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Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A8_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85" title="بوب كيم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوب كيم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE" title="পাবকেম – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পাবকেম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D9%85" title="پاب‌کم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پاب‌کم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%82" title="പബ്‌കെം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പബ്‌കെം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pubchem" title="Pubchem – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pubchem" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பப்கெம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பப்கெம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1" title="ผับเคม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ผับเคม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="PubChem" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q278487#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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.infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:"><caption class="infobox-title summary">PubChem</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PubChem_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/PubChem_logo.svg/150px-PubChem_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/PubChem_logo.svg/225px-PubChem_logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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Information">NCBI</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Primary citation</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon 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.citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15879180">15879180</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender">Access</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/">pubchem<wbr />.ncbi<wbr />.nlm<wbr />.nih<wbr />.gov</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Download URL</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pc_fetch/pc_fetch-help.html">FTP</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Web_service" title="Web service">Web service</a> URL</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchemdocs.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pug-view">PUG-View</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender">Miscellaneous</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Public domain</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>PubChem</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">database</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemical</a> <a href="/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule">molecules</a> and their activities against <a href="/wiki/Biological_assays" class="mw-redirect" title="Biological assays">biological assays</a>. The system is maintained by the <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">National Center for Biotechnology Information</a> (NCBI), a component of the <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Medicine">National Library of Medicine</a>, which is part of the United States <a href="/wiki/National_Institutes_of_Health" title="National Institutes of Health">National Institutes of Health</a> (NIH). PubChem can be accessed for free through a <a href="/wiki/Web_user_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Web user interface">web user interface</a>. Millions of compound structures and descriptive datasets can be freely downloaded via <a href="/wiki/FTP" class="mw-redirect" title="FTP">FTP</a>. PubChem contains multiple substance descriptions and small molecules with fewer than 100 atoms and 1,000 bonds. More than 80 database vendors contribute to the growing PubChem database.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PubChem&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PubChem was released in 2004 as a component of the Molecular Libraries Program (MLP) of the NIH. As of November 2015, PubChem contains more than 150 million depositor-provided substance descriptions, 60 million unique chemical structures, and 225 million biological activity test results (from over 1 million assay experiments performed on more than 2 million small-molecules covering almost 10,000 unique protein target sequences that correspond to more than 5,000 genes). It also contains <a href="/wiki/RNA_interference" title="RNA interference">RNA interference</a> (RNAi) screening assays that target over 15,000 genes.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of August 2018, PubChem contains 247.3 million substance descriptions, 96.5 million unique chemical structures, contributed by 629 data sources from 40 countries. It also contains 237 million bioactivity test results from 1.25 million biological assays, covering >10,000 target protein sequences.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2020, with data integration from over 100 new sources, PubChem contains more than 293 million depositor-provided substance descriptions, 111 million unique chemical structures, and 271 million bioactivity data points from 1.2 million biological assays experiments.<sup id="cite_ref-2021NAR_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021NAR-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Databases">Databases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PubChem&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Databases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PubChem consists of three dynamically growing primary databases. As of 5 November 2020 (number of BioAssays is unchanged): </p> <ul><li>Compounds, 111 million entries<sup id="cite_ref-2021NAR_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021NAR-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (up from 94 million entries in 2017<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), contains pure and characterized chemical compounds.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Substances, 293 million entries<sup id="cite_ref-2021NAR_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021NAR-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (up from 236 million entries in 2017<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 163 million in Sept. 2014<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), contains also mixtures, <a href="/wiki/Extract" title="Extract">extracts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Complex_(chemistry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Complex (chemistry)">complexes</a> and uncharacterized substances.