CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Master Quality Authenticated - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"b4284a35-8b0e-4720-a5c2-669e9ea56ac9","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Master_Quality_Authenticated","wgTitle":"Master Quality Authenticated","wgCurRevisionId":1255606964,"wgRevisionId":1255606964,"wgArticleId":45425053,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list","All articles with self-published sources","Articles with self-published sources from July 2023","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use British English from February 2023","Articles to be expanded from November 2021","Articles containing pro and con lists","Wikipedia articles with style issues from February 2024","All articles with style issues","Audio codecs", "Computer-related introductions in 2014"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Master_Quality_Authenticated","wgRelevantArticleId":45425053,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true, "wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q22906764","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible", "mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Master Quality Authenticated - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Master_Quality_Authenticated rootpage-Master_Quality_Authenticated skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Master+Quality+Authenticated" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Master+Quality+Authenticated" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Master+Quality+Authenticated" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Master+Quality+Authenticated" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Codec_description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Codec_description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Codec description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Codec_description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Audio_signal_processing_description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Audio_signal_processing_description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Audio signal processing description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audio_signal_processing_description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Authentication_description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Authentication_description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Authentication description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Authentication_description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Reception subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Positive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Positive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Positive</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Positive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Negative" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Negative"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Negative</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Negative-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Playback_devices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Playback_devices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Playback devices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Playback_devices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Master Quality Authenticated</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated" title="Master Quality Authenticated – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Master Quality Authenticated" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/MQA" title="MQA – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="MQA" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated" title="Master Quality Authenticated – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Master Quality Authenticated" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated" title="Master Quality Authenticated – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Master Quality Authenticated" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q22906764#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Master_Quality_Authenticated" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Master_Quality_Authenticated"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Master_Quality_Authenticated" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Master_Quality_Authenticated" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&oldid=1255606964" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Master_Quality_Authenticated&id=1255606964&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMaster_Quality_Authenticated"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMaster_Quality_Authenticated"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q22906764" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Audiophile audio processing technology</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom:0.15em;">Master Quality Authenticated</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MQA_logo_stacked_black200.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/MQA_logo_stacked_black200.png/64px-MQA_logo_stacked_black200.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/MQA_logo_stacked_black200.png/96px-MQA_logo_stacked_black200.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/MQA_logo_stacked_black200.png/128px-MQA_logo_stacked_black200.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="287" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Developed by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;">MQA Ltd.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Type of format</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;">Audio file format</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.35em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://mqa.co.uk/">https://mqa.co.uk/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Master Quality Authenticated</b> (<b>MQA</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary</a> system for delivering high-quality <a href="/wiki/Digital_audio" title="Digital audio">digital audio</a>. The system includes <a href="/wiki/Audio_signal_processing" title="Audio signal processing">audio signal processing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Audio_compression_(data)" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio compression (data)">lossy audio compression</a> and <a href="/wiki/Authentication" title="Authentication">authentication</a>. MQA requires licensing fees to use. The system was launched in 2014 by <a href="/wiki/Meridian_Audio" title="Meridian Audio">Meridian Audio</a>, and is now owned by Lenbrook. </p><p>The MQA system is a three-part process applied to digital audio music recordings consisting of: 1) modifying and controlling the <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Audio_signal_processing_description">end-to-end digital filter response</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Some_Real-World_Comparisons_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Some_Real-World_Comparisons-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2) preparing the audio for transfer to a smartphone or audio device using a <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Codec_description">lossy audio compression</a> format with <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Authentication_description">authentication</a>; and 3) <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Codec_description">decompressing</a> the recording for playback.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There has been controversy regarding several aspects of MQA. These aspects include but are not limited to: whether the audio signal processing improves or degrades the sound quality, whether the lossy audio compression degrades the sound quality, the utility of the authentication function, and the effect of licensing fees on music recording and playback businesses. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The press launch of MQA was held in December 2014 in London,<sup id="cite_ref-hificritic_mqa_shard_dec2014_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hificritic_mqa_shard_dec2014-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> followed by the company hosting a demonstration room at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in January 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The initial hardware manufacturers which offered MQA decoding were Pioneer, Onkyo, and Mytek.<sup id="cite_ref-audioxpress4jan16_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-audioxpress4jan16-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2016, Warner Music Group signed a long-term licensing deal with MQA.<sup id="cite_ref-mbw-warner-becomes-first-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mbw-warner-becomes-first-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MQA_confirms_Sony_Music_and_Merlin_as_hi-res_audio_partners_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MQA_confirms_Sony_Music_and_Merlin_as_hi-res_audio_partners-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/RIAA" class="mw-redirect" title="RIAA">RIAA</a> announced in May 2016 that <a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_SLS" title="MPEG-4 SLS">MPEG-4 SLS</a> and MQA were eligible to use the <i>Hi-Res MUSIC</i> logo on their products;<sup id="cite_ref-riaa-hires-mqa_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riaa-hires-mqa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the latter despite the logo being intended for <i>lossless audio</i> recordings.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2017, music distribution companies Warner Music Group, Universal Music Group, Sony Music and Merlin Network had agreed to make some of their recordings in MQA format.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Xiami Music began offering MQA streaming via its SVIP pricing tier in July 2019; however, the music service was discontinued in February 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2018, an MQA Live encoder box was released, which is intended for live music concerts to be streamed using the MQA compression algorithm.<sup id="cite_ref-promises_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-promises-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2021, internet radio station <a href="/wiki/Radio_Paradise" title="Radio Paradise">Radio Paradise</a> began offering MQA on its channels.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2021, the <a href="/wiki/Apple_Music" title="Apple Music">Apple Music</a> streaming service announced a <i>Lossless Audio</i> pricing tier, which was described as a "death knell" for MQA.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2022, online mastering service Masterchannel added MQA encoding to its suite of tools. The automated mastering is based on machine learning, and the MQA encoding process is applied after mastering.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same month, Alpine Alps became the first aftermarket car audio company with full TIDAL integration. Head units are capable of MQA Core decoding when playing TIDAL Masters.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <p id="SCL6">On November 9, 2022, MQA announced a new product called MQair,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is a hi-res wireless audio codec. Coinciding with the announcement, the Japan Audio Society (JAS) also released a statement certifying MQair with the "Hi-Res AUDIO WIRELESS" logo.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MQair is the fourth codec to receive this, alongside <a href="/wiki/LC3_(codec)" title="LC3 (codec)">LC3plus</a>, <a href="/wiki/LHDC_(codec)" title="LHDC (codec)">LHDC</a> and <a href="/wiki/LDAC_(codec)" title="LDAC (codec)">LDAC</a>. MQAir is also known by the technical name <a href="/w/index.php?title=SCL6_(codec)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCL6 (codec) (page does not exist)">SCL6</a> which stands for the sixth generation of scalable codec developed by MQA. MQair is agnostic and can handle files from almost any music streaming service. It can unfold regular MQA files and regular PCM music files. The technology supports both MQA and PCM audio up to stereo 384 kHz, with the encoded data rate able to be scaled seamlessly from 20 Mbit/s to below 200 kbit/s. This makes MQair suitable for use over Bluetooth, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) and Wi-Fi.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MQair can be enabled via a firmware update on existing headphones, scales in realtime and works up to 10 meters.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MQAir was subsequently renamed AIRIA.</p> <p>On 3 April 2023, MQA Limited, the company behind MQA had gone into <a href="/wiki/Administration_(law)" title="Administration (law)">administration</a>. The primary streaming service providing MQA format music, Tidal, subsequently began offering high-resolution PCM in addition to MQA in their HiFi Plus tier.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 September 2023, Lenbrook acquired MQA Limited's assets.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 June 2024, Lenbrook announced a partnership with HDTracks to create a music streaming service that will give customers a choice of MQA or PCM formats.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of July 24, 2024, <a href="/wiki/Tidal_(service)" title="Tidal (service)">Tidal</a> streaming service dropped support of MQA in favor of <a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Lossless_Audio" class="mw-redirect" title="Lossless Audio">lossless</a> and <a href="/wiki/Open_source" title="Open source">open source</a> format.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Codec_description">Codec description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Codec description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about how metadata such as the fingerprint and the source sample rate is stored in the LPCM output.