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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Founding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-University_beginnings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_beginnings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>University beginnings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_beginnings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_university" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_university"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>State university</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_university-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restructuring_and_growth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restructuring_and_growth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Restructuring and growth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restructuring_and_growth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Campus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Campus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Campus subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Campus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Campus_layout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus_layout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Campus layout</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campus_layout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Facilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Institutional_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institutional_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Institutional structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Institutional_structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Institutional structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Institutional_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Academics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Academics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Academics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rankings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rankings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Rankings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rankings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Student life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Student life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Student_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Art,_music_and_theatre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art,_music_and_theatre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Art, music and theatre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art,_music_and_theatre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Housing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Housing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Housing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Housing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Traditions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Traditions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Traditions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Cougar_Paw" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Cougar_Paw"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>The Cougar Paw</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Cougar_Paw-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Athletics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Athletics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Athletics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Athletics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Athletics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Varsity_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Varsity_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Varsity sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Varsity_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Reference notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Houston</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86" title="جامعة هيوستن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة هيوستن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="هیوستون بیلیم‌یوردو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هیوستون بیلیم‌یوردو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="হিউস্টন বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হিউস্টন বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%E2%80%99%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Х’юстанскі ўніверсітэт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Х’юстанскі ўніверсітэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitat_de_Houston" title="Universitat de Houston – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Universitat de Houston" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Houston" title="University of Houston – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="University of Houston" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Houston" title="University of Houston – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="University of Houston" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Houston" title="University of Houston – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="University of Houston" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Houston" title="Universidad de Houston – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Universidad de Houston" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitato_de_Houston" title="Universitato de Houston – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Universitato de Houston" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="دانشگاه هیوستون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه هیوستون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Houston" title="Université de Houston – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université de Houston" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_di_Houston" title="Università di Houston – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Università di Houston" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="אוניברסיטת יוסטון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוניברסיטת יוסטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86" title="جامعة هيوستن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة هيوستن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Houston" title="University of Houston – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="University of Houston" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Houston" title="University of Houston – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="University of Houston" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_de_Houston" title="Universidade de Houston – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Universidade de Houston" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8C%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Хьюстонский университет – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хьюстонский университет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Houston" title="University of Houston – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="University of Houston" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerza_v_Houstonu" title="Univerza v Houstonu – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Univerza v Houstonu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houstonin_yliopisto" title="Houstonin yliopisto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Houstonin yliopisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibersidad_ng_Houston" title="Unibersidad ng Houston – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unibersidad ng Houston" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஹியூஸ்டன் பல்கலைக்கழகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஹியூஸ்டன் பல்கலைக்கழகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houston_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Houston Üniversitesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Houston Üniversitesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A5%27%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Університет Х'юстона – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Університет Х'юстона" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=University_of_Houston&params=29.7189_N_95.3392_W_type:edu_region:US-TX"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°43′08″N</span> <span class="longitude">95°20′21″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.7189°N 95.3392°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">29.7189; -95.3392</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State university in Houston, Texas, US</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the research university. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="University of Houston (disambiguation)">University of Houston (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/University_of_Houston" title="Special:EditPage/University of Houston">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22University+of+Houston%22">"University of Houston"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22University+of+Houston%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22University+of+Houston%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22University+of+Houston%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22University+of+Houston%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22University+of+Houston%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">University of Houston</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Houston_seal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/77/University_of_Houston_seal.svg/150px-University_of_Houston_seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/77/University_of_Houston_seal.svg/225px-University_of_Houston_seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/77/University_of_Houston_seal.svg/300px-University_of_Houston_seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="249" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Seal of University of Houston</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other names</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">UH, U of H, or Houston</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former names</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Houston Junior College<br />(1927–1934)<br />University of Houston–University Park<br />(1983–1991)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">In Tempore</i></span></i> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">"In Time"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">March 7, 1927<span class="noprint">;<br />97 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1927-03-07</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edison_E._Oberholtzer" title="Edison E. Oberholtzer">Edison E. Oberholtzer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent institution</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_System" title="University of Houston System">University of Houston System</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_accreditation" title="Higher education accreditation">Accreditation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Association_of_Colleges_and_Schools" title="Southern Association of Colleges and Schools">SACS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd 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ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Cities%27_Universities" title="Great Cities' Universities">GCU</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Oak_Ridge_Associated_Universities" title="Oak Ridge Associated Universities">ORAU</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Universities_Research_Association" title="Universities Research Association">URA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_of_Urban_Serving_Universities" title="Coalition of Urban Serving Universities">USU</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data">$785.77 million (2023)<br />(UH only)<sup id="cite_ref-UHEndowment_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHEndowment-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />$1.02 billion (2023)<br />(system-wide)<sup id="cite_ref-UHEndowment_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHEndowment-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$1.47 billion (FY2024)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Renu_Khator" title="Renu Khator">Renu Khator</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Provost_(education)" title="Provost (education)">Provost</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Diane Z. Chase<sup id="cite_ref-UH_Provost_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UH_Provost-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Academic staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,263 (Fall 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-UHFacts_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHFacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">46,676 (Fall 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-UHFacts_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHFacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">37,356 (Fall 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-UHFacts_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHFacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">8,612 (Fall 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-UHFacts_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHFacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other students</div></th><td class="infobox-data">708 (Fall 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-UHFacts_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHFacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="state"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">United States</div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=University_of_Houston&params=29.7189_N_95.3392_W_type:edu_region:US-TX"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°43′08″N</span> <span class="longitude">95°20′21″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.7189°N 95.3392°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">29.7189; -95.3392</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Large city<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, 894 acres (362 hectares)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Other campuses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Land,_Texas" title="Sugar Land, Texas">Sugar Land</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Katy,_Texas" title="Katy, Texas">Katy</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Newspaper</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cougar_(newspaper)" title="The Cougar (newspaper)">The Cougar</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colors</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C8102E; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Scarlet_(color)" title="Scarlet (color)">Scarlet Red</a> <br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/White" title="White">Albino White</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Athletic_nickname" title="Athletic nickname">Nickname</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars" title="Houston Cougars">Cougars</a></li><li>Coogs</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Sporting affiliations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_FBS" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA Division I FBS">NCAA Division I FBS</a> – <br /> <a href="/wiki/Big_12_Conference" title="Big 12 Conference">Big 12</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Mascot</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shasta_(mascot)" title="Shasta (mascot)">Shasta and Sasha</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uh.edu/">uh<wbr />.edu</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Houston_full_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/University_of_Houston_full_logo.svg/200px-University_of_Houston_full_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/University_of_Houston_full_logo.svg/300px-University_of_Houston_full_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/University_of_Houston_full_logo.svg/400px-University_of_Houston_full_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="51" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>University of Houston</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/juː/: 'u' in 'cute'">juː</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/71\/En-us-Houston.ogg\/En-us-Houston.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-Houston.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/En-us-Houston.ogg/En-us-Houston.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Houston.ogg" title="File:En-us-Houston.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">HEW</span>-stən</i></a>) is a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> in <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, Texas. It was established in 1927 as <b>Houston Junior College</b>, a <a href="/wiki/Coeducational" class="mw-redirect" title="Coeducational">coeducational</a> institution and one of multiple <a href="/wiki/Junior_colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="Junior colleges">junior colleges</a> formed in the first decades of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Community_Colleges_in_America:_A_Historical_Perspective_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Community_Colleges_in_America:_A_Historical_Perspective-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Community_Colleges-The_History_of_Community_Colleges,_The_junior_college_and_the_research_university.,_The_Community_College_Mission_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Community_Colleges-The_History_of_Community_Colleges,_The_junior_college_and_the_research_university.,_The_Community_College_Mission-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1934, HJC was restructured as a four-year degree-granting institution and renamed as the <b>University of Houston</b>. In 1977, it became the founding member of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_System" title="University of Houston System">University of Houston System</a>. Today, Houston is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Texas_by_enrollment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of universities in Texas by enrollment"><span class="nowrap">fourth-largest</span> university in Texas</a>, awarding 11,156 degrees in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-UHFacts_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UHFacts-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2024, it has a worldwide alumni base of 331,672.<sup id="cite_ref-Alumni_Information_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alumni_Information-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university consists of fifteen colleges and an interdisciplinary honors college offering some 310-degree programs and enrolls approximately 37,000 undergraduate and 8,600 graduate students.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The university's campus, which is primarily in southeast Houston, spans 894 acres (3.62 km<sup>2</sup>), with the inclusion of its two instructional sites located in <a href="/wiki/Sugar_Land" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar Land">Sugar Land</a> and <a href="/wiki/Katy,_Texas" title="Katy, Texas">Katy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fall_2021_Facts_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fall_2021_Facts-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The university is also the founding campus of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_System" title="University of Houston System">University of Houston System</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university is <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Classification_of_Institutions_of_Higher_Education" title="Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education">classified</a> among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity"<sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research_2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_3_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research_3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and spends approximately $240 million annually in research. The university operates more than 35 research centers and institutes on campus<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Houston:_Research_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Houston:_Research-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Houston:_About_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Houston:_About-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in areas such as <a href="/wiki/Superconductivity" title="Superconductivity">superconductivity</a>, space commercialization and exploration, <a href="/wiki/Biomedical" class="mw-redirect" title="Biomedical">biomedical</a> sciences and engineering, energy and natural resources, and <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>. </p><p>The university has more than 500 student organizations and 17 intercollegiate sports teams.<sup id="cite_ref-UH_at_a_Glance_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UH_at_a_Glance-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its varsity athletic teams, known as the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars" title="Houston Cougars">Houston Cougars</a>, are members of the <a href="/wiki/Big_12_Conference" title="Big 12 Conference">Big 12 Conference</a> and compete in the <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I" title="NCAA Division I">NCAA Division I</a> in all sports. In 2021, the university received and accepted an invitation to join the Big 12 Conference.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The football team regularly makes <a href="/wiki/Bowl_game" title="Bowl game">bowl game</a> appearances, and the men's basketball team has made 23 appearances in the <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_men%27s_basketball_tournament" title="NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament">NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament</a>—including six <a href="/wiki/Elite_Eight" title="Elite Eight">Elite Eight</a> and <a href="/wiki/Final_Four" class="mw-redirect" title="Final Four">Final Four</a> appearances. The men's golf team has won <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Men%27s_Golf_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship">16 national championships</a>—the most in NCAA history.<sup id="cite_ref-Fall_2021_Facts_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fall_2021_Facts-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, UH's men's track and field team earned its <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Division_I_Men%27s_Indoor_Track_and_Field_Championships" title="NCAA Division I Men's Indoor Track and Field Championships">seventh Indoor Conference Championship title</a>, and its swimming and diving team defended its <a href="/wiki/American_Athletic_Conference" title="American Athletic Conference">American Athletic Conference</a> title for the sixth straight season.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding">Founding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The University of Houston began as Houston Junior College (HJC). On March 7, 1927, trustees of the Board of Education of the Houston Independent School District (HISD) unanimously signed a charter founding the junior college. The junior college was operated and administered by HISD.<sup id="cite_ref-Handbook_of_Texas_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handbook_of_Texas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Homecoming_2007_Timeline_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Homecoming_2007_Timeline-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>HJC was originally located on the San Jacinto High School campus and offered only night courses to train future teachers.<sup id="cite_ref-UH_Through_Time:_Events_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UH_Through_Time:_Events-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its first class began June 5, 1927, with an enrollment of 232 students and 12 faculty recruited from Rice University, the University of Texas and Sam Houston State Teacher's College.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first session accepted no freshman students, and its purpose was to mainly educate future teachers about the college.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the fall semester, HJC opened enrolled to high school students. By then, the college had 230 students and eight faculty members holding evening classes at San Jacinto High School and day classes in area churches.