Atmosphere | Department of Economic and Social Affairs

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-35008513-1"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "UA-35008513-1", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true,"page_path":location.pathname + location.search + location.hash});gtag("config", "G-3Y7LHFS80F", {"groups":"default","page_location":location.pathname + location.search + location.hash});</script> <meta name="description" content="The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, through paragraph 31 “calls for the widest possible international cooperation aimed at accelerating the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions and addressing adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change”. Both paragraph 31 of Agenda 2030 and paragraph 91 of the Future We Want note “the significant gap between the aggregate effect of Parties’ mitigation pledges in terms of global annual emissions of greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with having a likely chance of holding the increase in global average temperature below 2 °C or 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels”. Prior to the 2030 Agenda and the Future We Want, paragraph 38 under Chapter IV- “Protecting and managing the natural resource base of economic and social development” of the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation expresses the concern of Member States for the changes occurred in the Earth’s climate and the adverse effects that these changes have on humankind. In this context, Member States also reaffirm the importance of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and their commitment in the achievement of the “ultimate objective of stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system, within a time frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner, in accordance with our common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities”. In this context, actions identified by the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation are the promotion of the “systematic observation of the Earth’s atmosphere, land and oceans by improving monitoring stations, increasing the use of satellites and appropriate integration of these observations to produce high -quality data” as well as the “enhancement of the implementation of national, regional and international strategies to monitor the Earth’s atmosphere, land and oceans, including, as appropriate, strategies for integrated global observations, inter alia, with the cooperation of relevant international organizations, especially the specialized agencies, in cooperation with the Convention”. The Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) fourth session in 1996 held substantive discussions on protection of the atmosphere. CSD fourteenth session in 2006 and fifteenth session in 2007 focused on a cluster of thematic issues, including atmosphere and air pollution. Protection of the atmosphere is a broad and multidimensional endeavour involving various sectors of economic activity. Many of the issues discussed in Chapter 9 of Agenda 21, on "Protection of the Atmosphere," are also addressed in such international agreements as the 1985 Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer as amended, the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and other international, including regional, instruments. Agenda 21 notes, however, that activities that may be undertaken in pursuit of the objectives of this chapter should be co-ordinated with social and economic development in an integrated manner with a view to avoiding adverse impacts on the latter, taking into full account the legitimate priority needs of developing countries for the achievement of sustained economic growth and the eradication of poverty. 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view-display-id-page_1 js-view-dom-id-270d94a4c2242b418c5066db3fb80c7ab0fe1e72c6a163143f422c92e86ce160"> <div class="view-header"> <article class="topics full clearfix"> <div class="jumbotron-event jumbotron-event-01" style="background: linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8)) center center / cover no-repeat, url(/sites/default/files/styles/topic_banner/public/2020-07/topics_2-atmosphere-original.jpg.jpg?itok=5aplJC-j); background-size: cover;"> <div class="container"> <div class="col-xl-4 col-lg-4 col-md-6 col-sm-12"> <a class="event-link" href="/topics" role="button">Topics</a> <h1 class="separator-bottom"> <div class="field field--name-name field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Atmosphere</div> </h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container goals-related-block"> <div class="heading-related row"> <div class="col-12"> <h3>Related SDGS</h3> </div> </div> <div class="mb-5 row row-spacing"> <div class="card goal-related goal-13 col-12 col-sm-6 col-lg-4"> <a href="/goals/goal13"> <div class="card-body"><span class="goal-number">13</span> <h4 class="goal-title">Take urgent action to combat climate change a ...</h4> <img class="goal-logo" src="/sites/default/files/goals/image_logo_clean10008_72.jpg" /> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <main> <div class="tabs tabs-dark"> <div class="nav-tabs-un"> <div class="container"> <ul id="myTab" role="tablist" class="nav nav-tabs flex-column flex-lg-row"> <li class="nav-item"> <a id="description-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#description" role="tab" aria-controls="description" aria-selected="true" class="nav-link active">Description</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a id="publications-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#publications" role="tab" aria-controls="publications" aria-selected="true" class="nav-link ">Publications</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a id="events-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#events" role="tab" aria-controls="events" aria-selected="true" class="nav-link ">Events</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a id="documents-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#documents" role="tab" aria-controls="documents" aria-selected="true" class="nav-link ">Documents</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a