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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Appointment and term of office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Appointment_and_term_of_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Powers_and_functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Powers_and_functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Powers and functions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Powers_and_functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Election Commission of India</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97" title="ভাৰতৰ নিৰ্বাচন আয়োগ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ভাৰতৰ নিৰ্বাচন আয়োগ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8" title="ভারতের নির্বাচন কমিশন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভারতের নির্বাচন কমিশন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="भारतीय चुनाव आयोग – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="भारतीय चुनाव आयोग" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_%C3%A9lectorale_indienne" title="Commission électorale indienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Commission électorale indienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF_%E0%AA%9A%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%A3%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%9A" title="ભારતીય ચૂંટણી પંચ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ભારતીય ચૂંટણી પંચ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="भारत निर्वाचन आयोग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भारत निर्वाचन आयोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komisi_Pemilihan_Umum_India" title="Komisi Pemilihan Umum India – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Komisi Pemilihan Umum India" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%93%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95" title="ועדת הבחירות של הודו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ועדת הבחירות של הודו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%BE_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%97" title="ಭಾರತದ ಚುನಾವಣಾ ಆಯೋಗ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಭಾರತದ ಚುನಾವಣಾ ಆಯೋಗ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="भारतीय निर्वाचन आयोग – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="भारतीय निर्वाचन आयोग" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB" title="ഇന്ത്യൻ തിരഞ്ഞെടുപ്പ് കമ്മീഷൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇന്ത്യൻ തിരഞ്ഞെടുപ്പ് കമ്മീഷൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="भारतीय निवडणूक आयोग – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="भारतीय निवडणूक आयोग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="भारतीय निर्वाचन आयोग – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भारतीय निर्वाचन आयोग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A3_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%A8" title="ਭਾਰਤ ਦਾ ਚੋਣ ਕਮਿਸ਼ਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭਾਰਤ ਦਾ ਚੋਣ ਕਮਿਸ਼ਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86" title="بھارت دا انتخابی کمیشن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بھارت دا انتخابی کمیشن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Избирательная комиссия Индии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Избирательная комиссия Индии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83" title="भारतस्य निर्वाचनायोगः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="भारतस्य निर्वाचनायोगः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இந்தியத் தேர்தல் ஆணையம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இந்தியத் தேர்தல் ஆணையம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4_%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81" title="భారత ఎన్నికల కమిషను – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="భారత ఎన్నికల కమిషను" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86" title="بھارتیہ انتخابی کمیشن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بھارتیہ انتخابی کمیشن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="印度选举委员会 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="印度选举委员会" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2724317#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Election_Commission_of_India&params=28_37_26_N_77_12_40_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">28°37′26″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°12′40″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">28.62389°N 77.21111°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">28.62389; 77.21111</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Election regulatory body of India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the body which oversees elections in India. For similar bodies in other jurisdictions, see <a href="/wiki/Election_commission" title="Election commission">Election commission</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Election Commissioner of India">Election Commissioner of India</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">Election Commission of India</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Election_Commission_of_India_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Election_Commission_of_India_Logo.svg/120px-Election_Commission_of_India_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Election_Commission_of_India_Logo.svg/180px-Election_Commission_of_India_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Election_Commission_of_India_Logo.svg/240px-Election_Commission_of_India_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="480" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Official logo<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitutional Body</a> overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">25 January 1950<span class="noprint">; 74 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1950-01-25</span>)</span><br />(celebrated as <a href="/wiki/National_Voters%27_Day" title="National Voters' Day">National Voters' Day</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data">India</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data">Nirvachan Sadan, Ashoka Road, <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Election_Commission_of_India&params=28_37_26_N_77_12_40_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">28°37′26″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°12′40″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">28.62389°N 77.21111°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">28.62389; 77.21111</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">~300<sup id="cite_ref-ECI_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitutional Body</a> executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Rajiv_Kumar_(civil_servant)" title="Rajiv Kumar (civil servant)">Rajiv Kumar</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Chief_Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Chief Election Commissioner of India">Chief Election Commissioner of India</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Gyanesh_Kumar" title="Gyanesh Kumar">Gyanesh Kumar</a><sup id="cite_ref-ECC_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECC-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Election Commissioner of India">Election Commissioner of India</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Sukhbir_Singh_Sandhu" title="Sukhbir Singh Sandhu">Sukhbir Singh Sandhu</a><sup id="cite_ref-ECC_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECC-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Election Commissioner of India">Election Commissioner of India</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.gov.in">eci<wbr />.gov<wbr />.in</a></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(only accessible in India)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist" style="width:20em; border: 4px double #D4AF37;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle"><b><span style="color:var(--color-base, #101112)">This article is part of a series on the</span></b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #FF671F; border: 1px double #8C959A;"><small><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_India" title="Politics of India"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Politics of India</span></a></small></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_India.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_India.svg/80px-Emblem_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_India.svg/120px-Emblem_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_India.svg/160px-Emblem_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="933" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#0f8a46; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Constitution</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amendment_of_the_Constitution_of_India" title="Amendment of the Constitution of India">Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic_structure_doctrine" title="Basic structure doctrine">Basic structure doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamental_Rights,_Directive_Principles_and_Fundamental_Duties_of_India" title="Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties of India">Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and<br /> Fundamental Duties of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_India" title="Human rights in India">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_review_in_India" title="Judicial review in India">Judicial review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_India" title="Taxation in India">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Civil_Code" title="Uniform Civil Code">Uniform Civil Code</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#0f8a46; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Government</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President of India</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Droupadi_Murmu" title="Droupadi Murmu">Droupadi Murmu</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of India">15th</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_India" title="Vice President of India">Vice President of India</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jagdeep_Dhankhar" title="Jagdeep Dhankhar">Jagdeep Dhankhar</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Vice Presidents of India">14th</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister of India</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Prime Ministers of India">14th</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Secretary_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet Secretary of India">Cabinet secretary</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rajiv_Gauba" title="Rajiv Gauba">Rajiv Gauba</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_government_ministries_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Union government ministries of India">Ministries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_Council_of_Ministers" title="Union Council of Ministers">Ministers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_agencies_of_the_government_of_India" title="List of agencies of the government of India">Departments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_to_the_Government_of_India" title="Secretary to the Government of India">Secretaries</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#0f8a46; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Parliament</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_18th_Lok_Sabha" title="List of members of the 18th Lok Sabha">18th</a>)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Lok_Sabha" title="Speaker of the Lok Sabha">Speaker</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Om_Birla" title="Om Birla">Om Birla</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Speaker_of_the_Lok_Sabha" title="Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha">Deputy Speaker</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Vacant</i></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_(Lok_Sabha)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the House (Lok Sabha)">Leader of the House</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">BJP</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_in_Lok_Sabha" title="Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha">Leader of the Opposition</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rahul_Gandhi" title="Rahul Gandhi">Rahul Gandhi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">INC</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_the_Lok_Sabha" title="Secretary General of the Lok Sabha">Secretary General</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li>Utpal Kumar Singh</li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_Rajya_Sabha" title="List of current members of the Rajya Sabha">Members</a>)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_India" title="Vice President of India">Chairman</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jagdeep_Dhankhar" title="Jagdeep Dhankhar">Jagdeep Dhankhar</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chairperson_of_the_Rajya_Sabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha">Deputy