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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Indian military laboratory</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Gas Turbine Research Establishment</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former name</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Gas Turbine Research Centre (GTRC)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1959</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Field of research</div></th><td class="infobox-data category">Aerogas turbine technology</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><a href="/wiki/Director_(business)" title="Director (business)">Director</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Shri. Dr. S V Ramana Murthy</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bengaluru" title="Bengaluru">Bengaluru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, India</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Operating agency</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation" title="Defence Research and Development Organisation">Defence Research and Development Organisation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drdo.gov.in/labs-and-establishments/gas-turbine-research-establishment-gtre">GTRE</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaveri_aero_india.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Kaveri_aero_india.jpg/300px-Kaveri_aero_india.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Kaveri_aero_india.jpg/450px-Kaveri_aero_india.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Kaveri_aero_india.jpg/600px-Kaveri_aero_india.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/GTRE_GTX-35VS_Kaveri" title="GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri">GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GTX-35VS_Kaveri.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/GTX-35VS_Kaveri.jpg/300px-GTX-35VS_Kaveri.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/GTX-35VS_Kaveri.jpg/450px-GTX-35VS_Kaveri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/GTX-35VS_Kaveri.jpg/600px-GTX-35VS_Kaveri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="584" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/GTRE_GTX-35VS_Kaveri" title="GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri">GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE)</b> is a laboratory of the <a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation" title="Defence Research and Development Organisation">Defence Research and Development Organisation</a> (DRDO). Located in <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangalore">Bengaluru</a>, its primary function is research and development of aero gas-turbines for <a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft" title="Military aircraft">military aircraft</a>. As a spin-off effect, GTRE has been developing marine gas-turbines also. </p><p>It was initially known as GTRC (Gas Turbine Research Centre), created in 1959 in No.4 BRD Air Force Station, <a href="/wiki/Kanpur" title="Kanpur">Kanpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>. In November 1961 it was brought under DRDO, renamed to <b>GTRE</b> and moved to Bengaluru, <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> GTRE has consistently faced critcism for failing to develop an indigenous <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet engine</a> for <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter aircrafts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products">Products</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Products"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment" title="Special:EditPage/Gas Turbine Research Establishment">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Principal achievements of Gas Turbine Research Establishment include: </p> <ul><li>Design and development of India's "first centrifugal type 10 <a href="/wiki/Newton_(unit)" title="Newton (unit)">kN</a> <a href="/wiki/Thrust" title="Thrust">thrust</a> engine" between 1959-61.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Design and development of a "1700K reheat system" for the Orpheus 703 engine to boost its power. The redesigned system was certified in 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Successful upgrade of the reheat system of the Orpheus 703 to 2000K.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Improvement of the Orpheus 703 engine by replacing "the front subsonic compressor stage" with a "transonic compressor stage" to increase the "basic dry thrust" of the engine.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Design and development of a "demonstrator" gas turbine engine—GTX 37-14U—for fighter aircraft. Performance trials commenced in 1977 and the "demonstrator phase" was completed in 1981. The GTX 37-14U was "configured" and "optimized" to build a "low by-pass ratio jet engine" for "multirole performance aircraft". This engine was dubbed GTX 37-14U B.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="GTX_Kaveri">GTX Kaveri</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: GTX Kaveri"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/GTRE_GTX-35VS_Kaveri" title="GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri">GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri</a></div> <p>GTX-35VS Kaveri engine was intended to power production models of <a href="/wiki/HAL_Tejas" title="HAL Tejas">HAL Tejas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JAE2006_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JAE2006-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Defending the program GTRE mentioned reasons for delay including: </p> <ul><li>Non availability of state of the art wind tunnel facility in India</li> <li>The technology restrictions imposed by US by placing it in "entities" list</li></ul> <p>Both hurdles having been cleared, GTRE intended to continue work on the <a href="/wiki/HAL_AMCA" title="HAL AMCA">AMCA</a> (future generation fighter craft). </p><p>This program was abandoned in 2014. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaveri_Marine_Gas_Turbine_(KMGT)"><span id="Kaveri_Marine_Gas_Turbine_.28KMGT.29"></span>Kaveri Marine Gas Turbine (KMGT)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Kaveri Marine Gas Turbine (KMGT)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kaveri Marine Gas Turbine is a design spin-off from the Kaveri engine, designed for Indian combat aircraft. Using the core of the Kaveri engine, GTRE added low-pressure compressor and turbine as a gas generator and designed a free power turbine to generate shaft power for maritime applications.<sup id="cite_ref-GTRE_develops_engine_for_navy_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GTRE_develops_engine_for_navy-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The involvement of <a href="/wiki/Indian_Navy" title="Indian Navy">Indian Navy</a> in the development and testing of the engine has given a tremendous boost to the programme. The base frame for KMGT was developed by private player <a href="/wiki/Larsen_%26_Toubro" title="Larsen & Toubro">Larsen & Toubro</a> (L&T).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ghatak_engine">Ghatak engine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ghatak engine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The engine for <a href="/wiki/DRDO_Ghatak" title="DRDO Ghatak">DRDO Ghatak</a> will be a 52-kilonewton dry variant of the Kaveri aerospace engine and will be used in the UCAV (<a href="/wiki/Unmanned_combat_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned combat aerial vehicle">Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> has cleared a funding of <a href="/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">₹</a>2,650 <a href="/wiki/Crore" title="Crore">crores</a> ($394 Million) for the project.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manik_Engine">Manik Engine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Manik Engine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Small Turbofan Engine (STFE), also known as Manik engine is a 4.5 kN thrust turbofan engine developed by GTRE to power <a href="/wiki/Nirbhay" title="Nirbhay">Nirbhay series</a> <a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile" title="Cruise missile">cruise missile</a> and under development UAVs, Long range Anti-ship and Land Attack cruise missile systems.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2022, STFE was successfully flight tested.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DRDO is currently on search for a private production partner to mass produce Manik engine. It is estimated that 300 units will be produced over the course of five years. This amount could be allocated to the GTRE-identified industries. An Expression of Interest (EOI) will first identify two industries to supply three engines each over the course of eighteen months. After that, an RFI for mass production quantities will be issued.<sup id="cite_ref-X-270324_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-X-270324-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2024, the DRDO designed <a href="/wiki/Nirbhay" title="Nirbhay">Indigenous Technology Cruise Missile</a> (ITCM), which incorporates the Manik engine, was successfully tested.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2024, ABI Showatech India Pvt Ltd was awarded the contract to supply Casting Vane Low-Pressure Turbine (LPNGV) subcomponent of the engine as a part of the cruise missile programme. The low pressure turbine is "responsible for extracting energy from the exhaust gases to drive the fan and other compressor stages."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current STFE production plant is located near <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram_International_Airport" title="Thiruvananthapuram International Airport">Thiruvananthapuram International Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> for Limited Series Production for testing purpose of <a href="/wiki/Nirbhay" title="Nirbhay">Nirbhay</a> cruise missile.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Testing">Testing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Testing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The KMGT was tested on the Marine Gas Turbine test bed, an <a href="/wiki/Indian_Navy" title="Indian Navy">Indian Navy</a> facility at <a href="/wiki/Vishakhapatnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Vishakhapatnam">Vishakhapatnam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The engine has been tested to its potential of 12 MW at ISA SL 35 °C condition, a requirement of the Navy to propel SNF class ships, such as the <a href="/wiki/Rajput_class_destroyers" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajput class destroyers">Rajput class destroyers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Manufacturing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(India)" title="Ministry of Defence (India)">Ministry of Defence</a> (MoD) has awarded <a href="/w/index.php?title=Azad_Engineering_Limited&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Azad Engineering Limited (page does not exist)">Azad Engineering Limited</a> a contract to serve as a production agency for engines designed by the Gas Turbine Research Establishment. Assembling and manufacturing what is known as an Advanced Turbo Gas Generator (ATGG) engine is the focus of the present long-term contract. This is meant to power various defense applications, such as the gas turbine engine that powers the Indian Army's fleet of infantry combat vehicles (ICVs) and tanks, the marine gas turbine engine (MGTE) for upcoming Indian Navy warships, and the GTX-35VS Kaveri turbofan engine for the Tejas fighter. By early 2026, Azad must begin delivering its first batch of fully integrated engines.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using components including a 4-stage axial flow compressor, an annular combustor, a single-stage axial flow uncooled turbine, and a fixed exit area nozzle, the engine is built using a single-spool turbojet configuration. Azad Engineering will be essential to GTRE as a single source industry partner.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, discussions began between <a href="/wiki/Safran" title="Safran">Safran</a>, a French defence and aerospace company, and DRDO's <a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_Development_Agency" title="Aeronautical Development Agency">Aeronautical Development Agency</a> and GTRE for future <a href="/wiki/Technology_transfer" title="Technology transfer">technology transfer</a> and manufacturing of <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet engines</a> for India's <a href="/wiki/Fifth-generation_fighter" title="Fifth-generation fighter">5th generation</a> <a href="/wiki/HAL_AMCA" title="HAL AMCA">Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft</a> (AMCA) programme.