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class="mw-page-title-main">Horace M. Towner</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician and governor of Puerto Rico</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Horace Mann Towner</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:TOWNER,_HORACE_M._HONORABLE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/TOWNER%2C_HORACE_M._HONORABLE.jpg/220px-TOWNER%2C_HORACE_M._HONORABLE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/TOWNER%2C_HORACE_M._HONORABLE.jpg/330px-TOWNER%2C_HORACE_M._HONORABLE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/TOWNER%2C_HORACE_M._HONORABLE.jpg/440px-TOWNER%2C_HORACE_M._HONORABLE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8139" data-file-height="10110" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">Governor of Puerto Rico</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />April 1, 1923 – September 29, 1929</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Bernardo_Huyke" title="Juan Bernardo Huyke">Juan Bernardo Huyke</a> (acting)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_R._Beverley" title="James R. Beverley">James R. Beverley</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from Iowa's <a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 8th congressional district">8th</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1911 – April 1, 1923</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Darius_Jamieson" title="William Darius Jamieson">William Darius Jamieson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Kinsman_Evans" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiram Kinsman Evans">Hiram Kinsman Evans</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1855-10-23</span>)</span>October 23, 1855<br /><a href="/wiki/Belvidere,_Illinois" title="Belvidere, Illinois">Belvidere, Illinois</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">November 23, 1937<span style="display:none">(1937-11-23)</span> (aged 82)<br /><a href="/wiki/Corning,_Iowa" title="Corning, Iowa">Corning, Iowa</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Union_College_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College of Law">Union College of Law</a> (<a href="/wiki/LLB" class="mw-redirect" title="LLB">LLB</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Horace Mann Towner</b> (October 23, 1855 – November 23, 1937) was an American politician who served as a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 8th congressional district">Iowa's 8th congressional district</a> and appointed the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">governor of Puerto Rico</a>. In an era in which the federal government's role in health and education was small, he was an early leader of efforts to expand that role. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_M._Towner&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Towner was born in <a href="/wiki/Belvidere,_Illinois" title="Belvidere, Illinois">Belvidere, Illinois</a>, the son of John and Keziah Towner. He was educated in the public schools at Belvidere, at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a>, and at the <a href="/wiki/Union_College_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Union College of Law">Union College of Law</a> (now the <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University_Pritzker_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law">Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_M._Towner&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Towner was admitted to the bar in 1877, and initially practiced law in <a href="/wiki/Prescott,_Iowa" title="Prescott, Iowa">Prescott, Iowa</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Adams_County,_Iowa" title="Adams County, Iowa">Adams County</a>. In 1880, he was elected county superintendent of schools at <a href="/wiki/Corning,_Iowa" title="Corning, Iowa">Corning, Iowa</a>, in which capacity he served until 1884. He resumed the practice of law in Corning. In 1887 he married Harriet Elizabeth Cole, at Corning. They had three children, Leta, Horace, and Constance. </p><p>In 1890, he was elected as a judge of the third judicial district of Iowa. He also served as a lecturer on constitutional law at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Iowa" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a> from 1902 to 1911. </p><p>He was also a pianist and a composer, who set to music "Iowa, Beautiful Land", once Iowa's official song.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="U.S._Congress">U.S. Congress</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_M._Towner&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: U.S. Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1910 Towner ran successfully as a Republican to succeed retiring Democrat <a href="/wiki/William_Darius_Jamieson" title="William Darius Jamieson">William Darius Jamieson</a> representing Iowa's 8th congressional district in the U.S. House. He was re-elected five times. From 1919 to 1923, he was served as the House <a href="/wiki/Republican_Conference_Chairman_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Conference Chairman of the United States House of Representatives">Republican Conference Chairman</a>. </p><p>He was the co-author (with Texas Senator <a href="/wiki/Morris_Sheppard" title="Morris Sheppard">Morris Sheppard</a>) of the first federal law to offer matching federal funds for social welfare or to offer grants-in-aid to states for health purposes. That law, known as the <a href="/wiki/Maternity_and_Infant_Care_Act_(Sheppard-Towner_Act)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maternity and Infant Care Act (Sheppard-Towner Act)">Sheppard-Towner Act or the Maternity and Infant Act</a>, was designed to lower the United States' relatively high rates of infant mortality, and established maternal and child health services in each state. First offered in 1919, it passed in 1921. Although the program it created was chronically underfunded after passage and was allowed to expire in 1929, it paved the way for many similar state-federal social welfare programs in the <a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a> era and thereafter.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Towner was also the co-sponsor of the Towner-Sterling bill, which would have created a cabinet-level department of education.