</li> <li>BioAssay, <a href="/wiki/Bioactivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Bioactivity">bioactivity</a> results from 1.25 million<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (up from 6,000 in Sept. 2014<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) <a href="/wiki/High-throughput_screening" title="High-throughput screening">high-throughput screening</a> programs with several million values.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Searching">Searching</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PubChem&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Searching"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Searching the databases is possible for a broad range of properties including chemical structure, name fragments, <a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">chemical formula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Molecular_mass" title="Molecular mass">molecular weight</a>, <a href="/wiki/XLogP" class="mw-redirect" title="XLogP">XLogP</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_bond" title="Hydrogen bond">hydrogen bond</a> donor and acceptor count. </p><p>PubChem contains its own online <a href="/wiki/Molecule_editor" title="Molecule editor">molecule editor</a> with <a href="/wiki/Simplified_molecular_input_line_entry_specification" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified molecular input line entry specification">SMILES</a>/SMARTS and <a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a> support that allows the import and export of all common <a href="/wiki/Chemical_file_format" title="Chemical file format">chemical file formats</a> to search for structures and fragments. </p><p>Each hit provides information about synonyms, chemical properties, chemical structure including SMILES and InChI strings, bioactivity, and links to structurally related compounds and other NCBI databases like <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>. </p><p>In the text search form the database fields can be searched by adding the field name in square brackets to the search term. A numeric range is represented by two numbers separated by a colon. The search terms and field names are case-insensitive. Parentheses and the <a href="/wiki/Logical_operator" class="mw-redirect" title="Logical operator">logical operators</a> AND, OR, and NOT can be used. AND is assumed if no operator is used. </p><p>Example (<a href="/wiki/Lipinski%27s_Rule_of_Five" class="mw-redirect" title="Lipinski's Rule of Five">Lipinski's Rule of Five</a>): </p> <pre>0:500[mw] 0:5[hbdc] 0:10[hbac] -5:5[logp] </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Database_fields">Database fields</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PubChem&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Database fields"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3"><br /> <b>Identification numbers</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Identification number in current database</td> <td>[UID] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Substance identification number</td> <td>[SID] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Compound identification number</td> <td>[CID] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>BioAssay identification number</td> <td>[BAID], [AID] </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><br /> <b>General</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Any database field</td> <td>[ALL] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Comment</td> <td>[CMT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Deposition date</td> <td>[DDAT], [DEPDAT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Depositor's external ID</td> <td>[SRID], [SRCID] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Source name</td> <td>[SRC], [SRCNAM], [SRCNAME] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Source release date</td> <td>[SRD], [SRDAT], [RLSDAT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Heading" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Subject Heading">Medical Subject Heading</a> (MeSH) term</td> <td>[MSHT], [MESHT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>MeSH tree node</td> <td>[MSHN], [MESHTN] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>MeSH pharmacological actions</td> <td>[PHMA], [PHARMA] </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><br /> <b>Substance properties</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Substance synonyms</td> <td>[SYNO] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/IUPAC_name" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC name">IUPAC name</a></td> <td>[UPAC], [IUPAC] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">International Chemical Identifier</a> (InChI)</td> <td>[INCHI] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Molecular_mass" title="Molecular mass">Molecular weight</a></td> <td>[MW], [MWT], [MOLWT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element">Chemical elements</a></td> <td>[ELMT], [EL] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Non-Hydrogen atoms</td> <td>[HAC], [HACNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isotope" title="Isotope">Isotope</a> count</td> <td>[IAC], [IACNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Total <a href="/wiki/Formal_charge" title="Formal charge">formal charge</a></td> <td>[TFC], [CHG], [CHRG] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chirality_(chemistry)" title="Chirality (chemistry)">Chiral</a> atom count</td> <td>[ACC], [ACCNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Defined chiral atom count</td> <td>[ACDC], [ACDCNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Undefined chiral atom count</td> <td>[ACUC], [ACUCNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_bond" title="Hydrogen bond">Hydrogen bond</a> acceptor count</td> <td>[HBAC], [HBACNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Hydrogen bond donor count</td> <td>[HBDC], [HBDCNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tautomer" title="Tautomer">Tautomer</a> count</td> <td>[TC], [TCNT], [TTMC] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Rotatable bond count</td> <td>[RBC], [RBCNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td><a href="/wiki/XLogP" class="mw-redirect" title="XLogP">XLogP</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>[XLGP], [LOGP] </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"><br /> <b>Compound properties</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Compound synonyms</td> <td>[CSYN], [CSYNO] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Component count</td> <td>[CC], [CCNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Covalent unit (molecule) count</td> <td>[CUC], [CUCNT] </td></tr> <tr> <td>•</td> <td>Total bioactivity count</td> <td>[TAC] </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PubChem&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_database" title="Chemical database">Chemical