id="statements-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#statements" role="tab" aria-controls="statements" aria-selected="true" class="nav-link ">Statements</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a id="milestones-tab" data-toggle="tab" href="#milestones" role="tab" aria-controls="milestones" aria-selected="true" class="nav-link ">Milestones</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div id="myTabContent" class="tab-content"> <div id="description" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="description-tab" class="tab-pane fade show active"> <div class="heading-block"> <div class="row"> <div class="heading-text col-12 col-sm-6 col-lg-4"> <h2> Description </h2> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, through paragraph 31 “calls for the widest possible international cooperation aimed at accelerating the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions and addressing adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change”.</p> <p>Both paragraph 31 of Agenda 2030 and paragraph 91 of the Future We Want note “the significant gap between the aggregate effect of Parties’ mitigation pledges in terms of global annual emissions of greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with having a likely chance of holding the increase in global average temperature below 2 °C or 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels”.</p> <p>Prior to the 2030 Agenda and the Future We Want, paragraph 38 under Chapter IV- “Protecting and managing the natural resource base of economic and social development” of the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation expresses the concern of Member States for the changes occurred in the Earth’s climate and the adverse effects that these changes have on humankind. In this context, Member States also reaffirm the importance of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and their commitment in the achievement of the “ultimate objective of stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system, within a time frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner, in accordance with our common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities”.</p> <p>In this context, actions identified by the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation are the promotion of the “systematic observation of the Earth’s atmosphere, land and oceans by improving monitoring stations, increasing the use of satellites and appropriate integration of these observations to produce high -quality data” as well as the “enhancement of the implementation of national, regional and international strategies to monitor the Earth’s atmosphere, land and oceans, including, as appropriate, strategies for integrated global observations, inter alia, with the cooperation of relevant international organizations, especially the specialized agencies, in cooperation with the Convention”.</p> <p>The Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) fourth session in 1996 held substantive discussions on protection of the atmosphere. CSD fourteenth session in 2006 and fifteenth session in 2007 focused on a cluster of thematic issues, including atmosphere and air pollution.</p> <p>Protection of the atmosphere is a broad and multidimensional endeavour involving various sectors of economic activity. Many of the issues discussed in Chapter 9 of Agenda 21, on "Protection of the Atmosphere," are also addressed in such international agreements as the 1985 Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer as amended, the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and other international, including regional, instruments.</p> <p>Agenda 21 notes, however, that activities that may be undertaken in pursuit of the objectives of this chapter should be co-ordinated with social and economic development in an integrated manner with a view to avoiding adverse impacts on the latter, taking into full account the legitimate priority needs of developing countries for the achievement of sustained economic growth and the eradication of poverty.</p> <p>For more information and documents on this topic, <a href="https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/topics/atmosphere" rel="nofollow">please visit this link</a>.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="publications" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="publications-tab" class="tab-pane fade "> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-related-blocks view-id-related_blocks view-display-id-topics_publications js-view-dom-id-4e5caa5be8186d4f6f33e1363757af7353ce79747017827e380c954c35f88303"> <div class="view-header"> <div class="heading-block"> <div class="row"> <div class="heading-text col-12 col-sm-6 col-lg-4"> <h2>Publications</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="view-content row"> <div class="card card-custom publications-01 col-sm-6 col-lg-3 mb-3"> <a href="/publications/transforming-our-world-2030-agenda-sustainable-development-17981" style="background-image: url("/sites/default/files/styles/topics_thumbnails/public/2022-03/transforming_our_world_2030_Agenda_7.png?itok=bjwU5usU");"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="card-title" >Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development</h4> <p class="card-text">This Agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom, We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for su...</p> <div class="link">Read the document</div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card card-custom publications-01 col-sm-6 col-lg-3 mb-3"> <a href="/publications/valuing-weather-and-climate-economic-assessment-meteorological-and-hydrological" style="background-image: url("/sites/default/files/styles/topics_thumbnails/public/publications/image400_1972.jpg?itok=FPuiY6jK");"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="card-title" >Valuing Weather and Climate: Economic Assessment of Meteorological and Hydrological Services</h4> <p class="card-text">For more than a century, nations have equipped themselves to provide weather, climate and hydrological information, forecasts and, more recently, remotely sensed data and early warnings to the public and private sectors. These services, collectively referred to throughout this publication as met/hyd...