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</audio> <button class="pure-button p_button" style=" display: inline;" type="button" onclick="audf_play_pause()"> 🔊  </button> <script> function audf_play_pause() { var myAudiof = document.getElementById("myAudio_f"); if (myAudiof.paused) { myAudiof.play(); } else { myAudiof.pause(); }} </script></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main">  <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <a href="#" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-heading">▸▸</a> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇬🇧 Bismuth</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇺🇦 Вісмут</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇨🇳 鉍</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇳🇱 Bismut</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇫🇷 Bismuth</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇩🇪 Bismut</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇱 ביסמות</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇹 Bismuto</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇯🇵 ビスマス</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇵🇹 Bismuto</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇪🇸 Bismuto</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇸🇪 Vismut</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇷🇺 Висмут</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="google_navbar_positioning"> <form action="https://www.google.com" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-9334432533380510:6223510783"> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8"> <input type="text" name="q" size="28"> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search"> </div> </form> <script> </script> </div> </div> </div> <main> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <h1 class="p">Bismuth - <sub><small>83</small></sub>Bi: reactions of elements</h1> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <ul class="pure-menu-list z_menu"> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a href="../bismuth/" class="pure-menu-link">▸▸ Bi Essentials</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/physics.html">Physical properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/atoms.html">Electron shell data</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/atom_sizes.html">Atom sizes</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/electronegativity.html">Electronegativity</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/isotopes.html" >Isotopes and NMR</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/crystal_structure.html">Crystal structure</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/thermochemistry.html">Thermochemistry</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/history.html">History</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/uses.html">Uses</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/geology.html">Geology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/biology.html">Biology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/compounds.html">Binary compounds</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/compound_properties.html" >Compound properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/chemistry.html">Element reactions</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item p"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../bismuth/contents.html">List all Bi properties</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="p">Reaction of bismuth with air</h2> <p class="p_first">Upon heating, bismuth reacts with oxygen in air to form the trioxide bismuth(III) oxide, Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The flame is bluish white.</p> <p class="equation">4Bi(s) + 3O<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(s)</p> <h2 class="p">Reaction of bismuth with water</h2> <p class="p_first">At red heat, bismuth reacts with water to form the trioxide bismuth(III) oxide, Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.</p> <p class="equation">2Bi(s) + 3H<sub>2</sub>O(g) → Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>(s) + 3H<sub>2</sub>(g)</p> <h2 class="p">Reaction of bismuth with the halogens</h2> <p class="p_first">Bismuth reacts with fluorine, F<sub>2</sub>, to form the pentafluoride bismuth(V) fluoride. </p> <p class="equation">2Bi(s) + 5F<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2 BiF<sub>5</sub>(s) [white]</p> <p>Bismuth reacts under controlled conditions with the halogens fluorine, F<sub>2</sub>, chlorine, Cl<sub>2</sub>, bromine, Br<sub>2</sub>, and iodine, I<sub>2</sub>, to form the respective trihalides bismuth(III) fluoride, BiF<sub>3</sub>, bismuth(III) chloride, BiCl<sub>3</sub>, bismuth(III) bromide, BiBr<sub>3</sub>, and bismuth(III) iodide, BiI<sub>3</sub>.</p> <p class="equation">2Bi(s) + 3F<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2BiF<sub>3</sub>(s) []</p> <p class="equation">2Bi(s) + 3Cl<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2BiCl<sub>3</sub>(s) []</p> <p class="equation">2Bi(s) + 3Br<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2BiBr<sub>3</sub>(s) []</p> <p class="equation">2Bi(s) + 3I<sub>2</sub>(g) → 2BiI<sub>3</sub>(s) []</p> <h2 class="p">Reaction of bismuth with acids</h2> <p class="p_first">Bismuth dissolves in concentrated sulphuric acid, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, or nitric acid, HNO<sub>3</sub>, to form solutions containing Bi(III). The sulphuric acid reaction produces sulphur(IV) dioxide gas. With hydrochloric acid in the presence of oxygen, bismuth(III) chloride is produced.</p> <p class="equation">4Bi(s) + 3O<sub>2</sub>(g) + 12HCl(aq) → 4BiCl<sub>3</sub>(aq) + 6H<sub>2</sub>O(l)</p> <h2 class="p">Reaction of bismuth with bases</h2> </main> <div id="footer"> <footer> <div class="footer"> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Key properties</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/eneg_pauling/">Electronegativity </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/melting_point/">Melting point</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/density/">Density </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/molar_volume/">Molar volume</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/ionis_energy_1/">Ionization energy (1st)</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/covalent_radius/">Covalent radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/metallic_radius/">Metallic radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/abund_crust/">Abundance: earth's crust</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Shop</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">Sorry, shop closed</li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Social</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/webelements.periodic.table">Facebook</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://twitter.com/periodic_table">Twitter</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.pinterest.com/periodictable/">Pinterest</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Administration</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/your-privacy/" title="Your privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/about-webelements/" title="About WebElements">About</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/" title="Copyright information about WebElements">Copyright</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/acknowledgements/" title="Acknowledgements">Thanks...</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <address> <p> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/"><img class="logo_m" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements home" /></a><br /> <strong>WebElements:</strong> THE periodic table on the WWW [<a href="https://www.webelements.com/">www.webelements.com</a>]<br /> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/">Copyright </a> 1993-2024 <a href="https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/">Mark Winter</a> [ <a href="https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/">The University of Sheffield </a> and WebElements Ltd, UK]. 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