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The global market for humanoid robots could reach $38 billion by 2035 | Goldman Sachs
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target="_self"><span>Alumni</span></a></li></ul></ul><ul class="gs-uitk-c-26g2t0--overflow-menu-root"></ul></nav></div><div data-gs-uitk-component="flex" class="gs-flex gs-box gs-uitk-c-r6j5li--box-root--flex-root--utility-root" data-cy="gs-uitk-header__utility"><button data-gs-uitk-component="button" data-appearance="neutral" data-emphasis="minimal" data-size="md" data-status="none" data-active="false" appearance="neutral" emphasis="minimal" name="" value="" type="button" class="gs-uitk-c-zma1ei--button-root gs-button"><span role="img" aria-label="Search" data-gs-uitk-component="icon" data-size="md" data-type="outlined" data-spin="false" data-pulse="false" data-disabled="false" data-selected="false" class="gs-uitk-c-nvuv28--icon-root gs-icon"><span data-cy="gs-uitk-icon__content" class="gs-uitk-c-reng5n--icon-content" role="img" aria-hidden="true">search</span></span></button></div><div data-gs-uitk-component="flex" class="gs-flex gs-box gs-uitk-c-1mz10ev--box-root--flex-root--cta-button-root" data-cy="gs-uitk-header__cta-button"><button data-gs-uitk-component="button" data-appearance="always-dark" data-emphasis="regular" data-size="md" data-status="none" data-active="false" appearance="always-dark" emphasis="regular" name="" value="" type="button" class="gs-button gs-uitk-c-1p4fo2w--button-root--cta-button-button--card-styles-client-login-style"><span>Client Login</span></button></div></div></div></div></div></header></div></div><!--/$--></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root root-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div style="padding:0" class="gs-layout-container gs-uitk-c-1ork0ir--container-root--grid-child-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root root-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div style="padding:0" class="gs-layout-container gs-uitk-c-1ork0ir--container-root--grid-child-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div class="gs-layout-container gs-uitk-c-55o24r--container-root--article-header-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing--top-spacing-style-top-spacing" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1jjx4q--article-header-dir" dir="ltr"><div class="gs-uitk-c-109mo5g--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div data-gs-uitk-component="page-header" class="gs-uitk-c-1m4adm0--page-header-root pageHeaderColumnMargin gs-page-header"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1efag9z--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><span data-gs-uitk-component="text" class="subtleColor gs-page-header__eyebrow gs-text gs-uitk-c-hafyfs--text-root--page-header-eyebrow" data-cy="gs-uitk-page-header__eyebrow">Artificial Intelligence</span><h1 data-gs-uitk-component="text" class="gs-page-header__header gs-text gs-uitk-c-1fhqy7d--text-root--page-header-header" data-cy="gs-uitk-page-header__header">The global market for humanoid robots could reach $38 billion by 2035</h1></div></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-o2a0y9--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1x6lxim--page-header-meta-container metadataContainer gs-page-header__meta-container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1r8yfum--page-header-article-header-actions gs-page-header__article-header-actions"><span class="gs-uitk-c-m6pwsx--popover-target-target" data-gs-uitk-component="popover-target" tabindex="0"><a data-gs-uitk-component="link" data-appearance="neutral" data-emphasis="regular" data-size="lg" class="gs-link gs-uitk-c-1ltd27p--link-root--link-anchor--article-header-link" href="#" tabindex="-1"><span>Share</span><span role="button" aria-label="Share" tabindex="0" data-gs-uitk-component="icon" data-size="lg" data-type="outlined" data-spin="false" data-pulse="false" data-disabled="false" data-selected="false" class="gs-uitk-c-l37hac--icon-root gs-icon"><span data-cy="gs-uitk-icon__content" class="gs-uitk-c-reng5n--icon-content" role="img" aria-hidden="true">share</span></span></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root root-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div style="padding:0" class="gs-layout-container gs-uitk-c-1ork0ir--container-root--grid-child-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-t84vx7--theme-container-root--image-styles-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-12azhff--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1guf8ec--top-spacing-style-top-spacing--bottom-spacing-style-bottom-spacing" data-element="image"><div style="padding:0" class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1wibq6m--col-root col-spacing gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"></div></div></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-16o3u3h--image-container-root image-container gs-image-container" data-gs-uitk-component="image-container" data-ratio="auto" data-size="lg" data-zoom="false"><img class="gs-uitk-c-7qcxkj--image-container-image gs-image-container__image" src="/images/migrated/insights/pages/articles/the-global-market-for-humanoid-robots-could-reach-38-billion/800X450.jpg"/></div><div style="padding:0" class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1wibq6m--col-root col-spacing gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-12azhff--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1lz0vmq--text-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing" dir="ltr"><p><span class="textBody02Regular">Will robots become the next smartphones?</span></p> <p><span class="textBody02Regular">The worldwide market for humanoid robots is forecast to be bigger than analysts in Goldman Sachs Research expected even <a href="/insights/articles/humanoid-robots">a year ago</a>. The prospects for machines that help with everything from folding laundry to handling hazardous waste have improved as progress in artificial intelligence accelerates and investment in the sector grows faster than anticipated. <br /> <br /> The total addressable market for humanoid robots is projected to reach $38 billion by 2035, up more than sixfold from a previous projection of $6 billion, <a href="/insights/goldman-sachs-research/global-automation-humanoid-robot-the-ai-accelerant">Goldman Sachs Research analyst Jacqueline Du, head of China Industrial Technology research, writes in the report</a>. Their estimate for robot shipments increased fourfold, to 1.4 million units, over the same time frame, with a much faster path to profitability on a 40% reduction in the cost of materials.