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recycling</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: concrete recycling"> <meta name="keywords" content="concrete recycling"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="concrete recycling"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2437</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: concrete recycling</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2437</span> Concrete Recycling in Egypt for Construction Applications: A Technical and Financial Feasibility Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Farahat%20Hassanein">Omar Farahat Hassanein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Samer%20Ezeldin"> A. Samer Ezeldin </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The construction industry is a very dynamic field. Every day new technologies and methods are developing to fasten the process and increase its efficiency. Hence, if a project uses fewer resources, it will be more efficient. This paper examines the recycling of concrete construction and demolition (C&D) waste to reuse it as aggregates in on-site applications for construction projects in Egypt and possibly in the Middle East. The study focuses on a stationary plant setting. The machinery set-up used in the plant is analyzed technically and financially. The findings are gathered and grouped to obtain a comprehensive cost-benefit financial model to demonstrate the feasibility of establishing and operating a concrete recycling plant. Furthermore, a detailed business plan including the time and hierarchy is proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20wastes" title="construction wastes">construction wastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20model" title=" financial model"> financial model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20recycling" title=" concrete recycling"> concrete recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20life%20cycle" title=" concrete life cycle"> concrete life cycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3051/concrete-recycling-in-egypt-for-construction-applications-a-technical-and-financial-feasibility-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2436</span> Recycling of End of Life Concrete Based on C2CA Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somayeh%20Lotfi">Somayeh Lotfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manuel%20Eggimann"> Manuel Eggimann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eckhard%20Wagner"> Eckhard Wagner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rados%C5%82aw%20Mr%C3%B3z"> Radosław Mróz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Deja"> Jan Deja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the main environmental challenges in the construction industry is a strong social force to decrease the bulk transport of the building materials in urban environments. Considering this fact, applying more in-situ recycling technologies for Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) is an urgent need. The European C2CA project develops a novel concrete recycling technology that can be performed purely mechanically and in situ. The technology consists of a combination of smart demolition, gentle grinding of the crushed concrete in an autogenous mill, and a novel dry classification technology called ADR to remove the fines. The feasibility of this recycling process was examined in demonstration projects involving in total 20,000 tons of End of Life (EOL) concrete from two office towers in Groningen, The Netherlands. This paper concentrates on the second demonstration project of C2CA, where EOL concrete was recycled on an industrial site. After recycling, the properties of the produced Recycled Aggregate (RA) were investigated, and results are presented. An experimental study was carried out on mechanical and durability properties of produced Recycled Aggregate Concrete (RAC) compared to those of the Natural Aggregate Concrete (NAC). The aim was to understand the importance of RA substitution, w/c ratio and type of cement to the properties of RAC. In this regard, two series of reference concrete with strength classes of C25/30 and C45/55 were produced using natural coarse aggregates (rounded and crushed) and natural sand. The RAC series were created by replacing parts of the natural aggregate, resulting in series of concrete with 0%, 20%, 50% and 100% of RA. Results show that the concrete mix design and type of cement have a decisive effect on the properties of RAC. On the other hand, the substitution of RA even at a high percentage replacement level has a minor and manageable impact on the performance of RAC. This result is a good indication towards the feasibility of using RA in structural concrete by modifying the mix design and using a proper type of cement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C2CA" title="C2CA">C2CA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADR" title=" ADR"> ADR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20recycling" title=" concrete recycling"> concrete recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20aggregate" title=" recycled aggregate"> recycled aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46104/recycling-of-end-of-life-concrete-based-on-c2ca-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2435</span> Role of Sequestration of CO2 Due to the Carbonation in Total CO2 Emission Balance in Concrete Life </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20P.%20Woyciechowski">P. P. Woyciechowski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Calculation of the carbon footprint of cement concrete is a complex process including consideration of the phase of primary life (components and concrete production processes, transportation, construction works, maintenance of concrete structures) and secondary life, including demolition and recycling. Taking into consideration the effect of concrete carbonation can lead to a reduction in the calculated carbon footprint of concrete. In this paper, an example of CO<sub>2</sub> balance for small bridge elements made of Portland cement reinforced concrete was done. The results include the effect of carbonation of concrete in a structure and of concrete rubble after demolition. It was shown that important impact of carbonation on the balance is possible only when rubble carbonation is possible. It was related to the fact that only the sequestration potential in the secondary phase of concrete life has significant value. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20footprint" title="carbon footprint">carbon footprint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance%20of%20carbon%20dioxide%20in%20nature" title=" balance of carbon dioxide in nature"> balance of carbon dioxide in nature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20carbonation" title=" concrete carbonation"> concrete carbonation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20sequestration%20potential%20of%20concrete" title=" the sequestration potential of concrete"> the sequestration potential of concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113902/role-of-sequestration-of-co2-due-to-the-carbonation-in-total-co2-emission-balance-in-concrete-life" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113902.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2434</span> Recycled Aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste Suitable for Concrete Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimira%20Vytlacilova">Vladimira Vytlacilova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents the latest research trend in the discipline of construction and demolition (C&D) waste management in Czech Republic. The results of research interest exhibit an increasing research interest in C&D waste management practices in recent years. Construction and demolition waste creates a major portion of total solid waste production in the world and most of it is used in landfills, for reclamation or landscaping all the time. The quality of recycled aggregates for use in concrete construction depends on recycling practices. Classifications, composition and contaminants influence the mechanical-physical properties as well as environmental risks related to its utilization. The second part of contribution describes properties of fibre reinforced concrete with the full replacement of natural aggregate by recycled one (concrete or masonry rubble). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20and%20demolition%20waste" title="construction and demolition waste">construction and demolition waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibre%20reinforced%20concrete" title=" fibre reinforced concrete"> fibre reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20aggregate" title=" recycled aggregate"> recycled aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60420/recycled-aggregates-from-construction-and-demolition-waste-suitable-for-concrete-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2433</span> A Study on Marble Based Geopolymer Mortar / Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Hao%20Lee">Wei-Hao Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ta-Wui%20Cheng"> Ta-Wui Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yung-Chin%20Ding"> Yung-Chin Ding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tai-Tien%20Wang"> Tai-Tien Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is trying to use marble wastes as the raw material to fabricate geopolymer green mortar / concrete. Experiment results show that using marble to make geopolymer mortar and concrete, the compressive strength after 28 days curing can reach 35 MPa and 25 MPa, respectively. The characteristics of marble-based geopolymer green mortar and concrete will keep testing for a long term in order to understand the effect parameters. The study is based on resource recovery and recycling. Its basic characteristics are low consumption, low carbon dioxide emission and high efficiency that meet the international tendency 'Circular Economy.' By comparing with Portland cement mortar and concrete, production 1 ton of marble-based geopolymer mortar and concrete, they can be saved around 50.3% and 49.6% carbon dioxide emission, respectively. Production 1 m3 of marble-based geopolymer concrete costs about 62 USD that cheaper than that of traditional Portland concrete. It is proved that the marble-based geopolymer concrete has great potential for further engineering development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marble" title="marble">marble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolymer" title=" geopolymer"> geopolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolymer%20concrete" title=" geopolymer concrete"> geopolymer concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20emission" title=" CO₂ emission"> CO₂ emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69034/a-study-on-marble-based-geopolymer-mortar-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2432</span> Impact of Locally Available Recycled Concrete Aggregate on Concrete’s Mechanical and Durability Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Bu%C5%A1i%C4%87">Robert Bušić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Mili%C4%8Devi%C4%87"> Ivana Miličević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larisa%20%C5%A0arga%C4%8D"> Larisa Šargač</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The construction industry generates a large amount of waste, which poses a challenge for disposal and often requires significant areas for landfill. Therefore, recycling construction waste has become imperative. This study focuses on investigating the use of locally available recycled concrete as a substitute for traditional aggregates and analyzing the impact of this change on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. The research begins with the crushing of locally available waste concrete, followed by sieving and sorting the aggregate into different fractions. Four concrete mix designs were created, with one serving as a reference mixture without recycled aggregate, while the remaining three mixes included recycled aggregate in varying proportions. The experimental part includes testing the key properties of concrete in both fresh and hardened states, including slump and flow tests, compressive strength, static modulus of elasticity, and shrinkage of the concrete, with the aim of assessing the impact of locally available recycled aggregate on concrete properties. By using experimental testing methods, the results were compared with conventional concrete, providing deeper insights into the potential advantages and disadvantages of using locally available recycled concrete in various construction projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20aggregate" title=" recycled aggregate"> recycled aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194656/impact-of-locally-available-recycled-concrete-aggregate-on-concretes-mechanical-and-durability-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2431</span> Influence of Recycled Polymer-Based Aggregates on Mechanical Properties of Polymer Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Kurklu">Ahmet Kurklu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdussamed%20Sarp"> Abdussamed Sarp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gokmen%20Arikan"> Gokmen Arikan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akin%20Eren"> Akin Eren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arif%20Ulu"> Arif Ulu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferit%20Cakir"> Ferit Cakir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our natural resources are diminishing day by day with the needs of the growing world population. There is a danger that these resources will be depleted if they are not used in a controlled manner. As a result of the rapid increase in the consumption of limited natural resources, one of the issues where studies have gained importance is recycling. Many countries have carried out various research and development activities on recycling and reuse to prevent wastage of resources. For sustainable and healthy living, the limited amount of raw material resources in nature should be consumed consciously, and the necessary awareness should be given for recycling activities. One of the sectors where the consumption of raw materials is high is the construction sector. With the changing consumption habits of the evolving technology in the construction sector, the need to use special concrete along with the normal concrete has arisen. With the increasing need for specialty concretes, polymer concrete, which was discovered in the early 1900s, has evolved to the present day. Polymer concretes are special concretes with high strength, water impermeability, resistance to chemical action, and low surface roughness. Thanks to these properties, they find wide applications in many fields such as swimming pools, drainage systems, repair works. In the study, the effect of using recycled aggregates instead of natural aggregates in the production of polymer concrete on the performance of polymer concrete is investigated. In the experiments conducted for this purpose, the use of natural aggregate is reduced at certain rates, and instead, recycled aggregate is added at the same rate. The recycled aggregate to be used in the study is obtained from the polymer concrete drainage channel production facility of Mert Casting Co., Istanbul, Turkey. In order to clearly observe the effect of recycled materials on the product in the study, the other components (resin, hardener, accelerator, and additive) are kept constant in the concrete mix. In the study, fresh and hardened concrete tests are to be carried out on the mixes to be prepared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20concrete" title=" polymer concrete"> polymer concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycle%20aggregate" title=" recycle aggregate"> recycle aggregate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136832/influence-of-recycled-polymer-based-aggregates-on-mechanical-properties-of-polymer-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2430</span> Effect of Crashed Stone on Properties of Fly Ash Based-Geopolymer Concrete with Local Alkaline Activator in Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20M.%20Omar">O. M. Omar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20D.%20Abd%20Elhameed"> G. D. Abd Elhameed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Heniegal"> A. M. Heniegal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Mohamadien"> H. A. Mohamadien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Green concrete are generally composed of recycling materials as hundred or partial percent substitutes for aggregate, cement, and admixture in concrete. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, efforts are needed to develop environmentally friendly construction materials. Using of fly ash based geopolymer as an alternative binder can help reduce CO2 emission of concrete. The binder of geopolymer concrete is different from the ordinary Portland cement concrete. Geopolymer Concrete specimens were prepared with different concentration of NaOH solution M10, M14, and, M16 and cured at 60 ºC in duration of 24 hours and 8 hours, in addition to the curing in direct sunlight. Thus, it is necessary to study the effects of the geopolymer binder on the behavior of concrete. Concrete is made by using geopolymer technology is environmental friendly and could be considered as part of the sustainable development. In this study the Local Alkaline Activator in Egypt and dolomite as coarse aggregate in fly ash based-geopolymer concrete was investigated. This paper illustrates the development of mechanical properties. Since the gained compressive strength for geopolymer concrete at 28 days was in the range of 22.5MPa – 43.9MPa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geopolymer" title="geopolymer">geopolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molarity" title=" molarity"> molarity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20hydroxide" title=" sodium hydroxide"> sodium hydroxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20silicate" title=" sodium silicate"> sodium silicate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38420/effect-of-crashed-stone-on-properties-of-fly-ash-based-geopolymer-concrete-with-local-alkaline-activator-in-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2429</span> Impact of the Quality of Aggregate on the Elasticity Modulus of Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Krizova">K. Krizova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This objective of this article is to present concrete that differs by the size of the aggregate used. The set of concrete contained six concrete recipes manufactured as traditional vibrated concrete containing identical basic components of concrete. The experiment focused on monitoring the resulting properties of hardened concrete, specifically the primary strength and modulus of the concrete elasticity and the developing parameters from 7 to 180 days were assessed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregate" title="aggregate">aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement" title=" cement"> cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elasticity%20modulus" title=" elasticity modulus"> elasticity modulus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38600/impact-of-the-quality-of-aggregate-on-the-elasticity-modulus-of-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2428</span> Characterization of Structural Elements Concrete Metal Fibre</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benaouda%20Hemza">Benaouda Hemza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work on the characterization of structural elements in metal fiber concrete is devoted to the study of recyclability, as reinforcement for concrete, of chips resulting from the machining of steel parts. We are interested in this study to the rheological behavior of fresh chips reinforced concrete and its mechanical behavior at a young age. The evaluation of the workability with the LCL workabilimeter shows that optimal sand gravel ratios (S/G) are S/G=0.8, and S/G=1. The study of the content chips (W%) influence on the workability of the concrete shows that the flow time and the S/G optimum increase with W%. For S/G=1.4, the flow time is practically insensitive to the variation of W%, the concrete behavior is similar to that of self-compacting concrete. Mechanical characterization tests (direct tension, compression, bending, and splitting) show that the mechanical properties of chips concrete are comparable to those of the two selected reference concretes (concrete reinforced with conventional fibers: EUROSTEEL fibers corrugated and DRAMIX fibers). Chips provide a significant increase in strength and some ductility in the post-failure behavior of the concrete. Recycling chips as reinforcement for concrete can be favorably considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20concrete" title="fiber concrete">fiber concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chips" title=" chips"> chips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workability" title=" workability"> workability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20tensile%20test" title=" direct tensile test"> direct tensile test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20test" title=" compression test"> compression test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20test" title=" bending test"> bending test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=splitting%20test" title=" splitting test"> splitting test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28327/characterization-of-structural-elements-concrete-metal-fibre" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28327.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2427</span> Characterization of Structural Elements in Metal Fiber Concrete</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ammari%20Abdelhammid">Ammari Abdelhammid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work on the characterization of structural elements in metal fiber concrete is devoted to the study of recyclability, as reinforcement for concrete, of chips resulting from the machining of steel parts. We're interested in this study to the Rheological behavior of fresh chips reinforced concrete and its mechanical behavior at a young age. The evaluation of the workability with the LCL workabilimeter shows that optimal sand gravel ratios ( S/G) are S/G = 0.8 and S/G = 1. The study of the content chips (W%) influence on the workability of the concrete shows that the flow time and the S/G optimum increase with W%. For S/G = 1.4, the flow time is practically insensitive to the variation of W%, the concrete behavior is similar to that of self-compacting concrete. Mechanical characterization tests (direct tension, compression, bending, and splitting) show that the mechanical properties of chips concrete are comparable to those of the two selected reference concretes (concrete reinforced with conventional fibers: Eurosteel fibers corrugated and Dramix fibers). Chips provide a significant increase in strength and some ductility in the post-failure behavior of the concrete. Recycling chips as reinforcement for concrete can be favorably considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20concrete" title="fiber concrete">fiber concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chips" title=" chips"> chips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workability" title=" workability"> workability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20tensile%20test" title=" direct tensile test"> direct tensile test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20test" title=" compression test"> compression test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20test" title=" bending test"> bending test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=splitting%20test" title=" splitting test"> splitting test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30752/characterization-of-structural-elements-in-metal-fiber-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2426</span> Tuning the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Fine Recycled Plastic Aggregates in Concrete Using Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Al-Mansour">Ahmed Al-Mansour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiang%20Zeng"> Qiang Zeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recycling waste plastics in the form of concrete components, i.e. fine aggregates, has been an attractive topic among the society of civil engineers. Not only does the recycling of plastics reduce the overall cost of concrete production, but it also takes part in solving environmental issues. Nevertheless, the incorporation of recycled plastics into concrete results in an increasing reduction in the mechanical properties of concrete as the percentage of replacement of natural aggregates increases. In order to overcome this reduction, Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) was used as an additive in concrete with recycled plastic aggregates. The aim of this additive is to: 1) increase the interfacial interaction at the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between plastic pellets and cement matrix, and 2) mitigate the loss in mechanical properties. Three different groups of samples (i.e. cubes and prisms) were tested according to the plastics substituting fine aggregates. 