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Sabir</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Jamal S. M. Sabir"> <meta name="keywords" content="Jamal S. M. Sabir"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Jamal S. 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M. Sabir"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 141</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Jamal S. M. Sabir</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Phylogenetic Analysis and a Review of the History of the Accidental Phytoplankter, Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (Bacillariophyta)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir">Jamal S. M. Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edward%20C.%20Theriot"> Edward C. Theriot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schonna%20R.%20Manning"> Schonna R. Manning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20L.%20Al-Malki"> Abdulrahman L. Al-Malki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad"> Mohammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mumdooh%20J.%20Sabir"> Mumdooh J. Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dwight%20K.%20Romanovicz"> Dwight K. Romanovicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahid%20H.%20Hajrah"> Nahid H. Hajrah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20K.%20Jansen"> Robert K. Jansen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matt%20P.%20Ashworth"> Matt P. Ashworth</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum has been used as a model for cell biologists and ecologists for over a century. We have incorporated several new raphid pennates into a three-gene phylogenetic dataset (SSU, rbcL, psbC), and recover Gomphonemopsis sp. as sister to P. tricornutum with 100% BS support. This is the first time a close relative has been identified for P. tricornutum with robust statistical support. We test and reject a succession of hypotheses for other relatives. Our molecular data are statistically significantly incongruent with placement of either or both species among the Cymbellales, an order of diatoms with which both have been associated. We believe that further resolution of the phylogenetic position of P. tricornutum will rely more on increased taxon sampling than increased genetic sampling. Gomphonemopsis is a benthic diatom, and its phylogenetic relationship with P. tricornutum is congruent with the hypothesis that P. tricornutum is a benthic diatom with specific adaptations that lead to active recruitment into the plankton. We hypothesize that other benthic diatoms are likely to have similar adaptations and are not merely passively recruited into the plankton. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benthic" title="benthic">benthic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diatoms%3B%20ecology" title=" diatoms; ecology"> diatoms; ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phaeodactylum%20tricornutum" title=" Phaeodactylum tricornutum"> Phaeodactylum tricornutum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogeny" title=" phylogeny"> phylogeny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tychoplankton" title=" tychoplankton "> tychoplankton </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91315/phylogenetic-analysis-and-a-review-of-the-history-of-the-accidental-phytoplankter-phaeodactylum-tricornutum-bohlin-bacillariophyta" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91315.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Isolation and Molecular Identification of Two Fungal Strains Capable of Degrading hydrocarbon Contaminants on Saudi Arabian Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amr%20A.%20EL%20Hanafy">Amr A. EL Hanafy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasir%20Anwar"> Yasir Anwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleh%20A.%20Mohamed"> Saleh A. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleh%20Mohamed%20Saleh%20Al-Garni"> Saleh Mohamed Saleh Al-Garni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir"> Jamal S. M. Sabir </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20A.%20H.%20Abu%20Zinadah"> Osama A. H. Abu Zinadah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Morsi%20Ahmed"> Mohamed Morsi Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the vicinity of the red sea about 15 fungi species were isolated from oil contaminated sites. On the basis of aptitude to degrade the crude oil and DCPIP assay, two fungal isolates were selected amongst 15 oil degrading strains. Analysis of ITS-1, ITS-2 and amplicon pyrosequencing studies of fungal diversity revealed that these strains belong to Penicillium and Aspergillus species. Two strains that proved to be the most efficient in degrading crude oil was Aspergillus niger (54 %) and Penicillium commune (48 %) Subsequent to two weeks of cultivation in BHS medium the degradation rate were recorded by using spectrophotometer and GC-MS. Hence, it is cleared that these fungal strains has the capability of degradation and can be utilized for cleaning the Saudi Arabian environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungal%20%20strains" title="fungal strains">fungal strains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon%20contaminants" title=" hydrocarbon contaminants"> hydrocarbon contaminants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20identification" title=" molecular identification"> molecular identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodegradation" title=" biodegradation"> biodegradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-MS" title=" GC-MS"> GC-MS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36036/isolation-and-molecular-identification-of-two-fungal-strains-capable-of-degrading-hydrocarbon-contaminants-on-saudi-arabian-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> Anthropocentric and Ecocentric Representation of Human-Environment Relationship in Paulo Coelho's the Alchemist</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tooba%20Sabir">Tooba Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namra%20Sabir"> Namra Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Amjad%20Sabir"> Mohammad Amjad Sabir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The human-environment relationship has been projected since the beginning of literary tradition i.e. pastoral tradition, however, the interest of critics, writers and poets, in this view, has been developed, since the last couple of decades because of the increasing scope of environmental studies and growing environmental issues. One such novel, that projects human-environment relationship, is ‘The Alchemist.’ It is Paulo Coelho’s one of the most read novels. It holds a central theme that the universe conspires to help a person achieve his destiny, projecting anthropocentrism and human domination by centralizing human and devaluing the intrinsic worth of ecosystem. However, ecocritical analysis of the text reveals that the novel contains, at several instances, ecocentrism as well e.g. ‘everything on earth is being continuously transformed because earth is alive.’ This portrays ecosphere as living and dynamic entity rather than a mere instrument for human to achieve his destiny. The idea that the universe shares the same language projects unity of nature showing the relationship between human and non-human aspects of the environment as one being and not separate or superior to one another. It depicts human as a part of the environment and not the lord of the world. Therefore, it can be concluded that the novel oscillates between both the ecocentric and the anthropocentric phenomena. It is not suggested, however, that one phenomenon should be valued over the other but that the complexities of both the phenomena should be recognized, acknowledged and valued in order to encourage the interactions between literature and environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropocentrism" title="anthropocentrism">anthropocentrism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecocentrism" title=" ecocentrism"> ecocentrism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecocritical%20analysis" title=" ecocritical analysis"> ecocritical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human-environment%20relationship" title=" human-environment relationship"> human-environment relationship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72371/anthropocentric-and-ecocentric-representation-of-human-environment-relationship-in-paulo-coelhos-the-alchemist" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Analysis of the Transcriptional Response of Rhazia stricta to Jasmonic Acid Induction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahid%20H.