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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Ashraf Ibrahim</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Ashraf Ibrahim"> <meta name="keywords" content="Ashraf Ibrahim"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Ashraf Ibrahim"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 838</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Ashraf Ibrahim</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">838</span> The Effects of Integrating Knowledge Management and e-Learning: Productive Work and Learning Coverage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ibrahim%20Awad">Ashraf Ibrahim Awad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is important to formulate suitable learning environments ca-pable to be customized according to value perceptions of the university. In this paper, light is shed on the concepts of integration between knowledge management (KM), and e-learning (EL) in the higher education sector of the economy in Abu Dhabi Emirate, United Arab Emirates (UAE). A discussion on and how KM and EL can be integrated and leveraged for effective education and training is presented. The results are derived from the literature and interviews with 16 of the academics in eight universities in the Emirate. The conclusion is that KM and EL have much to offer each other, but this is not yet reflected at the implementation level, and their boundaries are not always clear. Interviews have shown that both concepts perceived to be closely related and, responsibilities for these initiatives are practiced by different departments or units. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management" title="knowledge management">knowledge management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title=" e-learning"> e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20integration" title=" learning integration"> learning integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=universities" title=" universities"> universities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UAE" title=" UAE"> UAE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34904/the-effects-of-integrating-knowledge-management-and-e-learning-productive-work-and-learning-coverage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">507</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">837</span> The Works of Ibrahim Eissa: A Controversy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malak%20Khaled%20Hosny">Malak Khaled Hosny</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper inspects Ibrahim Eissa, a famous Egyptian writer and TV persona, and his literary and film works. Having faced threats of persecution and assassination, Eissa is a controversial figure in Egyptian media, and his works always pose a trigger of outrage and conversation. His book The Preacher, his movie The Guest, and his TV show Faten Amal Harby all led to some controversy unfolding in Egyptian society, and all led to conversations erupting in Egyptian households and on social media platforms. Through a close reading of his written work and an analytic watch of his work on-screen, the paper delves into the details of the intentions behind and the repercussions of Ibrahim Eissa's work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=censorship" title="censorship">censorship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film" title=" film"> film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literature" title=" literature"> literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion" title=" religion"> religion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175686/the-works-of-ibrahim-eissa-a-controversy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">836</span> Benefits and Drawbacks of Robotic Firefighting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukhtar%20Ibrahim%20Bello">Mukhtar Ibrahim Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20U.%20Aikawa"> Ibrahim U. Aikawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sadiq%20Muhammad"> Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Baballe%20Ahmad"> Muhammad Baballe Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> These vital signs can be tracked by wearable sensors, which can also be used to assess patients' health. As a result, they can be very beneficial to patients and healthcare professionals in the diagnosis of diseases, particularly when it comes to taking a patient's body temperature in infectious disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20out-break" title="fire out-break">fire out-break</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robots" title=" robots"> robots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saving" title=" saving"> saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dangerous%20environments" title=" dangerous environments"> dangerous environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impacts" title=" impacts"> impacts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179406/benefits-and-drawbacks-of-robotic-firefighting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">835</span> A 3-Year Evaluation Study on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Corresponding Histology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Al%20Shammari">Amjad Al Shammari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ibrahim"> Ashraf Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laila%20Seada"> Laila Seada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objectives: Incidence of thyroid carcinoma has been increasing world-wide. In the present study, we evaluated diagnostic accuracy of Fine needle aspiration (FNA) and its efficiency in early detecting neoplastic lesions of thyroid gland over a 3-year period. Methods: Data have been retrieved from pathology files in King Khalid Hospital. For each patient, age, gender, FNA, site & size of nodule and final histopathologic diagnosis were recorded. Results: Study included 490 cases where 419 of them were female and 71 male. Male to female ratio was 1:6. Mean age was 43 years for males and 38 for females. Cases with confirmed histopathology were 131. In 101/131 (77.1%), concordance was found between FNA and histology. In 30/131 (22.9%), there was discrepancy in diagnosis. Total malignant cases were 43, out of which 14 (32.5%) were true positive and 29 (67.44%) were false negative. No false positive cases could be found in our series. Conclusion: FNA could diagnose benign nodules in all cases, however, in malignant cases, ultrasound findings have to be taken into consideration to avoid missing of a microcarcinoma in the contralateral lobe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FNA" title="FNA">FNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hail" title=" hail"> hail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid" title=" thyroid"> thyroid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72692/a-3-year-evaluation-study-on-fine-needle-aspiration-cytology-and-corresponding-histology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">834</span> Naturally Occurring Abietic Acid for Liquid Crystalline Epoxy Curing Agents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasha%20A.Ibrahim%20El-Ghazawy">Rasha A.Ibrahim El-Ghazawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20M.%20El-Saeed"> Ashraf M. El-Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heusin%20El-Shafey"> Heusin El-Shafey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abdel-Raheim"> M. Abdel-Raheim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maher%20A.%20El-Sockary"> Maher A. El-Sockary</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two thermotropic liquid crystalline curing agents based on abietic acid with different mesogens (LCC1 and LCC2) were synthesized for producing thermally stable liquid crystal networks suitable for high performance epoxy coatings. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscope (POM) was used to identify the liquid crystal phase transformation temperatures and texture, respectively. POM micro graphs for both LCCs revealing cholesteric texture. A multifunctional epoxy resin with two abietic acid moieties was also synthesized. Dynamic mechanical (DMA) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses show that the fully bio-based cured epoxies by either LCCs possess high glass transition temperature (Tg), high modulus (G`) and improved thermal stability. The chemical structure of the synthesized LCCs and epoxy resin was investigated through FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopic techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abietic%20acid" title="abietic acid">abietic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20mechanical%20analysis" title=" dynamic mechanical analysis"> dynamic mechanical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy%20resin" title=" epoxy resin"> epoxy resin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20crystal" title=" liquid crystal"> liquid crystal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo%20gravimetric%20analysis" title=" thermo gravimetric analysis "> thermo gravimetric analysis </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33613/naturally-occurring-abietic-acid-for-liquid-crystalline-epoxy-curing-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33613.