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>HJC's first president was <a href="/wiki/Edison_E._Oberholtzer" title="Edison E. Oberholtzer">Edison Ellsworth Oberholtzer</a>, who was the dominant force in establishing the junior college.<sup id="cite_ref-Handbook_of_Texas_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handbook_of_Texas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Houston_in_1934.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/86/University_of_Houston_in_1934.jpg/220px-University_of_Houston_in_1934.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/86/University_of_Houston_in_1934.jpg/330px-University_of_Houston_in_1934.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/86/University_of_Houston_in_1934.jpg 2x" data-file-width="387" data-file-height="258" /></a><figcaption>UH held its first classes at San Jacinto High School in 1927</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_beginnings">University beginnings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: University beginnings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The junior college became eligible to become a university in October 1933 when the governor of Texas, <a href="/wiki/Miriam_A._Ferguson" title="Miriam A. Ferguson">Miriam A. Ferguson</a>, signed House Bill 194 into law. On September 11, 1933, Houston's Board of Education adopted a resolution to make HJC a four-year institution and changing its name to the University of Houston.<sup id="cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roarin_07-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unanimously approved by the board, the formal charter of UH was passed April 30, 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>UH's first session as a four-year institution began June 4, 1934, at San Jacinto High School with an enrollment of 682. By the fall semester it had 909 students enrolled in classes taught by 39 faculty members in three colleges and schools – College of Arts and Sciences, College of Community Service and General College.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1934, the first campus of the University of Houston was established at the Second Baptist Church at Milam and McGowen. The next fall, the campus was moved to the South Main Baptist Church on Main Street—between Richmond Avenue and Eagle Street—where it stayed for the next five years.<sup id="cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roarin_07-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 1935, the institution as a university held its first commencement at <a href="/wiki/Miller_Outdoor_Theatre" title="Miller Outdoor Theatre">Miller Outdoor Theatre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston_309_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston_309-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roy_Gustav_Cullen_Building.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Roy_Gustav_Cullen_Building.JPG/220px-Roy_Gustav_Cullen_Building.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Roy_Gustav_Cullen_Building.JPG/330px-Roy_Gustav_Cullen_Building.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Roy_Gustav_Cullen_Building.JPG/440px-Roy_Gustav_Cullen_Building.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>Built in 1939, the <a href="/wiki/Roy_G._Cullen_Building" title="Roy G. Cullen Building">Roy G. Cullen Building</a> is the first building on campus</figcaption></figure> <p>In the mission of finding UH a permanent home, heirs of philanthropists J. J. Settegast and <a href="/wiki/Ben_Taub" title="Ben Taub">Ben Taub</a> donated 110 acres (0.45 km<sup>2</sup>) to the university for use as a permanent location in 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this time, there was no road that led to the land tract, but in 1937, the city added Saint Bernard Street, which was later renamed to Cullen Boulevard.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston_309_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston_309-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It would become a major thoroughfare of the campus. As a project of the <a href="/wiki/National_Youth_Administration" title="National Youth Administration">National Youth Administration</a>, workers were paid fifty cents an hour to clear the land. In 1938, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Roy_Cullen" title="Hugh Roy Cullen">Hugh Roy Cullen</a> donated $335,000 (equivalent to $7,251,205.67 in 2023) for the first building to be built at the location. The <a href="/wiki/Roy_G._Cullen_Memorial_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Roy G. Cullen Memorial Building">Roy Gustav Cullen Memorial Building</a> was dedicated on June 4, 1939, and opened for classes officially on Wednesday, September 20, 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roarin_07-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building was the first air-conditioned college building constructed on a U.S. campus.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A year after opening the new campus, the university had over 2,000 students.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As World War II approached, enrollment decreased due to the draft and enlistments. The university was one of six colleges selected to train radio technicians in the <a href="/wiki/V-12_Navy_College_Training_Program" title="V-12 Navy College Training Program">V-12 Navy College Training Program</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the fall of 1943, there were only about 1,100 regular students at UH; thus, the 300 or so servicemen contributed in sustaining the faculty and facilities of the Engineering College. This training at UH continued until March 1945, with a total of 4,178 students.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 12, 1945, Senate Bill 207 was signed into law, removing the control of the University of Houston from HISD and placing it into the hands of a board of regents.<sup id="cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roarin_07-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1945, the university—which had grown too large and complex for the Houston school board to administer—became a private university.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_the_University_of_Houston_(1950).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Aerial_view_of_the_University_of_Houston_%281950%29.JPG/220px-Aerial_view_of_the_University_of_Houston_%281950%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Aerial_view_of_the_University_of_Houston_%281950%29.JPG/330px-Aerial_view_of_the_University_of_Houston_%281950%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Aerial_view_of_the_University_of_Houston_%281950%29.JPG/440px-Aerial_view_of_the_University_of_Houston_%281950%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="399" /></a><figcaption>University of Houston, circa 1950</figcaption></figure> <p>In March 1947, the regents authorized creation of a law school at the university. In 1949, the M.D. Anderson Foundation made a $1.5 million gift to UH for the construction of a dedicated library building on the campus. By 1950, the educational plant at UH consisted of 12 permanent buildings. Enrollment was more than 14,000 with a full-time faculty of more than 300.<sup id="cite_ref-Handbook_of_Texas_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handbook_of_Texas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/KUHF" title="KUHF">KUHF</a>, the university radio station, signed on in November. By 1951, UH had achieved the feat of being the second-largest university in the state of Texas.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_university">State university</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: State university"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A.D_Bruce_Religion_Center.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/A.D_Bruce_Religion_Center.JPG/220px-A.D_Bruce_Religion_Center.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/A.D_Bruce_Religion_Center.JPG/330px-A.D_Bruce_Religion_Center.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/A.D_Bruce_Religion_Center.JPG/440px-A.D_Bruce_Religion_Center.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3356" data-file-height="2237" /></a><figcaption>A.D. Bruce Religion Center, named after the university's third president</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1953, the university established <a href="/wiki/KUHT" title="KUHT">KUHT</a>—the first educational television station in the nation—after the four yearlong Federal Communications Commission's television licensing freeze ended.<sup id="cite_ref-Handbook_of_Texas_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handbook_of_Texas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, however, the university as a private institution was facing financial troubles. Tuition failed to cover rising costs, and in turn, tuition increases caused a drop in enrollment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> That's when it was proposed that UH become a state-funded university.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a lengthy battle between supporters of the University of Houston, led by school president <a href="/wiki/A.D._Bruce" class="mw-redirect" title="A.D. Bruce">A.D. Bruce</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-txarchives_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-txarchives-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and forces from state universities, including the University of Texas, geared to block the change, Senate Bill 2 was passed on May 23, 1961, enabling the university to enter the state system in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-Handbook_of_Texas_25-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handbook_of_Texas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beginning roughly during this period, UH became known as "Cougar High" because of its low academic standards, which the university leveraged to its advantage in recruiting athletes.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The University of Houston, initially reserved for white and non-black students, was racially desegregated circa the 1960s as part of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movements" title="Civil rights movements">civil rights movements</a>. A group of students called Afro-Americans for Black Liberation (AABL) advocated for desegregation in that period. Robinson Block, a UH undergraduate student writing for <i>Houston History Magazine</i>, stated that as local businesses and student organization remained segregated by race, the first group of black students "had a hard time".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the University of Houston celebrated its 50th anniversary, the Texas Legislature formally established the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_System" title="University of Houston System">University of Houston System</a> in 1977. <a href="/wiki/Philip_G._Hoffman" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip G. Hoffman">Philip G. Hoffman</a> resigned from his position as president of UH and became the first chancellor of the University of Houston System. The University of Houston became the oldest and largest member institution in the UH System with nearly 30,000 students. </p><p>On April 26, 1983, the university appended its official name to University of Houston–University Park; however, the name was changed back to University of Houston on August 26, 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Houston_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Houston-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This name change was an effort by the UH System to give its flagship institution a distinctive name that would eliminate confusion with the University of Houston–Downtown (UHD), which is a separate and distinct degree-granting institution that is not part of the University of Houston.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restructuring_and_growth">Restructuring and growth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Restructuring and growth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rebecca_and_John_J._Moores_School_of_Music.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rebecca_and_John_J._Moores_School_of_Music.JPG/220px-Rebecca_and_John_J._Moores_School_of_Music.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rebecca_and_John_J._Moores_School_of_Music.JPG/330px-Rebecca_and_John_J._Moores_School_of_Music.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rebecca_and_John_J._Moores_School_of_Music.JPG/440px-Rebecca_and_John_J._Moores_School_of_Music.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>Moores School of Music Building, constructed in 1997</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1997, the administrations of the UH System and the University of Houston were combined under a single chief executive officer, with the dual title of chancellor of the UH System and president of the University of Houston. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_K._Smith" title="Arthur K. Smith">Arthur K. Smith</a> became the first person to hold the combined position. Since 1997, the University of Houston System Administration has been located on campus in the <a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building" title="Ezekiel W. Cullen Building">Ezekiel W. Cullen Building</a>. </p><p>On October 15, 2007, <a href="/wiki/Renu_Khator" title="Renu Khator">Renu Khator</a> was selected for the position of UH System chancellor and UH president.<sup id="cite_ref-Noted_Political_Science_Scholar_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Noted_Political_Science_Scholar-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On November 5, 2007, Khator was confirmed as the third person to hold the dual title of UH System chancellor and UH president concurrently, and took office in January 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2011, the University of Houston was classified by the <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Foundation_for_the_Advancement_of_Teaching" title="Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching">Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching</a> as a research university with very high research activity.<sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research_2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_3_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research_3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus">Campus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Campus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building_(Alternate).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building_%28Alternate%29.JPG/220px-Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building_%28Alternate%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building_%28Alternate%29.JPG/330px-Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building_%28Alternate%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building_%28Alternate%29.JPG/440px-Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building_%28Alternate%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building" title="Ezekiel W. Cullen Building">Ezekiel W. Cullen Building</a></figcaption></figure> <p>UH is in southeast Houston, with an official address of 4800 Calhoun Road. It was known as University of <span class="nowrap">Houston–University Park</span> from 1983 to 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Houston_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Houston-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The campus spans 894 acres (3.62 km<sup>2</sup>) and is roughly bisected by Cullen Boulevard—a thoroughfare that has become synonymous with the university. The Third Ward Redevelopment Council defines the University of Houston as being part of the <a href="/wiki/Third_Ward,_Houston" title="Third Ward, Houston">Third Ward</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Melissa Correa of <a href="/wiki/KHOU" title="KHOU">KHOU</a> also stated that the university is in the Third Ward.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university campus includes numerous green spaces, fountains and sculptures, including a work by famed sculptor <a href="/wiki/Jim_Sanborn" title="Jim Sanborn">Jim Sanborn</a>. Renowned architects <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Pelli" title="César Pelli">César Pelli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson" title="Philip Johnson">Philip Johnson</a> have designed buildings on the UH campus.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent campus beautification projects have garnered awards from the Keep Houston Beautiful group for improvements made to the Cullen Boulevard corridor.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>UH is the flagship institution of the University of Houston System (UH System). It has additional instructional sites located in Sugar Land and Katy. The University of <span class="nowrap">Houston–Clear Lake</span> (UHCL), the University of Houston–Downtown (UHD), and the University of <span class="nowrap">Houston–Victoria</span> (UHV) are separate universities; they are not instructional sites of UH. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campus_layout">Campus layout</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Campus layout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Science_and_Engineering_Classroom.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Science_and_Engineering_Classroom.JPG/220px-Science_and_Engineering_Classroom.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Science_and_Engineering_Classroom.JPG/330px-Science_and_Engineering_Classroom.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Science_and_Engineering_Classroom.JPG/440px-Science_and_Engineering_Classroom.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2843" data-file-height="1895" /></a><figcaption>Science and Engineering Classroom Building</figcaption></figure> <p>The University of Houston's campus framework has identified the following five core districts: the Central District, the Arts District, the Professional District, the Residential District, and the Athletics District. In addition, the campus contains several outlying areas not identified among the five districts. </p><p>The Central Distinct contains the academic core of the university and consists of the M.D. Anderson Library, the College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Natural_Sciences_and_Mathematics" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics">College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics</a>, the College of Technology and the Honors College. The interior of the campus has the original buildings: the <a href="/wiki/Roy_G._Cullen_Building" title="Roy G. Cullen Building">Roy G. Cullen Building</a>, the Old Science Building, and the <a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building" title="Ezekiel W. Cullen Building">Ezekiel W. Cullen Building</a>. Academic and research facilities include the <a href="/wiki/Cullen_Performance_Hall" title="Cullen Performance Hall">Cullen Performance Hall</a>, the Science and Engineering Research and Classroom Complex, and <a href="/wiki/Texas_Center_for_Superconductivity" title="Texas Center for Superconductivity">Texas Center for Superconductivity</a> and various other science and liberal arts buildings. This area of campus features the reflecting pool at Cullen Family Plaza, the Lynn Eusan Park, and various plazas and green spaces. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Farish_Hall.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Farish_Hall.JPG/220px-Farish_Hall.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Farish_Hall.JPG/330px-Farish_Hall.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Farish_Hall.JPG/440px-Farish_Hall.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3639" data-file-height="2426" /></a><figcaption>Stephen Power Farish Hall</figcaption></figure> <p>The Arts District is located in the northern part of campus and is home to the university's <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_School_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston School of Art">School of Art</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Moores_School_of_Music" title="Moores School of Music">Moores School of Music</a>, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_School_of_Theatre_and_Dance" title="University of Houston School of Theatre and Dance">School of Theatre and Dance</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Hines_College_of_Architecture" title="Hines College of Architecture">Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture and Design</a>, and the Jack J. Valenti School of Communication. The district also has the Cynthia Woods Mitchell Center for the Performing Arts which houses the Lyndall Finley Wortham Theatre, the main stage of the School of Theatre and Dance, and Moores Opera Center. Other facilities include the Dudley Recital Hall and the Organ Recital Hall in the Fine Arts Building, the Quintero Theatre in the School of Theatre and Dance, and the Moores Opera House and Choral Recital Hall in the Moores School of Music Building. </p><p>The Professional District is located northeast and east of the university campus. The district has facilities of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Law_Center" title="University of Houston Law Center">University of Houston Law Center</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cullen_College_of_Engineering" title="Cullen College of Engineering">Cullen College of Engineering</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bauer_College_of_Business" title="Bauer College of Business">C.T. Bauer College of Business</a>. This area of campus is home to Calhoun Lofts, which is an upper-level and graduate housing facility. The East Parking Garage is located on the east end of the district. Adjacent to the district is the University Center (UC), the larger of two student unions on campus. </p><p>The Residential District is in the southern portion of the campus, along Wheeler Avenue and east of Martin Luther King Boulevard. This area has undergraduate dormitories, the <a href="/wiki/Hilton_College_of_Hotel_and_Restaurant_Management" title="Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management">Conrad N. Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management</a>, now Conrad N. Hilton College of Global Hospitality Leadership, and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Optometry" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Optometry">College of Optometry</a>. Dormitory facilities include the twin 18-story <a href="/wiki/Moody_Towers" title="Moody Towers">Moody Towers</a>, Cougar Village, University Lofts, Cougar Place, and the recently demolished Quadrangle which had the following five separate halls: Oberholtzer, Bates, Taub, Settegast, and Law. The Quadrangle was rebuilt in 2020 and renamed The Quad, admitting sophomore level students and up. Adjacent to the Moody Towers and Lynn Eusan Park is the Hilton University of Houston Hotel. </p><p>The Athletics District covers the northwest and west part of campus. It includes athletic training facilities for UH sport teams and its stadiums. The western part of the district is home to TDECU Stadium, the football indoor practice facility and the Stadium Parking Garage. Across the parking garage, in the northwestern portion of the district, is the Hofheinz Pavilion. In 2018, the stadium was rebuilt and renamed to the Fertitta Center after UH received a $20 million donation from entrepreneur and UH System Board of Regents chairman Tilman Fertitta. Facilities surrounding the stadium are Carl Lewis International Track & Field Complex, Cougar Field, Softball Stadium, the Alumni Center and the Athletic Center.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Facilities">Facilities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wortham_Theatre.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wortham_Theatre.JPG/220px-Wortham_Theatre.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wortham_Theatre.JPG/330px-Wortham_Theatre.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wortham_Theatre.JPG/440px-Wortham_Theatre.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>Lyndall Finley Wortham Theater</figcaption></figure> <p>The university's Energy Research Park is a research park specializing in energy research, consisting of 74 acres (0.30 km<sup>2</sup>) and 19 acres (0.077 km<sup>2</sup>) of undeveloped land.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much of the physical property was originally developed in 1953 by the oilfield services company <a href="/wiki/Schlumberger" title="Schlumberger">Schlumberger</a> as its global headquarters. It was acquired by the university in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Libraries" title="University of Houston Libraries">University of Houston Libraries</a> is the library system of the university. It consists of the M.D. Anderson Library and three branch libraries: the Music Library, William R. Jenkins Architecture, Design & Art Library and the Health Sciences Library. In addition to the libraries administered by the UH Libraries, the university also has the O'Quinn Law Library and the Conrad N. Hilton Library. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cullen_Performance_Hall" title="Cullen Performance Hall">Cullen Performance Hall</a> is a 1,612 seat proscenium theater which offers a variety of events sponsored by departments and organizations at the university in addition to contemporary music concerts, opera, modern dance, and theatrical performances put on by groups in and outside the Houston area.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Blaffer_Art_Museum" title="Blaffer Art Museum">Blaffer Art Museum</a>, a contemporary art museum, exhibits the works of both international artists and those of students in the university's <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_School_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston School of Art">School of Art</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UH_Recreation_and_Wellness_Center.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/UH_Recreation_and_Wellness_Center.jpg/220px-UH_Recreation_and_Wellness_Center.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/UH_Recreation_and_Wellness_Center.jpg/330px-UH_Recreation_and_Wellness_Center.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/UH_Recreation_and_Wellness_Center.jpg/440px-UH_Recreation_and_Wellness_Center.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1071" data-file-height="714" /></a><figcaption>Campus Recreation and Wellness Center</figcaption></figure> <p>The 264,000 square feet (24,500 m<sup>2</sup>) Campus Recreation and Wellness Center, which is home to the nation's largest collegiate natatorium, was recognized by the National Intramural-Sports Association as an outstanding facility upon its completion in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The LeRoy and Lucile Melcher Center for Public Broadcasting houses the studios and offices of <a href="/wiki/KUHT" title="KUHT">KUHT</a> Houston <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a>, the nation's first public television station;<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/KUHF" title="KUHF">KUHF</a> (88.7 FM), Houston's <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a> station; the Center for Public Policy Polling; and television studio labs. </p><p>The 200,000 sq ft (19,000 m<sup>2</sup>) Science and Engineering Complex (SEC) was designed by architect <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Pelli" title="César Pelli">César Pelli</a>'s firm, Pelli, Clarke & Partners.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It houses facilities for many interdisciplinary research programs at UH, including bionanotechnology. </p><p>The university has an on-campus Hilton hotel that is part of the <a href="/wiki/Hilton_College_of_Hotel_and_Restaurant_Management" title="Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management">Conrad N. Hilton College of Global Hospitality Leadership</a>. This hotel was established with a donation by the founder of Hilton Hotels, <a href="/wiki/Conrad_N._Hilton" class="mw-redirect" title="Conrad N. Hilton">Conrad N. Hilton</a>, and is staffed by students in the College of Global Hospitality Leadership. </p><p>The University of Houston operates a 250 acres (1.0 km<sup>2</sup>) branch campus in Sugar Land. The campus was founded in 1995 as a higher education "teaching center" of the University of Houston System. The branch campus has three buildings for exclusive use by the university: the Albert and Mamie George Building, Brazos Hall, and the College of Technology building. Additionally, the University Branch of the <a href="/wiki/Fort_Bend_County_Libraries" title="Fort Bend County Libraries">Fort Bend County Libraries</a> system is located on the campus for use by students and the Sugar Land community. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Institutional_structure">Institutional structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Institutional structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The University of Houston (UH) is one of four separate and distinct institutions in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_System" title="University of Houston System">University of Houston System</a>, and was known as University of <span class="nowrap">Houston–University Park</span> from 1983 to 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Houston_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Houston-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> UH is the flagship institution of the UH System. It is a multi-campus university with a branch campus located in Sugar Land. The University of Houston–Clear Lake (UHCL), the University of Houston–Downtown (UHD), and the University of Houston–Victoria (UHV) are stand-alone universities; they are not branch campuses of UH. </p><p>The organization and control of the UH is vested in the UH System Board of Regents. The board consists of nine members who are appointed by the governor for a six-year term and has all the rights, powers and duties that it has with respect to the organization and control of other institutions in the System; however, UH is maintained as a separate and distinct institution. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administration">Administration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_University_of_Houston" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the University of Houston">List of Presidents of the University of Houston</a></div> <p>The president is the chief executive officer (CEO) of the University of Houston, and serves concurrently as chancellor of the UH System. The position is appointed by its board of regents. As of January 2008, <a href="/wiki/Renu_Khator" title="Renu Khator">Renu Khator</a> has been president of the University of Houston and chancellor of the UH System. </p><p>The administrations of UH and the UH System are located on the university campus in the <a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building" title="Ezekiel W. Cullen Building">Ezekiel W. Cullen Building</a>. From 1961 until 1977, the Weingarten House in <a href="/wiki/Riverside_Terrace,_Houston" title="Riverside Terrace, Houston">Riverside Terrace</a> housed the president of UH.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently, the chancellor/president resides in the Wortham House in <a href="/wiki/Broadacres,_Houston" title="Broadacres, Houston">Broadacres Historic District</a>, provided by the UH System Board of Regents as part of the chancellor/president's employment contract.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academics">Academics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Academics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M.D._Anderson_Library.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/M.D._Anderson_Library.JPG/220px-M.D._Anderson_Library.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/M.D._Anderson_Library.JPG/330px-M.D._Anderson_Library.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/M.D._Anderson_Library.JPG/440px-M.D._Anderson_Library.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2766" data-file-height="1844" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Libraries" title="University of Houston Libraries">M.D. Anderson Library</a> is the general collection library of the university</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; font-size:90%; line-height:1.4em; width:20em;"> <tbody><tr style="background:red; color:white; text-align:center;"> <td><b>Colleges</b></td> <td><b>Founded</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>Junior College (defunct)</td> <td>1927 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>General College (defunct)</td> <td>1933 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>Graduate School</td> <td>1939 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/Cullen_College_of_Engineering" title="Cullen College of Engineering">Cullen College of Engineering</a></td> <td>1941 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Technology" title="University of Houston College of Technology">College of Technology</a> (defunct)</td> <td>1941 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>College of Arts and Sciences (defunct)</td> <td>1942 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/Bauer_College_of_Business" title="Bauer College of Business">Bauer College of Business</a></td> <td>1942 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>Downtown School (defunct)</td> <td>1943 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Education">College of Education</a></td> <td>1945 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Pharmacy" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Pharmacy">College of Pharmacy</a></td> <td>1946 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Law_Center" title="University of Houston Law Center">University of Houston Law Center</a></td> <td>1947 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>College of Nursing (defunct)</td> <td>1948 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Optometry" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Optometry">College of Optometry</a></td> <td>1952 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/Hines_College_of_Architecture" title="Hines College of Architecture">Hines College of Architecture and Design</a></td> <td>1956 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Graduate_College_of_Social_Work" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston Graduate College of Social Work">Graduate College of Social Work</a></td> <td>1967 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/Hilton_College_of_Hotel_and_Restaurant_Management" title="Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management">Hilton College of Global Hospitality Leadership</a></td> <td>1969 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>College of Continuing Education</td> <td>1974 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Natural_Sciences_and_Mathematics" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics">College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics</a></td> <td>1975 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>College of Social Science (defunct)</td> <td>1975 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>College of Humanities and Fine Arts (defunct)</td> <td>1975 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>Hobby School of Public Affairs</td> <td>1981 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>The Honors College</td> <td>1993 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Liberal_Arts_and_Social_Sciences" title="University of Houston College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences">College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences</a></td> <td>2000 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td>Gessner College of Nursing</td> <td>2015 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/Kathrine_G._McGovern_College_of_the_Arts" title="Kathrine G. McGovern College of the Arts">Kathrine G. McGovern College of the Arts</a></td> <td>2016 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Medicine" title="University of Houston College of Medicine">Fertitta Family College of Medicine</a></td> <td>2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:#B8B9B7;color:#000000;text-align:center;"><small>References<sup id="cite_ref-houstoncolleges_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-houstoncolleges-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The university offers over 310-degree programs. With final approval of a PhD in Communication Sciences and Disorders, a Doctorate in Nursing Practice, and a Doctorate in Medicine, university offers 51 doctoral degrees including three professional doctorate degrees in law, optometry, medicine and pharmacy.<sup id="cite_ref-University_of_Houston:_About_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-University_of_Houston:_About-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bachelor_Degrees_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bachelor_Degrees-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Master_Degrees_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Master_Degrees-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Doctoral_Degrees_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Doctoral_Degrees-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Special_Professional_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Special_Professional-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, UH System Board of Regents unanimously approved the addition of a new degree program of the Bachelor of Arts in Mexican American and Latino/a Applied Studies. Being located in a city with a large Hispanic/Latino population, the degree aims to focus on the experiences and contributions of the Latino community in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>UH is one of four public universities in Texas with a <a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Phi Beta Kappa Society">Phi Beta Kappa</a> chapter.<sup id="cite_ref-Phi_Beta_Kappa_Establishes_Chapter_at_UH_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Phi_Beta_Kappa_Establishes_Chapter_at_UH-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PBK_Chapter_Directory_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBK_Chapter_Directory-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The University of Houston's faculty includes National Medal of Science recipient <a href="/wiki/Paul_C._W._Chu" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul C. W. Chu">Paul Chu</a> from the <a href="/wiki/UH_Physics_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="UH Physics Department">Physics Department</a>, and Nobel Peace Prize Laureate <a href="/wiki/Jody_Williams" title="Jody Williams">Jody Williams</a>. </p><p>The College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences (CLASS) has the Creative Writing Program which includes founders such as alumnus <a href="/wiki/Donald_Barthelme" title="Donald Barthelme">Donald Barthelme</a> and offers degrees in poetry, fiction, and non-fiction. The <a href="/wiki/Hines_College_of_Architecture" title="Hines College of Architecture">Gerald D. Hines College of Architecture and Design</a> is one of only 36 schools to have an accreditation from the National Architectural Accrediting Board.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Melcher_Hall_(Front).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Melcher_Hall_%28Front%29.JPG/220px-Melcher_Hall_%28Front%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Melcher_Hall_%28Front%29.JPG/330px-Melcher_Hall_%28Front%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Melcher_Hall_%28Front%29.JPG/440px-Melcher_Hall_%28Front%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>Melcher Hall, one of three buildings of the <a href="/wiki/Bauer_College_of_Business" title="Bauer College of Business">Bauer College of Business</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In August 2016, the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board approved the creation of the Hobby School of Public Affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school, named in honor of former Texas Lt. Gov. <a href="/wiki/William_P._Hobby_Jr." title="William P. Hobby Jr.">Bill Hobby</a>, builds on the existing educational and research programs of the Center for Public Policy, which was founded at UH in 1981. The designation officially moves the Master of Public Policy Degree from the UH College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences to the Hobby School of Public Affairs and approves the addition of a Master of Public Policy degree as a dual degree with the Graduate College of Social Work's Master of Social Work. </p><p>In October 2018, the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board approved the creation of the College of Medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A site has been selected for the college's new building, and the inaugural class entered in 2020. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rankings">Rankings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Rankings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings_in_the_United_States" title="College and university rankings in the United States">Academic rankings</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;">National</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/America%27s_Top_Colleges" title="America's Top Colleges"><i>Forbes</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_Forbes_NU_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_Forbes_NU-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">115</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking"><i>U.S. News & World Report</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_USNWR_NU_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_USNWR_NU-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">133 <small>(tie)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Washington_Monthly_college_rankings" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Monthly college rankings"><i>Washington Monthly</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_Wamo_NU_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_Wamo_NU-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">186</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal"><i>WSJ</i></a>/College Pulse<sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_WSJ_NU_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_WSJ_NU-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">254</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;">Global</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities"><i>ARWU</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_ARWU_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_ARWU-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">201–300</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings"><i>QS</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_QS_W_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_QS_W-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">651–660</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings"><i>THE</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_THES_W_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_THES_W-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">475</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Global_Universities_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking"><i>U.S. News & World Report</i></a><sup id="cite_ref-Rankings_USNWR_W_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rankings_USNWR_W-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right;">421 <small>(tie)</small></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the 2024 <i>U.S. News & World Report</i> rankings, UH placed in the top 50 universities for social mobility, and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Law_Center" title="University of Houston Law Center">University of Houston Law Center</a> was ranked tied for 68th in the nation and 5th in the state of Texas. The <a href="/wiki/Bauer_College_of_Business" title="Bauer College of Business">C.T. Bauer College of Business</a> was ranked as the 56th best business school in the country and 7th best in the state of Texas.<sup id="cite_ref-2024USNWRgrad_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2024USNWRgrad-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2024 <a href="/wiki/The_Princeton_Review" title="The Princeton Review">The Princeton Review</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Entrepreneur_(magazine)" title="Entrepreneur (magazine)">Entrepreneur</a></i> magazine rankings, the undergraduate entrepreneurship studies program at the Bauer College of Business ranked 1st in the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="font-size: 90%;width:400px; text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="background-color:#C92A39;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B8B9B7, inset -2px -2px 0 #B8B9B7;">National Rankings by Subject<br /><small>(as of 2024)</small><sup id="cite_ref-2024USNWRgrad_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2024USNWRgrad-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>College </th> <th>Program </th> <th>Ranking </th></tr> <tr> <td>BAUER</td> <td>Business</td> <td>56 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLASS</td> <td>Clinical Psychology</td> <td>56 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLASS</td> <td>Economics</td> <td>65 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLASS</td> <td>English</td> <td>82 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLASS</td> <td>History</td> <td>81 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLASS</td> <td>Political Science</td> <td>50 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLASS</td> <td>Psychology</td> <td>122 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLASS</td> <td>Speech-Language Pathology</td> <td>44 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CULLEN</td> <td>Engineering</td> <td>68 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>EDU</td> <td>Education</td> <td>63 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>HOBBY</td> <td>Public Affairs</td> <td>76 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>KGMCA</td> <td>Fine Arts</td> <td>124 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>LAW</td> <td>Law</td> <td>68 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>MED</td> <td>Medicine: Primary Care</td> <td>Unranked </td></tr> <tr> <td>MED</td> <td>Medicine: Research</td> <td>Unranked </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Biological Sciences</td> <td>175 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Chemistry</td> <td>81 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Computer Science</td> <td>110 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Earth Sciences</td> <td>70 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Mathematics</td> <td>91 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Physics</td> <td>89 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>PHARM</td> <td>Pharmacy</td> <td>41 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>SW</td> <td>Social Work</td> <td>67 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="float:center; font-size: 90%; width:400px; text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4" style="background-color:#C92A39;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #B8B9B7, inset -2px -2px 0 #B8B9B7;">Global Rankings by Subject<br /><small>(as of 2024)</small><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>College </th> <th>Program </th> <th>Ranking </th></tr> <tr> <td>BAUER</td> <td>Economics & Business</td> <td>232 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLASS</td> <td>Psychiatry/Psychology</td> <td>255 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLASS</td> <td>Social Sciences & Public Health</td> <td>217 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CULLEN</td> <td>Civil Engineering</td> <td>162 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CULLEN</td> <td>Electrical & Electronic Engineering</td> <td>70 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CULLEN</td> <td>Energy & Fuels</td> <td>256 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CULLEN</td> <td>Engineering</td> <td>232 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CULLEN</td> <td>Materials Science</td> <td>192 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CULLEN</td> <td>Nanoscience & Nanotechnology</td> <td>230 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CULLEN</td> <td>Neuroscience & Behavior</td> <td>492 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>EDU</td> <td>Public, Environmental & Occupational Health</td> <td>410 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>MED</td> <td>Clinical Medicine</td> <td>488 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Biology & Biochemistry</td> <td>645 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Chemistry</td> <td>308 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Computer Science</td> <td>313 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Environment/Ecology</td> <td>630 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Geosciences</td> <td>269 </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Mathematics</td> <td>456 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Physical Chemistry</td> <td>263 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>NSM</td> <td>Physics</td> <td>490 <small>(tie)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>School </th> <th>Founded </th> <th>2022 Undergraduate Enrollment<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>2022 Graduate Enrollment<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left">University of Houston </td> <td>1927 </td> <td>37,282 </td> <td>9,418 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Medicine" title="University of Houston College of Medicine">Medicine</a> </td> <td>2019 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>120 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Pharmacy </td> <td>1946 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>550 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Law_Center" title="University of Houston Law Center">Law</a> </td> <td>1947 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>825 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Optometry </td> <td>1952 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>419 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Hines_College_of_Architecture" title="Hines College of Architecture">Architecture</a> </td> <td>1956 </td> <td>824 </td> <td>89 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Bauer_College_of_Business" title="Bauer College of Business">Business</a> </td> <td>1942 </td> <td>6,369 </td> <td>1,189 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Cullen_College_of_Engineering" title="Cullen College of Engineering">Engineering</a> </td> <td>1941 </td> <td>3,209 </td> <td>1,659 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Education </td> <td>1945 </td> <td>2,663 </td> <td>850 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Public Affairs </td> <td>1981 </td> <td>47 </td> <td>45 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Social Work </td> <td>1967 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>544 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Arts </td> <td>2016 </td> <td>1,082 </td> <td>247 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Liberal arts & Social Sciences </td> <td>2000 </td> <td>10,621 </td> <td>980 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Natural Sciences </td> <td>1975 </td> <td>4,789 </td> <td>1,100 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Technology </td> <td>1941 </td> <td>4,704 </td> <td>549 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Hospitality </td> <td>1969 </td> <td>633 </td> <td>127 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left">Nursing </td> <td>2015 </td> <td>277 </td> <td>102 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <p>UH president Renu Khator hailed these achievements, stating that “progress is not just about numbers; it’s about the positive, lasting impact we have on our students and the broader community. Our students deserve the best education, and our city and state deserve a top-notch public university.”