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class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/25.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/1_samuel/25.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />May God deal with David, be it ever so severely, if by morning I leave alive one male of all who belong to him!&#8221<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/1_samuel/25.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />May God strike me and kill me if even one man of his household is still alive tomorrow morning!”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/1_samuel/25.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />God do so to the enemies of David and more also, if by morning I leave so much as one male of all who belong to him.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/25.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />May God punish David, and ever so severely, if I let one male belonging to Nabal survive until morning.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/1_samuel/25.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />So and more also do God unto the enemies of David, if I leave of all that <i>pertain</i> to him by the morning light any that pisseth against the wall.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/1_samuel/25.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />May God do so, and more also, to the enemies of David, if I leave one male of all who <i>belong</i> to him by morning light.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/1_samuel/25.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />May God do so to the enemies of David, and more so, if by morning I leave alive <i>as much as</i> one male of any who belong to him.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/1_samuel/25.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />&#8220May God do so to the enemies of David, and more also, if by morning I leave as much as one male of any who belong to him.&#8221<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/1_samuel/25.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />“May God do so to the enemies of David, and more also, if by morning I leave <i>as much as</i> one male of any who belong to him.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/1_samuel/25.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />May God do so to the enemies of David, and more also, if by morning I leave <i>as much as</i> one male of any who belong to him.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/1_samuel/25.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />May God do so to the enemies of David, and more also, if by morning I leave [alive] even one male of any who belong to him.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/1_samuel/25.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />May God punish me and do so severely if I let any of his males survive until morning.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/1_samuel/25.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />May God punish me and do so severely if I let any of his men survive until morning.&#8221 <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/1_samuel/25.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />God do so unto the enemies of David, and more also, if I leave of all that pertain to him by the morning light so much as one man-child.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/1_samuel/25.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />I swear that by morning, there won't be a man or boy left from his family or his servants' families. I pray that God will punish me if I don't do it!" <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/1_samuel/25.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />God do so unto the enemies of David, and more also, if I leave of all that pertain to him by the morning light so much as one man child.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/1_samuel/25.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />May God punish me if I leave even one of his men alive in the morning." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/1_samuel/25.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />May God strike me dead if I don't kill every last one of those men before morning!" <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/1_samuel/25.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />May the LORD do this to the enemies of David —and more also—if by the morning I've left alive a single male of all those who belong to him."<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/1_samuel/25.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />May God punish David, and ever so severely, if I let one male belonging to Nabal survive until morning.?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/1_samuel/25.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />God will severely punish David, if I leave alive until morning even one male from all those who belong to him!" <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/1_samuel/25.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />God do so to David, and more also, if I leave of all that belongs to him by the morning light so much as one who urinates on a wall."<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/1_samuel/25.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />So and more also do God to the enemies of David, if I leave of all that pertain to him by the morning light any male person.)<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/1_samuel/25.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />God do so to the enemies of David, and more also, if I leave of all that belongs to him by the morning light so much as one who urinates on a wall.” <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/1_samuel/25.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />thus God does to the enemies of David, and thus He adds, if I leave of all that he has until the morning light—of those sitting on the wall.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/1_samuel/25.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> thus doth God do to the enemies of David, and thus He doth add, if I leave of all that he hath till the light of the morning -- of those sitting on the wall.'