</p> <div class="link">Read the document</div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card card-custom publications-01 col-sm-6 col-lg-3 mb-3"> <a href="/publications/seamless-prediction-earth-system-minutes-months-17944" style="background-image: url("/sites/default/files/styles/topics_thumbnails/public/publications/image400_1975.jpg?itok=JqlmWuyx");"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="card-title" >Seamless Prediction of the Earth System: From Minutes to Months</h4> <p class="card-text">New sources of atmospheric observations, faster supercomputers and advances in weather science together have revolutionized weather forecasting in the latter part of the 20th century. On the global scale, we can today predict out to six days ahead as accurately as we could do for four days 20 years ...</p> <div class="link">Read the document</div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card card-custom publications-01 col-sm-6 col-lg-3 mb-3"> <a href="/publications/indoor-air-quality-guidelines-household-fuel-combustion-17942" style="background-image: url("/sites/default/files/styles/topics_thumbnails/public/publications/image400_1969.jpg?itok=7qs9biWm");"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="card-title" >Indoor air quality guidelines: household fuel combustion</h4> <p class="card-text">Almost 3 billion of the world’s poorest people still rely on solid fuels (wood, animal dung, charcoal, crop wastes and coal) burned in inefficient and highly polluting stoves for cooking and heating, currently resulting in some 4 million premature deaths annually among children and adults from respi...</p> <div class="link">Read the document</div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card card-custom publications-01 col-sm-6 col-lg-3 mb-3"> <a href="/publications/trends-sustainable-development-2006-2007-16920" style="background-image: url("/sites/default/files/styles/topics_thumbnails/public/publications/image400_31.jpg?itok=-z_U_2ec");"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="card-title" >Trends in Sustainable Development 2006-2007</h4> <p class="card-text">This report highlights key developments and recent trends in the areas of Energy for Sustainable Development, Industrial Development, Atmosphere/Air Pollution and Climate Change - the four interrelated topics being considered by the Commission on Sustainable Development at its 14th and 15th sessions...</p> <div class="link">Read the document</div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="events" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="events-tab" class="tab-pane fade "> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-related-blocks view-id-related_blocks view-display-id-topics_events js-view-dom-id-773b8b275156498a23cf90a7058c63cf09d2336bbe6c6e574f3d678e7d31fcb5"> <div class="view-header"> <div class="heading-block"> <div class="row"> <div class="heading-text col-12 col-sm-6 col-lg-4"> <h2>Events</h2> </div> <div class="heading-button col-12 col-sm-3"> <a href='/events' class="btn btn-un btn-primary">See all events</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="view-content row"> <div class="events-block w-100 mb-5"> <div class="col-12"> <h3 class="heading-border">2024</h3> </div> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="month">Sep</h4> </div> <div class="card card-events event-04 col-12"> <a href="/events/summit-future-action-days-56388"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="group-date"> <div><span class="event-date">Fri</span><span class="event-day">20</span></div> <div class="separator"></div> <div><span class="event-date">Sat</span><span class="event-day">21</span></div> </div> <div class="group-text"> <h5 class="event-title">Summit of the Future Action Days</h5> <p class="event-text">To generate additional opportunities for the engagement of all actors, the Secretary-General of the United Nations is convening the Summit of the Future Action Days on 20 and 21 September 2024 at United Nations Headquarters in New York.Bringing together representatives from Member States, civil soci</p> </div> <div class="event-place"><span class="room"></span><span class="city"></span></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="events-block w-100 mb-5"> <div class="col-12"> <h3 class="heading-border">2020</h3> </div> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="month">Apr</h4> </div> <div class="card card-events event-04 col-12"> <a href="/events/climate-and-sdgs-synergies-conference-24587"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="group-date"> <div><span class="event-date">Wed</span><span class="event-day">01</span></div> <div class="separator"></div> <div><span class="event-date">Fri</span><span class="event-day">03</span></div> </div> <div class="group-text"> <h5 class="event-title">Climate and SDGs Synergies Conference</h5> <p class="event-text"></p> </div> <div class="event-place"><span class="room">Copenhagen, Denmark</span><span class="city"></span></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="events-block w-100 mb-5"> <div class="col-12"> <h3 class="heading-border">2019</h3> </div> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="month">Dec</h4> </div> <div class="card card-events event-04 col-12"> <a href="/events/un-climate-change-conference-cop-25-24586"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="group-date"> <div><span class="event-date">Mon</span><span class="event-day">02</span></div> <div class="separator"></div> <div><span class="event-date">Fri</span><span class="event-day">13</span></div> </div> <div class="group-text"> <h5 class="event-title">UN Climate Change Conference COP 25</h5> <p class="event-text"></p> </div> <div class="event-place"><span class="room">Madrid, Spain</span><span class="city"></span></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="events-block w-100 mb-5"> <div class="col-12"> <h3 class="heading-border">2015</h3> </div> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="month">Nov</h4> </div> <div class="card card-events event-04 col-12"> <a href="/events/21st-session-conference-parties-and-11th-session-conference-parties-serving-meeting-parties"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="group-date"> <div><span