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry_collaboration">Industry collaboration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Industry collaboration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For <b>Combat Aircraft Engine Development Program</b>, PTC Industries Limited, a Titanium recycling and aerospace component forging company has taken up a developmental contract for essential components on 6 December 2022. GTRE is expanding PTC Industries' capacity to produce vital titanium alloy aero engine and aircraft parts through <a href="/wiki/Investment_casting" title="Investment casting">investment casting</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hot_isostatic_pressing" title="Hot isostatic pressing">hot isostatic pressing</a> technology. In cooperation with GTRE, a prototype of the Engine Bevel Pinion Housing has already been developed.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jet_engine_development_criticism">Jet engine development criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Jet engine development criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>GTRE has been frequently criticised for its failure to develop an indigenous <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet engine</a> for <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter aircrafts</a>, a project the laboratory has been working on since 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2023, GTRE has not been able to overcome its engine development issues regarding <a href="/wiki/Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">metallurgy</a> for <a href="/wiki/Turbine_blade" title="Turbine blade">turbine blades</a> and other engine blade technologies, lack of a <a href="/wiki/Testbed_aircraft" title="Testbed aircraft">flying testbed</a> and wind tunnel to validate engines above a 90 Kilo Newton (KN) thrust.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gas_Turbine_Research_Establishment&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px 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class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Defence Research and Development Organisation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation_(DRDO)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation" title="Defence Research and Development Organisation">Defence Research and Development Organisation</a> (DRDO)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aeronautics" title="Aeronautics">Aeronautics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Avionics" title="Avionics">Avionics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HAL_Tejas" title="HAL Tejas">Tejas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Medium_Combat_Aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft">Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other HAL programmes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HAL_HJT-36" class="mw-redirect" title="HAL HJT-36">HJT-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAL_HTT-40" title="HAL HTT-40">HTT-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAL_Dhruv" title="HAL Dhruv">Dhruv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAL_Rudra" title="HAL Rudra">Rudra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAL_Prachand" title="HAL Prachand">Prachand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAL_Light_Utility_Helicopter" title="HAL Light Utility Helicopter">Light Utility Helicopter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">Unmanned aerial vehicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Nishant" title="DRDO Nishant">Nishant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Rustom" title="DRDO Rustom">Rustom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Lakshya" title="DRDO Lakshya">Lakshya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Kapothaka" title="DRDO Kapothaka">Kapothaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Ulka" title="DRDO Ulka">Ulka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Fluffy" title="DRDO Fluffy">Fluffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Ghatak" title="DRDO Ghatak">Ghatak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Imperial_Eagle" title="DRDO Imperial Eagle">Imperial Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Netra" title="DRDO Netra">Netra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO/IAI_Pawan" title="DRDO/IAI Pawan">Pawan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Armaments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Small arms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/INSAS_rifle" title="INSAS rifle">INSAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidhwansak" title="Vidhwansak">Vidhwansak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Venture_Protective_Carbine" title="Joint Venture Protective Carbine">Joint Venture Protective Carbine</a> (JVPC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi_Caliber_Individual_Weapon_System" title="Multi Caliber Individual Weapon System">Multi Caliber Individual Weapon System</a> (MCIWS)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">Artillery</a>, ammunition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pinaka_multi-barrel_rocket_launcher" title="Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher">Pinaka multi-barrel rocket launcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-46_Catapult" title="M-46 Catapult">M-46 Catapult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhim_self-propelled_howitzer" title="Bhim self-propelled howitzer">Bhim-T6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_towed_artillery_gun_system" title="Advanced towed artillery gun system">ATAGS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">Armoured fighting<br />vehicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">Tanks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arjun_(tank)" title="Arjun (tank)">Arjun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arjun_(tank)#Arjun_Mk-II" title="Arjun (tank)">Arjun Mk-II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_EX" title="Tank EX">Tank EX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_light_tank" title="DRDO