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">833</span> Phytochemical Screening, Anti-Microbial and Mineral Determination of Stachtarpheta indica Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Isah%20Lakan">Ibrahim Isah Lakan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasiru%20Ibrahim"> Nasiru Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> These Phytochemical screening, Antimicrobial activities and mineral Determination of aqueous extract of Stachtarpheta indica were assessed. The result reveals the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides and anthraquinones. The disc diffusion of aqueous extract showed Escherichia coli, 13 and antibiotic, 19 mm; Bacillus subtilis, 10 and anti –biotic, 17 mm; Klebsiller pnemuoniae , 14 and antibiotic, 24mm and Pseudmonas aeruginosa, 24 and antibiotic, 36 mm which are all comparable with the standard antibiotic cyprotomycin. The mineral content determination by flame photometer revealed that 1.25 (Na+), 0.85 (K +), 1.75 (Ca 2+) % which is a clear indication of the safety of the extract for the hypertensive patients and could be used to lower blood pressure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbials" title="microbials">microbials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineral" title=" mineral"> mineral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytochemicals" title=" phytochemicals"> phytochemicals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stachtarpheta%20indica%20extracts" title=" stachtarpheta indica extracts"> stachtarpheta indica extracts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45759/phytochemical-screening-anti-microbial-and-mineral-determination-of-stachtarpheta-indica-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45759.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">562</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">832</span> Patterns of Malignant and Benign Breast Lesions in Hail Region: A Retrospective Study at King Khalid Hospital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laila%20Seada">Laila Seada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ibrahim"> Ashraf Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Al%20Shammari"> Amjad Al Shammari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objectives: Breast carcinoma is the most common cancer of females in Hail region, accounting for 31% of all diagnosed cancer cases followed by thyroid carcinoma (25%) and colorectal carcinoma (13%). Methods: In the present retrospective study, all cases of breast lesions received at the histopathology department in King Khalid Hospital, Hail, during the period from May 2011 to April 2016 have been retrieved from department files. For all cases, a trucut biopsy, lumpectomy, or modified radical mastectomy was available for histopathologic diagnosis, while 105/140 (75%) had, as well, preoperative fine needle aspirates (FNA). Results: 49 cases out of 140 (35%) breast lesions were carcinomas: 44/49 (89.75%) was invasive ductal, 2/49(4.1%) invasive lobular carcinomas, 1/49(2.05%) intracystic low grade papillary carcinoma and 2/49 (4.1%) ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Mean age for malignant cases was 45.06 (+/-10.58): 32.6% were below the age of 40 and 30.6 below 50 years, 18.3% below 60 and 16.3% below 70 years. For the benign group, mean age was 32.52 (+/10.5) years. Benign lesions were in order of frequency: 34 fibroadenomas, 14 fibrocystic disease, 12 chronic mastitis, five granulomatous mastitis, three intraductal papillomas, and three benign phyllodes tumor. Tubular adenoma, lipoma, skin nevus, pilomatrixoma, and breast reduction specimens constituted the remaining specimens. Conclusion: Breast lesions are common in our series and invasive carcinoma accounts for more than 1/3<sup>rd</sup> of the lumps, with 63.2% incidence in pre-menopausal ladies, below the age of 50 years. FNA as a non-invasive procedure, proved to be an effective tool in diagnosing both benign and malignant/suspicious breast lumps and should continue to be used as a first assessment line of palpable breast masses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age%20incidence" title="age incidence">age incidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20carcinoma" title=" breast carcinoma"> breast carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20needle%20aspiration" title=" fine needle aspiration"> fine needle aspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hail%20region" title=" hail region"> hail region</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72605/patterns-of-malignant-and-benign-breast-lesions-in-hail-region-a-retrospective-study-at-king-khalid-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">831</span> Preliminary Design Considerations for Achieving Stabilized Orbit, Telemetary, Command, and Ranging for HTS Communication Satellite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Isa%20Ali%20%28Pantami%29">Ibrahim Isa Ali (Pantami)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdu%20Jaafaru%20Bambale"> Abdu Jaafaru Bambale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abimbola%20Alale"> Abimbola Alale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danjuma%20Ibrahim%20%20Ndihgihdah"> Danjuma Ibrahim Ndihgihdah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alkali"> Muhammad Alkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adamu%20Idris%20Umar"> Adamu Idris Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samson%20Olufunmilayo%20Abodunrin"> Samson Olufunmilayo Abodunrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Dokko%20Zubairu"> Muhammad Dokko Zubairu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moshood%20Kareem"> Moshood Kareem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the consideration and trade-offs used for the implementation of robust systems for orbit stability; Telemetry, Command and Ranging (TC& R) for Nigcomsat-1R and applicability for planned NigComSat-2 satellites. NigComSat-1R satellite was built by China Academy of Space Technology (CAST). The Satellite designed with quad-band payload (L, C, Ku, and Ka) was launched on the 20th of December 2011. The functionality of all satellite is driven by robust systems including Attitude & Orbit Control System (AOCS) and TC&R. The planned Nigcomsat-2 is a high throughput Satellite expected to function with better AOCS and TC&R. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AOCS" title="AOCS">AOCS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CAST" title=" CAST"> CAST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigcomsat-1R" title=" Nigcomsat-1R"> Nigcomsat-1R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TC%26R" title=" TC&R"> TC&R</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158991/preliminary-design-considerations-for-achieving-stabilized-orbit-telemetary-command-and-ranging-for-hts-communication-satellite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">830</span> Changing Patterns of Colorectal Cancer in Hail Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laila%20Salah%20Seada">Laila Salah Seada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ibrahim"> Ashraf Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fawaz%20Al%20Rashid"> Fawaz Al Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihab%20Abdo"> Ihab Abdo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Kasim"> Hassan Kasim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Al%20Mansi"> Waleed Al Mansi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saud%20Al%20Shabli"> Saud Al Shabli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objectives: Colorectal carcinoma is increasing among both men and women worldwide. It has a multifactorial etiology including genetic factors, environmental factors and inflammatory conditions of the digestive tract. A clinicopathologic assessment of colorectal carcinoma in Hail region is done, considering any changing patterns in two 5-year periods from 2005-2009 (A) and from 2012 to 2017 (B). All data had been retrieved from histopathology files of King Khalid Hospital, Hail. Results: During period (A), 75 cases were diagnosed as colorectal carcinoma. Male patients comprised 56/75 (74.7%) of the study, with a mean age of 58.4 (36-97), while females were 19/75 (25.3%) with a mean age of 50.3(30-85) and the difference was significant (p = 0.05). M:F ratio was 2.9:1. Most common histological type was adenocarcioma in 68/75 (90.7%) patients mostly well differentiated in 44/68 (64.7%). Mucinous neoplasms comprised only 7/75 (9.3%) of cases and tended to have a higher stage (p = 0.04). During period (B), 115 cases were diagnosed with an increase of 53.3% in number of cases than period (A). Male to female ratio also decreased to 1.35:1, females being 44.83% more affected. Adenocarcinoma remained the prevalent type (93.9%), while mucinous type was still rare (5.2%). No distal metastases found at time of presentation. Localization of tumors was rectosigmoid in group (A) in 41.4%, which increased to 56.6% in