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<li id="toc-Bidding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bidding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Bidding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bidding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Construction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Completion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Completion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Completion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Completion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features_and_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features_and_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Features and events</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Features_and_events-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Features and events subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Features_and_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sports_events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sports_events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Other sports events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sports_events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concerts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concerts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Concerts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concerts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pageants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pageants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Pageants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pageants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Olympics_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Olympics_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Post-Olympics legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Olympics_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022_Winter_Olympics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022_Winter_Olympics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>2022 Winter Olympics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022_Winter_Olympics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Beijing National Stadium</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_Nasionale_Stadion" title="Beijing Nasionale Stadion – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Beijing Nasionale Stadion" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D8%A8%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="ملعب بكين الوطني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ملعب بكين الوطني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estadiu_Nacional_de_Beix%C3%ADn" title="Estadiu Nacional de Beixín – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estadiu Nacional de Beixín" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekin_Milli_Stadionu" title="Pekin Milli Stadionu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pekin Milli Stadionu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="বেইজিং জাতীয় স্টেডিয়াম – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বেইজিং জাতীয় স্টেডিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Пекински национален стадион – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пекински национален стадион" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalni_stadion_(Peking)" title="Nacionalni stadion (Peking) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nacionalni stadion (Peking)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estadi_Nacional_de_Pequ%C3%ADn" title="Estadi Nacional de Pequín – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estadi Nacional de Pequín" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekingsk%C3%BD_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_stadion" title="Pekingský národní stadion – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pekingský národní stadion" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadiwm_Cenedlaethol_Beijing" title="Stadiwm Cenedlaethol Beijing – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Stadiwm Cenedlaethol Beijing" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_Nationalstadion" title="Beijing Nationalstadion – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Beijing Nationalstadion" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalstadion_Peking" title="Nationalstadion Peking – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nationalstadion Peking" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekingi_Rahvusstaadion" title="Pekingi Rahvusstaadion – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Pekingi Rahvusstaadion" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Εθνικό Στάδιο του Πεκίνου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνικό Στάδιο του Πεκίνου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estadio_Nacional_de_Pek%C3%ADn" title="Estadio Nacional de Pekín – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estadio Nacional de Pekín" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacia_stadiono_de_Pekino" title="Nacia stadiono de Pekino – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nacia stadiono de Pekino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekingo_Nazio_Estadioa" title="Pekingo Nazio Estadioa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pekingo Nazio Estadioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DA%A9%D9%86" title="ورزشگاه ملی پکن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ورزشگاه ملی پکن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stade_national_de_P%C3%A9kin" title="Stade national de Pékin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Stade national de Pékin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estadio_Nacional_de_Pequ%C3%ADn" title="Estadio Nacional de Pequín – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estadio Nacional de Pequín" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%95_%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80%EC%B2%B4%EC%9C%A1%EC%9E%A5" title="베이징 국가체육장 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베이징 국가체육장" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%BF_(%D5%8A%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%B6)" title="Ազգային մարզադաշտ (Պեկին) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ազգային մարզադաշտ (Պեկին)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalni_stadion_u_Pekingu" title="Nacionalni stadion u Pekingu – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nacionalni stadion u Pekingu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadion_Nasional_Beijing" title="Stadion Nasional Beijing – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Stadion Nasional Beijing" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadio_nazionale_di_Pechino" title="Stadio nazionale di Pechino – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stadio nazionale di Pechino" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%98%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%99%D7%92%27%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%92" title="האצטדיון הלאומי בייג'ינג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האצטדיון הלאומי בייג'ינג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="პეკინის ეროვნული სტადიონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პეკინის ეროვნული სტადიონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B6%D1%96%D2%A3)" title="Ұлттық стадион (Бейжің) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ұлттық стадион (Бейжің)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekinas_nacion%C4%81lais_stadions" title="Pekinas nacionālais stadions – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pekinas nacionālais stadions" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationalstadion_vu_Peking" title="Nationalstadion vu Peking – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nationalstadion vu Peking" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekino_nacionalinis_stadionas" title="Pekino nacionalinis stadionas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pekino nacionalinis stadionas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekingi_Nemzeti_Stadion" title="Pekingi Nemzeti Stadion – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pekingi Nemzeti Stadion" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ബെയ്‌ജിംഗ്‌ നാഷനൽ സ്റ്റേഡിയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബെയ്‌ജിംഗ്‌ നാഷനൽ സ്റ്റേഡിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grawnd_Nazzjonali_ta%27_Bej%C4%A1ing" title="Grawnd Nazzjonali ta' Bejġing – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Grawnd Nazzjonali ta' Bejġing" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="बीजिंग राष्ट्रीय स्टेडियम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बीजिंग राष्ट्रीय स्टेडियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadium_Nasional_Beijing" title="Stadium Nasional Beijing – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Stadium Nasional Beijing" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationaal_Stadion_van_Peking" title="Nationaal Stadion van Peking – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nationaal Stadion van Peking" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2%E5%A0%B4" title="北京国家体育場 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="北京国家体育場" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijings_nasjonalstadion" title="Beijings nasjonalstadion – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Beijings nasjonalstadion" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milliy_stadion_(Pekin)" title="Milliy stadion (Pekin) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Milliy stadion (Pekin)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadion_Narodowy_w_Pekinie" title="Stadion Narodowy w Pekinie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stadion Narodowy w Pekinie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Est%C3%A1dio_Nacional_de_Pequim" title="Estádio Nacional de Pequim – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estádio Nacional de Pequim" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadionul_Na%C8%9Bional_din_Beijing" title="Stadionul Național din Beijing – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stadionul Național din Beijing" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Национальный стадион (Пекин) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Национальный стадион (Пекин)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing_National_Stadium" title="Beijing National Stadium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Beijing National Stadium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuo-%C5%A5ia_tchi-j%C3%BC-%C4%8Dchang" title="Kuo-ťia tchi-jü-čchang – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kuo-ťia tchi-jü-čchang" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%83_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83" title="Национални стадион у Пекингу – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Национални стадион у Пекингу" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalni_stadion_u_Pekingu" title="Nacionalni stadion u Pekingu – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nacionalni stadion u Pekingu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekingin_kansallinen_stadion" title="Pekingin kansallinen stadion – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pekingin kansallinen stadion" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekings_Nationalstadion" title="Pekings Nationalstadion – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pekings Nationalstadion" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pambansang_Istadyum_ng_Beijing" title="Pambansang Istadyum ng Beijing – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pambansang Istadyum ng Beijing" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பெய்ஜிங் தேசிய விளையாட்டு மைதானம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெய்ஜிங் தேசிய விளையாட்டு மைதானம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AC%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87" title="สนามกีฬาแห่งชาติปักกิ่ง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สนามกีฬาแห่งชาติปักกิ่ง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekin_Ulusal_Stadyumu" title="Pekin Ulusal Stadyumu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pekin Ulusal Stadyumu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Пекінський національний стадіон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пекінський національний стадіон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="بیجنگ نیشنل اسٹیڈیم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بیجنگ نیشنل اسٹیڈیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A2n_v%E1%BA%ADn_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_Qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_B%E1%BA%AFc_Kinh" title="Sân vận động Quốc gia Bắc Kinh – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sân vận động Quốc gia Bắc Kinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2%E5%9C%BA%EF%BC%88%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%EF%BC%89" title="国家体育场（北京） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="国家体育场（北京）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%AB%94%E8%82%B2%E5%A0%B4" title="北京國家體育場 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="北京國家體育場" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2%E5%9C%BA_(%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC)" title="国家体育场 (北京) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="国家体育场 (北京)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q133525#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Beijing_National_Stadium&params=39_59_30_N_116_23_26_E_region:CN-11_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°59′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">116°23′26″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.99167°N 116.39056°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.99167; 116.39056</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Stadium in Beijing, China</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the indoor stadium in Beijing, see <a href="/wiki/National_Indoor_Stadium" title="National Indoor Stadium">National Indoor Stadium</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">National Stadium</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">国家体育场·鸟巢</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname">Bird's Nest</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bejijing_National_Stadium_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/71/Bejijing_National_Stadium_logo.svg/130px-Bejijing_National_Stadium_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/71/Bejijing_National_Stadium_logo.svg/195px-Bejijing_National_Stadium_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/71/Bejijing_National_Stadium_logo.svg/260px-Bejijing_National_Stadium_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="313" data-file-height="319" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_China_Beijing-National-Stadium-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Beijing_China_Beijing-National-Stadium-01.jpg/280px-Beijing_China_Beijing-National-Stadium-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Beijing_China_Beijing-National-Stadium-01.jpg/420px-Beijing_China_Beijing-National-Stadium-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Beijing_China_Beijing-National-Stadium-01.jpg/560px-Beijing_China_Beijing-National-Stadium-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3808" data-file-height="1721" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Exterior view of the stadium</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_e20a4c1025acbee92e70a17fbbc2f9393b7eba8f"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Beijing_National_Stadium&revid=1278238924&groups=_e20a4c1025acbee92e70a17fbbc2f9393b7eba8f" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Beijing_National_Stadium&revid=1278238924&groups=_e20a4c1025acbee92e70a17fbbc2f9393b7eba8f 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Full name</th><td class="infobox-data">National Stadium</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label">1 National Stadium South Road, <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, China</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public transit</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Subway" title="Beijing Subway"><img alt="Beijing Subway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg/16px-Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg/24px-Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg/32px-Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <span style="background-color:#009B77; color:white; border:0.1em solid #009B77;"> <a href="/wiki/Line_8_(Beijing_Subway)" title="Line 8 (Beijing Subway)"><span style="color:white; font-weight:bold; font-size:inherit; white-space:nowrap;">8</span></a> </span> <span style="background-color:#653279; color:white; border:0.1em solid #653279;"> <a href="/wiki/Line_15_(Beijing_Subway)" title="Line 15 (Beijing Subway)"><span style="color:white; font-weight:bold; font-size:inherit; white-space:nowrap;">15</span></a> </span> <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Park_station_(Beijing_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Park station (Beijing Subway)">Olympic Park</a> <br /> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Subway" title="Beijing Subway"><img alt="Beijing Subway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg/16px-Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg/24px-Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg/32px-Beijing_Subway_simplified_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <span style="background-color:#009B77; color:white; border:0.1em solid #009B77;"> <a href="/wiki/Line_8_(Beijing_Subway)" title="Line 8 (Beijing Subway)"><span style="color:white; font-weight:bold; font-size:inherit; white-space:nowrap;">8</span></a> </span> <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Sports_Center_station_(Beijing_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Sports Center station (Beijing Subway)">Olympic Sports Center</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Executive suites</th><td class="infobox-data">140</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Seating_capacity" title="Seating capacity">Capacity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">80,000 (91,000 with temporary seats)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Record attendance</th><td class="infobox-data">89,102 (<a href="/wiki/Nigeria_national_under-23_football_team" title="Nigeria national under-23 football team">Nigeria</a>–<a href="/wiki/Argentina_national_under-23_football_team" title="Argentina national under-23 football team">Argentina</a> <a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Men%27s_tournament#Gold_medal_match" title="Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament">Olympic football match</a>, 23 August 2008)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Surface</th><td class="infobox-data">Grass, All-weather running track</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ccc">Construction</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Broke ground</th><td class="infobox-data">24 December 2003<span class="noprint">; 21 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2003-12-24</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Built</th><td class="infobox-data">2003–2008</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opened</th><td