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Master_Quality_Authenticated" title="Talk:Master Quality Authenticated">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>MQA encoding is <a href="/wiki/Lossy" class="mw-redirect" title="Lossy">lossy</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-benchmark_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-benchmark-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it hierarchically compresses the relatively little energy in the higher frequency bands into data streams that are embedded in the lower frequency bands using proprietary <a href="/wiki/Dither#Digital_audio" title="Dither">dithering</a> techniques, allowing for an apparent reduction in <a href="/wiki/Sample_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sample rate">sample rate</a> and hence file size. </p><p>After a series of such "origami" manipulations,<sup id="cite_ref-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Tutorial:_Music_Origami_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Tutorial:_Music_Origami-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a dithered and shaped version of the original audio, together with a <i>touchup</i> stream (the compressed difference between the original and modified streams), are distributed as a single 24-bit stream, with the most significant bits occupied by <a href="/wiki/PCM" class="mw-redirect" title="PCM">PCM</a> audio compatible with non-MQA playback equipment. Depending on the implementation, as few as 13 bits may be reserved for PCM audio, with the lower-order bits rendered as noise by equipment without an MQA decoder.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MQA-encoded audio can be contained with file formats such as <a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Lossless" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Lossless">ALAC</a> or <a href="/wiki/CD-DA" class="mw-redirect" title="CD-DA">CD-DA</a>; hence, it can be played back on systems either with or without an MQA decoder. In the latter case, the resulting audio contains high-frequency noise occupying the three least-significant bits, thus limiting playback on non-MQA devices effectively to 13 bits. Despite this, MQA claims that the quality is higher than a conventional 16-bit recording, because of the novel sampling and convolution processes.<sup id="cite_ref-ccc_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccc-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other than the sampling and convolution methods, which were not explained by MQA in detail, the encoding process is similar to that used in <a href="/wiki/XRCD" class="mw-redirect" title="XRCD">XRCD</a> and <a href="/wiki/HDCD" class="mw-redirect" title="HDCD">HDCD</a>. </p><p>In addition to the compressed audio data, the codec also carries meta-data for <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Authentication_description">authentication</a> and <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Audio_signal_processing_description">playback filter control</a>. The authentication meta-data instructs the decoder that the file contains MQA format and identifies basic or "Studio" certification which may be indicated on the playback device. The playback filter control meta-data instructs the playback device on which filter to use for reconstruction of the analogue waveform. </p><p>Unlike popular lossy compression formats like <a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MP3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio" title="Windows Media Audio">WMA</a> that use perceptual encoding based on psychoacoustic models, the lossy encoding method of MQA is similar to <a href="/wiki/AptX" title="AptX">aptX</a>, <a href="/wiki/LDAC_(codec)" title="LDAC (codec)">LDAC</a> and <a href="/wiki/WavPack" title="WavPack">WavPack</a> Hybrid Lossy, which uses time-domain <a href="/wiki/ADPCM" class="mw-redirect" title="ADPCM">ADPCM</a> and bitrate reduction. Although MQA compression is lossy, it is claimed to be <a href="/wiki/Transparency_(data_compression)" title="Transparency (data compression)">audibly transparent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sos_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sos-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Audio_signal_processing_description">Audio signal processing description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Audio signal processing description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MQA processes the digital audio recording to alter the <a href="/wiki/Impulse_response" title="Impulse response">impulse response</a> of the end-to-end filter chain from recording and production to playback. This is described as changing the <a href="/wiki/Time_domain" title="Time domain">time domain</a> response similar to that of sound passing through less than 20 meters of air.<sup id="cite_ref-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Some_Real-World_Comparisons_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Some_Real-World_Comparisons-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The MQA filter response process starts with the <a href="/wiki/Analog-to-digital_converter" title="Analog-to-digital converter">ADC</a>, either by a known make and model or by analyzing artifacts in the recording, and ends with control of the filter in the playback <a href="/wiki/Digital-to-analog_converter" title="Digital-to-analog converter">DAC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is common for consumer DACs to include user selectable filters, including <a href="/wiki/Apodization_filter" class="mw-redirect" title="Apodization filter">apodization filters</a> intended to improve time domain <a href="/wiki/Transient_response" title="Transient response">transient response</a> without knowledge of the production filters, whereas MQA controls the DAC filter to complete the MQA designed end-to-end time domain filter response.<sup id="cite_ref-sos_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sos-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Authentication_description">Authentication description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Authentication description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The MQA processed file contains an authentication function that indicates if the file is in the MQA format or not. There are two defined categories of MQA authentication: "MQA" (which may be indicated with a green light) meaning that the file has not been altered since creation, and "MQA Studio" (which may be indicated with a blue light) additionally means that someone representing the studio or artist validated that the file is an approved version. One claimed intent of the MQA authentication feature is to assure that the recording is genuine and unadulterated from the MQA processed <a href="/wiki/Mastering_(audio)" title="Mastering (audio)">studio master recording</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though the veracity of this authentication has been called into question.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilson_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Pro_and_con_list plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>contains a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pro_and_con_lists" title="Wikipedia:Pro and con lists">pro and con list</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit">rewriting it</a> into consolidated sections based on topics.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Positive">Positive</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Positive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Robert Harley, editor of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Absolute_Sound" title="The Absolute Sound">The Absolute Sound</a></i> stated in March 2016 that MQA "will forever change the way we and future generations consider digital audio".<sup id="cite_ref-harley_tas_may2016_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harley_tas_may2016-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>John Atkinson, editor of <i><a href="/wiki/Stereophile" title="Stereophile">Stereophile</a></i> stated the following about the launch of MQA in December 2014 "In almost 40 years of attending audio press events, only rarely have I come away feeling that I was present at the birth of a new world."<sup id="cite_ref-atkinson_stereophile_dec2014_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-atkinson_stereophile_dec2014-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2L Records 2015 announcement of an MQA remastered release of piano recordings, company owner <a href="/wiki/Morten_Lindberg_(sound_engineer)" title="Morten Lindberg (sound engineer)">Morten Lindberg</a> stated "I have spent many hours with Bob listening to original recordings and being constantly amazed by the incredible sense of space and clarity brought by MQA", in comparison to the drawbacks and weaknesses of the early digital technology originally used for the recordings.<sup id="cite_ref-Morten_Lindberg_speaks_about_MQA_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morten_Lindberg_speaks_about_MQA-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Records" title="Atlantic Records">Atlantic Records</a> announcement that it would sell records using the MQA format, CEO Craig Kallman stated in May 2016 that "MQA makes high-resolution music easy to stream or download to any device. Music fans will love it when they hear it, and WMG is thrilled to be partnering with MQA to take the next step in bringing hi-res music to consumers around the globe".<sup id="cite_ref-Warner_Music_Group_becomes_the_first_big_label_to_adopt_MQA_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warner_Music_Group_becomes_the_first_big_label_to_adopt_MQA-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, when <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a> announced in February 2017 that they would be selling songs in MQA format, company executive Michael Nash stated "with MQA, we are working with a partner whose technology is among the best solutions for streaming high-res audio, and one that doesn't ask music fans to compromise on sound quality for convenience".<sup id="cite_ref-Universal_second_major_to_sign_licensing_deal_with_HD_music_firm_MQA_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Universal_second_major_to_sign_licensing_deal_with_HD_music_firm_MQA-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Negative">Negative</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Negative"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An article titled "Digital Done Wrong" on the International Audio/Video Review website concluded that MQA is founded on a fundamentally unsound understanding of correct digital audio processing and found that playback of a sample MQA encoding demonstrated gross distortion and reconstruction failure. It did, however, comment that some listeners may find the technical defects of MQA encoding subjectively pleasing.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Singer and musician <a href="/wiki/Neil_Young" title="Neil Young">Neil Young</a> has expressed dislike for the MQA format, saying the masters are "degraded and manipulated" when encoded to MQA and has consequently removed his music from <a href="/wiki/Tidal_(service)" title="Tidal (service)">Tidal</a>, after finding out that his catalogue on the service was encoded in MQA without his permission, criticizing Warner Music Group (which owns <a href="/wiki/Reprise_Records" title="Reprise Records">Reprise Records</a> that Young has released most of his catalogue through) for encoding music whose masters are no better than CD-quality in MQA. He also characterizes the format as a way to collect royalties.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some critical comments have been made in online forums such as the Audiophile Style forum<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in audio magazine website comments, and a few writers have expressed concern in some areas. Over 80 detailed questions, some of which voiced these concerns, were submitted to the editors of the Audiophile Style forum and subsequently addressed in detail by the creator of MQA, Bob Stuart, in an extended question-and-answer article.<sup id="cite_ref-computer_audiophile_QA_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-computer_audiophile_QA-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The editors of Audiophile Style forum subsequently updated the article with a disclaimer that "Most of Bob Stuart's answers have been debunked and the MQA technology is now seen as lacking any benefit for anyone other than record labels and MQA Ltd."<sup id="cite_ref-computer_audiophile_QA_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-computer_audiophile_QA-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Audio product manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Schiit_Audio" title="Schiit Audio">Schiit Audio</a> announced that it will not be supporting MQA due, amongst other reasons, to the understanding that "…supporting MQA means handing over the entire recording industry to an external standards organization."<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a blog post titled "MQA is Bad for Music. Here's Why", hi-fi manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Linn_Products" title="Linn Products">Linn Products</a> criticises MQA's licensing requirements, asserting that MQA is "...an attempt to control and extract revenue from every part of the supply chain, and not just over content that they hold the rights for."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After having discussed several disadvantages for both the artist and the consumer Linn concludes that a consumer will "…pay a higher price for the same music, and you'll pay more for your hi-fi system too. And even if you don't buy into MQA, everyone will get less innovation, creativity and poorer music as a result."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview for online publication <i>Positive Feedback</i>, engineer Andreas Koch is critical of MQA due to its lossy algorithms and compression, along with its licensing requirements; also saying that a format such as this "does not solve any problem that the world currently has."<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Koch was involved in the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Super_Audio_CD" title="Super Audio CD">Super Audio CD</a>, the development of the <a href="/wiki/Direct_Stream_Digital" title="Direct Stream Digital">Direct Stream Digital</a> codec, and is co-founder of audio product manufacturer Playback Designs. </p><p>While the encoding system remains proprietary, work by Måns Rullgård was able to examine the control stream after the first decoding step through analysis of the Bluesound "rendering" firmware in early 2017 with published code.