</span></p> </div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-o6d24c--col-root child-parent-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root child-col-container gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1twv6ua--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div style="padding:0" class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1wibq6m--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1h95me2--iframe-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing"><iframe src="https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/humanoid-robots-are-expected-to-become/index.html" aria-label="Humanoid robots are expected to become a $38 billion market by 2035 Forecast global humanoid robot market size ($ billion)" sandbox="allow-forms allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation" class="gs-uitk-c-1pq1zop--iframe-iframe" scrolling="no"></iframe></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-12azhff--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1lz0vmq--text-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing" dir="ltr"><p><span class="textBody02Regular">“AI progress surprised us the most,” the team writes in the report, referring to advances such as robotic large language models (LLMs) — a key reason for the forecast change. Goldman Sachs Research points out that there’s been significant progress in end-to-end AI, through which models can <a href="/insights/articles/the-future-of-coding-is-conversation">train themselves</a>, removing the need for a human engineer to code everything by hand. That’s speeding up robot development, allowing these devices to do more tasks and adapt to new situations (such as working outside of factories) more quickly.</span></p> <h2>Robot components may become more affordable</h2> <h2> </h2> <p><span class="textBody02Regular">There are signs that robot components, from high-precision gears to actuators, could also cost less than previously expected, leading to faster commercialization. The manufacturing cost of humanoid robots has dropped — from a range that ran between an estimated $50,000 (for lower-end models) and $250,000 (for state-of-the art versions) per unit last year, to a range of between $30,000 and $150,000 now. Where our analysts had expected a decline of 15-20% per annum, the cost declined 40%.</span></p> </div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-o6d24c--col-root child-parent-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root child-col-container gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1twv6ua--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div style="padding:0" class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1wibq6m--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1h95me2--iframe-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing"><iframe src="https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/humanoid-robots-may-require-many-expensive/index.html" aria-label="Humanoid robots require many expensive, high-precision components" sandbox="allow-forms allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation" class="gs-uitk-c-1pq1zop--iframe-iframe" scrolling="no"></iframe></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-12azhff--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1lz0vmq--text-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing" dir="ltr"><p><span class="textBody02Regular">That’s mainly because cheaper components are now available, there are more supply chain options, and designs and manufacturing techniques have improved. In turn, this could speed up the timeline to factory applications by a year, and to consumer applications by two to four years, compared with Goldman Sachs Research’s prior estimates.<br /> <br /> “We continue to expect further cost reduction in the coming years,” Goldman Sachs Research writes in the report.<br /> <br /> The team’s base case is for more than 250,000 humanoid robot shipments in 2030, almost all of which would be for industrial use. Our analysts’ base case is for consumer robot sales to ramp up quickly over the next decade, exceeding a million units annually in just over a decade.</span></p> </div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-o6d24c--col-root child-parent-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root child-col-container gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1twv6ua--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div style="padding:0" class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1wibq6m--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1h95me2--iframe-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing"><iframe src="https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/humanoid-robot-sales-could-increase-substantially/index.html" aria-label="Humanoid robot sales could increase substantially in coming years Forecasts for global humanoid robot shipments (industrial and consumer, millions)" sandbox="allow-forms allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation" class="gs-uitk-c-1pq1zop--iframe-iframe" scrolling="no"></iframe></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-12azhff--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1lz0vmq--text-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing" dir="ltr"><h2>Which countries are most advanced in humanoid robots?</h2> <h2> </h2> <p><span class="textBody02Regular">Geographically, no one country or region appears to be completely dominant in this emerging sector. Some Western companies likely have the most <a href="/insights/articles/generative-ai-could-raise-global-gdp-by-7-percent">sophisticated AI software models</a>, while Asia will probably be the manufacturing hub for humanoid components, because of the wide supply chain base and lower manufacturing costs.