class="infobox-data">28 June 2008<span class="noprint">; 16 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2008-06-28</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction cost</th><td class="infobox-data">CN¥2.3 billion</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Herzog_%26_de_Meuron" title="Herzog & de Meuron">Herzog & de Meuron</a><sup id="cite_ref-AR98_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />ArupSport<br />China Architectural Design & Research Group<br /><a href="/wiki/Ai_Weiwei" title="Ai Weiwei">Ai Weiwei</a> <small>(Artistic consultant)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Structural engineer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arup_Group_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Arup Group Limited">Arup</a><sup id="cite_ref-AR98_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ccc">Tenants</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/China_national_football_team" title="China national football team">China national football team</a> (selected matches)<br /><a href="/wiki/China_women%27s_national_football_team" title="China women's national football team">China women's national football team</a> (selected matches)<br /><a href="/wiki/China_national_basketball_team" class="mw-redirect" title="China national basketball team">China national basketball team</a> (2009–2010)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ccc">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.n-s.cn">n-s.cn</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Beijing National Stadium</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">北京国家体育场</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">北京國家體育場</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Běijīng Guójiā Tǐyùchǎng</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Pěichīng Kwóchiā T'ǐyǜch'ǎng</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" title="Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Běijīng Gwójyā Tǐyùchǎng</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Bàk gìng Gwok gà Tái yuhk chèuhng</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Bak<sup>1</sup>ging<sup>1</sup> Gwok<sup>3</sup>gaa<sup>1</sup> Tai<sup>2</sup>juk<sup>6</sup>coeng<sup>4</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Pak-kiaⁿ Kok-ka Thái-io̍k-tiûⁿ</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Alternative Chinese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">鸟巢</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">鳥巢</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">Bird's Nest</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Niǎo Cháo</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Niǎo Ch'áo</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" title="Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Nyǎu Cháu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Níuh Chàauh</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Niu<sup>5</sup> Caau<sup>4</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Chiáu Châu</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <p>The <b>National Stadium</b><sup id="cite_ref-OffSite_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OffSite-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span lang="zh-Hans">国家体育场</span>), <abbr title="also known as">a.k.a.</abbr> the <b>Bird's Nest</b> (<span lang="zh-Hans">鸟巢</span>),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Stadium" title="Stadium">stadium</a> at <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green" title="Olympic Green">Olympic Green</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chaoyang,_Beijing" title="Chaoyang, Beijing">Chaoyang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. The National Stadium, covering an area of 204,000 square meters with 91,000 capacity, broke ground in December 2003, officially started construction in March 2004, and was completed in June 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The National Stadium is owned and operated by a <a href="/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership" title="Public–private partnership">partnership</a> company between Beijing Municipal State-owned Assets Management Co Ltd (58%) and <a href="/wiki/CITIC_Group" title="CITIC Group">CITIC Group</a> (42%).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The stadium was designed for the <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics" title="2008 Summer Olympics">2008 Summer Olympics</a> and <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Paralympics" title="2008 Summer Paralympics">Paralympics</a>. It was also used during the <a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Olympics" title="2022 Winter Olympics">2022 Winter Olympics</a> and <a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Paralympics" title="2022 Winter Paralympics">Paralympics</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_National_Stadium_2008.08-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Beijing_National_Stadium_2008.08-3.jpg/290px-Beijing_National_Stadium_2008.08-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Beijing_National_Stadium_2008.08-3.jpg/435px-Beijing_National_Stadium_2008.08-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Beijing_National_Stadium_2008.08-3.jpg/580px-Beijing_National_Stadium_2008.08-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1350" /></a><figcaption>Bird's nest at night during 2008 Beijing Summer Olympic Games</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg/250px-Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg/375px-Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg/500px-Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="662" /></a><figcaption>Bird's Nest in 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>Located at the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green" title="Olympic Green">Olympic Green</a> in Beijing, the stadium cost US$428 million. The design was awarded to a submission from the Swiss architecture firm <a href="/wiki/Herzog_%26_de_Meuron" title="Herzog & de Meuron">Herzog & de Meuron</a> in April 2003 after a bidding process that included 13 final submissions. The design, which originated from the study of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_ceramics" title="Chinese ceramics">Chinese ceramics</a>, implemented steel beams in order to hide supports for the retractable roof; giving the stadium the appearance of a <a href="/wiki/Bird_nest" title="Bird nest">bird's nest</a>. Leading Chinese artist <a href="/wiki/Ai_Weiwei" title="Ai Weiwei">Ai Weiwei</a> was the artistic consultant on the project.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The retractable roof was later removed from the design after inspiring the stadium's most recognizable aspect. Ground was broken on 24 December 2003 and the stadium officially opened on 28 June 2008. A shopping mall and a hotel are planned to be constructed to increase use of the stadium, which has had trouble attracting events, <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> and otherwise, after the Olympics.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT022209_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT022209-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bidding">Bidding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bidding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2001, before Beijing had been awarded the games, the city held a bidding process to select the best arena design. Multiple requirements including the ability for post-Olympics use, a <a href="/wiki/Retractable_roof" title="Retractable roof">retractable roof</a>, and incredibly low maintenance costs, were required of each design.<sup id="cite_ref-Syndrome_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syndrome-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The entry list was narrowed to thirteen final designs.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the final thirteen, <a href="/wiki/Li_Xinggang" title="Li Xinggang">Li Xinggang</a> of China Architecture Design and Research Group (CADG), said after he placed the model of the "nest" proposal at the exhibition hall and saw the rival entries he thought to himself, "We will win this."<sup id="cite_ref-Syndrome_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syndrome-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The model was approved as the top design by a professional panel and later exhibited to the public. Once again, it was selected as the top design.<sup id="cite_ref-Syndrome_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syndrome-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "nest scheme" design became official in April 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-Syndrome_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syndrome-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design">Design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_National_Stadium_Interior_200709.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Beijing_National_Stadium_Interior_200709.jpg/250px-Beijing_National_Stadium_Interior_200709.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Beijing_National_Stadium_Interior_200709.jpg/375px-Beijing_National_Stadium_Interior_200709.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Beijing_National_Stadium_Interior_200709.jpg/500px-Beijing_National_Stadium_Interior_200709.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Under construction in September 2007</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:250px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>Why does a Chinese bowl or a Chinese window have this kind of pattern? Maybe the Chinese people like things to appear in this irregular way, but underneath there are very clear rules. The Bird's Nest developed in this way. </p> </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">— Li Xinggang, head architect of CADG<sup id="cite_ref-AR94_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR94-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div> </div> <p>Beijing National Stadium (BNS) was a joint venture among architects Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron of <a href="/wiki/Herzog_%26_de_Meuron" title="Herzog & de Meuron">Herzog & de Meuron</a>, project architect Stefan Marbach and CADG, which was led by chief architect <a href="/wiki/Li_Xinggang" title="Li Xinggang">Li Xinggang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AR93_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During their first meeting in 2003, at <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a>, the group decided to do something unlike Herzog and de Meuron had traditionally designed. "China wanted to have something new for this very important stadium," Li stated.<sup id="cite_ref-AR93_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR93-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an effort to design a stadium that was "porous" while also being "a collective building, a public vessel",<sup id="cite_ref-AR94_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR94-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the team studied <a href="/wiki/Chinese_ceramics" title="Chinese ceramics">Chinese ceramics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AR93-94_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR93-94-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This line of thought brought the team to the "nest scheme".<sup id="cite_ref-AR94_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR94-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stadium consists of two independent structures, standing 50 feet apart:<sup id="cite_ref-AR98_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a red concrete seating bowl and the outer steel frame around it.<sup id="cite_ref-AR94_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR94-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an attempt to hide steel supports for the retractable roof, required in the bidding process, the team developed the "random-looking additional steel" to blend the supports into the rest of the stadium.<sup id="cite_ref-AR94_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR94-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twenty-four trussed columns encase the inner bowl,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> each one weighing 1,000 <a href="/wiki/Short_ton" title="Short ton">tons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Syndrome_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syndrome-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the random appearance of the Stadium, each half is nearly symmetrical.<sup id="cite_ref-AR97_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR97-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a collapse of a roof at the <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle_Airport" title="Charles de Gaulle Airport">Charles de Gaulle Airport</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Syndrome_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syndrome-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beijing reviewed all major projects. It was decided to eliminate the retractable roof, the original inspiration for the "nest" design,<sup id="cite_ref-Syndrome_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syndrome-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as 9,000 seats from the design.<sup id="cite_ref-AR97_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR97-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The removal of the elements helped to bring the project under the reduced construction budget of $290 million, from an original $500 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Syndrome_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syndrome-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the removal of the retractable roof, the building was lightened, which helped it stand up to <a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">seismic activity</a>; however, the upper section of the roof was altered to protect fans from weather.<sup id="cite_ref-AR97_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR97-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Enerpac" title="Enerpac">Enerpac</a> was granted the contract to perform the stage lifting and lowering of the stadium roof as part of the construction process.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/China_National_Electric_Engineering_Company" title="China National Electric Engineering Company">China National Electric Engineering Co Ltd</a> and <a href="/wiki/China_Machinery_Engineering_Corporation" title="China Machinery Engineering Corporation">China National Mechanical Engineering Corporation</a> lifted and welded the steel structure. Due to the stadium's outward appearance, it was nicknamed "The Bird's Nest". The phrase was first used by Herzog & de Meuron, though the pair still believes "there should be many ways of perceiving a building".<sup id="cite_ref-AR94_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR94-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The use is a compliment Li explained, "In China, a bird's nest is very expensive, something you eat on special occasions."<sup id="cite_ref-Syndrome_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syndrome-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction">Construction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Construction of the stadium proceeded in several distinct phases, the first phase involving the construction of a concrete supporting structure upon the concrete foundations laid for the construction site. This was followed by the phased installation of the curved steel frame surrounding the stadium, which is largely self-supporting. This phased installation involved the interconnection of sections of the curved steel frame constructed in Shanghai and transported to Beijing for assembly and welding. The entire structure of interconnected sections was welded together as the primary means of interconnection used to assemble the entire surrounding nest structure. Upon removal of the supporting columns used for the purpose of expediting the assembly of the interconnecting sections, the completed nest structure as a whole settled approximately 27 cm to attain full stability before the interior design and construction of the stadium could be installed and completed.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Completion">Completion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Completion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ground was broken, at the <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green" title="Olympic Green">Olympic Green</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for Beijing National Stadium on 24 December 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At its height, 17,000 construction workers worked on the stadium.<sup id="cite_ref-ReuDie_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReuDie-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Portraits of 143 migrant workers at the construction site were featured in the book <a href="/wiki/Workers_(Gong_Ren)" title="Workers (Gong Ren)">Workers (Gong Ren)</a> by artist Helen Couchman. On 1 January 2008, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> reported that 10 workers had died throughout construction; despite denial from the Chinese government.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in a story the following week, <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>, with the support of the Chinese government, reported that only two workers had died.<sup id="cite_ref-ReuDie_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReuDie-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All 121,000 tons of steel were made in China. On 14 May 2008 the grass field of 7,811 square meters was laid in 24 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The field is a modular turf system by <a href="/wiki/GreenTech_ITM" title="GreenTech ITM">GreenTech ITM</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Building the Beijing Olympic Field Beijing National Stadium officially opened at a ceremony on 28 June 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features_and_events">Features and events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Features and events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_nest_of_fireworks_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/The_nest_of_fireworks_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-The_nest_of_fireworks_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/The_nest_of_fireworks_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-The_nest_of_fireworks_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/The_nest_of_fireworks_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-The_nest_of_fireworks_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony" title="2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony">2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony</a>. The cauldron that would burn for the duration of the games is pictured on the left hand side, hidden in darkness away from the spectators.</figcaption></figure> <p>The eastern and western stands of Beijing National Stadium are higher than northern and southern stands, in order to improve sightlines.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 24-hour-per-day <a href="/wiki/Rainwater_harvesting" title="Rainwater harvesting">rainwater collector</a> is located near the stadium; after water is purified, it is used throughout and around the stadium.