light tank">DRDO light tank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Infantry fighting vehicle">Infantry fighting vehicle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhay_IFV" title="Abhay IFV">Abhay IFV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carrier_Mortar_Tracked" title="Carrier Mortar Tracked">Carrier Mortar Tracked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_Engineer_Reconnaissance_Vehicle" title="Armoured Engineer Reconnaissance Vehicle">Armoured Engineer Reconnaissance Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VRDE_Light_Armoured_Vehicle" title="VRDE Light Armoured Vehicle">Light Armoured Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartik_BLT" class="mw-redirect" title="Kartik BLT">Kartik BLT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Daksh" title="DRDO Daksh">Daksh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">Electronics</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electronic warfare</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samyukta_electronic_warfare_system" title="Samyukta electronic warfare system">Samyukta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radar_warning_receiver" title="Radar warning receiver">Tarang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">Radars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Search</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Doppler_Radar" title="Indian Doppler Radar">INDRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swathi_Weapon_Locating_Radar" title="Swathi Weapon Locating Radar">Swathi WLR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BEL_Battle_Field_Surveillance_Radar" title="BEL Battle Field Surveillance Radar">BFSR-SR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Acquisition_Radar_(3D-CAR)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Acquisition Radar (3D-CAR)">3D-CAR</a></li> <li>ADTCR</li> <li>Bharani LLLR</li> <li>Arudhra MPR</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fire-control_system" title="Fire-control system">Fire-control</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swordfish_Long_Range_Tracking_Radar" title="Swordfish Long Range Tracking Radar">Swordfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Radar" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajendra Radar">Rajendra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QRSAM" title="QRSAM">BMFR</a></li> <li>Atulya ADFCR</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airborne</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HAL_Tejas#Radar" title="HAL Tejas">LCA MMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation#Radars" title="Defence Research and Development Organisation">SV-2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_AEW%26CS" title="DRDO AEW&CS">Netra AEW&CS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttam_AESA_Radar" title="Uttam AESA Radar">Uttam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">Software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_NETRA" title="DRDO NETRA">NETRA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_military_missiles" title="List of Indian military missiles">Missile systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile" title="Ballistic missile">Ballistic missiles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Agni_(missile)" title="Agni (missile)">Agni</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agni-I" title="Agni-I">Agni-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni-II" title="Agni-II">Agni-II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni-III" title="Agni-III">Agni-III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni-IV" title="Agni-IV">Agni-IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni-V" title="Agni-V">Agni-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni-VI" title="Agni-VI">Agni-VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni-P" title="Agni-P">Agni-P</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prithvi_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Prithvi missile">Prithvi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prithvi_missile#Prithvi_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Prithvi missile">I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithvi_missile#Prithvi_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Prithvi missile">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithvi_missile#Prithvi_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Prithvi missile">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Guided_Missile_Development_Program#Dhanush_.28prithvi_III_missile.29" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Guided Missile Development Program">Dhanush</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Short-range_ballistic_missile" title="Short-range ballistic missile">SRBM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaurya_(missile)" title="Shaurya (missile)">Shaurya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prahaar_(missile)" title="Prahaar (missile)">Prahaar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Submarine-launched_ballistic_missile" title="Submarine-launched ballistic missile">SLBM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sagarika_(missile)" title="Sagarika (missile)">K-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K_Missile_family#K-4_Missile" title="K Missile family">K-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K_Missile_family#K-5_Missile" title="K Missile family">K-5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile" title="Cruise missile">Cruise missiles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nirbhay_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Nirbhay missile">Nirbhay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos" title="BrahMos">BrahMos</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos-II" title="BrahMos-II">II</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HSTDV" class="mw-redirect" title="HSTDV">HSTDV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-ship_missile" title="Anti-ship missile">Anti-ship missiles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NASM-SR" title="NASM-SR">NASM-SR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASM-MR" title="NASM-MR">NASM-MR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Range_%E2%80%93_Anti_Ship_Missile_(India)" title="Long