group (B), with an increase of 15.2%. Iliocecal location also decreased from 8% to 3.5%, being 56.25% less. Other proximal areas of the colon were decreased by 25.75%, from 53.9% in group (A) to 40% in group (B). Conclusion: Colorectal carcinoma in Hail region has increased by 53.3% in the past 5 years, with more females being diagnosed. Localization has also shifted distally by 15.2%. These findings are different from Western world patterns which experienced a decrease in incidence and proximal shift of the colon cancer localization. This might be due to better diagnostic tools, population awareness of the disease, as well as changing of life style and/or food habits in the region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorectal%20cancer" title="colorectal cancer">colorectal cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hail%20Region" title=" Hail Region"> Hail Region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=changing%20pattern" title=" changing pattern"> changing pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distal%20shift" title=" distal shift"> distal shift</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79308/changing-patterns-of-colorectal-cancer-in-hail-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">829</span> Comparative Analysis of Climate Mitigation Strategies Adopted by Farmers of Pakistan and the USA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulfam%20Hasan">Gulfam Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ijaz%20Ashraf"> Ijaz Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleem%20Ashraf"> Saleem Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Rafay%20Muzammil"> Muhammad Rafay Muzammil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Asghar"> Salman Asghar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shafiq-Ur-Rehman%20Zia"> Shafiq-Ur-Rehman Zia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The word “climate change” has become the most popular term when anyone observes any uncertain climate variation in their respective region. Asian countries are more prone to the impact of this phenomenon, and Pakistan is the leading affected country. Last few years, governments all over the world have been trying to cater to this issue for the best entrust of their population, especially agriculture. Now the farmers in Pakistan are fully aware of the term “climate change” and are more concerned about its solutions. On the other hand, developed countries like the USA are setting a benchmark for developing countries in every sphere of life. Based on cultural and other variations, the research was carried out to identify the behavior of farmers regarding the same issue. Cross-sectional survey research was designed for an in-depth study of relevant research questions. Face-to-face interviews were conducted in Pakistan, while virtual and face-to-face interviews were conducted in the Indiana State of the USA. The results of the present study and the responses of farmers were very interesting. The common climate change mitigation strategies suggested by farmers of both countries were less use of motor vehicles (replacement with bicycles in the circle of 10 Km), less dependency on chemical fertilizers (increased use of Manure, Bio-fertilizer, Compost), and plantation of the tree. The difference of opinion was in less government interest, lack of farmers’ education, political instability (views of Pakistani farmers), awareness of local communities, self-satisfaction, and economic disparities (views of USA farmers). Based on the given evidence, it was recommended that there is a dire need to address the climate change issue all over the world without discrimination of race, color, region, or religion. Because it will affect not only agriculture but also the real effect will be on HUMANITY. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation%20strategies" title=" mitigation strategies"> mitigation strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forests" title=" forests"> forests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title=" biodiversity"> biodiversity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162155/comparative-analysis-of-climate-mitigation-strategies-adopted-by-farmers-of-pakistan-and-the-usa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">124</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">828</span> Nigcomsat-1r and Planned HTS Communication Satellite Critical Pillars for Nigeria’s National Digital Economy Policy and Strategy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Isa%20Ali%20%28Pantami%29">Ibrahim Isa Ali (Pantami)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdu%20Jaafaru%20Bambale"> Abdu Jaafaru Bambale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abimbola%20Alale"> Abimbola Alale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danjuma%20Ibrahim%20Ndihgihdah"> Danjuma Ibrahim Ndihgihdah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alkali"> Muhammad Alkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adamu%20Idris%20Umar"> Adamu Idris Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moshood%20Kareem"> Moshood Kareem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samson%20Olufunmilayo%20Abodunrin"> Samson Olufunmilayo Abodunrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Dokko%20Zubairu"> Muhammad Dokko Zubairu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The National Digital Economy Policy and Strategy, NDEPS document developed by Nigeria’s Federal Ministry of Communications & Digital Economy (FMoCDE) is anchored on 8 pillars for the acceleration of the National Digital Economy for a Digital Nigeria. NIGCOMSAT-1R and the planned HTS communication Satellite are critical assets for supporting the pillars in the drive for sustainable growth and development. This paper discusses on the gains and contribution of the strategy as a solid infrastructure. The paper also highlights these assets’ contribution as platform for Indigenous Content Development & Adoption, Digital Literacy & Skills, and Digital Services Development & Promotion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FMoCDE" title="FMoCDE">FMoCDE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HTS" title=" HTS"> HTS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDEPS" title=" NDEPS"> NDEPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nigcomsat%21R" title=" nigcomsat!R"> nigcomsat!R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pillars" title=" pillars"> pillars</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158987/nigcomsat-1r-and-planned-hts-communication-satellite-critical-pillars-for-nigerias-national-digital-economy-policy-and-strategy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158987.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">827</span> Oral Versus Iontophoresis Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Tennis Elbow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Ali%20Elwan">Moustafa Ali Elwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Salem%20Abdelrafa"> Ibrahim Salem Abdelrafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Moharm"> Ashraf Moharm</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly prescribed oral and topical drugs worldwide. Moreover, NSAIDs are responsible for most of all adverse drug reactions. For several decades, there are numerous attempts to use the cutaneous layers as a gate into the body for the local delivery of the therapeutic agent. Transdermal drug delivery is a validated technology contributing significantly to global pharmaceutical care. Transdermal Drug Delivery systems can be improved by using therapeutic agents. Moreover, Transdermal Drug Delivery systems can be improved by using chemical enhancers like ultrasound or iontophoresis. Iontophoresis provides a mechanism to enhance the penetration of hydrophilic and charged molecules across the skin. Objective: to compare the drug administration by ‘iontophoresis’ versus the oral rule. Methods: This study was conducted at the Faculty of Physical Therapy, Modern University for technology and information, Cairo, Egypt, on 20 participants (8 female & 12 male) who complained of tennis elbow. Their mean age was (25.45 ± 3.98) years, and all participants were assessed in many aspects: Pain threshold was assessed by algometer. Range of motion was assessed by electro goniometer, and isometric strength was assessed by a portable hand-held dynamometer. Then Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: group A was treated with oral NSAID (diclofenac) while group B was treated via administration of NSAIDs (diclofenac) via an iontophoresis device. All the participants were subjected to blood samples analysis in both pre-administration of the drug and post-administration of the drug for 24 hours (sample/every 6 hours). Results: The results demonstrated that there was a significant improvement in group b, “iontophoresis NSAIDs group,” more than in group B,” oral NSAIDs group,” in all measurements ‘ pain threshold, strength, and range of motion. Also, the iontophoresis method shows higher maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) and concentration-time curves than the oral method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diclofenac" title="diclofenac">diclofenac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iontophoresis" title=" iontophoresis"> iontophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NSAIDs" title=" NSAIDs"> NSAIDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral" title=" oral"> oral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tennis%20elbow" title=" tennis elbow"> tennis elbow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155583/oral-versus-iontophoresis-nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs-in-tennis-elbow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155583.