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pipes placed under the playing surface gather heat in the winter to warm the stadium and disperse heat in the summer to cool the stadium.<sup id="cite_ref-Personal_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Personal-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stadium's design originally planned to have capacity of 100,000 people; however, 9,000 were removed during a simplification of the design. The new total of 91,000 was shaved further when 11,000 temporary seats were removed after the 2008 Summer Olympics; decreasing the stadium's capacity to current 80,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Arup_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arup-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The farthest seat is 460 feet (140 meters) from center field.<sup id="cite_ref-AR98_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Personal_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Personal-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Temperature and airflow of every surface were optimized to increase ventilation.<sup id="cite_ref-Personal_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Personal-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beijing National Stadium hosted the <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony" title="2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony">opening</a> and <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics_closing_ceremony" title="2008 Summer Olympics closing ceremony">closing</a> ceremonies, <a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics">athletic events</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics">football final</a> of the <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics" title="2008 Summer Olympics">2008 Summer Olympics</a> from 8 to 24 August 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-OffSite_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OffSite-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The stadium also hosted the <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Paralympics_opening_ceremony" title="2008 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony">Opening</a> and Closing ceremonies and athletic events of the <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Paralympics" title="2008 Summer Paralympics">2008 Summer Paralympics</a> from 6 to 17 September 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-OffSite_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OffSite-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though designed for <a href="/wiki/Track_and_field_athletics" class="mw-redirect" title="Track and field athletics">track and field events</a> of the Olympics, the stadium continued to host sporting events, such as football, afterwards.<sup id="cite_ref-AR97_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR97-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A shopping mall and a hotel, with rooms overlooking the field, are planned to help increase use after the Olympics.<sup id="cite_ref-AR98_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Li stated, "This will become the most important public space in Beijing."<sup id="cite_ref-AR98_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR98-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although ignored by the Chinese media, design consultant Ai Weiwei has voiced his anti-Olympics views and distanced himself from the project, saying, "I've already forgotten about it. I turn down all the demands to have photographs with it," and that it is part of a "pretend smile" of bad taste.<sup id="cite_ref-observer_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-observer-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>China <a href="/wiki/China_national_football_team" title="China national football team">men's</a> and <a href="/wiki/China_women%27s_national_football_team" title="China women's national football team">women's</a> team has not played any matches since the opening of the stadium. </p><p>On its first anniversary, 8 August 2009, the stadium hosted a performance of the opera <i><a href="/wiki/Turandot" title="Turandot">Turandot</a></i>, and the 2009 <a href="/wiki/Supercoppa_Italiana" title="Supercoppa Italiana">Supercoppa Italiana</a> (Italian Super Cup) final, the traditional curtain raiser to the Italian football league season.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2011, the Bird's Nest once again hosted the <a href="/wiki/2011_Supercoppa_Italiana" title="2011 Supercoppa Italiana">Supercoppa Italiana</a>, the stadium's second in three years, and also in <a href="/wiki/2012_Supercoppa_Italiana" title="2012 Supercoppa Italiana">2012</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Guoan_F.C." title="Beijing Guoan F.C.">Beijing Guo'an</a> football club was scheduled to play at the stadium, but later backed out of their agreement, citing the embarrassment of using an 80,000+ seat venue for games that routinely draw only slightly more than 10,000.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT022209_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT022209-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ShopCom_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShopCom-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2010, the stadium hosted a friendly football match between <a href="/wiki/Football_League_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="Football League Championship">Football League Championship</a> team <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_City_F.C." title="Birmingham City F.C.">Birmingham City</a> and Beijing Guoan as a part of Birmingham's pre-season trip to China, homeland of the club's owner <a href="/wiki/Carson_Yeung" title="Carson Yeung">Carson Yeung</a>. Birmingham City recorded a 1–0 victory in the game.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_F.C." title="Arsenal F.C.">Arsenal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manchester_City_F.C." title="Manchester City F.C.">Manchester City</a> played each other in the inaugural 'China Cup', a one-off match in Beijing's played on 27 July 2012. Manchester City won the match with a score of 2–0.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 July 2016 Manchester City were scheduled to meet <a href="/wiki/Manchester_United_F.C." title="Manchester United F.C.">Manchester United</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/2016_International_Champions_Cup" title="2016 International Champions Cup">2016 International Champions Cup</a>. However the game was cancelled due to heavy rain soaking the pitch, poor pitch conditions due to fungus and the pitch being relaid with turf.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 July 2017, <a href="/wiki/Arsenal_F.C." title="Arsenal F.C.">Arsenal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_F.C." title="Chelsea F.C.">Chelsea</a> played against each other in a friendly match.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After China became the host of the <a href="/wiki/2023_AFC_Asian_Cup" title="2023 AFC Asian Cup">2023 AFC Asian Cup</a> on 4 June 2019 which the stadium was originally intended as the <a href="/wiki/2023_AFC_Asian_Cup_bids" title="2023 AFC Asian Cup bids">Beijing</a> venue, but it was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Stadium_(2023)" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers' Stadium (2023)">Workers' Stadium</a> on 4 January 2020. However, on 14 May 2022, <a href="/wiki/Asian_Football_Confederation" title="Asian Football Confederation">AFC</a> announced that China would not be able to host the tournament due to the exceptional circumstances caused by the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sports_events">Other sports events</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other sports events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:League_of_Legends_World_Championship_2017_Finals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/League_of_Legends_World_Championship_2017_Finals.jpg/220px-League_of_Legends_World_Championship_2017_Finals.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/League_of_Legends_World_Championship_2017_Finals.jpg/330px-League_of_Legends_World_Championship_2017_Finals.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/League_of_Legends_World_Championship_2017_Finals.jpg/440px-League_of_Legends_World_Championship_2017_Finals.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9193" data-file-height="4189" /></a><figcaption>The stage for the <a href="/wiki/2017_League_of_Legends_World_Championship" title="2017 League of Legends World Championship">2017 League of Legends World Championship</a> finals between <a href="/wiki/SK_Telecom_T1" class="mw-redirect" title="SK Telecom T1">SK Telecom T1</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samsung_Galaxy_(esports)" title="Samsung Galaxy (esports)">Samsung Galaxy</a></figcaption></figure><p>The stadium hosted the <a href="/wiki/2009_Race_of_Champions" title="2009 Race of Champions">2009 Race of Champions</a> motor racing carnival.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014 and 2015, the <a href="/wiki/FIA_Formula_E_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="FIA Formula E Championship">FIA Formula E Championship</a> motor racing series hosted the <a href="/wiki/Beijing_ePrix" title="Beijing ePrix">Beijing ePrix</a> at the Beijing Olympic Park. </p><p>On 1 November 2010, the <a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Athletics_Federations" class="mw-redirect" title="International Association of Athletics Federations">IAAF</a> announced that the <a href="/wiki/2015_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2015 World Championships in Athletics">2015 World Championships in Athletics</a> would take place at the Beijing National Stadium.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the event will return to the same stadium in 2027.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 July 2017, the stadium hosted <a href="/wiki/Monster_Jam" title="Monster Jam">Monster Jam</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Stadium_Super_Trucks" title="Stadium Super Trucks">Stadium Super Trucks</a>, marking the first Chinese race for both racing series. Chinese driver <a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Ya_Tao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Ya Tao (page does not exist)">Li Ya Tao</a> was among the ten drivers competing in the Stadium Super Truck race.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 November 2017, the stadium hosted the <a href="/wiki/2017_League_of_Legends_World_Championship" title="2017 League of Legends World Championship">League of Legends World Championship 2017</a> Finals.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concerts">Concerts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Concerts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Artist </th> <th>Tour/Concert Name </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>25 July 2004 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Whitney_Houston" title="Whitney Houston">Whitney Houston</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Soul_Divas_Tour" title="Soul Divas Tour">Soul Divas Tour</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Only Houston performed at Asian stops </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 May 2009 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Chan" title="Jackie Chan">Jackie Chan</a> and more than 100 artists from Chinese mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan </td> <td>Descendants of the Dragon: Jackie Chan and Friends Concert<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>First large-scale event </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 June 2009 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Song_Zuying" title="Song Zuying">Song Zuying</a> </td> <td>Bird's Nest Summer Concert </td> <td>First act to hold a solo concert.<p> Special guests: <a href="/wiki/Jay_Chou" title="Jay Chou">Jay Chou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Placido_Domingo" class="mw-redirect" title="Placido Domingo">Placido Domingo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lang_Lang" title="Lang Lang">Lang Lang</a></p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 May 2011 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rock_Records" title="Rock Records">Rock Records</a> artists </td> <td>Rock Records 30th Anniversary Concert </td> <td>First act to hold a concert with four-sided stage </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 June 2011 </td> <td>Bo Jin </td> <td>Singing for the Party and Saluting the Motherland Concert<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Special guests：<a href="/wiki/Li_Shuangjiang" title="Li Shuangjiang">Li Shuangjiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_Legend" title="Phoenix Legend">Phoenix Legend</a>, Bian Xiaozhen, Geng Lianfeng, Geng Weihua, Li Qiong </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 April 2012 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wang_Leehom" title="Wang Leehom">Wang Leehom</a> </td> <td>MUSIC-MAN II World Tour<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>29-30 April 2012 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Mayday_(Taiwanese_band)" title="Mayday (Taiwanese band)">Mayday</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">MAYDAY NOW-HERE World Tour </td> <td>First act to hold 2 consecutive concerts </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 August 2013 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 October 2013 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/S.M._Entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="S.M. Entertainment">S.M. Entertainment</a> artists </td> <td><a href="/wiki/SMTown_Live_World_Tour_III" class="mw-redirect" title="SMTown Live World Tour III">SMTown Live World Tour III</a> </td> <td>Artists: <a href="/wiki/Kangta" title="Kangta">Kangta</a>, <a href="/wiki/BoA" title="BoA">BoA</a>, <a href="/wiki/TVXQ" title="TVXQ">TVXQ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Super_Junior" title="Super Junior">Super Junior</a> (<a href="/wiki/Super_Junior-M" title="Super Junior-M">Super Junior-M</a>), <a href="/wiki/Girls%27_Generation" title="Girls' Generation">Girls' Generation</a>, <a href="/wiki/SHINee" class="mw-redirect" title="SHINee">SHINee</a>, <a href="/wiki/F(x)_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="F(x) (band)">f(x)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exo" title="Exo">EXO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Liyin" title="Zhang Liyin">Zhang Liyin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tasty_(South_Korean_duo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tasty (South Korean duo)">Tasty</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 June 2014 </td> <td>Wang Leehom </td> <td>MUSIC-MAN II World Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 August 2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wang_Feng_(singer)" title="Wang Feng (singer)">Wang Feng</a> </td> <td>Peak Storm Coming Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 October 2014 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a> artists </td> <td>MBC Korean Music Wave Concert </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 June 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Nan" title="Sun Nan">Sun Nan</a> </td> <td>Asuka Graduation Party Concert<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Special guests：<a href="/wiki/Andy_Hui" title="Andy Hui">Andy Hui</a>、<a href="/wiki/Tan_Weiwei" title="Tan Weiwei">Tan Weiwei</a>、<a href="/wiki/Dino_Lee" title="Dino Lee">Dino Lee</a>、<a href="/wiki/Nick_Chou" title="Nick Chou">Nick Chou</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25-26 June 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tallarico" title="Tommy Tallarico">Tommy Tallarico</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jack_Wall_(composer)" title="Jack Wall (composer)">Jack Wall</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Video_Games_Live" title="Video Games Live">Video Games Live</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>26-28 August 2016 </td> <td>Mayday </td> <td>Just Rock It!!! World Tour </td> <td>First act to hold 3 consecutive concerts </td></tr> <tr> <td>21-22 October 2016 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eason_Chan" title="Eason Chan">Eason Chan</a> </td> <td>ANOTHER EASON's LIFE World Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 July 2017 </td> <td>Wang Feng </td> <td>Years World Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18-19 August 2017 </td> <td>Mayday </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Life_Tour" title="Life Tour">Life Tour</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 September 2017 </td> <td>Huang Kuo-lun </td> <td>Nothing is Impossible Bird's Nest Concert </td> <td>Special guests: <a href="/wiki/Emil_Chau" class="mw-redirect" title="Emil Chau">Emil Chau</a>, <a href="/wiki/G.E.M." title="G.E.M.">G.E.M.</a>, Kim Jimun, <a href="/wiki/Huang_Qishan" title="Huang Qishan">Huang Qishan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 August 2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jason_Zhang" title="Jason Zhang">Jason Zhang</a> </td> <td>Future Live Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>24-26 August 2018 </td> <td>Mayday </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Life_Tour" title="Life Tour">Life Tour</a> - Bird's Nest Special Edition </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8-9 September 2018 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hua_Chenyu" title="Hua Chenyu">Hua Chenyu</a> </td> <td>2016 Mars Concert Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10 August 2019 </td> <td>Jason Zhang </td> <td>Future Live Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>23-25 August 2019 </td> <td rowspan="3">Mayday </td> <td>Just Rock It!!! World Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>26-28 May 2023 </td> <td>Mayday Fly to 2023 Tour </td> <td rowspan="2">First act to hold 6 consecutive concerts </td></tr> <tr> <td>31 May; 1, 3 June 2023 </td> <td>MAYDAY NOW-HERE World Tour </td></tr> <tr> <td>11-13 August 2023 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joker_Xue" title="Joker Xue">Joker Xue</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_World_Tour" title="Extraterrestrial World Tour">Extraterrestrial World Tour</a><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>25-27 August 2023 </td> <td>Jason Zhang </td> <td>Future Live - Yao Beidou Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9-10 September 2023 </td> <td>Hua Chenyu </td> <td>2023 Mars Concert Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22-24 September 2023 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/JJ_Lin" title="JJ Lin">JJ Lin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/JJ20_World_Tour" title="JJ20 World Tour">JJ20 World Tour</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 April 2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Li_Ronghao" title="Li Ronghao">Li Ronghao</a> </td> <td>Free Soul World Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4-5 May 2024 </td> <td>Phoenix Legend </td> <td>2024 Good Luck and Good Fortune Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>18-19, 21-22, 24-26, 30 May; 1 June 2024 </td> <td>Mayday </td> <td>MAYDAY #5525 LIVE TOUR </td> <td>First act to hold 10 consecutive concerts </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 June 2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karen_Mok" title="Karen Mok">Karen Mok</a> </td> <td>The Big Big Show Concert </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>29-30 June 2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Chang_(singer)" title="Jeff Chang (singer)">Jeff Chang</a> </td> <td>Future Ultimate World Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12-14, 17, 19-20 July 2024 </td> <td>Joker Xue </td> <td>Extraterrestrial World Tour<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2-4, 6-7, 9-11 August 2024 </td> <td>Jason Zhang </td> <td>Future Live To 1982 Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22-25 August 2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/G.E.M." title="G.E.M.">G.E.M.