Speaker</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harivansh_Narayan_Singh" title="Harivansh Narayan Singh">Harivansh Narayan Singh</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_(Rajya_Sabha)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the House (Rajya Sabha)">Leader of the House</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jagat_Prakash_Nadda" class="mw-redirect" title="Jagat Prakash Nadda">Jagat Prakash Nadda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">BJP</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_in_Rajya_Sabha" title="Leader of the Opposition in Rajya Sabha">Leader of the Opposition</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mallikarjun_Kharge" title="Mallikarjun Kharge">Mallikarjun Kharge</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">INC</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_the_Rajya_Sabha" title="Secretary General of the Rajya Sabha">Secretary General</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pramod_Chandra_Mody" title="Pramod Chandra Mody">Pramod Chandra Mody</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Parliamentary_Affairs_(India)" title="Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs (India)">Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Parliamentary_Affairs_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Parliamentary Affairs (India)">Cabinet Minister</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiren_Rijiju" title="Kiren Rijiju">Kiren Rijiju</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State (India)">Minister of State</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arjun_Ram_Meghwal" title="Arjun Ram Meghwal">Arjun Ram Meghwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Murugan" title="L. Murugan">L. Murugan</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#0f8a46; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_India" title="Judiciary of India"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Law and judiciary</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Law_of_India" title="Law of India">Law of India</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Indian_criminal_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian criminal law">Indian criminal law</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Nyaya_Sanhita" title="Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita">Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Nagarik_Suraksha_Sanhita" title="Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita">Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Sakshya_Act,_2023" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharatiya Sakshya Act, 2023">Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Civil_Procedure_(India)" title="Code of Civil Procedure (India)">Code of Civil Procedure</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_India" title="Chief Justice of India">Chief Justice</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Justices_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Justices of India">50th</a>)</b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhananjaya_Y._Chandrachud" title="Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud">Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sitting_judges_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_India" title="List of sitting judges of the Supreme Court of India">Judges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_Bar_Association_(India)" title="Supreme Court Bar Association (India)">Bar Association</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bar_Council_of_India" title="Bar Council of India">Bar Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Courts_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="District Courts of India">District Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_district_courts_in_India" title="List of district courts in India">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gram_Nyayalayas_Act,_2008" title="Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008">Gram Nyayalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Courts_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="High Courts of India">High Court</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Indian_chief_justices" title="List of current Indian chief justices">Chief Justices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sitting_judges_of_the_high_courts_of_India" title="List of sitting judges of the high courts of India">Judges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Adalat" title="Lok Adalat">Lok Adalat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyaya_Panchayat" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyaya Panchayat">Nyaya Panchayat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendency_of_court_cases_in_India" title="Pendency of court cases in India">Pendency of court cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribunals_in_India" title="Tribunals in India">Other tribunals</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Law_and_Justice_(India)" title="Ministry of Law and Justice (India)">Ministry of Law and Justice</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Law_and_Justice" title="Minister of Law and Justice">Minister</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arjun_Ram_Meghwal" title="Arjun Ram Meghwal">Arjun Ram Meghwal</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Attorney-General_for_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Attorney-General for India">Attorney-General</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R._Venkataramani" title="R. Venkataramani">R. Venkataramani</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_India" title="Solicitor General of India">Solicitor General</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tushar_Mehta" title="Tushar Mehta">Tushar Mehta</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Additional_Solicitor_General_of_India" title="Additional Solicitor General of India">Additional Solicitor General</a></b></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_Commission_of_India" title="Law Commission of India">Law Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Judicial_Appointments_Commission" title="National Judicial Appointments Commission">National Judicial Appointments Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Legal_Services_Authority" title="National Legal Services Authority">National Legal Services Authority</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#0f8a46; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Politics_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics in India"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Elections and politics</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Election Commission</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chief_Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Chief Election Commissioner of India">Chief Election Commissioner</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rajiv_Kumar_(civil_servant)" title="Rajiv Kumar (civil servant)">Rajiv Kumar</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Election Commissioner of India">Election Commissioner</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gyanesh_Kumar" title="Gyanesh Kumar">Gyanesh Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhbir_Singh_Sandhu" title="Sukhbir Singh Sandhu">Sukhbir Singh Sandhu</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_election_commission_(India)" title="State election commission (India)">State Election Commission</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_India" title="Elections in India">Elections</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(India)" title="Electoral College (India)">Electoral College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_voting_in_India" title="Electronic voting in India">Electronic voting</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_presidential_elections" title="List of Indian presidential elections">Presidential elections</a> </b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Indian_presidential_election" title="2022 Indian presidential election">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Indian_presidential_election" title="2017 Indian presidential election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Indian_presidential_election" title="2012 Indian presidential election">2012</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_vice_presidential_elections" title="List of Indian vice presidential elections">Vice Presidential elections</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Indian_vice_presidential_election" title="2022 Indian vice presidential election">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Indian_vice_presidential_election" title="2017 Indian vice presidential election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Indian_vice_presidential_election" title="2012 Indian vice presidential election">2012</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_general_elections" title="List of Indian general elections">Lok Sabha elections</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_the_Lok_Sabha" title="List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha">Constituencies</a>)</b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Indian_general_election" title="2014 Indian general election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Indian_general_election" title="2019 Indian general election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Indian_general_election" title="2024 Indian general election">2024</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Rajya_Sabha_elections" title="List of Rajya Sabha elections">Rajya Sabha elections</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Rajya_Sabha_elections" title="2024 Rajya Sabha elections">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Rajya_Sabha_elections" title="2023 Rajya Sabha elections">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Rajya_Sabha_elections" title="2022 Rajya Sabha elections">2022</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/State_Assembly_elections_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="State Assembly elections in India">State Assembly elections</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2019_elections_in_India" title="2019 elections in India">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_elections_in_India" title="2020 elections in India">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_elections_in_India" title="2021 elections in India">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_elections_in_India" title="2022 elections in India">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_elections_in_India" title="2023 elections in India">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_elections_in_India" title="2024 elections in India"><i>2024</i></a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>National coalitions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Alliance" title="National Democratic Alliance">NDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Developmental_Inclusive_Alliance" title="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance">INDIA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">Political parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India#National_parties" title="List of political parties in India">National parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India#State_parties" title="List of political parties in India">State parties</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#0f8a46; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_India" title="Administrative divisions of India"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Administrative divisions</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">States and union territories</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capitals</a>)</div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/State_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="State (India)">States</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghalaya" title="Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagaland" title="Nagaland">Nagaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Union_territory_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Union territory (India)">Union territories</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands" title="Andaman and Nicobar Islands">Andaman and Nicobar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandigarh" title="Chandigarh">Chandigarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli_and_Daman_and_Diu" title="Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu">Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(union_territory)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladakh" title="Ladakh">Ladakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshadweep" title="Lakshadweep">Lakshadweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puducherry_(union_territory)" title="Puducherry (union territory)">Puducherry</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_states_and_union_territories_of_India" title="Proposed states and union territories of India">Proposed states and union territories</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_administrative_divisions_of_India" title="Autonomous