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">826</span> Quantitative Risk Analysis for Major Subsystems and Project Success of a Highthrouput Satellite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Isa%20Ali%20%28Pantami%29">Ibrahim Isa Ali (Pantami)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdu%20Jaafaru%20Bambale"> Abdu Jaafaru Bambale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abimbola%20Alale"> Abimbola Alale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danjuma%20Ibrahim%20Ndihgihdah"> Danjuma Ibrahim Ndihgihdah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alkali"> Muhammad Alkali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adamu%20Idris%20Umar"> Adamu Idris Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babadoko%20Dantala%20Mohammed"> Babadoko Dantala Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moshood%20Kareem%20Olawole"> Moshood Kareem Olawole</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper dwells on the risk management required for High throughput Satellite (HTS) project, and major subsystems that pertains to the improved performance and reliability of the spacecraft. The paper gives a clear picture of high‐throughput satellites (HTS) and the associated technologies with performances as they align and differ with the traditional geostationary orbit or Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit (GEO) Communication Satellites. The paper also highlights critical subsystems and processes in project conceptualization and execution. The paper discusses the configuration of the payload. The need for optimization of resources for the HTS project and successful integration of critical subsystems for spacecraft requires implementation of risk analysis and mitigation from the preliminary design stage; Assembly, Integration and Test (AIT); Launch and in-orbit- Management stage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AIT" title="AIT">AIT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HTS" title=" HTS"> HTS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-orbit%20management" title=" in-orbit management"> in-orbit management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158986/quantitative-risk-analysis-for-major-subsystems-and-project-success-of-a-highthrouput-satellite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">825</span> Simulations to Predict Solar Energy Potential by ERA5 Application at North Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Ali%20Rahoma">U. Ali Rahoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabil%20Esawy"> Nabil Esawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fawzia%20Ibrahim%20Moursy"> Fawzia Ibrahim Moursy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Hassan"> A. H. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samy%20A.%20Khalil"> Samy A. Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20S.%20Khamees"> Ashraf S. Khamees</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The design of any solar energy conversion system requires the knowledge of solar radiation data obtained over a long period. Satellite data has been widely used to estimate solar energy where no ground observation of solar radiation is available, yet there are limitations on the temporal coverage of satellite data. Reanalysis is a “retrospective analysis” of the atmosphere parameters generated by assimilating observation data from various sources, including ground observation, satellites, ships, and aircraft observation with the output of NWP (Numerical Weather Prediction) models, to develop an exhaustive record of weather and climate parameters. The evaluation of the performance of reanalysis datasets (ERA-5) for North Africa against high-quality surface measured data was performed using statistical analysis. The estimation of global solar radiation (GSR) distribution over six different selected locations in North Africa during ten years from the period time 2011 to 2020. The root means square error (RMSE), mean bias error (MBE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of reanalysis data of solar radiation range from 0.079 to 0.222, 0.0145 to 0.198, and 0.055 to 0.178, respectively. The seasonal statistical analysis was performed to study seasonal variation of performance of datasets, which reveals the significant variation of errors in different seasons—the performance of the dataset changes by changing the temporal resolution of the data used for comparison. The monthly mean values of data show better performance, but the accuracy of data is compromised. The solar radiation data of ERA-5 is used for preliminary solar resource assessment and power estimation. The correlation coefficient (R2) varies from 0.93 to 99% for the different selected sites in North Africa in the present research. The goal of this research is to give a good representation for global solar radiation to help in solar energy application in all fields, and this can be done by using gridded data from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ECMWF and producing a new model to give a good result. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title="solar energy">solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20radiation" title=" solar radiation"> solar radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ERA-5" title=" ERA-5"> ERA-5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potential%20energy" title=" potential energy"> potential energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143174/simulations-to-predict-solar-energy-potential-by-era5-application-at-north-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143174.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">824</span> Optimal Configuration for Polarimetric Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Watad">Ibrahim Watad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Abdulhalim"> Ibrahim Abdulhalim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conventional spectroscopic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors are widely used, both in fundamental research and environmental monitoring as well as healthcare diagnostics. However, they still lack the low limit of detection (LOD) and there still a place for improvement. SPR conventional sensors are based on the detection of a dip in the reflectivity spectrum which is relatively wide. To improve the performance of these sensors, many techniques and methods proposed either to reduce the width of the dip or to increase the sensitivity. Together with that, profiting from the sharp jump in the phase spectrum under SPR, several works suggested the extraction of the phase of the reflected wave. However, existing phase measurement setups are in general more complicated compared to the conventional setups, require more stability and are very sensitive to external vibrations and noises. In this study, a simple polarimetric technique for phase extraction under SPR is presented, followed by a theoretical error analysis and an experimental verification. The advantages of the proposed technique upon existing techniques will be elaborated, together with conclusions regarding the best polarimetric function, and its corresponding optimal metal layer range of thicknesses to use under the conventional Kretschmann-Raether configuration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmonics" title="plasmonics">plasmonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polarimetry" title=" polarimetry"> polarimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title=" thin films"> thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20sensors" title=" optical sensors"> optical sensors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53083/optimal-configuration-for-polarimetric-surface-plasmon-resonance-sensors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">823</span> Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process for Determination of Supply Chain Performance Evaluation Criteria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Cil">Ibrahim Cil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20Kurtcu"> Onur Kurtcu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ibrahim%20Demir"> H. Ibrahim Demir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Furkan%20Yener"> Furkan Yener</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf.%20S.