class="event-date">Mon</span><span class="event-day">30</span></div> <div class="separator"></div> <div><span class="event-date">Fri</span><span class="event-day">11</span></div> </div> <div class="group-text"> <h5 class="event-title">21st Session of the Conference of the Parties and 11th Session of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol- UNFCCC COP 21/ CMP 11</h5> <p class="event-text">The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, or “UNFCCC”, was adopted during the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992. It entered into force on 21 March 1994 and has been ratified by 196 States, which constitute the “Parties” to the Convention – its stakeholders. This Framework Conven</p> </div> <div class="event-place"><span class="room">Paris, France</span><span class="city"></span></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> <div class="events-block w-100 mb-5"> <div class="col-12"> <h3 class="heading-border">2015</h3> </div> <div class="col-12"> <h4 class="month">Sep</h4> </div> <div class="card card-events event-04 col-12"> <a href="/events/international-day-preservation-ozone-layer-7314"> <div class="card-body"> <div class="group-date"> <div><span class="event-date">Wed</span><span class="event-day">16</span></div> </div> <div class="group-text"> <h5 class="event-title">International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer</h5> <p class="event-text">In 1987 representatives from 24 countries met in Montreal and announced to the world that it was time to stop destroying the ozone layer. In so doing, these countries committed themselves, via the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, to rid the world of substances that threa</p> </div> <div class="event-place"><span class="room"></span><span class="city"></span></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="documents" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="documents-tab" class="tab-pane fade "> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-documents view-id-documents view-display-id-topic_documents_block js-view-dom-id-c20c78a2da71ccd6af4994d116e5c547cd7d3b7695075615ed1fcf76b3629039"> <div class="view-header"> Displaying 1 - 12 of 12 </div> <div class="view-content row"> <div class="table-responsive col"> <table class="table table-hover views-table views-view-table cols-3"> <thead class=''> <tr> <th id="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field" scope="col">Title</th> <th id="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name" scope="col">Type</th> <th id="view-field-date-start-table-column" class="views-field views-field-field-date-start" scope="col">Date</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn17200116-report-inter-sessional-ad-18113" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/2001/16 - Report of the Inter-sessional Ad Hoc Working Group on Transport and Atmosphere</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Meeting reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">20-May-2011 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn1720074-policy-options-and-possible-actio-18142" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/2007/4 - Policy options and possible actions to expedite implementation: Air pollution/atmosphere</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Secretary-General Reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">21-Dec-2006 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn1720064-policy-options-and-possible-actio-18139" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/2006/4 - Policy options and possible actions to expedite implementation: air pollution/atmosphere</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">21-Dec-2006 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn1720076-policy-options-and-possible-actio-18118" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/2007/6 - Policy options and possible actions to expedite implementation: inter-linkages and cross-… </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Secretary-General Reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">20-Dec-2006 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn1720077-major-groups-priorities-actio-18119" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/2007/7 - Major groups priorities for action on energy for sustainable development, industrial… </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Meeting reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">15-Dec-2006 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/atmosphere-and-air-pollution-19006" hreflang="en">Atmosphere and Air Pollution</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Other documents </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">27-Dec-2005 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn172001pc12-protection-atmosphere-18114" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/2001/PC/12 - Protection of the Atmosphere</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Secretary-General Reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">2-Mar-2001 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn1720016-secretary-generals-note-18140" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/2001/6 - Secretary-General's Note for the Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue on Sustainable Energy and Transport… </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Meeting reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">22-Feb-2001 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn1720012-protection-atmosphere-18112" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/2001/2 - Protection of the Atmosphere</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Secretary-General Reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">13-Dec-2000 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn1719972add8-protecting-atmospher-18108" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/1997/2/Add.8 - Protecting of the Atmosphere</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Secretary-General Reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">16-Jan-1997 