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It failed to pass during his tenure in the House, and over fifty years would pass before its objective would be fully <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Education">realized</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governor_of_Puerto_Rico">Governor of Puerto Rico</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_M._Towner&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Governor of Puerto Rico"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During his congressional tenure, Towner served as chairman of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Insular_Affairs" title="United States House Committee on Insular Affairs">United States House Committee on Insular Affairs</a>, a committee with oversight responsibility over protectorates and territories. In early-1923, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Warren G. Harding</a> appointed Towner <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">Governor of Puerto Rico</a>, a post he held until September 29, 1929. His tenure was characterized by the construction several public works projects, such as the system of aqueducts in various sectors, the irrigation system in <a href="/wiki/Isabela,_Puerto_Rico" title="Isabela, Puerto Rico">Isabela</a>, the School of Tropical Medicine building in <a href="/wiki/Puerta_de_Tierra,_Puerto_Rico" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerta de Tierra, Puerto Rico">Puerta de Tierra</a>, and the penitentiary.<sup id="cite_ref-pr_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pr-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also implemented a retirement law for public employees and a new tax law.<sup id="cite_ref-pr_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pr-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_M._Towner&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Towner resumed the practice of law in Corning until his death on November 23, 1937. He was interred in Walnut Grove Cemetery. </p><p>He is the namesake of Horace Mann Towner Primary Schools in <a href="/wiki/Comer%C3%ADo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Comerío, Puerto Rico">Comerío, Puerto Rico</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cata%C3%B1o,_Puerto_Rico" title="Cataño, Puerto Rico">Cataño, Puerto Rico</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Horace_M._Towner&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Horace_Mann_Towner" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Horace Mann Towner">Horace Mann Towner</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"H.M. Towner Died Tuesday", <i>Adams County Free Press</i>, 1937-11-25 at p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Schlesinger, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1227452/">"The Sheppard-Towner Era: A Prototype Case Study in State-Federal Relationships"</a>, 57 <i>American Journal of Public Health</i> 1034 (1967).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081222155245/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,846445,00.html?iid=digg_share">"A New Department"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>, March 10, 1923.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pr-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pr_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pr_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciclopediapr.org/ing/article.cfm?ref=08100101">"Chronology of U.S. Governor (1898-1946)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100616043852/http://enciclopediapr.org/ing/article.cfm?ref=08100101">Archived</a> 2010-06-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Puerto Rico Encyclopedia</i> (accessed 2009-01-25).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Darius_Jamieson" title="William Darius Jamieson">William Darius Jamieson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="Iowa08 !"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 8th congressional district">Iowa's 8th congressional district</a></span> </b><br />1911–1923 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Kinsman_Evans" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiram Kinsman Evans">Hiram Kinsman Evans</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Bernardo_Huyke" title="Juan Bernardo Huyke">Juan Bernardo Huyke</a><br /><i>(Acting)</i></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">Governor of Puerto Rico</a> </b><br />April 1, 1923 – September 29, 1929 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_R._Beverley" title="James R. 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id="Republican_Conference_chairs_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">Republican Conference chairs of the United States House of Representatives</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Justin_S._Morrill" title="Justin S. Morrill">Morrill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Schenck" title="Robert C. Schenck">Schenck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_P._Banks" title="Nathaniel P. Banks">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Blair" title="Austin Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Maynard" title="Horace Maynard">Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Robeson" title="George M. Robeson">Robeson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Henderson_(politician)" title="Thomas J. Henderson (politician)">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Grosvenor" title="Charles H. Grosvenor">Grosvenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Peters_Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Peters Hepburn">Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Dunklee_Currier" class="mw-redirect" title="Frank Dunklee Currier">Currier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Greene" title="William S. Greene">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">Towner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Anderson" title="Sydney Anderson">S. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_C._Hawley" title="Willis C. Hawley">Hawley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Luce" title="Robert Luce">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_R._Lehlbach" title="Frederick R. Lehlbach">Lehlbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_O._Woodruff" title="Roy O. Woodruff">Woodruff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifford_R._Hope" title="Clifford R. Hope">Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Hoeven" title="Charles B. Hoeven">Hoeven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melvin_Laird" title="Melvin Laird">Laird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Anderson" title="John B. Anderson">J. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Devine" title="Samuel L. Devine">Devine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp">Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">D. Cheney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lewis_(California_politician)" title="Jerry Lewis (California politician)">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">Armey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">Boehner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._C._Watts" title="J. C. Watts">Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Pryce" title="Deborah Pryce">Pryce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Putnam" title="Adam Putnam">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">Hensarling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathy_McMorris_Rodgers" title="Cathy McMorris Rodgers">McMorris Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liz_Cheney" title="Liz Cheney">L. Cheney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elise_Stefanik" title="Elise Stefanik">Stefanik</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States House of Representatives"><img alt="Seal of the United States House of Representatives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Iowa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="Template:United States representatives from Iowa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="Template talk:United States representatives from Iowa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States representatives from Iowa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_U.S._House_of_Representatives_from_Iowa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Iowa#United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States congressional delegations from Iowa">Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Iowa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_1st_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 1st congressional district">1st</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Thompson_(Iowa_politician)" title="William Thompson (Iowa politician)">W. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_F._Miller" title="Daniel F. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhart_Henn" title="Bernhart Henn">Henn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Hall" title="Augustus Hall">A. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ryan_Curtis" title="Samuel Ryan Curtis">S. Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Wilson" title="James F. Wilson">J. F. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Champlin_Stone" title="Joseph Champlin Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_A._McCoid" title="Moses A. McCoid">McCoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_Jay_Hall" title="Benton Jay Hall">B. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Gear" title="John H. Gear">Gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_Seerley" class="mw-redirect" title="John Joseph Seerley">Seerley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Gear" title="John H. Gear">Gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_M._Clark" title="Samuel M. Clark">S. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hedge" title="Thomas Hedge">Hedge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Kennedy" title="Charles A. Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Kopp" title="William F. Kopp">Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Eicher" title="Edward C. Eicher">Eicher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Martin" title="Thomas E. Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Schwengel" title="Fred Schwengel">Schwengel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Schmidhauser" title="John R. Schmidhauser">Schmidhauser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Schwengel" title="Fred Schwengel">Schwengel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Mezvinsky" title="Edward Mezvinsky">Mezvinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Leach" title="Jim Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nussle" title="Jim Nussle">Nussle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Braley" title="Bruce Braley">Braley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Blum" title="Rod Blum">Blum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abby_Finkenauer" title="Abby Finkenauer">Finkenauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Hinson" title="Ashley Hinson">Hinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariannette_Miller-Meeks" title="Mariannette Miller-Meeks">Miller-Meeks</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/100px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/150px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Iowa.svg/200px-Flag_of_Iowa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="477" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_2nd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 2nd congressional district">2nd</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Leffler" title="Shepherd Leffler">Leffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Clark" title="Lincoln Clark">L. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Parsons_Cook" title="John Parsons Cook">J. P. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Thorington" title="James Thorington">Thorington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Davis_(Iowa_politician)" title="Timothy Davis (Iowa politician)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Vandever" title="William Vandever">Vandever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Price" title="Hiram Price">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smyth_(congressman)" title="William Smyth (congressman)">Smyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Wolf" title="William P. Wolf">W. Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aylett_R._Cotton" title="Aylett R. Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Q._Tufts" title="John Q. Tufts">Tufts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Price" title="Hiram Price">Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewall_S._Farwell" title="Sewall S. Farwell">Farwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Henry_Murphy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeremiah Henry Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_I._Hayes" title="Walter I. Hayes">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Curtis_(Iowa_politician)" title="George M. Curtis (Iowa politician)">G. Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Lane" title="Joseph R. Lane">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_N._W._Rumple" title="John N. W. Rumple">Rumple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Joseph_Wade" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin Joseph Wade">Wade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_F._Dawson" title="Albert F. Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irvin_S._Pepper" title="Irvin S. Pepper">Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vollmer" title="Henry Vollmer">Vollmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Hull" title="Harry E. Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Dickinson_Letts" title="F. Dickinson Letts">Letts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_M._Jacobsen" title="Bernhard M. Jacobsen">B. Jacobsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Jacobsen" title="William S. Jacobsen">W. Jacobsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_O._Talle" title="Henry O. Talle">Talle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_G._Wolf" title="Leonard G. Wolf">L. Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Bromwell" title="James E. Bromwell">Bromwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Culver" title="John Culver">Culver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Blouin" title="Mike Blouin">Blouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tauke" title="Tom Tauke">Tauke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nussle" title="Jim Nussle">Nussle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Leach" title="Jim Leach">Leach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Loebsack" title="Dave Loebsack">Loebsack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariannette_Miller-Meeks" title="Mariannette Miller-Meeks">Miller-Meeks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Hinson" title="Ashley Hinson">Hinson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 3rd congressional district">3rd</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Allison" title="William B. Allison">Allison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_G._Donnan" title="William G. Donnan">Donnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Lester_Ainsworth" title="Lucien Lester Ainsworth">Ainsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Weld_Burdick" title="Theodore Weld Burdick">Burdick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Updegraff" title="Thomas Updegraff">Updegraff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Henderson" title="David B. Henderson">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_P._Birdsall" title="Benjamin P. Birdsall">Birdsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Pickett" title="Charles E. Pickett">Pickett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Connolly" title="Maurice Connolly">Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_E._Sweet" title="Burton E. Sweet">Sweet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._B._Robinson" title="Thomas J. B. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_C._Willford" title="Albert C. Willford">Willford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Gwynne" title="John W. Gwynne">Gwynne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._R._Gross" title="H. R. Gross">Gross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Grassley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Cooper_Evans" title="T. Cooper Evans">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Nagle" title="David R. Nagle">Nagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ross_Lightfoot" title="Jim Ross Lightfoot">Lightfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Boswell" title="Leonard Boswell">Boswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Young_(Iowa_politician)" title="David Young (Iowa politician)">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cindy_Axne" title="Cindy Axne">Axne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zach_Nunn" title="Zach Nunn">Nunn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 4th congressional district">4th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Bushnell_Grinnell" class="mw-redirect" title="Josiah Bushnell Grinnell">Grinnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Loughridge" title="William Loughridge">Loughridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Miner_Walden" title="Madison Miner Walden">Walden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Otis_Pratt" title="Henry Otis Pratt">Pratt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Cobb_Deering" title="Nathaniel Cobb Deering">Deering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luman_Hamlin_Weller" title="Luman Hamlin Weller">Weller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Fuller" title="William E. Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Henry_Sweney" title="Joseph Henry Sweney">Sweney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Halben_Butler" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Halben Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Updegraff" title="Thomas Updegraff">Updegraff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">Haugen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Biermann" title="Fred Biermann">Biermann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_O._Talle" title="Henry O. Talle">Talle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_M._LeCompte" title="Karl M. LeCompte">LeCompte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_V._Carter" title="Steven V. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Kyl" title="John Henry Kyl">Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Bandstra" title="Bert Bandstra">Bandstra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Kyl" title="John Henry Kyl">Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Smith_(politician)" title="Neal Smith (politician)">N. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Ganske" title="Greg Ganske">Ganske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_King" title="Steve King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Feenstra" title="Randy Feenstra">Feenstra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_5th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 5th congressional district">5th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">Kasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenville_M._Dodge" title="Grenville M. Dodge">G. Dodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_W._Palmer" title="Francis W. Palmer">Palmer </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Secretary_of_Agriculture)" title="James Wilson (Secretary of Agriculture)">J. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Clark" title="Rush Clark">R. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_George_Thompson" title="William George Thompson">W. G. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wilson_(Secretary_of_Agriculture)" title="James Wilson (Secretary of Agriculture)">J. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_T._Frederick" title="Benjamin T. Frederick">Frederick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kerr_(politician)" title="Daniel Kerr (politician)">Kerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_Hamilton" title="John Taylor Hamilton">J. Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Cousins" title="Robert G. Cousins">Cousins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrenus_Cole" title="Cyrenus Cole">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Thurston" title="Lloyd Thurston">Thurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_M._LeCompte" title="Karl M. LeCompte">LeCompte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Cunningham_(politician)" title="Paul Cunningham (politician)">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_Smith_(politician)" title="Neal Smith (politician)">N. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Scherle" title="William J. Scherle">Scherle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Harkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ross_Lightfoot" title="Jim Ross Lightfoot">Lightfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Grandy" title="Fred Grandy">Grandy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Latham_(politician)" title="Tom Latham (politician)">Latham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_King" title="Steve King">King</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 6th congressional district">6th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahel_W._Hubbard" title="Asahel W. Hubbard">A. Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Pomeroy" title="Charles Pomeroy">Pomeroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Orr" title="Jackson Orr">Orr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Loughridge" title="William Loughridge">Loughridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_S._Sampson" title="Ezekiel S. Sampson">Sampson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Weaver" title="James B. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsena_E._Cutts" title="Marsena E. Cutts">Cutts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Cook" title="John C. Cook">J. C. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsena_E._Cutts" title="Marsena E. Cutts">Cutts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Cook" title="John C. Cook">J. C. Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Weaver" title="James B. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Lacey" title="John F. Lacey">Lacey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Edward_White" title="Frederick Edward White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Lacey" title="John F. Lacey">Lacey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_W._Hamilton_(politician)" title="Daniel W. Hamilton (politician)">D. Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_E._Kendall" title="Nathan E. Kendall">Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Kirkpatrick" title="Sanford Kirkpatrick">Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._William_Ramseyer" title="C. William Ramseyer">Ramseyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">Dowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Utterback" title="Hubert Utterback">Utterback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">Dowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_K._Goodwin" title="Robert K. Goodwin">Goodwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Cunningham_(politician)" title="Paul Cunningham (politician)">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_C._Gilchrist" title="Fred C. Gilchrist">Gilchrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_I._Dolliver" title="James I. Dolliver">J. I. Dolliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merwin_Coad" title="Merwin Coad">Coad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Hoeven" title="Charles B. Hoeven">Hoeven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_L._Greigg" title="Stanley L. Greigg">Greigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiley_Mayne" title="Wiley Mayne">Mayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkley_Bedell" title="Berkley Bedell">Bedell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Grandy" title="Fred Grandy">Grandy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 7th congressional district">7th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">Kasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_J._B._Cummings" title="Henry J. B. Cummings">Cummings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Gillette" title="Edward H. Gillette">E. Gillette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Kasson" title="John A. Kasson">Kasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Y._Smith" title="Hiram Y. Smith">H. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_H._Conger" title="Edwin H. Conger">Conger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_R._Hays" title="Edward R. Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._T._Hull" title="John A. T. Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_F._Prouty" title="Solomon F. Prouty">Prouty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">Dowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otha_Wearin" title="Otha Wearin">Wearin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_F._Jensen" title="Ben F. Jensen">Jensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Hansen" title="John R. Hansen">Hansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Scherle" title="William J. Scherle">Scherle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_8th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 8th congressional district">8th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_W._McDill" title="James W. McDill">McDill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fletcher_Sapp" title="William Fletcher Sapp">Sapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Peters_Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Peters Hepburn">Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_R._Anderson" title="Albert R. Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Patton_Flick" class="mw-redirect" title="James Patton Flick">Flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Peters_Hepburn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Peters Hepburn">Hepburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Darius_Jamieson" title="William Darius Jamieson">Jamieson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">Towner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Kinsman_Evans" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiram Kinsman Evans">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Thurston" title="Lloyd Thurston">Thurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_C._Gilchrist" title="Fred C. Gilchrist">Gilchrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Hoeven" title="Charles B. Hoeven">Hoeven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_9th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 9th congressional district">9th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Orr" title="Jackson Orr">Orr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Addison_Oliver" title="S. Addison Oliver">Oliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_C._Carpenter" title="Cyrus C. Carpenter">Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Mills_Pusey" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Mills Pusey">Pusey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lyman" title="Joseph Lyman">Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Rea_Reed" title="Joseph Rea Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bowman_(Iowa_politician)" title="Thomas Bowman (Iowa politician)">Bowman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alva_L._Hager" title="Alva L. Hager">Hager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_McPherson" title="Smith McPherson">McPherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_I._Smith" title="Walter I. Smith">W. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_W._Vincent" title="Earl W. Vincent">Vincent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Swanson" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Edward Swanson">Swanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gillette" title="Guy Gillette">G. Gillette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_F._Harrington" title="Vincent F. Harrington">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Narey" title="Harry E. Narey">Narey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_10th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 10th congressional district">10th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoniram_J._Holmes" title="Adoniram J. Holmes">Holmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_P._Dolliver" title="Jonathan P. Dolliver">J. P. Dolliver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Perry_Conner" class="mw-redirect" title="James Perry Conner">Conner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Woods" title="Frank P. Woods">Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._J._Dickinson" title="L. J. Dickinson">Dickinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_C._Gilchrist" title="Fred C. Gilchrist">Gilchrist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_11th_congressional_district" title="Iowa's 11th congressional district">11th</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_S._Struble" title="Isaac S. Struble">Struble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Perkins" title="George D. Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_Thomas" title="Lot Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbert_H._Hubbard" title="Elbert H. Hubbard">E. Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cromwell_Scott" title="George Cromwell Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Steele" title="Thomas J. Steele">Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cromwell_Scott" title="George Cromwell Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Boies" title="William D. Boies">Boies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_H._Campbell" title="Ed H. Campbell">Campbell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span data-sort-value="IowaAL !"><a href="/wiki/Iowa%27s_at-large_congressional_district" title="Iowa's at-large congressional district">AL</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serranus_Clinton_Hastings" title="Serranus Clinton Hastings">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Leffler" title="Shepherd Leffler">Leffler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Territory" title="Iowa Territory">Terr</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Chapman" title="William W. Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_C._Dodge" title="Augustus C. Dodge">A. Dodge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Iowa&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_62nd–68th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Iowa&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_62nd–68th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>'s delegation(s) to the 62nd–68th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/62nd_United_States_Congress" title="62nd United States Congress">62nd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Cummins" title="Albert B. Cummins">A. Cummins</a></li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Young" title="Lafayette Young"><i>L. Young</i></a></li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_S._Kenyon_(Iowa_politician)" title="William S. Kenyon (Iowa politician)"><i>W. Kenyon</i></a></li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">G. Haugen</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Walter_I._Smith" title="Walter I. Smith"><i>W. Smith</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Elbert_H._Hubbard" title="Elbert H. Hubbard"><i>E. Hubbard</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Kennedy" title="Charles A. Kennedy">C. Kennedy</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">J. Good</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Nathan_E._Kendall" title="Nathan E. Kendall">N. Kendall</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Pickett" title="Charles E. Pickett">C. Pickett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Woods" title="Frank P. Woods">F. Woods</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Irvin_S._Pepper" title="Irvin S. Pepper">I. Pepper</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Solomon_F._Prouty" title="Solomon F. Prouty">S. Prouty</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">H. Towner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green"><i>W. Green</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Cromwell_Scott" title="George Cromwell Scott"><i>G. Scott</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/63rd_United_States_Congress" title="63rd United States Congress">63rd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Cummins" title="Albert B. Cummins">A. Cummins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_S._Kenyon_(Iowa_politician)" title="William S. Kenyon (Iowa politician)">W. Kenyon</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">G. Haugen</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Kennedy" title="Charles A. Kennedy">C. Kennedy</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">J. Good</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Woods" title="Frank P. Woods">F. Woods</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Irvin_S._Pepper" title="Irvin S. Pepper"><i>I. Pepper</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Solomon_F._Prouty" title="Solomon F. Prouty">S. Prouty</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">H. Towner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green">W. Green</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Cromwell_Scott" title="George Cromwell Scott">G. Scott</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Connolly" title="Maurice Connolly">M. Connolly</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Kirkpatrick" title="Sanford Kirkpatrick">S. Kirkpatrick</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Henry_Vollmer" title="Henry