Range – Anti Ship Missile (India)">Long Range – Anti Ship Missile (India)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Air-to-air_missile" title="Air-to-air missile">Air-to-air missiles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astra_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Astra missile">Astra BVRAAM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_guided_missile" title="Anti-tank guided missile">Anti-tank missiles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Anti_Tank_Missile" title="DRDO Anti Tank Missile">DRDO Anti Tank Missile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPATGM" title="MPATGM">MPATGM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nag_(missile)" title="Nag (missile)">Nag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">Surface-to-air</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akash_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Akash missile">Akash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akash-NG" title="Akash-NG">Akash-NG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trishul_(missile)" title="Trishul (missile)">Trishul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barak_8" title="Barak 8">Barak 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QRSAM" title="QRSAM">QRSAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VL-SRSAM" title="VL-SRSAM">VL-SRSAM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Air-to-surface_missile" title="Air-to-surface missile">Air-to-surface</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos#Variants" title="BrahMos">BrahMos-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nag_(missile)#Variants" title="Nag (missile)">Helina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudram-1_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudram-1 (missile)">Rudram-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMART_(missile)" title="SMART (missile)">SMART</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anti-ballistic_missile" title="Anti-ballistic missile">Anti-ballistic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ballistic_Missile_Defence_Programme#Prithvi_Air_Defence_(PAD)" title="Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme">Prithvi Air Defence</a> (PAD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ballistic_Missile_Defence_Programme#Advanced_Air_Defence_(AAD)" title="Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme">Advanced Air Defence</a> (AAD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ballistic_Missile_Defence_Programme#Prithvi_Defence_Vehicle_Mark_2" title="Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme">PDV Mk.2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">Torpedoes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Light_Torpedo_Shyena" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Light Torpedo Shyena">TAL</a></li> <li>ALWT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varunastra_(Torpedo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Varunastra (Torpedo)">Varunastra HWT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bomb" title="Bomb">Bombs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Precision-guided_munition" title="Precision-guided munition">Precision guided</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sudarshan_laser-guided_bomb" title="Sudarshan laser-guided bomb">Sudarshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Smart_Anti-Airfield_Weapon" title="DRDO Smart Anti-Airfield Weapon">Smart Anti-Airfield Weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Speed_Low_Drag_Bomb" title="High Speed Low Drag Bomb">PG-HSLD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General purpose</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Speed_Low_Drag_Bomb" title="High Speed Low Drag Bomb">HSLD-100/250/450/500</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Scientists" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scientists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Maj General <a href="/wiki/Ranjit_Lal_Jetley" title="Ranjit Lal Jetley">Ranjit Lal Jetley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Narain_Agarwal" title="Ram Narain Agarwal">Ram Narain Agarwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._P._J._Abdul_Kalam" title="A. P. J. Abdul Kalam">A. P. J. Abdul Kalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Sivathanu_Pillai" title="A. Sivathanu Pillai">A. Sivathanu Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W_Selvamurthy" class="mw-redirect" title="W Selvamurthy">W Selvamurthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._K._Saraswat" title="V. K. Saraswat">V. K. Saraswat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._K._Aatre" title="V. K. Aatre">V. K. Aatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Ramanna" title="Raja Ramanna">Raja Ramanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Mahalingam" title="V. S. Mahalingam">V. S. Mahalingam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshav_Dattatreya_Nayak" title="Keshav Dattatreya Nayak">Keshav Dattatreya Nayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tessy_Thomas" title="Tessy Thomas">Tessy Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashikala_Sinha" title="Shashikala Sinha">Shashikala Sinha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipsita_Biswas" title="Ipsita Biswas">Ipsita Biswas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._P._Chakravarti" title="S. P. Chakravarti">S. P. Chakravarti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waman_Dattatreya_Patwardhan" title="Waman Dattatreya Patwardhan">Waman Dattatreya Patwardhan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Products">GTX 37-14U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GTRE_GTX-35VS_Kaveri" title="GTRE GTX-35VS Kaveri">GTX-35VS Kaveri</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Kaveri_Marine_Gas_Turbine_(KMGT)">Kaveri Marine Gas Turbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation#GATET_engine" title="Defence Research and Development Organisation">GATET engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Important programmes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Project_Indigo" title="Project Indigo">Project Indigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Valiant" title="Project Valiant">Project