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using the reverse-engineered code, audio blogger Archimago published results of the MQA dithering, noise shaping, and resampling options in the MQA "rendering" step.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MQA's upsampling filter impulse responses were published by July 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A critical review of MQA titled "MQA: A Review of Controversies, Concerns, and Cautions" was published in <i>Audiophile Style</i> in early 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MQA declined a request for formal response to the contents of the article. </p><p>The <i>GoldenSound</i> audio equipment review website examined MQA through the use of author-created audio tracks released on Tidal.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through analysis of tracks before and after MQA conversion, it was found that encoding a file in MQA alters the sound encapsulated in the file to its detriment.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> GoldenSound deduced that this method of encoding shows MQA has been providing unfounded information on how their encoding and format work. Shortly after contacting MQA for clarification about the issues, the files in question were deleted from Tidal. (Bob Stuart wrote on his blog that "MQA did not delete his files; that accusation is false"<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) MQA stated that the files supplied were not dithered but truncated 16-bit files (meaning they were of higher bit rate originally) leading to the issues in encoding.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> GoldenSound disputes this, saying they have tested the track both dithered and undithered. GoldenSound also reports ineffectiveness of the fingerprinting technique,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wilson_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilson-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was also experienced by Neil Young and FredericV.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To counter the points made by Goldensounds, Jim Austin of <a href="/wiki/Stereophile" title="Stereophile">Stereophile</a> published an article which included criticism of the use of test signals which violated the MQA encoder parameters that are designed for music, and stating that the "GoldenSound's tests are a missed opportunity" and that the "critique is unfair".<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Playback_devices">Playback devices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Playback devices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hardware decoders are sold by Pioneer, Onkyo, Astell & Kern, Sony and others.<sup id="cite_ref-MQA_audio:_What_is_it?_How_can_you_get_it?_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MQA_audio:_What_is_it?_How_can_you_get_it?-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Software decoders are sold by <a href="/wiki/Tidal_(service)" title="Tidal (service)">Tidal</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Tidal_adds_hi-res_audio_streams_with_'Tidal_Masters'_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tidal_adds_hi-res_audio_streams_with_'Tidal_Masters'-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Roon.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">Compact discs</a> encoded with MQA (<i>MQA-CD</i>) were first released in 2017, beginning with the publisher Ottava.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The MQA decoding will occur if an MQA decoder is connected.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MQA Ltd collects a royalty for every commercial MQA-capable playback unit sold. MQA Ltd prohibits digital output of unpacked MQA in any digital format, only allowing the unpacked data to be fed to an on-board MQA-compatible DAC and output in analogue form. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Some_Real-World_Comparisons-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Some_Real-World_Comparisons_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Some_Real-World_Comparisons_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stereophile.com/content/mqa-questions-and-answers-some-real-world-comparisons">"MQA: Questions and Answers Some Real-World Comparisons"</a>. <i>Stereophile.com</i>. Stereophile. 11 August 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160814182806/http://www.stereophile.com/content/mqa-questions-and-answers-some-real-world-comparisons">Archived</a> from the original on 14 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stereophile.com&rft.atitle=MQA%3A+Questions+and+Answers+Some+Real-World+Comparisons&rft.date=2016-08-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stereophile.com%2Fcontent%2Fmqa-questions-and-answers-some-real-world-comparisons&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trustedreviews.com/explainer/what-is-mqa-2932975">"What is MQA? The digital audio format explained"</a>. <i>Trusted Reviews</i>. 2022-06-15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220831152410/https://www.trustedreviews.com/explainer/what-is-mqa-2932975">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-08-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Trusted+Reviews&rft.atitle=What+is+MQA%3F+The+digital+audio+format+explained&rft.date=2022-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trustedreviews.com%2Fexplainer%2Fwhat-is-mqa-2932975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hificritic_mqa_shard_dec2014-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hificritic_mqa_shard_dec2014_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hificritic.com/blog/-meridian-launch-mqa-master-quality-authenticated-audio-format">"Meridian Launch MQA 'Master Quality Authenticated' Audio Format"</a>. HiFiCritic.com. 7 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605132403/http://www.hificritic.com/blog/-meridian-launch-mqa-master-quality-authenticated-audio-format">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Meridian+Launch+MQA+%27Master+Quality+Authenticated%27+Audio+Format&rft.date=2014-12-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hificritic.com%2Fblog%2F-meridian-launch-mqa-master-quality-authenticated-audio-format&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Waldrep" class="citation web cs1">Waldrep, Mark (12 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.realhd-audio.com/?p=4036">"MQA at CES 2015: Part II Listening"</a>. <i>Real HD Audio</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605092553/http://www.realhd-audio.com/?p=4036">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Real+HD+Audio&rft.atitle=MQA+at+CES+2015%3A+Part+II+Listening&rft.date=2015-01-12&rft.aulast=Waldrep&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.realhd-audio.com%2F%3Fp%3D4036&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-audioxpress4jan16-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-audioxpress4jan16_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFaudioXpress_Staff" class="citation web cs1">audioXpress Staff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.audioxpress.com/article/Master-Quality-Authenticated-MQA-Launches-Major-Partnerships-and-New-Development-Platforms-at-CES-2016">"Master Quality Authenticated (MQA) Launches Major Partnerships and New Development Platforms at CES 2016"</a>. <i>audioXpress</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160610222825/http://www.audioxpress.com/article/Master-Quality-Authenticated-MQA-Launches-Major-Partnerships-and-New-Development-Platforms-at-CES-2016">Archived</a> from the original on 10 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=audioXpress&rft.atitle=Master+Quality+Authenticated+%28MQA%29+Launches+Major+Partnerships+and+New+Development+Platforms+at+CES+2016&rft.au=audioXpress+Staff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.audioxpress.com%2Farticle%2FMaster-Quality-Authenticated-MQA-Launches-Major-Partnerships-and-New-Development-Platforms-at-CES-2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mbw-warner-becomes-first-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mbw-warner-becomes-first-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-becomes-first-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa/">"Warner becomes first major to sign deal with HD music firm MQA"</a>. <i>Music Business Worldwide</i>. 8 May 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160512184513/http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/warner-becomes-first-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Warner+becomes+first+major+to+sign+deal+with+HD+music+firm+MQA&rft.date=2016-05-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Fwarner-becomes-first-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MQA_confirms_Sony_Music_and_Merlin_as_hi-res_audio_partners-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MQA_confirms_Sony_Music_and_Merlin_as_hi-res_audio_partners_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-confirms-sony-music-and-merlin-hi-res-audio-partners">"MQA confirms Sony Music and Merlin as hi-res audio partners"</a>. <i>whathifi.com</i>. Stereophile. 16 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517060657/https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-confirms-sony-music-and-merlin-hi-res-audio-partners">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=whathifi.com&rft.atitle=MQA+confirms+Sony+Music+and+Merlin+as+hi-res+audio+partners&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whathifi.com%2Fnews%2Fmqa-confirms-sony-music-and-merlin-hi-res-audio-partners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-riaa-hires-mqa-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-riaa-hires-mqa_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRIAA_News2016" class="citation web cs1">RIAA News (11 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/hi-res-music-initiative-expands-to-include-music-streaming-services/">"HI-RES MUSIC INITIATIVE EXPANDS TO INCLUDE MUSIC STREAMING SERVICES"</a>. <i>Recording Industry Association of America</i>. RIAA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160518150123/http://www.riaa.com/hi-res-music-initiative-expands-to-include-music-streaming-services/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft.atitle=HI-RES+MUSIC+INITIATIVE+EXPANDS+TO+INCLUDE+MUSIC+STREAMING+SERVICES&rft.date=2016-05-11&rft.au=RIAA+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fhi-res-music-initiative-expands-to-include-music-streaming-services%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/high-resolution-audio-initiative-gets-major-boost-with-new-hi-res-music-logo-and-branding-materials-for-digital-retailers/">"High Resolution Audio Initiative Gets Major Boost with New "Hi-Res MUSIC" Logo and Branding Materials for Digital Retailers"</a>. <i>RIAA</i>. 23 June 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190504122117/https://www.riaa.com/high-resolution-audio-initiative-gets-major-boost-with-new-hi-res-music-logo-and-branding-materials-for-digital-retailers/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RIAA&rft.atitle=High+Resolution+Audio+Initiative+Gets+Major+Boost+with+New+%22Hi-Res+MUSIC%22+Logo+and+Branding+Materials+for+Digital+Retailers&rft.date=2015-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fhigh-resolution-audio-initiative-gets-major-boost-with-new-hi-res-music-logo-and-branding-materials-for-digital-retailers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMay_20172017" class="citation news cs1">May 2017, Joe Cox 16 (16 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-confirms-sony-music-and-merlin-hi-res-audio-partners">"Home"</a>. <i>whathifi</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210917224608/https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-confirms-sony-music-and-merlin-hi-res-audio-partners">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=whathifi&rft.atitle=Home&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft.aulast=May+2017&rft.aufirst=Joe+Cox+16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whathifi.com%2Fnews%2Fmqa-confirms-sony-music-and-merlin-hi-res-audio-partners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/alibaba-owned-xiami-music-partners-with-hd-audio-firm-mqa/">"Alibaba-owned Xiami Music partners with HD audio firm MQA"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Music_Business_Worldwide" title="Music Business Worldwide">Music Business Worldwide</a></i>. 16 July 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210917230110/https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/alibaba-owned-xiami-music-partners-with-hd-audio-firm-mqa/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+Business+Worldwide&rft.atitle=Alibaba-owned+Xiami+Music+partners+with+HD+audio+firm+MQA&rft.date=2019-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Falibaba-owned-xiami-music-partners-with-hd-audio-firm-mqa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-promises-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-promises_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts2018" class="citation web cs1">Roberts, Becky (Mar 19, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-live-promises-original-quality-real-time-concert-streams">"MQA Live promises "original quality" real-time concert streams"</a>. <i>What Hi Fi?</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181219043950/https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-live-promises-original-quality-real-time-concert-streams">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=What+Hi+Fi%3F&rft.atitle=MQA+Live+promises+%22original+quality%22+real-time+concert+streams&rft.date=2018-03-19&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Becky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whathifi.com%2Fnews%2Fmqa-live-promises-original-quality-real-time-concert-streams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2021" class="citation news cs1">Stone, Mary (31 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-bluos-and-radio-paradise-bring-hi-res-audio-to-internet-radio">"MQA, BluOS and Radio Paradise bring hi-res audio to internet radio"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/What_Hi-Fi%3F" title="What Hi-Fi?">What Hi-Fi?