NOAA confirms 4th global coral bleaching event | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

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Bleaching-level heat stress, as remotely monitored and predicted by NOAA’s Coral Reef Watch (CRW), has been — and continues to be — extensive" /> <meta name="keywords" content="Ocean & Coasts, coral, coral reefs, climate" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/noaa-confirms-4th-global-coral-bleaching-event" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.noaa.gov/node/13567" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/noaa-confirms-4th-global-coral-bleaching-event" /> <meta property="og:title" content="NOAA confirms 4th global coral bleaching event" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The world is currently experiencing a global coral bleaching event, according to NOAA scientists. This is the fourth global event on record and the second in the last 10 years. Bleaching-level heat stress, as remotely monitored and predicted by NOAA’s Coral Reef Watch (CRW), has been — and continues to be — extensive" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_width_1275/public/2024-04/PHOTO-USVI-boulder-coral-recovery-3panel-041523-NOAA.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://www.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_width_1275/public/2024-04/PHOTO-USVI-boulder-coral-recovery-3panel-041523-NOAA.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Image showing a three-panel image shows a boulder star coral in St. Croix, USVI, as it shifted from healthy (May 2023), to bleached (October 2023), to recovered (March 2024), following extreme marine heat stress throughout the Caribbean basin in 2023." /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="The world is currently experiencing a global coral bleaching event, according to NOAA scientists. This is the fourth global event on record and the second in the last 10 years. Bleaching-level heat stress, as remotely monitored and predicted by NOAA’s Coral Reef Watch (CRW), has been — and continues to be — extensive" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="NOAA confirms 4th global coral bleaching event" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/noaa-confirms-4th-global-coral-bleaching-event" /> <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="Image showing a three-panel image shows a boulder star coral in St. Croix, USVI, as it shifted from healthy (May 2023), to bleached (October 2023), to recovered (March 2024), following extreme marine heat stress throughout the Caribbean basin in 2023." /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_width_1275/public/2024-04/PHOTO-USVI-boulder-coral-recovery-3panel-041523-NOAA.jpg" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> 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href="/ocean-coasts">Ocean & Coasts</a> </div></div></div></div> </div> <div class="topic-tags"> <div class="tag-label">Topics:</div> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-tags c-field--type-entity-reference c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__items"><div class="c-field__item"><a href="/topic-tags/coral">coral</a> </div><div class="c-field__item"><a href="/topic-tags/coral-reefs">coral reefs</a> </div><div class="c-field__item"><a href="/topic-tags/climate">climate</a> </div></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="block-sharebuttons" class="c-block c-block--provider-block-content c-block--id-block-content9aed71f8-37eb-4a71-817b-3d2911504ca8"> <div class="c-block__content"> <div class="c-field c-field--name-body c-field--type-text-with-summary c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__item"><div class="share"> <div class="share-area dropdown-toggle-js"> <div class="share-title">Share:</div> <div class="share-icons"> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/noaa-confirms-4th-global-coral-bleaching-event" target="_blank" class="icon-twitter twitter-share"><span>Share to Twitter</span></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/noaa-confirms-4th-global-coral-bleaching-event" target="_blank" class="icon-facebook"><span>Share to Facebook</span></a> <a href="mailto:?body=https://www.noaa.gov/news-release/noaa-confirms-4th-global-coral-bleaching-event" class="icon-mail mail-share"><span>Share by email</span></a> <a href="javascript:window.print()" class="icon-print"><span>Print</span></a> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-updates c-field--type-entity-reference-revisions c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__items"><div class="c-field__item"></div></div></div></div> <section class="l-section introductory-text c-field" data-observe-resizes > <div class="l-section__content"> <span class="publication-date"> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-publication-date c-field--type-datetime c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__item"><time datetime="2024-04-15T12:00:00Z">April 15, 2024</time> </div></div></div> </span> </> </div> </section> <div class="image field" id="noaa-node-hero"> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-image c-field--type-entity-reference c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__item"><figure role="group"> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-media-image c-field--type-image c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__item"> <img title="Image showing a three-panel image shows a boulder star coral in St. Croix, USVI, as it shifted from healthy (May 2023), to bleached (October 2023), to recovered (March 2024), following extreme marine heat stress throughout the Caribbean basin in 2023. (Image credit: NOAA)" src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape_width_1275/public/2024-04/PHOTO-USVI-boulder-coral-recovery-3panel-041523-NOAA.jpg?h=6f85090f&itok=OpER4v3F" width="1275" height="717" alt="Image showing a three-panel image shows a boulder star coral in St. Croix, USVI, as it shifted from healthy (May 2023), to bleached (October 2023), to recovered (March 2024), following extreme marine heat stress throughout the Caribbean basin in 2023." loading="lazy" /> </div></div></div> <figcaption> <div> <div class="caption-credit"> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-file-caption-formatted c-field--type-text-long c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__item"><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <html><body><p>This three-panel image shows a boulder star coral in St. Croix, USVI, as it shifted from healthy (May 2023), to bleached (October 2023), to recovered (March 2024), following extreme marine heat stress throughout the Caribbean basin in 2023. <span class="credit">(Image credit: NOAA)</span></p> </body></html> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="image-download"><a class="image-download-link" href="/media/image_download/91493630-653c-4b2e-bced-93679c56e42f">Download Image</a></div> </div> </figcaption> </figure> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="l-right-sidebar-top-content-sibling"> <div class="non-sticky-wrapper"></div> </div> <div class="non-sidebar-content"> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-body c-field--type-entity-reference-revisions c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__items"><div class="c-field__item"> <section class="l-section paragraph paragraph--type-rich-text paragraph--display-mode-default paragraph--width-body-indent-none" data-observe-resizes > <div class="l-section__content"> <div id="paragraph-id-32026-default"> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-body-formatted-long c-field--type-text-long c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__item"> <html><body><p>The world is currently experiencing a global coral bleaching event, according to NOAA scientists. This is the fourth global event on record and the second in the last 10 years.  </p> <p>Bleaching-level heat stress, as remotely monitored and predicted by <a href="https://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/index.php">NOAA’s Coral Reef Watch</a> (CRW), has been — and continues to be — extensive across the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Ocean basins. CRW's heat-stress monitoring is based on sea surface temperature data, spanning 1985 to the present, from a blend of NOAA and partner satellites.</p> <figure role="group"> <article data-caption="1"> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-media-image c-field--type-image c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__item"> <img title="Map showing NOAA Coral Reef Watch's global 5km-resolution satellite Coral Bleaching Alert Area Maximum map, for January 1, 2023 to April 10, 2024. This figure shows the regions, around the globe, that experienced high levels of marine heat stress (Bleaching Alert Levels 2-5) that can cause reef-wide coral bleaching and mortality. (Image credit: NOAA)" src="/sites/default/files/2024-04/IMAGE-NOAA-Coral-Reef-Watch-global-5km-resolution-satellite-Coral-Bleaching-Alert-Area-Maximum-map-010123-041024-ct5km_baa5-max_v3.png" width="2375" height="936" alt="Map showing NOAA Coral Reef Watch's global 5km-resolution satellite Coral Bleaching Alert Area Maximum map, for January 1, 2023 to April 10, 2024. This figure shows the regions, around the globe, that experienced high levels of marine heat stress (Bleaching Alert Levels 2-5) that can cause reef-wide coral bleaching and mortality." loading="lazy"> </div></div></div> </article> <figcaption><span class="caption-text">NOAA Coral Reef Watch's global 5km-resolution satellite Coral Bleaching Alert Area Maximum map, for January 1, 2023 to April 10, 2024. This figure shows the regions, around the globe, that experienced high levels of marine heat stress (<a href="https://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/product/5km/index_5km_baa-max-7d.php" rel="noopener nofollow noreferrer" target="_blank">Bleaching Alert Levels 2-5</a>) that can cause reef-wide coral bleaching and mortality. </span> <span class="credit">(Image credit: NOAA)</span><div class="image-download"><a href="/media/image_download/5197d2a0-7cdf-4b46-a75d-d082b4f05c45" class="image-download-link">Download Image</a></div></figcaption> </figure> <p>"From February 2023 to April 2024, significant coral bleaching has been documented in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres of each major ocean basin," said Derek Manzello, Ph.D., NOAA CRW coordinator.</p> <p>Since early 2023, mass bleaching of coral reefs has been confirmed throughout the tropics, including in Florida in the U.S.; the Caribbean; Brazil; the eastern Tropical Pacific (including Mexico, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia); Australia’s Great Barrier Reef; large areas of the South Pacific (including Fiji, Vanuatu, Tuvalu, Kiribati, the Samoas and French Polynesia); the Red Sea (including the Gulf of Aqaba); the Persian Gulf; and the Gulf of Aden.</p> <p>NOAA has received confirmation of widespread bleaching across other parts of the Indian Ocean basin as well, including in Tanzania, Kenya, Mauritius, the Seychelles, Tromelin, Mayotte and off the western coast of Indonesia.