Valiant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Devil" title="Project Devil">Project Devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Guided_Missile_Development_Programme" title="Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme">IGMDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ballistic_Missile_Defence_Programme" title="Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme">Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Young_Scientist_Laboratories" title="DRDO Young Scientist Laboratories">DYSLs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Guided_Missile_Development_Programme" title="Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme">Indian Missile Programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forces" title="Indian Armed Forces">Indian Armed Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Defence_Research_and_Development_Organisation_Laboratories" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:DRDO_Laboratories" title="Template:DRDO Laboratories"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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Delivery Research and Development Establishment">ADRDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_Development_Establishment" title="Aeronautical Development Establishment">ADE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Airborne_Systems" title="Centre for Airborne Systems">CABS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Military_Airworthiness_and_Certification" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for Military Airworthiness and Certification">CEMILAC</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">GTRE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Armament & Combat Engineering Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Advanced_Centre_for_Energetic_Materials&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advanced Centre for Energetic Materials (page does not exist)">ACEM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armament_Research_%26_Development_Establishment" class="mw-redirect" title="Armament Research & Development Establishment">ARDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_Vehicles_Research_%26_Development_Establishment" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Vehicles Research & Development Establishment">CVRDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Terrain_Research_Laboratory" title="Defence Terrain Research Laboratory">DTRL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Materials_Research_Laboratory" title="High Energy Materials Research Laboratory">HEMRL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proof_and_Experimental_Establishment" title="Proof and Experimental Establishment">PXE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_%26_Development_Establishment_(Engineers)" title="Research & Development Establishment (Engineers)">R&DE(Engrs)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_and_Avalanche_Study_Establishment" title="Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment">SASE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_Research_and_Development_Establishment" title="Vehicle Research and Development Establishment">VRDE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Electronics and Communication Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Avionics_Research_Establishment" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence Avionics Research Establishment">DARE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Electronics_Application_Laboratory" title="Defence Electronics Application Laboratory">DEAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Electronics_Research_Laboratory" title="Defence Electronics Research Laboratory">DLRL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronics_%26_Radar_Development_Establishment" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronics & Radar Development Establishment">LRDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_Research_and_Development_Establishment" title="Instruments Research and Development Establishment">IRDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_Science_%26_Technology_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Laser Science & Technology Centre">LASTEC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life Sciences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Bio-Engineering_%26_Electro_Medical_Laboratory" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence Bio-Engineering & Electro Medical Laboratory">DEBEL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Food_Research_Laboratory" title="Defence Food Research Laboratory">DFRL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Institute_of_Bio-Energy_Research" title="Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research">DIBER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Institute_of_High_Altitude_Research" title="Defence Institute of High Altitude Research">DIHAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Institute_of_Physiology_%26_Allied_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences">DIPAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Institute_of_Psychological_Research" title="Defence Institute of Psychological Research">DIPR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_and_Development_Establishment" title="Defence Research and Development Establishment">DRDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_Laboratory" title="Defence Research Laboratory">DRL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Nuclear_Medicine_%26_Allied_Sciences" title="Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences">INMAS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Micro Electronic Devices, Computational Systems & Cyber Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Numerical_Research_and_Analysis_Group" title="Advanced Numerical Research and Analysis Group">ANURAG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Artificial_Intelligence_and_Robotics" title="Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics">CAIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microwave_Tube_Research_and_Development_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Microwave Tube Research and Development Center">MTRDC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Analysis_Group" title="Scientific Analysis