%20Hajrah">Nahid H. Hajrah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir"> Jamal S. M. Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neil%20Hall"> Neil Hall</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The jasmonic pathway is ubiquitous in plants and is crucial to plant development. It Is involved in fertility, ripening, and sex determination as well as in response to environmental stresses such as herbivory, pathogen drought or temperature shock. Essentially the jasmonic pathway acts to shut down growth in order to induce defence pathways. These pathways include the production of secondary metabolites which have evolved to defend against herbivores and pathogens but are of increasing interest due to their roll in medicine and biotechnology. Here we describe the transcriptional response of Rhazia stricta (a poisonous shrub widely used in traditional medicine) to jasmonic acid, in order to better characterize the genes involved in secondary metabolite production and its response to stress. We observe coordinated upregulation of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway leading to flavonols, flavones and anthocyanins but no similar coordination of the monoterpene indole alkaloid pathway. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title="medicinal plants">medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhazia%20stricta" title=" Rhazia stricta"> Rhazia stricta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jasmonic%20acid" title=" jasmonic acid"> jasmonic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transcriptional%20analysis" title=" transcriptional analysis"> transcriptional analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107330/analysis-of-the-transcriptional-response-of-rhazia-stricta-to-jasmonic-acid-induction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107330.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Identification and Evaluation of Environmental Concepts in Paulo Coelho's "The Alchemist"</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tooba%20Sabir">Tooba Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asima%20Jaffar"> Asima Jaffar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namra%20Sabir"> Namra Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Amjad%20Sabir"> Mohammad Amjad Sabir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ecocriticism is the study of relationship between human and environment which has been represented in literature since the very beginning in pastoral tradition. However, the analysis of such representation is new as compared to the other critical evaluations like Psychoanalysis, Marxism, Post-colonialism, Modernism and many others. Ecocritics seek to find information like anthropocentrism, ecocentrism, ecofeminism, eco-Marxism, representation of environment and environmental concept and several other topics. In the current study the representation of environmental concepts, were ecocritically analyzed in Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist, one of the most read novels throughout the world, having been translated into many languages. Analysis of the text revealed, the representations of environmental ideas like landscapes and tourism, biodiversity, land-sea displacement, environmental disasters and warfare, desert winds and sand dunes. 'This desert was once a sea' throws light on different theories of land-sea displacement, one being the plate-tectonic theory which proposes Earth’s lithosphere to be divided into different large and small plates, continuously moving toward, away from or parallel to each other, resulting in land-sea displacement. Another theory is the continental drift theory which holds onto the belief that one large landmass—Pangea, broke down into smaller pieces of land that moved relative to each other and formed continents of the present time. The cause of desertification may, however, be natural i.e. climate change or artificial i.e. by human activities. Imagery of the environmental concepts, at some instances in the novel, is detailed and at other instances, is not as striking, but still is capable of arousing readers’ imagination. The study suggests that ecocritical justifications of environmental concepts in the text will increase the interactions between literature and environment which should be encouraged in order to induce environmental awareness among the readers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title="biodiversity">biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecocritical%20analysis" title=" ecocritical analysis"> ecocritical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecocriticism" title=" ecocriticism"> ecocriticism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20disasters" title=" environmental disasters"> environmental disasters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landscapes" title=" landscapes"> landscapes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72790/identification-and-evaluation-of-environmental-concepts-in-paulo-coelhos-the-alchemist" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> DNA Polymorphism Studies of β-Lactoglobulin Gene in Native Saudi Goat Breeds </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amr%20A.%20El%20Hanafy">Amr A. El Hanafy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20I.%20Qureshi"> Muhammad I. Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Sabir"> Jamal Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Mutawakil"> Mohamed Mutawakil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20M.%20Ahmed"> Mohamed M. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20El%20Ashmaoui"> Hassan El Ashmaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Ramadan"> Hassan Ramadan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Abou-Alsoud"> Mohamed Abou-Alsoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Abdel%20Sadek"> Mahmoud Abdel Sadek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> β-Lactoglobulin (β-LG) is the dominant non-casein whey protein found in bovine milk and of most ruminants. The amino acid sequence of β-LG along with its 3-dimensional structure illustrates linkage with the lipocalin superfamily. Preliminary studies in goats indicated that milk yield can be influenced by polymorphism in genes coding for whey proteins. The aim of this study is to identify and evaluate the incidence of functional polymorphisms in the exonic and intronic portions of β-LG gene in native Saudi goat breeds (Ardi, Habsi, and Harri). Blood samples were collected from 300 animals (100 for each breed) and genomic DNA was extracted using QIAamp DNA extraction Kit. A fragment of the β-LG gene from exon 7 to 3’ flanking region was amplified with pairs of specific primers. Subsequent digestion with Sac II restriction endonuclease revealed two alleles (A and B) and three different banding patterns or genotypes i.e. AA, AB and BB. The statistical analysis showed that β-LG AA genotype had higher milk yield than β-LG AB and β-LG BB genotypes. Nucleotide sequencing of the selected β-LG fragments was done and submitted to GenBank NCBI (Accession No. KJ544248, KJ588275, KJ588276, KJ783455, KJ783456 and KJ874959). Two already established SNPs in exon 7 (+4601 and +4603) and one fresh SNP in the 3’ UTR region were detected in the β-LG fragments with designated AA genotype. The polymorphisms in exon 7 did not produce any amino acid change. Phylogenetic analysis on the basis of nucleotide sequences of native Saudi goats indicated evolutional similarity with the GenBank reference sequences of goat, Bubalus bubalis and Bos taurus. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-Lactoglobulin" title="β-Lactoglobulin">β-Lactoglobulin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20goats" title=" Saudi goats"> Saudi goats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR-RFLP" title=" PCR-RFLP"> PCR-RFLP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20polymorphism" title=" functional polymorphism"> functional polymorphism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nucleotide%20sequencing" title=" nucleotide sequencing"> nucleotide sequencing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogenetic%20analysis" title=" phylogenetic analysis"> phylogenetic analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14402/dna-polymorphism-studies-of-v-lactoglobulin-gene-in-native-saudi-goat-breeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">501</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> RNA-Seq Analysis of the Wild Barley (H. spontaneum) Leaf Transcriptome under Salt Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Bahieldin">Ahmed Bahieldin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Atef"> Ahmed Atef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir"> Jamal S. M. Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nour%20O.%20Gadalla"> Nour O. Gadalla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sherif%20Edris"> Sherif Edris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20Alzohairy"> Ahmed M. Alzohairy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nezar%20A.%20Radhwan"> Nezar A. Radhwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20N.%20Baeshen"> Mohammed N. Baeshen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20Ramadan"> Ahmed M. Ramadan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hala%20F.%20Eissa"> Hala F. Eissa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabah%20M.%20Hassan"> Sabah M. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabih%20A.%20Baeshen"> Nabih A. Baeshen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osama%20Abuzinadah"> Osama Abuzinadah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdy%20A.%20Al-Kordy"> Magdy A. Al-Kordy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fotouh%20M.%20El-Domyati"> Fotouh M. El-Domyati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20K.%20Jansen"> Robert K. Jansen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wild salt-tolerant barley (Hordeum spontaneum) is the ancestor of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare or H. vulgare). Although the cultivated barley genome is well studied, little is known about genome structure and function of its wild ancestor. In the present study, RNA-Seq analysis was performed on young leaves of wild barley treated with salt (500 mM NaCl) at four different time intervals. Transcriptome sequencing yielded 103 to 115 million reads for all replicates of each treatment, corresponding to over 10 billion nucleotides per sample. Of the total reads, between 74.8 and 80.3% could be mapped and 77.4 to 81.7% of the transcripts were found in the H. vulgare unigene database (unigene-mapped). The unmapped wild barley reads for all treatments and replicates were assembled de novo and the resulting contigs were used as a new reference genome. This resultedin94.3 to 95.3%oftheunmapped reads mapping to the new reference. The number of differentially expressed transcripts was 9277, 3861 of which were uni gene-mapped. The annotated unigene- and de novo-mapped transcripts (5100) were utilized to generate expression clusters across time of salt stress treatment. Two-dimensional hierarchical clustering classified differential expression profiles into nine expression clusters, four of which were selected for further analysis. Differentially expressed transcripts were assigned to the main functional categories. The most important groups were ‘response to external stimulus’ and ‘electron-carrier activity’. Highly expressed transcripts are involved in several biological processes, including electron transport and exchanger mechanisms, flavonoid biosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, ethylene production, signaling network and protein refolding. The comparisons demonstrated that mRNA-Seq is an efficient method for the analysis of differentially expressed genes and biological processes under salt stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20transport" title="electron transport">electron transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid%20biosynthesis" title=" flavonoid biosynthesis"> flavonoid biosynthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactive%20oxygen%20species" title=" reactive oxygen species"> reactive oxygen species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rnaseq" title=" rnaseq"> rnaseq</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42511/rna-seq-analysis-of-the-wild-barley-h-spontaneum-leaf-transcriptome-under-salt-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Acoustic Analysis of Psycho-Communication Disorders within Moroccan Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Sabir">Brahim Sabir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Psycho-Communication disorders negatively affect the academic curriculum for students in higher education. Thus, understanding these disorders, their causes and effects will give education specialists a tool for the decision, which will lead to the resolution of problems related to the integration of students with Psycho-Communication disorders. It is in this context that a statistical study was conducted, targeting the population object of study, namely Moroccan students. Pathological voice samples were recorded and analyzed acoustically with PRAAT software, in order to build a model that will be the basis for the objective diagnostic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psycho-communication%20disorders" title="psycho-communication disorders">psycho-communication disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20analysis" title=" acoustic analysis"> acoustic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PRAAT" title=" PRAAT"> PRAAT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23935/acoustic-analysis-of-psycho-communication-disorders-within-moroccan-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Modelling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouad%20Berrabeh">Fouad Berrabeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabir%20Messalti"> Sabir Messalti </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The performances of the photovoltaic systems are very dependent on different conditions, such as solar irradiation, temperature, etc. Therefore, it is very important to provide detailed studies for different cases in order to provide continuously power, so the photovoltaic system must be properly sized. This paper presents the modelling and simulation of the photovoltaic cell using single diode model. I-V characteristics and P-V characteristics are presented and it verified at different conditions (irradiance effect, temperature effect, series resistance effect). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20cell" title="photovoltaic cell">photovoltaic cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BP%20SX%20150%20BP%20solar%20photovoltaic%20module" title=" BP SX 150 BP solar photovoltaic module"> BP SX 150 BP solar photovoltaic module</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irradiance%20effect" title=" irradiance effect"> irradiance effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect" title=" temperature effect"> temperature effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series%20resistance%20effect" title=" series resistance effect"> series resistance effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I%E2%80%93V%20characteristics" title=" I–V characteristics"> I–V characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P%E2%80%93V%20characteristics" title=" P–V characteristics"> P–V characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16671/modelling-and-simulation-of-photovoltaic-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Comparative Study for Power Systems Transient Stability Improvement Using SFCL ,SVC,TCBR </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabir%20Messalti">Sabir Messalti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Gherbi"> Ahmed Gherbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Bouchlaghem"> Ahmed Bouchlaghem </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents comparative study for power systems transient stability improvement using three FACTS devices: the SVC(Static Var Compensator), the Thyristor Control Breaking Resistor (TCBR) and superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL)The transient stability is assessed by the criterion of relative rotor angles. Critical Clearing Time (CCT) is used as an index for evaluated transient stability. The present study is tested on the WSCC3 nine-bus system in the case of three-phase short circuit fault on one transmission line. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SVC" title="SVC">SVC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TCBR" title=" TCBR"> TCBR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SFCL" title=" SFCL"> SFCL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20systems%20transient%20stability%20improvement" title=" power systems transient stability improvement"> power systems transient stability improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14270/comparative-study-for-power-systems-transient-stability-improvement-using-sfcl-svctcbr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">650</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Enhancing of Laser Imaging by Using Ultrasound Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayder%20Raad%20Hafuze">Hayder Raad Hafuze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munqith%20Saleem%20Dawood"> Munqith Saleem Dawood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Abdul%20Jabbar"> Jamal Abdul Jabbar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of using both ultrasounds with laser in medical imaging of the biological tissue has been studied in this paper. Different wave lengths of incident laser light (405 nm, 532 nm, 650 nm, 808 nm and 1064 nm) were used with different ultrasound frequencies (1MHz and 3.3MHz). The results showed that, the change of acoustic intensity enhance the laser penetration of the tissue for different thickness. The existence of the ideal Raman-Nath diffraction pattern were investigated in terms of phase delay and incident angle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue" title="tissue">tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title=" laser"> laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect" title=" effect"> effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging" title=" imaging "> imaging </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517/enhancing-of-laser-imaging-by-using-ultrasound-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Security System for Safe Transmission of Medical Image</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Jamal%20Al-Mansor">Mohammed Jamal Al-Mansor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kok%20Beng%20Gan"> Kok Beng Gan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper develops an optimized embedding of payload in medical image by using genetic optimization. The goal is to preserve region of interest from being distorted because of the watermark. By using this developed system there is no need of manual defining of region of interest through experts as the system will apply the genetic optimization to select the parts of image that can carry the watermark with guaranteeing less distortion. The experimental results assure that genetic based optimization is useful for performing steganography with less mean square error percentage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AES" title="AES">AES</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DWT" title=" DWT"> DWT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watermarking" title=" watermarking"> watermarking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52270/security-system-for-safe-transmission-of-medical-image" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Channel That Can Be Used on Slope, Slide Prone and Seismic Areas, Swelling and Collapsing Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabir%20Tehrankhan%20Hasanov">Sabir Tehrankhan Hasanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mir%20Movsum%20Anar%20Dadashev"> Mir Movsum Anar Dadashev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article provides a brief overview of irrigation systems and canals applied to slopes, landslide-prone, seismic areas, and swelling and collapsing soils. The contemporary construction of the canal used for irrigation, energy, and water supply purposes is described. In order to ensure the durability, longevity, and reliability of the channel, a damping mat made of cast material is created under its cover, and the top is covered with a waterproof screen. Dowels are placed on the bottom and sides of the channel, and the bottom dowel is riveted to the solid bedrock and connected with piles placed at certain distances. Drainage was placed next to the bottom dowel, an operation road was created on one side of the channel, and a berm road was created on the other side. A bathtub was built on the side of the road, and a forest-bush strip was built on its bank. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slope" title="slope">slope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel" title=" channel"> channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landslide" title=" landslide"> landslide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collapse" title=" collapse"> collapse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swell" title=" swell"> swell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil" title=" soil"> soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure" title=" structure"> structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159736/channel-that-can-be-used-on-slope-slide-prone-and-seismic-areas-swelling-and-collapsing-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159736.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Perception of Young Consumers about SMS Marketing in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raja%20Irfan%20Sabir">Raja Irfan Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nargis%20Dewan"> Nargis Dewan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the role of SMS marketing on perception of young consumers and its impact on society by keeping in mind the culture, values and communication norms of Pakistan. The study focused on the consumer’s perception towards SMS Marketing of Entertainment, Informativeness, Credibility and Irritation factor which can have influence on the perception of young consumer positively or negatively. It’s also observed that some of the message contents do have good or bad impact on the society’s norm. The result derived from a sample of 200 consumers indicate that communication medium ‘SMS marketing’ positively influence the consumers perception but the messages that consumers receive from these companies are against the social norms and have bad impact. So Pakistani entrepreneurs of cellular industries should be more aware that there is need to somehow modify their message content strategies according to culture, norms and values of our society and environmental situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMS%20marketing" title="SMS marketing">SMS marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=messages%20content" title=" messages content"> messages content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumers%E2%80%99%20perception" title=" consumers’ perception"> consumers’ perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20values%20and%20norms" title=" cultural values and norms"> cultural values and norms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48375/perception-of-young-consumers-about-sms-marketing-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48375.