</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210917225019/https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-bluos-and-radio-paradise-bring-hi-res-audio-to-internet-radio">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=What+Hi-Fi%3F&rft.atitle=MQA%2C+BluOS+and+Radio+Paradise+bring+hi-res+audio+to+internet+radio&rft.date=2021-03-31&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whathifi.com%2Fnews%2Fmqa-bluos-and-radio-paradise-bring-hi-res-audio-to-internet-radio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.realhd-audio.com/?p=7274">"Apple Lossless Audio is Death Knell for MQA – Real HD-Audio"</a>. <i>www.realhd-audio.com</i>. 18 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220111091706/https://www.realhd-audio.com/?p=7274">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.realhd-audio.com&rft.atitle=Apple+Lossless+Audio+is+Death+Knell+for+MQA+%E2%80%93+Real+HD-Audio&rft.date=2021-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.realhd-audio.com%2F%3Fp%3D7274&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.masterchannel.ai/press-release-partner-announcement-mqa/">"Masterchannel Blog - Partnership Announcement – Masterchannel Adds MQA Encoding to Mastering Tool"</a>. <i>Masterchannel Blog</i>. 2022-09-12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221128140419/https://blog.masterchannel.ai/press-release-partner-announcement-mqa/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-11-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Masterchannel+Blog&rft.atitle=Masterchannel+Blog+-+Partnership+Announcement+%E2%80%93+Masterchannel+Adds+MQA+Encoding+to+Mastering+Tool&rft.date=2022-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.masterchannel.ai%2Fpress-release-partner-announcement-mqa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitchell2022" class="citation web cs1">Mitchell, Brian (2022-09-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecoustics.com/news/alpine-tidal/">"TIDAL Music Streaming Comes to Alpine Car Audio"</a>. <i>ecoustics.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221128140420/https://www.ecoustics.com/news/alpine-tidal/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-11-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ecoustics.com&rft.atitle=TIDAL+Music+Streaming+Comes+to+Alpine+Car+Audio&rft.date=2022-09-13&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecoustics.com%2Fnews%2Falpine-tidal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mqa.co.uk/newsroom/news/MQair">"Introducing a new technology from MQA"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724134955/https://www.mqa.co.uk/newsroom/news/scl6">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Introducing+a+new+technology+from+MQA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mqa.co.uk%2Fnewsroom%2Fnews%2FMQair&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jas-audio.or.jp/news/post17967">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Hi-Res AUDIO WIRELESS" Two new codecs added to "Hi-Res AUDIO WIRELESS" logo's certified codecs"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724134956/https://www.jas-audio.or.jp/news/post17967">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Hi-Res+AUDIO+WIRELESS%22+Two+new+codecs+added+to+%22Hi-Res+AUDIO+WIRELESS%22+logo%27s+certified+codecs.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jas-audio.or.jp%2Fnews%2Fpost17967&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/marksparrow/2022/11/09/mqa-says-its-cracked-the-streaming-of-hi-res-audio-over-bluetooth/?sh=61133220114e">"MQA Says It's Cracked The Streaming Of Hi-Res Audio Over Bluetooth"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724135011/https://gum.criteo.com/syncframe?origin=publishertag&topUrl=www.forbes.com">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=MQA+Says+It%27s+Cracked+The+Streaming+Of+Hi-Res+Audio+Over+Bluetooth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fmarksparrow%2F2022%2F11%2F09%2Fmqa-says-its-cracked-the-streaming-of-hi-res-audio-over-bluetooth%2F%3Fsh%3D61133220114e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecoustics.com/news/mqair-introduced/">"MQA Introduces MQair for Wireless Hi-Res Audio Music Streaming"</a>. 9 November 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724135002/https://www.ecoustics.com/news/mqair-introduced/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MQA+Introduces+MQair+for+Wireless+Hi-Res+Audio+Music+Streaming&rft.date=2022-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecoustics.com%2Fnews%2Fmqair-introduced%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-is-going-into-administration">"MQA is going into administration"</a>. April 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230407150620/https://www.whathifi.com/news/mqa-is-going-into-administration">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-04-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MQA+is+going+into+administration&rft.date=2023-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whathifi.com%2Fnews%2Fmqa-is-going-into-administration&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/notice/4324214">"MQA LIMITED - Appointment of Administrators"</a>. April 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724135004/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/notice/4324214">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-07-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MQA+LIMITED+-+Appointment+of+Administrators&rft.date=2023-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2Fnotice%2F4324214&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2023" class="citation web cs1">Walker, Kevin (2023-09-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lenbrook.com/lenbrook-extends-leadership-in-hi-res-audio-with-mqa-acquisition/">"Lenbrook Extends Leadership in Hi-Res Audio with MQA Acquisition"</a>. <i>The Lenbrook Group of Companies</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Lenbrook+Group+of+Companies&rft.atitle=Lenbrook+Extends+Leadership+in+Hi-Res+Audio+with+MQA+Acquisition&rft.date=2023-09-19&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flenbrook.com%2Flenbrook-extends-leadership-in-hi-res-audio-with-mqa-acquisition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lenbrookmediagroup.com/lenbrook-media-group-partners-with-hdtracks-to-create-streaming-service-for-music-enthusiasts-and-audiophiles/">"LENBROOK MEDIA GROUP PARTNERS WITH HDTRACKS TO CREATE STREAMING SERVICE FOR MUSIC ENTHUSIASTS AND AUDIOPHILES"</a>. <i>The Lenbrook Group of Companies</i> (Press release). 2024-06-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LENBROOK+MEDIA+GROUP+PARTNERS+WITH+HDTRACKS+TO+CREATE+STREAMING+SERVICE+FOR+MUSIC+ENTHUSIASTS+AND+AUDIOPHILES&rft.date=2024-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flenbrookmediagroup.com%2Flenbrook-media-group-partners-with-hdtracks-to-create-streaming-service-for-music-enthusiasts-and-audiophiles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240815173808/https://support.tidal.com/hc/en-us/articles/25876825185425-Audio-Format-Updates">"Audio Format Updates – TIDAL Support"</a>. 2024-08-15. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.tidal.com/hc/en-us/articles/25876825185425-Audio-Format-Updates">the original</a> on 2024-08-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Audio+Format+Updates+%E2%80%93+TIDAL+Support&rft.date=2024-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.tidal.com%2Fhc%2Fen-us%2Farticles%2F25876825185425-Audio-Format-Updates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarko2016" class="citation web cs1">Darko, John (June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://darko.audio/2016/06/an-inconvenient-truth-mqa-sounds-better/">"An inconvenient truth: MQA sounds better!"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200811003404/https://darko.audio/2016/06/an-inconvenient-truth-mqa-sounds-better/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2020</span>. <q>the MQA encoding process is lossy – it is no longer the studio master as archived by the record label</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+inconvenient+truth%3A+MQA+sounds+better%21&rft.date=2016-06&rft.aulast=Darko&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdarko.audio%2F2016%2F06%2Fan-inconvenient-truth-mqa-sounds-better%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-benchmark-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-benchmark_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://benchmarkmedia.com/blogs/application_notes/163302855-is-mqa-doa">"Is MQA DOA?"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170630150850/https://benchmarkmedia.com/blogs/application_notes/163302855-is-mqa-doa">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2017</span>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'MQA is not lossless.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Is+MQA+DOA%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbenchmarkmedia.com%2Fblogs%2Fapplication_notes%2F163302855-is-mqa-doa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Tutorial:_Music_Origami-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MQA:_Questions_and_Answers_Tutorial:_Music_Origami_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stereophile.com/content/mqa-questions-and-answers-tutorial-music-origami">"MQA: Questions and Answers Tutorial: Music Origami"</a>. <i>Stereophile.com</i>. Stereophile. 11 August 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160814182806/http://www.stereophile.com/content/mqa-questions-and-answers-tutorial-music-origami">Archived</a> from the original on 14 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stereophile.com&rft.atitle=MQA%3A+Questions+and+Answers+Tutorial%3A+Music+Origami&rft.date=2016-08-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stereophile.com%2Fcontent%2Fmqa-questions-and-answers-tutorial-music-origami&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.audiomisc.co.uk/MQA/origami/ThereAndBack.html">"MQA 192k / 96k There and back again"</a>. <i>www.audiomisc.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210515071657/http://www.audiomisc.co.uk/MQA/origami/ThereAndBack.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.audiomisc.co.uk&rft.atitle=MQA+192k+%2F+96k+There+and+back+again&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.audiomisc.co.uk%2FMQA%2Forigami%2FThereAndBack.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarrison2017" class="citation web cs1">Harrison, Andrew (2 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2017/05/mqa-explained-everything-you-need-to-know-about-high-res-audio/4/">"MQA explained: Everything you need to know about high-res audio"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210526175436/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2017/05/mqa-explained-everything-you-need-to-know-about-high-res-audio/4/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MQA+explained%3A+Everything+you+need+to+know+about+high-res+audio&rft.date=2017-05-02&rft.aulast=Harrison&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fgadgets%2F2017%2F05%2Fmqa-explained-everything-you-need-to-know-about-high-res-audio%2F4%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ccc-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ccc_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristoph_EngemannAnton_Schlesinger2017" class="citation web cs1">Christoph Engemann; Anton Schlesinger (2017-12-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://media.ccc.de/v/34c3-9113-mqa_-_a_clever_stealth_drm-trojan">"MQA - A clever stealth DRM-Trojan"</a>. <i>34C3</i> (video). <a href="/wiki/Chaos_Computer_Club" title="Chaos Computer Club">media.ccc.de</a>. YouTube tGJ5eW-gBxA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180101082433/https://media.ccc.de/v/34c3-9113-mqa_-_a_clever_stealth_drm-trojan">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=34C3&rft.atitle=MQA+-+A+clever+stealth+DRM-Trojan&rft.date=2017-12-30&rft.au=Christoph+Engemann&rft.au=Anton+Schlesinger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedia.ccc.de%2Fv%2F34c3-9113-mqa_-_a_clever_stealth_drm-trojan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sos-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sos_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sos_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobjohns2016" class="citation web cs1">Robjohns, Hugh (August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/mqa-time-domain-accuracy-digital-audio-quality">"MQA Time-domain Accuracy & Digital Audio Quality"</a>. <i>soundonsound.com</i>. Sound On Sound. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230310175409/https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/mqa-time-domain-accuracy-digital-audio-quality">Archived</a> from the original on 10 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=soundonsound.com&rft.atitle=MQA+Time-domain+Accuracy+%26+Digital+Audio+Quality&rft.date=2016-08&rft.aulast=Robjohns&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.soundonsound.com%2Ftechniques%2Fmqa-time-domain-accuracy-digital-audio-quality&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMajidimehr2021" class="citation web cs1">Majidimehr, Amir (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210605231841/https://www.audiosciencereview.com/forum/index.php?threads/mqa-deep-dive-i-published-music-on-tidal-to-test-mqa.22549/page-123#post-798226">"MQA Deep Dive - I published music on tidal to test MQA"</a>. <i>Audio Science Review</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.audiosciencereview.com/forum/index.php?threads/mqa-deep-dive-i-published-music-on-tidal-to-test-mqa.22549/page-123#post-798226">the original</a> on 5 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Audio+Science+Review&rft.atitle=MQA+Deep+Dive+-+I+published+music+on+tidal+to+test+MQA&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Majidimehr&rft.aufirst=Amir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.audiosciencereview.com%2Fforum%2Findex.php%3Fthreads%2Fmqa-deep-dive-i-published-music-on-tidal-to-test-mqa.22549%2Fpage-123%23post-798226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on a self-published source. (July 2023)">self-published source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarko2016" class="citation web cs1">Darko, John (June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://darko.audio/2016/06/an-inconvenient-truth-mqa-sounds-better/">"An inconvenient truth: MQA sounds better!"