<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/1_samuel/25.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />Thus will God do the enemies of David and thus will he add if I shall leave from all which is to him till the light of the morning, him pissing against the wall.)<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/1_samuel/25.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />May God do so and so, and add more to the foes of David, if I leave of all that belong to him till the morning, any that pisseth against the wall. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/1_samuel/25.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />May God do these things, by the enemies of David, and may he add these other things, if I leave behind until morning, out of all that belongs to him, anything that urinates against a wall.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/1_samuel/25.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />May God do thus to David, and more, if by morning I leave a single male alive among all those who belong to him.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/1_samuel/25.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />God do so to David and more also, if by morning I leave so much as one male of all who belong to him.”<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/1_samuel/25.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />The LORD do so and more also to his servant David, if I leave of all that belongs to him by morning any mature male.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/1_samuel/25.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />Thus may LORD JEHOVAH do to his Servant David, and thus he will add to him if anything he has that forms a wall will be left until the morning!”<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/1_samuel/25.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />God do so unto the enemies of David, and more also, if I leave of all that pertain to him by the morning light so much as one male.'--<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/1_samuel/25.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />So God do to David and more also, if I leave one male of all that belong to Nabal until the morning.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/1_samuel/25-22.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/H8oQfYUMRZg?start=7521" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/1_samuel/25.htm">Abigail Intercedes for Nabal</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">21</span>Now David had just finished saying, “In vain I have protected all that belonged to this man in the wilderness. Nothing that belongs to him has gone missing, yet he has paid me back evil for good. <span class="reftext">22</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/430.htm" title="430: ’ĕ·lō·hîm (N-mp) -- Plural of 'elowahh; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used of the supreme God">May God</a> <a href="/hebrew/3541.htm" title="3541: kōh- (Adv) -- Thus, here. From the prefix k and huw'; properly, like this, i.e. By implication, thus; also here; or now.">punish</a> <a href="/hebrew/6213.htm" title="6213: ya·‘ă·śeh (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms) -- To do, make. A primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1732.htm" title="1732: ḏā·wiḏ (N-proper-ms) -- Perhaps beloved one, a son of Jesse. Rarely; Daviyd; from the same as dowd; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse.">David,</a> <a href="/hebrew/341.htm" title="341: lə·’ō·yə·ḇê (Prep-l:: V-Qal-Prtcpl-mpc) -- Hating, an adversary. Or owyeb; active participle of 'ayab; hating; an adversary."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3541.htm" title="3541: wə·ḵōh (Conj-w:: Adv) -- Thus, here. From the prefix k and huw'; properly, like this, i.e. By implication, thus; also here; or now.">and ever so</a> <a href="/hebrew/3254.htm" title="3254: yō·sîp̄ (V-Hifil-Imperf-3ms) -- To add. A primitive root; to add or augment.">severely,</a> <a href="/hebrew/518.htm" title="518: ’im- (Conj) -- If. A primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!">if I let</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: mik·kāl (Prep-m:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">one</a> <a href="/hebrew/834.htm" title="834: ’ă·šer- (Pro-r) -- Who, which, that. A primitive relative pronoun; who, which, what, that; also when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.">of Nabal’s men</a> <a href="/hebrew/lōw (Prep:: 3ms) -- "></a> <a href="/hebrew/7604.htm" title="7604: ’aš·’îr (V-Hifil-Imperf-1cs) -- To remain, be left over. A primitive root; properly, to swell up, i.e. Be redundant.">survive</a> <a href="/hebrew/5704.htm" title="5704: ‘aḏ- (Prep) -- As far as, even to, up to, until, while. Properly, the same as ad; as far as, whether of space or time or degree.">until</a> <a href="/hebrew/1242.htm" title="1242: hab·bō·qer (Art:: N-ms) -- Morn- ing. From baqar; properly, dawn; generally, morning.">morning.”</a> <a href="/hebrew/8366.htm" title="8366: maš·tîn (V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- To urinate. A primitive root; to make water, i.e. Urinate."></a> <a href="/hebrew/7023.htm" title="7023: bə·qîr (Prep-b:: N-ms) -- A wall. Or qir; or qiyrah; from quwr; a wall."></a> </span><span class="reftext">23</span>When Abigail saw David, she quickly got off the donkey, fell facedown, and bowed before him.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_samuel/24-21.htm">1 Samuel 24:21</a></span><br />So now, swear to me by the LORD that you will not cut off my descendants or wipe out my name from my father’s house.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_samuel/26-10.htm">1 Samuel 26:10</a></span><br />David added, “As surely as the LORD lives, the LORD Himself will strike him down; either his day will come and he will die, or he will go into battle and perish.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/3-9.htm">2 Samuel 3:9</a></span><br />May God punish Abner, and ever so severely, if I do not do for David what the LORD has sworn to him:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/3-35.htm">2 Samuel 3:35</a></span><br />Then all the people came and urged David to eat something while it was still day, but David took an oath, saying, “May God punish me, and ever so severely, if I taste bread or anything else before the sun sets!”