database</a> <ul><li>CAS Common Chemistry - run by the American Chemical Society</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_Toxicogenomics_Database" title="Comparative Toxicogenomics Database">Comparative Toxicogenomics Database</a> - run by North Carolina State University</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a> - run by European Bioinformatics Institute</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> - run by UK's Royal Society of Chemistry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a> - run by the University of Alberta</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a> - run by Swiss-based International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moltable&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moltable (page does not exist)">Moltable</a> - run by India's National Chemical Laboratory</li> <li>PubChem - run by the National Institute of Health, USA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BindingDB" title="BindingDB">BindingDB</a> - run by the University of California, San Diego</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCRIPDB" title="SCRIPDB">SCRIPDB</a> - run by the University of Toronto, Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">National Center for Biotechnology Information</a> (NCBI) - run by the National Institute of Health, USA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entrez" title="Entrez">Entrez</a> - run by the National Institute of Health, USA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GenBank" title="GenBank">GenBank</a> - run by the National Institute of Health, USA</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PubChem&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKimThiessenChengZhang2019" class="citation journal cs1">Kim, Sunghwan; Thiessen, Paul A.; Cheng, Tiejun; Zhang, Jian; Gindulyte, Asta; Bolton, Evan E. 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USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+PubChem+Project&rft.atitle=PubChem+Source+Information&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsources%2Fsources.cgi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APubChem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKimThiessenChengYu2016" class="citation journal cs1">Kim, Sunghwan; Thiessen, Paul A.; Cheng, Tiejun; Yu, Bo; Shoemaker, Benjamin A.; Wang, Jiyao; Bolton, Evan E.; Wang, Yanli; Bryant, Stephen H. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4901473">"Literature information in PubChem: associations between PubChem records and scientific articles"</a>. <i>Journal of Cheminformatics</i>. <b>8</b>: Article 32. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs13321-016-0142-6">10.1186/s13321-016-0142-6</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4901473">4901473</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27293485">27293485</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Cheminformatics&rft.atitle=Literature+information+in+PubChem%3A+associations+between+PubChem+records+and+scientific+articles&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=Article+32&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4901473%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27293485&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs13321-016-0142-6&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Sunghwan&rft.au=Thiessen%2C+Paul+A.&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Tiejun&rft.au=Yu%2C+Bo&rft.au=Shoemaker%2C+Benjamin+A.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jiyao&rft.au=Bolton%2C+Evan+E.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yanli&rft.au=Bryant%2C+Stephen+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4901473&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APubChem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pccompound?term=all%5Bfilt%5D&cmd=search">"Search Results for all compounds"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+PubChem+Project&rft.atitle=all%5Bfilt%26%2393%3B+-+PubChem+Substance+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3Fterm%3Dall%255Bfilt%255D%26cmd%3Dsearch%26db%3Dpcsubstance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APubChem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?term=all%5Bfilt%5D&cmd=search&db=pcsubstance">"all[filt] - PubChem Substance Results"</a>. <i>The PubChem Project</i>. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+PubChem+Project&rft.atitle=all%5Bfilt%26%2393%3B+-+PubChem+Substance+Results&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fsites%2Fentrez%3Fterm%3Dall%255Bfilt%255D%26cmd%3Dsearch%26db%3Dpcsubstance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APubChem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?term=all%5Bfilt%5D&cmd=search&db=pcassay">"all[filt] - PubChem BioAssay Results"</a>. <i>The PubChem Project</i>. 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"Computation of octanol-water partition coefficients by guiding an additive model with knowledge". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Chemical_Information_and_Modeling" title="Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling">Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling</a></i>. <b>47</b> (6): 2140–2148. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fci700257y">10.1021/ci700257y</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17985865">17985865</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chemical+Information+and+Modeling&rft.atitle=Computation+of+octanol-water+partition+coefficients+by+guiding+an+additive+model+with+knowledge&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=2140-2148&rft.date=2007-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fci700257y&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17985865&rft.au=Cheng+T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APubChem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PubChem&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/60px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/80px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> has the properties: <ul><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P662" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P662">PubChem CID (P662)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP662%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P662%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P2153" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P2153">PubChem Substance ID (SID) (P2153)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP2153%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P2153%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P2874" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P2874">NO LABEL (P2874)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" 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