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200811003404/https://darko.audio/2016/06/an-inconvenient-truth-mqa-sounds-better/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+inconvenient+truth%3A+MQA+sounds+better%21&rft.date=2016-06&rft.aulast=Darko&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdarko.audio%2F2016%2F06%2Fan-inconvenient-truth-mqa-sounds-better%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bobtalks.co.uk/blog/mqa-philosophy/mqa-authentication-and-quality/">"MQA Authentication"</a>. <i>bobtalks.co.uk</i>. 28 January 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230220190921/https://bobtalks.co.uk/blog/mqa-philosophy/mqa-authentication-and-quality/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-02-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bobtalks.co.uk&rft.atitle=MQA+Authentication&rft.date=2017-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbobtalks.co.uk%2Fblog%2Fmqa-philosophy%2Fmqa-authentication-and-quality%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilson-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilson_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2021" class="citation web cs1">Wilson, Trav (10 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.headphonesty.com/2021/05/tidal-mqa-golden-sound-debate/">"The Roiling MQA Debate: A Sound Quality Test on TIDAL That Leaves More Questions than Answers - Headphonesty"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210512164841/https://www.headphonesty.com/2021/05/tidal-mqa-golden-sound-debate/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-05-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Roiling+MQA+Debate%3A+A+Sound+Quality+Test+on+TIDAL+That+Leaves+More+Questions+than+Answers+-+Headphonesty&rft.date=2021-05-10&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Trav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.headphonesty.com%2F2021%2F05%2Ftidal-mqa-golden-sound-debate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-harley_tas_may2016-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-harley_tas_may2016_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarley" class="citation web cs1">Harley, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theabsolutesound.com/articles/master-quality-authenticated-mqa-the-view-from-30000-feet/">"Master Quality Authenticated (MQA): The View From 30,000 Feet"</a>. <i>The Absolute Sound</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160427124520/http://www.theabsolutesound.com/articles/master-quality-authenticated-mqa-the-view-from-30000-feet/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Absolute+Sound&rft.atitle=Master+Quality+Authenticated+%28MQA%29%3A+The+View+From+30%2C000+Feet&rft.aulast=Harley&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theabsolutesound.com%2Farticles%2Fmaster-quality-authenticated-mqa-the-view-from-30000-feet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-atkinson_stereophile_dec2014-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-atkinson_stereophile_dec2014_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtkinson2014" class="citation web cs1">Atkinson, John (21 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stereophile.com/content/ive-heard-future-streaming-meridians-mqa#EMBiCMyqVh6oQPBg.97">"I've Heard the Future of Streaming: Meridian's MQA"</a>. <i>Stereophile</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160529193400/http://www.stereophile.com/content/ive-heard-future-streaming-meridians-mqa#EMBiCMyqVh6oQPBg.97">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stereophile&rft.atitle=I%27ve+Heard+the+Future+of+Streaming%3A+Meridian%27s+MQA&rft.date=2014-12-21&rft.aulast=Atkinson&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stereophile.com%2Fcontent%2Five-heard-future-streaming-meridians-mqa%23EMBiCMyqVh6oQPBg.97&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morten_Lindberg_speaks_about_MQA-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Morten_Lindberg_speaks_about_MQA_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monoandstereo.com/2016/01/morten-lindberg-speaks-about-mqa.html">"Morten Lindberg speaks about MQA"</a>. <i>monoandstereo.com</i>. January 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121150547/https://www.monoandstereo.com/2016/01/morten-lindberg-speaks-about-mqa.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-01-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-01-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=monoandstereo.com&rft.atitle=Morten+Lindberg+speaks+about+MQA&rft.date=2016-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.monoandstereo.com%2F2016%2F01%2Fmorten-lindberg-speaks-about-mqa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Warner_Music_Group_becomes_the_first_big_label_to_adopt_MQA-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Warner_Music_Group_becomes_the_first_big_label_to_adopt_MQA_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whathifi.com/news/warner-music-group-becomes-first-big-label-to-adopt-mqa">"Warner Music Group becomes the first big label to adopt MQA"</a>. <i>whathifi.com</i>. What Hi-Fi?. 6 May 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160507120853/http://www.whathifi.com/news/warner-music-group-becomes-first-big-label-to-adopt-mqa">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=whathifi.com&rft.atitle=Warner+Music+Group+becomes+the+first+big+label+to+adopt+MQA&rft.date=2016-05-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whathifi.com%2Fnews%2Fwarner-music-group-becomes-first-big-label-to-adopt-mqa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Universal_second_major_to_sign_licensing_deal_with_HD_music_firm_MQA-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Universal_second_major_to_sign_licensing_deal_with_HD_music_firm_MQA_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/universal-second-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa/">"Universal second major to sign licensing deal with HD music firm MQA"</a>. <i>musicbusinessworldwide.com</i>. Music Business Worldwide. 16 February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170221142206/http://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/universal-second-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=musicbusinessworldwide.com&rft.atitle=Universal+second+major+to+sign+licensing+deal+with+HD+music+firm+MQA&rft.date=2017-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.musicbusinessworldwide.com%2Funiversal-second-major-sign-deal-hd-music-firm-mqa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iar-80.com/page170.html">"Digital Done Wrong"</a>. <i>International Audio/Video Review</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053559/http://www.iar-80.com/page170.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Audio%2FVideo+Review&rft.atitle=Digital+Done+Wrong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iar-80.com%2Fpage170.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://neilyoungarchives.com/news/1/article?id=Tidal-Misleading-Listeners">"Tidal Misleading Listeners"</a>. <i>Neil Young Archives</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210901045442/https://neilyoungarchives.com/news/1/article?id=Tidal-Misleading-Listeners">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-09-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Neil+Young+Archives&rft.atitle=Tidal+Misleading+Listeners&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fneilyoungarchives.com%2Fnews%2F1%2Farticle%3Fid%3DTidal-Misleading-Listeners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiska2016" class="citation web cs1">Miska (11 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://audiophilestyle.com/blogs/entry/466-some-analysis-and-comparison-of-mqa-encoded-flac-vs-normal-optimized-hires-flac/">"Some analysis and comparison of MQA encoded FLAC vs normal optimized hires FLAC"</a>. <i>Audiophile Style</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190402221642/https://audiophilestyle.com/blogs/entry/466-some-analysis-and-comparison-of-mqa-encoded-flac-vs-normal-optimized-hires-flac/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Audiophile+Style&rft.atitle=Some+analysis+and+comparison+of+MQA+encoded+FLAC+vs+normal+optimized+hires+FLAC&rft.date=2016-01-11&rft.au=Miska&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faudiophilestyle.com%2Fblogs%2Fentry%2F466-some-analysis-and-comparison-of-mqa-encoded-flac-vs-normal-optimized-hires-flac%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-computer_audiophile_QA-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-computer_audiophile_QA_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-computer_audiophile_QA_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStuart2016" class="citation web cs1">Stuart, Bob (8 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://audiophilestyle.com/ca/ca-academy/A-Comprehensive-Q-A-With-MQA-s-Bob-Stuart/">"A Comprehensive Q&A With MQA's Bob Stuart"</a>. <i>Audiophile Style</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190330204757/https://audiophilestyle.com/ca/ca-academy/A-Comprehensive-Q-A-With-MQA-s-Bob-Stuart/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Audiophile+Style&rft.atitle=A+Comprehensive+Q%26A+With+MQA%27s+Bob+Stuart&rft.date=2016-04-08&rft.aulast=Stuart&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faudiophilestyle.com%2Fca%2Fca-academy%2FA-Comprehensive-Q-A-With-MQA-s-Bob-Stuart%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://schiit.com/news/news/why-we-wont-be-supporting-mqa">"Schiit Audio, Headphone amps and DACs made in USA"</a>. <i>schiit.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170322203919/http://schiit.com/news/news/why-we-wont-be-supporting-mqa">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=schiit.com&rft.atitle=Schiit+Audio%2C+Headphone+amps+and+DACs+made+in+USA.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fschiit.com%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fwhy-we-wont-be-supporting-mqa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.linn.co.uk/blog/mqa-is-bad-for-music-heres-why">"MQA is Bad For Music. Here's Why"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210419162218/https://www.linn.co.uk/blog/mqa-is-bad-for-music-heres-why">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-04-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=MQA+is+Bad+For+Music.+Here%27s+Why.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linn.co.uk%2Fblog%2Fmqa-is-bad-for-music-heres-why&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoch2017" class="citation news cs1">Koch, Andreas (2017-03-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://positive-feedback.com/audio-discourse/questions-answers-mqa-interview-andreas-koch/">"My Questions and Answers (MQA): An Interview with Andreas Koch"</a>. <i>Positive Feedback</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170323005340/http://positive-feedback.com/audio-discourse/questions-answers-mqa-interview-andreas-koch/">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Positive+Feedback&rft.atitle=My+Questions+and+Answers+%28MQA%29%3A+An+Interview+with+Andreas+Koch&rft.date=2017-03-16&rft.aulast=Koch&rft.aufirst=Andreas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpositive-feedback.com%2Faudio-discourse%2Fquestions-answers-mqa-interview-andreas-koch%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://code.videolan.org/mansr/mqa">"Mans Rullgard / mqa · GitLab"</a>. <i>GitLab</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724135016/https://code.videolan.org/mansr/mqa">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-07-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GitLab&rft.atitle=Mans+Rullgard+%2F+mqa+%C2%B7+GitLab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcode.videolan.org%2Fmansr%2Fmqa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArchimago2017" class="citation web cs1">Archimago (2017-06-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archimago.blogspot.com/2017/06/measurements-audioquest-dragonfly-black_24.html">"Archimago's Musings: MEASUREMENTS: AudioQuest Dragonfly Black 1.5 - PART 2 (On "MQA Rendering")"</a>. <i>Archimago's Musings</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724135516/http://archimago.blogspot.com/2017/06/measurements-audioquest-dragonfly-black_24.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-07-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archimago%27s+Musings&rft.atitle=Archimago%27s+Musings%3A+MEASUREMENTS%3A+AudioQuest+Dragonfly+Black+1.5+-+PART+2+%28On+%22MQA+Rendering%22%29&rft.date=2017-06-24&rft.au=Archimago&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchimago.blogspot.com%2F2017%2F06%2Fmeasurements-audioquest-dragonfly-black_24.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArchimago2017" class="citation web cs1">Archimago (2017-07-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archimago.blogspot.com/2017/07/measurements-audioquest-dragonfly-black.html">"Archimago's Musings: MEASUREMENTS: The AudioQuest Dragonfly Black MQA filter set..."</a> <i>Archimago's Musings</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724135548/http://archimago.blogspot.com/2017/07/measurements-audioquest-dragonfly-black.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-07-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archimago%27s+Musings&rft.atitle=Archimago%27s+Musings%3A+MEASUREMENTS%3A+The+AudioQuest+Dragonfly+Black+MQA+filter+set...&rft.date=2017-07-22&rft.au=Archimago&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchimago.blogspot.com%2F2017%2F07%2Fmeasurements-audioquest-dragonfly-black.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://audiophilestyle.com/ca/reviews/mqa-a-review-of-controversies-concerns-and-cautions-r701/">"MQA: A Review of controversies, concerns, and cautions"</a>. <i>Audiophile Style</i>. 2 March 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724135548/https://audiophilestyle.com/ca/reviews/mqa-a-review-of-controversies-concerns-and-cautions-r701/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-07-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Audiophile+Style&rft.atitle=MQA%3A+A+Review+of+controversies%2C+concerns%2C+and+cautions&rft.date=2018-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faudiophilestyle.com%2Fca%2Freviews%2Fmqa-a-review-of-controversies-concerns-and-cautions-r701%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRjsu9-Vznc">"I published music on Tidal to test MQA - MQA Review"</a>. <i>YouTube</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210417082840/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRjsu9-Vznc">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-04-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-04-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=I+published+music+on+Tidal+to+test+MQA+-+MQA+Review&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DpRjsu9-Vznc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://goldensound.audio/2021/11/29/tidal-hifi-is-not-lossless/">"Tidal 'HiFi' is NOT lossless"</a>. <i>www.GoldenSound.com</i>. 