administrative divisions of India">Autonomous Divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_divisions_in_India" title="List of divisions in India">Divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_India" title="List of districts in India">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_subdistricts_in_India" title="List of subdistricts in India">Sub-districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Development_Block" class="mw-redirect" title="Community Development Block">Community Development Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_India" title="List of metropolitan areas in India">Metropolitan Areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_million-plus_urban_agglomerations_in_India" title="List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India">Urban Agglomerations</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#0f8a46; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_India" title="Federalism in India"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Federalism</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/State_governments_of_India" title="State governments of India">Executive</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_(India)" title="Governor (India)">Governor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Indian_governors" title="List of current Indian governors">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Governor (India)">Lieutenant Governor/Administrator</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Indian_lieutenant_governors_and_administrators" title="List of current Indian lieutenant governors and administrators">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_minister_(India)" title="Chief minister (India)">Chief Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Indian_chief_ministers" title="List of current Indian chief ministers">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Indian_deputy_chief_ministers" title="List of current Indian deputy chief ministers">Deputy Chief Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Indian_deputy_chief_ministers" title="List of current Indian deputy chief ministers">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_Indian_ministries" title="Template:Current Indian ministries">Ministries</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/State_legislature_(India)" title="State legislature (India)">Legislative</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_legislative_councils_of_India" title="State legislative councils of India">Legislative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_legislative_assemblies_of_India" title="State legislative assemblies of India">Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Indian_legislative_speakers_and_chairpersons" title="List of current Indian legislative speakers and chairpersons">Speaker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Indian_legislative_speakers_and_chairpersons" title="List of current Indian legislative speakers and chairpersons">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_(India)" title="Official Opposition (India)">Official Opposition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_Indian_opposition_leaders" title="List of current Indian opposition leaders">List</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_India" title="Local government in India">Local Government</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Municipal_governance_in_India" title="Municipal governance in India">Municipal Governance</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_Corporation_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal Corporation of India">Municipal Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagar_Palika_(Municipality)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagar Palika (Municipality)">Municipality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_Panchayat" class="mw-redirect" title="Town Panchayat">Town Panchayat</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Panchayati_Raj" class="mw-redirect" title="Panchayati Raj">Panchayati Raj</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/District_Panchayat" class="mw-redirect" title="District Panchayat">District Panchayat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchayat_Samiti_(Block)" class="mw-redirect" title="Panchayat Samiti (Block)">Block Panchayat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gram_Panchayat" class="mw-redirect" title="Gram Panchayat">Gram Panchayat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:#0f8a46; color:#FFF; border: 1px double #8C959A;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_India" title="Foreign relations of India"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Foreign relations</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_External_Affairs_(India)" title="Ministry of External Affairs (India)">Ministry of External Affairs</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_External_Affairs_(India)" title="Minister of External Affairs (India)">Cabinet Minister</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S._Jaishankar" title="S. Jaishankar">S. Jaishankar</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of State (India)">Minister of State</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kirti_Vardhan_Singh" title="Kirti Vardhan Singh">Kirti Vardhan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pabitra_Margherita" title="Pabitra Margherita">Pabitra Margherita</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary_(India)" title="Foreign Secretary (India)">Foreign Secretary</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vinay_Mohan_Kwatra" title="Vinay Mohan Kwatra">Vinay Mohan Kwatra</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_India" title="List of diplomatic missions of India">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_India" title="List of diplomatic missions in India">in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_and_high_commissioners_of_India" title="List of ambassadors and high commissioners of India">Ambassadors and High Commissioners of India</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_and_high_commissioners_to_India" title="List of ambassadors and high commissioners to India">to India</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_nationality_law" title="Indian nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Citizenship_of_India" title="Overseas Citizenship of India">Overseas Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_passport" title="Indian passport">Passports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_India" title="Visa policy of India">Visa policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Indian_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Indian citizens">Visa requirements</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; background-color:lightblue; border-top:0px dashed"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_India" title="Template:Foreign relations of India">Foreign Relations</a></div></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2%2B2_Ministerial_Dialogue" title="2+2 Ministerial Dialogue">2+2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal_Initiative_for_Multi-Sectoral_Technical_and_Economic_Cooperation" title="Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation">BIMSTEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBIN" title="BBIN">BBIN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">BRICS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G4_nations" title="G4 nations">G4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBSA_Dialogue_Forum" title="IBSA Dialogue Forum">IBSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Naval_Symposium" title="Indian Ocean Naval Symposium">IONS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Rim_Association" title="Indian Ocean Rim Association">IORA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekong%E2%80%93Ganga_Cooperation" title="Mekong–Ganga Cooperation">MGC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="India and the Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">SAARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">SCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_and_the_United_Nations" title="India and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrilateral_Security_Dialogue" title="Quadrilateral Security Dialogue">QUAD</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Africa–India relations">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Summit" title="East Asia Summit">East Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="India–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India-Latin_America_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="India-Latin America relations">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forum_for_India%E2%80%93Pacific_Islands_Cooperation" title="Forum for India–Pacific Islands Cooperation">Pacific Islands</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_diaspora" title="Indian diaspora">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Indian_foreign_relations" title="History of Indian foreign relations">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_extradition_treaties" title="List of Indian extradition treaties">Extradition Treaties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_foreign_aid" title="Indian foreign aid">Foreign aid by India</a> / <a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_India" title="Foreign aid to India">to India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_sanctions" title="India sanctions">Sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_prime_ministers_of_India" title="List of international trips made by prime ministers of India">State Visits by Indian Prime Ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_visits_to_India" title="List of diplomatic visits to India">State Visits to India</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Kashmir Conflict">Kashmir Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_wars_and_conflicts" title="Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts">Indo-Pakistani Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Indian_border_dispute" title="Sino-Indian border dispute">Sino-Indian Disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_disputes_of_India_and_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial disputes of India and Nepal">Disputes with Nepal</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><div style="font-size: 100%; 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border-bottom:1px #fafafa solid; background:#efefef; background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000); padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Election" title="Election">Elections</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box_(no_bg).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ballot box" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/A_coloured_voting_box_%28no_bg%29.svg/80px-A_coloured_voting_box_%28no_bg%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/A_coloured_voting_box_%28no_bg%29.svg/120px-A_coloured_voting_box_%28no_bg%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/A_coloured_voting_box_%28no_bg%29.svg/160px-A_coloured_voting_box_%28no_bg%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Basic types</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/By-election" title="By-election">By-election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors#Election_and_removal" title="Board of directors">Corporate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_election" title="Direct election">Direct</a> / <a href="/wiki/Indirect_election" title="Indirect election">Indirect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixed-term_election" title="Fixed-term election">Fixed-term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_election" title="General election">General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_election" title="Local election">Local</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midterm_election" title="Midterm election">Mid-term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plurality_voting" title="Plurality voting">Plurality</a></li> <li>Primary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">Partisan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonpartisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonpartisan primary">Nonpartisan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">Proportional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recall_election" title="Recall election">Recall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snap_election" title="Snap election">Snap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sortition" title="Sortition">Sortition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-round_system" title="Two-round system">Two-round system</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Terminology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_elector" title="Anonymous elector">Anonymous elector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apportionment_(politics)" title="Apportionment (politics)">Apportionment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_audit" title="Election audit">Audits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_competition" title="Electoral