5, 10, and 15% of fine aggregates were substituted for recycled plastic pellets, and 2 – 4% of the cement was substituted for EVA that produces a flexible agent when mixed properly with water. Compressive and tensile strength tests were conducted for the mechanical properties, while SEM and X-CT scan were implemented for further investigation of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C–S–H) formation and ITZ analysis. The optimal amount of plastic particles with EVA is suggested to get the most compact and dense matrix structure according to the results of this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20durability%20of%20concrete" title="the durability of concrete">the durability of concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethylene-vinyl%20acetate%20%28EVA%29" title=" ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)"> ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20transition%20zone%20%28ITZ%29" title=" interfacial transition zone (ITZ)"> interfacial transition zone (ITZ)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20plastics" title=" recycled plastics"> recycled plastics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132018/tuning-the-microstructure-and-mechanical-properties-of-fine-recycled-plastic-aggregates-in-concrete-using-ethylene-vinyl-acetate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2425</span> Moisture Impact on the Utilization of Recycled Concrete Fine Aggregate to Produce Mortar </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahimullah%20Habibzai">Rahimullah Habibzai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To achieve a sustainable concrete industry, reduce exploitation of the natural aggregate resources, and mitigate waste concrete environmental burden, one way is to use recycled concrete aggregate. The utilization of low-quality fine aggregate inclusively recycled concrete sand that is produced from crushing waste concrete recently has become a popular and challenging topic among researchers nowadays. This study provides a scientific base for promoting the application of concrete waste as fine aggregate in producing concrete by conducting a comprehensive laboratory program. The mechanical properties of mortar made from recycled concrete fine aggregate (RCFA), that is produced by pulse power crushing concrete waste are satisfactory and capable of being utilized in the construction industry. A better treatment of RCFA particles and enhancing its quality will make it possible to be utilized in producing structural concrete. Pulse power discharge technology is proposed in this research to produce RCFA, which is a more effective and promising technique compared to other recycling methods to generate medium to high-quality recycled concrete fine aggregate with a reduced amount of powder, mitigate the environmental burden, and save more space. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20and%20demolition%20waste" title="construction and demolition waste">construction and demolition waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20waste%20recycle%20fine%20aggregate" title=" concrete waste recycle fine aggregate"> concrete waste recycle fine aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20power%20discharge" title=" pulse power discharge"> pulse power discharge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130398/moisture-impact-on-the-utilization-of-recycled-concrete-fine-aggregate-to-produce-mortar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130398.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2424</span> To Optimise the Mechanical Properties of Structural Concrete by Partial Replacement of Natural Aggregates by Glass Aggregates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gavin%20%20Gengan">Gavin Gengan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsein%20Kew"> Hsein Kew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Glass from varying recycling processes is considered a material that can be used as aggregate. Waste glass is available from different sources and has been used in the construction industry over the last decades. This current study aims to use recycled glass as a partial replacement for conventional aggregate materials. The experimental programme was designed to optimise the mechanical properties of structural concrete made with recycled glass aggregates (GA). NA (natural aggregates) was partially substituted by GA in a mix design of concrete of 30N/mm2 in proportions of 10%, 20%, and 25% 30%, 40%, and 50%. It was found that with an increasing proportion of GA, there is a decline in compressive strength. The optimum percentage replacement of NA by GA is 25%. The heat of hydration was also investigated with thermocouples placed in the concrete. This revealed an early acceleration of hydration heat in glass concrete, resulting from the thermal properties of glass. The gain in the heat of hydration and the better bonding of glass aggregates together with the pozzolanic activity of the finest glass particles caused the concrete to develop early age and long-term strength higher than that of control concrete <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20aggregates" title=" glass aggregates"> glass aggregates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20of%20hydration" title=" heat of hydration"> heat of hydration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pozzolanic" title=" pozzolanic"> pozzolanic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137915/to-optimise-the-mechanical-properties-of-structural-concrete-by-partial-replacement-of-natural-aggregates-by-glass-aggregates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137915.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2423</span> The Feasibility of Using Milled Glass Wastes in Concrete to Resist Freezing-Thawing Action</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raed%20Abendeh">Raed Abendeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mousa%20Bani%20Baker"> Mousa Bani Baker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaydoun%20Abu%20Salem"> Zaydoun Abu Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesham%20Ahmad"> Hesham Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The using of waste materials in the construction industry can reduce the dependence on the natural aggregates which are going at the end to deplete. The glass waste is generated in a huge amount which can make one of its disposal in concrete industry effective not only as a green solution but also as an advantage to enhance the performance of mechanical properties and durability of concrete. This article reports the performance of concrete specimens containing different percentages of milled glass waste as a partial replacement of cement (Powder), when they are subject to cycles of freezing and thawing. The tests were conducted on 75-mm cubes and 75 x 75 x 300-mm prisms. Compressive strength based on laboratory testing and non-destructive ultrasonic pulse velocity test were performed during the action of freezing-thawing cycles (F/T). The results revealed that the incorporation of glass waste in concrete mixtures is not only feasible but also showed generally better strength and durability performance than control concrete mixture. It may be said that the recycling of waste glass in concrete mixes is not only a disposal way, but also it can be an exploitation in concrete industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20waste" title=" glass waste"> glass waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freeze-thaw%20cycles" title=" freeze-thaw cycles"> freeze-thaw cycles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-destructive%20test" title=" non-destructive