CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="it" xml:lang="it" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <title>Iodine oxoacids enhance nucleation of sulfuric acid particles in the atmosphere - CERN Document Server</title> <link href='https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/css/cern_theme.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet"href="/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar.css" type="text/css" />    <link rel="canonical" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="el" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=el" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=fr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="bg" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=bg" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=zh_TW" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=pt" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="no" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=no" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="hr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=hr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ca" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=ca" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=de" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=it" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=zh_CN" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=sv" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sk" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=sk" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=en" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=pl" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=ru" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ka" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=ka" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=ja" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038?ln=es" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CERN Document Server RSS" href="/rss?ln=it" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cds.cern.ch/opensearchdescription" title="CERN Document Server" /> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="https://cds.cern.ch/unapi" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="it" /> <meta name="description" content="The main nucleating vapor in the atmosphere is thought to be sulfuric acid (H2SO4), stabilized by ammonia (NH3). However, in marine and polar regions, NH3 is generally low, and H2SO4 is frequently found together with iodine oxoacids [HIOx, i.e., iodic acid (HIO3) and iodous acid (HIO2)]. In experiments performed with the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber, we investigated the interplay of H2SO4 and HIOx during atmospheric particle nucleation. We found that HIOx greatly enhances H2SO4(-NH3) nucleation through two different interactions. First, HIO3 strongly binds with H2SO4 in charged clusters so they drive particle nucleation synergistically. Second, HIO2 substitutes for NH3, forming strongly bound H2SO4-HIO2 acid-base pairs in molecular clusters. Global observations imply that HIOx is enhancing H2SO4(-NH3) nucleation rates 10- to 10,000-fold in marine and polar regions. He, Xu-Cheng; Simon, Mario; Iyer, Siddharth; Xie, Hong-Bin; Rörup, Birte; Shen, Jiali; Finkenzeller, Henning; Stolzenburg, Dominik; Zhang, Rongjie; Baccarini, Andrea; Tham, Yee Jun; Wang, Mingyi; Amanatidis, Stavros; Piedehierro, Ana A; Amorim, Antonio; Baalbaki, Rima; Brasseur, Zoé; Caudillo, Lucía; Chu, Biwu; Dada, Lubna; Duplissy, Jonathan; Haddad, Imad El; Flagan, Richard C; Granzin, Manuel; Hansel, Armin; Heinritzi, Martin; Hofbauer, Victoria; Jokinen, Tuija; Kemppainen, Deniz; Kong, Weimeng; Krechmer, Jordan; Kürten, Andreas; Lamkaddam, Houssni; Lopez, Brandon; Ma, Fangfang; Mahfouz, Naser G A; Makhmutov, Vladimir; Manninen, Hanna E; Marie, Guillaume; Marten, Ruby; Massabò, Dario; Mauldin, Roy L; Mentler, Bernhard; Onnela, Antti; Petäjä, Tuukka; Pfeifer, Joschka; Philippov, Maxim; Ranjithkumar, Ananth; Rissanen, Matti P; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Scholz, Wiebke; Schulze, Benjamin; Surdu, Mihnea; Thakur, Roseline C; Tomé, António; Wagner, Andrea C; Wang, Dongyu; Wang, Yonghong; Weber, Stefan K; Welti, André; Winkler, Paul M; Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel; Baltensperger, Urs; Curtius, Joachim; Kurtén, Theo; Worsnop, Douglas R; Volkamer, Rainer; Lehtipalo, Katrianne; Kirkby, Jasper; Donahue, Neil M; Sipilä, Mikko; Kulmala, Markku" /> <meta name="keywords" content="CERN Document Server, WebSearch, CERN Document Server" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script>  <meta content="American Association for the Advancement of Science : Iodine oxoacids enhance nucleation of sulfuric acid particles in the atmosphere" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="He, Xu-Cheng" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Weber, Stefan K" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Scholz, Wiebke" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Donahue, Neil