</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/I_Am_Gloria_World_Tour" title="I Am Gloria World Tour">I Am Gloria World Tour</a> </td> <td>First act to hold 4 consecutive concerts </td></tr> <tr> <td>7-8 September 2024 </td> <td>Hua Chenyu </td> <td>2024 Mars Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21-22 September 2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Shen" title="Zhou Shen">Zhou Shen</a> </td> <td>9.29 Hz 10th Anniversary Concert Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 October 2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xu_Song_(singer)" title="Xu Song (singer)">Xu Song</a> </td> <td>The Breathing Wilderness Tour </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5-6 April 2025 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/A-Mei" title="A-Mei">A-Mei</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/ASMR_World_Tour" title="ASMR World Tour">ASMR World Tour</a><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>From 2014-2022, the finals for the Chinese singing competition <i><a href="/wiki/The_Voice_of_China" title="The Voice of China">The Voice of China</a></i>, later re-branded as <i><a href="/wiki/Sing!_China" title="Sing! China">Sing! China</a></i>, were held at the stadium. The finals were usually held on either 7 October or on a Sunday of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Week_(China)" title="Golden Week (China)">Golden Week</a> to commemorate the event. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pageants">Pageants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Pageants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 4th quarter of 2017, this stadium is also open for both local & international pageant events. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Olympics_legacy">Post-Olympics legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Post-Olympics legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 12 January 2009 the venue's owners announced plans for the stadium to anchor a shopping and entertainment complex. These plans, having been developed by operator <a href="/wiki/CITIC_Group" title="CITIC Group">CITIC Group</a>, were projected to take three to five years to achieve. The stadium also continues to function as a tourist attraction, while hosting sports and entertainment events.<sup id="cite_ref-ShopCom_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShopCom-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, by 2013 the stadium had fallen into visual disrepair and was criticized as appearing rusty and neglected by visitors to Beijing. </p><p>In 2009, the stadium was the site of a Pit Stop for the double-length penultimate leg in the <a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Race_14" title="The Amazing Race 14">14th season</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Race_(American_TV_series)" title="The Amazing Race (American TV series)">The Amazing Race</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, an Olympic-themed Detour was held here in the fifth leg of the <a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Race:_China_Rush_1" title="The Amazing Race: China Rush 1">first season</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Race:_China_Rush" title="The Amazing Race: China Rush">The Amazing Race: China Rush</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in 2016, the first leg of the <a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Race_China_3" title="The Amazing Race China 3">third season</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Amazing_Race_China" title="The Amazing Race China">The Amazing Race China</a></i> featured a Roadblock where a team member reenacted a dancing segment from the <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony" title="2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony">opening ceremony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The National Stadium was intended to be a Monument of New China, expected to be visited by millions of tourists and showcased through an array of media representations.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In spite of the lack of significant events, the stadium appears to be quite profitable, drawing some 20,000 to 30,000 people a day at the price of a 50 <a href="/wiki/Chinese_yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese yuan">yuan</a> admission.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010 it was used as a snow theme park.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The venue costs approximately <a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">$</a>9 million to maintain per year.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT022209_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT022209-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ShopCom_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ShopCom-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The stadium was used for the finals of the <a href="/wiki/2017_League_of_Legends_World_Championship" title="2017 League of Legends World Championship">2017 League of Legends World Championship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This included performances by <a href="/wiki/Jay_Chou" title="Jay Chou">Jay Chou</a>. </p><p>The stadium was used to host "The Great Journey", an art performance marking the <a href="/wiki/100th_Anniversary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="100th Anniversary of the Chinese Communist Party">100th Anniversary of the Chinese Communist Party</a> on 1 July 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022_Winter_Olympics">2022 Winter Olympics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 2022 Winter Olympics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The stadium was used for the opening and closing ceremonies of <a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Olympics" title="2022 Winter Olympics">2022 Winter Olympics</a> and <a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Paralympics" title="2022 Winter Paralympics">2022 Winter Paralympics</a>. It is the only stadium to host both the Summer and Winter Olympics and Paralympics opening and closing ceremonies.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT022209_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT022209-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Birds_Nest_at_Night.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Beijing National Stadium at night during the Summer Olympics"><img alt="The Beijing National Stadium at night during the Summer Olympics" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Birds_Nest_at_Night.jpg/360px-Birds_Nest_at_Night.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Birds_Nest_at_Night.jpg/540px-Birds_Nest_at_Night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Birds_Nest_at_Night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Beijing National Stadium at night during the Summer Olympics</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_Birds_Nest_Olympics_track_.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Inside of the stadium during the 2008 Summer Olympics"><img alt="Inside of the stadium during the 2008 Summer Olympics" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Beijing_Birds_Nest_Olympics_track_.jpg/360px-Beijing_Birds_Nest_Olympics_track_.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Beijing_Birds_Nest_Olympics_track_.jpg/540px-Beijing_Birds_Nest_Olympics_track_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Beijing_Birds_Nest_Olympics_track_.jpg/720px-Beijing_Birds_Nest_Olympics_track_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Inside of the stadium during the 2008 Summer Olympics</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_National_Stadium_2014_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Interior view of the stadium"><img alt="Interior view of the stadium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Beijing_National_Stadium_2014_2.jpg/406px-Beijing_National_Stadium_2014_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="271" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Beijing_National_Stadium_2014_2.jpg/608px-Beijing_National_Stadium_2014_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Beijing_National_Stadium_2014_2.jpg/811px-Beijing_National_Stadium_2014_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3906" data-file-height="2602" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interior view of the stadium</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2008_Summer_Olympics_flame_at_Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="2008 Summer Olympics flame"><img alt="2008 Summer Olympics flame" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/2008_Summer_Olympics_flame_at_Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg/338px-2008_Summer_Olympics_flame_at_Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/2008_Summer_Olympics_flame_at_Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg/506px-2008_Summer_Olympics_flame_at_Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/2008_Summer_Olympics_flame_at_Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg/675px-2008_Summer_Olympics_flame_at_Beijing_National_Stadium_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2008 Summer Olympics flame</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_National_Stadium_and_Olympic_flame_2008.08.22-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="2008 Summer Olympics flame"><img alt="2008 Summer Olympics flame" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Beijing_National_Stadium_and_Olympic_flame_2008.08.22-01.jpg/405px-Beijing_National_Stadium_and_Olympic_flame_2008.08.22-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Beijing_National_Stadium_and_Olympic_flame_2008.08.22-01.jpg/608px-Beijing_National_Stadium_and_Olympic_flame_2008.08.22-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Beijing_National_Stadium_and_Olympic_flame_2008.08.22-01.jpg/810px-Beijing_National_Stadium_and_Olympic_flame_2008.08.22-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2008 Summer Olympics flame</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_Birds_Nest_Closeup.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Detail of the exterior"><img alt="Detail of the exterior" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Beijing_Birds_Nest_Closeup.jpg/405px-Beijing_Birds_Nest_Closeup.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Beijing_Birds_Nest_Closeup.jpg/608px-Beijing_Birds_Nest_Closeup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Beijing_Birds_Nest_Closeup.jpg/810px-Beijing_Birds_Nest_Closeup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4368" data-file-height="2912" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Detail of the exterior </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bird%27s_Nest_Stadium_Structure.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Architectural detail of the stadium's exterior"><img alt="Architectural detail of the stadium's exterior" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bird%27s_Nest_Stadium_Structure.jpg/202px-Bird%27s_Nest_Stadium_Structure.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bird%27s_Nest_Stadium_Structure.jpg/304px-Bird%27s_Nest_Stadium_Structure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bird%27s_Nest_Stadium_Structure.jpg/405px-Bird%27s_Nest_Stadium_Structure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Architectural detail of the stadium's exterior</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_National_Stadium_entrance_2008.08.22-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Entrance during the 2008 Summer Olympics"><img alt="Entrance during the 2008 Summer Olympics" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Beijing_National_Stadium_entrance_2008.08.22-01.jpg/360px-Beijing_National_Stadium_entrance_2008.08.22-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Beijing_National_Stadium_entrance_2008.08.22-01.jpg/540px-Beijing_National_Stadium_entrance_2008.08.22-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Beijing_National_Stadium_entrance_2008.08.22-01.jpg/720px-Beijing_National_Stadium_entrance_2008.08.22-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Entrance during the 2008 Summer Olympics</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beijing_national_stadium_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beijing National Stadium at night"><img alt="Beijing National Stadium at night" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Beijing_national_stadium_4.jpg/500px-Beijing_national_stadium_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Beijing_national_stadium_4.jpg/960px-Beijing_national_stadium_4.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="6219" data-file-height="4146" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Beijing National Stadium at night</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Auspicious_Cloud_Golden_Hall,_Beijing_National_Stadium_(20220905110704).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Golden hall, the lounge for national leaders"><img alt="Golden hall, the lounge for national leaders" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Auspicious_Cloud_Golden_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110704%29.jpg/405px-Auspicious_Cloud_Golden_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110704%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Auspicious_Cloud_Golden_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110704%29.jpg/608px-Auspicious_Cloud_Golden_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110704%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Auspicious_Cloud_Golden_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110704%29.jpg/810px-Auspicious_Cloud_Golden_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110704%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6759" data-file-height="4506" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Golden hall, the lounge for national leaders</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Running_Water_Silver_Hall,_Beijing_National_Stadium_(20220905110138).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Silver hall, the lounge for IOC officials"><img alt="Silver hall, the lounge for IOC officials" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Running_Water_Silver_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110138%29.jpg/405px-Running_Water_Silver_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110138%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Running_Water_Silver_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110138%29.jpg/608px-Running_Water_Silver_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110138%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Running_Water_Silver_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110138%29.jpg/810px-Running_Water_Silver_Hall%2C_Beijing_National_Stadium_%2820220905110138%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7219" data-file-height="4813" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Silver hall, the lounge for IOC officials</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Stadium" title="Workers' Stadium">Workers' Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_stadiums" title="Lists of stadiums">Lists of stadiums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadium_diplomacy" title="Stadium diplomacy">Stadium diplomacy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-AR98-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AR98_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR98_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR98_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR98_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR98_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR98_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPasternack2008">Pasternack 2008</a>, pp. 98</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chinabeijingprivatetour.com/attractions/show/bird-s-nest.htm">"Bird's Nest Beijing: Beijing National Stadium, How to Visit Bird's 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Enerpac+Helps+the+Beijing%27s+%27Bird+Nest%27+to+Stand+on+its+own+two+feet&rft.atitle=The+Engineer&rft.date=2007-03-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theengineer.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fenerpac-helps-the-beijings-birds-nest-to-stand-on-its-own-feet%2F298585.article%23ixzz1hD8GMRst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">National Geographic Megastructures. Beijing National Stadium. 8 April 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rzAjU_AuRnE">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171127161606/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rzAjU_AuRnE&gl=US&hl=en">Archived</a> 27 November 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGoldberger2008" class="citation news cs1">Goldberger, Paul (2 June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/skyline/2008/06/02/080602crsk_skyline_goldberger?currentPage=all">"Out of the Blocks"</a>. <i>The Sky Line</i>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081005004407/http://www.newyorker.com/arts/critics/skyline/2008/06/02/080602crsk_skyline_goldberger?currentPage=all">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. 28 June 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.beijing2008.cn/cptvenues/venues/nst/headlines/n214423642.shtml">the original</a> on 24 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Stadium&rft.atitle=Bird%27s+Nest+welcomes+rain&rft.date=2008-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.beijing2008.cn%2Fcptvenues%2Fvenues%2Fnst%2Fheadlines%2Fn214424767.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080824170528/http://en.beijing2008.cn/cptvenues/venues/nst/headlines/n214370877.shtml">"A green Bird's Nest"</a>. <i>National Stadium</i>. The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. 22 May 2008. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Stadium&rft.atitle=A+green+Bird%27s+Nest&rft.date=2008-05-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.beijing2008.cn%2Fcptvenues%2Fvenues%2Fnst%2Fheadlines%2Fn214370877.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Personal-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Personal_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Personal_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Personal_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080824180848/http://en.beijing2008.cn/cptvenues/venues/nst/headlines/n214171288.shtml">"Bird's Nest: Personalized design furnishes best experience for the audience"</a>. <i>National Stadium</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Stadium&rft.atitle=Bird%27s+Nest%3A+Personalized+design+furnishes+best+experience+for+the+audience&rft.date=2008-06-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.beijing2008.cn%2Fcptvenues%2Fvenues%2Fnst%2Fheadlines%2Fn214171288.