<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this improvement in rankings was largely due to changes in U.S. News' ranking methodology,<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which removed key measures of academic excellence, such as the percentage of faculty with the highest degrees, the percentage of students in the top 10 percent of their high school class, and average class size. These changes gave the appearance of progress without reflecting any meaningful improvement in academic standards.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In reality, the administration’s policies aimed at climbing the rankings have actively eroded academic excellence. One faculty member pointed out that the focus on rankings, which increasingly reward colleges for simply granting degrees, has reduced the quality of instruction. In an effort to meet ranking metrics, the university has increased class sizes to boost revenue and lowered academic requirements and performance standards to raise graduation rates. While these tactics improved UH’s position in the rankings, they have diminished the educational experience, favoring quantity over quality. </p><p>As one faculty member put it, these changes “increased revenue and decreased costs, more customers and fewer employees (though, paradoxically, more midlevel managers).” The shift “exemplifies the creeping corporatization of higher education—'Bilk them, and they will come.'"<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Simultaneously, there has been a growing emphasis on funding athletics. “Value is now a matter of Saturday-afternoon football,” said one faculty member. In pursuit of national relevance, the university has poured $170 million since 2018 into a struggling football program that plays to half-empty stadiums. Value is now defined by major stakeholders, particularly megadonors, who prefer to fund sports programs over academic initiatives."<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Houston_Science_Center.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/University_of_Houston_Science_Center.JPG/220px-University_of_Houston_Science_Center.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/University_of_Houston_Science_Center.JPG/330px-University_of_Houston_Science_Center.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/University_of_Houston_Science_Center.JPG/440px-University_of_Houston_Science_Center.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>Houston Science Center</figcaption></figure> <p>The Carnegie Foundation classifies UH as a doctoral degree-granting institution with "highest research activity."<sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_2_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research_2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_3_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research_3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The designation recognizes it as one of only nine universities in Texas with the classification.<sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tier_One_Research_2_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tier_One_Research_2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/National_Science_Foundation" title="National Science Foundation">National Science Foundation</a>, UH spent $177 million on research and development in 2018, ranking it 123rd in the nation.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It operates more than 40 research centers and institutes on campus,<sup id="cite_ref-Research_Expenditures_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Research_Expenditures-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Research_Centers_and_Institutes_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Research_Centers_and_Institutes-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and through these facilities, UH maintains partnerships with government, health care and private industry.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Areas of interdisciplinary research include nanotechnology, superconductivity, space commercialization and exploration, biomedical sciences and engineering, energy and natural resources, and artificial intelligence.<sup id="cite_ref-UH_Nanofabrication_Facility_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UH_Nanofabrication_Facility-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The university has five institutional research thrusts to address several research challenges aimed at economic development and improving the quality of life. The five thrusts include: Cyber and Physical Security, Drug Discovery and Development, Sustainable Communities and Infrastructure, Energy Security and Transition, and Accessible Health Care.<sup id="cite_ref-Research_Clusters_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Research_Clusters-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, UH launched its 50in5 initiative. Led by the Provost Paula Short and Vice President for Research Amr Elnashai, the university is working to increase research by 50 percent in five years. This includes the doubling of UH's national centers from five to 10, thereby improving its position for the Association of American University's membership.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, UH received $4 million for the expansion of its Center of Economic Inclusion.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Student_life">Student life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Student life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable floatright sortable collapsible"> <caption style="font-size:90%">Student body composition as of May 2, 2022 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race and ethnicity<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2" data-sort-type="number">Total </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic</a> </td> <td align="right">37% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">37</span><div style="width:74px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:green"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> </td> <td align="right">23% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">23</span><div style="width:46px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:purple"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_whites" title="Non-Hispanic whites">White</a> </td> <td align="right">21% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">21</span><div style="width:42px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:gray"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">Black</a> </td> <td align="right">10% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">10</span><div style="width:20px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:mediumblue"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">5% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">5</span><div style="width:10px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:brown"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Foreign_national" title="Foreign national">Foreign national</a> </td> <td align="right">4% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">4</span><div style="width:8px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:orange"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4" data-sort-type="number"><a href="/wiki/Economic_diversity" title="Economic diversity">Economic diversity</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/American_lower_class" title="American lower class">Low-income</a><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">44% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">44</span><div style="width:88px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:red"> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Affluence_in_the_United_States" title="Affluence in the United States">Affluent</a><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right">56% </td> <td align="left"><span style="display:none;">56</span><div style="width:112px;height:2ex;background:#aaa;color:inherit;background:black"> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The University of Houston is notable for its diverse student body, and <i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking">U.S. News & World Report</a></i> ranks the university as the second-most ethnically diverse research university in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-Diversity_ranking_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Diversity_ranking-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> UH's Asian and Hispanic student population is among the highest in the state. Due to the high percentage of Hispanic students on campus, UH has been deemed a <a href="/wiki/Hispanic-serving_institution" title="Hispanic-serving institution">Hispanic-serving institution</a>. Its international student population is primarily from Asia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art,_music_and_theatre"><span id="Art.2C_music_and_theatre"></span>Art, music and theatre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Art, music and theatre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cullen_Performance_Hall_(Night).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Cullen_Performance_Hall_%28Night%29.JPG/220px-Cullen_Performance_Hall_%28Night%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Cullen_Performance_Hall_%28Night%29.JPG/330px-Cullen_Performance_Hall_%28Night%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Cullen_Performance_Hall_%28Night%29.JPG/440px-Cullen_Performance_Hall_%28Night%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3557" data-file-height="2371" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cullen_Performance_Hall" title="Cullen Performance Hall">Cullen Performance Hall</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Located in the Fine Arts Building, <a href="/wiki/Blaffer_Art_Museum" title="Blaffer Art Museum">Blaffer Art Museum</a> is a contemporary art museum dedicated to emerging, mid-career, and underrepresented artists and bodies of work through exhibitions, publications, and public programs. Its educational programs include public lectures, artists' talks, docent tours, audio guides, and youth programs such as Studio Saturday, Summer Arts, and the Young Artist Apprenticeship Program. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cullen_Performance_Hall" title="Cullen Performance Hall">Cullen Performance Hall</a> is a 1,612 seat proscenium theater located near Entrance 1. The hall offers a variety of events sponsored by departments and organizations at the university in addition to contemporary music concerts, opera, modern dance, and theatrical performances put on by groups in and outside the Houston area.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Moores_School_of_Music" title="Moores School of Music">Moores School of Music</a> presents concerts in various campus venues: Dudley Recital Hall and the Organ Recital Hall in the Fine Arts Building, and in the Moores Opera House and Choral Recital Hall in the music building. Musical events range from opera to jazz with performers including students, faculty, and guest artists. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_School_of_Theatre_and_Dance" title="University of Houston School of Theatre and Dance">School of Theatre and Dance</a> offers a subscription series of five plays each year. Works by classical and modern dramatists, as well as new musical collaborators, are seen in full productions or "gypsy runthroughs." </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_School_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston School of Art">School of Art</a> exhibits young artists several times a year, including the Master of Fine Arts exhibition held traditionally near the end of the spring semester in the Blaffer Art Museum. The School of Art also hosts presentations by numerous visiting artists and art historians throughout the academic year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Housing">Housing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Housing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_student_housing" title="University of Houston student housing">University of Houston student housing</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cougar_Village.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cougar_Village.JPG/220px-Cougar_Village.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cougar_Village.JPG/330px-Cougar_Village.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cougar_Village.JPG/440px-Cougar_Village.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>Cougar Village I</figcaption></figure> <p>UH has several on campus dormitories: Moody Towers, The Quad, Cougar Village I & II, Cougar Place, University Lofts, Bayou Oaks, Cullen Oaks, and Cambridge Oaks. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Moody_Towers" title="Moody Towers">Moody Towers</a>, frequently just called "Moody," is one of the tallest complexes on campus and the largest area of residence halls. Each of the two towers consists of eighteen stories and together house 1,100 students. The Towers feature a newly renovated dining hall. The rooms in Moody were renovated during the summer of 2011. </p><p>The Quad is the newest dorm on campus, having been completed in the Fall of 2020. Named after the former dorms, "The Quadrangle," there are laundry facilities on each floor, as well as a recreational facility, computer lab, and an outdoor courtyard. An extension of The Quad, the Townhouses are single-student dorms right across from The Quad. In total, The Quad and Townhouses combine for 7 buildings that house almost 1,200 students. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Calhoun_Lofts.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Calhoun_Lofts.JPG/220px-Calhoun_Lofts.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Calhoun_Lofts.JPG/330px-Calhoun_Lofts.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Calhoun_Lofts.JPG/440px-Calhoun_Lofts.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2432" /></a><figcaption>Calhoun Lofts</figcaption></figure> <p>In August 2009, University Lofts—a university-owned and operated residential facility aimed at graduate and professional students—opened and includes retail stores, lecture halls, and recreation facilities. </p><p>Cougar Village I & II are a freshman, including first year Honors students, dorm which opened in August 2010 and August 2013, respectively. The dormitory features themed floors with kitchens and lounges, a tutoring center, computer labs, multi-purpose rooms, study areas, a convenience store, a laundry facility, and a fitness center. Cougar Village I & II are exclusive only to freshman and Honors College students.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to traditional dormitories, Cougar Place was an apartment-style housing complex consisting of 400 units. Cougar Place has since been demolished as of 2013<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> and has been replaced with a new on-campus housing complex for sophomores.<sup id="cite_ref-Housing_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Housing-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The university has privately owned apartment complexes on campus: Cullen Oaks, Bayou Oaks, and Cambridge Oaks. </p><p>In June 2017, a divided panel of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Fifth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit</a> found that the university did not violate the Constitution's <a href="/wiki/Due_Process_Clause" title="Due Process Clause">Due Process Clause</a> or <a href="/wiki/Title_IX" title="Title IX">Title IX</a> when it expelled both a student for committing a <a href="/wiki/Campus_sexual_assault" title="Campus sexual assault">campus sexual assault</a> in a dorm room then abandoning the nude victim in a dorm elevator, as well as his girlfriend, who had recorded the assault and shared the video on social media.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The official student newspaper is <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Cougar" class="mw-redirect" title="The Daily Cougar">The Cougar</a></i>, formerly <i>The Daily Cougar</i>, and has been published since 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roarin_07-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students also produce the <i>Houstonian</i> magazine, which is for graduating students; <i>Cooglife</i>, a monthly lifestyle magazine; and <i>Transitions</i>, a magazine for incoming students. </p><p><a href="/wiki/CoogTV" title="CoogTV">CoogTV</a> is a live student-run TV network that appears on the University of Houston cable network. </p><p>CoogRadio, UH's student-run college radio station, made its debut on August 29, 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Traditions">Traditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Houston_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/University_of_Houston_Logo.svg/180px-University_of_Houston_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/University_of_Houston_Logo.svg/270px-University_of_Houston_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/University_of_Houston_Logo.svg/360px-University_of_Houston_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="581" /></a><figcaption>Collegiate symbol and heritage mark</figcaption></figure> <p>The seal of the University of Houston, officially adopted in 1938, is a stylized version of the coat-of-arms of General <a href="/wiki/Sam_Houston" title="Sam Houston">Sam Houston</a>. The first official version was placed on the floor of the <a href="/wiki/Roy_Gustav_Cullen_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Roy Gustav Cullen Building">Roy Gustav Cullen Building</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Traditions_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Traditions-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>UH's official colors are scarlet red and albino white. These were the colors of Sam Houston's ancestor, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Hugh_de_Paduinan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Hugh de Paduinan">Sir Hugh de Paduinan</a>, and were adopted by UH at the same time as the official seal. Scarlet red symbolizes courage or inner strength to face the unknown, and white symbolizes the goodness and purity of spirit embodied in helping one's fellow man.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cougar Red Friday is part of the ongoing Keep Houston Red initiative at the University of Houston. Students and staff are encouraged to wear red shirts on Friday to show pride for the university.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shasta_VI.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Shasta_VI.jpg/170px-Shasta_VI.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Shasta_VI.jpg/255px-Shasta_VI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Shasta_VI.jpg/340px-Shasta_VI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="1286" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shasta_(mascot)" title="Shasta (mascot)">Shasta VI</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Zoo" title="Houston Zoo">Houston Zoo</a>, 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>The school's official mascot is a <a href="/wiki/Cougar" title="Cougar">cougar</a>, which was adopted in 1947 and later named <a href="/wiki/Shasta_(mascot)" title="Shasta (mascot)">Shasta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The university owned a series of female cougars, but this tradition ceased in 1989, upon the death of <a href="/wiki/Shasta_(mascot)#Shasta_V" title="Shasta (mascot)">Shasta V</a>. When a cougar cub was orphaned in Washington State and moved to the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Zoo" title="Houston Zoo">Houston Zoo</a> in 2011, the university adopted it as its first live male cougar mascot and he was named Shasta VI.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Introducing_Shasta_VII_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Introducing_Shasta_VII-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shasta VI passed away in August 2022 from a progressive spinal disease. In November of the same year, the Houston Zoo received two orphaned male cubs from Washington State Fish & Wildlife Services and decided the cubs would carry the long-standing tradition of representing the University of Houston as Shasta VII and Louie.<sup id="cite_ref-Introducing_Shasta_VII_114-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Introducing_Shasta_VII-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Frontiersmen—initially exclusive to members of the <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Chi" title="Sigma Chi">Sigma Chi</a> fraternity, but later opened membership to the entire student body—is a group of students who participate in university events to drive school spirit. At football games, the Frontiersmen—donning cowboy hats, jeans and <a href="/wiki/Duster_(clothing)" title="Duster (clothing)">dusters</a> for attire—run across the field with the university's flag and the Texas flag after each score. </p><p>The BLAZE is an oil field warning siren, operated by the Frontiersmen, that was chosen to represent the university's ties to the petroleum industry. The purchase of the siren was completed in 1991. The Sigma Chi Fraternity has overseen the siren and gave it the name "The BLAZE" in honor of its fallen brother, David Blazek.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Fiesta" title="Frontier Fiesta">Frontier Fiesta</a>—a re-creation of a 19th-century Western town, with music, food and historical exhibits—is a major event on campus each spring semester. The student-led festival is a part of a long-standing tradition dating back to the 1940s established by Gan Bey which later became the Sigma Chi Fraternity's Epsilon Xi chapter at UH.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frontier Fiesta attained widespread notoriety when the Sigma Chi variety show performance known as "Bella Union" garnered national attention on the cover of <a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a> magazine as "The Greatest College Show on Earth" and soon-after drew crowds numbered in the tens of thousands from all across the country to participate in the festivities. </p><p>Cougar First Impressions—a program headed by the UH Staff Council—takes place every year on the first two days of classes, when faculty and staff turn out to welcome new and returning students.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Weeks of Welcome is another program welcoming students to the university. Over the span of two weeks, departments and student organizations help students learn more about the university with a variety of events.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Cougar_Paw">The Cougar Paw</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: The Cougar Paw"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UoHcougarpaw.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/UoHcougarpaw.png/120px-UoHcougarpaw.