M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Zhang, Rongjie" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Wang, Yonghong" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Caudillo, Lucía" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kemppainen, Deniz" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Onnela, Antti" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Hofbauer, Victoria" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Marten, Ruby" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Philippov, Maxim" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Marie, Guillaume" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Jokinen, Tuija" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Finkenzeller, Henning" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Shen, Jiali" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kulmala, Markku" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Schobesberger, Siegfried" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Mauldin, Roy L" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Worsnop, Douglas R" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Massabò, Dario" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Amanatidis, Stavros" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Welti, André" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Xie, Hong-Bin" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kurtén, Theo" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Iyer, Siddharth" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Duplissy, Jonathan" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Curtius, Joachim" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Thakur, Roseline C" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Tham, Yee Jun" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Haddad, Imad El" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Lopez, Brandon" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Baltensperger, Urs" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Granzin, Manuel" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Dada, Lubna" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Pfeifer, Joschka" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Petäjä, Tuukka" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Heinritzi, Martin" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Hansel, Armin" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Wang, Mingyi" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Volkamer, Rainer" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Simon, Mario" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Surdu, Mihnea" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Lamkaddam, Houssni" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Mahfouz, Naser G A" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Krechmer, Jordan" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Baccarini, Andrea" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Rörup, Birte" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Tomé, António" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Wang, Dongyu" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Wagner, Andrea C" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Flagan, Richard C" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Sipilä, Mikko" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Chu, Biwu" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Amorim, Antonio" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Lehtipalo, Katrianne" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Makhmutov, Vladimir" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Piedehierro, Ana A" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Manninen, Hanna E" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kong, Weimeng" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Mentler, Bernhard" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Brasseur, Zoé" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Schulze, Benjamin" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Rissanen, Matti P" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Ma, Fangfang" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kirkby, Jasper" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Ranjithkumar, Ananth" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kürten, Andreas" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Baalbaki, Rima" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Stolzenburg, Dominik" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Winkler, Paul M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="10.1126/science.adh2526" name="citation_doi" /> <meta content="Science" name="citation_journal_title" /> <meta content="382" name="citation_volume" /> <meta content="adh2526" name="citation_firstpage" /> <meta content="2023" name="citation_publication_date" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2024/01/10"> <meta content="10.1126/science.adh2526" name="citation_doi" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.pdf" />  <meta content="American Association for the Advancement of Science" property="og:title" /> <meta content="Iodine oxoacids enhance nucleation of sulfuric acid particles in the atmosphere" property="og:title" /> <meta content="website" property="og:type" /> <meta