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_samuel/19-13.htm">2 Samuel 19:13</a></span><br />And say to Amasa, ‘Aren’t you my flesh and blood? May God punish me, and ever so severely, if from now on you are not the commander of my army in place of Joab!’”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/2-23.htm">1 Kings 2:23</a></span><br />Then King Solomon swore by the LORD: “May God punish me, and ever so severely, if Adonijah has not made this request at the expense of his life.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/19-2.htm">1 Kings 19:2</a></span><br />So Jezebel sent a messenger to Elijah, saying, “May the gods deal with me, and ever so severely, if by this time tomorrow I have not made your life like the lives of those you killed!”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/6-31.htm">2 Kings 6:31</a></span><br />He announced, “May God punish me, and ever so severely, if the head of Elisha son of Shaphat remains on his shoulders through this day!”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ruth/1-17.htm">Ruth 1:17</a></span><br />Where you die, I will die, and there I will be buried. May the LORD punish me, and ever so severely, if anything but death separates you and me.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/job/31-30.htm">Job 31:30</a></span><br />I have not allowed my mouth to sin by asking for his life with a curse—<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/7-16.htm">Psalm 7:16</a></span><br />His trouble recoils on himself, and his violence falls on his own head.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/109-17.htm">Psalm 109:17-18</a></span><br />The cursing that he loved, may it fall on him; the blessing in which he refused to delight, may it be far from him. / The cursing that he wore like a coat, may it soak into his body like water, and into his bones like oil.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/proverbs/20-22.htm">Proverbs 20:22</a></span><br />Do not say, “I will avenge this evil!” Wait on the LORD, and He will save you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/proverbs/24-29.htm">Proverbs 24:29</a></span><br />Do not say, “I will do to him as he has done to me; I will repay the man according to his work.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/18-20.htm">Jeremiah 18:20</a></span><br />Should good be repaid with evil? Yet they have dug a pit for me. Remember how I stood before You to speak good on their behalf, to turn Your wrath from them.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">So and more also do God to the enemies of David, if I leave of all that pertain to him by the morning light any that urinates against the wall.</p><p class="hdg">So and more.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_samuel/25-32.htm">1 Samuel 25:32-34</a></b></br> And David said to Abigail, Blessed <i>be</i> the LORD God of Israel, which sent thee this day to meet me: … </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_samuel/3-17.htm">1 Samuel 3:17</a></b></br> And he said, What <i>is</i> the thing that <i>the LORD</i> hath said unto thee? I pray thee hide <i>it</i> not from me: God do so to thee, and more also, if thou hide <i>any</i> thing from me of all the things that he said unto thee.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_samuel/14-44.htm">1 Samuel 14:44</a></b></br> And Saul answered, God do so and more also: for thou shalt surely die, Jonathan.</p><p class="hdg">if I leave</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_samuel/25-34.htm">1 Samuel 25:34</a></b></br> For in very deed, <i>as</i> the LORD God of Israel liveth, which hath kept me back from hurting thee, except thou hadst hasted and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal by the morning light any that pisseth against the wall.</p><p class="hdg">any that pisseth, etc.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_kings/14-10.htm">1 Kings 14:10</a></b></br> Therefore, behold, I will bring evil upon the house of Jeroboam, and will cut off from Jeroboam him that pisseth against the wall, <i>and</i> him that is shut up and left in Israel, and will take away the remnant of the house of Jeroboam, as a man taketh away dung, till it be all gone.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_kings/16-11.htm">1 Kings 16:11</a></b></br> And it came to pass, when he began to reign, as soon as he sat on his throne, <i>that</i> he slew all the house of Baasha: he left him not one that pisseth against a wall, neither of his kinsfolks, nor of his friends.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_kings/21-21.htm">1 Kings 21:21</a></b></br> Behold, I will bring evil upon thee, and will take away thy posterity, and will cut off from Ahab him that pisseth against the wall, and him that is shut up and left in Israel,</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/1_samuel/20-13.htm">Add</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-14.htm">Alive</a> <a href="/judges/19-12.htm">Belong</a> <a href="/1_samuel/17-1.htm">Belongs</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-21.htm">David</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-13.htm">Deal</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-16.htm">Enemies</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-28.htm">Leave</a> <a href="/1_samuel/8-16.htm">Male</a> <a href="/1_samuel/1-11.htm">Man-Child</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-35.htm">Morning</a> <a href="/numbers/4-16.htm">Pertain</a> <a href="/2_kings/9-8.htm">Pisseth</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-13.htm">Punishment</a> <a href="/1_samuel/20-13.htm">Severely</a> <a href="/1_samuel/24-3.htm">Sitting</a> <a href="/2_kings/9-8.htm">Urinates</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-16.htm">Wall</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/2_samuel/3-9.htm">Add</a> <a href="/1_samuel/27-9.htm">Alive</a> <a href="/1_samuel/30-13.htm">Belong</a> <a href="/1_samuel/27-6.htm">Belongs</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-23.htm">David</a> <a href="/2_samuel/3-9.htm">Deal</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-26.htm">Enemies</a> <a href="/1_samuel/27-9.htm">Leave</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-34.htm">Male</a> <a href="/1_kings/14-10.htm">Man-Child</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-34.htm">Morning</a> <a href="/jeremiah/49-12.htm">Pertain</a> <a href="/1_kings/14-10.htm">Pisseth</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-33.htm">Punishment</a> <a href="/1_samuel/31-3.htm">Severely</a> <a href="/2_samuel/18-24.htm">Sitting</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-34.htm">Urinates</a> <a href="/1_samuel/25-34.htm">Wall</a><div class="vheading2">1 Samuel 25</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-1.htm">Samuel dies</a></span><br><span class="reftext">2. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-2.htm">David in Paran sends to Nabal</a></span><br><span class="reftext">10. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-10.htm">Provoked by Nabal's rudeness, he minds to destroy him</a></span><br><span class="reftext">14. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-14.htm">Abigail understanding thereof</a></span><br><span class="reftext">18. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-18.htm">takes a present</a></span><br><span class="reftext">23. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-23.htm">and by her wisdom</a></span><br><span class="reftext">32. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-32.htm">pacifies David</a></span><br><span class="reftext">36. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-36.htm">Nabal hearing thereof, dies</a></span><br><span class="reftext">39. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-39.htm">David takes Abigail and Ahinoam to be his wives</a></span><br><span class="reftext">44. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/1_samuel/25-44.htm">Michal is given to Phalti</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/25.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/1_samuel/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/1_samuel/25.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>May God punish David, and ever so severely</b><br>This phrase reflects the seriousness of David's oath, invoking divine retribution upon himself if he fails to carry out his intention. In the ancient Near Eastern context, oaths were solemn and binding, often invoking the name of God to underscore their gravity. This reflects the cultural practice of swearing by a higher power to ensure the truthfulness and commitment to one's word. The invocation of divine punishment is reminiscent of other biblical instances where individuals call upon God to witness their vows, such as in <a href="/ruth/1-17.htm">Ruth 1:17</a>, where Ruth makes a similar oath to Naomi. This highlights the weight of David's words and his determination to act against Nabal.<p><b>if I let one male belonging to Nabal survive until morning.</b><br>David's intention to destroy all males in Nabal's household is indicative of the severe retribution he planned in response to Nabal's insult and refusal to provide provisions. This reflects the cultural norms of honor and shame in the ancient Near East, where an affront to one's honor could lead to violent retribution. The phrase "one male" is a translation of a Hebrew idiom that literally means "one who urinates against the wall," a derogatory term for males. This idiom is used elsewhere in the Old Testament, such as in <a href="/1_kings/14-10.htm">1 Kings 14:10</a>, to denote a complete eradication of a male line. David's reaction can be seen as excessive, highlighting his human frailty and foreshadowing the need for divine intervention to prevent unnecessary bloodshed. This incident also prefigures the role of Abigail, Nabal's wife, who acts as a type of Christ by interceding and bringing peace, thus preventing David from committing a grave sin.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/d/david.htm">David</a></b><br>The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel, who is currently on the run from King Saul. In this passage, David is reacting in anger to Nabal's insult and refusal to provide provisions.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/n/nabal.htm">Nabal</a></b><br>A wealthy but foolish man whose name means "fool" in Hebrew. He is married to Abigail and refuses to help David and his men, despite their protection of his shepherds.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/a/abigail.htm">Abigail</a></b><br>Nabal's wise and discerning wife who later intervenes to prevent David from committing bloodshed.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/c/carmel.htm">Carmel</a></b><br>The location where Nabal's estate is situated. It is a region in Judah known for its fertile land.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/d/david's_men.htm">David's Men</a></b><br>The group of warriors loyal to David, who are in need of provisions while they are on the run.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_danger_of_rash_vows.htm">The Danger of Rash Vows</a></b><br>David's oath in anger shows the danger of making rash vows. As believers, we should be cautious with our words, especially when driven by emotion.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_intercessors.htm">The Role of Intercessors</a></b><br>Abigail's intervention is a powerful example of how God can use wise and discerning individuals to prevent sin and promote peace.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_justice.htm">God's Sovereignty in Justice</a></b><br>David's initial desire for personal vengeance is contrasted with the biblical principle that vengeance belongs to the Lord. Trusting God to handle justice can prevent unnecessary conflict.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_power_of_humility_and_wisdom.htm">The Power of Humility and Wisdom</a></b><br>Abigail's approach to David with humility and wisdom demonstrates how these qualities can defuse potentially violent situations.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/r/repentance_and_change.htm">Repentance and Change</a></b><br>David's eventual change of heart, influenced by Abigail, shows the importance of being open to correction and willing to change course when confronted with truth.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_1_samuel_25.