test"> non-destructive test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31024/the-feasibility-of-using-milled-glass-wastes-in-concrete-to-resist-freezing-thawing-action" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2422</span> Economic and Environmental Life Cycle Analysis of Construction and Demolition Waste Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanqing%20Yi">Yanqing Yi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Cristina%20Lavagnolo"> Maria Cristina Lavagnolo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alessandro%20Manzardo"> Alessandro Manzardo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Construction and demolition waste (C&DW) is a major challenge in the European Union, emphasizing the urgent need for appropriate waste management processes. Selecting these solutions is challenging, as it requires identifying efficient C&DW management techniques that balance acceptable practices, regulatory compliance, resource conservation, economic viability, and environmental concerns. Techniques for analyzing many kinds of criteria allow for the use of multi-criteria analysis in life cycle assessment (LCA). Although LCA is commonly used to analyze environmental effects, the economic factor has not been fully integrated into the LCA approach in C&DW management. The life cycle costing (LCC) approach was designed to assess economic performance in the C&DW management process. The choice of an effective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique is critical for the C&DW system. This study seeks to propose a model that employs MCDM by considering LCA and LCC results, thereby augmenting both environmental and economic sustainability. A widely used compensatory MCDM technique, TOPSIS, has been chosen to identify the most effective C&DW management scheme by comparing and ranking various scenarios. Four waste management alternatives were examined in the Lombardy region of Italy, namely, (i) landfill; (ii) recycling for concrete production and road construction, incineration with energy recovery; (iii) recycling for road construction; (iv) recycling for concrete production and road construction. We determine that, with the implementation of various scenarios, the most suitable scenario emerges to be recycled for concrete production and road construction, with a score of 0.711/1; recycling for road construction, with a final score of 0.291/1, ranks second; recycling for concrete production and road construction, incineration with energy recovery scores 0.002/1, ranks third; and landfill (scores: 0/1) is the worst choice, indicating it has the highest environmental impact. Finally, suggestions were developed to improve the system's environmental performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20assessment" title="life cycle assessment">life cycle assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20costing" title=" life cycle costing"> life cycle costing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20and%20demolition%20waste" title=" construction and demolition waste"> construction and demolition waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-criteria%20decision%20making" title=" multi-criteria decision making"> multi-criteria decision making</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182607/economic-and-environmental-life-cycle-analysis-of-construction-and-demolition-waste-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2421</span> Engineering Review of Recycled Concrete Production for Structural and Non-Structural Applications (Green Concrete)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadi%20Rouhi%20Belvirdi">Hadi Rouhi Belvirdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the increasing demand for sustainable development, recycled materials are receiving more attention in construction projects. To promote sustainable development, this review article evaluates the feasibility of using recycled concrete in construction projects from an economic and environmental perspective. The results show that making concrete using recycled concrete is a suitable strategy for sustainable development. A complete examination of the physical and chemical properties of these recycled materials also provides important information about their suitability for use in the construction industry. Most of the studies do not show surprising results of the compressive or bending strength of these materials, and only the aspect of sustainable development of these materials is of interest. Their application can be investigated more in masonry and joinery works, but among them, some studies sometimes obtained more compressive and bending strength than the control sample, which can be used in concrete structures. Most of the cases introduced and discussed in this study can be implemented and help the country and the people of Iran preserve the environment and discuss sustainable development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20recycling" title="environmental recycling">environmental recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20materials" title=" recycled materials"> recycled materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20management" title=" construction management"> construction management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192244/engineering-review-of-recycled-concrete-production-for-structural-and-non-structural-applications-green-concrete" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192244.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2420</span> Analysis of Possibilities for Using Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Concrete Pavement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Pernicova">R. Pernicova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Dobias"> D. Dobias</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present article describes the limits of using recycled concrete aggregate (denoted as RCA) in the top layer of concrete roads. The main aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of reuse of recycled aggregates obtained by crushing the old concrete roads as a building material in the new top layers of concrete pavements. The paper is based on gathering the current knowledge about how to use recycled concrete aggregate, suitability, and modification of the properties and its standards. Regulations are detailed and described especially for European Union and for Czech Republic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Czech%20republic" title=" Czech republic"> Czech republic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pavements" title=" pavements"> pavements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20concrete%20aggregate" title=" recycled concrete aggregate"> recycled concrete aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RCA" title=" RCA"> RCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standards" title=" standards"> standards</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50744/analysis-of-possibilities-for-using-recycled-concrete-aggregate-in-concrete-pavement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2419</span> Production and Recycling of Construction and Demolition Waste </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimira%20Vytlacilova">Vladimira Vytlacilova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recycling of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) and their new reuse in structures is one of the solutions of environmental problems. Construction and demolition waste creates a major portion of total solid waste production in the world and most of it is used in landfills all the time. The paper deals with the situation of the recycling of the building and demolition waste in the Czech Republic during the recent years. The paper is dealing with questions of C&D waste recycling, it also characterizes construction and demolition waste in general, furthermore it analyses production of construction waste and subsequent production of recycled materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recycling" title="Recycling">Recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Construction%20and%20demolition%20waste" title=" Construction and demolition waste"> Construction and demolition waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Recycled%20rubble" title=" Recycled rubble"> Recycled rubble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waste%20management" title=" Waste management"> Waste management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9598/production-and-recycling-of-construction-and-demolition-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2418</span> Concrete Performance Evaluation of Coarse Aggregate Replacement by Civil Construction Waste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juliane%20P.