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn17199622-protection-atmosphere-18107" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/1996/22 - Protection of the Atmosphere</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Secretary-General Reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">20-Feb-1996 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-views-conditional-field-table-column" class="views-field views-field-views-conditional-field"><a href="/documents/ecn17199622add1-protection-atmosphe-18853" hreflang="en">E/CN.17/1996/22/Add.1 - Protection of the atmosphere</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column" class="views-field views-field-name">Secretary-General Reports </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-start" headers="view-field-date-start-table-column">19-Feb-1996 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="statements" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="statements-tab" class="tab-pane fade "> <div> <strong> </strong> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-documents view-id-documents view-display-id-topic_statements_block js-view-dom-id-13522a373beda8b4df87bfeb795a5ce0c10751806e945abf4e3a194e8799924e"> <div class="view-header"> Displaying 1 - 15 of 91 </div> <div class="view-content row"> <div class="table-responsive col"> <table class="table table-hover views-table views-view-table cols-3"> <thead class=''> <tr> <th id="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title" scope="col">Title</th> <th id="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name" scope="col">Category</th> <th id="view-field-date-value-table-column" aria-sort="descending" class="views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" scope="col"><a href="?order=field_date_value&sort=asc" title="sort by Date">Date<span class="tablesort tablesort--asc"> <span class="visually-hidden"> Sort ascending </span> </span> </a></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/saudi-arabia-8785" hreflang="en">Saudi Arabia</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/jordan-8783" hreflang="en">Jordan</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/indonesia-8781" hreflang="en">Indonesia</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/egypt-8779" hreflang="en">Egypt</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/major-group-workers-trade-8792" hreflang="en">Major Group: Workers & Trade </a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/major-group-farmers-8790" hreflang="en">Major Group: Farmers</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/un-habitat-8788" hreflang="en">UN-HABITAT</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/south-africa-8786" hreflang="en">South Africa</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/republic-korea-8784" hreflang="en">Republic of Korea</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/jamaica-8782" hreflang="en">Jamaica</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/group-77-china-8780" hreflang="en">Group of 77 & China</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/australia-8778" hreflang="en">Australia</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/major-group-women-8791" hreflang="en">Major Group: Women</a> </td> <td headers="view-name-table-column--2" class="views-field views-field-name"> </td> <td class="text-nowrap views-field views-field-field-date-value is-active" headers="view-field-date-value-table-column">1-May-2007 </td> </tr> <tr> <td headers="view-title-table-column" class="views-field views-field-title"><a href="/statements/major-group-business-industry-8789" hreflang="en">Major Group: Business & Industry</a> </td> <td 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view-id-milestones view-display-id-topics_milestones js-view-dom-id-4a860c7bdc8506d020bebb9190a9045d150f5c8dab4b1c3c38578a10b2174998"> <div class="view-header"> <div class="heading-block"> <div class="row"> <div class="heading-text col-12 col-sm-6 col-lg-4"> <h2>Milestones</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="view-content row"> <ul class="timeline2" style="list-style:none;">  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 2015</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">2030 Agenda (Paragraph 31)</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, through paragraph 31 “calls for the widest possible international cooperation aimed at accelerating the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions and addressing adaptation to the adverse impacts of climate change”.</div> </div> </li>  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 2012</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/rio20/futurewewant" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">Future We Want (Paragraph 190-191)</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">In the Future We Want, Member States express their profound alarm about the continuous rising, at global level, of greenhouse emission and the "significant gap between the aggregate effect of mitigation pledges by parties in terms of global annual emissions of greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with having a likely chance of holding the increase in global average temperature below 2° C, or 1.5° C above pre- industrial levels".</div> </div> </li>  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 2009</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="http://ozone.unep.org/en/treaties-and-decisions" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol: 1st multilateral environmental treaties achieving universal ratification</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">The Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol became the first treaties in the history of the United Nations to achieve universal ratification on 16th September 2009.