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/UoHcougarpaw.png/180px-UoHcougarpaw.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/UoHcougarpaw.png/240px-UoHcougarpaw.png 2x" data-file-width="312" data-file-height="312" /></a><figcaption>Graphic representation of The Cougar Paw</figcaption></figure> <p>The Cougar Paw is a popular hand sign used by University of Houston students, faculty, alumni, and athletics fans to represent camaraderie and support. The Cougar Paw tradition was adopted through several athletics events between the University of Houston and the University of Texas. </p><p>The University of Houston and the University of Texas played their first football game against one another in 1953. Since this was their first meeting, members of <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Omega" title="Alpha Phi Omega">Alpha Phi Omega</a>—the service fraternity in charge of taking care of <a href="/wiki/Shasta_(mascot)#Shasta_I" title="Shasta (mascot)">Shasta I</a>, the university's mascot—brought her to the game. During the trip, Shasta's front paw was caught in the car door and one toe was cut off. At the game, several Longhorn players saw what had happened and began taunting UH players by holding up their hands with the ring finger bent, suggesting the Cougars were invalids. Texas went on to win this game 28–7. UH students had been using the victory sign as a hand signal up to that time but they began using the bent-finger sign as a reminder that they would remember the taunts.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_28-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Cougars did not play the Longhorns again until 1968. With UH fans holding up the new sign of Cougar pride, UH played UT to a 20–20 tie. They didn't meet again until 1976, the first year UH was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Conference" title="Southwest Conference">Southwest Conference</a>. In front of a record crowd at Texas' Memorial Stadium, UH defeated UT 30–0, a rout that signaled the beginning of the end for legendary Texas coach <a href="/wiki/Darrell_Royal" title="Darrell Royal">Darrell Royal</a>. This solidified the use of the Cougar Paw as a tradition.<sup id="cite_ref-Traditions_109-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Traditions-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Athletics">Athletics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Athletics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars" title="Houston Cougars">Houston Cougars</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Night_panorama_of_TDECU_Stadium.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Night_panorama_of_TDECU_Stadium.JPG/220px-Night_panorama_of_TDECU_Stadium.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Night_panorama_of_TDECU_Stadium.JPG/330px-Night_panorama_of_TDECU_Stadium.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Night_panorama_of_TDECU_Stadium.JPG/440px-Night_panorama_of_TDECU_Stadium.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5460" data-file-height="2332" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/TDECU_Stadium" title="TDECU Stadium">TDECU Stadium</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_football" title="Houston Cougars football">Houston Cougars football</a> team</figcaption></figure> <p>UH's 17-sport intercollegiate program is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Big_12_Conference" title="Big 12 Conference">Big 12 Conference</a>. Houston was previously a member of <a href="/wiki/Conference_USA" title="Conference USA">Conference USA</a>, of which it was a member from the time the conference was formed in 1995 until 2013, when they joined the <a href="/wiki/American_Athletic_Conference" title="American Athletic Conference">American Athletic Conference</a>. During that time span, the Cougars won 33 C-USA titles. Prior to 1995, Houston was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Conference" title="Southwest Conference">Southwest Conference</a>. </p><p>After 61 years of athletics at UH, other notable achievements include 16 national titles in <a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_men%27s_golf" class="mw-redirect" title="Houston Cougars men's golf">men's golf</a>, one national title in cross country, six NCAA Men's Basketball Final Four appearances, and two College World Series appearances. </p><p>More than 50 Olympic athletes have attended UH, bringing home 33 medals, including 19 gold.<sup id="cite_ref-Points_of_Pride_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Points_of_Pride-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former Olympian and UH alumnus <a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a> returned as the men's track and field head coach in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2014, <a href="/wiki/Kelvin_Sampson" title="Kelvin Sampson">Kelvin Sampson</a> was named the eighth men's basketball head coach. Ronald Hughey is the current women's basketball coach. On January 1, 2019, <a href="/wiki/Dana_Holgorsen" title="Dana Holgorsen">Dana Holgorsen</a> was named head coach of the Cougar football team. </p><p>UH has many recreational sport clubs, including <a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">rugby</a>, <a href="/wiki/NCWA" class="mw-redirect" title="NCWA">NCWA</a> <a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">wrestling</a>, soccer, tennis, <a href="/wiki/Water_polo" title="Water polo">water polo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kendo" title="Kendo">kendo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esports" title="Esports">esports</a> and gymnastics. </p><p>In addition to varsity sports, the University of Houston offers a variety of intramural sports programs. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Varsity_sports">Varsity sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Varsity sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cougar_Field_with_FieldTurf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Cougar_Field_with_FieldTurf.jpg/220px-Cougar_Field_with_FieldTurf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Cougar_Field_with_FieldTurf.jpg/330px-Cougar_Field_with_FieldTurf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Cougar_Field_with_FieldTurf.jpg/440px-Cougar_Field_with_FieldTurf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Schroeder_Park" title="Schroeder Park">Schroeder Park</a>, home of the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_baseball" title="Houston Cougars baseball">Houston Cougars baseball</a> team</figcaption></figure> <p>The university has an intercollegiate sports program that competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The NCAA's <a href="/wiki/Division_I_(NCAA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Division I (NCAA)">Division I</a> sports at the University of Houston include baseball, basketball, cross country, American football, golf, and track and field for men; basketball, cross country, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, tennis, and track and field for women. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_football" title="Houston Cougars football">Houston Cougars football</a> team has made 27 post-season bowl appearances and has to its credit several <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Conference" title="Southwest Conference">Southwest Conference</a> championships and <a href="/wiki/Cotton_Bowl_Classic" title="Cotton Bowl Classic">Cotton Bowl Classic</a> appearances, as well as the 2006 Conference USA Championship<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 2015 American Athletic Conference championship. The 1989 Heisman Trophy winner, <a href="/wiki/Andre_Ware" title="Andre Ware">Andre Ware</a>, was a Cougar. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_men%27s_basketball" title="Houston Cougars men's basketball">men's basketball</a> team has made 23 <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Men%27s_Division_I_Basketball_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship">NCAA Tournament</a> appearances, with six trips to the Final Four. See also <a href="/wiki/Phi_Slama_Jama" title="Phi Slama Jama">Phi Slama Jama</a>, the Cougars teams of the early 1980s that featured <a href="/wiki/NBA" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA">NBA</a> legends <a href="/wiki/Clyde_Drexler" title="Clyde Drexler">Clyde Drexler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Olajuwon" title="Hakeem Olajuwon">Hakeem Olajuwon</a>. </p><p>Houston competes with other notable sports teams, such as the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_baseball" title="Houston Cougars baseball">baseball</a> team, which has made 21 NCAA Tournament appearances with two trips to the College World Series; the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_men%27s_golf" class="mw-redirect" title="Houston Cougars men's golf">men's golf</a> team, which has won 16 NCAA National Championships; the women's soccer team, which was rated as the top first-year women's program in the country in 1998; the swimming and diving teams, which have spawned multiple Olympians and All-Americans; the track and field team, which perennially ranks in the top 10 as an NCAA team; and the volleyball team, which had a streak of ten consecutive trips to the NCAA Tournament. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Houston_people" title="List of University of Houston people">List of University of Houston people</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Notable University of Houston alumni include:</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fred_Couples_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fred Couples, professional golfer"><img alt="Fred Couples, professional golfer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Fred_Couples_%28cropped%29.jpg/94px-Fred_Couples_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Fred_Couples_%28cropped%29.jpg/141px-Fred_Couples_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Fred_Couples_%28cropped%29.jpg/188px-Fred_Couples_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1508" data-file-height="1926" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Couples" title="Fred Couples">Fred Couples</a>, professional golfer</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clyde_Drexler_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clyde Drexler, Basketball Hall of Fame member"><img alt="Clyde Drexler, Basketball Hall of Fame member" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Clyde_Drexler_01.jpg/85px-Clyde_Drexler_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Clyde_Drexler_01.jpg/128px-Clyde_Drexler_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Clyde_Drexler_01.jpg/171px-Clyde_Drexler_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="1049" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Clyde_Drexler" title="Clyde Drexler">Clyde Drexler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naismith_Memorial_Basketball_Hall_of_Fame" title="Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame">Basketball Hall of Fame</a> member</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bonnie_J._Dunbar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bonnie J. Dunbar, former NASA astronaut"><img alt="Bonnie J. Dunbar, former NASA astronaut" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Bonnie_J._Dunbar.jpg/96px-Bonnie_J._Dunbar.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Bonnie_J._Dunbar.jpg/144px-Bonnie_J._Dunbar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Bonnie_J._Dunbar.jpg/192px-Bonnie_J._Dunbar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="595" data-file-height="745" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_J._Dunbar" title="Bonnie J. Dunbar">Bonnie J. Dunbar</a>, former <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> astronaut</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elvin_Hayes.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elvin Hayes, 12-time NBA All-Star"><img alt="Elvin Hayes, 12-time NBA All-Star" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Elvin_Hayes.jpg/120px-Elvin_Hayes.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Elvin_Hayes.jpg/180px-Elvin_Hayes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Elvin_Hayes.jpg/240px-Elvin_Hayes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Elvin_Hayes" title="Elvin Hayes">Elvin Hayes</a>, 12-time NBA All-Star</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LizzoBrixt06Nov19-10_(49216792848)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lizzo, Grammy Award-winning singer"><img alt="Lizzo, Grammy Award-winning singer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/LizzoBrixt06Nov19-10_%2849216792848%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/89px-LizzoBrixt06Nov19-10_%2849216792848%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/LizzoBrixt06Nov19-10_%2849216792848%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/134px-LizzoBrixt06Nov19-10_%2849216792848%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/LizzoBrixt06Nov19-10_%2849216792848%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/178px-LizzoBrixt06Nov19-10_%2849216792848%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1272" data-file-height="1710" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lizzo" title="Lizzo">Lizzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a>-winning singer</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Case_Keenum_2018.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Case Keenum, NFL Quarterback"><img alt="Case Keenum, NFL Quarterback" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Case_Keenum_2018.JPG/90px-Case_Keenum_2018.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Case_Keenum_2018.JPG/135px-Case_Keenum_2018.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Case_Keenum_2018.JPG/180px-Case_Keenum_2018.JPG 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="945" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Case_Keenum" title="Case Keenum">Case Keenum</a>, NFL Quarterback</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nigerian_President_Buhari_Stands_With_Secretary_Kerry,_U.S._Delegation_After_They_Attended_His_Inauguration_Ceremony_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hakeem Olajuwon, 1994 NBA MVP"><img alt="Hakeem Olajuwon, 1994 NBA MVP" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Nigerian_President_Buhari_Stands_With_Secretary_Kerry%2C_U.S._Delegation_After_They_Attended_His_Inauguration_Ceremony_%28cropped%29.jpg/101px-Nigerian_President_Buhari_Stands_With_Secretary_Kerry%2C_U.S._Delegation_After_They_Attended_His_Inauguration_Ceremony_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="101" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Nigerian_President_Buhari_Stands_With_Secretary_Kerry%2C_U.S._Delegation_After_They_Attended_His_Inauguration_Ceremony_%28cropped%29.jpg/152px-Nigerian_President_Buhari_Stands_With_Secretary_Kerry%2C_U.S._Delegation_After_They_Attended_His_Inauguration_Ceremony_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Nigerian_President_Buhari_Stands_With_Secretary_Kerry%2C_U.S._Delegation_After_They_Attended_His_Inauguration_Ceremony_%28cropped%29.jpg/202px-Nigerian_President_Buhari_Stands_With_Secretary_Kerry%2C_U.S._Delegation_After_They_Attended_His_Inauguration_Ceremony_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Olajuwon" title="Hakeem Olajuwon">Hakeem Olajuwon</a>, 1994 <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association_Most_Valuable_Player_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="National Basketball Association Most Valuable Player Award">NBA MVP</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jim_Parsons_at_PaleyFest_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jim Parsons, Emmy Award-winning actor"><img alt="Jim Parsons, Emmy Award-winning actor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Jim_Parsons_at_PaleyFest_2013.jpg/80px-Jim_Parsons_at_PaleyFest_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Jim_Parsons_at_PaleyFest_2013.jpg/120px-Jim_Parsons_at_PaleyFest_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Jim_Parsons_at_PaleyFest_2013.jpg/160px-Jim_Parsons_at_PaleyFest_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Parsons" title="Jim Parsons">Jim Parsons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy Award</a>-winning actor</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wade_Phillips.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wade Phillips, NFL Coach"><img alt="Wade Phillips, NFL Coach" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Wade_Phillips.jpg/62px-Wade_Phillips.jpg" decoding="async" width="62" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Wade_Phillips.jpg/93px-Wade_Phillips.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Wade_Phillips.jpg/124px-Wade_Phillips.jpg 2x" data-file-width="984" data-file-height="1894" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Wade_Phillips" title="Wade Phillips">Wade Phillips</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a> Coach</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jack_Valenti_Portrait.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jack Valenti, former president of the Motion Picture Association"><img alt="Jack Valenti, former president of the Motion Picture Association" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jack_Valenti_Portrait.jpeg/94px-Jack_Valenti_Portrait.jpeg" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jack_Valenti_Portrait.jpeg/141px-Jack_Valenti_Portrait.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jack_Valenti_Portrait.jpeg/189px-Jack_Valenti_Portrait.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="276" data-file-height="351" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Valenti" title="Jack Valenti">Jack Valenti</a>, former president of the <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_Association" title="Motion Picture Association">Motion Picture Association</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_Warren,_official_portrait,_114th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elizabeth Warren, U.S. Senator from Massachusetts"><img alt="Elizabeth Warren, U.S. Senator from Massachusetts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Elizabeth_Warren%2C_official_portrait%2C_114th_Congress.jpg/96px-Elizabeth_Warren%2C_official_portrait%2C_114th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Elizabeth_Warren%2C_official_portrait%2C_114th_Congress.jpg/144px-Elizabeth_Warren%2C_official_portrait%2C_114th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Elizabeth_Warren%2C_official_portrait%2C_114th_Congress.jpg/192px-Elizabeth_Warren%2C_official_portrait%2C_114th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1908" data-file-height="2385" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Elizabeth Warren</a>, U.S. Senator from <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></div> </li> </ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Jack_Valenti" title="Jack Valenti">Jack Valenti</a>, long-time president of the Motion Picture Association of America, creator of the MPAA film rating system, and a special assistant in the <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> administration, received his B.B.A. from UH. Artist and filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Julian_Schnabel" title="Julian Schnabel">Julian Schnabel</a> is also an alumnus. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alice_Sebold" title="Alice Sebold">Alice Sebold</a>, a novelist known for <i><a href="/wiki/Lucky_(memoir)" title="Lucky (memoir)">Lucky</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lovely_Bones" title="The Lovely Bones">The Lovely Bones</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Matt_Mullenweg" title="Matt Mullenweg">Matt Mullenweg</a>, creator of WordPress (the most popular, open-source blogging platform), also attended the university. </p><p>Notable athletes within the list include NFL players <a href="/wiki/Wilson_Whitley" title="Wilson Whitley">Wilson Whitley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Montgomery" title="Glenn Montgomery">Glenn Montgomery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Oglesby" title="Alfred Oglesby">Alfred Oglesby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Veasey" title="Craig Veasey">Craig Veasey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donnie_Avery" title="Donnie Avery">Donnie Avery</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Klingler" title="David Klingler">David Klingler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Kolb" title="Kevin Kolb">Kevin Kolb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Milner" title="Billy Milner">Billy Milner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Vollmer" title="Sebastian Vollmer">Sebastian Vollmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Case_Keenum" title="Case Keenum">Case Keenum</a>, and Heisman Trophy winner <a href="/wiki/Andre_Ware" title="Andre Ware">Andre Ware</a>; baseball stars <a href="/wiki/Doug_Drabek" title="Doug Drabek">Doug Drabek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bourn" title="Michael Bourn">Michael Bourn</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Brad_Lincoln" title="Brad Lincoln">Brad Lincoln</a>; golfers <a href="/wiki/Fred_Couples" title="Fred Couples">Fred Couples</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Ray_Brown" title="Billy Ray Brown">Billy Ray Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Elkington" title="Steve Elkington">Steve Elkington</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fuzzy_Zoeller" title="Fuzzy Zoeller">Fuzzy Zoeller</a>; track and field legends <a href="/wiki/Carl_Lewis" title="Carl Lewis">Carl Lewis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leroy_Burrell" title="Leroy Burrell">Leroy Burrell</a>; NBA basketball players <a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Olajuwon" title="Hakeem Olajuwon">Hakeem "The Dream" Olajuwon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clyde_Drexler" title="Clyde Drexler">Clyde "The Glide" Drexler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elvin_Hayes" title="Elvin Hayes">"The Big E" Elvin Hayes</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Bo_Outlaw" title="Bo Outlaw">Bo Outlaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Don_Chaney" title="Don Chaney">Don Chaney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Young_(basketball,_born_1961)" title="Michael Young (basketball, born 1961)">Michael Young</a>, <a href="/wiki/Damon_Jones" title="Damon Jones">Damon Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Herrera" title="Carl Herrera">Carl Herrera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otis_Birdsong" title="Otis Birdsong">Otis Birdsong</a>; and legendary <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Cowboys" title="Dallas Cowboys">Dallas Cowboys</a> coach <a href="/wiki/Tom_Landry" title="Tom Landry">Tom Landry</a>. The owner of the <a href="/wiki/San_Diego_Padres" title="San Diego Padres">San Diego Padres</a> and noted philanthropist <a href="/wiki/John_Moores_(baseball)" title="John Moores (baseball)">John Moores</a> holds both undergraduate and law degrees. <a href="/wiki/Wade_Phillips" title="Wade Phillips">Wade Phillips</a>, a former head coach of the <a href="/wiki/Denver_Broncos" title="Denver Broncos">Denver Broncos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Bills" title="Buffalo Bills">Buffalo Bills</a>, and Dallas Cowboys, is a UH alumnus as well. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Elizabeth Warren</a>, a U.S. senator from Massachusetts, a 2020 U.S. presidential candidate, and formerly a Harvard Law School faculty member and chair of the Congressional Oversight Panel created to oversee the U.S. banking bailout during the 2008–2009 financial crisis, received her B.S. from UH in 1970. <a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLay" title="Tom DeLay">Tom DeLay</a>, a former member and majority leader of the U.S. House of Representatives, who represented Texas's 22nd congressional district from 1984 until 2006, also attended the University of Houston. </p><p>Notable Texas politicians who are graduates of the UH Political Science program include <a href="/wiki/Alfred_H._Bennett" title="Alfred H. Bennett">Alfred H. Bennett</a>, U.S. District Judge of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas;<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Carol_Alvarado" title="Carol Alvarado">Carol Alvarado</a>, Texas State senator for District 6;<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/James_White_(Texas_politician)" title="James White (Texas politician)">James White (Texas politician)</a>, State Representative Texas House District 19.