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arup-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Arup_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080606051308/http://www.arup.com/eastasia/project.cfm?pageid=2184">"Beijing National Stadium, Olympic Green"</a>. <i>East Asia</i>. <a href="/wiki/Arup_Group_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Arup Group Limited">Arup</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arup.com/eastasia/project.cfm?pageid=2184">the original</a> on 6 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=East+Asia&rft.atitle=Beijing+National+Stadium%2C+Olympic+Green&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arup.com%2Feastasia%2Fproject.cfm%3Fpageid%3D2184&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080824170000/http://en.beijing2008.cn/cptvenues/venues/nst/headlines/n214370942.shtml">"Boxes inside 'Bird's Nest'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>National Stadium</i>. The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. 29 June 2008. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Stadium&rft.atitle=Boxes+inside+%27Bird%27s+Nest%27&rft.date=2008-06-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.beijing2008.cn%2Fcptvenues%2Fvenues%2Fnst%2Fheadlines%2Fn214370942.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-observer-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-observer_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCooper,_Rafi2008" class="citation web cs1">Cooper, Rafi (6 July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arts.guardian.co.uk/art/visualart/story/0,,2289411,00.html">"Cultural revolutionary"</a>. <i>The Observer</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080709021959/http://arts.guardian.co.uk/art/visualart/story/0%2C%2C2289411%2C00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft.atitle=Cultural+revolutionary&rft.date=2008-07-06&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Rafi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farts.guardian.co.uk%2Fart%2Fvisualart%2Fstory%2F0%2C%2C2289411%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/artist-behind-beijing-s-bird-s-nest-stadium-boycotts-olympics-1.646601">"Artist behind Beijing's 'bird's nest' stadium boycotts Olympics"</a>. <i>CBC News</i>. 11 August 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080620173559/http://www.cbc.ca/arts/artdesign/story/2007/08/11/beijing-artist-stadium.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBC+News&rft.atitle=Artist+behind+Beijing%27s+%27bird%27s+nest%27+stadium+boycotts+Olympics&rft.date=2007-08-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fentertainment%2Fartist-behind-beijing-s-bird-s-nest-stadium-boycotts-olympics-1.646601&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-CdWcszb_8">"Stadium designer blasts China Olympics"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i>. 6 July 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080817070202/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-CdWcszb_8">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Stadium+designer+blasts+China+Olympics&rft.date=2008-07-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DR-CdWcszb_8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/08/13/china.olympics.reut/?iref=mpstoryview">"Chinese architect slams Olympic 'pretend smile'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. 13 August 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080507115620/http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/asiapcf/08/13/china.olympics.reut/?iref=mpstoryview">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Chinese+architect+slams+Olympic+%27pretend+smile%27&rft.date=2007-08-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2007%2FWORLD%2Fasiapcf%2F08%2F13%2Fchina.olympics.reut%2F%3Firef%3Dmpstoryview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://italian-calcio.blogspot.com/2008/12/supercoppa-2009-in-beijing.html">"Italian Supercoppa 2009 in Beijing"</a>. Italian-Calcio Blog. 24 December 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708043624/http://italian-calcio.blogspot.com/2008/12/supercoppa-2009-in-beijing.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Italian+Supercoppa+2009+in+Beijing&rft.date=2008-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fitalian-calcio.blogspot.com%2F2008%2F12%2Fsupercoppa-2009-in-beijing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ShopCom-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ShopCom_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShopCom_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ShopCom_36-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090814171718/http://a.abcnews.com/Sports/wireStory?id=6766129">"Beijing's Bird's Nest to anchor shopping complex"</a>. ABC News/Associated Press. 30 January 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://a.abcnews.com/Sports/wireStory?id=6766129">the original</a> on 14 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Beijing%27s+Bird%27s+Nest+to+anchor+shopping+complex&rft.date=2009-01-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fa.abcnews.com%2FSports%2FwireStory%3Fid%3D6766129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,11694_6273248,00.html">"Birmingham enjoy friendly win"</a>. Italian-Calcio Blog. 21 July 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100723011712/http://www.skysports.com/story/0,19528,11694_6273248,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Birmingham+enjoy+friendly+win&rft.date=2010-07-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skysports.com%2Fstory%2F0%2C19528%2C11694_6273248%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120304032844/http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/news/news/arsenal-man-city-to-play-in-beijing.html">"Arsenal and Man City to play in Beijing"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.premierleague.com/en-gb/news/news/arsenal-man-city-to-play-in-beijing.html">the original</a> on 4 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arsenal+and+Man+City+to+play+in+Beijing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.premierleague.com%2Fen-gb%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Farsenal-man-city-to-play-in-beijing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10511877/manchester-derby-friendly-called-off-in-beijing">"Manchester 'derby' friendly called off in Beijing"</a>. Sky Sports. 25 July 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160728113735/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10511877/manchester-derby-friendly-called-off-in-beijing">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Manchester+%27derby%27+friendly+called+off+in+Beijing&rft.date=2015-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skysports.com%2Ffootball%2Fnews%2F11095%2F10511877%2Fmanchester-derby-friendly-called-off-in-beijing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurosport.com/football/friendly-match-1/2016/manchester-derby-in-china-cancelled-due-to-weather-and-state-of-pitch_sto5697737/story.shtml">"Manchester derby in China cancelled due to weather and state of pitch"</a>. <i>eurosport.com</i>. 25 July 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180917200525/https://www.eurosport.com/football/friendly-match-1/2016/manchester-derby-in-china-cancelled-due-to-weather-and-state-of-pitch_sto5697737/story.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eurosport.com&rft.atitle=Manchester+derby+in+China+cancelled+due+to+weather+and+state+of+pitch&rft.date=2016-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurosport.com%2Ffootball%2Ffriendly-match-1%2F2016%2Fmanchester-derby-in-china-cancelled-due-to-weather-and-state-of-pitch_sto5697737%2Fstory.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.itv.com/news/2017-07-22/chelsea-beat-arsenal-3-0-in-pre-season-friendly-in-beijing/">https://www.itv.com/news/2017-07-22/chelsea-beat-arsenal-3-0-in-pre-season-friendly-in-beijing/</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190417044444/https://www.itv.com/news/2017-07-22/chelsea-beat-arsenal-3-0-in-pre-season-friendly-in-beijing/">Archived</a> 17 April 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Arsenal v. Chelsea</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-afc.com/en/national/afc_asian_cup/news/important_update_on_afc_asian_cup_2023%E2%84%A2_hosts.html">"Important update on AFC Asian Cup 2023 hosts"</a>. <i>Asian Football Confederation</i>. 14 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Asian+Football+Confederation&rft.atitle=Important+update+on+AFC+Asian+Cup+2023+hosts&rft.date=2022-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-afc.com%2Fen%2Fnational%2Fafc_asian_cup%2Fnews%2Fimportant_update_on_afc_asian_cup_2023%25E2%2584%25A2_hosts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/74486">"Race of Champions moves to Beijing"</a>. <i>Autosport.com</i>. Haymarket Publications. 16 April 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090419113238/http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/74486">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Autosport.com&rft.atitle=Race+of+Champions+moves+to+Beijing&rft.date=2009-04-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.autosport.com%2Fnews%2Freport.php%2Fid%2F74486&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iaaf.org/aboutiaaf/news/newsid=58752.html">"Beijing selected to host 2015 World Championships"</a>. <i>iaaf.org</i>. IAAF. 20 November 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101224152744/http://www.iaaf.org/aboutiaaf/news/newsid%3D58752.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=iaaf.org&rft.atitle=Beijing+selected+to+host+2015+World+Championships&rft.date=2010-11-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iaaf.org%2Faboutiaaf%2Fnews%2Fnewsid%3D58752.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/summer/trackandfield/beijing-2025-world-athletics-championships-1.7128573">Beijing to host 2027 World Athletics Championships after Italy withdraws bid</a> <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stadiumsupertrucks.com/stadium-super-trucks-set-to-race-in-beijing-with-monster-jam/">"Stadium SUPER Trucks To Race in Beijing, China With Monster Jam"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Stadium_Super_Trucks" title="Stadium Super Trucks">Stadium Super Trucks</a></i>. 27 July 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170728080254/http://stadiumsupertrucks.com/stadium-super-trucks-set-to-race-in-beijing-with-monster-jam/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stadium+Super+Trucks&rft.atitle=Stadium+SUPER+Trucks+To+Race+in+Beijing%2C+China+With+Monster+Jam&rft.date=2017-07-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstadiumsupertrucks.com%2Fstadium-super-trucks-set-to-race-in-beijing-with-monster-jam%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lolesports.com/en_US/articles/2017-international-events">"League of Legends 2017 International Events"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170208154521/http://www.lolesports.com/en_US/articles/2017-international-events">Archived</a> from the original on 8 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=League+of+Legends+2017+International+Events&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lolesports.com%2Fen_US%2Farticles%2F2017-international-events&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ent.sina.com.cn/2004-07-03/0155433512.html">"惠特妮休斯顿亚洲行程揭秘 22日踏上中国内地"</a>. <i>ent.sina.com.cn</i> (in Chinese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E6%96%B0%E6%B5%AA%E5%A8%B1%E4%B9%90&rft.atitle=%E8%A7%A3%E5%AF%86%22%E6%96%B0%E5%86%9B%E6%AD%8C%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%90%22%E9%87%91%E6%B3%A2%E9%B8%9F%E5%B7%A2%E6%BC%94%E5%94%B1%E4%BC%9A%E4%BA%94%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%AE%E7%82%B9&rft.date=2011-06-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fent.sina.com.cn%2Fy%2F2011-06-20%2F23533340001.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.china.org.cn/video/2012-04/16/content_25154926.htm">"Pop sensation Wang Lee-hom rocks "Bird's Nest" - China.org.cn"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213947/http://www.china.org.cn/video/2012-04/16/content_25154926.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pop+sensation+Wang+Lee-hom+rocks+%22Bird%27s+Nest%22+-+China.org.cn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.china.org.cn%2Fvideo%2F2012-04%2F16%2Fcontent_25154926.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240129075407/https://ent.sina.cn/music/yneidi/2016-06-24/detail-ifxtmweh2476499.d.html">"孙楠演唱会圆满落幕三儿女上台齐合唱"</a>. <i>新浪娱乐</i> (in Simplified Chinese). 24 June 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ent.sina.cn/music/yneidi/2016-06-24/detail-ifxtmweh2476499.d.html">the original</a> on 29 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reality+Wanted&rft.atitle=Amazing+Race+14+Episode+11+Recap&rft.date=2009-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.realitywanted.com%2Fnewsitem%2F1908-amazing-race-14-episode-11-recap%23.X9a-S2RKgcg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnngo.com/shanghai/life/let-race-begin-amazing-race-china-rush-airs-weekend-601918">"Let the race begin! 'Amazing Race: China Rush' airs this weekend"</a>. <i>CNN Go</i>. 6 August 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100926110812/http://www.cnngo.com/shanghai/life/let-race-begin-amazing-race-china-rush-airs-weekend-601918">Archived</a> from the original on 26 September 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN+Go&rft.atitle=Let+the+race+begin%21+%27Amazing+Race%3A+China+Rush%27+airs+this+weekend&rft.date=2010-08-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnngo.com%2Fshanghai%2Flife%2Flet-race-begin-amazing-race-china-rush-airs-weekend-601918&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.people.com.cn/n1/2016/0708/c40606-28535262.html"><bdi lang="zh">霍启刚郭晶晶"妇唱夫随" 为推广奥运献综艺首秀</bdi></a> (in Chinese). <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Daily" title="People's Daily">People's Daily</a>. 8 July 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160709151222/http://media.people.com.cn/n1/2016/0708/c40606-28535262.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E9%9C%8D%E5%90%AF%E5%88%9A%E9%83%AD%E6%99%B6%E6%99%B6%22%E5%A6%87%E5%94%B1%E5%A4%AB%E9%9A%8F%22+%E4%B8%BA%E6%8E%A8%E5%B9%BF%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E7%8C%AE%E7%BB%BC%E8%89%BA%E9%A6%96%E7%A7%80&rft.pub=People%27s+Daily&rft.date=2016-07-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia.people.com.cn%2Fn1%2F2016%2F0708%2Fc40606-28535262.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKangTraganou2011" class="citation journal cs1">Kang, Jaeho; Traganou, Jilly (2011). "The Beijing National Stadium as Media-space". <i>Design and Culture</i>. <b>3</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">145–</span>163. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2752%2F175470811X13002771867761">10.2752/175470811X13002771867761</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143762612">143762612</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Design+and+Culture&rft.atitle=The+Beijing+National+Stadium+as+Media-space&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E145-%3C%2Fspan%3E163&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2752%2F175470811X13002771867761&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143762612%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Kang&rft.aufirst=Jaeho&rft.au=Traganou%2C+Jilly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100426094358/http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKTRE53L10L20090422">"China tourists twig to Beijing's Bird's Nest"</a>. <i>uk.Reuters.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters_UK" class="mw-redirect" title="Reuters UK">Reuters UK</a>. 22 April 2009. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=uk.Reuters.com&rft.atitle=China+tourists+twig+to+Beijing%27s+Bird%27s+Nest&rft.date=2009-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FidUKTRE53L10L20090422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/8442051.stm">"In pictures: Bird's Nest winter wonderland"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 5 January 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100323235151/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/8442051.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=In+pictures%3A+Bird%27s+Nest+winter+wonderland&rft.date=2010-01-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fasia-pacific%2F8442051.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lolesports.com/en_US/articles/2017-international-events">"LoL Esports"</a>. <i>www.lolesports.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121143248/http://www.lolesports.com/en_US/articles/2017-international-events">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lolesports.com&rft.atitle=LoL+Esports&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lolesports.com%2Fen_US%2Farticles%2F2017-international-events&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shine.cn/news/nation/2107011397/">"China to broadcast art performance marking CPC centenary"</a>. SHINE(Shanghai Daily). Xinhua News Agency. 1 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210705062136/http://www.shine.cn/news/nation/2107011397/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=China+to+broadcast+art+performance+marking+CPC+centenary&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shine.cn%2Fnews%2Fnation%2F2107011397%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPasternack2008" class="citation journal cs1">Pasternack, Alex (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archrecord.construction.com/projects/portfolio/archives/0807nationalstadium-1.asp">"National Stadium"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Architectural_Record" title="Architectural Record">Architectural Record</a></i>. Clifford A. Pearson: <span class="nowrap">92–</span>9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080828222005/http://archrecord.construction.com/projects/portfolio/archives/0807nationalstadium-1.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 28 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Architectural+Record&rft.atitle=National+Stadium&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E92-%3C%2Fspan%3E9&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Pasternack&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchrecord.construction.com%2Fprojects%2Fportfolio%2Farchives%2F0807nationalstadium-1.