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Artificial Neural Networks Controller for Power System Voltage Improvement </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabir%20Messalti">Sabir Messalti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilal%20Boudjellal"> Bilal Boudjellal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azouz%20Said"> Azouz Said</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, power system Voltage improvement using wind turbine is presented. Two controllers are used: a PI controller and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) controllers are studied to control of the power flow exchanged between the wind turbine and the power system in order to improve the bus voltage. The wind turbine is based on a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) controlled by field-oriented control. Indirect control is used to control of the reactive power flow exchanged between the DFIG and the power system. The proposed controllers are tested on power system for large voltage disturbances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20networks%20controller" title="artificial neural networks controller">artificial neural networks controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFIG" title=" DFIG"> DFIG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field-oriented%20control" title=" field-oriented control"> field-oriented control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PI%20controller" title=" PI controller"> PI controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20system%20voltage%20improvement" title=" power system voltage improvement"> power system voltage improvement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14265/artificial-neural-networks-controller-for-power-system-voltage-improvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> Use of Dendrochronology in Estimation of Creep Velocity and Its Dependence on the Bulk Density of Soils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Amjad%20Sabir">Mohammad Amjad Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishtiaq%20Khan"> Ishtiaq Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20Ali"> Shahid Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umar%20Shabbir"> Umar Shabbir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aneel%20Ahmad"> Aneel Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Creep, being the main silt contributor to the rivers, is a slow, downhill flow of soils. The creep velocity is measured in millimeters to a couple of centimeters per year and is determined with the help of tilt caused by creep in the vertical objects and needs at least ten years to get a reliable creep velocity. This project was devised to calculate creep velocity using dendrochronology and looking for the difference of creep velocity registered by different trees on the same slope. It was concluded that dendrochronology provides a very reliable procedure of creep velocity estimation if ‘J’ shaped trees are studied for their horizontal movement and age. The age of these trees was measured using tree coring, and the horizontal movement was measured with a conventional tape. Using this procedure it does not require decades and additionally the data reveals the creep velocity for up to 150 years and even more instead of just a decade. It was also concluded that the creep velocity does not only depend on bulk density of soil hence no pronounced effect of bulk density was detected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep%20velocity" title="creep velocity">creep velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galiyat" title=" Galiyat"> Galiyat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dendrochronology" title=" dendrochronology"> dendrochronology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagri%20Bala" title=" Nagri Bala"> Nagri Bala</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100711/use-of-dendrochronology-in-estimation-of-creep-velocity-and-its-dependence-on-the-bulk-density-of-soils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">315</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> A Comprehensive Review of Axial Flux Machines and Its Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahbaz%20Amin">Shahbaz Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabir%20Hussain%20Shah"> Sabir Hussain Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahib%20Khan"> Sahib Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a thorough review concerning the design types of axial flux permanent magnet machines (AFPM) in terms of different features such as construction, design, materials, and manufacturing. Particular emphasis is given on the design and performance analysis of AFPM machines. A comparison among different permanent magnet machines is also provided. First of all, early and modern axial flux machines are mentioned. Secondly, rotor construction of different axial flux machines is described, then different stator constructions are mentioned depending upon the presence of slots and stator back iron. Then according to the arrangement of the rotor stator structure the machines are classified into single, double and multi-stack arrangements. Advantages, disadvantages and applications of each type of rotor and stator are pointed out. Finally on the basis of the reviewed literature merits, demerits, features and application of different axial flux machines structures are explained and clarified. Thus, this paper provides connection between the machines that are currently being used in industry and the developments of AFPM throughout the years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20flux%20machines" title="axial flux machines">axial flux machines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20flux%20applications" title=" axial flux applications"> axial flux applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coreless%20machines" title=" coreless machines"> coreless machines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PM%20machines" title=" PM machines"> PM machines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95500/a-comprehensive-review-of-axial-flux-machines-and-its-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">217</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Characterization of Fish Bone Catalyst for Biodiesel Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarina%20Sulaiman">Sarina Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.Khairudin"> N.Khairudin </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.Jamal"> P.Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.Z.%20Alam"> M.Z. Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaki%20Zainudin"> Zaki Zainudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Azmi"> S. Azmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, fish bone waste was used as a new catalyst for biodiesel production. Instead of discarding the fish bone waste, it will be utilized as a source for catalyst that can provide significant benefit to the environment. Also, it can be substitute as a calcium oxide source instead of using eggshell, crab shell and snail shell. The XRD and SEM analysis proved that calcined fish bone contains calcium oxide, calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. The catalyst was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcinations" title="calcinations">calcinations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20bone" title=" fish bone"> fish bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20catalyst" title=" waste catalyst"> waste catalyst</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7717/characterization-of-fish-bone-catalyst-for-biodiesel-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Features in the Distribution of Fleas (Siphonaptera) in the Balkhash-Alakol Depression on the South-Eastern Kazakhstan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurtazin%20Sabir">Nurtazin Sabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Begon%20Michael"> Begon Michael</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeszhanov%20Aidyn"> Yeszhanov Aidyn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Belyaev"> Alexander Belyaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hughes%20Nelika"> Hughes Nelika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bethany%20Levick"> Bethany Levick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmurzauly%20Ruslan"> Salmurzauly Ruslan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the features of the distribution of the most abundant species of fleas that are carriers of the most dangerous infections in the Balkhash-Alakol depression of Kazakhstan. We show that of 153 species of fleas described in the territory of the great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus Licht.), 35 species are parasitic. 21 of them are specific to gerbils species, and four species of fleas from the Xenopsylla genus are dominant in number and value of epizootic. We also describe the modern features of habitats of these species and their relationship with the great gerbil populations found in the South Balkhash region. It indicates the need for research on the population structure of the most abundant fleas species and their relationship with the structure of the populations of main carrier of transmission infections in the region-great gerbil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balkhash-Alakol%20depression" title="Balkhash-Alakol depression">Balkhash-Alakol depression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20foci%20of%20plague" title=" natural foci of plague"> natural foci of plague</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=species%20diversity%20and%20distribution%20of%20fleas" title=" species diversity and distribution of fleas"> species diversity and distribution of fleas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flea%20and%20great%20gerbil%20population%20structure" title=" flea and great gerbil population structure"> flea and great gerbil population structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epizootic%20activity" title=" epizootic activity"> epizootic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20species%20of%20fleas" title=" mass species of fleas"> mass species of fleas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27346/features-in-the-distribution-of-fleas-siphonaptera-in-the-balkhash-alakol-depression-on-the-south-eastern-kazakhstan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Hybrid Project Management Model Based on Lean and Agile Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima-Zahra%20Eddoug">Fatima-Zahra Eddoug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Benhra"> Jamal Benhra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajaa%20Benabbou"> Rajaa Benabbou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several project management models exist in the literature and the most used ones are the hybrids for their multiple advantages. Our objective in this paper is to analyze the existing models, which are based on the Lean and Agile approaches and to propose a novel framework with the convenient tools that will allow efficient management of a general project. To create the desired framework, we were based essentially on 7 existing models. Only the Scrum tool among the agile tools was identified by several authors to be appropriate for project management. In contrast, multiple lean tools were proposed in different phases of the project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agility" title="agility">agility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20project%20management" title=" hybrid project management"> hybrid project management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean" title=" lean"> lean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scrum" title=" scrum"> scrum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148425/hybrid-project-management-model-based-on-lean-and-agile-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Maximum Distance Separable b-Symbol Repeated-Root γ-Constacylic Codes over a Finite Chain Ring of Length 2</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Laaouine">Jamal Laaouine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Elhassani%20Charkani"> Mohammed Elhassani Charkani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let p be a prime and let b be an integer. MDS b-symbol codes are a direct generalization of MDS codes. The γ-constacyclic codes of length pˢ over the finite commutative chain ring Fₚm [u]/ < u² > had been classified into four distinct types, where is a nonzero element of the field Fₚm. Let C₃ be a code of Type 3. In this paper, we obtain the b-symbol distance db(C₃) of the code C₃. Using this result, necessary and sufficient conditions under which C₃ is an MDS b-symbol code are given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constacyclic%20code" title="constacyclic code">constacyclic code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repeated-root%20code" title=" repeated-root code"> repeated-root code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20distance%20separable" title=" maximum distance separable"> maximum distance separable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MDS%20codes" title=" MDS codes"> MDS codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=b-symbol%20distance" title=" b-symbol distance"> b-symbol distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20chain%20rings" title=" finite chain rings"> finite chain rings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131201/maximum-distance-separable-b-symbol-repeated-root-gh-constacylic-codes-over-a-finite-chain-ring-of-length-2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Transformation of the Ili Delta Ecosystems Related to the Runoff Control of the Ile-Balkhash Basin Rivers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruslan%20Salmurzauli">Ruslan Salmurzauli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabir%20Nurtazin"> Sabir Nurtazin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buho%20Hoshino"> Buho Hoshino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niels%20Thevs"> Niels Thevs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20Yeszhanov"> A. B. Yeszhanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiman%20Imentai"> Aiman Imentai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents the results of a research on the transformation of the diverse ecosystems of the Ili delta during the period 1979-2014 based on the analysis of the hydrological regime dynamics, weather conditions and satellite images. Conclusions have been drawn on the decisive importance of the water runoff of the Ili River in the negative changes and environmental degradation in delta areas over the past forty-five years. The increase of water consumption in the Chinese and Kazakhstan parts of the Ili-Balkhash basin caused desiccation and desertification of many hydromorphic delta ecosystems and the reduction of water flow into Lake Balkhash. We demonstrate that a significant reduction of watering of the delta areas could drastically accelerate the aridization and degradation of the hydromorphic ecosystems. Under runoff decrease, a transformation process of the delta ecosystems begins from the head part and gradually spread northward to the periphery of the delta. The desertification is most clearly expressed in the central and western parts of the delta areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ili-Balkhash%20basin" title="Ili-Balkhash basin">Ili-Balkhash basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ili%20river%20delta" title=" Ili