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other politicians who attended UH include <a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">Gene Green</a>, a Democratic politician and a U.S. congressman from the state of Texas representing that state's 29th congressional district, which includes most of eastern Houston, along with large portions of Houston's eastern suburbs; and <a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">Ted Poe</a>, a Republican politician currently representing Texas's 2nd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives. Poe's district includes most of northern Houston, as well as most of the Beaumont–Port Arthur metropolitan area. </p> <p><a href="/wiki/Crystle_Stewart" title="Crystle Stewart">Crystle Stewart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miss_USA_2008" title="Miss USA 2008">Miss USA 2008</a> is a former student at the university, last attending in 2007. <a href="/wiki/Jason_Alkire" title="Jason Alkire">Jason Alkire</a>, an artist and fashion designer, is a graduate as well.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other alumni include <a href="/wiki/Jim_Parsons" title="Jim Parsons">Jim Parsons</a>, star of the television series <i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Bang_Theory" title="The Big Bang Theory">The Big Bang Theory</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Brent_Spiner" title="Brent Spiner">Brent Spiner</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Next_Generation" title="Star Trek: The Next Generation">Star Trek: The Next Generation</a></i>, actors <a href="/wiki/Robert_Wuhl" title="Robert Wuhl">Robert Wuhl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loretta_Devine" title="Loretta Devine">Loretta Devine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Quaid" title="Dennis Quaid">Dennis Quaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randy_Quaid" title="Randy Quaid">Randy Quaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brett_Cullen" title="Brett Cullen">Brett Cullen</a>, comedian <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hicks" title="Bill Hicks">Bill Hicks</a> and former attorney and talk show host <a href="/wiki/Star_Jones" title="Star Jones">Star Jones</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Project_Runway" title="Project Runway">Project Runway</a></i> contestants <a href="/wiki/Chloe_Dao" title="Chloe Dao">Chloe Dao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laura_Bennett" title="Laura Bennett">Laura Bennett</a>, sportscasters <a href="/wiki/Jim_Nantz" title="Jim Nantz">Jim Nantz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Flores" title="Robert Flores">Robert Flores</a>, YouTuber <a href="/wiki/Liza_Koshy" title="Liza Koshy">Liza Koshy</a>, singer and rapper <a href="/wiki/Lizzo" title="Lizzo">Lizzo</a>, and country music stars <a href="/wiki/Larry_Gatlin" title="Larry Gatlin">Larry Gatlin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Rogers" title="Kenny Rogers">Kenny Rogers</a> <a href="/wiki/Lil_Wayne" title="Lil Wayne">Dwayne Michael Carter Jr.</a>, aka Lil Wayne, is a hip-hop artist from New Orleans. He enrolled in 2005 but dropped out shortly after..</p><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Other consists of <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Multiracial Americans</a> and those who prefer to not say.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The percentage of students who received an income-based federal <a href="/wiki/Pell_grant" class="mw-redirect" title="Pell grant">Pell grant</a> intended for low-income students.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The percentage of students who are a part of the <a href="/wiki/American_middle_class" title="American middle class">American middle class</a> at the bare minimum.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBlock,_Robinson2010" class="citation journal cs1">Block, Robinson (December 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://houstonhistorymagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/vol-8-no-1-AABL.pdf">"Afro-Americans for Black Liberation and the Fight for Civil Rights at the University of Houston"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Houston History Magazine</i>. <b>8</b> (1): 24–28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Houston+History+Magazine&rft.atitle=Afro-Americans+for+Black+Liberation+and+the+Fight+for+Civil+Rights+at+the+University+of+Houston&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=24-28&rft.date=2010-12&rft.au=Block%2C+Robinson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhoustonhistorymagazine.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F12%2Fvol-8-no-1-AABL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference_notes">Reference notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Reference notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-UHEndowment-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UHEndowment_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UHEndowment_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">As of August 31, 2023. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meetings.boardbook.org/Documents/WebViewer/685?file=29bc6dc3-f1fa-430e-88cf-156a68c8a5d8">"Independent Auditor's Report and Financial Statements: August 31, 2023 and 2022"</a>. University of Houston System. February 13, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Independent+Auditor%E2%80%99s+Report+and+Financial+Statements%3A+August+31%2C+2023+and+2022&rft.pub=University+of+Houston+System&rft.date=2024-02-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmeetings.boardbook.org%2FDocuments%2FWebViewer%2F685%3Ffile%3D29bc6dc3-f1fa-430e-88cf-156a68c8a5d8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uh.edu/office-of-finance/budget-office/plan-budget/executive-summary-fy2024_locked.pdf">"Fiscal Year 2024 Plan and Budget"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Houston System. August 23, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fiscal+Year+2024+Plan+and+Budget&rft.pub=University+of+Houston+System&rft.date=2023-08-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuh.edu%2Foffice-of-finance%2Fbudget-office%2Fplan-budget%2Fexecutive-summary-fy2024_locked.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UH_Provost-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UH_Provost_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_of_Houston" class="citation web cs1">University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uh.edu/provost/about/provost/">"SVP for Academic Affairs and Provost Diane Z. Chase"</a>. <i>University of Houston: Office of the Provost</i>. University of Houston<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Houston%3A+Office+of+the+Provost&rft.atitle=SVP+for+Academic+Affairs+and+Provost+Diane+Z.+Chase&rft.au=University+of+Houston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fprovost%2Fabout%2Fprovost%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UHFacts-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UHFacts_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UHFacts_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UHFacts_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UHFacts_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UHFacts_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UHFacts_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uh.edu/ir/reports/facts-at-a-glance/facts-at-a-glance.pdf">"University of Houston: Fall 2023 Facts"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Houston<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 20,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Houston%3A+Fall+2023+Facts&rft.pub=University+of+Houston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuh.edu%2Fir%2Freports%2Ffacts-at-a-glance%2Ffacts-at-a-glance.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=university+of+houston&s=all&id=225511">"IPEDS-University of Houston"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211105113733/https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=university+of+houston&s=all&id=225511">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IPEDS-University+of+Houston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnces.ed.gov%2Fcollegenavigator%2F%3Fq%3Duniversity%2Bof%2Bhouston%26s%3Dall%26id%3D225511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uh.edu/brand/brand-identity/style-guide/index#colors">"University of Houston Brand Style Guide"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220827222853/https://uh.edu/brand/brand-identity/style-guide/index#colors">Archived</a> from the original on August 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Inquiry, Volume 8, Number 1, Spring 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Community+Colleges+in+America%3A+A+Historical+Perspective&rft.pub=Inquiry%2C+Volume+8%2C+Number+1%2C+Spring+2003&rft.au=Richard+L.+Drury&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffiles.eric.ed.gov%2Ffulltext%2FEJ876835.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Community_Colleges-The_History_of_Community_Colleges,_The_junior_college_and_the_research_university.,_The_Community_College_Mission-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Community_Colleges-The_History_of_Community_Colleges,_The_junior_college_and_the_research_university.,_The_Community_College_Mission_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/1873/Community-Colleges.html">"Community Colleges – The History of Community Colleges, The junior college and the research university., The Community College Mission"</a>. <i>education.stateuniversity.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=education.stateuniversity.com&rft.atitle=Community+Colleges+%E2%80%93+The+History+of+Community+Colleges%2C+The+junior+college+and+the+research+university.%2C+The+Community+College+Mission&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feducation.stateuniversity.com%2Fpages%2F1873%2FCommunity-Colleges.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alumni_Information-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Alumni_Information_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUniversity_of_Houston" class="citation web cs1">University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uhadvancement.com/app/annual-report/2024/">"2024 Annual Report"</a>. <i>University of Houston Advancement</i>. University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240731183030/https%3A%2F%2Fuhadvancement.com%2Fapp%2Fannual-report%2F2024%2F">Archived</a> from the original on July 31, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UH+Timeline&rft.pub=University+of+Houston&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.advancement.uh.edu%2Fhomecoming%2F2007%2Ftimeline.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UH_Through_Time:_Events-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UH_Through_Time:_Events_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.lib.uh.edu/sca/digital/time/events.html">"UH Through Time: Events"</a>. University of Houston Libraries. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120914180734/http://info.lib.uh.edu/uh-through-time">Archived</a> from the original on September 14, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UH+Through+Time%3A+Events&rft.pub=University+of+Houston+Libraries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finfo.lib.uh.edu%2Fsca%2Fdigital%2Ftime%2Fevents.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Book-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_28-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdairGutierrez2001" class="citation book cs1">Adair, Wendy; Gutierrez, Oscar (2001). <i>The University of Houston: Our Time: Celebrating 75 Years of Learning and Leading</i>. Virginia Beach, VA: Donning Co. Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1578641438" title="Special:BookSources/1578641438"><bdi>1578641438</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+University+of+Houston%3A+Our+Time%3A+Celebrating+75+Years+of+Learning+and+Leading&rft.place=Virginia+Beach%2C+VA&rft.pub=Donning+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1578641438&rft.aulast=Adair&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.au=Gutierrez%2C+Oscar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fob02">"Oberholtzer, Edison, Ellsworth"</a>. <i>Handbook of Texas</i>. Texas State Historical Association. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715132307/http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fob02">Archived</a> from the original on July 15, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Handbook+of+Texas&rft.atitle=Oberholtzer%2C+Edison%2C+Ellsworth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftshaonline.org%2Fhandbook%2Fonline%2Farticles%2Ffob02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roarin_07-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roarin_07_30-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071107164047/http://www.mycougarconnection.com/homecoming/history.htm">"Discover UH's Heritage & History"</a>. UH Alumni Organization. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mycougarconnection.com/homecoming/history.htm">the original</a> on November 7, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discover+UH%27s+Heritage+%26+History&rft.pub=UH+Alumni+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mycougarconnection.com%2Fhomecoming%2Fhistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnston_309-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston_309_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnston_309_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnston1991" class="citation book cs1">Johnston, Marguerite (1991). <i>Houston: The Unknown City: 1836–1946</i>. College Station, Texas: Texas A&M University Press. p. 309. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89096-476-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-89096-476-9"><bdi>0-89096-476-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Houston%3A+The+Unknown+City%3A+1836%E2%80%931946&rft.place=College+Station%2C+Texas&rft.pages=309&rft.pub=Texas+A%26M+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-89096-476-9&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Marguerite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/first100/869592.html">"Group of average students sparks UH creation"</a>. <i>Houston Chronicle</i>. April 8, 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024194839/http://www.chron.com/life/article/Group-of-average-students-sparks-UH-creation-2017940.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Houston+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Group+of+average+students+sparks+UH+creation&rft.date=2001-04-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chron.com%2Fdisp%2Fstory.mpl%2Ffirst100%2F869592.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Test and Research Staff, Bureau of Naval Personnel; "Psychological test construction and research in the Bureau of Naval Personnel. Part V. Navy radio technician training program"; <i>American Psychologist</i>, vol 1(3), Mar. 1946, pp 80–90</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommandant,_Eighth_Naval_District1946" class="citation book cs1">Commandant, Eighth Naval District (1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Admin-Hist/115-8thND/115-8ND-23.html"><i>United States Naval Administration in World War II: History of the Eighth Naval District</i></a>. New Orleans, Louisiana: United States Navy. p. 271. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112105122/http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Admin-Hist/115-8thND/115-8ND-23.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 12, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=United+States+Naval+Administration+in+World+War+II%3A+History+of+the+Eighth+Naval+District&rft.place=New+Orleans%2C+Louisiana&rft.pages=271&rft.pub=United+States+Navy&rft.date=1946&rft.au=Commandant%2C+Eighth+Naval+District&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibiblio.org%2Fhyperwar%2FUSN%2FAdmin-Hist%2F115-8thND%2F115-8ND-23.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Watson, Raymond C., Jr.; <i>Solving the Naval Radar Crisis</i>, Trafford Publishing, 2007, pp. 207–208, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4251-6173-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4251-6173-6">978-1-4251-6173-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott" class="citation magazine cs1">Scott, Bethany. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://houstonhistorymagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Integration_Papers.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"University of Houston Integration Records: A Difficult Path to Desegregation"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Houston History Magazine</i>. University of Houston Center for Public History<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Houston+History+Magazine&rft.atitle=%22University+of+Houston+Integration+Records%3A+A+Difficult+Path+to+Desegregation%22&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Bethany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhoustonhistorymagazine.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F04%2FIntegration_Papers.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-txarchives-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-txarchives_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070421112253/http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/uhua/00001/hua-00001.html">"A.D. Bruce Speeches Collection, 1954–1961"</a>. <i>Texas Archival Resources Online (TARO)</i>. University of Texas Libraries. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/uhua/00001/hua-00001.html">the original</a> on April 21, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 25,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texas+Archival+Resources+Online+%28TARO%29&rft.atitle=A.D.+Bruce+Speeches+Collection%2C+1954%E2%80%931961&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.utexas.edu%2Ftaro%2Fuhua%2F00001%2Fhua-00001.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pennington, Richard, and Denton A. Cooley. <i>Longhorn Hoops: The History of Texas Basketball</i>. University of Texas Press, 1998.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Block, p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-University_of_Houston-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Houston_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Houston_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-University_of_Houston_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legis.state.tx.us/billlookup/History.aspx?LegSess=72R&Bill=SB755">"72(R) History for Senate Bill 755"</a>. <i>Texas Legislature Online History</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 28,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texas+Legislature+Online+History&rft.atitle=72%28R%29+History+for+Senate+Bill+755&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legis.state.tx.us%2Fbilllookup%2FHistory.aspx%3FLegSess%3D72R%26Bill%3DSB755&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Noted_Political_Science_Scholar-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Noted_Political_Science_Scholar_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uh.edu/news-events/archive/nr/2007/10oct/101507khator.html">"Scholar and Administrator Selected as Sole Nominee"</a>. <i>UH News Release</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120511032352/http://uh.edu/news-events/archive/nr/2007/10oct/101507khator.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UH+News+Release&rft.atitle=Scholar+and+Administrator+Selected+as+Sole+Nominee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fnews-events%2Farchive%2Fnr%2F2007%2F10oct%2F101507khator.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGerber,_Eric" class="citation web cs1">Gerber, Eric. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uh.edu/news-events/newsrelease.php?releaseid_int=76">"Renu Khator Confirmed as New University of Houston & UH System Leader"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Renu+Khator+Confirmed+as+New+University+of+Houston+%26+UH+System+Leader&rft.pub=University+of+Houston&rft.au=Gerber%2C+Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fnews-events%2Fnewsrelease.php%3Freleaseid_int%3D76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWitcher,_T.R.1995" class="citation web cs1">Witcher, T.R. (July 20, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.houstonpress.com/1995-07-20/news/third-ward-rising/">"Third Ward Rising"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Houston_Press" title="Houston Press">Houston Press</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150217005758/http://www.houstonpress.com/1995-07-20/news/third-ward-rising/">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2020</span>. <q>To the east, across Cullen, is UH, and then the Houston Belt & Terminal railroad right of way, which the council uses as the community's eastern boundary. [In other words the council defines UH as part of the Third Ward]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Houston+Press&rft.atitle=Third+Ward+Rising&rft.date=1995-07-20&rft.au=Witcher%2C+T.R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.houstonpress.com%2F1995-07-20%2Fnews%2Fthird-ward-rising%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorrea,_Melissa2019" class="citation web cs1">Correa, Melissa (December 30, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.khou.com/article/news/local/innovation-vs-gentrification-third-ward-residents-want-to-grow-with-neighborhood-not-be-replaced/285-799beace-3e25-4bd0-978d-e458ce920df0">"Innovation vs. gentrification: Third Ward residents want to grow with neighborhood, not be replaced"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/KHOU" title="KHOU">KHOU</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200318204116/https://www.khou.com/article/news/local/innovation-vs-gentrification-third-ward-residents-want-to-grow-with-neighborhood-not-be-replaced/285-799beace-3e25-4bd0-978d-e458ce920df0">Archived</a> from the original on March 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2020</span>. <q>That's one piece of a very rich history of the Third Ward, home to the University of Houston and Texas Southern University.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KHOU&rft.atitle=Innovation+vs.+gentrification%3A+Third+Ward+residents+want+to+grow+with+neighborhood%2C+not+be+replaced&rft.date=2019-12-30&rft.au=Correa%2C+Melissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.khou.com%2Farticle%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Finnovation-vs-gentrification-third-ward-residents-want-to-grow-with-neighborhood-not-be-replaced%2F285-799beace-3e25-4bd0-978d-e458ce920df0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVasquez,_Leticia" class="citation web cs1">Vasquez, Leticia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uh.edu/uhtoday/2004/06jun/062804sanborn.html">"Art that Speaks for Itself Enlightens New Sculpture"</a>. <i>UH Today</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UH+Today&rft.atitle=Art+that+Speaks+for+Itself+Enlightens+New+Sculpture&rft.au=Vasquez%2C+Leticia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuh.edu%2Fuhtoday%2F2004%2F06jun%2F062804sanborn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParker,_Francine" class="citation web cs1">Parker, Francine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uh.edu/uhtoday/2005/12dec/121505keephoustonbeautiful.html">"UH Keeps Houston Beautiful"</a>. <i>UH Today</i>. University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205175835/http://www.uh.edu/uhtoday/2005/12dec/121505keephoustonbeautiful.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UH+Today&rft.atitle=UH+Keeps+Houston+Beautiful&rft.au=Parker%2C+Francine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fuhtoday%2F2005%2F12dec%2F121505keephoustonbeautiful.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStipes2018" class="citation web cs1">Stipes, Chris (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uh.edu/news-events/stories/2018/november-2018/11262018-fertitta">"Tilman Fertitta to be Honored at Fertitta Center Private Opening Celebration"</a>. <i>www.uh.edu</i>. University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190512194121/https://www.uh.edu/news-events/stories/2018/november-2018/11262018-fertitta">Archived</a> from the original on May 12, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.uh.edu&rft.atitle=Tilman+Fertitta+to+be+Honored+at+Fertitta+Center+Private+Opening+Celebration&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Stipes&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fnews-events%2Fstories%2F2018%2Fnovember-2018%2F11262018-fertitta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonnin,_Richard2009" class="citation web cs1">Bonnin, Richard (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uh.edu/magazine/09f/features/energy/index.php">"New Energy Research Park Energizes March to Tier One"</a>. The University of Houston Magazine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130212183315/http://www.uh.edu/magazine/09f/features/energy/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on February 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Energy+Research+Park+Energizes+March+to+Tier+One&rft.pub=The+University+of+Houston+Magazine&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Bonnin%2C+Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fmagazine%2F09f%2Ffeatures%2Fenergy%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKever,_Jeannie2012" class="citation news cs1">Kever, Jeannie (September 7, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chron.com/business/article/Energy-players-team-up-in-UH-research-park-3849102.php">"Energy players team up in UH research park"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Houston_Chronicle" title="Houston Chronicle">Houston Chronicle</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121102175110/http://www.chron.com/business/article/Energy-players-team-up-in-UH-research-park-3849102.php">Archived</a> from the original on November 2, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Houston+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Energy+players+team+up+in+UH+research+park&rft.date=2012-09-07&rft.au=Kever%2C+Jeannie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chron.com%2Fbusiness%2Farticle%2FEnergy-players-team-up-in-UH-research-park-3849102.