puzzle.png/63px-C_Puzzle.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/C_Puzzle.png/84px-C_Puzzle.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>Category puzzle</figcaption></figure> <div style="text-align: center;"><small>Select [►] to view subcategories</small></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <div class="CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":0,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":false,"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Spaceflight" data-ct-loaded="1" aria-expanded="true"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight" title="Category:Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Human_spaceflight" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Human_spaceflight" title="Category:Human spaceflight">Human spaceflight</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="People_associated_with_spaceflight" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:People_associated_with_spaceflight" title="Category:People associated with spaceflight">People associated with spaceflight</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Spaceflight_by_century" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight_by_century" title="Category:Spaceflight by century">Spaceflight by century</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Spaceflight_by_decade" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight_by_decade" title="Category:Spaceflight by decade">Spaceflight by decade</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Spaceflight_by_year" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight_by_year" title="Category:Spaceflight by year">Spaceflight by year</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Space_Age" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_Age" title="Category:Space Age">Space Age</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Space_programs" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_programs" title="Category:Space programs">Space programs</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Spacecraft" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft" title="Category:Spacecraft">Spacecraft</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Works_about_spaceflight" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Works_about_spaceflight" title="Category:Works about spaceflight">Works about spaceflight</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Future_spaceflights" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Future_spaceflights" title="Category:Future spaceflights">Future spaceflights</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Space_advocacy" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_advocacy" title="Category:Space advocacy">Space advocacy</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Aircraft_related_to_spaceflight" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Aircraft_related_to_spaceflight" title="Category:Aircraft related to spaceflight">Aircraft related to spaceflight</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Astrodynamics" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Astrodynamics" title="Category:Astrodynamics">Astrodynamics</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight_between_space_stations" title="Category:Spaceflight between space stations">Spaceflight between space stations</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeEmptyBullet"></span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Celebrations_of_spaceflight" title="Category:Celebrations of spaceflight">Celebrations of spaceflight</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Spaceflight_concepts" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight_concepts" title="Category:Spaceflight concepts">Spaceflight concepts</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Space_debris" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_debris" title="Category:Space debris">Space debris</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Spaceflight_ground_equipment" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight_ground_equipment" title="Category:Spaceflight ground equipment">Spaceflight ground equipment</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Flight_abort" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Flight_abort" title="Category:Flight abort">Flight abort</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Flybys" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Flybys" title="Category:Flybys">Flybys</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="History_of_spaceflight" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_spaceflight" title="Category:History of spaceflight">History of spaceflight</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Interstellar_travel" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Interstellar_travel" title="Category:Interstellar travel">Interstellar travel</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Space-flown_life" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Space-flown_life" title="Category:Space-flown life">Space-flown life</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Space_organizations" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_organizations" title="Category:Space organizations">Space organizations</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Private_spaceflight" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Private_spaceflight" title="Category:Private spaceflight">Private spaceflight</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Rocket_launches" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Rocket_launches" title="Category:Rocket launches">Rocket launches</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Sample_return_missions" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sample_return_missions" title="Category:Sample return missions">Sample return missions</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Suborbital_spaceflight" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Suborbital_spaceflight" title="Category:Suborbital spaceflight">Suborbital spaceflight</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Spaceflight_technology" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spaceflight_technology" title="Category:Spaceflight technology">Spaceflight technology</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Test_spaceflights" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Test_spaceflights" title="Category:Test spaceflights">Test spaceflights</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Space_traffic_management" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_traffic_management" title="Category:Space traffic management">Space traffic management</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div></div></div> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <div class="box-header-title-container flex-columns-noflex" style="clear:both;color:white;margin-bottom:0px;border:solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center;font-size:100%;background:#000000;font-family:sans-serif;padding:.1em;border-width:1px 1px 0;padding-top:.1em;padding-left:.1em;padding-right:.1em;padding-bottom:.1em;moz-border-radius:0;webkit-border-radius:0;border-radius:0"><div class="plainlinks noprint" style="float:right;margin-bottom:.1em;color:white;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3AWikimedia_for_portals&action=edit"><span style="color:white">edit</span></a> </div><h2 id="Associated_Wikimedia" style="font-weight:bold;padding:0;margin:0;color:white;font-family:sans-serif;border:none;font-size:100%;padding-bottom:.1em">Associated Wikimedia</h2></div><div style="color:#000000;opacity:1;border:1px solid grey;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:left;padding:1em;background:#f9f9ff;margin:0 0 10px;vertical-align:top;border-top-width:1px;padding-top:.3em;border-radius:0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239335380">.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li{display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li span{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px 4px}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div:first-child{text-align:center}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-light{display:none}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark{display:inline}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark{display:inline}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-light{display:none}}@media(min-width:360px){.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li{width:33%;min-width:20em;white-space:nowrap;flex:1 0 25%}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div:first-child{min-width:50px}}</style> <p>The following <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> sister projects provide more on this subject: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul id="sister-projects-list"> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Category:Spaceflight"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/47px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/62px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Category:Spaceflight" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/Category:Spaceflight">Commons</a></span><br />Free media repository</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/35px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/53px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/70px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Special:Search/Spaceflight">Wikibooks</a></span><br />Free textbooks and manuals</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/47px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="47" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/71px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/94px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div> <div><span><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Special:Search/Spaceflight">Wikidata</a></span><br />Free knowledge base</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/51px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="51" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/77px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/102px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Special:Search/Spaceflight">Wikinews</a></span><br />Free-content news</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/53px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/70px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Spaceflight">Wikiquote</a></span><br />Collection of quotations</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/35px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/53px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/70px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Spaceflight">Wikisource</a></span><br />Free-content library</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="41" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/62px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/82px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight" class="extiw" title="wikiversity:Special:Search/Spaceflight">Wikiversity</a></span><br />Free learning tools</div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/35px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/53px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/70px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Spaceflight" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/Spaceflight">Wiktionary</a></span><br />Dictionary and thesaurus</div> </li> </ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239335380"> <div class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><b>Discover Wikipedia using <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal" title="Wikipedia:Portal">portals</a></b></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul id="sister-projects-list"> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg/35px-Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg/53px-Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg/70px-Lorentzian_Wormhole.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">List of all portals</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/35px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/53px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/70px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:The_arts" title="Portal:The arts">The arts portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/35px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/53px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/70px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/35px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/53px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/70px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Portal:Current events">Current events portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="globe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/35px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/53px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/70px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/35px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/53px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/70px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="square root of x" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg/35px-Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg/53px-Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg/70px-Nuvola_apps_edu_mathematics_blue-p.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mathematics" title="Portal:Mathematics">Mathematics portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/35px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/53px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/70px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science">Science portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Social_sciences.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/35px-Social_sciences.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/53px-Social_sciences.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Social_sciences.svg/70px-Social_sciences.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="122" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Society" title="Portal:Society">Society portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noun-technology.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/35px-Noun-technology.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/53px-Noun-technology.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/70px-Noun-technology.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="88" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div><span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology">Technology portal</a></span></div> </li> <li> <div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Random_font_awesome.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Random_font_awesome.svg/35px-Random_font_awesome.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" 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