river delta"> Ili river delta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runoff" title=" runoff"> runoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrological%20regime" title=" hydrological regime"> hydrological regime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformation%20of%20ecosystems" title=" transformation of ecosystems"> transformation of ecosystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32225/transformation-of-the-ili-delta-ecosystems-related-to-the-runoff-control-of-the-ile-balkhash-basin-rivers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> Compact Ultra-Wideband Printed Monopole Antenna with Inverted L-Shaped Slots for Data Communication and RF Energy Harvesting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Adel%20Sennouni">Mohamed Adel Sennouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Zbitou"> Jamal Zbitou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benaissa%20Abboud"> Benaissa Abboud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelwahed%20Tribak"> Abdelwahed Tribak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Bennis"> Hamid Bennis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Latrach"> Mohamed Latrach </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A compact UWB planar antenna fed with a microstrip-line is proposed. The new design is composed of a rectangular patch with symmetric L-shaped slots and fed by 50 Ω microstrip transmission line and a reduced ground-plane which have a periodic slots with an overall size of 47 mm x 20 mm. It is intended to be used in wireless applications that cover the ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency band. A wider impedance bandwidth of around 116.5% (1.875 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UWB%20planar%20antenna" title="UWB planar antenna">UWB planar antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-shaped%20slots" title=" L-shaped slots"> L-shaped slots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20applications" title=" wireless applications"> wireless applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impedance%20band-width" title=" impedance band-width"> impedance band-width</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20pattern" title=" radiation pattern"> radiation pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CST" title=" CST"> CST</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16119/compact-ultra-wideband-printed-monopole-antenna-with-inverted-l-shaped-slots-for-data-communication-and-rf-energy-harvesting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> Antioxidant Activity of Selected Medicinal Plants Used in Folk Medicine in Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmin%20Alshalmani">Salmin Alshalmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghazall%20M%20Benhusein"> Ghazall M Benhusein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebtisam%20Alhadi%20Absomaha"> Ebtisam Alhadi Absomaha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwa%20I.%20Meshri"> Marwa I. Meshri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamdoon%20A.%20Mohammed"> Hamdoon A. Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Mezogi"> Jamal Mezogi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Eight wild medicinal plants used by Libyan and growing in Al-Jebel Al-Akhdar, Libya were suspected to estimate the antioxidant activity using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl stable free radical (DPPH). Incidences of purple colour reduction of the DPPH by testing extracts in addition to quercetin and vitamin C as positive controls reflect its ability to scavenge free radicals. All testing plants extract showed noticeable strength as antioxidant regarding its abilities to scavenge DPPH with an especial regards to Sarcopoterium spinosum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title="antioxidant">antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scavenging%20activity" title=" scavenging activity"> scavenging activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folk%20medicine" title=" folk medicine"> folk medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methanol%20extracts" title=" methanol extracts "> methanol extracts </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16036/antioxidant-activity-of-selected-medicinal-plants-used-in-folk-medicine-in-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16036.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">601</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">117</span> Determination of Cadmium , Lead, Nickel, and Zinc in Some Green Tea Samples Collected from Libyan Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20%20A.%20Mayouf">Jamal A. Mayouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashim%20Salih%20Al%20Bayati"> Hashim Salih Al Bayati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Green tea is one of the most common drinks in all cities of Libyan. Heavy metal contents such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) were determined in four green tea samples collected from Libyan market and their tea infusions by using atomic emission spectrophotometry after acid digestion. The results obtained indicate that the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Ni, and Zn in tea infusions samples ranged from 0.07-0.12, 0.19-0.28, 0.09-0.15, 0.18-0.43 mg/l after boiling for 5 min., 0.06-0.08, 0.18-0.23, 0.08-0.14, 0.17-0.27 mg/l after boiling for 10 min., 0.07-0.11, 0.18-0.24, 0.08-0.14, 0.21-0.34 mg/l after boiling for 15 min. respectively. On the other hand, the concentrations of the same element mentioned above obtained in tea leaves ranged from 6.0-18.0, 36.0-42.0, 16.0-20.0, 44.0-132.0 mg/kg respectively. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn in tea leaves samples were higher than Prevention of Food Adulteration (PFA) limit and World Health Organization(WHO) permissible limit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tea" title="tea">tea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infusion" title=" infusion"> infusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metals" title=" metals"> metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Libya" title=" Libya "> Libya </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13753/determination-of-cadmium-lead-nickel-and-zinc-in-some-green-tea-samples-collected-from-libyan-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">116</span> Determination of Lead , Cadmium, Nickel and Zinc in Some Green Tea Samples Collected from Libyan Markets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20A.%20Mayouf">Jamal A. Mayouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashim%20Salih%20Al%20Bayati"> Hashim Salih Al Bayati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eltayeb%20M.%20Emmima"> Eltayeb M. Emmima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Green tea is one of the most common drinks in all cities of Libyan. Heavy metal contents such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) were determined in four green tea samples collected from Libyan market and their tea infusions by using atomic emission spectrophotometry after acid digestion. The results obtained indicate that the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn in tea infusions samples ranged from 0.07-0.12, 0.19-0.28, 0.09-0.15, 0.18-0.43 mg/l after boiling for 5 min., 0.06-0.08, 0.18-0.23, 0.08-0.14, 0.17-0.27 mg/l after boiling for 10 min., 0.07-0.11, 0.18-0.24, 0.08-0.14, 0.21-0.34 mg/l after boiling for 15 min. respectively. On the other hand, the concentrations of the same element mentioned above obtained in tea leaves ranged from 6.0-18.0, 36.0-42.0, 16.0-20.0, 44.0-132.0 mg/kg respectively. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn in tea leaves samples were higher than Prevention of Food Adulteration (PFA) limit and World Health Organization(WHO) permissible limit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boiling" title="boiling">boiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infusion" title=" infusion"> infusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metals" title=" metals"> metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tea" title=" tea "> tea </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26808/determination-of-lead-cadmium-nickel-and-zinc-in-some-green-tea-samples-collected-from-libyan-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26808.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">115</span> Approximation Algorithms for Peak-Demand Reduction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaid%20Jamal%20Saeed%20Almahmoud">Zaid Jamal Saeed Almahmoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smart grid is emerging as the future power grid, with smart techniques to optimize power consumption and electricity generation. Minimizing peak power consumption under a fixed delay requirement is a significant problem in the smart grid.For this problem, all appliances must be scheduled within a given finite time duration. We consider the problem of minimizing the peak demand under appliances constraints by scheduling power jobs with uniform release dates and deadlines. As the problem is known to be NP-hard, we analyze the performance of a version of the natural greedy heuristic for solving this problem. Our theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed heuristic outperforms existing methods by providing a better approximation to the optimal solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peak%20demand%20scheduling" title="peak demand scheduling">peak demand scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approximation%20algorithms" title=" approximation algorithms"> approximation algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20grid" title=" smart grid"> smart grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heuristics" title=" heuristics"> heuristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157964/approximation-algorithms-for-peak-demand-reduction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">114</span> Effect of Ultrasound on the Hydrolysis of Soy Oil Catalyzed by 1,3-Specific Lipase Abstract </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Abd%20Awadallak">Jamal Abd Awadallak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thiago%20Olinek%20Reinehr"> Thiago Olinek Reinehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eduardo%20Raizer"> Eduardo Raizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deise%20Molinari"> Deise Molinari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edson%20Antonio"> Edson Antonio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camila%20da%20Silva%20da%20Silva"> Camila da Silva da Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hydrolysis of soy oil catalyzed by 1,3-specific enzyme (Lecitase Ultra) in a well-stirred bioreactor was studied. Two forms of applications of the ultrasound were evaluated aiming to increase reaction rates, wherein the use of probe ultrasound associated with the use of surfactant to pre-emulsify the substrate showed the best results. Two different reaction periods were found: the first where the ultrasound has great influence on reaction rates, and the second where ultrasound influence is minimal. Studies on the time of pre-emulsification, surfactant concentration and enzyme concentration showed that the initial rate of hydrolysis depends on the interfacial area between the oil phase and the aqueous phase containing the enzyme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20enzyme" title="specific enzyme">specific enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20fatty%20acids" title=" free fatty acids"> free fatty acids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hydrolysis" title=" Hydrolysis"> Hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lecitase%20ultra" title=" lecitase ultra"> lecitase ultra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20337/effect-of-ultrasound-on-the-hydrolysis-of-soy-oil-catalyzed-by-13-specific-lipase-abstract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20337.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">113</span> ELD79-LGD2006 Transformation Techniques Implementation and Accuracy Comparison in Tripoli Area, Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20A.%20Gledan">Jamal A. Gledan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Othman%20A.%20Azzeidani"> Othman A. Azzeidani </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the last decade, Libya established a new Geodetic Datum called Libyan Geodetic Datum 2006 (LGD 2006) by using GPS, whereas the ground traversing method was used to establish the last Libyan datum which was called the Europe Libyan Datum 79 (ELD79). The current research paper introduces ELD79 to LGD2006 coordinate transformation technique, the accurate comparison of transformation between multiple regression equations and the three-parameters model (Bursa-Wolf). The results had been obtained show that the overall accuracy of stepwise multi regression equations is better than that can be determined by using Bursa-Wolf transformation model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geodetic%20datum" title="geodetic datum">geodetic datum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20control%20points" title=" horizontal control points"> horizontal control points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20similarity%20transformation%20model" title=" traditional similarity transformation model"> traditional similarity transformation model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unconventional%20transformation%20techniques" title=" unconventional transformation techniques"> unconventional transformation techniques</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6281/eld79-lgd2006-transformation-techniques-implementation-and-accuracy-comparison-in-tripoli-area-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">112</span> Electrical Load Estimation Using Estimated Fuzzy Linear Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bader%20Alkandari">Bader Alkandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Y.%20Madouh"> Jamal Y. Madouh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20M.%20Alkandari"> Ahmad M. Alkandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anwar%20A.%20Alnaqi"> Anwar A. Alnaqi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new formulation of fuzzy linear estimation problem is presented. It is formulated as a linear programming problem. The objective is to minimize the spread of the data points, taking into consideration the type of the membership function of the fuzzy parameters to satisfy the constraints on each measurement point and to insure that the original membership is included in the estimated membership. Different models are developed for a fuzzy triangular membership. The proposed models are applied to different examples from the area of fuzzy linear regression and finally to different examples for estimating the electrical load on a busbar. It had been found that the proposed technique is more suited for electrical load estimation, since the nature of the load is characterized by the uncertainty and vagueness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20regression" title="fuzzy regression">fuzzy regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=load%20estimation" title=" load estimation"> load estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20linear%20parameters" title=" fuzzy linear parameters"> fuzzy linear parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20load%20estimation" title=" electrical load estimation"> electrical load estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18341/electrical-load-estimation-using-estimated-fuzzy-linear-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18341.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">540</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20S.%20M.%20Sabir&page=5">5</a></li> <li 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