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uh.edu/cullen-performance-hall/_images/CPH-seating-chart21.jpg">"University of Houston: Cullen Performance Hall"</a>. <i>University of Houston</i>. The Cougar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220927194033/https://uh.edu/cullen-performance-hall/_images/CPH-seating-chart21.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nirsa.org/about/awards/awards_04.htm">the original</a> on June 17, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NIRSA+Awards&rft.pub=National+Intramural-Recreational+Sports+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nirsa.org%2Fabout%2Fawards%2Fawards_04.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKastendieck,_Todd" class="citation web cs1">Kastendieck, Todd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailycougar.com/static/vol70/19/news/news2.html">"CRWC wins national award"</a>. <i>The Daily Cougar</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Cougar&rft.atitle=CRWC+wins+national+award&rft.au=Kastendieck%2C+Todd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailycougar.com%2Fstatic%2Fvol70%2F19%2Fnews%2Fnews2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2010">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cpb.org/aboutcpb/leadership/board/resolutions/resolution.php?prn=807">"Appreciation for KUHT, Houston Public Television"</a>. <i>Resolution of the Board of Directors, Corporation for Public Broadcasting</i>. May 24, 1993. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218184423/http://www.cpb.org/aboutcpb/leadership/board/resolutions/resolution.php?prn=807">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Resolution+of+the+Board+of+Directors%2C+Corporation+for+Public+Broadcasting&rft.atitle=Appreciation+for+KUHT%2C+Houston+Public+Television&rft.date=1993-05-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cpb.org%2Faboutcpb%2Fleadership%2Fboard%2Fresolutions%2Fresolution.php%3Fprn%3D807&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcparch.com/textOnly/projects.cfm#81">Pelli Clarke Pelli Projects</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071016120014/http://pcparch.com/textOnly/projects.cfm#81">Archived</a> October 16, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects official site. Retrieved October 12, 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.lib.uh.edu/collection/p15195coll3/item/50">"Exterior view of the former President's residence, Weingarten House"</a>. University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191025161527/https://digital.lib.uh.edu/collection/p15195coll3/item/50">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Exterior+view+of+the+former+President%27s+residence%2C+Weingarten+House&rft.pub=University+of+Houston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.lib.uh.edu%2Fcollection%2Fp15195coll3%2Fitem%2F50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.lib.uh.edu/sca/digital/time/buildings_large.html?ID=83">"Wortham House"</a>. <i>UH Through Time</i>. University of Houston Libraries. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060903080416/http://info.lib.uh.edu/sca/digital/time/buildings_large.html?ID=83">Archived</a> from the original on September 3, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Houston&rft.atitle=Colleges%2C+Schools+%26+Departments&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuh.edu%2Facademics%2Fcolleges-departments&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bachelor_Degrees-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bachelor_Degrees_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uh.edu/ir/reports/statistical-handbook/2014/degree-programs/Inven%20of%20Degree%20Prog%202014-15%20-%20BACHELORS.pdf">"Inventory of Degree Programs: Bachelor Degrees"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151125233728/http://www.uh.edu/ir/reports/statistical-handbook/2014/degree-programs/Inven%20of%20Degree%20Prog%202014-15%20-%20BACHELORS.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on November 25, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inventory+of+Degree+Programs%3A+Bachelor+Degrees&rft.pub=University+of+Houston&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fir%2Freports%2Fstatistical-handbook%2F2014%2Fdegree-programs%2FInven%2520of%2520Degree%2520Prog%25202014-15%2520-%2520BACHELORS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Master_Degrees-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Master_Degrees_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uh.edu/ir/reports/statistical-handbook/2014/degree-programs/Inven%20of%20Degree%20Prog%202014-15%20-%20MASTERS.pdf">"Inventory of Degree Programs: Master Degrees"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151126002518/http://www.uh.edu/ir/reports/statistical-handbook/2014/degree-programs/Inven%20of%20Degree%20Prog%202014-15%20-%20MASTERS.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on November 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inventory+of+Degree+Programs%3A+Master+Degrees&rft.pub=University+of+Houston&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fir%2Freports%2Fstatistical-handbook%2F2014%2Fdegree-programs%2FInven%2520of%2520Degree%2520Prog%25202014-15%2520-%2520MASTERS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Doctoral_Degrees-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Doctoral_Degrees_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uh.edu/ir/reports/statistical-handbook/2014/degree-programs/Inven%20of%20Degree%20Prog%202014-15%20-%20PHD.pdf">"Inventory of Degree Programs: Doctoral Degrees"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230104193621/https://stories.uh.edu/2022-shasta-cub/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 4, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stories.uh.edu&rft.atitle=Introducing+Shasta+VII&rft.au=University+of+Houston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstories.uh.edu%2F2022-shasta-cub%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllison_Smith2009" class="citation web cs1">Allison Smith (March 26, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailycougar.com/fiesta-fun-in-full-swing-1.1629919">"Fiesta fun in full swing"</a>. <i>The Daily Cougar</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Cougar&rft.atitle=Fiesta+fun+in+full+swing&rft.date=2009-03-26&rft.au=Allison+Smith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailycougar.com%2Ffiesta-fun-in-full-swing-1.1629919&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070820190641/http://www.uh.edu/sc/cfi/">"Cougar First Impressions"</a>. UH Staff Council. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uh.edu/sc/cfi/">the original</a> on August 20, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cougar+First+Impressions&rft.pub=UH+Staff+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fsc%2Fcfi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhan2020" class="citation web cs1">Khan, Nabihah (September 8, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thedailycougar.com/2020/09/08/weeks-of-welcome-opening-events-go-virtual-for-fall-2020/">"Weeks of Welcome, opening events go virtual for Fall 2020"</a>. <i>The Cougar</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220927194035/https://thedailycougar.com/2020/09/08/weeks-of-welcome-opening-events-go-virtual-for-fall-2020/">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Cougar&rft.atitle=Weeks+of+Welcome%2C+opening+events+go+virtual+for+Fall+2020&rft.date=2020-09-08&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Nabihah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthedailycougar.com%2F2020%2F09%2F08%2Fweeks-of-welcome-opening-events-go-virtual-for-fall-2020%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Points_of_Pride-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Points_of_Pride_118-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uh.edu/about/uh-glance/points-pride/index.php">"University of Houston: Points of Pride"</a>. University of Houston. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111105073128/http://www.uh.edu/about/uh-glance/points-pride/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 18,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Houston%3A+Points+of+Pride&rft.pub=University+of+Houston&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uh.edu%2Fabout%2Fuh-glance%2Fpoints-pride%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.si.com/olympics/2022/07/14/olympic-legend-carl-lewis-named-track-coach-university-of-houston">Olympic Legend Carl Lewis Named Track Coach at University of Houston</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203155350/https://www.si.com/olympics/2022/07/14/olympic-legend-carl-lewis-named-track-coach-university-of-houston">Archived</a> December 3, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by Daniel Chavkin. SI, 14 Jul 2022. Retrieved 2022-12-03.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071016115224/http://uhcougars.cstv.com/trads/hou-trads-liberty.html">"Cougars Bowl Game Trivia"</a>. UH Athletics. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uhcougars.cstv.com/trads/hou-trads-liberty.html">the original</a> on October 16, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cougars+Bowl+Game+Trivia&rft.pub=UH+Athletics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuhcougars.cstv.com%2Ftrads%2Fhou-trads-liberty.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.txs.uscourts.gov/page/judge-alfred-h-bennetts-biography">"Judge Alfred H. Bennett's Biography"</a>. U.S. District & Bankruptcy Court-Southern District of Texas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220225042424/https://www.txs.uscourts.gov/page/judge-alfred-h-bennetts-biography">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Judge+Alfred+H.+Bennett%27s+Biography&rft.pub=U.S.+District+%26+Bankruptcy+Court-Southern+District+of+Texas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.txs.uscourts.gov%2Fpage%2Fjudge-alfred-h-bennetts-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://directory.texasscorecard.com/carol-alvarado">"Texas Directory"</a>. Texas Scorecard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220225042412/https://directory.texasscorecard.com/carol-alvarado">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Texas+Directory&rft.pub=Texas+Scorecard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdirectory.texasscorecard.com%2Fcarol-alvarado&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/James_White_(Texas)">"BallotPedia – James White (Texas)"</a>. BallotPedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220225042413/https://ballotpedia.org/James_White_(Texas)">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BallotPedia+%E2%80%93+James+White+%28Texas%29&rft.pub=BallotPedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FJames_White_%28Texas%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cfda.com/programs/designers/cfda-fashion-incubator/designer/jason-alkire-and-julie-alkire-haus-alkire">"Official CFDA Website"</a>. CFDA. May 25, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160920073456/https://cfda.com/programs/designers/cfda-fashion-incubator/designer/jason-alkire-and-julie-alkire-haus-alkire">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+CFDA+Website&rft.pub=CFDA&rft.date=2016-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcfda.com%2Fprograms%2Fdesigners%2Fcfda-fashion-incubator%2Fdesigner%2Fjason-alkire-and-julie-alkire-haus-alkire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdair,_WendyGutiérrez,_Oscar2001" class="citation book cs1">Adair, Wendy & Gutiérrez, Oscar (2001). <i>The University of Houston: Our Time: Celebrating 75 Years of Learning and Leading</i>. The Donning Company Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57864-143-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-57864-143-8"><bdi>1-57864-143-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+University+of+Houston%3A+Our+Time%3A+Celebrating+75+Years+of+Learning+and+Leading&rft.pub=The+Donning+Company+Publishers&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-57864-143-8&rft.au=Adair%2C+Wendy&rft.au=Guti%C3%A9rrez%2C+Oscar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholson,_Patrick_J1977" class="citation book cs1">Nicholson, Patrick J (1977). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/intimeanecdotalh0000nich"><i>In Time: An Anecdotal History of the First Fifty Years of the University of Houston</i></a></span>. Pacesetter Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88415-371-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-88415-371-1"><bdi>0-88415-371-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Time%3A+An+Anecdotal+History+of+the+First+Fifty+Years+of+the+University+of+Houston&rft.pub=Pacesetter+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-88415-371-1&rft.au=Nicholson%2C+Patrick+J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintimeanecdotalh0000nich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Houston" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox 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/></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:University_of_Houston" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:University of Houston">University of Houston</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uh.edu/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472358#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="University_of_Houston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Houston" title="Template:University of Houston"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_Houston" title="Template talk:University of Houston"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_Houston" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of Houston"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_Houston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">University of Houston</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;"><div><b>Located in</b>: <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Houston</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Texas</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;;width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;">Colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hines_College_of_Architecture" title="Hines College of Architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_the_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of the Arts">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauer_College_of_Business" title="Bauer College of Business">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cullen_College_of_Engineering" title="Cullen College of Engineering">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilton_College_of_Hotel_and_Restaurant_Management" title="Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management">Hotel and Restaurant Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Law_Center" title="University of Houston Law Center">Law Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Liberal_Arts_and_Social_Sciences" title="University of Houston College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences">Liberal Arts and Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Medicine" title="University of Houston College of Medicine">Medicine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uh.edu/nursing/">Nursing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Natural_Sciences_and_Mathematics" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics">Natural Sciences and Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Optometry" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Optometry">Optometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Pharmacy" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston College of Pharmacy">Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Graduate_College_of_Social_Work" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Houston Graduate College of Social Work">Social Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_College_of_Technology" title="University of Houston College of Technology">Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;">Programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moores_School_of_Music" title="Moores School of Music">Moores School of Music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_University_of_Houston" title="List of presidents of the University of Houston">Presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Houston_Collegiate_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="University of Houston"><img alt="University of Houston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/University_of_Houston_Collegiate_Logo.png/80px-University_of_Houston_Collegiate_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/University_of_Houston_Collegiate_Logo.png/120px-University_of_Houston_Collegiate_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/University_of_Houston_Collegiate_Logo.png/160px-University_of_Houston_Collegiate_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="1611" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars" title="Houston Cougars"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Athletics</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_baseball" title="Houston Cougars baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_football" title="Houston Cougars football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_men%27s_basketball" title="Houston Cougars men's basketball">Men's basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_women%27s_basketball" title="Houston Cougars women's basketball">Women's basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_golf" title="Houston Cougars golf">Golf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_softball" title="Houston Cougars softball">Softball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Cougars_women%27s_volleyball" title="Houston Cougars women's volleyball">Women's volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston%E2%80%93Rice_rivalry" title="Houston–Rice rivalry">Houston–Rice rivalry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fertitta_Center" title="Fertitta Center">Fertitta Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TDECU_Stadium" title="TDECU Stadium">TDECU Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schroeder_Park" title="Schroeder Park">Schroeder Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cougar_Softball_Stadium" title="Cougar Softball Stadium">Cougar Softball Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Tellez_Track_at_Carl_Lewis_International_Complex" title="Tom Tellez Track at Carl Lewis International Complex">Carl Lewis International Complex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;;width:1%">Broadcasting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KUHT" title="KUHT">KUHT</a> (TV 8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/KUHF" title="KUHF">KUHF</a> (News 88.7)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;;width:1%">Campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A,A" title="A,A">A,A</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaffer_Art_Museum" title="Blaffer Art Museum">Blaffer Art Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Charter_School" title="University of Houston Charter School">Charter School</a> (Closed August 2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farm_to_Market_Road_865" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm to Market Road 865">Cullen Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cullen_Performance_Hall" title="Cullen Performance Hall">Cullen Performance Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel_W._Cullen_Building" title="Ezekiel W. Cullen Building">Ezekiel W. Cullen Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_G._Cullen_Building" title="Roy G. Cullen Building">Roy G. Cullen Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilton_College_of_Hotel_and_Restaurant_Management" title="Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management">Hilton University of Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Libraries" title="University of Houston Libraries">M.D. Anderson Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KUHT" title="KUHT">Melcher Center for Public Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moody_Towers" title="Moody Towers">Moody Towers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moores_School_of_Music" title="Moores School of Music">Moores Opera House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_Police_Department" title="University of Houston Police Department">Police Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UH_Physics_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="UH Physics Department">Physics Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Center_for_Superconductivity" title="Texas Center for Superconductivity">Texas Center for Superconductivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Oaks,_Houston" title="University Oaks, Houston">University Oaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Woods_Mitchell_Center_for_the_Arts" title="Cynthia Woods Mitchell Center for the Arts">Cynthia Woods Mitchell Center for the Arts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;;width:1%">Student life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cougar_(newspaper)" title="The Cougar (newspaper)">The Cougar</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoogTV" title="CoogTV">CoogTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_student_housing" title="University of Houston student housing">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_of_Houston_people" title="List of University of Houston people">Alumni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;;width:1%">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Cougar_Fight_Song_(University_of_Houston)" title="Cougar Fight Song (University of Houston)">Cougar Fight Song</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Fiesta" title="Frontier Fiesta">Frontier Fiesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_(mascot)" title="Shasta (mascot)">Shasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_of_Houston" title="Spirit of Houston">Spirit of Houston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;"><div> <ul><li><b>Founded</b>: 1927</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="University_of_Houston_System" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#C8102E; color:white; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #888B8D, inset -2px -2px 0 #888B8D;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Houston_System" title="Template:University of Houston System"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:University_of_Houston_System" title="Template talk:University of Houston System"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:University_of_Houston_System" title="Special:EditPage/Template:University of Houston System"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="University_of_Houston_System" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_System" title="University of Houston System"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">University of Houston System</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University of Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Clear_Lake" title="University of Houston–Clear Lake">UH–Clear Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Downtown" title="University of Houston–Downtown">UH–Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Victoria" title="University of Houston–Victoria">UH–Victoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Third_Ward,_Houston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Third_Ward,_Houston" title="Template:Third Ward, Houston"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Third_Ward,_Houston" title="Template talk:Third Ward, Houston"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Third_Ward,_Houston" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Third Ward, Houston"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Third_Ward,_Houston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Third_Ward,_Houston" title="Third Ward, Houston">Third