%20Turkan"> Yusuf. S. Turkan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muharrem%20Unver"> Muharrem Unver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramazan%20Evren"> Ramazan Evren</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuzzy AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method is decision-making way at the end of integrating the current AHP method with fuzzy structure. In this study, the processes of production planning, inventory management and purchasing department of a system were analysed and were requested to decide the performance criteria of each area. At this point, the current work processes were analysed by various decision-makers and comparing each criteria by giving points according to 1-9 scale were completed. The criteria were listed in order to their weights by using Fuzzy AHP approach and top three performance criteria of each department were determined. After that, the performance criteria of supply chain consisting of three departments were asked to determine. The processes of each department were compared by decision-makers at the point of building the supply chain performance system and getting the performance criteria. According to the results, the criteria of performance system of supply chain by using Fuzzy AHP were determined for which will be used in the supply chain performance system in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AHP" title="AHP">AHP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy" title=" fuzzy"> fuzzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain" title=" supply chain"> supply chain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72234/fuzzy-analytic-hierarchy-process-for-determination-of-supply-chain-performance-evaluation-criteria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">822</span> Instructional Leadership and Competency in Capacity Development among Principals: A Mediation with Self Efficacy in Moderate Performing Schools </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ibrahim%20K.%20Azeez">Mohd Ibrahim K. Azeez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Sani%20Ibrahim"> Mohammed Sani Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosemawati%20Mustapa"> Rosemawati Mustapa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maisarah%20A.%20Malik"> Maisarah A. Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandrakala%20Varatharajoo"> Chandrakala Varatharajoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wee%20Akina%20Sia%20Seng%20Lee"> Wee Akina Sia Seng Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The leadership of the principals is known to be a key indicator in development and school performance. Therefore, this study was undertaken to assess the extent of the influence of instructional leadership in the field of supervision and curriculum focus on capacity development competence in the field of communication and teamwork. In addition, this study also examines self-efficacy mediator school leadership in the field of self-improvement and self-management of school principals. The study involved 383 guest teachers from 55 secondary schools for leadership in schools. Data was analyzed using SEM aid program AMOS 21. The final result shows partial mediation model was the best model fit to obtain the best goodness of fit of (X2/df = 4.663, CFI = 0.922, GFI = 0.778, TLI = 0914, NFI = 0.903, and RMSEA = 0.098) compared to the direct effect model of the findings (X2/df = 5.319, CFI = 0.908, GFI = 0755, TLI = 0.899, NFI = 0.889, and RMSEA = 0.106). While the findings of the fully mediator model with a self-efficacy refers principals as a mediator as follows (X2/df = 4.838, CFI = 0918, GFI = 0772, TLI = 0.910, NFI = 0.899, and RMSEA = 0.100). Therefore, it can be concluded that the findings clearly demonstrate self-efficacy variables principals become a mediator in the relationship between instructional leadership capacity and competency development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instructional%20leadership" title="instructional leadership">instructional leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20development" title=" capacity development"> capacity development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-efficacy" title=" self-efficacy"> self-efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competency" title=" competency"> competency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30770/instructional-leadership-and-competency-in-capacity-development-among-principals-a-mediation-with-self-efficacy-in-moderate-performing-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30770.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">725</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">821</span> Development of a Delivery System for Statin Targeted Spray is a Breakthrough Therapy in Alzheimer’s Prevention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fakhr%20Eddin%20Alnaal">Fakhr Eddin Alnaal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Dahdal"> Angela Dahdal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duaa%20Aladib"> Duaa Aladib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabeen%20Ibrahim"> Sabeen Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Ghoraibi"> Ibrahim Ghoraibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bissan%20Ahmed"> Bissan Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dementia is one of the diseases which had several stages and Alzheimer’s term was selected in respect for the first doctor Alzheimer who defined the first symptoms of this diseases in a woman whom was well treated by him. The fact that this is a type of a silent disease on which you have a long-term process of neurological degradation and suddenly gives symptoms which are most often irreversible, on clinical level likely we can consider it as a malignancy, one in terms of that it is sudden shocking irreversible and on the level of behavior and some mortality beside the lack of early detection tools for diagnosis. Therefore, the goal of our project is to test the concept of the ability of Statin in prevention of such disease and we investigated that both on experimental level and most importantly on clinical one, the clinical part was performed in a recognized house of aged people who had accidently a high cholesterol and were for years given Statin to treat that elevation, however after the symptoms of Alzheimer’s appeared and when diagnosed, they were well treated and rapidly recovered compared to Alzheimer’s patients in the same house who did not receive Statin had a mild improvement in their symptoms after the therapy, on the other hand we confirmed such observation by a well-organized experimental work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alzheimer%27s" title="Alzheimer's">Alzheimer's</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dementia" title=" dementia"> dementia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silent%20disease" title=" silent disease"> silent disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statin" title=" statin"> statin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156124/development-of-a-delivery-system-for-statin-targeted-spray-is-a-breakthrough-therapy-in-alzheimers-prevention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">820</span> In Vivo Maltase and Sucrase Inhibitory Activities of Five Underutilized Nigerian Edible Fruits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Auwal%20Ibrahim">Mohammed Auwal Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isa%20Yunusa"> Isa Yunusa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nafisa%20Kabir"> Nafisa Kabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shazali%20Ali%20Baba"> Shazali Ali Baba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Muhammad%20Yushau"> Amina Muhammad Yushau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suraj%20Suraj%20Ibrahim"> Suraj Suraj Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaharaddeen%20Idris%20Bello"> Zaharaddeen Idris Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suleiman%20Haruna%20Suleiman"> Suleiman Haruna Suleiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murtala%20Bindawa%20Isah"> Murtala Bindawa Isah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Inhibition of intestinal maltase and sucrase prevents postprandial blood glucose excursions which are beneficial in ameliorating diabetes-associated complications. Objective: In this study, the inhibitory effects of fruit extracts of Parinari macrophylla, Detarium microcarpum, Ziziphus spina-christi, Z. mairei and Parkia biglobosa were investigated against intestinal maltase and sucrase. Methods: Rats were given co-administration of the fruit extracts with maltose or sucrose and blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 30, 90 and 120 min. Results: The glucose-time curves indicated that all the fruits had the most potent inhibitory effects on both maltase and sucrase within the first 30 min. The computed Area Under the Curves (AUC0-120)for all the fruits indicated more potent inhibitory effects against intestinal maltase than sucrase.The ED50 range for the fruits extract against maltase and sucrase were 647.15-1118.35 and 942.44-1851.94 mg/kg bw respectively. Conclusion: The data suggests that the fruits could prevent postprandial hyperglycemia via inhibition of intestinal maltase and sucrase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes%20mellitus" title="diabetes