Group">SAG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_State_Physics_Laboratory" title="Solid State Physics Laboratory">SSPL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missiles and Strategic Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Systems_Laboratory" title="Advanced Systems Laboratory">ASL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Research_and_Development_Laboratory" title="Defence Research and Development Laboratory">DRDL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Test_Range" title="Integrated Test Range">ITR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_Centre_Imarat" title="Research Centre Imarat">RCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_Ballistics_Research_Laboratory" title="Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory">TBRL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Naval Systems and Materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Laboratory" title="Defence Laboratory">DLJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Materials_and_Stores_Research_and_Development_Establishment" title="Defence Materials and Stores Research and Development Establishment">DMSRDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Metallurgical_Research_Laboratory" title="Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory">DMRL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Materials_Research_Laboratory" title="Naval Materials Research Laboratory">NMRL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Physical_and_Oceanographic_Laboratory" title="Naval Physical and Oceanographic Laboratory">NPOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Science_and_Technological_Laboratory" title="Naval Science and Technological Laboratory">NSTL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Human Resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_for_Personnel_Talent_Management&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre for Personnel Talent Management (page does not exist)">CEPTAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Scientific_Information_and_Documentation_Centre" title="Defence Scientific Information and Documentation Centre">DESIDOC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Technology_Management&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of Technology Management (page does not exist)">ITM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Recruitment_and_Assessment_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Recruitment and Assessment Centre (page does not exist)">RAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">System Analysis & Modelling</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Fire,_Explosive_and_Environment_Safety" title="Centre for Fire, Explosive and Environment Safety">CFEES</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_for_Systems_Studies_%26_Analyses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute for Systems Studies & Analyses (page does not exist)">ISSA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Corporate Directorates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Directorate of Civil Works & Estates">DCW&E</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Extramural Research & Intellectual Property Rights">DER&IPR</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Finance & Materials Management">DFMM</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Futuristic Technology Management">DFTM</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Human Resource Development">DHRD</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Industry Interface & Technology Management">DIITM</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Interaction with Services for Business">DISB</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Information Technology & Cyber Security">DIT&CS</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of International Cooperation">DIC</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Low Intensity Conflict">DLIC</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Management Services">DMS</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Parliamentary Affairs">DPA</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Personnel">DOP</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Planning & Coordination">DP&C</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Public Interface">DPI</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Quality, Reliability & Safety">DQR&S</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Rajbhasha and O&M">DRB and O&M</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Systems and Technology Analysis">DSTA</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Technology Development Fund">DTDF</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Directorate of Vigilance & Security">DVS</abbr></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research Boards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="Aeronautics Research Development Board">ARDB</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Armaments Research Board">ARB</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Naval Research Board">NRB</abbr></li> <li><abbr title="Life Sciences Research Board">LSRB</abbr></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DRDO_Young_Scientist_Laboratories" title="DRDO Young Scientist Laboratories">DRDO Young Scientist Laboratories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>DYSL-<abbr title="Artificial Intelligence">AI</abbr></li> <li>DYSL-<abbr title="Asymmetric Technologies">AT</abbr></li> <li>DYSL-<abbr title="Cognitive Technologies">CT</abbr></li> <li>DYSL-<abbr title="Quantum Technology">QT</abbr></li> <li>DYSL-<abbr title="Smart Materials">SM</abbr></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other Related Body/Institute</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_Development_Agency" title="Aeronautical Development Agency">ADA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos_Aerospace" title="BrahMos Aerospace">BrahMos Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Institute_of_Advanced_Technology" title="Defence Institute of Advanced Technology">DIAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Institute_of_Technology" title="Military Institute of Technology">MILIT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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