competition">Competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boundary_delimitation" class="mw-redirect" title="Boundary delimitation">Boundary delimitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_voting" title="Crossover voting">Crossover voting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_college" title="Electoral college">Electoral college</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_law" title="Election law">Election law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_silence" title="Election silence">Election silence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrymandering" title="Gerrymandering">Gerrymandering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_initiative" title="Popular initiative">Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psephology" title="Psephology">Psephology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_ballot" title="Secret ballot">Secret ballot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffrage" title="Suffrage">Suffrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nomination_rules" title="Nomination rules">Right to stand for election</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Subseries</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Election_administration" title="Election administration">Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">Political party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voting" title="Voting">Voting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Electoral systems</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Lists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_by_country" title="Elections by country">Elections by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_close_election_results" title="List of close election results">Close elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_most_recent_elections_by_country" title="List of the most recent elections by country">Most recent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_next_general_elections" title="List of next general elections">Next general elections</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_national_electoral_calendar" title="2024 national electoral calendar">National</a> and <a href="/wiki/2024_local_electoral_calendar" title="2024 local electoral calendar">local</a> elections in 2024</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="text-align:left;text-align:center;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#efefef; border-top:1px solid;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Election_security" title="Election security">Election security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_fraud" title="Electoral fraud">Electoral fraud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">Referendum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Referendums_by_country" title="Referendums by country">by country</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_reform" title="Electoral reform">Electoral reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_science" title="Election science">Election science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_candidate" title="Paper candidate">Paper candidate</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#efefef;background: var(--background-color-interactive, #efefef); color: var(--color-base, #000);"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Elections" title="Template:Elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Elections" title="Template talk:Elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Election Commission of India</b> (<b>ECI</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_body" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional body">constitutional body</a> established by the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitution of India</a> empowered to conduct free and fair elections in India. The Election commission is headed by a <a href="/wiki/Chief_Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Chief Election Commissioner of India">Chief Election Commissioner</a> and consists of two other <a href="/wiki/Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Election Commissioner of India">Election Commissioners</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_Commission_of_India&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Chief_Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Chief Election Commissioner of India">Chief Election Commissioner of India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Election Commissioner of India">Election Commissioner of India</a></div> <p>When formed in 1950, the Election Commission of India was a single member body with only the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Chief Election Commissioner of India">Chief Election Commissioner</a>. As per <i>The Election Commissioner Amendment Act, 1989</i>, the Commission was made a multi-member body with two additional election commissioners who were appointed to the commission for the first time on 16 October 1989. On 1 January 1990, the post of election commissioners were abolished again.<sup id="cite_ref-CEC_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Election Commission was once again made as a three member body on 1 October 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-ECI_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commission is headquartered at Nirvachan Sadan in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ECI_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Election commission is headed by a <a href="/wiki/Chief_Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Chief Election Commissioner of India">Chief Election Commissioner</a> and consists of two other <a href="/wiki/Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Election Commissioner of India">Election Commissioners</a>. They are further assisted by Directors General, Principal Secretaries, and Secretaries.<sup id="cite_ref-ECI_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chief election commissioner does not have overruling powers and any decision is taken by the opinion of the majority among the three.<sup id="cite_ref-ECI_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">states and union territories</a>, the Election Commission is assisted by the Chief Electoral Officer of the state or union territory (CEO), who leads the election machinery in the states and union territories. At the district and constituency levels, the <a href="/wiki/District_collector" class="mw-redirect" title="District collector">District Magistrates/District Collectors</a> (in their capacity as District Election Officers), Electoral Registration Officers and Returning Officers perform election work.<sup id="cite_ref-ECI_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appointment_and_term_of_office">Appointment and term of office</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_Commission_of_India&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Appointment and term of office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The appointment and term of the election commissioner is prescribed in the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Service and Term of Office) Act, 2023. As per the Section 7 of the act, an election commissioner is appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of a selection committee headed by the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister of India</a> and consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(India)" title="Leader of the Opposition (India)">Leader of the Opposition</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Union_Council_of_Ministers" title="Union Council of Ministers">Union Council of Ministers</a> to be nominated by the Prime Minister.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were earlier appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. In March 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a> ruled that the appointments shall be made by a committee consisting of the Prime Minister, leader of opposition and the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_India" title="Chief Justice of India">Chief Justice of India</a> and the process would be in place until a new law is enacted with regards to the same.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new law enacted in 2023, replaced the Chief Justice with a member appointed by the Prime Minister in the selection committee.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term of the CEC can be a maximum of six years from the date on which he/she assumes his office. However, the CEC retires from office if he/she attains the age of sixty-five years before the expiry of the term.<sup id="cite_ref-CEC_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the CEC can only be removed by office through the process of impeachment requiring two-thirds majority of the Lok Sabha and the <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a> to be present and voting for the same, election commissioners can be removed by the President on the recommendation of the CEC.<sup id="cite_ref-CEC_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Powers_and_functions">Powers and functions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_Commission_of_India&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Powers and functions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India%27s_Model_Code_of_Conduct" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Commission of India's Model Code of Conduct">Election Commission of India's Model Code of Conduct</a></div> <p>The Election Commission of India is a body constitutionally empowered to conduct free and fair elections to the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_India" title="Parliament of India">national</a>, the <a href="/wiki/State_legislative_assemblies_of_India" title="State legislative assemblies of India">State Legislative Assemblies</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_legislative_councils_of_India" title="State legislative councils of India">State Legislative Councils</a> and the offices of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-President of India">Vice-President</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ECI_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Election Commission operates under the powers granted by <a href="/wiki/Part_XV_of_the_Constitution_of_India" title="Part XV of the Constitution of India">Article 324</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitution</a> and subsequently enacted <a href="/wiki/Representation_of_the_People_Act_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Representation of the People Act (India)">Representation of the People Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/States_Election_Commission_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="States Election Commission (India)">state election commissions</a> are responsible for conducting local body elections in the respective states.<sup id="cite_ref-CEC_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEC-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The election commission decides the dates for the filing of nominations, voting, counting and announcement of results.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It issues a <a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India%27s_Model_Code_of_Conduct" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Commission of India's Model Code of Conduct">Model Code of Conduct</a> for political parties and candidates to ensure that the elections are conducted in a free and fair manner.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Code of Conduct was issued for the first time in 1971 for the <a href="/wiki/Indian_general_election,_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian general election, 1971">5th Lok Sabha elections</a> and has revised it from time to time. It lays down guidelines for the conduct of political parties and candidates during an election period.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instances of violation of the code by various political parties and misuse of official machinery by the candidates are dealt according to the law.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A law for the registration process for political parties was enacted in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The registration ensures that the political parties are recognized as national, state and regional parties. The election commission has the right to allot symbols to the political parties depending on the status. The same symbol cannot be allocated to two political parties even if they do not contest in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The commission prepares electoral rolls and updates the voter list. To prevent electoral fraud, Electors Photo Identity Cards (EPIC) were introduced in 1993. However certain legal documents such as <a href="/wiki/Ration_card_(India)" title="Ration card (India)">ration cards</a> have been allowed for voting in certain situations.