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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Romano%27s_star&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Romano's star">Romano's star</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Star in the constellation Taurus</div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 22em; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em"> <caption style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold">Romano's Star </caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="text-align: center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Romano%27s_Star_in_M33.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Romano%27s_Star_in_M33.jpg/320px-Romano%27s_Star_in_M33.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Romano%27s_Star_in_M33.jpg/480px-Romano%27s_Star_in_M33.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Romano%27s_Star_in_M33.jpg/640px-Romano%27s_Star_in_M33.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3355" /></a></span><br />Location of Romano's Star (below centre, circled)</div></td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: center; background-color: #FFFFC0;" colspan="2">Observation data<br /><a href="/wiki/Epoch_(astronomy)" title="Epoch (astronomy)">Epoch</a> J2000.0      <a href="/wiki/Equinox_(celestial_coordinates)" title="Equinox (celestial coordinates)">Equinox</a> J2000.0 </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellation</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Triangulum" title="Triangulum">Triangulum</a> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Right_ascension" title="Right ascension">Right ascension</a></span> </th> <td><span class="nowrap">01<sup>h</sup> 35<sup>m</sup> 09.712<sup>s</sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-2mass_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2mass-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Declination" title="Declination">Declination</a> </th> <td>+30° 41′ 56.55″<sup id="cite_ref-2mass_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2mass-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">Apparent magnitude</a> (V)</span> </th> <td>16.5–18.8<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Characteristics </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_evolution" title="Stellar evolution">Evolutionary stage</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Wolf%E2%80%93Rayet_star" title="Wolf–Rayet star">WR</a><sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">Spectral type</a> </th> <td>WN8h–WN11h<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left">B−V <a href="/wiki/Color_index" title="Color index">color index</a> </th> <td>−0.1<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top"> <th style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Variable_star" title="Variable star">Variable type</a> </th> <td>LBV<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr><th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Astrometry" title="Astrometry">Astrometry</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align: center"></th></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Distance_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Distance (astronomy)">Distance</a></b></td><td>847,000<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">pc</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Absolute_magnitude" title="Absolute magnitude">Absolute magnitude</a> (M<sub>V</sub>)</b></td><td>−7.4 (variable)<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro2003_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align: center"></th></tr> <tr><th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Details</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Minimum</th></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Radius" title="Radius">Radius</a></b></td><td>23–27<sup id="cite_ref-maryeva_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maryeva-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_radius" title="Solar radius"><var>R</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Luminosity" title="Luminosity">Luminosity</a></b></td><td>310,000–370,000<sup id="cite_ref-maryeva_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maryeva-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_luminosity" title="Solar luminosity"><var>L</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Effective_temperature" title="Effective temperature">Temperature</a></b></td><td>27,000–33,000<sup id="cite_ref-maryeva_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maryeva-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Maximum</th></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Radius" title="Radius">Radius</a></b></td><td>61<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_radius" title="Solar radius"><var>R</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b>Luminosity</b></td><td>1.05 million<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Solar_luminosity" title="Solar luminosity"><var>L</var><sub>☉</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Effective_temperature" title="Effective temperature">Temperature</a></b></td><td>23,500<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:baseline;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/Star#Age_and_size_of_stars" title="Star">Age</a></b></td><td>4<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Megayear" class="mw-redirect" title="Megayear">Myr</a></td></tr> <tr><th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Star_catalogue" title="Star catalogue">Other designations</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 250px;"> GR 290, <a href="/wiki/2MASS" title="2MASS">2MASS</a> J01350971+3041565, <a href="/wiki/Messier_33" class="mw-redirect" title="Messier 33">M33</a> V532 </div></td></tr> <tr><th style="background-color: #FFFFC0; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Database references</th></tr><tr style="vertical-align: top;"><td><b><a href="/wiki/SIMBAD" title="SIMBAD">SIMBAD</a></b></td><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=SV*+GR+290">data</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Romano's Star</b> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span></span>/</a></span></span> (<b>GR 290</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Luminous_blue_variable" title="Luminous blue variable">luminous blue variable</a> <a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">star</a> located in the <a href="/wiki/Messier_33" class="mw-redirect" title="Messier 33">Messier 33</a> <a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">galaxy</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Triangulum" title="Triangulum">Triangulum</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discovery">Discovery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romano%27s_Star&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Discovery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Discovered by Giuliano Romano (whom it was named after),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Romano's Star was first reported as one of eleven new variable stars in the Triangulum Galaxy. These were numbered from GR 282 to GR 292. GR 290 was described as a <a href="/wiki/Hubble%E2%80%93Sandage_variable" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubble–Sandage variable">Hubble–Sandage variable</a>, more commonly known now as a <a href="/wiki/Luminous_blue_variable" title="Luminous blue variable">luminous blue variable</a> (LBV). It was described as varying from photographic magnitude 16.5 to 17.8. The other ten stars were relatively common stars in our own galaxy, but the highly luminous GR 290 was a member of the M33 galaxy and came to be called Romano's Star.