</span></p> <p><span class="textBody02Regular">Another reason Goldman Sachs Research is more optimistic about the sector is that more players are pouring resources into humanoids, Li says. The Chinese government started a robot fund to support research and development, and publicly listed component makers are recruiting staff and devoting capital and human resources into related areas.</span></p> <p><span class="textBody02Regular">There are signs that most of the hardware for humanoid robots is already available, or at least close to maturity. Robot components like cameras, motors, force sensors, transmission gears for movement, and batteries are mostly ready for commercial purposes, according to Goldman Sachs Research.</span></p> <h2>General purpose robots still face some barriers</h2> <h2> </h2> <p><span class="textBody02Regular">That’s not to say that all hurdles have been overcome. Some components, for instance, need high-precision grinding machines that are limited in number, which makes it difficult to ramp up production. Costs for some components are still high because of limited industrial capacity or long manufacturing cycle times.</span></p> <p><span class="textBody02Regular">And there are still significant bottlenecks in the development of AI and software for robot manipulation (such as grasping objects) and interaction (taking voice commands from a person without training). While Goldman Sachs Research’s base case is that these remaining barriers for a mass-produced, general-purpose humanoid robot will eventually be overcome, the viability of such machines hasn’t been proven yet.</span></p> <p><span class="textBody02Regular">Using the technology available today, Goldman Sachs Research forecasts significant demand for humanoid robots in structured environments like manufacturing. That could include use cases such as electric vehicle assembly and component sorting. Industry research indicates that about 70% of manufacturing in China is already done by machinery and automation, while only 20% is handled by manual labor and 10% by management. Since humanoids are more flexible and capable of adapting to complex terrain, our analysts believe they can grow the market for industrial automation.</span></p> <p><span class="textBody02Regular">Humanoids are particularly appealing for tasks that are “dangerous, dirty, and dull,” Goldman Sachs Research writes. Our analysts project potential demand for robots in mining, disaster rescue, nuclear reactor maintenance, and chemicals manufacturing. Customers may be willing to pay a higher price for robots that can do dangerous jobs that people are reluctant to do. Importantly, robots could also provide labor in sectors that don’t have enough workers.</span></p> </div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-o6d24c--col-root child-parent-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root child-col-container gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1twv6ua--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div style="padding:0" class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1wibq6m--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1h95me2--iframe-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing"><iframe src="https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/a-substantial-number-of-workers-around-the-world-1/index.html" aria-label="A substantial number of workers around the world are at risk of injury and death US 2015-2021 work injuries statistics" sandbox="allow-forms allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation" class="gs-uitk-c-1pq1zop--iframe-iframe" scrolling="no"></iframe></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-12azhff--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1lz0vmq--text-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing" dir="ltr"><p><span class="textBody02Regular">Assuming a labor substitution rate of 5-15% for car manufacturing as well as dangerous jobs like disaster rescue and nuclear reactor work, the demand for humanoid robots can potentially reach 1.1 million to 3.5 million units globally. Our analysts project the best investment opportunities for now could lie in component makers that form the supply chain. </span></p> </div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-o6d24c--col-root child-parent-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root child-col-container gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1twv6ua--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div style="padding:0" class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1wibq6m--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1h95me2--iframe-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing"><iframe src="https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/a-viable-general-purpose-ai-robot/index.html" aria-label="A viable general purpose AI robot could alleviate shortages for labor in manufacturing US manufacturing labor surplus/(shortage), million people" sandbox="allow-forms allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation" class="gs-uitk-c-1pq1zop--iframe-iframe" scrolling="no"></iframe></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div></div></div></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-12azhff--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1przx2q--text-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing" dir="ltr"><p><span class="textBody02Regular">In a “blue-sky” scenario, where innovation unfolds rapidly and demand soars, Goldman Sachs Research can envision humanoid robots becoming the next “must-have” device, not unlike smartphones or EVs. Such robots would be vital for manufacturing and dangerous work, but they would also help with elderly care and fill in for labor shortages in factories.