mellitus">diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fruits" title=" fruits"> fruits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1-glucosidases" title=" α-glucosidases"> α-glucosidases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maltase" title=" maltase"> maltase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sucrase" title=" sucrase"> sucrase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43113/in-vivo-maltase-and-sucrase-inhibitory-activities-of-five-underutilized-nigerian-edible-fruits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">819</span> Challenges of Domestic Water Security for Sustainable Development in North Central Belt of Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Ibbi%20Ibrahim">Samuel Ibbi Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaiah%20Ndalassan%20Ibrahim"> Isaiah Ndalassan Ibrahim </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accessibility and availability of good quality water have become a major concern among different users. This paper examines the caustic importance of water security in relation to people’s desire for survival. It observed the democratic ideology of national policy on domestic water supply and demand and its implementation for national and societal development. It used analogy on equilibrium approach to ascertain the household water security. In most communities, it is glaring that several public water management in operation for several years are hardly performing efficiently to reach equilibrium demand. Moreover most settlements being rural or urban lack effective public water system that could ensure regular supplies to the population. The terrain and gradual declining of efficient rainfall northward poses great challenge to the region in managing water supply and demand adequately. This study itemized the need for the government to get clear strategy for a sustainable development on better water efficiency. Partnership in providing workable policy on water security is considered apparently important. It is also suggested that water plant treatment should be established in every medium-sized towns in the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good%20quality%20of%20water" title="good quality of water">good quality of water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20accessibility" title=" water accessibility"> water accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20availability" title=" water availability"> water availability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20sustainable" title=" water sustainable "> water sustainable </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36333/challenges-of-domestic-water-security-for-sustainable-development-in-north-central-belt-of-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">818</span> Psychiatric Symptoms in Keratoconus: Analyzing Anxiety and Depression in Affected Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nida%20Amin">Nida Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Tanveer"> Fahad Tanveer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hina%20Shabbir"> Hina Shabbir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Saeed"> Ayesha Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attiqa%20Riaz"> Attiqa Riaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The gradual progression of corneal disorder keratoconus significantly impairs eyesight and quality of life, increasing the likelihood of depression. Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at the AL-Ibrahim Eye Hospital in Karachi, this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with keratoconus and to suggest better treatment. A descriptive-analytical study was conducted at Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital Karachi from March to April 2022, and patients diagnosed with symptomatic keratoconus were recruited using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. After obtaining written informed consent from patients, keratoconus severity was assessed using visual acuity and corneal topography. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Spearman correlation coefficient. Of the 108 participants, 60 (56%) were female and 48 (44%) were male. Using the HADS scale, 44 (40.7%) patients were classified as normal with a HADS score of (0-7), 23 (21.3%) as borderline with a HADS score of (8-10) and 41 (38%) patients were diagnosed with anxiety and depression with a HADS score of (11-21). Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent among patients in advanced stages of the disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cornea" title="cornea">cornea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keratoconus" title=" keratoconus"> keratoconus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety" title=" anxiety"> anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depression" title=" depression"> depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corneal%20topography" title=" corneal topography"> corneal topography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title=" mental health"> mental health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188898/psychiatric-symptoms-in-keratoconus-analyzing-anxiety-and-depression-in-affected-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">35</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">817</span> Nonclassical Antifolates: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling Study of Some New Quinazolin-4-One Analogues as Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yomna%20Ibrahim%20El-Gazzar">Yomna Ibrahim El-Gazzar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussien%20Ibrahim%20El-Subbagh"> Hussien Ibrahim El-Subbagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20Hanaa%20Georgey"> Hanan Hanaa Georgey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20S.%20Hassan%20Hassan"> Ghada S. Hassan Hassan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is an enzyme that has pivotal importance in biochemistry and medicinal chemistry. It catalyzes the reduction of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate and intimately couples with thymidylate synthase. Thymidylate synthase is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes the reductive methylation of (dUMP) to (dTMP) utilizing N5, N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate as a cofactor. A new series of 2-substituted thio-quinazolin-4-one analogs was designed that possessed electron withdrawing or donating functional groups (Cl or OCH3) at position 6- or 7-, 4-methoxyphenyl function at position 3-.The thiol function is used to connect to either 1,2,4-triazole, or 1,3,4-thiadiazole via a methylene bridge. Most of the functional groups designed to be accommodated on the quinazoline ring such as thioether, alkyl to increase lipid solubility of polar compounds, a character very much needed in the nonclassical DHFR inhibitors. The target compounds were verified with spectral data and elemental analysis. DHFR inhibitions, as well as antitumor activity, were applied on three cell lines (MCF-7, CACO-2, HEPG-2). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonclassical%20antifolates" title="nonclassical antifolates">nonclassical antifolates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DHFR%20Inhibitors" title=" DHFR Inhibitors"> DHFR Inhibitors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antitumor%20activity" title=" antitumor activity"> antitumor activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quinazoline%20ring" title=" quinazoline ring"> quinazoline ring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53324/nonclassical-antifolates-synthesis-biological-evaluation-and-molecular-modeling-study-of-some-new-quinazolin-4-one-analogues-as-dihydrofolate-reductase-inhibitors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">816</span> Reproductive Traits for Holstein Cattle </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20M.%20Ward">Ashraf M. Ward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruban%20S.%20Yu"> Ruban S. Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data consisting of 2757 records from tow Holstein herds made between 2000 and 2010 were used to examine environmental factors affecting age at first calving (AFC) and calving intervals (CI) and consequently estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters and trends. The overall means and standard errors for AFC and CI were 39.4 ± 7.2 months and 487.5 ± 151.6 days respectively. The respective heritability estimates were 0.091 ± 0.05 and 0.044 ± 0.032, while the repeatability estimate for CI was 0.096 ± 0.001. The genetic trends for CI and AFC were -0.6 d/yr and -0.01 mo/yr respectively and were both significant (P < 0.001), indicating a decrease in mean breeding value over the study period. Phenotypic trends were -0.31 mo/yr and -0.35 d/yr for AFC and CI respectively though non-significant (P > 0.05). The low heritability for CI and AFC indicated that temporary environmental influences were much greater than genetic influences or permanent environmental influences on these traits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holstein" title="Holstein">Holstein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproductive" title=" reproductive"> reproductive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20parameters" title=" genetic parameters"> genetic parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritability" title=" heritability "> heritability </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18509/reproductive-traits-for-holstein-cattle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">720</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">815</span> Influence of Cathodic Protection on High Strength, Pre-Stressed Corroded Tendons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20R.