%20De%20Oliveira">Juliane P. De Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20%20H.%20Dos%20Santos"> Carlos H. Dos Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcia%20Shoji"> Marcia Shoji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20%20E.%20C.%20Ferreira"> Maria E. C. Ferreira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20U.%20Yamaguchi"> Natalia U. Yamaguchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The construction sector is considered a major generator of environmental impacts due to the high consumption of natural resources and waste generation. Thus, this article aims to evaluate the performance of a concrete produced by the partial and total replacement of natural coarse aggregate by recycled coarse aggregate, derived from the concrete residue of buildings and demolitions. The study was made by comparing the compressive strength and absorption of three different concrete traces, keeping the water/cement factor of 0.60 and changing only the proportions of recycled coarse aggregate between 0%, 50% and 100%. Traces 50% and 100% obtained good results by comparing the actual specific mass, because the material used is lighter to the natural coarse aggregate. It was concluded that the concrete produced with recycled aggregates, even with inferior results, can be used where it is not needed a structural function, giving an adequate destination to the construction and demolition waste and consequently reducing the extraction and consumption of natural resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20concrete" title="green concrete">green concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20aggregate" title=" recycled aggregate"> recycled aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124072/concrete-performance-evaluation-of-coarse-aggregate-replacement-by-civil-construction-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2417</span> Reduce, Reuse and Recycle: Grand Challenges in Construction Recovery Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abioye%20A.%20Oyenuga">Abioye A. Oyenuga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rao%20Bhamidiarri"> Rao Bhamidiarri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hurling a successful Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW) recycling operation around the globe is a challenge today, predominantly because secondary materials markets are yet to be integrated. Reducing, Reusing and recycling of (C&DW) have been employed over the years, and various techniques have been investigated. However, the economic and environmental viability of its application seems limited. This paper discusses the costs and benefits in using secondary materials and focus on investigating reuse and recycling process for five major types of construction materials: concrete, metal, wood, cardboard/paper, and plasterboard. Data obtained from demolition specialist and contractors are considered and evaluated. With the date source, the research paper found that construction material recovery process fully incorporate the 3R’s process and shows how energy recovery by means of 3R's principles can be evaluated. This scrutiny leads to the empathy of grand challenges in construction material recovery process. Recommendations to deepen material recovery process are also discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20and%20demolition%20waste%20%28C%26DW%29" title="construction and demolition waste (C&DW)">construction and demolition waste (C&DW)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3R%20concept" title=" 3R concept"> 3R concept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reuse" title=" reuse"> reuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UK" title=" UK"> UK</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26873/reduce-reuse-and-recycle-grand-challenges-in-construction-recovery-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2416</span> Recycling Construction Waste Materials to Reduce the Environmental Pollutants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrdad%20Abkenari">Mehrdad Abkenari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Rezaei"> Alireza Rezaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naghmeh%20Pournayeb"> Naghmeh Pournayeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There have recently been many studies and investments in developed and developing countries regarding the possibility of recycling construction waste, which are still ongoing. Since the term 'construction waste' covers a vast spectrum of materials in constructing buildings, roads and etc., many investigations are required to measure their technical performance in use as well as their time and place of use. Concrete is among the major and fundamental materials used in current construction industry. Along with the rise of population in developing countries, it is desperately required to meet the people's primary need in construction industry and on the other hand, dispose existing wastes for reducing the amount of environmental pollutants. Restrictions of natural resources and environmental pollution are the most important problems encountered by civil engineers. Reusing construction waste is an important and economic approach that not only assists the preservation of environment but also, provides us with primary raw materials. In line with consistent municipal development in disposal and reuse of construction waste, several approaches including, management of construction waste and materials, materials recycling and innovation and new inventions in materials have been predicted. This article has accordingly attempted to study the activities related to recycling of construction wastes and then, stated the economic, quantitative, qualitative and environmental results obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20engineering" title="civil engineering">civil engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20waste" title=" construction waste "> construction waste </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32501/recycling-construction-waste-materials-to-reduce-the-environmental-pollutants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2415</span> Recycled Aggregates from Construction and Demolition Waste in the Production of Concrete Blocks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20A.%20Ferriz-Papi">Juan A. Ferriz-Papi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Thomas"> Simon Thomas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The construction industry generates large amounts of waste, usually mixed, which can be composed of different origin materials, most of them catalogued as non-hazardous. The European Union targets for this waste for 2020 have been already achieved by the UK, but it is mainly developed in downcycling processes (backfilling) whereas upcycling (such as recycle in new concrete batches) still keeps at a low percentage. The aim of this paper is to explore further in the use of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste (CDW) in concrete mixes so as to improve upcycling. A review of most recent research and legislation applied in the UK is developed regarding the production of concrete blocks. As a case study, initial tests were developed with a CDW recycled aggregate sample from a CDW plant in Swansea. Composition by visual inspection and sieving tests of two samples were developed and compared to original aggregates. More than 70% was formed by soil waste from excavation, and the rest was a mix of waste from mortar, concrete, and ceramics with small traces of plaster, glass and organic matter. Two concrete mixes were made with 80% replacement of recycled aggregates and different water/cement ratio. Tests were carried out for slump, absorption, density and compression strength. The results were compared to a reference sample and showed a substantial reduction of quality in both mixes. Despite that, the discussion brings to identify different aspects to solve, such as heterogeneity or composition, and analyze them for the successful use of these recycled aggregates in the production of concrete blocks. The conclusions obtained can help increase upcycling processes ratio with mixed CDW as recycled aggregates in concrete mixes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregates" title="aggregates">aggregates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20block" title=" concrete block"> concrete block</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20and%20demolition%20waste" title=" construction and demolition waste"> construction and demolition waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79395/recycled-aggregates-from-construction-and-demolition-waste-in-the-production-of-concrete-blocks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79395.