content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038" property="og:url" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-1440" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-1440" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-1440" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.gif?subformat=icon" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.gif?subformat=icon" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-180" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-180" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-1440" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-1440" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-640" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-640" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-700" /> <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.jpg?subformat=icon-700" /> <meta content="CERN Document Server" property="og:site_name" /> <meta content="American Association for the Advancement of Science" property="og:description" /> <meta content="The main nucleating vapor in the atmosphere is thought to be sulfuric acid (H2SO4), stabilized by ammonia (NH3). However, in marine and polar regions, NH3 is generally low, and H2SO4 is frequently found together with iodine oxoacids [HIOx, i.e., iodic acid (HIO3) and iodous acid (HIO2)]. In experiments performed with the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber, we investigated the interplay of H2SO4 and HIOx during atmospheric particle nucleation. We found that HIOx greatly enhances H2SO4(-NH3) nucleation through two different interactions. First, HIO3 strongly binds with H2SO4 in charged clusters so they drive particle nucleation synergistically. Second, HIO2 substitutes for NH3, forming strongly bound H2SO4-HIO2 acid-base pairs in molecular clusters. Global observations imply that HIOx is enhancing H2SO4(-NH3) nucleation rates 10- to 10,000-fold in marine and polar regions." property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="it">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=it&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2886038%3Fln%3Dit" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=it">Cerca</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=it">Sottometti</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=it">Aiuto</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=it">Personalizza</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=it">I tuoi avvisi</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=it">I tuoi cestini</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=it">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=it">Le tue ricerche</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=it" class="navtrail">Pagina principale</a> > Iodine oxoacids enhance nucleation of sulfuric acid particles in the atmosphere </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2886038/?ln=it">Informazioni </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2886038/files?ln=it">File </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2886038"></abbr> <style type="text/css">  </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('https://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2">  Article </td> </tr> <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('.showAuthor').on('click', function() { var author = '<p>' + $(this).data('name') + '</p>'; var affiliation = $(this).data('affiliation') + '</br>'; var contribution = $(this).data('contribution') + '</br>'; $.magnificPopup.open({ items: { src: '<div id="ovelary-mathjax" class="overlay-white oc-content overlay-white-500">' + author + affiliation + contribution + '</div>', type: 'inline' }, callbacks: { open: function() { var div = document.getElementById("overlay-mathjax") MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset", MathJax.Hub, div]); }, } }) }) }); </script> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>Iodine oxoacids enhance nucleation of sulfuric acid particles in the atmosphere</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> Author(s) </span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> function toggle_authors_visibility(){ var more = document.getElementById('more'); var link = document.getElementById('link'); var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); if (more.style.display=='none'){ more.style.display = ''; extension.style.display = 'none'; link.innerHTML = "Nascondi" } else { more.style.display = 'none'; extension.style.display = ''; link.innerHTML = "Visualizza tutti i 72 autori" } link.style.color = "rgb(204,0,0);" } function set_up(){ var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); extension.innerHTML = ""; toggle_authors_visibility(); } </script> <a name="show_hide" /><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=He%2C%20Xu-Cheng&ln=it">He, Xu-Cheng</a> (Helsinki U. ; Carnegie Mellon U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Simon%2C%20Mario&ln=it">Simon, Mario</a> (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Iyer%2C%20Siddharth&ln=it">Iyer, Siddharth</a> (Tampere U. of Tech.