</span></p> </div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-12azhff--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-wlrpd3--article-summary-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1igkpw3--article-summary-title">Goldman Sachs Research</div><div class="gs-uitk-c-s3zh1b--article-summary-wrapper"><div class="gs-uitk-c-140prdv--article-summary-image-wrapper"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1dig9g5--article-summary-image"><img src="/images/migrated/insights/pages/gs-research/global-automation-humanoid-robot-the-ai-accelerant/120x154.jpg" alt="gs-uitk-c-1igkpw3--article-summary-title"/></div></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-11k0mcb--article-summary-list-wrapper listwithimage"><ul class="gs-uitk-c-141tfqa--article-summary-list"><li class="gs-uitk-c-lvfsz3--article-summary-list-item list-item"><div class="list-item-text"><div class="gs-uitk-c-pdn2i3--article-summary-list-item-title">Humanoid robot: The AI accelerant</div><div class="gs-uitk-c-1jkzpgn--article-summary-list-item-sub-head">08 JAN 2024</div></div></li></ul><div class="list-action gs-uitk-c-ndz5a9--article-summary-list-action"><div class="gs-uitk-c-11fqlwl--spacing-style-bottom-spacing"><div style="padding:0" class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1wibq6m--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-7qq5v7--button-root"><a data-gs-uitk-component="link" data-appearance="highlight" data-emphasis="regular" data-size="lg" class="gs-link gs-uitk-c-180prv7--link-root--link-anchor" href="/pdfs/insights/pages/gs-research/global-automation-humanoid-robot-the-ai-accelerant/report.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="READ THE REPORT"><button data-gs-uitk-component="button" data-appearance="highlight" data-emphasis="bold" data-size="lg" data-status="none" data-active="false" title="READ THE REPORT" appearance="highlight" emphasis="bold" name="" value="" type="button" class="gs-uitk-c-xm3hjw--button-root gs-button"><span>READ THE REPORT</span><span role="img" aria-label="Download" aria-hidden="true" data-gs-uitk-component="icon" data-appearance="highlight" data-size="lg" data-type="filled" data-spin="false" data-pulse="false" data-disabled="false" data-selected="false" class="gs-uitk-c-cji0ln--icon-root gs-icon"><span data-cy="gs-uitk-icon__content" class="gs-uitk-c-reng5n--icon-content" role="img" aria-hidden="true">download</span></span></button></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><!--/$--></div><div class="gs-uitk-c-7t82pd--col-root child-col gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><!--$--><div data-gs-uitk-component="theme-container" class="gs-uitk-c-18uafqk--theme-container-root"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1d5gi0n--container-root gs-layout-container" data-gs-uitk-component="container"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1ibe5y8--row-root gs-layout-row" data-gs-uitk-component="row"><div class="gs-uitk-c-12azhff--col-root gs-layout-col" data-gs-uitk-component="col"><div class="gs-uitk-c-1przx2q--text-root--spacing-style-bottom-spacing" dir="ltr"><p><span class="textBody04Regular">This article is being provided for educational purposes only. 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class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eWill robots become the next smartphones?\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eThe worldwide market for humanoid robots is forecast to be bigger than analysts in Goldman Sachs Research expected even \u003ca href=\\\"/content/gs/gscom/insights/articles/humanoid-robots\\\"\u003ea year ago\u003c/a\u003e. The prospects for machines that help with everything from folding laundry to handling hazardous waste have improved as progress in artificial intelligence accelerates and investment in the sector grows faster than anticipated. \u003cbr /\u003e\\r\\n \u003cbr /\u003e\\r\\n The total addressable market for humanoid robots is projected to reach $38 billion by 2035, up more than sixfold from a previous projection of $6 billion, \u003ca href=\\\"/content/gs/gscom/insights/goldman-sachs-research/global-automation-humanoid-robot-the-ai-accelerant\\\"\u003eGoldman Sachs Research analyst Jacqueline Du, head of China Industrial Technology research, writes in the report\u003c/a\u003e. Their estimate for robot shipments increased fourfold, to 1.4 million units, over the same time frame, with a much faster path to profitability on a 40% reduction in the cost of materials.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\"","isDesignModeOn":"false"},"tags":[],"noBottomSpacing":true,"text":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eWill robots become the next smartphones?\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eThe worldwide market for humanoid robots is forecast to be bigger than analysts in Goldman Sachs Research expected even \u003ca href=\"/insights/articles/humanoid-robots\"\u003ea year ago\u003c/a\u003e. The prospects for machines that help with everything from folding laundry to handling hazardous waste have improved as progress in artificial intelligence accelerates and investment in the sector grows faster than anticipated. \u003cbr /\u003e\r\n \u003cbr /\u003e\r\n The total addressable market for humanoid robots is projected to reach $38 billion by 2035, up more than sixfold from a previous projection of $6 billion, \u003ca href=\"/insights/goldman-sachs-research/global-automation-humanoid-robot-the-ai-accelerant\"\u003eGoldman Sachs Research analyst Jacqueline Du, head of China Industrial Technology research, writes in the report\u003c/a\u003e. Their estimate for robot shipments increased fourfold, to 1.4 million units, over the same time frame, with a much faster path to profitability on a 40% reduction in the cost of materials.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","isDesignModeOn":false},"children":[]},{"id":"iframe","type":"iframe","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"screenReaderDescription":"\"Humanoid robots are expected to become a $38 billion market by 2035 Forecast global humanoid robot market size ($ billion)\"","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"\"www.goldmansachs.com\"","removeMaxWidth":"false","noBottomSpacing":"false","isDesignModeOn":"true","content":"\"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/humanoid-robots-are-expected-to-become/index.html\"","aspectRatio":"\"4/3\""},"tags":[],"screenReaderDescription":"Humanoid robots are expected to become a $38 billion market by 2035 Forecast global humanoid robot market size ($ billion)","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"www.goldmansachs.com","removeMaxWidth":false,"noBottomSpacing":false,"isDesignModeOn":true,"content":"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/humanoid-robots-are-expected-to-become/index.html","aspectRatio":"4/3"},"children":[]},{"id":"rich_text_1972856923","type":"rich-text","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"noBottomSpacing":"true","text":"\"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003e“AI progress surprised us the most,” the team writes in the report, referring to advances such as robotic large language models (LLMs) — a key reason for the forecast change. Goldman Sachs Research points out that there’s been significant progress in end-to-end AI, through which models can \u003ca href=\\\"/content/gs/gscom/insights/articles/the-future-of-coding-is-conversation\\\"\u003etrain themselves\u003c/a\u003e, removing the need for a human engineer to code everything by hand. That’s speeding up robot development, allowing these devices to do more tasks and adapt to new situations (such as working outside of factories) more quickly.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch2\u003eRobot components may become more affordable\u003c/h2\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch2\u003e \u003c/h2\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eThere are signs that robot components, from high-precision gears to actuators, could also cost less than previously expected, leading to faster commercialization. The manufacturing cost of humanoid robots has dropped — from a range that ran between an estimated $50,000 (for lower-end models) and $250,000 (for state-of-the art versions) per unit last year, to a range of between $30,000 and $150,000 now. Where our analysts had expected a decline of 15-20% per annum, the cost declined 40%.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\"","isDesignModeOn":"false"},"tags":[],"noBottomSpacing":true,"text":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003e“AI progress surprised us the most,” the team writes in the report, referring to advances such as robotic large language models (LLMs) — a key reason for the forecast change. Goldman Sachs Research points out that there’s been significant progress in end-to-end AI, through which models can \u003ca href=\"/insights/articles/the-future-of-coding-is-conversation\"\u003etrain themselves\u003c/a\u003e, removing the need for a human engineer to code everything by hand. That’s speeding up robot development, allowing these devices to do more tasks and adapt to new situations (such as working outside of factories) more quickly.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003eRobot components may become more affordable\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e \u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eThere are signs that robot components, from high-precision gears to actuators, could also cost less than previously expected, leading to faster commercialization. The manufacturing cost of humanoid robots has dropped — from a range that ran between an estimated $50,000 (for lower-end models) and $250,000 (for state-of-the art versions) per unit last year, to a range of between $30,000 and $150,000 now. Where our analysts had expected a decline of 15-20% per annum, the cost declined 40%.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","isDesignModeOn":false},"children":[]},{"id":"iframe_802325077","type":"iframe","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"screenReaderDescription":"\"Humanoid robots require many expensive, high-precision components\"","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"\"www.goldmansachs.com\"","removeMaxWidth":"false","noBottomSpacing":"false","isDesignModeOn":"true","content":"\"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/humanoid-robots-may-require-many-expensive/index.html\"","aspectRatio":"\"4/3\""},"tags":[],"screenReaderDescription":"Humanoid robots require many expensive, high-precision components","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"www.goldmansachs.com","removeMaxWidth":false,"noBottomSpacing":false,"isDesignModeOn":true,"content":"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/humanoid-robots-may-require-many-expensive/index.html","aspectRatio":"4/3"},"children":[]},{"id":"rich_text_89350131","type":"rich-text","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"noBottomSpacing":"true","text":"\"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eThat’s mainly because cheaper components are now available, there are more supply chain options, and designs and manufacturing techniques have improved. In turn, this could speed up the timeline to factory applications by a year, and to consumer applications by two to four years, compared with Goldman Sachs Research’s prior estimates.\u003cbr /\u003e\\r\\n\u003cbr /\u003e\\r\\n“We continue to expect further cost reduction in the coming years,” Goldman Sachs Research writes in the report.\u003cbr /\u003e\\r\\n\u003cbr /\u003e\\r\\nThe team’s base case is for more than 250,000 humanoid robot shipments in 2030, almost all of which would be for industrial use. Our analysts’ base case is for consumer robot sales to ramp up quickly over the next decade, exceeding a million units annually in just over a decade.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\"","isDesignModeOn":"false"},"tags":[],"noBottomSpacing":true,"text":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eThat’s mainly because cheaper components are now available, there are more supply chain options, and designs and manufacturing techniques have improved. In turn, this could speed up the timeline to factory applications by a year, and to consumer applications by two to four years, compared with Goldman Sachs Research’s prior estimates.\u003cbr /\u003e\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\r\n“We continue to expect further cost reduction in the coming years,” Goldman Sachs Research writes in the report.\u003cbr /\u003e\r\n\u003cbr /\u003e\r\nThe team’s base case is for more than 250,000 humanoid robot shipments in 2030, almost all of which would be for industrial use. Our analysts’ base case is for consumer robot sales to ramp up quickly over the next decade, exceeding a million units annually in just over a decade.