29 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220110093139/https://goldensound.audio/2021/11/29/tidal-hifi-is-not-lossless/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.GoldenSound.com&rft.atitle=Tidal+%27HiFi%27+is+NOT+lossless&rft.date=2021-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgoldensound.audio%2F2021%2F11%2F29%2Ftidal-hifi-is-not-lossless%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bobtalks.co.uk/a-deeper-look/all-that-glitters-is-not-golden/">"All that glitters is not gold(en)"</a>. <i>Bob Talks</i>. May 19, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724135523/https://bobtalks.co.uk/a-deeper-look/all-that-glitters-is-not-golden/">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bob+Talks&rft.atitle=All+that+glitters+is+not+gold%28en%29&rft.date=2021-05-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbobtalks.co.uk%2Fa-deeper-look%2Fall-that-glitters-is-not-golden%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pastebin.com/2YfT6vfZ">"MQA Response"</a>. <i>Pastebin.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210508023129/https://pastebin.com/2YfT6vfZ">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-05-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pastebin.com&rft.atitle=MQA+Response&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpastebin.com%2F2YfT6vfZ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBy2021" class="citation web cs1">By (2021-04-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hackaday.com/2021/04/21/mythbusting-tidals-mqa-format-how-does-it-measure-up/">"Mythbusting Tidal's MQA Format – How Does It Measure Up?"</a>. <i>Hackaday</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210512164840/https://hackaday.com/2021/04/21/mythbusting-tidals-mqa-format-how-does-it-measure-up/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-05-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hackaday&rft.atitle=Mythbusting+Tidal%27s+MQA+Format+%E2%80%93+How+Does+It+Measure+Up%3F&rft.date=2021-04-21&rft.au=By&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhackaday.com%2F2021%2F04%2F21%2Fmythbusting-tidals-mqa-format-how-does-it-measure-up%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital-audio-systems.com/frequently-asked-questions-faq/?lang=en">"Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. <i>www.DigitalAudioSystems.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220111093327/https://digital-audio-systems.com/frequently-asked-questions-faq/?lang=en">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.DigitalAudioSystems.com&rft.atitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital-audio-systems.com%2Ffrequently-asked-questions-faq%2F%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stereophile.com/content/mqa-again">"MQA again"</a>. <i>Stereophile.com</i>. June 6, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724135546/https://www.stereophile.com/content/mqa-again">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stereophile.com&rft.atitle=MQA+again&rft.date=2021-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stereophile.com%2Fcontent%2Fmqa-again&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MQA_audio:_What_is_it?_How_can_you_get_it?-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MQA_audio:_What_is_it?_How_can_you_get_it?_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCox2017" class="citation web cs1">Cox, Joe (31 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whathifi.com/advice/mqa-audio-what-it-how-can-you-get-it">"MQA audio: What is it? How can you get it?"</a>. <i>What Hifi</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170212091438/http://www.whathifi.com/advice/mqa-audio-what-it-how-can-you-get-it">Archived</a> from the original on 12 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=What+Hifi&rft.atitle=MQA+audio%3A+What+is+it%3F+How+can+you+get+it%3F&rft.date=2017-01-31&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whathifi.com%2Fadvice%2Fmqa-audio-what-it-how-can-you-get-it&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tidal_adds_hi-res_audio_streams_with_'Tidal_Masters'-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tidal_adds_hi-res_audio_streams_with_'Tidal_Masters'_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2017" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Adam (5 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whathifi.com/news/tidal-adds-hi-res-audio-streams-tidal-masters">"Tidal adds hi-res audio streams with 'Tidal Masters'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>What Hifi</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170212091347/http://www.whathifi.com/news/tidal-adds-hi-res-audio-streams-tidal-masters">Archived</a> from the original on 12 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=What+Hifi&rft.atitle=Tidal+adds+hi-res+audio+streams+with+%27Tidal+Masters%27&rft.date=2017-01-05&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whathifi.com%2Fnews%2Ftidal-adds-hi-res-audio-streams-tidal-masters&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSparrow2017" class="citation news cs1">Sparrow, Mark (January 5, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/marksparrow/2017/01/05/tidal-announces-support-for-hi-res-mqa-technology-with-immediate-effect/?sh=51a2064218cd">"Tidal Announces Support For Hi-Res MQA Technology With Immediate Effect"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211118170010/https://www.forbes.com/sites/marksparrow/2017/01/05/tidal-announces-support-for-hi-res-mqa-technology-with-immediate-effect/?sh=51a2064218cd">Archived</a> from the original on November 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Tidal+Announces+Support+For+Hi-Res+MQA+Technology+With+Immediate+Effect&rft.date=2017-01-05&rft.aulast=Sparrow&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fmarksparrow%2F2017%2F01%2F05%2Ftidal-announces-support-for-hi-res-mqa-technology-with-immediate-effect%2F%3Fsh%3D51a2064218cd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrauss2017" class="citation news cs1">Strauss, Matthew (5 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pitchfork.com/news/70703-tidal-becomes-first-service-to-offer-master-quality-streaming/">"Tidal Becomes First Service to Offer "Master-Quality" Streaming"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_(website)" title="Pitchfork (website)">Pitchfork</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211118170010/https://pitchfork.com/news/70703-tidal-becomes-first-service-to-offer-master-quality-streaming/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pitchfork&rft.atitle=Tidal+Becomes+First+Service+to+Offer+%22Master-Quality%22+Streaming&rft.date=2017-01-05&rft.aulast=Strauss&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpitchfork.com%2Fnews%2F70703-tidal-becomes-first-service-to-offer-master-quality-streaming%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://help.roonlabs.com/portal/en/kb/articles/roon-x-mqa#How_does_Roon_handle_MQA_content">"POPUP"</a>. <i>Help.roonlabs.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210603020051/https://help.roonlabs.com/portal/en/kb/articles/roon-x-mqa#How_does_Roon_handle_MQA_content">Archived</a> from the original on 3 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Help.roonlabs.com&rft.atitle=POPUP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelp.roonlabs.com%2Fportal%2Fen%2Fkb%2Farticles%2Froon-x-mqa%23How_does_Roon_handle_MQA_content&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDulai2021" class="citation web cs1">Dulai, Danny (28 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.roonlabs.com/t/why-do-manufacturers-support-mqa/155965/294">"COO"</a>. <i>Roonlabs.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210602214350/https://community.roonlabs.com/t/why-do-manufacturers-support-mqa/155965/294">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roonlabs.com&rft.atitle=COO&rft.date=2021-04-28&rft.aulast=Dulai&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommunity.roonlabs.com%2Ft%2Fwhy-do-manufacturers-support-mqa%2F155965%2F294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.soundandvision.com/content/mqa-comes-cd">"MQA Comes to CD"</a>. <i>Soundandvision.com</i>. 6 July 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210829084818/https://www.soundandvision.com/content/mqa-comes-cd">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Soundandvision.com&rft.atitle=MQA+Comes+to+CD&rft.date=2017-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.soundandvision.com%2Fcontent%2Fmqa-comes-cd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stereophile.com/content/mqa-encoded-cds-yes">"MQA-Encoded CDs? Yes!"</a>. <i>Stereophile.com</i>. 16 March 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210829084818/https://www.stereophile.com/content/mqa-encoded-cds-yes">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stereophile.com&rft.atitle=MQA-Encoded+CDs%3F+Yes%21&rft.date=2017-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stereophile.com%2Fcontent%2Fmqa-encoded-cds-yes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://online.stereosound.co.jp/_ct/17192545">"CDでハイレゾを楽しめる!? MQA-CDってどんなもの？【橋爪徹のMQA-CD徹底解説1】 - Stereo Sound ONLINE"</a>. <i>Online.stereosound.co.jp</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210829085203/https://online.stereosound.co.jp/_ct/17192545">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online.stereosound.co.jp&rft.atitle=CD%E3%81%A7%E3%83%8F%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AC%E3%82%BE%E3%82%92%E6%A5%BD%E3%81%97%E3%82%81%E3%82%8B%21%3F+MQA-CD%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%E3%81%A9%E3%82%93%E3%81%AA%E3%82%82%E3%81%AE%EF%BC%9F%E3%80%90%E6%A9%8B%E7%88%AA%E5%BE%B9%E3%81%AEMQA-CD%E5%BE%B9%E5%BA%95%E8%A7%A3%E8%AA%AC1%E3%80%91+-+Stereo+Sound+ONLINE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonline.stereosound.co.jp%2F_ct%2F17192545&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archived at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/m31r1GHPPdA">Ghostarchive</a> and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181204093637/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m31r1GHPPdA&gl=US&hl=en">Wayback Machine</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m31r1GHPPdA">"MQA-CD: New Hi-Res CDs from Japan (2018)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=MQA-CD%3A+New+Hi-Res+CDs+from+Japan+%282018%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dm31r1GHPPdA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaster+Quality+Authenticated" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Multimedia_compression_and_container_formats" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_formats" title="Template:Compression formats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Compression_formats" title="Template talk:Compression formats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Compression_formats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Compression formats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Multimedia_compression_and_container_formats" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia">Multimedia</a> <a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">compression</a> and <a href="/wiki/Container_format_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Container format (computing)">container</a> formats</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Video_coding_format" title="Video coding format">Video<br />compression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DV_(video_format)" title="DV (video format)">DV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG" title="Motion JPEG">MJPEG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG_2000" title="Motion JPEG 2000">Motion JPEG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1" title="MPEG-1">MPEG-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">MPEG-2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2" title="H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2">Part 2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4" title="MPEG-4">MPEG-4</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_2" title="MPEG-4 Part 2">Part 2 / ASP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.264/MPEG-4_AVC" class="mw-redirect" title="H.264/MPEG-4 AVC">Part 10 / AVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_IVC" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-4 IVC">Part 33 / IVC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H" title="MPEG-H">MPEG-H</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">Part 2 / HEVC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MPEG-I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPEG-I (page does not exist)">MPEG-I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Video_Coding" title="Versatile Video Coding">Part 3 / VVC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-5" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-5">MPEG-5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essential_Video_Coding" title="Essential Video Coding">Part 1 / EVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCEVC" title="LCEVC">Part 2 / LCEVC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a>, <a href="/wiki/Video_Coding_Experts_Group" title="Video Coding Experts Group">VCEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H.120" title="H.120">H.120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.261" title="H.261">H.261</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.262/MPEG-2_Part_2" title="H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2">H.262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.263" title="H.263">H.263</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Video_Coding" title="Advanced Video Coding">H.264 / AVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">H.265 / HEVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versatile_Video_Coding" title="Versatile Video Coding">H.266 / VVC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">SMPTE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VC-1" title="VC-1">VC-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirac_(video_compression_format)" title="Dirac (video compression format)">VC-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avid_DNxHD" title="Avid DNxHD">VC-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CineForm" title="CineForm">VC-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VC-6" title="VC-6">VC-6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies" title="On2 Technologies">TrueMotion</a> and AOMedia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/On2_Technologies#TrueMotion_S" title="On2 Technologies">TrueMotion S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP3" title="VP3">VP3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP6" title="VP6">VP6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP7" class="mw-redirect" title="VP7">VP7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP8" title="VP8">VP8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VP9" title="VP9">VP9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Chinese Standard</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#First_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS1 P2/AVS+</a>(GB/T 20090.2/16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#Second_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS2 P2</a>(GB/T 33475.2,GY/T 299.1) <ul><li>HDR Vivid(GY/T 358)</li></ul></li> <li>AVS3 P2(GY/T 368)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Video" title="Apple Video">Apple Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bink_Video" title="Bink Video">Bink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinepak" title="Cinepak">Cinepak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daala" title="Daala">Daala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Video_Interactive" title="Digital Video Interactive">DVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FFV1" title="FFV1">FFV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huffyuv" title="Huffyuv">Huffyuv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indeo" title="Indeo">Indeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lagarith" title="Lagarith">Lagarith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Video_1" title="Microsoft Video 1">Microsoft Video 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSU_Lossless_Video_Codec" title="MSU Lossless Video Codec">MSU Lossless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMS_Video" title="OMS Video">OMS Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixlet" title="Pixlet">Pixlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_ProRes" title="Apple ProRes">ProRes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ProRes_422" class="mw-redirect" title="ProRes 422">422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProRes_4444" class="mw-redirect" title="ProRes 4444">4444</a></li></ul></li> <li>QuickTime <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_Animation" title="QuickTime Animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_Graphics" title="QuickTime Graphics">Graphics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealVideo" title="RealVideo">RealVideo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTVideo" title="RTVideo">RTVideo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SheerVideo" title="SheerVideo">SheerVideo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smacker_video" title="Smacker video">Smacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorenson_Media" title="Sorenson Media">Sorenson Video/Spark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theora" title="Theora">Theora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_(video_codec)" title="Thor (video codec)">Thor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ut_Video_Codec_Suite" title="Ut Video Codec Suite">Ut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Video" title="Windows Media Video">WMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RatDVD" title="RatDVD">XEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YULS" title="YULS">YULS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">Audio<br />compression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>,<br /> <a href="/wiki/Moving_Picture_Experts_Group" title="Moving Picture Experts Group">MPEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_II" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer II">MPEG-1 Layer II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_Multichannel" title="MPEG Multichannel">Multichannel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1_Audio_Layer_I" title="MPEG-1 Audio Layer I">MPEG-1 Layer I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MP3" title="MP3">MPEG-1 Layer III (MP3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="Advanced Audio Coding">AAC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High-Efficiency_Advanced_Audio_Coding" title="High-Efficiency Advanced Audio Coding">HE-AAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AAC-LD" title="AAC-LD">AAC-LD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_Surround" title="MPEG Surround">MPEG Surround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Lossless_Coding" title="Audio Lossless Coding">MPEG-4 ALS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_SLS" title="MPEG-4 SLS">MPEG-4 SLS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Audio_CD#DST" title="Super Audio CD">MPEG-4 DST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_Vector_Excitation_Coding" title="Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding">MPEG-4 HVXC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Code-excited linear prediction">MPEG-4 CELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Speech_and_Audio_Coding" title="Unified Speech and Audio Coding">MPEG-D USAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H_3D_Audio" title="MPEG-H 3D Audio">MPEG-H 3D Audio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G.711" title="G.711">G.711</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-law_algorithm" title="A-law algorithm">A-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C-law_algorithm" title="Μ-law algorithm">µ-law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.718" title="G.718">G.718</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.719" title="G.719">G.719</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.722" title="G.722">G.722</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.722.1" title="G.722.1">G.722.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_Wideband" title="Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband">G.722.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.723" title="G.723">G.723</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.723.1" title="G.723.1">G.723.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.726" title="G.726">G.726</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.728" title="G.728">G.728</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.729" title="G.729">G.729</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.729.1" title="G.729.1">G.729.1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opus_(audio_format)" title="Opus (audio format)">Opus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Low_Bitrate_Codec" title="Internet Low Bitrate Codec">iLBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speex" title="Speex">Speex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vorbis" title="Vorbis">Vorbis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FLAC" title="FLAC">FLAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/3GPP" title="3GPP">3GPP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_audio_codec" title="Adaptive Multi-Rate audio codec">AMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_Wideband" title="Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband">AMR-WB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Adaptive_Multi-Rate_%E2%80%93_Wideband" title="Extended Adaptive Multi-Rate – Wideband">AMR-WB+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Variable_Rate_Codec" title="Enhanced Variable Rate Codec">EVRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Variable_Rate_Codec_B" title="Enhanced Variable Rate Codec B">EVRC-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Voice_Services" title="Enhanced Voice Services">EVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_Rate" title="Half Rate">GSM-HR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_Rate" title="Full Rate">GSM-FR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_full_rate" title="Enhanced full rate">GSM-EFR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ETSI" class="mw-redirect" title="ETSI">ETSI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dolby_Digital" title="Dolby Digital">AC-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolby_AC-4" title="Dolby AC-4">AC-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DTS_(sound_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="DTS (sound system)">DTS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Bluetooth_Special_Interest_Group" title="Bluetooth Special Interest Group">Bluetooth SIG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SBC_(codec)" title="SBC (codec)">SBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LC3_(codec)" title="LC3 (codec)">LC3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Chinese Standard</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#First_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS1 P10</a>(GB/T 20090.10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Standard#Second_generation" title="Audio Video Standard">AVS2 P3</a>(GB/T 33475.3) <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Audio_Vivid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audio Vivid (page does not exist)">Audio Vivid</a>(GY/T 363)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Resolution_Adaptation" title="Dynamic Resolution Adaptation">DRA</a>(GB/T 22726)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L2HC" title="L2HC">L2HC</a></li> <li>ExAC(SJ/T 11299.4)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algebraic_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Algebraic code-excited linear prediction">ACELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Lossless_Audio_Codec" title="Apple Lossless Audio Codec">ALAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asao_(codec)" title="Asao (codec)">Asao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Transform_Acoustic_Coding" class="mw-redirect" title="Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding">ATRAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CELT" title="CELT">CELT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codec_2" title="Codec 2">Codec 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speech_Audio_Codec" title="Internet Speech Audio Codec">iSAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyra_(codec)" title="Lyra (codec)">Lyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed-excitation_linear_prediction" title="Mixed-excitation linear prediction">MELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey%27s_Audio" title="Monkey's Audio">Monkey's Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT9" title="MT9">MT9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musepack" title="Musepack">Musepack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OptimFROG" title="OptimFROG">OptimFROG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_Sound_Quality" title="Original Sound Quality">OSQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qualcomm_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Qualcomm code-excited linear prediction">QCELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relaxed_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Relaxed code-excited linear prediction">RCELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealAudio" title="RealAudio">RealAudio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTAudio" title="RTAudio">RTAudio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avid_Audio#Sound_Designer_file_formats" title="Avid Audio">SD2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorten_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorten file format">SHN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SILK" title="SILK">SILK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(codec)" title="Siren (codec)">Siren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selectable_Mode_Vocoder" title="Selectable Mode Vocoder">SMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SVOPC" title="SVOPC">SVOPC</a></li> <li>TTA <ul><li>True Audio</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TwinVQ" title="TwinVQ">TwinVQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable-Rate_Multimode_Wideband" title="Variable-Rate Multimode Wideband">VMR-WB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vector_sum_excited_linear_prediction" title="Vector sum excited linear prediction">VSELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WavPack" title="WavPack">WavPack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio" title="Windows Media Audio">WMA</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">MQA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX" title="AptX">aptX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_HD" title="AptX">aptX HD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_Low_Latency" title="AptX">aptX Low Latency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AptX#aptX_Adaptive" title="AptX">aptX Adaptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LDAC_(codec)" title="LDAC (codec)">LDAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHDC_(codec)" title="LHDC (codec)">LHDC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LHDC_(codec)#LLAC" title="LHDC (codec)">LLAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Image_compression" title="Image compression">Image<br />compression</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium" title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_Photographic_Experts_Group" title="Joint Photographic Experts Group">JPEG</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_4_compression" title="Group 4 compression">CCITT Group 