</p> <p>“As the world’s oceans continue to warm, coral bleaching is becoming more frequent and severe,” Manzello said. “When these events are sufficiently severe or prolonged, they can cause coral mortality, which hurts the people who depend on the coral reefs for their livelihoods.”</p> <p>Coral bleaching, especially on a widespread scale, impacts economies, livelihoods, food security and more, but it does not necessarily mean corals will die. If the stress driving the bleaching diminishes, corals can recover and reefs can continue to provide the ecosystem services we all rely on.</p> <p>“Climate model predictions for coral reefs have been suggesting for years that bleaching impacts would increase in frequency and magnitude as the ocean warms,” said Jennifer Koss, director of NOAA’s<a href="https://coralreef.noaa.gov/"> Coral Reef Conservation Program</a> (CRCP).  </p> <p>Because of this, the NOAA CRCP incorporated resilience-based management practices and increased the emphasis on coral restoration in its <a href="https://coralreef.noaa.gov/conservation/welcome.html">2018 strategic plan</a>, and funded a National Academies of Sciences’ study, which led to the publication of the <a href="https://www.nationalacademies.org/our-work/interventions-to-increase-the-resilience-of-coral-reefs" class=" ext-link-after" target="_blank">2019 Interventions to Increase the Resilience of Coral Reefs.<span class="visually-hidden"> offsite link</span></a></p> <p>Koss said, “We are on the frontlines of coral reef research, management and restoration, and are actively and aggressively implementing the recommendations of the 2019 Interventions Report.”  </p> <p>The 2023 heatwave in Florida was unprecedented. It started earlier, lasted longer and was more severe than any previous event in that region. During the bleaching event, NOAA learned a great deal while engaging in interventions to mitigate harm to corals. Through its <a href="https://marinesanctuary.org/mission-iconic-reefs/" class=" ext-link-after" target="_blank">Mission: Iconic Reefs program<span class="visually-hidden"> offsite link</span></a>, NOAA made significant strides to offset some of the negative impacts of global climate change and local stressors on Florida’s corals, including moving coral nurseries to deeper, cooler waters and deploying sunshades to protect corals in other areas.   </p> <p>This global event requires global action. The <a href="https://icriforum.org/" class=" ext-link-after" target="_blank">International Coral Reef Initiative<span class="visually-hidden"> offsite link</span></a> (ICRI), which NOAA co-chairs, and its international members are broadly sharing and already applying resilience-based management actions and lessons learned from the 2023 marine heatwaves in Florida and the Caribbean. ICRI and its members are helping to advance coral interventions and restoration in the face of climate change by funding scientific research on best management practices and implementing its <a href="https://icriforum.org/documents/plan-of-action-2021-2024/" class=" ext-link-after" target="_blank">Plan of Action<span class="visually-hidden"> offsite link</span></a>.</p> <p><a href="https://coralreef.noaa.gov/">NOAA’s Coral Reef Conservation Program</a> is a partnership across multiple NOAA offices and programs that brings together expertise for a multidisciplinary approach to understanding and conserving coral reef ecosystems.</p> <hr> <p><i>Climate, weather, and water affect all life on our ocean planet. <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.noaa.gov/about-our-agency&source=gmail&ust=1713032934520000&usg=AOvVaw0w36iVnjeFQfqznHNNqXbP" href="https://www.noaa.gov/about-our-agency" target="_blank">NOAA’s mission</a> is to understand and predict our changing environment, from the deep sea to outer space, and to manage and conserve America’s coastal and marine resources. </i></p> <p> </p> </body> </html></div></div></div> </div> </div> </section> </div></div></div></div> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-media-contact c-field--type-text-long c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__item"><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <html><body><p>Media contacts</p> <p>John Leslie, <a href="mailto:john.leslie@noaa.gov">john.leslie@noaa.gov</a></p> <p>Kim Rodgers, <a href="mailto:kim.rodgers@noaa.gov">kim.rodgers@noaa.gov</a></p> </body></html> </div></div></div> <section class="l-section paragraph paragraph--type-related-features-override paragraph--display-mode-full" data-observe-resizes> <h2 id="" class="l-section__title">Related Features //</h2> <div class="l-section__content"> <div> <div class="c-view c-view--related-content c-view--display-two_most_related view js-view-dom-id-02beca1e56dce487bea526e4592bde485efaa90d6035318ae5f6bae6363b5195"> <div class="c-view__content"> <div class="l-grid l-grid--2-col"> <article class="image-link image-link-landscape" role="article" data-observe-resizes> <header> <a href="/stories/major-oregon-estuary-restoration-to-reestablish-stream-channels-habitat" hreflang="en">Major Oregon estuary restoration to reestablish stream channels, habitat</a> </header> <div class="image"> <div class="c-field c-field--name-field-image c-field--type-entity-reference c-field--label-hidden"> <div class="c-field__content"><div class="c-field__item"> <img title="A group of people walk a trail through a floodplain of tall grass with a conifer forest in the distance. 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