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Xie%2C%20Hong-Bin&ln=it">Xie, Hong-Bin</a> (Shanghai Jiao Tong U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=R%C3%B6rup%2C%20Birte&ln=it">Rörup, Birte</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Shen%2C%20Jiali&ln=it">Shen, Jiali</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Finkenzeller%2C%20Henning&ln=it">Finkenzeller, Henning</a> (Colorado U. ; Colorado U., CIRES) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Stolzenburg%2C%20Dominik&ln=it">Stolzenburg, Dominik</a> (Helsinki U. ; Vienna U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Zhang%2C%20Rongjie&ln=it">Zhang, Rongjie</a> (Shanghai Jiao Tong U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Baccarini%2C%20Andrea&ln=it">Baccarini, Andrea</a> (PSI, Villigen ; Ecole Polytechnique, Lausanne)<span id="more" style=""> ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Tham%2C%20Yee%20Jun&ln=it">Tham, Yee Jun</a> (Helsinki U. ; Zhongshan U., Zhuhai) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Wang%2C%20Mingyi&ln=it">Wang, Mingyi</a> (Caltech) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Amanatidis%2C%20Stavros&ln=it">Amanatidis, Stavros</a> (Caltech) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Piedehierro%2C%20Ana%20A&ln=it">Piedehierro, Ana A</a> (Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Amorim%2C%20Antonio&ln=it">Amorim, Antonio</a> (CMAF, Lisbon) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Baalbaki%2C%20Rima&ln=it">Baalbaki, Rima</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Brasseur%2C%20Zo%C3%A9&ln=it">Brasseur, Zoé</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Caudillo%2C%20Luc%C3%ADa&ln=it">Caudillo, Lucía</a> (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Chu%2C%20Biwu&ln=it">Chu, Biwu</a> (Helsinki U. ; Beijing, Inst. High Energy Phys.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Dada%2C%20Lubna&ln=it">Dada, Lubna</a> (Helsinki U. ; PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Duplissy%2C%20Jonathan&ln=it">Duplissy, Jonathan</a> (Helsinki U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Haddad%2C%20Imad%20El&ln=it">Haddad, Imad El</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Flagan%2C%20Richard%20C&ln=it">Flagan, Richard C</a> (Caltech) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Granzin%2C%20Manuel&ln=it">Granzin, Manuel</a> (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Hansel%2C%20Armin&ln=it">Hansel, Armin</a> (Innsbruck U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Heinritzi%2C%20Martin&ln=it">Heinritzi, Martin</a> (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Hofbauer%2C%20Victoria&ln=it">Hofbauer, Victoria</a> (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Jokinen%2C%20Tuija&ln=it">Jokinen, Tuija</a> (Helsinki U. ; Cyprus Inst.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kemppainen%2C%20Deniz&ln=it">Kemppainen, Deniz</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kong%2C%20Weimeng&ln=it">Kong, Weimeng</a> (Caltech) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Krechmer%2C%20Jordan&ln=it">Krechmer, Jordan</a> (New England Nucl.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=K%C3%BCrten%2C%20Andreas&ln=it">Kürten, Andreas</a> (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Lamkaddam%2C%20Houssni&ln=it">Lamkaddam, Houssni</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Lopez%2C%20Brandon&ln=it">Lopez, Brandon</a> (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Ma%2C%20Fangfang&ln=it">Ma, Fangfang</a> (Shanghai Jiao Tong U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Mahfouz%2C%20Naser%20G%20A&ln=it">Mahfouz, Naser G A</a> (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Makhmutov%2C%20Vladimir&ln=it">Makhmutov, Vladimir</a> (Lebedev Inst. ; Moscow, MIPT) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Manninen%2C%20Hanna%20E&ln=it">Manninen, Hanna E</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Marie%2C%20Guillaume&ln=it">Marie, Guillaume</a> (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Marten%2C%20Ruby&ln=it">Marten, Ruby</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Massab%C3%B2%2C%20Dario&ln=it">Massabò, Dario</a> (Genoa U. ; INFN, Genoa) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Mauldin%2C%20Roy%20L&ln=it">Mauldin, Roy L</a> (Carnegie Mellon U. ; Colorado U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Mentler%2C%20Bernhard&ln=it">Mentler, Bernhard</a> (Innsbruck U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Onnela%2C%20Antti&ln=it">Onnela, Antti</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Pet%C3%A4j%C3%A4%2C%20Tuukka&ln=it">Petäjä, Tuukka</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Pfeifer%2C%20Joschka&ln=it">Pfeifer, Joschka</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Philippov%2C%20Maxim&ln=it">Philippov, Maxim</a> (Lebedev Inst.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Ranjithkumar%2C%20Ananth&ln=it">Ranjithkumar, Ananth</a> (British Antarctic Survey) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Rissanen%2C%20Matti%20P&ln=it">Rissanen, Matti P</a> (Tampere U. of Tech. ; Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Schobesberger%2C%20Siegfried&ln=it">Schobesberger, Siegfried</a> (Aalto U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Scholz%2C%20Wiebke&ln=it">Scholz, Wiebke</a> (Innsbruck U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Schulze%2C%20Benjamin&ln=it">Schulze, Benjamin</a> (Caltech) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Surdu%2C%20Mihnea&ln=it">Surdu, Mihnea</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Thakur%2C%20Roseline%20C&ln=it">Thakur, Roseline C</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Tom%C3%A9%2C%20Ant%C3%B3nio&ln=it">Tomé, António</a> (Beira Interior U., Covilha ; UBI, Covilha) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Wagner%2C%20Andrea%20C&ln=it">Wagner, Andrea C</a> (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Wang%2C%20Dongyu&ln=it">Wang, Dongyu</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Wang%2C%20Yonghong&ln=it">Wang, Yonghong</a> (Helsinki U. ; Beijing, Inst. High Energy Phys.