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GIF" title="GIF">GIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format#HEIC:_HEVC_in_HEIF" title="High Efficiency Image File Format">HEIC / HEIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding#Main_Still_Picture" title="High Efficiency Video Coding">HEVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBIG" title="JBIG">JBIG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBIG2" title="JBIG2">JBIG2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG" title="JPEG">JPEG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_2000" title="JPEG 2000">JPEG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG-LS" class="mw-redirect" title="JPEG-LS">JPEG-LS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XL" title="JPEG XL">JPEG XL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XR" title="JPEG XR">JPEG XR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XS" title="JPEG XS">JPEG XS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XT" title="JPEG XT">JPEG XT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Network Graphics">PNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFF" title="TIFF">TIFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFF/EP" title="TIFF/EP">TIFF/EP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TIFF/IT" class="mw-redirect" title="TIFF/IT">TIFF/IT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/APNG" title="APNG">APNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AV1" title="AV1">AV1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVIF" title="AVIF">AVIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Portable_Graphics" title="Better Portable Graphics">BPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DjVu" title="DjVu">DjVu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenEXR" title="OpenEXR">EXR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Lossless_Image_Format" title="Free Lossless Image Format">FLIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICER_(file_format)" title="ICER (file format)">ICER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple-image_Network_Graphics" title="Multiple-image Network Graphics">MNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Graphics_File" title="Progressive Graphics File">PGF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QOI_(image_format)" title="QOI (image format)">QOI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_VR" title="QuickTime VR">QTVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_Application_Protocol_Bitmap_Format" title="Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format">WBMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebP" title="WebP">WebP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_container_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital container format">Containers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_elementary_stream" title="MPEG elementary stream">MPEG-ES</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Packetized_elementary_stream" title="Packetized elementary stream">MPEG-PES</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_program_stream" title="MPEG program stream">MPEG-PS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream" title="MPEG transport stream">MPEG-TS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_base_media_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO/IEC base media file format">ISO/IEC base media file format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_14" class="mw-redirect" title="MPEG-4 Part 14">MPEG-4 Part 14</a> (MP4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG_2000" title="Motion JPEG 2000">Motion JPEG 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-21" title="MPEG-21">MPEG-21 Part 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_media_transport" title="MPEG media transport">MPEG media transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2#Systems" title="MPEG-2">H.222.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_JPEG_2000" title="Motion JPEG 2000">T.802</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Real-time_Transport_Protocol" title="Real-time Transport Protocol">RTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogg" title="Ogg">Ogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em"><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Motion_Picture_and_Television_Engineers" title="Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers">SMPTE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Exchange_Format" title="General Exchange Format">GXF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_Exchange_Format" title="Material Exchange Format">MXF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3GP_and_3G2" title="3GP and 3G2">3GP and 3G2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMV_video_format" title="AMV video format">AMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Systems_Format" title="Advanced Systems Format">ASF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Interchange_File_Format" title="Audio Interchange File Format">AIFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Interleave" title="Audio Video Interleave">AVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au_file_format" title="Au file format">AU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_Portable_Graphics" title="Better Portable Graphics">BPG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bink_Video" title="Bink Video">Bink</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smacker_video" title="Smacker video">Smacker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMP_file_format" title="BMP file format">BMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivX#DivX_Media_Format_(DMF)" title="DivX">DivX Media Format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_VOB" title="Enhanced VOB">EVO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_Video" title="Flash Video">Flash Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Efficiency_Image_File_Format" title="High Efficiency Image File Format">HEIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interchange_File_Format" title="Interchange File Format">IFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.m2ts" title=".m2ts">M2TS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matroska" title="Matroska">Matroska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WebM" title="WebM">WebM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime_File_Format" title="QuickTime File Format">QuickTime File Format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RatDVD" title="RatDVD">RatDVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealMedia" title="RealMedia">RealMedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Interchange_File_Format" title="Resource Interchange File Format">RIFF</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WAV" title="WAV">WAV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOD_and_TOD" title="MOD and TOD">MOD and TOD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VOB" title="VOB">VOB, IFO and BUP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collaborations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NETVC" title="NETVC">NETVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG_LA" title="MPEG LA">MPEG LA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Open_Media" title="Alliance for Open Media">Alliance for Open Media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">Methods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Entropy_encoding" class="mw-redirect" title="Entropy encoding">Entropy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arithmetic_coding" title="Arithmetic coding">Arithmetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huffman_coding" title="Huffman coding">Huffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_Huffman_coding" title="Modified Huffman coding">Modified</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_predictive_coding" title="Linear predictive coding">LPC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algebraic_code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Algebraic code-excited linear prediction">ACELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-excited_linear_prediction" title="Code-excited linear prediction">CELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_spectral_pairs" title="Line spectral pairs">LSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warped_linear_predictive_coding" title="Warped linear predictive coding">WLPC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lossless_compression" title="Lossless compression">Lossless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lossy_compression" title="Lossy compression">Lossy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LZ77_and_LZ78" title="LZ77 and LZ78">LZ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEFLATE" class="mw-redirect" title="DEFLATE">DEFLATE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lempel%E2%80%93Ziv%E2%80%93Welch" title="Lempel–Ziv–Welch">LZW</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulse-code_modulation" title="Pulse-code modulation">PCM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-law_algorithm" title="A-law algorithm">A-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%9C-law_algorithm" title="Μ-law algorithm">µ-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_differential_pulse-code_modulation" title="Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation">ADPCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differential_pulse-code_modulation" title="Differential pulse-code modulation">DPCM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transform_coding" title="Transform coding">Transforms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_cosine_transform" title="Discrete cosine transform">DCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Fourier_transform" title="Fast Fourier transform">FFT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modified_discrete_cosine_transform" title="Modified discrete cosine transform">MDCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wavelet" title="Wavelet">Wavelet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daubechies_wavelet" title="Daubechies wavelet">Daubechies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_wavelet_transform" title="Discrete wavelet transform">DWT</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_audio_coding_formats" title="Comparison of audio coding formats">Comparison of audio coding formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_video_codecs" title="Comparison of video codecs">Comparison of video codecs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_codecs" title="List of codecs">List of codecs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See <a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_methods" title="Template:Compression methods">Compression methods</a> for techniques and <a href="/wiki/Template:Compression_software" title="Template:Compression software">Compression software</a> for codecs</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&oldid=1255606964">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&oldid=1255606964</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Audio_codecs" title="Category:Audio codecs">Audio codecs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computer-related_introductions_in_2014" title="Category:Computer-related introductions in 2014">Computer-related introductions in 2014</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_self-published_sources" title="Category:All articles with self-published sources">All articles with self-published sources</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_self-published_sources_from_July_2023" title="Category:Articles with self-published sources from July 2023">Articles with self-published sources from July 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_February_2023" title="Category:Use British English from February 2023">Use British English from February 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_to_be_expanded_from_November_2021" title="Category:Articles to be expanded from November 2021">Articles to be expanded from November 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_pro_and_con_lists" title="Category:Articles containing pro and con lists">Articles containing pro and con lists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_with_style_issues_from_February_2024" title="Category:Wikipedia articles with style issues from February 2024">Wikipedia articles with style issues from February 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_style_issues" title="Category:All articles with style issues">All articles with style issues</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 November 2024, at 20:13<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Master_Quality_Authenticated&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-gm8xq","wgBackendResponseTime":131,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.784","walltime":"0.888","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4343,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":213100,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2033,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":5,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":263252,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 769.484 1 -total"," 60.04% 461.997 1 Template:Reflist"," 44.46% 342.112 60 Template:Cite_web"," 11.51% 88.589 1 Template:Short_description"," 11.44% 88.005 5 Template:Navbox"," 10.93% 84.112 1 Template:Compression_formats"," 6.30% 48.449 2 Template:Pagetype"," 5.80% 44.625 8 Template:Cite_news"," 5.55% 42.705 1 Template:Missing_information"," 5.39% 41.500 2 Template:Ambox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.510","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6255417,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-wdqp9","timestamp":"20241122150302","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Master Quality Authenticated","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Master_Quality_Authenticated","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q22906764","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q22906764","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2015-02-17T07:44:34Z","dateModified":"2024-11-05T20:13:55Z","headline":"audiophile lossy audio codec"}</script> </body> </html>