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","isDesignModeOn":false},"children":[]},{"id":"iframe_773715943","type":"iframe","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"screenReaderDescription":"\"Humanoid robot sales could increase substantially in coming years Forecasts for global humanoid robot shipments (industrial and consumer, millions)\"","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"\"www.goldmansachs.com\"","removeMaxWidth":"false","noBottomSpacing":"false","isDesignModeOn":"true","content":"\"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/humanoid-robot-sales-could-increase-substantially/index.html\"","aspectRatio":"\"4/3\""},"tags":[],"screenReaderDescription":"Humanoid robot sales could increase substantially in coming years Forecasts for global humanoid robot shipments (industrial and consumer, millions)","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"www.goldmansachs.com","removeMaxWidth":false,"noBottomSpacing":false,"isDesignModeOn":true,"content":"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/humanoid-robot-sales-could-increase-substantially/index.html","aspectRatio":"4/3"},"children":[]},{"id":"rich_text_1814010451","type":"rich-text","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"noBottomSpacing":"true","text":"\"\u003ch2\u003eWhich countries are most advanced in humanoid robots?\u003c/h2\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch2\u003e \u003c/h2\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eGeographically, no one country or region appears to be completely dominant in this emerging sector. Some Western companies likely have the most \u003ca href=\\\"/content/gs/gscom/insights/articles/generative-ai-could-raise-global-gdp-by-7-percent\\\"\u003esophisticated AI software models\u003c/a\u003e, while Asia will probably be the manufacturing hub for humanoid components, because of the wide supply chain base and lower manufacturing costs.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eAnother reason Goldman Sachs Research is more optimistic about the sector is that more players are pouring resources into humanoids, Li says. The Chinese government started a robot fund to support research and development, and publicly listed component makers are recruiting staff and devoting capital and human resources into related areas.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eThere are signs that most of the hardware for humanoid robots is already available, or at least close to maturity. Robot components like cameras, motors, force sensors, transmission gears for movement, and batteries are mostly ready for commercial purposes, according to Goldman Sachs Research.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch2\u003eGeneral purpose robots still face some barriers\u003c/h2\u003e\\r\\n\u003ch2\u003e \u003c/h2\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eThat’s not to say that all hurdles have been overcome. Some components, for instance, need high-precision grinding machines that are limited in number, which makes it difficult to ramp up production. Costs for some components are still high because of limited industrial capacity or long manufacturing cycle times.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eAnd there are still significant bottlenecks in the development of AI and software for robot manipulation (such as grasping objects) and interaction (taking voice commands from a person without training). While Goldman Sachs Research’s base case is that these remaining barriers for a mass-produced, general-purpose humanoid robot will eventually be overcome, the viability of such machines hasn’t been proven yet.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eUsing the technology available today, Goldman Sachs Research forecasts significant demand for humanoid robots in structured environments like manufacturing. That could include use cases such as electric vehicle assembly and component sorting. Industry research indicates that about 70% of manufacturing in China is already done by machinery and automation, while only 20% is handled by manual labor and 10% by management. Since humanoids are more flexible and capable of adapting to complex terrain, our analysts believe they can grow the market for industrial automation.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eHumanoids are particularly appealing for tasks that are “dangerous, dirty, and dull,” Goldman Sachs Research writes. Our analysts project potential demand for robots in mining, disaster rescue, nuclear reactor maintenance, and chemicals manufacturing. Customers may be willing to pay a higher price for robots that can do dangerous jobs that people are reluctant to do. Importantly, robots could also provide labor in sectors that don’t have enough workers.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\"","isDesignModeOn":"false"},"tags":[],"noBottomSpacing":true,"text":"\u003ch2\u003eWhich countries are most advanced in humanoid robots?\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e \u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eGeographically, no one country or region appears to be completely dominant in this emerging sector. Some Western companies likely have the most \u003ca href=\"/insights/articles/generative-ai-could-raise-global-gdp-by-7-percent\"\u003esophisticated AI software models\u003c/a\u003e, while Asia will probably be the manufacturing hub for humanoid components, because of the wide supply chain base and lower manufacturing costs.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eAnother reason Goldman Sachs Research is more optimistic about the sector is that more players are pouring resources into humanoids, Li says. The Chinese government started a robot fund to support research and development, and publicly listed component makers are recruiting staff and devoting capital and human resources into related areas.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eThere are signs that most of the hardware for humanoid robots is already available, or at least close to maturity. Robot components like cameras, motors, force sensors, transmission gears for movement, and batteries are mostly ready for commercial purposes, according to Goldman Sachs Research.