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABeijing+National+Stadium" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beijing_National_Stadium&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Beijing_National_Stadium" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Beijing National Stadium">Beijing National Stadium</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.beijing2008.cn/venues/nst/index.shtml">Beijing2008.cn profile</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.n-s.cn/">Beijing National Stadium Official site</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091125210321/http://www.n-s.cn/">Archived</a> 25 November 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Chinese)</span></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Beijing_National_Stadium&params=39_59_30_N_116_23_26_E_region:CN-11_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">39°59′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">116°23′26″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">39.99167°N 116.39056°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">39.99167; 116.39056</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Athens)" title="Olympic Stadium (Athens)">Olympic Stadium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Summer_Olympic_Games" title="Summer Olympic Games">Summer Olympics</a><br />Opening and closing ceremonies venue (<a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium" title="Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics" title="2008 Summer Olympics">2008</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/London_Stadium" title="London Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Olympic Stadium<br />Athens</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Summer Olympics<br /><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the Summer Olympics">Athletics competitions</a><br />Main venue </b><br /><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics">2008</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Olympic Stadium<br />London</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Olympic Stadium<br />Athens</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Summer Olympics<br /><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the Summer Olympics">Men's football</a> gold medal match venue </b><br /><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics">2008</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium" title="Wembley Stadium">Wembley Stadium</a><br />London</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Olympic Stadium <br />Athens</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Summer_Paralympic_Games" title="Summer Paralympic Games">Summer Paralympics</a><br />Opening and closing ceremonies venue (<a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium" title="Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Paralympics" title="2008 Summer Paralympics">2008</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Olympic Stadium<br />London</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Olympic Stadium<br />Athens</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Summer Olympics<br /><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_Summer_Paralympics" title="Athletics at the Summer Paralympics">Athletics competitions</a><br />Main venue </b><br /><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2008_Summer_Paralympics" title="Athletics at the 2008 Summer Paralympics">2008</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Olympic Stadium<br />London</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_Stadium" title="Luzhniki Stadium">Luzhniki Stadium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/IAAF_World_Athletics_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="IAAF World Athletics Championships">World Championships in Athletics</a><br />Main venue </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2015_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2015 World Championships in Athletics">2015</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/London_Stadium" title="London Stadium">London Stadium</a><br />London</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Staples_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Staples Center">Staples Center</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/League_of_Legends_World_Championship" title="League of Legends World Championship">League of Legends World Championship</a><br />Final venue </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2017_League_of_Legends_World_Championship" title="2017 League of Legends World Championship">2017</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Incheon_Munhak_Stadium" title="Incheon Munhak Stadium">Incheon Munhak Stadium</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Incheon" title="Incheon">Incheon</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pyeongchang_Olympic_Stadium" title="Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium">Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Pyeongchang" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyeongchang">Pyeongchang</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Winter_Olympic_Games" title="Winter Olympic Games">Winter Olympics</a><br />Opening and closing ceremonies venue (Olympic Stadium) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Olympics" title="2022 Winter Olympics">2022</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/San_Siro" title="San Siro">San Siro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> (opening)<br /><a href="/wiki/Verona_Arena" title="Verona Arena">Verona Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a> (closing)</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pyeongchang_Olympic_Stadium" title="Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium">Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Pyeongchang" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyeongchang">Pyeongchang</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Winter_Paralympic_Games" title="Winter Paralympic Games">Winter Paralympics</a><br />Opening and closing ceremonies venue (Olympic Stadium) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Paralympics" title="2022 Winter Paralympics">2022</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Verona_Arena" title="Verona Arena">Verona Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verona" title="Verona">Verona</a> (opening)<br /><a href="/wiki/Stadio_Olimpico_Del_Ghiaccio" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadio Olimpico Del Ghiaccio">Stadio Olimpico Del Ghiaccio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cortina_d%27Ampezzo" title="Cortina d'Ampezzo">Cortina</a> (closing)</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2008_Summer_Olympics_venues" title="Template:2008 Summer Olympics venues"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2008_Summer_Olympics_venues" title="Template talk:2008 Summer Olympics venues"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2008_Summer_Olympics_venues" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2008 Summer Olympics venues"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="30px_Venues_of_the_2008_Summer_Olympics_(Beijing)203" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/30px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/45px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/60px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="158" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Venues_of_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Venues of the 2008 Summer Olympics">Venues</a> of the <a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics" title="2008 Summer Olympics">2008 Summer Olympics</a> (<a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Aquatics_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing National Aquatics Center">Beijing National Aquatics Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Indoor_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing National Indoor Stadium">Beijing National Indoor Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Shooting_Range_Hall" title="Beijing Shooting Range Hall">Beijing Shooting Range Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadillac Arena">Wukesong Indoor Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laoshan_Velodrome" title="Laoshan Velodrome">Laoshan Velodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunyi_Olympic_Rowing-Canoeing_Park" title="Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park">Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Agricultural_University_Gymnasium" title="China Agricultural University Gymnasium">China Agricultural University Gymnasium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peking_University_Gymnasium" title="Peking University Gymnasium">Peking University Gymnasium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Science_and_Technology_University_Gymnasium" title="Beijing Science and Technology University Gymnasium">Beijing Science and Technology University Gymnasium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_University_of_Technology_Gymnasium" title="Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium">Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green_Tennis_Center,_Beijing" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Green Tennis Center, Beijing">Olympic Green Tennis Center</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BirdNest-pollute.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BirdNest-pollute.JPG/120px-BirdNest-pollute.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BirdNest-pollute.JPG/180px-BirdNest-pollute.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/BirdNest-pollute.JPG/240px-BirdNest-pollute.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Existing venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Sports_Centre_(Beijing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Sports Centre (Beijing)">Olympic Sports Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Sports_Center_Gymnasium_(Beijing)" title="Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium (Beijing)">Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Stadium_(former)" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers' Stadium (former)">Workers' Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Indoor_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers Indoor Arena">Workers Indoor Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Indoor_Stadium" title="Capital Indoor Stadium">Capital Indoor Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fengtai_Softball_Field" title="Fengtai Softball Field">Fengtai Softball Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ying_Tung_Natatorium" title="Ying Tung Natatorium">Ying Tung Natatorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laoshan_Mountain_Bike_Course" title="Laoshan Mountain Bike Course">Laoshan Mountain Bike Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Shooting_Range_Clay_Target_Field" title="Beijing Shooting Range Clay Target Field">Beijing Shooting Range Clay Target Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Institute_of_Technology_Gymnasium" title="Beijing Institute of Technology Gymnasium">Beijing Institute of Technology Gymnasium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beihang_University_Gymnasium" title="Beihang University Gymnasium">Beihang University Gymnasium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Temporary venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green_Convention_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Green Convention Center">Olympic Green Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green_Hockey_Field" title="Olympic Green Hockey Field">Olympic Green Hockey Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green_Archery_Field" title="Olympic Green Archery Field">Olympic Green Archery Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Wukesong_Culture_%26_Sports_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing Wukesong Culture & Sports Center">Wukesong Baseball Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaoyang_Park_Beach_Volleyball_Ground" title="Chaoyang Park Beach Volleyball Ground">Chaoyang Park Beach Volleyball Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laoshan_Bicycle_Moto_Cross_(BMX)_Venue" title="Laoshan Bicycle Moto Cross (BMX) Venue">BMX Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ming_Tombs_Reservoir" title="Ming Tombs Reservoir">Triathlon Venue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Road_Cycling_Course" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban Road Cycling Course">Urban Road Cycling Course</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Venues outside <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qingdao_International_Sailing_Centre" title="Qingdao International Sailing Centre">Qingdao International Sailing Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Stadium" title="Shanghai Stadium">Shanghai Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinhuangdao_Olympic_Sports_Center_Stadium" title="Qinhuangdao Olympic Sports Center Stadium">Qinhuangdao Olympic Sports Center Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Sports_Institute" title="Hong Kong Sports Institute">Hong Kong Equestrian Venues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_Olympic_Center_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tianjin Olympic Center Stadium">Tianjin Olympic Center Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenyang_Olympic_Sports_Center_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium">Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="30px_Venues_of_the_2022_Winter_Olympics_(Beijing,_China)221" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2022_Winter_Olympics_venues" title="Template:2022 Winter Olympics venues"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2022_Winter_Olympics_venues" title="Template talk:2022 Winter Olympics venues"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2022_Winter_Olympics_venues" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2022 Winter Olympics venues"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="30px_Venues_of_the_2022_Winter_Olympics_(Beijing,_China)221" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/30px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/45px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/60px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="158" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Venues_of_the_2022_Winter_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Venues of the 2022 Winter Olympics">Venues</a> of the <a href="/wiki/2022_Winter_Olympics" title="2022 Winter Olympics">2022 Winter Olympics</a> (<a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, China)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> cluster</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green" title="Olympic Green">Olympic Green</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Speed_Skating_Oval" title="Beijing National Speed Skating Oval">Beijing National Speed Skating Oval</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Aquatics_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing National Aquatics Center">Beijing National Aquatics Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Indoor_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing National Indoor Stadium">Beijing National Indoor Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Air_Shougang" title="Big Air Shougang">Big Air Shougang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Indoor_Stadium" title="Capital Indoor Stadium">Capital Indoor Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wukesong_Arena" title="Wukesong Arena">Wukesong Arena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yanqing_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Yanqing District">Yanqing</a> cluster</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yanqing_National_Alpine_Skiing_Centre" title="Yanqing National Alpine Skiing Centre">Yanqing National Alpine Skiing Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanqing_National_Sliding_Centre" title="Yanqing National Sliding Centre">Yanqing National Sliding Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zhangjiakou" title="Zhangjiakou">Zhangjiakou</a> cluster</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuyangshu_Nordic_Center_and_Biathlon_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuyangshu Nordic Center and Biathlon Center">Kuyangshu Nordic Center and Biathlon Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genting_Snow_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Genting Snow Park">Genting Snow Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympic_venues_in_athletics118" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Olympic_venues_athletics" title="Template:Olympic venues athletics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Olympic_venues_athletics" title="Template talk:Olympic venues athletics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic_venues_athletics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic venues athletics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_venues_in_athletics118" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_venues_in_athletics" title="List of Olympic venues in athletics">Olympic venues in athletics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1896_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1896 Summer Olympics">1896</a>: <a href="/wiki/Marathon,_Greece" title="Marathon, Greece">Marathon (city)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Stadium" title="Panathenaic Stadium">Panathenaic Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Athletics_pictogram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/50px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/75px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/100px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1900_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1900 Summer Olympics">1900</a>: <a href="/wiki/Racing_Levallois_92" class="mw-redirect" title="Racing Levallois 92">Croix-Catelan Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1904_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics">1904</a>: <a href="/wiki/Francis_Field_(St._Louis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Field (St. Louis)">Francis Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1908_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics">1908</a>: <a href="/wiki/White_City_Stadium" title="White City Stadium">White City Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics">1912</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Olympic_Stadium" title="Stockholm Olympic Stadium">Stockholm Olympic Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1920 Summer Olympics">1920</a>: <a href="/wiki/Olympisch_Stadion_(Antwerp)" title="Olympisch Stadion (Antwerp)">Olympisch Stadion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics">1924</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stade_Yves-du-Manoir" title="Stade Yves-du-Manoir">Stade Yves-du-Manoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1928 Summer Olympics">1928</a>: <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Amsterdam)" title="Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam)">Olympic Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1932_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1932 Summer Olympics">1932</a>: <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Olympic Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riverside_Drive_(Los_Angeles,_California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Riverside Drive (Los Angeles, California)">Riverside Drive at Griffith Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1936 Summer Olympics">1936</a>: <a href="/wiki/AVUS" title="AVUS">Avus Motor Road</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Berlin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic Stadium (Berlin)">Olympic Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics">1948</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)" title="Wembley Stadium (1923)">Empire Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics">1952</a>: <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Olympic_Stadium" title="Helsinki Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics">1956</a>: <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground" title="Melbourne Cricket Ground">Melbourne Cricket Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics">1960</a>: <a href="/wiki/Arch_of_Constantine" title="Arch of Constantine">Arch of Constantine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grande_Raccordo_Anulare" title="Grande