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The commission is empowered to prohibit the dissemination or publication of voting trends that seek to influence voters by <a href="/wiki/Opinion_polls" class="mw-redirect" title="Opinion polls">opinion polls</a> or <a href="/wiki/Exit_polls" class="mw-redirect" title="Exit polls">exit polls</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Election Commission is responsible for scrutinizing and accepting the applications of the candidates willing to contest in the elections. A person can be disqualified from contesting the elections if incorrect or incomplete information is provided in the affidavits and if he/she has been convicted by any court in India in which a jail term of two or more years has been awarded.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, the Election Commission supported the case for a lifetime ban on convicted felons from contesting elections in an affidavit filed in the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Election Commission sets limits on poll related expenditure by the candidates during election campaigns. The commission appoints officers of <a href="/wiki/Indian_Revenue_Service" title="Indian Revenue Service">Indian Revenue Service</a> from the Income Tax Department as Election Observers.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commission takes details of the candidate's assignment in an affidavit at the time of submitting the nomination paper, and they are also required to give details of their expenditure within 30 days of the declaration of results.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The election commission operates various electronic media including <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">websites</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mobile_applications" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile applications">mobile applications</a> for enabling various functions such as addressing grievances, checking electoral rolls, disseminating information on candidates, announcement of results and monitoring of assigned tasks.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voting">Voting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_Commission_of_India&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Voting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Electronic_voting_in_India" title="Electronic voting in India">Electronic voting in India</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EVM_VVPAT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/EVM_VVPAT.jpg/220px-EVM_VVPAT.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/EVM_VVPAT.jpg/330px-EVM_VVPAT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/EVM_VVPAT.jpg/440px-EVM_VVPAT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Electronic_voting_machines" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic voting machines">Electronic voting machines</a> (EVMs) with <a href="/wiki/Voter-verified_paper_audit_trail" title="Voter-verified paper audit trail">Voter-verified paper audit trail</a> (VVPAT)</figcaption></figure> <p>Voting in India is done using <a href="/wiki/Electronic_voting_machines" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic voting machines">Electronic voting machines</a> (EVMs) and there are provisions for <a href="/wiki/Postal_voting#India" title="Postal voting">Postal voting</a> and special arrangements for the disabled.<sup id="cite_ref-ECI_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Electronic voting machines (EVM) were introduced by the Election Commission to reduce malpractices and improve efficiency. The EVMs were first trialed in 1982 in the by-election to <a href="/wiki/Paravur_(State_Assembly_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Paravur (State Assembly constituency)">Paravur</a> assembly constituency in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> in a limited number of polling stations.<sup id="cite_ref-Intro_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Intro-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After successful testing and legal inquiries, the commission decided to introduce these voting machines on a large scale.<sup id="cite_ref-ECI_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> EVMs are manufactured by two <a href="/wiki/Public_sector_undertakings" class="mw-redirect" title="Public sector undertakings">public sector undertakings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bharat_Electronics" title="Bharat Electronics">Bharat Electronics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electronics_Corporation_of_India_Limited" title="Electronics Corporation of India Limited">Electronics Corporation of India Limited</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Voter-verified_paper_audit_trail" title="Voter-verified paper audit trail">Voter-verified paper audit trail</a> (VVPAT) was introduced on a trail basis in a by-poll in September 2013 in <a href="/wiki/Noksen_(Assembly_Constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Noksen (Assembly Constituency)">Noksen (Assembly Constituency)</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nagaland" title="Nagaland">Nagaland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later used in various <a href="/wiki/State_Assembly_elections_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="State Assembly elections in India">Legislative elections</a> and in eight Lok Sabha constituencies in <a href="/wiki/2014_Indian_general_election" title="2014 Indian general election">2014 Indian general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NOTA_Option_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/NOTA_Option_Logo.svg/220px-NOTA_Option_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/NOTA_Option_Logo.svg/330px-NOTA_Option_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/NOTA_Option_Logo.svg/440px-NOTA_Option_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>NOTA Voting Symbol in India</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2014, <a href="/wiki/None_of_the_above" title="None of the above">none of the above</a> (NOTA) was also added as an option on the voting machines which is now a mandatory option to be provided in any election.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The specific symbol for NOTA, a ballot paper with a black cross across it, was introduced on 18 September 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Photo electoral rolls with photographs of the candidates on the EVMs were first introduced in the <a href="/wiki/2015_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Election Commission organised an open hackathon on 3 June 2017 encouraging people to attempt hacking of EVMs used by the commission in various Indian elections.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While none of them participated, functioning of the EVM and VVPAT machines were demonstrated in the event.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Postal_voting#India" title="Postal voting">Postal voting in India</a> is done only through Electronically Transmitted Postal Ballot Papers (ETPB). Ballot papers are distributed to the registered eligible voters who return the votes by post. Postal votes are counted first before the counting of votes from the EVM. Only certain categories of people are eligible to register as postal voters. Employees working in the union armed forces and state police as well as their spouses, and those working for the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> who are officially posted abroad can register for the postal vote. People in <a href="/wiki/Preventive_detention" title="Preventive detention">preventive detention</a> can use postal vote while prisoners are not allowed to vote.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Election Commission of India has granted permission for individuals aged 80 and above and those with physical challenges to cast their votes from their homes.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Election Commission of India did not have data with regards to disabilities of voters as ascertained by a <a href="/wiki/Right_to_Information_Act,_2005" title="Right to Information Act, 2005">RTI</a> application filed in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Election commission offered sign language support to assist voters with speech and hearing impairment.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_Commission_of_India&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_democracy#Indian_subcontinent" title="History of democracy">History of democracy in the Indian-subcontinent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_Election_Commission_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="States Election Commission (India)">States Election Commission (India)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_Commission_of_India&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output 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.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://presentations.gov.in/logos/election-commission-of-india/">"Election Commission of India"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.pub=Government+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpresentations.gov.in%2Flogos%2Felection-commission-of-india%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eci.gov.in/contact-us">"Contact Us"</a>. <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Election Commission of India</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Contact+Us&rft.pub=Election+Commission+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eci.gov.in%2Fcontact-us&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECI-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ECI_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECI_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECI_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECI_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECI_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECI_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECI_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECI_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECI_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/the_setup.aspx">"A Constitutional Body"</a>. <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Election Commission of India</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Constitutional+Body&rft.pub=Election+Commission+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feci.nic.in%2Feci_main1%2Fthe_setup.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/rajiv-kumar-formally-takes-over-as-25th-chief-election-commissioner/articleshow/91574551.cms">"Rajiv Kumar formally takes over as 25th Chief Election Commissioner"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. 19 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Rajiv+Kumar+formally+takes+over+as+25th+Chief+Election+Commissioner&rft.date=2022-05-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2Frajiv-kumar-formally-takes-over-as-25th-chief-election-commissioner%2Farticleshow%2F91574551.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECC-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ECC_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECC_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/india/gyanesh-kumar-sukhbir-singh-sandhu-take-charge-as-election-commissioners-9215260/">"Gyanesh Kumar, Sukhbir Singh Sandhu take charge as Election Commissioners"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a></i>. 15 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Gyanesh+Kumar%2C+Sukhbir+Singh+Sandhu+take+charge+as+Election+Commissioners&rft.date=2024-03-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Findia%2Fgyanesh-kumar-sukhbir-singh-sandhu-take-charge-as-election-commissioners-9215260%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CEC-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CEC_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CEC_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CEC_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CEC_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceoandaman.nic.in/election/gfaq.php">"Election, FAQ"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Quint&rft.atitle=Contesting+the+Bihar+Polls%3F+Dummy+Candidates+Beware&rft.date=2015-09-21&rft.aulast=Virk&rft.aufirst=Aviral&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thequint.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fcontesting-the-bihar-polls-dummy-candidates-are-no-more-a-worry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/aap-calls-ecs-evm-challenge-farce-begins-registration-for-its-hackathon/articleshow/58975280.cms">"AAP calls EC's EVM challenge 'farce', begins registration for its hackathon"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economic_Times" title="The Economic Times">The Economic Times</a></i>. 3 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170910050017/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/aap-calls-ecs-evm-challenge-farce-begins-registration-for-its-hackathon/articleshow/58975280.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 10 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NDTV&rft.atitle=The+EVM+%28Vote+Machine%29+%27Hackathons%27+That+Weren%27t%3A+10+Points&rft.date=2017-06-03&rft.aulast=Prabhu&rft.aufirst=Sunil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findia-news%2Felection-commission-evm-challenge-today-aap-hackathon-too-10-points-1707370&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/postal-ballots-how-to-vote-if-you-live-away-from-home_in_5c3c3d91e4b0e0baf53ec910">"Maharashtra, Haryana Elections 2019: Can You Vote By Postal Ballot If You Aren't Living At Home?"