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003eGeneral purpose robots still face some barriers\u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003ch2\u003e \u003c/h2\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eThat’s not to say that all hurdles have been overcome. Some components, for instance, need high-precision grinding machines that are limited in number, which makes it difficult to ramp up production. Costs for some components are still high because of limited industrial capacity or long manufacturing cycle times.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eAnd there are still significant bottlenecks in the development of AI and software for robot manipulation (such as grasping objects) and interaction (taking voice commands from a person without training). While Goldman Sachs Research’s base case is that these remaining barriers for a mass-produced, general-purpose humanoid robot will eventually be overcome, the viability of such machines hasn’t been proven yet.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eUsing the technology available today, Goldman Sachs Research forecasts significant demand for humanoid robots in structured environments like manufacturing. That could include use cases such as electric vehicle assembly and component sorting. Industry research indicates that about 70% of manufacturing in China is already done by machinery and automation, while only 20% is handled by manual labor and 10% by management. Since humanoids are more flexible and capable of adapting to complex terrain, our analysts believe they can grow the market for industrial automation.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eHumanoids are particularly appealing for tasks that are “dangerous, dirty, and dull,” Goldman Sachs Research writes. Our analysts project potential demand for robots in mining, disaster rescue, nuclear reactor maintenance, and chemicals manufacturing. Customers may be willing to pay a higher price for robots that can do dangerous jobs that people are reluctant to do. Importantly, robots could also provide labor in sectors that don’t have enough workers.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","isDesignModeOn":false},"children":[]},{"id":"iframe_533516732","type":"iframe","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"screenReaderDescription":"\"A substantial number of workers around the world are at risk of injury and death US 2015-2021 work injuries statistics\"","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"\"www.goldmansachs.com\"","removeMaxWidth":"false","noBottomSpacing":"false","isDesignModeOn":"true","content":"\"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/a-substantial-number-of-workers-around-the-world-1/index.html\"","aspectRatio":"\"4/3\""},"tags":[],"screenReaderDescription":"A substantial number of workers around the world are at risk of injury and death US 2015-2021 work injuries statistics","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"www.goldmansachs.com","removeMaxWidth":false,"noBottomSpacing":false,"isDesignModeOn":true,"content":"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/a-substantial-number-of-workers-around-the-world-1/index.html","aspectRatio":"4/3"},"children":[]},{"id":"rich_text_737863117","type":"rich-text","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"noBottomSpacing":"true","text":"\"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eAssuming a labor substitution rate of 5-15% for car manufacturing as well as dangerous jobs like disaster rescue and nuclear reactor work, the demand for humanoid robots can potentially reach 1.1 million to 3.5 million units globally. Our analysts project the best investment opportunities for now could lie in component makers that form the supply chain. \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\"","isDesignModeOn":"false"},"tags":[],"noBottomSpacing":true,"text":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eAssuming a labor substitution rate of 5-15% for car manufacturing as well as dangerous jobs like disaster rescue and nuclear reactor work, the demand for humanoid robots can potentially reach 1.1 million to 3.5 million units globally. Our analysts project the best investment opportunities for now could lie in component makers that form the supply chain. \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","isDesignModeOn":false},"children":[]},{"id":"iframe_646738212","type":"iframe","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"screenReaderDescription":"\"A viable general purpose AI robot could alleviate shortages for labor in manufacturing US manufacturing labor surplus/(shortage), million people\"","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"\"www.goldmansachs.com\"","removeMaxWidth":"false","noBottomSpacing":"false","isDesignModeOn":"true","content":"\"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/a-viable-general-purpose-ai-robot/index.html\"","aspectRatio":"\"4/3\""},"tags":[],"screenReaderDescription":"A viable general purpose AI robot could alleviate shortages for labor in manufacturing US manufacturing labor surplus/(shortage), million people","acceptMessagesFromDomain":"www.goldmansachs.com","removeMaxWidth":false,"noBottomSpacing":false,"isDesignModeOn":true,"content":"https://www.goldmansachs.com/infographics/v2/flourish/a-viable-general-purpose-ai-robot/index.html","aspectRatio":"4/3"},"children":[]},{"id":"rich_text_1775785443","type":"rich-text","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"noBottomSpacing":"false","text":"\"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody02Regular\\\"\u003eIn a “blue-sky” scenario, where innovation unfolds rapidly and demand soars, Goldman Sachs Research can envision humanoid robots becoming the next “must-have” device, not unlike smartphones or EVs. Such robots would be vital for manufacturing and dangerous work, but they would also help with elderly care and fill in for labor shortages in factories.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\"","isDesignModeOn":"false"},"tags":[],"noBottomSpacing":false,"text":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody02Regular\"\u003eIn a “blue-sky” scenario, where innovation unfolds rapidly and demand soars, Goldman Sachs Research can envision humanoid robots becoming the next “must-have” device, not unlike smartphones or EVs. Such robots would be vital for manufacturing and dangerous work, but they would also help with elderly care and fill in for labor shortages in factories.