Raccordo Anulare">Raccordo Anulare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Olimpico" title="Stadio Olimpico">Stadio Olimpico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Appian_Way" title="Appian Way">Via Appia Antica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Via_Cristoforo_Colombo" title="Via Cristoforo Colombo">Via Cristoforo Colombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1964 Summer Olympics">1964</a>: <a href="/wiki/Fuch%C5%AB,_Tokyo" title="Fuchū, Tokyo">Fuchu City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Setagaya,_Tokyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Setagaya, Tokyo">Karasuyama-machi</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Stadium_(Tokyo,_1958)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Stadium (Tokyo, 1958)">National Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shibuya,_Tokyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Shibuya, Tokyo">Sasazuka-machi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shinjuku,_Tokyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinjuku, Tokyo">Shinjuku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1968 Summer Olympics">1968</a>: <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Ol%C3%ADmpico_Universitario" title="Estadio Olímpico Universitario">Estadio Olímpico Universitario</a>, <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%B3calo" title="Zócalo">Zócalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1972 Summer Olympics">1972</a>: <a href="/wiki/Olympiastadion_(Munich)" title="Olympiastadion (Munich)">Olympiastadion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1976 Summer Olympics">1976</a>: <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Botanical_Garden" title="Montreal Botanical Garden">Montreal Botanical Garden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Montreal)" title="Olympic Stadium (Montreal)">Olympic Stadium</a>, Streets of <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1980 Summer Olympics">1980</a>: <a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_Stadium" title="Luzhniki Stadium">Grand Arena</a>, Streets of <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1984 Summer Olympics">1984</a>: <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Monica_College" title="Santa Monica College">Santa Monica College</a>, Streets of <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, Streets of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Monica,_California" title="Santa Monica, California">Santa Monica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics">1988</a>: <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Olympic_Stadium" title="Seoul Olympic Stadium">Seoul Olympic Stadium</a>, Streets of <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1992 Summer Olympics">1992</a>: <a href="/wiki/Estadi_Ol%C3%ADmpic_Llu%C3%ADs_Companys" title="Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys">Estadi Olímpic de Monjuïc</a>, Marathon course, <a href="/wiki/Matar%C3%B3" title="Mataró">Mataró</a>, Walking course</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 1996 Summer Olympics">1996</a>: Marathon course, <a href="/wiki/Centennial_Olympic_Stadium" title="Centennial Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a>, Walking course</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics">2000</a>: Marathon course, <a href="/wiki/North_Sydney" title="North Sydney">North Sydney</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadium_Australia" title="Stadium Australia">Olympic Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 2004 Summer Olympics">2004</a>: <a href="/wiki/Marathon,_Greece" title="Marathon, Greece">Marathon (city)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Athens)" title="Olympic Stadium (Athens)">Olympic Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Stadium" title="Panathenaic Stadium">Panathenaic Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadium_at_Olympia" title="Stadium at Olympia">Stadium at Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics">2008</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green" title="Olympic Green">Olympic Green Promenade</a> Walking course, Streets of <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> Marathon course</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics">2012</a>: <a href="/wiki/2012_Olympic_Marathon_Course" title="2012 Olympic Marathon Course">Marathon Course</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Stadium" title="London Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics">2016</a>: <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A1dio_Ol%C3%ADmpico_Nilton_Santos" title="Estádio Olímpico Nilton Santos">Estádio Olímpico João Havelange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pontal_(Rio_de_Janeiro)" title="Pontal (Rio de Janeiro)">Pontal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sambadrome_Marqu%C3%AAs_de_Sapuca%C3%AD" title="Sambadrome Marquês de Sapucaí">Sambódromo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics">2020</a>: <a href="/wiki/Japan_National_Stadium" title="Japan National Stadium">Japan National Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odori_Park" title="Odori Park">Odori Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athletics_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics" title="Athletics at the 2024 Summer Olympics">2024</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stade_de_France" title="Stade de France">Stade de France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2028_Summer_Olympics" title="2028 Summer Olympics">2028</a>: <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum</a>, <a href="/wiki/BMO_Stadium" title="BMO Stadium">BMO Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Park" title="Grand Park">Grand Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2032_Summer_Olympics" title="2032 Summer Olympics">2032</a>: <a href="/wiki/Queensland_Sport_and_Athletics_Centre" title="Queensland Sport and Athletics Centre">Queensland Sport and Athletics Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Headland,_Queensland" title="Alexandra Headland, Queensland">Alexandra Headland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympic_venues_in_association_football77" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Olympic_venues_football" title="Template:Olympic venues football"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Olympic_venues_football" title="Template talk:Olympic venues football"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic_venues_football" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic venues football"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_venues_in_association_football77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_venues_in_football" title="List of Olympic venues in football">Olympic venues in association football</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1890s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1896_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1896 Summer Olympics">1896</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Neo_Phaliron_Velodrome" title="Neo Phaliron Velodrome">Neo Phaliron Velodrome</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1900_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1900 Summer Olympics">1900</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9lodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Vélodrome de Vincennes">Vélodrome de Vincennes</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1904_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1904 Summer Olympics">1904</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Francis_Olympic_Field" title="Francis Olympic Field">Francis Olympic Field</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1908_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1908 Summer Olympics">1908</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/White_City_Stadium" title="White City Stadium">White City Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1910s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1912 Summer Olympics">1912</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A5sunda_IP" title="Råsunda IP">Råsunda IP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Olympic_Stadium" title="Stockholm Olympic Stadium">Stockholm Olympic Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Tranebergs_Idrottsplats" title="Tranebergs Idrottsplats">Tranebergs Idrottsplats</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1920 Summer Olympics">1920</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jules_Ottenstadion" title="Jules Ottenstadion">Jules Ottenstadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympisch_Stadion_(Antwerp)" title="Olympisch Stadion (Antwerp)">Olympisch Stadion</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Stade_Joseph_Marien" class="mw-redirect" title="Stade Joseph Marien">Stade Joseph Marien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadion_Broodstraat" title="Stadion Broodstraat">Stadion Broodstraat</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1924 Summer Olympics">1924</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stade_Bergeyre" title="Stade Bergeyre">Stade Bergeyre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_Yves-du-Manoir" title="Stade Yves-du-Manoir">Stade Yves-du-Manoir</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Stade_de_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Stade de Paris">Stade de Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_Pershing" title="Stade Pershing">Stade Pershing</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics">1928</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Monnikenhuize" title="Monnikenhuize">Monnikenhuize</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Amsterdam)" title="Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam)">Olympic Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Sparta_Stadion_Het_Kasteel" title="Sparta Stadion Het Kasteel">Sparta Stadion Het Kasteel</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1936 Summer Olympics">1936</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stadion_am_Gesundbrunnen" title="Stadion am Gesundbrunnen">Hertha-BSC Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mommsenstadion" title="Mommsenstadion">Mommsenstadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympiastadion_(Berlin)" title="Olympiastadion (Berlin)">Olympiastadion</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Poststadion" title="Poststadion">Poststadion</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1948 Summer Olympics">1948</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_Stadium" title="Arsenal Stadium">Arsenal Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Champion_Hill" title="Champion Hill">Champion Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craven_Cottage" title="Craven Cottage">Craven Cottage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)" title="Wembley Stadium (1923)">Empire Stadium</a> (medal matches), <a href="/wiki/Fratton_Park" title="Fratton Park">Fratton Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goldstone_Ground" title="Goldstone Ground">Goldstone Ground</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_Pond_Road" title="Green Pond Road">Green Pond Road</a>, <a href="/wiki/Griffin_Park" title="Griffin Park">Griffin Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Road" title="Lynn Road">Lynn Road</a>, <a href="/wiki/Selhurst_Park" title="Selhurst Park">Selhurst Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_Hart_Lane" title="White Hart Lane">White Hart Lane</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1952 Summer Olympics">1952</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Arto_Tolsa_Areena" title="Arto Tolsa Areena">Kotkan urheilukeskus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veritas_Stadion" title="Veritas Stadion">Kupittaan jalkapallostadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lahden_kisapuisto" title="Lahden kisapuisto">Lahden kisapuisto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Olympic_Stadium" title="Helsinki Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Stadium" title="Tampere Stadium">Ratina Stadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6%C3%B6l%C3%B6n_Pallokentt%C3%A4" title="Töölön Pallokenttä">Töölön Pallokenttä</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Association_football_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="Association football at the 1956 Summer Olympics">1956</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground" title="Melbourne Cricket Ground">Melbourne Cricket Ground</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Park_Stadium_(Melbourne)" title="Olympic Park Stadium (Melbourne)">Olympic Park Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1960 Summer Olympics">1960</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stadio_Artemio_Franchi" title="Stadio Artemio Franchi">Florence Communal Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Olimpico_Carlo_Zecchini" title="Stadio Olimpico Carlo Zecchini">Grosseto Communal Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Tommaso_Fattori" title="Stadio Tommaso Fattori">L'Aquila Communal Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Armando_Picchi" title="Stadio Armando Picchi">Livorno Ardenza Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_San_Paolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadio San Paolo">Naples Saint Paul's Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Adriatico_%E2%80%93_Giovanni_Cornacchia" title="Stadio Adriatico – Giovanni Cornacchia">Pescara Adriatic Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Flaminio" title="Stadio Flaminio">Stadio Flaminio</a> (final)</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1964 Summer Olympics">1964</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Komazawa_Olympic_Park_Stadium" title="Komazawa Olympic Park Stadium">Komazawa Olympic Park Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/NHK_Spring_Mitsuzawa_Football_Stadium" title="NHK Spring Mitsuzawa Football Stadium">Mitsuzawa Football Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yanmar_Stadium_Nagai" class="mw-redirect" title="Yanmar Stadium Nagai">Nagai Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Stadium_(Tokyo,_1958)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Stadium (Tokyo, 1958)">Tokyo National Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Nishikyogoku_Athletic_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyoto Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium">Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/NACK5_Stadium_Omiya" title="NACK5 Stadium Omiya">Ōmiya Football Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chichibunomiya_Rugby_Stadium" title="Chichibunomiya Rugby Stadium">Prince Chichibu Memorial Football Field</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1968 Summer Olympics">1968</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Estadio_Azteca" title="Estadio Azteca">Estadio Azteca</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Cuauht%C3%A9moc" title="Estadio Cuauhtémoc">Estadio Cuauhtémoc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Le%C3%B3n" title="Estadio León">Estadio Nou Camp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Jalisco" title="Estadio Jalisco">Jalisco Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1972 Summer Olympics">1972</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dreifl%C3%BCssestadion" title="Dreiflüssestadion">Dreiflüssestadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuja-Stadion" title="Tuja-Stadion">ESV-Stadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jahnstadion_(Regensburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jahnstadion (Regensburg)">Jahnstadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympiastadion_(Munich)" title="Olympiastadion (Munich)">Olympiastadion</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Rosenaustadion" title="Rosenaustadion">Rosenaustadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max-Morlock-Stadion" title="Max-Morlock-Stadion">Urban Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1976 Summer Olympics">1976</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/TD_Place_Stadium" title="TD Place Stadium">Lansdowne Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Montreal)" title="Olympic Stadium (Montreal)">Olympic Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Stadium_(Sherbrooke)" title="Municipal Stadium (Sherbrooke)">Sherbrooke Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varsity_Stadium" title="Varsity Stadium">Varsity Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1980 Summer Olympics">1980</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dinamo_Stadium_(Minsk)" title="Dinamo Stadium (Minsk)">Dinamo Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Dynamo_Stadium" title="Central Dynamo Stadium">Dynamo Central Stadium – Grand Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_Stadium" title="Luzhniki Stadium">Central Lenin Stadium – Grand Arena</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Kirov_Stadium" title="Kirov Stadium">Kirov Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olimpiyskiy_National_Sports_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiyskiy National Sports Complex">Republican Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1984 Summer Olympics">1984</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Stadium" title="Harvard Stadium">Harvard Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Navy%E2%80%93Marine_Corps_Memorial_Stadium" title="Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium">Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rose_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Rose Bowl (stadium)">Rose Bowl</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Stadium" title="Stanford Stadium">Stanford Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1988 Summer Olympics">1988</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Busan_Gudeok_Stadium" title="Busan Gudeok Stadium">Busan Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daegu_Civic_Stadium" title="Daegu Civic Stadium">Daegu Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daejeon_Hanbat_Sports_Complex" title="Daejeon Hanbat Sports Complex">Daejeon Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dongdaemun_Stadium" title="Dongdaemun Stadium">Dongdaemun Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwangju_Mudeung_Stadium" title="Gwangju Mudeung Stadium">Gwangju Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Olympic_Stadium" title="Seoul Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a> (final)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1992 Summer Olympics">1992</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Estadi_de_la_Nova_Creu_Alta" title="Estadi de la Nova Creu Alta">Estadi de la Nova Creu Alta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camp_Nou" title="Camp Nou">Camp Nou</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Mestalla_Stadium" title="Mestalla Stadium">Estadio Luís Casanova</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Romareda" title="La Romareda">La Romareda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarri%C3%A0_Stadium" title="Sarrià Stadium">Sarrià Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1996 Summer Olympics">1996</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Camping_World_Stadium" title="Camping World Stadium">Florida Citrus Bowl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legion_Field" title="Legion