Ward, Houston</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Geography</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighborhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuney_Homes" title="Cuney Homes">Cuney Homes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_Terrace,_Houston" title="Riverside Terrace, Houston">Riverside Terrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Oaks,_Houston" title="University Oaks, Houston">University Oaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Terrace,_Houston" title="Washington Terrace, Houston">Washington Terrace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Education</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary and secondary schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Independent_School_District" title="Houston Independent School District">Houston ISD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baylor_College_of_Medicine_Academy_at_Ryan" title="Baylor College of Medicine Academy at Ryan">BCM at Ryan MS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yates_High_School" title="Yates High School">Yates HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_Institute_High_School" title="Energy Institute High School">Energy Institute HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Women%27s_College_Preparatory_Academy" title="Young Women's College Preparatory Academy">Young Women's CPA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lawson_Academy" title="The Lawson Academy">The Lawson Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellowstone_Schools" title="Yellowstone Schools">Yellowstone Schools</a></li></ul></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Closed" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li>HISD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Middle_School_(Houston)" title="Ryan Middle School (Houston)">Ryan MS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Learning_Center" title="Contemporary Learning Center">CLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_College_for_Technology_Careers" title="Middle College for Technology Careers">Middle College for Technology Careers</a></li></ul></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Southern_University" title="Texas Southern University">Texas Southern University</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University of Houston</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Houston" title="Template:University of Houston">template</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Public_Library" title="Houston Public Library">Houston Public Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Community_College" title="Houston Community College">Houston Community College</a> (nearest campus in <a href="/wiki/Midtown,_Houston" title="Midtown, Houston">Midtown</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Other</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eldorado_Ballroom" title="Eldorado Ballroom">Eldorado Ballroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emancipation_Park_(Houston)" title="Emancipation Park (Houston)">Emancipation Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frenchy%27s_Chicken" title="Frenchy's Chicken">Frenchy's Chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacGregor_Park" title="MacGregor Park">MacGregor Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Row_Houses" title="Project Row Houses">Project Row Houses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/METRORail" title="METRORail">METRORail</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elgin/Third_Ward_(METRORail_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elgin/Third Ward (METRORail station)">Elgin/Third Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSU/UH_Athletics_District_(METRORail_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="TSU/UH Athletics District (METRORail station)">TSU/UH Athletics District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UH_South/University_Oaks_(METRORail_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="UH South/University Oaks (METRORail station)">UH South/University Oaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeland/Third_Ward_(METRORail_station)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leeland/Third Ward (METRORail station)">Leeland/Third Ward</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.<br />This template refers to the modern Third Ward and not the <a href="/wiki/Six_wards_of_Houston" class="mw-redirect" title="Six wards of Houston">historical political definition</a>. Exact definitions of the Third Ward <a href="/wiki/Third_Ward,_Houston#Boundaries" title="Third Ward, Houston">differ depending on the agency/authority/person</a>.<br />Leeland/Third Ward is outside of the common boundaries of the Third Ward but is in close proximity.<br /><a href="/wiki/DeBakey_High_School_for_Health_Professions" title="DeBakey High School for Health Professions">DeBakey HSHP</a> was in the Third Ward area but moved away from it in summer 2017.<br /><a href="/wiki/Pro-Vision_Academy" title="Pro-Vision Academy">Pro-Vision Academy</a> was in the Third Ward from 1995 to 2008, moving to <a href="/wiki/Sunnyside,_Houston" title="Sunnyside, Houston">Sunnyside</a> afterwards.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Education_in_Harris_County,_Texas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Education_in_Harris_County,_Texas" title="Template:Education in Harris County, Texas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Education_in_Harris_County,_Texas" title="Template talk:Education in Harris County, Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Education_in_Harris_County,_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Education in Harris County, Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Education_in_Harris_County,_Texas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Houston" title="Education in Houston">Education in Harris County, Texas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">K-12</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">School districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldine_Independent_School_District" title="Aldine Independent School District">Aldine ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alief_Independent_School_District" title="Alief Independent School District">Alief ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channelview_Independent_School_District" title="Channelview Independent School District">Channelview ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Creek_Independent_School_District" title="Clear Creek Independent School District">Clear Creek ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosby_Independent_School_District" title="Crosby Independent School District">Crosby ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypress-Fairbanks_Independent_School_District" title="Cypress-Fairbanks Independent School District">Cypress-Fairbanks ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Independent_School_District" title="Dayton Independent School District">Dayton ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deer_Park_Independent_School_District" title="Deer Park Independent School District">Deer Park ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galena_Park_Independent_School_District" title="Galena Park Independent School District">Galena Park ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goose_Creek_Consolidated_Independent_School_District" title="Goose Creek Consolidated Independent School District">Goose Creek CISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Independent_School_District" title="Houston Independent School District">Houston ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huffman_Independent_School_District" title="Huffman Independent School District">Huffman ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humble_Independent_School_District" title="Humble Independent School District">Humble ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katy_Independent_School_District" title="Katy Independent School District">Katy ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klein_Independent_School_District" title="Klein Independent School District">Klein ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Porte_Independent_School_District" title="La Porte Independent School District">La Porte ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasadena_Independent_School_District" title="Pasadena Independent School District">Pasadena ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearland_Independent_School_District" title="Pearland Independent School District">Pearland ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Independent_School_District" title="Sheldon Independent School District">Sheldon ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Independent_School_District" title="Spring Independent School District">Spring ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Branch_Independent_School_District" title="Spring Branch Independent School District">Spring Branch ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafford_Municipal_School_District" title="Stafford Municipal School District">Stafford MSD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomball_Independent_School_District" title="Tomball Independent School District">Tomball ISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waller_Independent_School_District" title="Waller Independent School District">Waller ISD</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Defunct" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Forest_Independent_School_District" title="North Forest Independent School District">North Forest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">County agency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harris_County_Department_of_Education" title="Harris County Department of Education">Harris County Department of Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tertiary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_System" title="University of Houston System">UH System</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Houston_System" title="Template:University of Houston System">template</a>) <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">U. of Houston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Houston" title="Template:University of Houston">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Downtown" title="University of Houston–Downtown">UH-Downtown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Downtown" title="Template:University of Houston–Downtown">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Clear_Lake" title="University of Houston–Clear Lake">UH–Clear Lake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Southern_University" title="Texas Southern University">Texas Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Texas_Southern_University" title="Template:Texas Southern University">template</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Christian_University" title="Houston Christian University">Houston Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Houston_Christian_University" title="Template:Houston Christian University">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_University" title="Rice University">Rice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Rice_University" title="Template:Rice University">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Thomas_(Texas)" title="University of St. Thomas (Texas)">St. Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Community colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Community_College" title="Houston Community College">Houston Community College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_Star_College_System" title="Lone Star College System">Lone Star College System</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Lone_Star_College_System" title="Template:Lone Star College System">Template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jacinto_College" title="San Jacinto College">San Jacinto College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_College" title="Lee College">Lee College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Professional schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Texas_College_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="South Texas College of Law">South Texas College of Law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Public_Library" title="Houston Public Library">Houston Public Library</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Ideson_Building" title="Julia Ideson Building">Julia Ideson Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heights_Neighborhood_Library" title="Heights Neighborhood Library">Heights Neighborhood Library</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_County_Public_Library" title="Harris County Public Library">Harris County Public Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Supplementary<br />education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Language_Supplementary_School_of_Houston" title="Japanese Language Supplementary School of Houston">Japanese Language Supplementary School of Houston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tertiary_education_in_Greater_Houston" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tertiary_education_in_Greater_Houston" title="Template:Tertiary education in Greater Houston"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tertiary_education_in_Greater_Houston" title="Template talk:Tertiary education in Greater Houston"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tertiary_education_in_Greater_Houston" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tertiary education in Greater Houston"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tertiary_education_in_Greater_Houston" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Houston" title="Education in Houston">Tertiary education in Greater Houston</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Universities"><b>Universities</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_System" title="University of Houston System">UH System</a> (<a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Houston_System" title="Template:University of Houston System">template</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">U. of Houston</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Houston" title="Template:University of Houston">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Downtown" title="University of Houston–Downtown">UH-Downtown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Downtown" title="Template:University of Houston–Downtown">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Clear_Lake" title="University of Houston–Clear Lake">UH–Clear Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_View_A%26M_University" title="Prairie View A&M University">Prairie View A&M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Southern_University" title="Texas Southern University">Texas Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Texas_Southern_University" title="Template:Texas Southern University">template</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Christian_University" title="Houston Christian University">Houston Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Houston_Christian_University" title="Template:Houston Christian University">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_University" title="Rice University">Rice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Rice_University" title="Template:Rice University">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Thomas_(Texas)" title="University of St. Thomas (Texas)">St. Thomas</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Closed" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_University_(Galveston,_Texas)" title="St. Mary's University (Galveston, Texas)">St. Mary's University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Community_colleges"><b>Community colleges</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Community_College" title="Houston Community College">Houston CC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lone_Star_College_System" title="Lone Star College System">Lone Star</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Lone_Star_College_System" title="Template:Lone Star College System">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jacinto_College" title="San Jacinto College">San Jacinto (Pasadena)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_College" title="Lee College">Lee (Baytown)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Community_College" title="Alvin Community College">Alvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazosport_College" title="Brazosport College">Brazosport (Lake Jackson)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_the_Mainland" title="College of the Mainland">C. of the Mainland (Texas City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galveston_College" title="Galveston College">Galveston C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wharton_County_Junior_College" title="Wharton County Junior College">Wharton County Junior C.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private unaccredited</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Ridge_Christian_College" title="Bay Ridge Christian College">Bay Ridge Christian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Professional_schools"><b>Professional schools</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Law schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Texas_College_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="South Texas College of Law">South Texas College of Law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Texas&#124;link=Texas_Texas_state_universities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Public_universities_in_Texas" title="Template:Public universities in Texas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Public_universities_in_Texas" title="Template talk:Public universities in Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Public_universities_in_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Public universities in Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Texas&#124;link=Texas_Texas_state_universities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas"><img alt="Texas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/45px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Texas state universities</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston_System" title="University of Houston System">University of Houston System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University of Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Clear_Lake" title="University of Houston–Clear Lake">UH–Clear Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Downtown" title="University of Houston–Downtown">UH–Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston%E2%80%93Victoria" title="University of Houston–Victoria">UH–Victoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_System" title="University of North Texas System">University of North Texas System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas" title="University of North Texas">University of North Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_at_Dallas" title="University of North Texas at Dallas">UNT Dallas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_System" title="University of Texas System">University of Texas System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Arlington" title="University of Texas at Arlington">Arlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Dallas" title="University of Texas at Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_El_Paso" title="University of Texas at El Paso">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Permian_Basin" title="University of Texas Permian Basin">Permian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Rio_Grande_Valley" title="University of Texas Rio Grande Valley">Rio Grande Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_San_Antonio" title="University of Texas at San Antonio">San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_F._Austin_State_University" title="Stephen F. Austin State University">Stephen F. Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Tyler" title="University of Texas at Tyler">Tyler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_System" title="Texas A&M University System">Texas A&M System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Texas_A%26M_University" title="East Texas A&M University">East Texas A&M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_View_A%26M_University" title="Prairie View A&M University">Prairie View A&M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarleton_State_University" title="Tarleton State University">Tarleton State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University" title="Texas A&M University">Texas A&M</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University_at_Galveston" title="Texas A&M University at Galveston">Texas A&M University at Galveston</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_International_University" title="Texas A&M International University">Texas A&M International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University%E2%80%93Central_Texas" title="Texas A&M University–Central Texas">Texas A&M–Central Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University%E2%80%93Corpus_Christi" title="Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi">Texas A&M–Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University%E2%80%93Kingsville" title="Texas A&M University–Kingsville">Texas A&M–Kingsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University%E2%80%93San_Antonio" title="Texas A&M University–San Antonio">Texas A&M–San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_A%26M_University%E2%80%93Texarkana" title="Texas A&M University–Texarkana">Texas A&M–Texarkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Texas_A%26M_University" title="West Texas A&M University">West Texas A&M</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_University_System" title="Texas State University System">Texas State System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_University" title="Lamar University">Lamar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Houston_State_University" title="Sam Houston State University">Sam Houston State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sul_Ross_State_University" title="Sul Ross State University">Sul Ross State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_State_University" title="Texas State University">Texas State</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Tech_University_System" title="Texas Tech University System">Texas Tech System</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelo_State_University" title="Angelo State University">Angelo State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_State_University" title="Midwestern State University">Midwestern State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Tech_University" title="Texas Tech University">Texas Tech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Woman%27s_University" title="Texas Woman's University">Texas Woman's</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Woman%27s_University" title="Texas Woman's University">Texas Woman's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Southern_University" title="Texas Southern University">Texas Southern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/Texas_Higher_Education_Coordinating_Board" title="Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board">Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472358#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472358#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472358#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000415699707">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/131213901">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/30935-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79022298">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12397139t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12397139t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35208291">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="University of Houston"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2011655960&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/409909">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90062925">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810545024405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007581052705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/1fcb2289-9d1b-4126-a196-5f5a8cbffd1c">MusicBrainz place</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA05434303?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500312902">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/865766">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/033067430">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&oldid=1258572924">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Houston&oldid=1258572924</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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