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","isDesignModeOn":false},"children":[]},{"id":"article_summary","type":"article-summary","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"imageUrl":"\"/content/dam/gs/gscom/images/migrated/insights/pages/gs-research/global-automation-humanoid-robot-the-ai-accelerant/120x154.jpg\"","ctaTitle":"\"READ THE REPORT\"","ctaIconPlacement":"\"trailing\"","mainTitle":"\"Goldman Sachs Research\"","noBottomSpacing":"false","ctaHref":"\"/content/dam/gs/gscom/pdfs/insights/pages/gs-research/global-automation-humanoid-robot-the-ai-accelerant/report.pdf\"","ctaText":"\"READ THE REPORT\"","ctaIconName":"\"download\"","styleCode":"\"listwithimage\"","copyList":"[{\"subHead\":\"08 JAN 2024\",\"title\":\"Humanoid robot: The AI accelerant\"}]"},"tags":[],"imageUrl":"/images/migrated/insights/pages/gs-research/global-automation-humanoid-robot-the-ai-accelerant/120x154.jpg","ctaTitle":"READ THE REPORT","ctaIconPlacement":"trailing","mainTitle":"Goldman Sachs Research","noBottomSpacing":false,"ctaHref":"/pdfs/insights/pages/gs-research/global-automation-humanoid-robot-the-ai-accelerant/report.pdf","ctaText":"READ THE REPORT","ctaIconName":"download","styleCode":"listwithimage","copyList":[{"subHead":"08 JAN 2024","title":"Humanoid robot: The AI accelerant"}]},"children":[]},{"id":"rich_text_987061199","type":"rich-text","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"noBottomSpacing":"false","text":"\"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody04Regular\\\"\u003eThis article is being provided for educational purposes only. The information contained in this article does not constitute a recommendation from any Goldman Sachs entity to the recipient, and Goldman Sachs is not providing any financial, economic, legal, investment, accounting, or tax advice through this article or to its recipient. Neither Goldman Sachs nor any of its affiliates makes any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the statements or any information contained in this article and any liability therefore (including in respect of direct, indirect, or consequential loss or damage) is expressly disclaimed.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\"","isDesignModeOn":"false"},"tags":[],"noBottomSpacing":false,"text":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody04Regular\"\u003eThis article is being provided for educational purposes only. The information contained in this article does not constitute a recommendation from any Goldman Sachs entity to the recipient, and Goldman Sachs is not providing any financial, economic, legal, investment, accounting, or tax advice through this article or to its recipient. Neither Goldman Sachs nor any of its affiliates makes any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of the statements or any information contained in this article and any liability therefore (including in respect of direct, indirect, or consequential loss or damage) is expressly disclaimed.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","isDesignModeOn":false},"children":[]}]},{"id":"tags","type":"tags","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{},"tags":[]},"children":[]},{"id":"author_bio","type":"author-bio","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{},"tags":[]},"children":[]},{"id":"experiencefragment-video-accessibility-message","type":"dptk-grid","attributes":{"columnCount":12,"tags":[],"layouts":{"default":{"behavior":"none","width":12,"offset":0}},"childLayouts":{"dptk_container":{"default":{"behavior":"none","width":12,"offset":0}}},"properties":{}},"children":[{"id":"dptk_container","type":"dptk-grid","attributes":{"columnCount":12,"tags":[],"layouts":{"default":{"behavior":"none","width":12,"offset":0}},"childLayouts":{"video_accessibility_":{"default":{"behavior":"none","width":12,"offset":0}}},"properties":{}},"children":[{"id":"video_accessibility_","type":"video-accessibility-message","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"messageText":"\"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\\\"textBody04Regular\\\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eAccessibility Notice:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/b\u003eA\u0026nbsp;\u003ca href=\\\"/content/gs/gscom/transcript-requests\\\"\u003etranscript is available\u0026nbsp;\u003c/a\u003efor any video on this page.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\\r\\n\""},"tags":[],"messageText":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan class=\"textBody04Regular\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eAccessibility Notice:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/b\u003eA\u0026nbsp;\u003ca href=\"/transcript-requests\"\u003etranscript is available\u0026nbsp;\u003c/a\u003efor any video on this page.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n"},"children":[]}]}]},{"id":"dptk_container_2","type":"dptk-grid","attributes":{"columnCount":12,"layouts":{"default":{"behavior":"none","width":12,"offset":0}},"tags":[],"childLayouts":{"tout_card_grid":{"default":{"behavior":"none","width":12,"offset":0}},"subscribe_banner":{"default":{"behavior":"none","width":12,"offset":0}}},"properties":{}},"children":[{"id":"tout_card_grid","type":"tout-card-grid","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"toutCardGridStyle":"\"one-row-four-card\"","toutCardGridMode":"\"basic-dynamic\"","toutCardGridFeaturedCardStyle":"\"arrow\""},"tags":[],"toutCardGridStyle":"one-row-four-card","toutCardGridMode":"basic-dynamic","toutCardGridFeaturedCardStyle":"arrow"},"children":[]},{"id":"subscribe_banner","type":"subscribe-banner","attributes":{"jsonProperties":{"cf":"\"/content/dam/gs/gscom/content-fragments/subscribe-banner\""},"tags":[],"cf":{"subscriptionDisclaimer":"\u003cp\u003eBy submitting this information, you agree to receive marketing emails from Goldman Sachs and accept our\u0026nbsp;\u003ca href=\"https://www.goldmansachs.com/privacy-and-cookies\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eprivacy policy\u003c/a\u003e. 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