%20Elomari">Ibrahim R. Elomari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fin%20O%27Flaherty"> Fin O'Flaherty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20R.%20Elomari"> Ibrahim R. Elomari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Lambert"> Paul Lambert </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cathodic protection (CP) is a technique commonly used to arrest corrosion of steel in infrastructure. However, it is not generally used on high strength, pre-stressed tendons due to the risk of hydrogen generation, leading to possible embrittlement. This paper investigates its use in such circumstances where the applied protection potential is varied to determine if CP can be safely employed on pre-stressed tendons. Plain steel tendons measuring 5.4 mm diameter were pre-stressed in timber moulds and embedded in sand/cement mortar, formulated to represent gunite. Two levels of pre-stressing were investigated (400MPa and 1200MPa). Pre-corrosion of 0% (control), 3% and 6% target loss of cross-sectional area was applied to replicate service conditions. Impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) was then applied to the tendons at two levels of potential to identify any effect on strength. Instant-off values up to -950mV were used for normal protection with values of -1100mV or more negative to achieve overprotection. Following the ICCP phase, the tendons were removed from the mortar, cleaned and weighed to confirm actual percentage of corrosion. Tensile tests were then conducted on the tendons. The preliminary results show the influence of normal levels and overprotection of CP on the ultimate strength of the tendons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-stressed%20concrete" title="pre-stressed concrete">pre-stressed concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cathodic%20protection" title=" cathodic protection"> cathodic protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20embrittlement" title=" hydrogen embrittlement"> hydrogen embrittlement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79186/influence-of-cathodic-protection-on-high-strength-pre-stressed-corroded-tendons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">814</span> Dentofacial-Targeted Bullying: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mai%20Ashraf%20Talaat">Mai Ashraf Talaat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bullying is an aggressive behavior and a serious issue that should be addressed by everyone and should be avoided at all costs. It is very common among adolescents and schoolchildren and the effects can be devastating and long-lasting. Students are most commonly bullied about physical appearance, race, gender, disability, ethnicity, religion, and sexual orientation. Appearance-targeted bullying is a form of bullying that targets an aspect of a person's appearance, which includes facial and dental features. Deviation from accepted dentofacial aesthetics leads to elevated incidences of bullying in schoolchildren. The aim of this review article is to assess the prevalence of bullying due to dentofacial characteristics and evaluate the importance of dentofacial appearance on perceived social attractiveness based on multiple studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dentofacial%20features" title="dentofacial features">dentofacial features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontics" title=" orthodontics"> orthodontics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malocclusion" title=" malocclusion"> malocclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title=" adolescents"> adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bullying" title=" bullying"> bullying</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166879/dentofacial-targeted-bullying-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">813</span> Integrating Process Planning, WMS Dispatching, and WPPW Weighted Due Date Assignment Using a Genetic Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halil%20Ibrahim%20Demir">Halil Ibrahim Demir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tar%C4%B1k%20Cakar"> Tarık Cakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Cil"> Ibrahim Cil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muharrem%20Dugenci"> Muharrem Dugenci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caner%20Erden"> Caner Erden</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conventionally, process planning, scheduling, and due-date assignment functions are performed separately and sequentially. The interdependence of these functions requires integration. Although integrated process planning and scheduling, and scheduling with due date assignment problems are popular research topics, only a few works address the integration of these three functions. This work focuses on the integration of process planning, WMS scheduling, and WPPW due date assignment. Another novelty of this work is the use of a weighted due date assignment. In the literature, due dates are generally assigned without considering the importance of customers. However, in this study, more important customers get closer due dates. Typically, only tardiness is punished, but the JIT philosophy punishes both earliness and tardiness. In this study, all weighted earliness, tardiness, and due date related costs are penalized. As no customer desires distant due dates, such distant due dates should be penalized. In this study, various levels of integration of these three functions are tested and genetic search and random search are compared both with each other and with ordinary solutions. Higher integration levels are superior, while search is always useful. Genetic searches outperformed random searches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20planning" title="process planning">process planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weighted%20scheduling" title=" weighted scheduling"> weighted scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weighted%20due-date%20assignment" title=" weighted due-date assignment"> weighted due-date assignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20search" title=" random search"> random search</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51544/integrating-process-planning-wms-dispatching-and-wppw-weighted-due-date-assignment-using-a-genetic-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">812</span> The Effect of Artificial Intelligence on the Production of Agricultural Lands and Labor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Makram%20Ibrahim%20Salib">Ibrahim Makram Ibrahim Salib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agriculture plays an essential role in providing food for the world's population. It also offers numerous benefits to countries, including non-food products, transportation, and environmental balance. Precision agriculture, which employs advanced tools to monitor variability and manage inputs, can help achieve these benefits. The increasing demand for food security puts pressure on decision-makers to ensure sufficient food production worldwide. To support sustainable agriculture, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be utilized to manage farms and increase yields. This paper aims to provide an understanding of UAV usage and its applications in agriculture. The objective is to review the various applications of UAVs in agriculture. Based on a comprehensive review of existing research, it was found that different sensors provide varying analyses for agriculture applications. Therefore, the purpose of the project must be determined before using UAV technology for better data quality and analysis. In conclusion, identifying a suitable sensor and UAV is crucial to gather accurate data and precise analysis when using UAVs in agriculture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture%20land" title="agriculture land">agriculture land</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture%20land%20loss" title=" agriculture land loss"> agriculture land loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kabul%20city" title=" Kabul city"> Kabul city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20land%20expansion" title=" urban land expansion"> urban land expansion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization%20agriculture%20yield%20growth" title=" urbanization agriculture yield growth"> urbanization agriculture yield growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture%20yield%20prediction" title=" agriculture yield prediction"> agriculture yield prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explorative%20data%20analysis" title=" explorative data analysis"> explorative data analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20models" title=" predictive models"> predictive models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression%20models%20drone" title=" regression models drone"> regression models drone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20agriculture" title=" precision agriculture"> precision agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farmer%20income" title=" farmer income"> farmer income</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183735/the-effect-of-artificial-intelligence-on-the-production-of-agricultural-lands-and-labor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">811</span> Role of Interlukin-18 in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis: Clinical, Laboratory and Radiological Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Khalil%20Ibrahim">Ibrahim Khalil Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enas%20Mohamed%20Shahine"> Enas Mohamed Shahine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abeer%20Shawky%20El%20Hadedy"> Abeer Shawky El Hadedy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Kamal%20Aziz%20Saba"> Emmanuel Kamal Aziz Saba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Salah%20Attia%20Hussein"> Ghada Salah Attia Hussein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease characterized by a progressive degradation of articular cartilage and is the leading cause of disability in elderly persons. IL-18 contributes to the destruction of cartilage and bone in the disease process of arthritis. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of IL-18 in primary knee OA patients. Serum level of IL-18 was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 30 primary knee OA patients and compared to 20 age and gender-matched healthy volunteers as a control group. Radiographic severity of OA was assessed by Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) global scale. Pain, stiffness and functional assessment were done using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). OA patients had significantly higher serum IL-18 level than in control group (420.93 ± 345.4 versus 151.03 ± 144.16 pg/ml, P=0.001). Serum level of IL-18 was positively correlated with KL global scale (P=0.001). There were no statistically significant correlations between serum level of IL-18 and pain, stiffness, function subscales and total WOMAC index scores among the studied patients. In conclusions, IL-18 has a role in the pathogenesis of OA and it is positively correlated with the radiographic damage of OA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Interlukin-18" title="Interlukin-18">Interlukin-18</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20osteoarthritis" title=" knee osteoarthritis"> knee osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20osteoarthritis" title=" primary osteoarthritis"> primary osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WOMAC%20scale" title=" WOMAC scale"> WOMAC scale</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46517/role-of-interlukin-18-in-primary-knee-osteoarthritis-clinical-laboratory-and-radiological-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">810</span> Low Back Pain among Nurses in Penang Public Hospitals: A Study on Prevalence and Factors Associated</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izani%20Uzair%20Zubair">Izani Uzair Zubair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ismail%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Ismail Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Nazri%20Shafei"> Mohd Nazri Shafei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Merican%20Omar%20Naina%20Merican"> Hassan Merican Omar Naina Merican</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Sabri%20Othman"> Mohamad Sabri Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Izmi%20Ahmad%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Izmi Ahmad Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasilah%20Ramli"> Rasilah Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajpal%20Singh%20Karam%20Singh"> Rajpal Singh Karam Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nurses experience a higher prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and musculoskeletal complaints as compared to other hospital workers. Due to no proper policy related to LBP, the job has exposed them to the problem. Thus, the current study aims to look at the intensity of the problem and factors associated with development of LBP. Method and Tools: A cross sectional study was carried out among 1292 nurses from six public hospitals in Penang. They were randomly selected and those who were pregnant and have been diagnosed to have LBP were excluded. A Malay validated BACK Questionnaire was used. The associated factors were determined by using multiple logistic regression from SPSS version 20.0. Result: Most of the respondents were at mean age 30 years old and had mean working experience 86 months. The prevalence of LBP was identified as 76% (95% CI 74, 82). Factors that were associated with LBP among nurses include lifting a heavy object (OR2.626 (95% CI 1.978, 3.486) p =0.001 and the estimation weight of the lifted object (OR1.443 (95% CI 1.056, 1.970) p =0.021. Conclusion: Nurses who practice lifting heavy object and weight of the object lifted give a significant contribution to the development of LBP. The prevalence of the problem is significantly high. Thus, a proper no weight lifting policy should be considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20back%20pain" title="low back pain">low back pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurses" title=" nurses"> nurses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penang%20public%20hospital" title=" Penang public hospital"> Penang public hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penang" title=" Penang"> Penang</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64098/low-back-pain-among-nurses-in-penang-public-hospitals-a-study-on-prevalence-and-factors-associated" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">809</span> Evaluation of Digital Assessment of Anal Sphincter Muscle Strength</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Kamal%20Aziz%20Saba">Emmanuel Kamal Aziz Saba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gihan%20Abd%20El-Lateif%20Younis%20El-Tantawi"> Gihan Abd El-Lateif Younis El-Tantawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Hamdy%20Zahran"> Mohammed Hamdy Zahran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Khalil%20Ibrahim"> Ibrahim Khalil Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Abd%20El-Salam%20Shehata"> Mohammed Abd El-Salam Shehata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20Al-Moghazy%20Sultan"> Hussein Al-Moghazy Sultan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medhat%20Mohamed%20Anwar"> Medhat Mohamed Anwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Examination of the external anal sphincter muscle strength of voluntary contraction is essential in initial assessment and assessment of efficacy of rehabilitation of patients with faecal incontinence (FI) and obstructed defecation (OD). The present study was conducted to evaluate the digital assessment of the external anal sphincter muscle strength of voluntary contraction by using Modified Oxford Scale (MOS) in comparison to anal manometry squeeze pressure. The present cross-sectional study included 65 patients. There were 40 patients (61.5 %) with FI and 25 patients (38.5 %) with OD. All patients were subjected to history taking, clinical examination including assessment of the external anal sphincter muscle strength of voluntary contraction by using MOS and anal manometry (mean squeeze pressure and maximal squeeze pressure). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between MOS and anal manometry squeeze pressures including mean squeeze pressure and maximal squeeze pressure among FI group and OD group. In conclusion, assessment of the external anal sphincter muscle strength of voluntary contraction by using MOS is a valid method and can substitute anal manometry assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anal%20manometry" title="anal manometry">anal manometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20anal%20sphincter%20muscle" title=" external anal sphincter muscle"> external anal sphincter muscle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modified%20Oxford%20Scale" title=" Modified Oxford Scale"> Modified Oxford Scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20strength" title=" muscle strength"> muscle strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32483/evaluation-of-digital-assessment-of-anal-sphincter-muscle-strength" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ibrahim&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ibrahim&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ibrahim&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20Ibrahim&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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