</div> </div> </li>  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 2002</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/milesstones/wssd" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">JPOI (Chap. 4 and 9)</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">In the JPOI, Member States - express their concern for the changes occurred in the Earth’s climate and the adverse effects that these changes have on humankind, - reaffirm the importance of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and - recommit in the achievement of the “ultimate objective of stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropocentric interference with the climate system”. Atmosphere is also mentioned in Chapter 9 under the other Regional Initiatives. in particular under the section devoted to Sustainable development in Asia and the Pacific.</div> </div> </li>  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 1995</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="http://www.un.org/en/events/ozoneday/" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">1st Int. Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">By proclaiming in 1994, 16 September, the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer, the UN GA wanted to commemorate the date the Montreal Protocol was signed in 1987. In this context, Member States were invited to devote the Day to promote activities in accordance with the objectives of the Protocol and its amendments.</div> </div> </li>  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 1992</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/index.php?page=view&type=400&nr=23&menu=35" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">Agenda 21 (Chap.9)</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">Protection of the atmosphere is a broad and multidimensional endeavor involving various sectors of economic activity. Agenda 21 notes that activities that may be undertaken in pursuit of the objectives of Chapter 9 "Protection of the Atmosphere" should be co-ordinated with social and economic development in an integrated manner with a view to avoiding adverse impacts on the latter, taking into full account the legitimate priority needs of developing countries for the achievement of sustained economic growth and the eradication of poverty.</div> </div> </li>  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 1991</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="http://www.multilateralfund.org/default.aspx" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">Establishment of the Multilateral Fund</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">Created in1990 by a decision of the Second Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol, the Multilateral Fund became operational in 1991 in order to assist developing countries, parties to the Montreal Protocol, whose annual level of consumption of the ozone depleting substances (ODS) chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons is less than 0.3 kilograms per capita, to comply with the control measures of the Protocol.</div> </div> </li>  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 1989</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="http://ozone.unep.org/en/treaties-and-decisions/montreal-protocol-substances-deplete-ozone-layer" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">Montreal Protocol</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">Aimed at reducing production and consumption of ozone depleting substances, the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer contains an adjustment provision enabling Parties to the Protocol to quickly respond to new scientific information and accelerate the reductions required on chemicals already covered by the Protocol. These adjustments were then automatically applicable to all countries that ratified the Protocol. Since its initial adoption, the Montreal Protocol has been adjusted six times.</div> </div> </li>  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 1988</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="http://ozone.unep.org/en/treaties-and-decisions/vienna-convention-protection-ozone-layer" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">Vienna Convention</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">Adopted in 1985 and entered into force in 1988, the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer became the first Convention of any kind to achieve universal ratification in 2009. The Convention aimed at promoting cooperation by means of systematic observations, research and information exchange on the effects of human activities on the ozone layer and at adopting legislative or administrative measures against activities likely to have adverse effects on the ozone layer.</div> </div> </li>  <li> <div class="direction-r"> <div class="flag-wrapper"> <span class="hexa"></span> <span class="time-wrapper"> <span class="time">January 1977</span> </span> <span class="flag"> <a href="http://www.iisd.ca/process/ozone_regime_intro.htm" target="_blank" style="color:#4d4d4d;">World Plan of Action on the Ozone Layer</a> </span> </div> <div class="desc">In the early 1970s, scientists raised their first concerns on the release, into the atmosphere, of substances which could deplete the ozone layer, hindering its ability to prevent harmful ultraviolet rays from reaching the Earth. This would adversely affect ocean ecosystems, agricultural productivity and animal populations, and harm humans through higher rates of skin cancers, cataracts and weakened immune systems. In response to this growing concern, UNEP convened a conference, in March 1977, which adopted a World Plan of Action on the Ozone Layer and established a Coordinating Committee of the Ozone Layer (CCOL) to guide future international action on ozone and periodically assess ozone depletion.</div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <section class="mb-5"> <div class="mb-5 row-spacing"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="container-test view view-goals-content view-id-goals_content view-display-id-events_related_goal js-view-dom-id-505034226792ebcaacfb13185f22e6ab37f5df36feae569f859d58689c39e800"> <div class="view-header"> <div class="heading-block"> <div class="row"> <div class="heading-text col-12 col-sm-6 col-lg-4"> <h2>EVENTS</h2> </div> <div class="heading-button col-12 col-sm-3"> <a class="btn btn-un btn-primary" href="/events">See all events</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="view-content row"> <div class="card card-events events-02 col-sm-6 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