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2414</span> Survey and Analysis of the Operational Dilemma of the Existing Used Clothes Recycling Model in the Community</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiaohui%20Zhong">Qiaohui Zhong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yiqi%20Kuang"> Yiqi Kuang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wanxun%20Cai"> Wanxun Cai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libin%20Huang"> Libin Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a community public facility, the popularity and perfection of old clothes recycling products directly affect people's impression of the whole city, which is related to the happiness index of residents' lives and is of great significance to the construction of eco-civilized cities and the realization of sustainable urban development. At present, China's waste clothing is characterized by large production and a high utilization rate, but the current rate of old clothes recycling is low, and the ‘one-size-fits-all’ recycling model makes people's motivation for old clothes recycling low, and old clothes recycling is in a dilemma. Based on the two online and offline recycling modes of old clothes recycling in Chinese communities, this paper conducts an in-depth survey on the public, operators, and regulators from the aspects of activity scene analysis, crowd attributes analysis, and community space analysis summarizes the difficulties of old clothes recycling for the public - nowhere to recycle, inconvenient to recycle and unwilling to recycle, and analyzes the factors that lead to these difficulties, and gives a solution with foreign experience to solve these problems. It also analyzes the factors that lead to these difficulties and gives targeted suggestions in combination with foreign experience, exploring and proposing a set of appropriate modern old-clothes recycling modes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community" title="community">community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=old%20clothes%20recycling" title=" old clothes recycling"> old clothes recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling%20mode" title=" recycling mode"> recycling mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urban%20development" title=" sustainable urban development"> sustainable urban development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185863/survey-and-analysis-of-the-operational-dilemma-of-the-existing-used-clothes-recycling-model-in-the-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2413</span> Recycling Motivations and Barriers in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasmine%20Adela%20Mutang">Jasmine Adela Mutang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosnah%20Ismail"> Rosnah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chua%20Bee%20Seok"> Chua Bee Seok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferlis%20Bahari"> Ferlis Bahari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lailawati%20Madlan"> Lailawati Madlan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walton%20Wider"> Walton Wider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rickless%20Das"> Rickless Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Waste projection is increasing and most landfills in Malaysia are running out of space. Due to that, waste management is now becoming a major challenge. The most sustainable solution is by practicing sustainable practices such as recycling. Since 1993 the government has launched several recycling campaigns and implemented the National Recycling Policy. However, public participation is still very low. Only 10.5% of solid waste was recycled up to now which is far below than of in developed countries. Nevertheless the government is optimistic that the target of 22% recycling by 2020 will be achieved if there is a positive flow pattern in sustainable practices in particular recycling behavior among Malaysian. Understanding public motivations towards recycling domestic waste are important to improve current recycling rate. Thus this study attempts to identify what are the possible motivations and hindrances for the public to recycle. Open-ended questions format were administered to 484 people in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Two specific questions we asked to explore their general determinants and barriers in practicing recycling: “What motivates you to recycle?” and “What are the barriers you encountered in doing recycling activities?” Thematic analysis was conducted on the open-ended questions in which themes were created with the raw comments. It was found that the underlying recycling motivations are awareness’ towards the environment, benefits to the society and individual, and social influence. Non participations are influence by attitudes, commitment, facilities, knowledge, inconvenience, and enforcement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling%20motivation" title="recycling motivation">recycling motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling%20barrier" title=" recycling barrier"> recycling barrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title=" sustainable"> sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household%20waste" title=" household waste"> household waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34243/recycling-motivations-and-barriers-in-kota-kinabalu-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34243.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">553</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2412</span> Recycling of Aggregates from Construction Demolition Wastes in Concrete: Study of Physical and Mechanical Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Saidi">M. Saidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Ait%20Medjber"> F. Ait Medjber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Safi"> B. Safi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Samar"> M. Samar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work is focused on the study of valuation of recycled concrete aggregates, by measuring certain properties of concrete in the fresh and hardened state. In this study, rheological tests and physic-mechanical characterization on concretes and mortars were conducted with recycled concrete whose geometric properties were identified aggregates. Mortars were elaborated with recycled fine aggregate (0/5mm) and concretes were manufactured using recycled coarse aggregates (5/12.5 mm and 12.5/20 mm). First, a study of the mortars was conducted to determine the effectiveness of adjuvant polycarboxylate superplasticizer on the workability of these and their action deflocculating of the fine recycled sand. The rheological behavior of mortars based on fine aggregate recycled was characterized. The results confirm that the mortars composed of different fractions of recycled sand (0/5) have a better mechanical properties (compressive and flexural strength) compared to normal mortar. Also, the mechanical strengths of concretes made with recycled aggregates (5/12.5 mm and 12.5/20 mm), are comparable to those of conventional concrete with conventional aggregates, provided that the implementation can be improved by the addition of a superplasticizer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demolition%20wastes" title="demolition wastes">demolition wastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20coarse%20aggregate" title=" recycled coarse aggregate"> recycled coarse aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workability" title=" workability"> workability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20strength" title=" mechanical strength"> mechanical strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity%2Fwater%20absorption" title=" porosity/water absorption"> porosity/water absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14876/recycling-of-aggregates-from-construction-demolition-wastes-in-concrete-study-of-physical-and-mechanical-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14876.