Vollmer"><i>H. Vollmer</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/64th_United_States_Congress" title="64th United States Congress">64th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Cummins" title="Albert B. Cummins">A. Cummins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_S._Kenyon_(Iowa_politician)" title="William S. Kenyon (Iowa politician)">W. Kenyon</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">G. Haugen</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Kennedy" title="Charles A. Kennedy">C. Kennedy</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">J. Good</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Woods" title="Frank P. Woods">F. Woods</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">H. Towner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green">W. Green</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">C. Dowell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Hull" title="Harry E. Hull">H. Hull</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Christian_William_Ramseyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian William Ramseyer">C. Ramseyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Steele" title="Thomas J. Steele">T. Steele</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Burton_E._Sweet" title="Burton E. Sweet">B. Sweet</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/65th_United_States_Congress" title="65th United States Congress">65th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Cummins" title="Albert B. Cummins">A. Cummins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_S._Kenyon_(Iowa_politician)" title="William S. Kenyon (Iowa politician)">W. Kenyon</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">G. Haugen</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Kennedy" title="Charles A. Kennedy">C. Kennedy</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">J. Good</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Frank_P._Woods" title="Frank P. Woods">F. Woods</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">H. Towner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green">W. Green</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/George_Cromwell_Scott" title="George Cromwell Scott">G. Scott</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">C. Dowell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Hull" title="Harry E. Hull">H. Hull</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Christian_William_Ramseyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian William Ramseyer">C. Ramseyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Burton_E._Sweet" title="Burton E. Sweet">B. Sweet</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/66th_United_States_Congress" title="66th United States Congress">66th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Cummins" title="Albert B. Cummins">A. Cummins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_S._Kenyon_(Iowa_politician)" title="William S. Kenyon (Iowa politician)">W. Kenyon</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">G. Haugen</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Kennedy" title="Charles A. Kennedy">C. Kennedy</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good">J. Good</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">H. Towner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green">W. Green</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">C. Dowell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Hull" title="Harry E. Hull">H. Hull</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Christian_William_Ramseyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian William Ramseyer">C. Ramseyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Burton_E._Sweet" title="Burton E. Sweet">B. Sweet</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_D._Boies" title="William D. Boies">W. Boies</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lester_J._Dickinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lester J. Dickinson">L. Dickinson</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/67th_United_States_Congress" title="67th United States Congress">67th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Cummins" title="Albert B. Cummins">A. Cummins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_S._Kenyon_(Iowa_politician)" title="William S. Kenyon (Iowa politician)"><i>W. Kenyon</i></a> (R)<br /></li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Rawson" title="Charles A. Rawson"><i>C. Rawson</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Smith_W._Brookhart" title="Smith W. Brookhart"><i>S. Brookhart</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">G. Haugen</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_William_Good" class="mw-redirect" title="James William Good"><i>J. Good</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">H. Towner</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green">W. Green</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">C. Dowell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Hull" title="Harry E. Hull">H. Hull</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Christian_William_Ramseyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian William Ramseyer">C. Ramseyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Burton_E._Sweet" title="Burton E. Sweet">B. Sweet</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_D._Boies" title="William D. Boies">W. Boies</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lester_J._Dickinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lester J. Dickinson">L. Dickinson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_F._Kopp" title="William F. Kopp">W. Kopp</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cyrenus_Cole" title="Cyrenus Cole"><i>C. Cole</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/68th_United_States_Congress" title="68th United States Congress">68th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Albert_B._Cummins" title="Albert B. Cummins">A. Cummins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Smith_W._Brookhart" title="Smith W. Brookhart">S. Brookhart</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Iowa" title="List of United States representatives from Iowa">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_N._Haugen" title="Gilbert N. Haugen">G. Haugen</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner"><i>H. Towner</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_R._Green" title="William R. Green">W. Green</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cassius_C._Dowell" title="Cassius C. Dowell">C. Dowell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Harry_E._Hull" title="Harry E. Hull">H. Hull</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Christian_William_Ramseyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian William Ramseyer">C. Ramseyer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_D._Boies" title="William D. Boies">W. Boies</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lester_J._Dickinson" class="mw-redirect" title="Lester J. Dickinson">L. Dickinson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_F._Kopp" title="William F. Kopp">W. Kopp</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cyrenus_Cole" title="Cyrenus Cole">C. Cole</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._B._Robinson" title="Thomas J. B. Robinson">T. Robinson</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Kinsman_Evans" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiram Kinsman Evans"><i>H. Evans</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors_of_Puerto_Rico" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Puerto_Rico_Governors" title="Template:Puerto Rico Governors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Puerto_Rico_Governors" title="Template talk:Puerto Rico Governors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Puerto_Rico_Governors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Puerto Rico Governors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_Puerto_Rico" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Governor of Puerto Rico">Governors of Puerto Rico</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Colony of Puerto Rico<br />(1898–1949)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_A._Miles" title="Nelson A. Miles">Miles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Brooke" title="John R. Brooke">Brooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Vernor_Henry" title="Guy Vernor Henry">Herny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Whitefield_Davis" title="George Whitefield Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Herbert_Allen" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Herbert Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Hunt_(judge)" title="William Henry Hunt (judge)">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beekman_Winthrop" title="Beekman Winthrop">Winthrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regis_Henri_Post" title="Regis Henri Post">Post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Radcliffe_Colton" title="George Radcliffe Colton">Colton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Yager" title="Arthur Yager">Yager</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_E._Benedicto" title="José E. Benedicto">Benedicto</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmet_Montgomery_Reily" title="Emmet Montgomery Reily">Reily</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juan_Bernardo_Huyke" title="Juan Bernardo Huyke">Huyke</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_Towner" class="mw-redirect" title="Horace Mann Towner">Towner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Beverley" title="James R. Beverley">Beverley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_Jr." title="Theodore Roosevelt Jr.">Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Beverley" title="James R. Beverley">Beverley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hayes_Gore" title="Robert Hayes Gore">Gore</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Jason_Horton" title="Benjamin Jason Horton">Horton</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanton_C._Winship" class="mw-redirect" title="Blanton C. Winship">Winship</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_E._Col%C3%B3m" class="mw-redirect" title="José E. Colóm">Colom</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Leahy" title="William D. Leahy">Leahy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Miguel_Gallardo" title="José Miguel Gallardo">Gallardo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_J._Swope" title="Guy J. Swope">Swope</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Miguel_Gallardo" title="José Miguel Gallardo">Gallardo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_T._Pi%C3%B1ero" title="Jesús T. Piñero">Piñero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Commonwealth of Puerto Rico<br />(1949–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Mu%C3%B1oz_Mar%C3%ADn" title="Luis Muñoz Marín">Muñoz Marín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_S%C3%A1nchez_Vilella" title="Roberto Sánchez Vilella">Sánchez Vilella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_A._Ferr%C3%A9" title="Luis A. Ferré">Ferré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Col%C3%B3n" title="Rafael Hernández Colón">Hernández Colón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Romero_Barcel%C3%B3" title="Carlos Romero Barceló">Romero Barceló</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Hern%C3%A1ndez_Col%C3%B3n" title="Rafael Hernández Colón">Hernández Colón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Rossell%C3%B3" title="Pedro Rosselló">P. Rosselló</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sila_Mar%C3%ADa_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Sila María Calderón">Calderón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Acevedo_Vil%C3%A1" title="Aníbal Acevedo Vilá">Acevedo Vilá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Fortu%C3%B1o" title="Luis Fortuño">Fortuño</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Garc%C3%ADa_Padilla" title="Alejandro García Padilla">García Padilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Rossell%C3%B3" title="Ricardo Rosselló">R. Rosselló</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Pierluisi" title="Pedro Pierluisi">Pierluisi</a> (de facto)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanda_V%C3%A1zquez_Garced" title="Wanda Vázquez Garced">Vásquez Garced</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Pierluisi" title="Pedro Pierluisi">Pierluisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenniffer_Gonz%C3%A1lez-Col%C3%B3n" title="Jenniffer González-Colón">González-Colón</a> (elect)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate acting officeholders</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1627898#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1627898#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1627898#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000370378060">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/249677645">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwHfGKF9hch7cggPBqG73">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1198293551">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2012067951">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=T000325">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/199996500">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w60v9rng">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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