</a>. <i>Huffington Post</i>. 26 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Maharashtra%2C+Haryana+Elections+2019%3A+Can+You+Vote+By+Postal+Ballot+If+You+Aren%27t+Living+At+Home%3F&rft.date=2019-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.in%2Fentry%2Fpostal-ballots-how-to-vote-if-you-live-away-from-home_in_5c3c3d91e4b0e0baf53ec910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsonair.gov.in/News?title=EC-provides-facility-to-voters-above-80-years-of-age-%26-Divyanga-to-vote-from-home&id=470919">"EC provides facility to voters above 80 years of age & Divyanga to vote from home"</a>. <i>News On AIR</i>. 13 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=News+On+AIR&rft.atitle=EC+provides+facility+to+voters+above+80+years+of+age+%26+Divyanga+to+vote+from+home&rft.date=2023-11-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsonair.gov.in%2FNews%3Ftitle%3DEC-provides-facility-to-voters-above-80-years-of-age-%2526-Divyanga-to-vote-from-home%26id%3D470919&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGohain2014" class="citation news cs1">Gohain, Manash Pratim (27 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Polls-near-but-no-data-of-voters-with-disabilities/articleshow/29432418.cms">"Polls near, but no data of voters with disabilities"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Times_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Times of India">Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225053101/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Polls-near-but-no-data-of-voters-with-disabilities/articleshow/29432418.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Polls+near%2C+but+no+data+of+voters+with+disabilities&rft.date=2014-01-27&rft.aulast=Gohain&rft.aufirst=Manash+Pratim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FPolls-near-but-no-data-of-voters-with-disabilities%2Farticleshow%2F29432418.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/bengaluru-news/karnataka-election-commission-offers-sign-language-assistance-to-voters-101667644841341.html">"Election commission offers sign language assistance to voters"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a></i>. 9 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Election+commission+offers+sign+language+assistance+to+voters&rft.date=2022-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fcities%2Fbengaluru-news%2Fkarnataka-election-commission-offers-sign-language-assistance-to-voters-101667644841341.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElection+Commission+of+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_Commission_of_India&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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id="Chief_Election_Commissioners_of_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Election_Commissioner_of_India" title="Chief Election Commissioner of India">Chief Election Commissioners of India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sukumar_Sen_(civil_servant)" title="Sukumar Sen (civil servant)">Sukumar Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyan_Sundaram" title="Kalyan Sundaram">Kalyan Sundaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._P._Sen_Verma" title="S. P. Sen Verma">S. P. Sen Verma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagendra_Singh" title="Nagendra Singh">Nagendra Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Swaminathan" title="T. Swaminathan">T. Swaminathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._L._Shakdhar" title="S. L. Shakdhar">S. L. Shakdhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._K._Trivedi" title="R. K. Trivedi">R. K. Trivedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._V._S._Peri_Sastri" title="R. V. S. Peri Sastri">R. V. S. Peri Sastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Ramadevi" title="V. S. Ramadevi">V. S. Ramadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._N._Seshan" title="T. N. Seshan">T. N. Seshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Gill" title="M. S. Gill">M. S. Gill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–2050</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Michael_Lyngdoh" title="James Michael Lyngdoh">J. M. Lyngdoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Krishnamurthy" title="T. S. Krishnamurthy">T. S. Krishnamurthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._B._Tandon" title="B. B. Tandon">B. B. Tandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._Gopalaswami" title="N. Gopalaswami">N. Gopalaswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navin_Chawla" title="Navin Chawla">Navin Chawla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Y._Quraishi" title="S. Y. Quraishi">S. Y. Quraishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Sampath" title="V. S. Sampath">V. S. Sampath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harishankar_Brahma" title="Harishankar Brahma">H. S. Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Nasim_Ahmad_Zaidi" title="Syed Nasim Ahmad Zaidi">Nasim Zaidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achal_Kumar_Jyoti" title="Achal Kumar Jyoti">A. K. Jyoti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om_Prakash_Rawat" title="Om Prakash Rawat">O. P. Rawat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunil_Arora" title="Sunil Arora">Sunil Arora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushil_Chandra" title="Sushil Chandra">Sushil Chandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajiv_Kumar_(civil_servant)" title="Rajiv Kumar (civil servant)">Rajiv Kumar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Elections_in_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_elections" title="Template:Indian elections"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indian_elections" title="Template talk:Indian elections"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_elections" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian elections"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Elections_in_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_India" title="Elections in India">Elections in India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_general_elections" title="List of Indian general elections">General elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Indian_general_election" title="1920 Indian general election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Indian_general_election" title="1923 Indian general election">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Indian_general_election" title="1926 Indian general election">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_Indian_general_election" title="1930 Indian general election">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Indian_general_election" title="1934 Indian general election">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Indian_general_election" title="1945 Indian general election">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951%E2%80%9352_Indian_general_election" title="1951–52 Indian general election">1951–52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Indian_general_election" title="1957 Indian general election">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Indian_general_election" title="1962 Indian general election">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Indian_general_election" title="1967 Indian general election">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Indian_general_election" title="1971 Indian general election">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Indian_general_election" title="1977 Indian general election">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Indian_general_election" title="1980 Indian general election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Indian_general_election" title="1984 Indian general election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Indian_general_election" title="1989 Indian general election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Indian_general_election" title="1991 Indian general election">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Indian_general_election" title="1996 Indian general election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Indian_general_election" title="1998 Indian general election">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Indian_general_election" title="1999 Indian general election">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Indian_general_election" title="2004 Indian general election">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Indian_general_election" title="2009 Indian general election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Indian_general_election" title="2014 Indian general election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Indian_general_election" title="2019 Indian general election">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Indian_general_election" title="2024 Indian general election">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_Indian_general_election" title="Next Indian general election"><i>Next</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_legislative_assembly_elections" title="List of Indian state legislative assembly elections">State elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Indian_general_election" title="1920 Indian general election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Indian_general_election" title="1923 Indian general election">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Indian_general_election" title="1926 Indian general election">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_Indian_general_election" title="1930 Indian general election">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Indian_general_election" title="1934 Indian general election">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Indian_provincial_elections" title="1937 Indian provincial elections">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Indian_general_election" title="1945 Indian general election">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Indian_provincial_elections" title="1946 Indian provincial elections">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951%E2%80%9352_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1951–52 elections in India">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1954 elections in India">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1955 elections in India">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1957 elections in India">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1960 elections in India">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1961 elections in India">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1962 elections in India">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1964 elections in India">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1965 elections in India">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1967 elections in India">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1968 elections in India">1968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1969_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1969 elections in India">1969</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1970 elections in India">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1971 elections in India">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1972 elections in India">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1974 elections in India">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1975 elections in India">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1977 elections in India">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1978 elections in India">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1979 elections in India">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1980 elections in India">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1982 elections in India">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1983 elections in India">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1984 elections in India">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1985 elections in India">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1987 elections in India">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1988 elections in India">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1989 elections in India">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1990 elections in India">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1991 elections in India">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1992 elections in India">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1993 elections in India">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1994 elections in India">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1995 elections in India">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1996 elections in India">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1997 elections in India">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1998 elections in India">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="1999 elections in