<sup id="cite_ref-ibvs_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ibvs-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A detailed follow-up study of the new rare type of variable showed that it was 17' from the centre of M33, on the outskirts of the galaxy near one of the spiral arms. On the photographic plates taken between 1960 and 1977, the star is seen to vary irregularly between photographic magnitude 16.5 and 17.8, with quiescent periods in 1960–1961 and 1974 onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-romano1978_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-romano1978-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A spectroscopic study near minimum brightness in 2003 confirmed the LBV nature of Romano's Star and showed that the spectral type was <a href="/wiki/Wolf%E2%80%93Rayet_star" title="Wolf–Rayet star">Of/WN</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro2003_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is listed in the Extragalactic Variable Stars catalogue as M33 V532.<sup id="cite_ref-gcvs_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gcvs-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variability">Variability</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romano%27s_Star&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Variability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GR290LightCurve.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/GR290LightCurve.png/220px-GR290LightCurve.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/GR290LightCurve.png/330px-GR290LightCurve.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/GR290LightCurve.png/440px-GR290LightCurve.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="975" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Photometric_system#Photometric_letters" title="Photometric system">blue band</a> <a href="/wiki/Light_curve" title="Light curve">light curve</a> for GR 290, adapted from Polcaro <i>et al.</i> (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Analysis of historical records show that Romano's Star was likely quiescent from 1900 until five outbursts occurred between 1960 and 2010. The brightness is not constant during maximum but shows variations on a timescale of months. The third of the five outbursts was the brightest, peaking at magnitude 16.5.<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The minimum brightness in 2014 was the faintest ever recorded at below magnitude 18.7 and the star remained faint into 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-maryeva_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maryeva-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-calabresi_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-calabresi-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been suggested that the sequence of outbursts is now complete.<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spectrum">Spectrum</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romano%27s_Star&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Spectrum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The spectrum of GR 290 shows prominent <a href="/wiki/Emission_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Emission line">emission lines</a> of hydrogen and atomic helium, along with a broad complex of ionised nitrogen emission lines and weak ionised helium emission. There are also some faint absorption lines attributed to interstellar material, and some forbidden emission lines. C<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r920966791">.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps{font-variant:small-caps}.mw-parser-output span.smallcaps-smaller{font-size:85%}</style><span class="smallcaps">iii</span> is detectable but much weaker than the nitrogen lines.<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro2003_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro2003-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spectral type of Romano's Star is that of a <a href="/wiki/Wolf%E2%80%93Rayet_star" title="Wolf–Rayet star">Wolf–Rayet star</a> on the nitrogen sequence, but also with hydrogen. It varies in phase with the brightness changes, from WN8h–9h at minimum brightness to WN10h–11h at maximum. Although the spectral type changes, the colour of the star remains roughly constant, as measured by the B–V and U–B colour indices.<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Properties">Properties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romano%27s_Star&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Properties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Effective_temperature" title="Effective temperature">effective temperature</a> of Romano's Star changes from about <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004330000000000000♠"></span>33,000 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a></span> at minimum brightness to about <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7004235000000000000♠"></span>23,500 K</span> at maximum brightness. The radius also changes from about 22.5 <var>R</var><sub>☉</sub> at minimum to 61 <var>R</var><sub>☉</sub> at maximum, so that the star is much larger and cooler when it is visually brightest. Typical behaviour for an LBV during these outbursts is for the <a href="/wiki/Bolometric_luminosity" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolometric luminosity">bolometric luminosity</a> to stay approximately constant, but Romano's Star is one of several that have been shown to significantly change their luminosity. The luminosity increases from around 500,000 <var>L</var><sub>☉</sub> at minimum to over a million <var>L</var><sub>☉</sub> at maximum.<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Romano's Star is estimated to have a progenitor mass over 40 <var>M</var><sub>☉</sub> and to be losing mass at a rate of 1 <var>M</var><sub>☉</sub> every 25,000–50,000 years. The mass loss is highest when the star is largest and brightest.<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romano%27s_Star&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although Romano's Star has a Wolf–Rayet spectrum, it is not a classical <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a>-free Wolf–Rayet star. It still shows about 70% more hydrogen than <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a> at the surface. It is estimated to be only four million years old and has not yet lost all of its outer envelope of hydrogen. Modelling the evolution of massive stars suggests that Romano's Star started as a 60 <var>M</var><sub>☉</sub> star, has experienced a relatively brief LBV stage after it left the <a href="/wiki/Main_sequence" title="Main sequence">main sequence</a>, and is now losing the last of its hydrogen before becoming a more conventional Wolf–Rayet star.<sup id="cite_ref-polcaro_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-polcaro-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romano%27s_Star&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2mass-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2mass_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2mass_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCutriSkrutskieVan_DykBeichman2003" class="citation journal cs1">Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Beichman, Charles A.; Carpenter, John M.; Chester, Thomas; Cambresy, Laurent; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Huchra, John P.; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Kirkpatrick, J. 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.navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Constellation_of_Triangulum" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Triangulum" title="Template:Triangulum"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Triangulum" title="Template talk:Triangulum"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Triangulum" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Triangulum"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Constellation_of_Triangulum" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Triangulum_(constellation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Triangulum (constellation)">Constellation of Triangulum</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stars_in_Triangulum" title="List of stars in Triangulum">List of stars in Triangulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangulum_in_Chinese_astronomy" title="Triangulum in Chinese astronomy">Triangulum in Chinese astronomy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:55px"><a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">Stars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Bayer_designation" title="Bayer designation">Bayer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Trianguli" title="Alpha