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2411</span> Waterproofing Agent in Concrete for Tensile Improvement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Azani%20Yahya">Muhamad Azani Yahya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umi%20Nadiah%20Nor%20Ali"> Umi Nadiah Nor Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Alias%20Yusof"> Mohammed Alias Yusof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norazman%20Mohamad%20Nor"> Norazman Mohamad Nor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikneswaran%20Munikanan"> Vikneswaran Munikanan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In construction, concrete is one of the materials that can commonly be used as for structural elements. Concrete consists of cement, sand, aggregate and water. Concrete can be added with admixture in the wet condition to suit the design purpose such as to prolong the setting time to improve workability. For strength improvement, concrete is being added with other hybrid materials to increase strength; this is because the tensile strength of concrete is very low in comparison to the compressive strength. This paper shows the usage of a waterproofing agent in concrete to enhance the tensile strength. High tensile concrete is expensive because the concrete mix needs fiber and also high cement content to be incorporated in the mix. High tensile concrete being used for structures that are being imposed by high impact dynamic load such as blast loading that hit the structure. High tensile concrete can be defined as a concrete mix design that achieved 30%-40% tensile strength compared to its compression strength. This research evaluates the usage of a waterproofing agent in a concrete mix as an element of reinforcement to enhance the tensile strength. According to the compression and tensile test, it shows that the concrete mix with a waterproofing agent enhanced the mechanical properties of the concrete. It is also show that the composite concrete with waterproofing is a high tensile concrete; this is because of the tensile is between 30% and 40% of the compression strength. This mix is economical because it can produce high tensile concrete with low cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20tensile%20concrete" title="high tensile concrete">high tensile concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waterproofing%20agent" title=" waterproofing agent"> waterproofing agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheology" title=" rheology"> rheology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58331/waterproofing-agent-in-concrete-for-tensile-improvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58331.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2410</span> Reinforced Concrete, Problems and Solutions: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Alhamad">Omar Alhamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Eid"> Waleed Eid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reinforced concrete is a concrete lined with steel so that the materials work together in the resistance forces. Reinforcement rods or mesh are used for tensile, shear, and sometimes intense pressure in a concrete structure. Reinforced concrete is subject to many natural problems or industrial errors. The result of these problems is that it reduces the efficiency of the reinforced concrete or its usefulness. Some of these problems are cracks, earthquakes, high temperatures or fires, as well as corrosion of reinforced iron inside reinforced concrete. There are also factors of ancient buildings or monuments that require some techniques to preserve them. This research presents some general information about reinforced concrete, the pros and cons of reinforced concrete, and then presents a series of literary studies of some of the late published researches on the subject of reinforced concrete and how to preserve it, propose solutions or treatments for the treatment of reinforced concrete problems, raise efficiency and quality for a longer period. These studies have provided advanced and modern methods and techniques in the field of reinforced concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete" title="reinforced concrete">reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic" title=" seismic"> seismic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracks" title=" cracks"> cracks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110089/reinforced-concrete-problems-and-solutions-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2409</span> A Study on Behaviour of Normal Strength Concrete and High Strength Concrete Subjected to Elevated Temperatures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Butchi%20Kameswara%20Rao%20Chittem">Butchi Kameswara Rao Chittem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rooban%20Kumar"> Rooban Kumar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cement concrete is a complex mixture of different materials. Concrete is believed to have a good fire resistance. Behaviour of concrete depends on its mix proportions and its constituent materials when it is subjected to elevated temperatures. Loss in compressive strength, loss in weight or mass, change in colour and spall of concrete are reported in literature as effects of elevated temperature on concrete. In this paper results are reported on the behaviour of normal strength concrete and high strength concrete subjected to temperatures 200°C, 400°C, 600°C, and 800°C and different cooling regimes viz. air cooling, water quenching. Rebound hammer test was also conducted to study the changes in surface hardness of concrete specimens subjected to elevated temperatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normal%20strength%20concrete" title="normal strength concrete">normal strength concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-strength%20concrete" title=" high-strength concrete"> high-strength concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDT" title=" NDT"> NDT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19201/a-study-on-behaviour-of-normal-strength-concrete-and-high-strength-concrete-subjected-to-elevated-temperatures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2408</span> Water Temperature on Early Age Concrete Property</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tesfaye%20Sisay%20Dessalegn">Tesfaye Sisay Dessalegn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The long-term performance of concrete structures is affected by the properties and behavior of concrete at an early age. However, the fundamental mechanisms affecting the early-age behavior of concrete have not yet been fully studied. The effect of water temperature on concrete is not sufficiently studied, and at the same time, the majority of studies focused on the effect of mixing water temperature on the workability and mechanical properties of concrete. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the effect of mixing water temperatures on plastic shrinkage cracking of concrete has not been studied yet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20temperature" title="water temperature">water temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20age%20concrete%20strength" title=" early age concrete strength"> early age concrete strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties%20of%20concrete" title=" mechanical properties of concrete"> mechanical properties of concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength"> strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186313/water-temperature-on-early-age-concrete-property" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186313.pdf" 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