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Weber%2C%20Stefan%20K&ln=it">Weber, Stefan K</a> (CERN ; Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Welti%2C%20Andr%C3%A9&ln=it">Welti, André</a> (Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Winkler%2C%20Paul%20M&ln=it">Winkler, Paul M</a> (Vienna U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Zauner-Wieczorek%2C%20Marcel&ln=it">Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel</a> (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Baltensperger%2C%20Urs&ln=it">Baltensperger, Urs</a> (PSI, Villigen) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Curtius%2C%20Joachim&ln=it">Curtius, Joachim</a> (Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kurt%C3%A9n%2C%20Theo&ln=it">Kurtén, Theo</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Worsnop%2C%20Douglas%20R&ln=it">Worsnop, Douglas R</a> (Helsinki U. ; New England Nucl.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Volkamer%2C%20Rainer&ln=it">Volkamer, Rainer</a> (Colorado U. ; Colorado U., CIRES) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Lehtipalo%2C%20Katrianne&ln=it">Lehtipalo, Katrianne</a> (Helsinki U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kirkby%2C%20Jasper&ln=it">Kirkby, Jasper</a> (CERN ; Frankfurt U., FIAS ; Frankfurt U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Donahue%2C%20Neil%20M&ln=it">Donahue, Neil M</a> (Carnegie Mellon U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Sipil%C3%A4%2C%20Mikko&ln=it">Sipilä, Mikko</a> (Helsinki U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kulmala%2C%20Markku&ln=it">Kulmala, Markku</a> (Helsinki U. ; Helsinki Inst. of Phys. ; Nanjing U. (main) ; Beijing U. of Chem. Tech.)</span> <span id="extension"></span> <small><i><a id="link" href="#" onclick="toggle_authors_visibility()" style="color:rgb(204,0,0);"></a></i></small><script type="text/javascript">set_up()</script></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2023</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Number of pages </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">7</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adh2526"><i>Science</i> 382 (2023) adh2526</a> </a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> DOI </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adh2526" title="DOI" target="_blank">10.1126/science.adh2526</a> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Accelerator/Facility, Experiment </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?p=CLOUD&f=693__a">CLOUD</a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">The main nucleating vapor in the atmosphere is thought to be sulfuric acid (H2SO4), stabilized by ammonia (NH3). However, in marine and polar regions, NH3 is generally low, and H2SO4 is frequently found together with iodine oxoacids [HIOx, i.e., iodic acid (HIO3) and iodous acid (HIO2)]. In experiments performed with the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber, we investigated the interplay of H2SO4 and HIOx during atmospheric particle nucleation. We found that HIOx greatly enhances H2SO4(-NH3) nucleation through two different interactions. First, HIO3 strongly binds with H2SO4 in charged clusters so they drive particle nucleation synergistically. Second, HIO2 substitutes for NH3, forming strongly bound H2SO4-HIO2 acid-base pairs in molecular clusters. Global observations imply that HIOx is enhancing H2SO4(-NH3) nucleation rates 10- to 10,000-fold in marine and polar regions.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Copyright/License </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">preprint: © 2023-2024 The Authors (License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY-4.0</a>)<br/>publication: (exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science)</td></tr> </table> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/2739562">Inspire</a> <small> </small> <br/> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Record creato 2024-01-10, modificato l'ultima volta il 2024-01-30</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=it&p=recid%3A2886038&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">Record simili</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">Manuscript:</small> <br /><a href="/record/2886038/files/IodineSulfur_manuscript_CCBY.pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-34x48.gif" alt="Scarica documento" /><br />PDF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=it&recid=2886038">Aggiungi ad un cestino personale</a></li> <li>Esporta come <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2886038/export/hx?ln=it">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2886038/export/hm?ln=it">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2886038/export/xm?ln=it">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2886038/export/xd?ln=it">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2886038/export/xe?ln=it">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2886038/export/xn?ln=it">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2886038/export/xw?ln=it">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:2886038/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/2886038', addEmail: true, title: "Iodine oxoacids enhance nucleation of sulfuric acid particles in the atmosphere", description: "The main nucleating vapor in the atmosphere is thought to be sulfuric acid (H2SO4), stabilized by ammonia (NH3). However, in marine and polar regions, NH3 is generally low, and H2SO4 is frequently found together with iodine oxoacids [HIOx, i.e., iodic acid (HIO3) and iodous acid (HIO2)]. In experiments performed with the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber, we investigated the interplay of H2SO4 and HIOx during atmospheric particle nucleation. We found that HIOx greatly enhances H2SO4(-NH3) nucleation through two different interactions. First, HIO3 strongly binds with H2SO4 in charged clusters so they drive particle nucleation synergistically. Second, HIO2 substitutes for NH3, forming strongly bound H2SO4-HIO2 acid-base pairs in molecular clusters. Global observations imply that HIOx is enhancing H2SO4(-NH3) nucleation rates 10- to 10,000-fold in marine and polar regions." }); // ]]> </script>  </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=it">Cerca</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=it">Sottometti</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=it">Personalizza</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=it">Aiuto</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> <br /> Fornita da <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Mantenuto da <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? Contact <a href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Support</a>. <br /> </div> <div class="pagefooterstriperight"> <div class="cern-logo"> <a id="logo" href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN" rel="CERN" ><img src="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/img/cern-logo-large.png" alt="CERN" /></a> </div> <div class="cern-languagebox"> Questo sito è disponibile anche nelle lingue seguenti:<br /><a href="/record/2886038?ln=bg" class="langinfo">Български</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=ca" class="langinfo">Català</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=de" class="langinfo">Deutsch</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=el" class="langinfo">Ελληνικά</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=en" class="langinfo">English</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=es" class="langinfo">Español</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=fr" class="langinfo">Français</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=hr" class="langinfo">Hrvatski</a>  <span class="langinfo">Italiano</span>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=ja" class="langinfo">日本語</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=ka" class="langinfo">ქართული</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=no" class="langinfo">Norsk/Bokmål</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=pl" class="langinfo">Polski</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=pt" class="langinfo">Português</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=ru" class="langinfo">Русский</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=sk" class="langinfo">Slovensky</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=sv" class="langinfo">Svenska</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=zh_CN" class="langinfo">中文(简)</a>  <a href="/record/2886038?ln=zh_TW" class="langinfo">中文(繁)</a> </div> </div>  </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> var SyndeticsBookCovers = (function() { var SMALL_SIZE = "sc.gif", MEDIUM_SIZE = "mc.gif", RAW_URL = "https://secure.syndetics.com/index.aspx?isbn=THEISBN/THESIZE&client=cernlibrary"; replaceCover = function(imgElement, isbns, hdFormat) { var img = new Image(), size = hdFormat ? MEDIUM_SIZE : SMALL_SIZE; var _isbns = isbns.sort(function(a, b) { // sort from shortest to longest ISBN (more modern) return a.length > b.length ? 1 : -1; }); function next() { var isbn = _isbns.pop(); if (isbn) { var url = RAW_URL.replace("THEISBN", isbn).replace("THESIZE", size); img.src = url; } } function done() { imgElement.src = img.src; } img.onload = function() { if (this.width > 1) { done(); } else { next(); } }; next(); }; return { replaceCover: replaceCover }; })(); $(document).ready(function() { // get book covers $("img.book-cover").each(function() { var $this = $(this), strIsbns = $this.data("isbns") || "", isbnsArray = String(strIsbns).split(","), hdFormat = $this.hasClass("hd"); SyndeticsBookCovers.replaceCover(this, isbnsArray, hdFormat); }); // WebNews tooltips $.ajax({ url: "/news/tooltips", success: function(data) { create_tooltips(data); }, dataType: "json", cache: false }); }); </script>  <script src="//cds.cern.ch/js/feedback.js"></script>   <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://webanalytics.web.cern.ch/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '756']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script>  </body> </html>