Trianguli">α (Mothallah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beta_Trianguli" title="Beta Trianguli">β</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_Trianguli" title="Gamma Trianguli">γ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_Trianguli" title="Delta Trianguli">δ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_Trianguli" title="Epsilon Trianguli">ε</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iota_Trianguli" title="Iota Trianguli">ι</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Flamsteed_designation" title="Flamsteed designation">Flamsteed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_Trianguli" title="1 Trianguli">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_Trianguli" title="5 Trianguli">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_Trianguli" title="7 Trianguli">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_Trianguli" title="10 Trianguli">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_Trianguli" title="11 Trianguli">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_Trianguli" title="12 Trianguli">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13_Trianguli" title="13 Trianguli">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14_Trianguli" title="14 Trianguli">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15_Trianguli" title="15 Trianguli">15</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Variable_star_designation" class="mw-redirect" title="Variable star designation">Variable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R_Trianguli" title="R Trianguli">R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V_Trianguli" class="mw-redirect" title="V Trianguli">V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X_Trianguli" class="mw-redirect" title="X Trianguli">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RW_Trianguli" class="mw-redirect" title="RW Trianguli">RW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XX_Trianguli" title="XX Trianguli">XX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Bright_Star_Catalogue" title="Bright Star Catalogue">HR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HD_10390" title="HD 10390">490</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_11007" title="HD 11007">523</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_11928" title="HD 11928">564</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Draper_Catalogue" title="Henry Draper Catalogue">HD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HD_9446" title="HD 9446">9446</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_13189" title="HD 13189">13189</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B324" title="B324">B324</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAT-P-38" title="HAT-P-38">HAT-P-38 (Horna)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSPM_J0207%2B3331" title="LSPM J0207+3331">LSPM J0207+3331</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M33-013406.63" title="M33-013406.63">M33-013406.63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M33_X-7" title="M33 X-7">M33 X-7</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Romano's Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_19" title="Ross 19">Ross 19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Var_83" title="Var 83">Var 83</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Exoplanets" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:151px;background: #ddddff;"><a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">Exoplanets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HAT-P-38b" title="HAT-P-38b">HAT-P-38b (Hiisi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_9446_b" class="mw-redirect" title="HD 9446 b">HD 9446 b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_9446_c" class="mw-redirect" title="HD 9446 c">c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HD_13189_b" class="mw-redirect" title="HD 13189 b">HD 13189 b</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Nebulae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:151px;background: #ddddff;"><a href="/wiki/Nebula" title="Nebula">Nebulae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NGC_588" title="NGC 588">588</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_595" title="NGC 595">595</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_604" title="NGC 604">604</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:55px"><a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">Galaxies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px"><a href="/wiki/New_General_Catalogue" title="New General Catalogue">NGC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triangulum_Galaxy" title="Triangulum Galaxy">Triangulum Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_608" title="NGC 608">608</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_634" title="NGC 634">634</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_669" title="NGC 669">669</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_670" title="NGC 670">670</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_672" title="NGC 672">672</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_684" title="NGC 684">684</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_688" title="NGC 688">688</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_735" title="NGC 735">735</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_736" title="NGC 736">736</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_739" title="NGC 739">739</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_740" title="NGC 740">740</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_750" title="NGC 750">750</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_751" title="NGC 751">751</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_769" title="NGC 769">769</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_777" title="NGC 777">777</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_784" title="NGC 784">784</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_804" title="NGC 804">804</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_805" title="NGC 805">805</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_819" title="NGC 819">819</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_855" title="NGC 855">855</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_860" title="NGC 860">860</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_861" title="NGC 861">861</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_890" title="NGC 890">890</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_925" title="NGC 925">925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_931" title="NGC 931">931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_940" title="NGC 940">940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_941" title="NGC 941">941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_953" title="NGC 953">953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_959" title="NGC 959">959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_970" title="NGC 970">970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_973" title="NGC 973">973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NGC_1060" title="NGC 1060">1060</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Numbered</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triangulum_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Triangulum I">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangulum_II" title="Triangulum II">II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arp_166" title="Arp 166">Arp 166</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD1" title="RD1">RD1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Triangulum" title="Category:Triangulum">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romano%27s_Star&oldid=1188052491">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Romano%27s_Star&oldid=1188052491</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Stars_in_the_Triangulum_Galaxy" title="Category:Stars in the Triangulum Galaxy">Stars in the Triangulum Galaxy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Luminous_blue_variables" title="Category:Luminous blue variables">Luminous blue variables</a></li><li><a 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