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 1 Samuel 25</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_does_'pisseth'_imply_about_gender.htm">What does "pisseth against the wall" indicate about gender roles?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/who_was_high_priest_when_david_ate_bread.htm">Who was high priest when David went into the House of GOD and ate the consecrated bread? Abiathar (Mark 2:26) Ahimelech, the father of Abiathar (I Samuel 1:1; 22:20)</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_isn't_david's_temple_ban_reason_given.htm">Why does God forbid David from building the temple in 1 Chronicles 22:8 but never give that explicit reason in the parallel accounts (e.g., 2 Samuel 7)?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/who_made_david_count_israel's_troops.htm">Who incited David to count the fighting men of Israel? God did (2 Samuel 24: 1) Satan did (I Chronicles 2 1:1)</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/1_samuel/25.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(22) <span class= "bld">So and more also.</span>--This is an unusual variation of the common form of imprecation, "God do so to me and more also, if, &c, &c." The Syriac and Arabic Versions, followed by some commentators, instead of "enemies of David," read "his servant David." The LXX., as usual, boldly cuts the knot by leaving out the word of difficulty, and reads "David" simply, omitting "enemies." But there is no doubt that the Hebrew text here is correct. The words signify David himself. If God's anger for the broken vow visited even David's enemies, as distantly connected with him, how much more the guilty oath breaker himself? (This was Raschi's explanation for a similar expression in Jonathan's oath, <a href="/1_samuel/20-16.htm" title="So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, Let the LORD even require it at the hand of David's enemies.">1Samuel 20:16</a>.) "A superstitious feeling probably lay at the root of this substitution of David's enemies for himself, when thus invoking a curse" (Dean Payne Smith, in the <span class= "ital">Pulpit Commentary</span>)<span class= "ital">. </span>Bishop Wordsworth here draws a good lesson on the non-obligation to keep a solemn oath, taken perhaps in a moment of undue excitement, and instances the evil example of Herod Antipas, who considered himself bound to carry out to the bitter end his rash oath to the daughter of Herodias, though it involved the death of John the Baptist, his former friend.<p><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/1_samuel/25-22.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">May God</span><br /><span class="heb">אֱלֹהִ֛ים</span> <span class="translit">(’ĕ·lō·hîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_430.htm">Strong's 430: </a> </span><span class="str2">gods -- the supreme God, magistrates, a superlative</span><br /><br /><span class="word">punish</span><br /><span class="heb">כֹּה־</span> <span class="translit">(kōh-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3541.htm">Strong's 3541: </a> </span><span class="str2">Like this, thus, here, now</span><br /><br /><span class="word">David,</span><br /><span class="heb">דָוִ֖ד</span> <span class="translit">(ḏā·wiḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1732.htm">Strong's 1732: </a> </span><span class="str2">David -- perhaps 'beloved one', a son of Jesse</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and ever so</span><br /><span class="heb">וְכֹ֣ה</span> <span class="translit">(wə·ḵōh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Adverb<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3541.htm">Strong's 3541: </a> </span><span class="str2">Like this, thus, here, now</span><br /><br /><span class="word">severely,</span><br /><span class="heb">יֹסִ֑יף</span> <span class="translit">(yō·sîp̄)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3254.htm">Strong's 3254: </a> </span><span class="str2">To add, augment</span><br /><br /><span class="word">if {I let}</span><br /><span class="heb">אִם־</span> <span class="translit">(’im-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunction<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_518.htm">Strong's 518: </a> </span><span class="str2">Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not</span><br /><br /><span class="word">one</span><br /><span class="heb">מִכָּל־</span> <span class="translit">(mik·kāl)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> </span><span class="str2">The whole, all, any, every</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of his men</span><br /><span class="heb">מַשְׁתִּ֥ין</span> <span class="translit">(maš·tîn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8366.htm">Strong's 8366: </a> </span><span class="str2">To make water, urinate</span><br /><br /><span class="word">survive</span><br /><span class="heb">אַשְׁאִ֧יר</span> <span class="translit">(’aš·’îr)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7604.htm">Strong's 7604: </a> </span><span class="str2">To swell up, be, redundant</span><br /><br /><span class="word">until</span><br /><span class="heb">עַד־</span> <span class="translit">(‘aḏ-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5704.htm">Strong's 5704: </a> </span><span class="str2">As far as, even to, up to, until, while</span><br /><br /><span class="word">morning.”</span><br /><span class="heb">הַבֹּ֖קֶר</span> <span class="translit">(hab·bō·qer)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1242.htm">Strong's 1242: </a> </span><span class="str2">Dawn, morning</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/1_samuel/25-22.htm">1 Samuel 25:22 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/1_samuel/25-22.htm">OT History: 1 Samuel 25:22 God do so to the enemies (1Sa iSam 1 Sam i sa) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/1_samuel/25-21.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="1 Samuel 25:21"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 25:21" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/1_samuel/25-23.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="1 Samuel 25:23"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="1 Samuel 25:23" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>