India">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2000 elections in India">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2001 elections in India">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2002 elections in India">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2003 elections in India">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2004 elections in India">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2005 elections in India">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2006 elections in India">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2007 elections in India">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2008 elections in India">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2009 elections in India">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_elections_in_India" title="2010 elections in India">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_elections_in_India" title="2011 elections in India">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_elections_in_India" title="2012 elections in India">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_elections_in_India" title="2013 elections in India">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_elections_in_India#Legislative_Assembly_elections" title="2014 elections in India">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_elections_in_India" title="2015 elections in India">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_elections_in_India" title="2016 elections in India">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_elections_in_India" title="2017 elections in India">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_elections_in_India" title="2018 elections in India">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_elections_in_India" title="2019 elections in India">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_elections_in_India" title="2020 elections in India">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_elections_in_India" title="2021 elections in India">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_elections_in_India" title="2022 elections in India">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_elections_in_India" title="2023 elections in India">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_elections_in_India" title="2024 elections in India">2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_elections_in_India" title="2025 elections in India"><i>2025</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2026_elections_in_India" title="2026 elections in India"><i>2026</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2027_elections_in_India" title="2027 elections in India"><i>2027</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>See also: Elections in the <a href="/wiki/Template:Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands_elections" title="Template:Andaman and Nicobar Islands elections">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Andhra_Pradesh_elections" title="Template:Andhra Pradesh elections">Andhra Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Arunachal_Pradesh_elections" title="Template:Arunachal Pradesh elections">Arunachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Assam_elections" title="Template:Assam elections">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Bihar_elections" title="Template:Bihar elections">Bihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Chhattisgarh_elections" title="Template:Chhattisgarh elections">Chhattisgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Chandigarh_elections" title="Template:Chandigarh elections">Chandigarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Delhi_elections" title="Template:Delhi elections">Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Goan_elections" title="Template:Goan elections">Goa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Gujarat_elections" title="Template:Gujarat elections">Gujarat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Haryana_elections" title="Template:Haryana elections">Haryana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Himachal_Pradesh_elections" title="Template:Himachal Pradesh elections">Himachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jammu_and_Kashmir_elections" title="Template:Jammu and Kashmir elections">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Jharkhand_elections" title="Template:Jharkhand elections">Jharkhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Karnataka_elections" title="Template:Karnataka elections">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kerala_elections" title="Template:Kerala elections">Kerala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Madhya_Pradesh_elections" title="Template:Madhya Pradesh elections">Madhya Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Maharashtra_elections" title="Template:Maharashtra elections">Maharashtra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Manipur_elections" title="Template:Manipur elections">Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Meghalaya_elections" title="Template:Meghalaya elections">Meghalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mizoram_elections" title="Template:Mizoram elections">Mizoram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Nagaland_elections" title="Template:Nagaland elections">Nagaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Odisha_elections" title="Template:Odisha elections">Odisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Puducherry_elections" title="Template:Puducherry elections">Puducherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Punjab_(India)_elections" title="Template:Punjab (India) elections">Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Rajasthan_elections" title="Template:Rajasthan elections">Rajasthan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sikkimese_elections" title="Template:Sikkimese elections">Sikkim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Tamil_Nadu_elections" title="Template:Tamil Nadu elections">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Telangana_elections" title="Template:Telangana elections">Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Tripura_elections" title="Template:Tripura elections">Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Uttar_Pradesh_elections" title="Template:Uttar Pradesh elections">Uttar Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Uttarakhand_elections" title="Template:Uttarakhand elections">Uttarakhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:West_Bengal_elections" title="Template:West Bengal elections">West Bengal</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_presidential_elections" title="Template:Indian presidential elections">Presidential elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Rajya_Sabha" title="Template:Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha elections</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Election Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_election_commissions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_election_commissions" title="Template:National election commissions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_election_commissions" title="Template talk:National election commissions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_election_commissions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National election commissions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_election_commissions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National <a href="/wiki/Election_commission" title="Election commission">election commissions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Electoral_Commission_(Angola)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Electoral Commission (Angola) (page does not exist)">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autonomous_National_Electoral_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autonomous National Electoral Commission (page does not exist)">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Electoral_Commission_(Botswana)" title="Independent Electoral Commission (Botswana)">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Independent_National_Electoral_Commission_(Burkina_Faso)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independent National Electoral Commission (Burkina Faso) (page does not exist)">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Independent_National_Electoral_Commission_(Burundi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independent National Electoral Commission (Burundi) (page does not exist)">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elections_Cameroon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elections Cameroon (page does not exist)">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Electoral_Commission_(Cape_Verde)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Electoral Commission (Cape Verde) (page does not exist)">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Authority_of_Elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Authority of Elections (page does not exist)">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Independent_National_Electoral_Commission_(Comoros)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independent National Electoral Commission (Comoros) (page does not exist)">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_National_Electoral_Commission_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" title="Independent National Electoral Commission (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">DR Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Elections_Authority" title="National Elections Authority">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Election_Board_of_Ethiopia" title="National Election Board of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Independent_Electoral_Commission_(Gambia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independent Electoral Commission (Gambia) (page does not exist)">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_of_Ghana" title="Electoral Commission of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_National_Electoral_Commission_(Guinea)" title="Independent National Electoral Commission (Guinea)">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Electoral_Commission_(Guinea-Bissau)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Electoral Commission (Guinea-Bissau) (page does not exist)">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Independent_Electoral_Commission_(Ivory_Coast)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independent Electoral Commission (Ivory Coast) (page does not exist)">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Electoral_and_Boundaries_Commission" title="Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Independent_Electoral_Commission_(Lesotho)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independent Electoral Commission (Lesotho) (page does not exist)">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Elections_Commission_(Liberia)" title="National Elections Commission (Liberia)">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_National_Election_Commission" title="High National Election Commission">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Independent_National_Electoral_Commission_for_the_Transition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independent National Electoral Commission for the Transition (page does not exist)">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Malawi_Electoral_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malawi Electoral Commission (page does not exist)">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Independent_Election_Commission" title="National Independent Election Commission">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_Commissioner%27s_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral Commissioner's Office (page does not exist)">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Electoral_Commission_(Mozambique)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Electoral Commission (Mozambique) (page does not exist)">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_of_Namibia" title="Electoral Commission of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Independent_Electoral_Commission_(Niger)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Independent Electoral Commission (Niger) (page does not exist)">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_National_Electoral_Commission" title="Independent National Electoral Commission">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Autonomous_Electoral_Commission_(Senegal)" title="National Autonomous Electoral Commission (Senegal)">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_of_Seychelles" title="Electoral Commission of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electoral_Commission_(Somaliland)" title="National Electoral Commission (Somaliland)">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_of_South_Africa" title="Electoral Commission of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan_National_Elections_Commission" title="Sudan National Elections Commission">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electoral_Commission_(Tanzania)" title="National Electoral Commission (Tanzania)">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_High_Authority_for_Elections" title="Independent High Authority for Elections">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_of_Uganda" title="Electoral Commission of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_Electoral_Commission" title="Zimbabwe Electoral Commission">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_%26_Barbuda_Electoral_Commission" title="Antigua & Barbuda Electoral Commission">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li>Argentina <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A1mara_Nacional_Electoral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cámara Nacional Electoral (page does not exist)">CNE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Direcci%C3%B3n_Nacional_Electoral&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dirección Nacional Electoral (page does not exist)">DINE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_and_Boundaries_Commission_(Barbados)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Barbados) (page does not exist)">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize_Elections_and_Boundaries_Commission" title="Belize Elections and Boundaries Commission">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plurinational_Electoral_Organ" title="Plurinational Electoral Organ">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_Electoral_Court" title="Superior Electoral Court">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_Canada" title="Elections Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Service" title="Electoral Service">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electoral_Council_(Colombia)" title="National Electoral Council (Colombia)">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Electoral_Court_of_Costa_Rica" title="Supreme Electoral Court of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral Office (page does not exist)">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Electoral_Board" title="Central Electoral Board">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electoral_Council_(Ecuador)" title="National Electoral Council (Ecuador)">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Electoral_Court_(El_Salvador)" title="Supreme Electoral Court (El Salvador)">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Electoral_Tribunal_(Guatemala)" title="Supreme Electoral Tribunal (Guatemala)">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guyana_Elections_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guyana Elections Commission (page does not exist)">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Electoral_Council" title="Provisional Electoral Council">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_of_Jamaica" title="Electoral Commission of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Electoral_Tribunal_(Honduras)" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Electoral Tribunal (Honduras)">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Nacional_Electoral" title="Instituto Nacional Electoral">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Electoral_Council_(Nicaragua)" title="Supreme Electoral Council (Nicaragua)">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_Court_(Panama)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral Court (Panama) (page does not exist)">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Supreme_Court_of_Electoral_Justice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supreme Court of Electoral Justice (page does not exist)">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Office_of_Electoral_Processes" title="National Office of Electoral Processes">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_and_Boundaries_Commission_(Trinidad_and_Tobago)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral and Boundaries Commission (Trinidad and Tobago) (page does not exist)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Court_of_Uruguay" title="Electoral Court of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electoral_Council_(Venezuela)" title="National Electoral Council (Venezuela)">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Election_Commission_(Afghanistan)" title="Independent Election Commission (Afghanistan)">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_(Azerbaijan)" title="Central Election Commission (Azerbaijan)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directorate_of_Elections_and_Referendums&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Directorate of Elections and Referendums (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Commission Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_Commission_of_Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Election Commission of Bhutan (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Election_Committee_(Cambodia)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Election Committee (Cambodia)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Electoral_Commission_(East_Timor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Electoral Commission (East Timor) (page does not exist)">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Affairs_Commission" title="Electoral Affairs Commission">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Elections_Commission" title="General Elections Commission">Indonesia</a></li> <li>Iran <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Election_Office_(Iran)" title="Election Office (Iran)">EO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_Council" title="Guardian Council">GC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_High_Electoral_Commission" title="Independent High Electoral Commission">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Elections_Committee" title="Central Elections Committee">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Election_Management_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Election Management Council (page does not exist)">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Election_Commission_(Jordan)" title="Independent Election Commission (Jordan)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_(Kazakhstan)" title="Central Election Commission (Kazakhstan)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Electoral_Commission_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Central Electoral Commission of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_Malaysia" title="Election Commission of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_Commission_(Maldives)" title="Elections Commission (Maldives)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Election_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="General Election Commission (page does not exist)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Election_Commission" title="Union Election Commission">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission,_Nepal" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Commission, Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_Pakistan" title="Election Commission of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Elections_Commission_(Palestine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Elections Commission (Palestine)">Palestinian territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Elections_(Philippines)" title="Commission on Elections (Philippines)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Elections Department">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Election_Commission_(South_Korea)" title="National Election Commission (South Korea)">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Election Commission of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_(Taiwan)" title="Central Election Commission (Taiwan)">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_Thailand" title="Election Commission of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Election_Council_(Turkey)" title="Supreme Election Council (Turkey)">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_of_Abkhazia" title="Central Election Commission of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_(Albania)" title="Central Election Commission (Albania)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Electoral_Commission_of_Armenia" title="Central Electoral Commission of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_of_Belarus" title="Central Election Commission of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Directorate_of_Elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Directorate of Elections (page does not exist)">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Central Election Commission of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia & Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Election_Commission_(Bulgaria)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Election Commission (Bulgaria) (page does not exist)">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_Electoral_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State Electoral Commission (page does not exist)">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Service" title="Electoral Service">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Electoral_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Electoral Committee (page does not exist)">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Election_Unit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Election Unit (page does not exist)">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Council_(France)" title="Constitutional Council (France)">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Administration_of_Georgia" title="Election Administration of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Election_Commission_(Greece)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Election Commission (Greece) (page does not exist)">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Election_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Election Office (page does not exist)">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electoral_Commission_of_Iceland" title="National Electoral Commission of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(Ireland)" title="Electoral Commission (Ireland)">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Directorate_for_Electoral_Services" title="Central Directorate for Electoral Services">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Election_Commission_(Kosovo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Election Commission (Kosovo) (page does not exist)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_(Latvia)" title="Central Election Commission (Latvia)">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Electoral_Commission_(Lithuania)" title="Central Electoral Commission (Lithuania)">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_Commission_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral Commission Malta (page does not exist)">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Electoral_Commission_of_Moldova" title="Central Electoral Commission of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=State_Election_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State Election Commission (page does not exist)">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Council" title="Electoral Council">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Directorate_of_Elections" title="Norwegian Directorate of Elections">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electoral_Commission_(Poland)" title="National Electoral Commission (Poland)">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Elections_Commission_(Portugal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Elections Commission (Portugal) (page does not exist)">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Republic_Electoral_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republic Electoral Commission (page does not exist)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junta_Electoral_Central" title="Junta Electoral Central">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Election_Authority_(Sweden)" title="Election Authority (Sweden)">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Election_Council_(Turkey)" title="Supreme Election Council (Turkey)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_(Ukraine)" title="Central Election Commission (Ukraine)">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(United_Kingdom)" title="Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Electoral_Commission" title="Australian Electoral Commission">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(Fiji)" title="Electoral Commission (Fiji)">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru_Electoral_Commission" title="Nauru Electoral Commission">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(New_Zealand)" title="Electoral Commission (New Zealand)">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palau_Election_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palau Election Commission (page does not exist)">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea_Electoral_Commission" title="Papua New Guinea Electoral Commission">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000023767061">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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