Field">Legion Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miami_Orange_Bowl" title="Miami Orange Bowl">Orange Bowl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Memorial_Stadium" title="Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium">RFK Memorial Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanford_Stadium" title="Sanford Stadium">Sanford Stadium</a> (both finals)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2000 Summer Olympics">2000</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Gabba" title="The Gabba">Brisbane Cricket Ground</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canberra_Stadium" title="Canberra Stadium">Bruce Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindmarsh_Stadium" title="Hindmarsh Stadium">Hindmarsh Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground" title="Melbourne Cricket Ground">Melbourne Cricket Ground</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadium_Australia" title="Stadium Australia">Olympic Stadium</a> (men's final), <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Football_Stadium_(1988)" title="Sydney Football Stadium (1988)">Sydney Football Stadium</a> (women's final)</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics">2004</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kaftanzoglio_Stadium" title="Kaftanzoglio Stadium">Kaftanzoglio Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karaiskakis_Stadium" title="Karaiskakis Stadium">Karaiskakis Stadium</a> (women's final), <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Athens)" title="Olympic Stadium (Athens)">Olympic Stadium</a> (men's final), <a href="/wiki/Pampeloponnisiako_Stadium" title="Pampeloponnisiako Stadium">Pampeloponnisiako Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pankritio_Stadium" title="Pankritio Stadium">Pankritio Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panthessaliko_Stadium" title="Panthessaliko Stadium">Panthessaliko Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics">2008</a></dt> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a> (men's final), <a href="/wiki/Qinhuangdao_Olympic_Sports_Center_Stadium" title="Qinhuangdao Olympic Sports Center Stadium">Qinhuangdao Olympic Sports Center Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Stadium" title="Shanghai Stadium">Shanghai Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shenyang_Olympic_Sports_Center_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium">Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tianjin_Olympic_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Tianjin Olympic Center">Tianjin Olympic Center Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Stadium_(former)" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers' Stadium (former)">Workers' Stadium</a> (women's final)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics">2012</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Coventry Arena">Coventry Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hampden_Park" title="Hampden Park">Hampden Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millennium_Stadium" title="Millennium Stadium">Millennium Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_James%27_Park" title="St James' Park">St James' Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Trafford" title="Old Trafford">Old Trafford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium" title="Wembley Stadium">Wembley Stadium</a> (both finals)</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2016 Summer Olympics">2016</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A1dio_Nacional_Man%C3%A9_Garrincha" title="Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha">Estádio Nacional de Brasília</a>, <a href="/wiki/Itaipava_Arena_Fonte_Nova" class="mw-redirect" title="Itaipava Arena Fonte Nova">Arena Fonte Nova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mineir%C3%A3o" title="Mineirão">Mineirão</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arena_Corinthians" title="Arena Corinthians">Arena Corinthians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arena_da_Amaz%C3%B4nia" title="Arena da Amazônia">Arena da Amazônia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A1dio_Ol%C3%ADmpico_Nilton_Santos" title="Estádio Olímpico Nilton Santos">Estádio Olímpico João Havelange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maracan%C3%A3_Stadium" title="Maracanã Stadium">Maracanã</a> (both finals)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2020 Summer Olympics">2020</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nissan_Stadium_(Yokohama)" title="Nissan Stadium (Yokohama)">International Stadium Yokohama</a> (both finals), <a href="/wiki/Kashima_Soccer_Stadium" title="Kashima Soccer Stadium">Kashima Soccer Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miyagi_Stadium" title="Miyagi Stadium">Miyagi Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saitama_Stadium_2002" title="Saitama Stadium 2002">Saitama Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Dome" title="Sapporo Dome">Sapporo Dome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ajinomoto_Stadium" title="Ajinomoto Stadium">Tokyo Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics">2024</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Princes" title="Parc des Princes">Parc des Princes</a> (both finals), <a href="/wiki/Parc_Olympique_Lyonnais" title="Parc Olympique Lyonnais">Parc Olympique Lyonnais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_de_la_Beaujoire" title="Stade de la Beaujoire">Stade de la Beaujoire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allianz_Riviera" title="Allianz Riviera">Stade de Nice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_Geoffroy-Guichard" title="Stade Geoffroy-Guichard">Stade Geoffroy-Guichard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nouveau_Stade_de_Bordeaux" title="Nouveau Stade de Bordeaux">Stade Matmut Atlantique</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_V%C3%A9lodrome" title="Stade Vélodrome">Stade Vélodrome</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2028_Summer_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Football at the 2028 Summer Olympics">2028</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rose_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Rose Bowl (stadium)">Rose Bowl</a> (both finals), <a href="/wiki/BMO_Stadium" title="BMO Stadium">BMO Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levi%27s_Stadium" title="Levi's Stadium">Levi's Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/PayPal_Park" title="PayPal Park">PayPal Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Stadium" title="Stanford Stadium">Stanford Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_Memorial_Stadium" title="California Memorial Stadium">California Memorial Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snapdragon_Stadium" title="Snapdragon Stadium">Snapdragon Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2030s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_at_the_2032_Summer_Olympics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Football at the 2032 Summer Olympics (page does not exist)">2032</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lang_Park" title="Lang Park">Lang Park</a> (both finals), <a href="/wiki/Barlow_Park" title="Barlow Park">Barlow Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Rectangular_Stadium" title="Melbourne Rectangular Stadium">Melbourne Rectangular Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Queensland_Stadium" title="North Queensland Stadium">North Queensland Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Coast_Stadium" title="Sunshine Coast Stadium">Sunshine Coast Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Football_Stadium_(2022)" title="Sydney Football Stadium (2022)">Sydney Football Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robina_Stadium" title="Robina Stadium">Robina Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Football_pictogram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Football_pictogram.svg/50px-Football_pictogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Football_pictogram.svg/75px-Football_pictogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Football_pictogram.svg/100px-Football_pictogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Summer_Olympic_stadiums94" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Summer_Olympic_stadiums" title="Template:Summer Olympic stadiums"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Summer_Olympic_stadiums" title="Template talk:Summer Olympic stadiums"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Summer_Olympic_stadiums" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Summer Olympic stadiums"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Summer_Olympic_stadiums94" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium" title="Olympic Stadium">Summer Olympic stadiums</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Stadium" title="Panathenaic Stadium">Panathenaic Stadium</a> (Athens 1896)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9lodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Vélodrome de Vincennes">Vélodrome de Vincennes</a> (Paris 1900)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Olympic_Field" title="Francis Olympic Field">Francis Olympic Field</a> (St Louis 1904)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/White_City_Stadium" title="White City Stadium">White City Stadium</a> (London 1908)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Olympic_Stadium" title="Stockholm Olympic Stadium">Stockholm Olympic Stadium</a> (Stockholm 1912)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olympisch_Stadion_(Antwerp)" title="Olympisch Stadion (Antwerp)">Olympisch Stadion</a> (Antwerp 1920)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stade_Yves-du-Manoir" title="Stade Yves-du-Manoir">Stade Yves-du-Manoir</a> (Paris 1924)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Amsterdam)" title="Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam)">Olympic Stadium</a> (Amsterdam 1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum</a> (Los Angeles 1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olympiastadion_(Berlin)" title="Olympiastadion (Berlin)">Olympiastadion</a> (Berlin 1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)" title="Wembley Stadium (1923)">Wembley Stadium</a> (London 1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Olympic_Stadium" title="Helsinki Olympic Stadium">Helsinki Olympic Stadium</a> (Helsinki 1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground" title="Melbourne Cricket Ground">Melbourne Cricket Ground</a> (Melbourne 1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stadio_Olimpico" title="Stadio Olimpico">Stadio Olimpico</a> (Rome 1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Stadium_(Tokyo,_1958)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Stadium (Tokyo, 1958)">National Stadium</a> (Tokyo 1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Estadio_Ol%C3%ADmpico_Universitario" title="Estadio Olímpico Universitario">Estadio Olímpico Universitario</a> (Mexico City 1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olympiastadion_(Munich)" title="Olympiastadion (Munich)">Olympiastadion</a> (Munich 1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Montreal)" title="Olympic Stadium (Montreal)">Olympic Stadium</a> (Montreal 1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_Stadium" title="Luzhniki Stadium">Luzhniki Stadium</a> (Moscow 1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum</a> (Los Angeles 1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Seoul_Olympic_Stadium" title="Seoul Olympic Stadium">Seoul Olympic Stadium</a> (Seoul 1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Estadi_Ol%C3%ADmpic_Llu%C3%ADs_Companys" title="Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys">Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys</a> (Barcelona 1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Olympic_Stadium" title="Centennial Olympic Stadium">Centennial Olympic Stadium</a> (Atlanta 1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stadium_Australia" title="Stadium Australia">Stadium Australia</a> (Sydney 2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Athens)" title="Olympic Stadium (Athens)">Olympic Stadium</a> (Athens 2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a> (Beijing 2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/London_Stadium" title="London Stadium">London Stadium</a> (London 2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A1dio_Ol%C3%ADmpico_Nilton_Santos" title="Estádio Olímpico Nilton Santos">Estádio Olímpico Nilton Santos</a>/<a href="/wiki/Maracan%C3%A3_Stadium" title="Maracanã Stadium">Maracanã Stadium</a> (Rio de Janeiro 2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japan_National_Stadium" title="Japan National Stadium">Japan National Stadium</a> (Tokyo 2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stade_de_France" title="Stade de France">Stade de France</a> (Paris 2024)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum</a>/<a href="/wiki/SoFi_Stadium" title="SoFi Stadium">SoFi Stadium</a></i> (Los Angeles 2028)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Lang_Park" title="Lang Park">Lang Park</a></i> (Brisbane 2032)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Winter_Olympic_stadiums67" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Winter_Olympic_stadiums" title="Template:Winter Olympic stadiums"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Winter_Olympic_stadiums" title="Template talk:Winter Olympic stadiums"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Winter_Olympic_stadiums" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Winter Olympic stadiums"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winter_Olympic_stadiums67" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium" title="Olympic Stadium">Winter Olympic stadiums</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Olympique_de_Chamonix" title="Stade Olympique de Chamonix">Stade Olympique de Chamonix</a> (Chamonix 1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Moritz_Olympic_Ice_Rink" title="St. Moritz Olympic Ice Rink">St. Moritz Olympic Ice Rink</a> (St. Moritz 1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Sheffield_Olympic_Skating_Rink" title="James B. Sheffield Olympic Skating Rink">James B. Sheffield Olympic Skating Rink</a> (Lake Placid 1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fe_Olympiaschanze" title="Große Olympiaschanze">Große Olympiaschanze</a> (Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Moritz_Olympic_Ice_Rink" title="St. Moritz Olympic Ice Rink">St. Moritz Olympic Ice Rink</a> (St. Moritz 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bislett_Stadium" title="Bislett Stadium">Bislett Stadium</a> (Oslo 1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadio_olimpico_del_ghiaccio" title="Stadio olimpico del ghiaccio">Stadio olimpico del ghiaccio</a> (Cortina d'Ampezzo 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blyth_Arena" title="Blyth Arena">Blyth Arena</a> (Squaw Valley 1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergisel_Ski_Jump" title="Bergisel Ski Jump">Bergisel Ski Jump</a> and <a href="/wiki/Olympiahalle" title="Olympiahalle">Olympiahalle</a> (Innsbruck 1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Grenoble)" title="Olympic Stadium (Grenoble)">Olympic Stadium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palais_des_Sports_(Grenoble)" title="Palais des Sports (Grenoble)">Palais des Sports (Grenoble)</a> (Grenoble 1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makomanai_Open_Stadium" title="Makomanai Open Stadium">Makomanai Open Stadium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Makomanai_Ice_Arena" title="Makomanai Ice Arena">Makomanai Ice Arena</a> (Sapporo 1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergisel_Ski_Jump" title="Bergisel Ski Jump">Bergisel Ski Jump</a> and <a href="/wiki/Olympiahalle" title="Olympiahalle">Olympiahalle</a> (Innsbruck 1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Placid_Equestrian_Stadium" title="Lake Placid Equestrian Stadium">Lake Placid Equestrian Stadium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Herb_Brooks_Arena" title="Herb Brooks Arena">Herb Brooks Arena</a> (Lake Placid 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1evo_City_Stadium" title="Koševo City Stadium">Koševo City Stadium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zetra_Olympic_Hall,_Sarajevo" title="Zetra Olympic Hall, Sarajevo">Zetra Olympic Hall</a> (Sarajevo 1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMahon_Stadium" title="McMahon Stadium">McMahon Stadium</a> (Calgary 1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_des_C%C3%A9r%C3%A9monies" title="Théâtre des Cérémonies">Théâtre des Cérémonies</a> (Albertville 1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysg%C3%A5rdsbakken" title="Lysgårdsbakken">Lysgårdsbakken</a> (Lillehammer 1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagano_Olympic_Stadium" title="Nagano Olympic Stadium">Nagano Olympic Stadium</a> (Nagano 1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rice%E2%80%93Eccles_Stadium" title="Rice–Eccles Stadium">Rice–Eccles Stadium</a> (Salt Lake City 2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadio_Olimpico_Grande_Torino" title="Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino">Stadio Olimpico Grande Torino</a> (Turin 2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BC_Place" title="BC Place">BC Place</a> (Vancouver 2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisht_Olympic_Stadium" title="Fisht Olympic Stadium">Fisht Olympic Stadium</a> (Sochi 2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyeongchang_Olympic_Stadium" title="Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium">Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium</a> (Pyeongchang 2018)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a> (Beijing 2022)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/San_Siro" title="San Siro">San Siro</a> and <a href="/wiki/Verona_Arena" title="Verona Arena">Verona Arena</a></i> (Milan–Cortina 2026)</li> <li>TBA (French Alps 2030)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice%E2%80%93Eccles_Stadium" title="Rice–Eccles Stadium">Rice–Eccles Stadium</a> (Salt Lake City 2034)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Notable_buildings_and_structures_in_Beijing_from_the_modern_era221" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Buildings_and_structures_in_Beijing" title="Template:Buildings and structures in Beijing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Buildings_and_structures_in_Beijing" title="Template talk:Buildings and structures in Beijing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Buildings_and_structures_in_Beijing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Buildings and structures in Beijing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Notable_buildings_and_structures_in_Beijing_from_the_modern_era221" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Notable buildings and structures in <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> from the modern era</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ten_Great_Buildings" title="Ten Great Buildings">Ten Great Buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_railway_station" title="Beijing railway station">Beijing railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Palace_of_Nationalities" title="Cultural Palace of Nationalities">Cultural Palace of Nationalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaoyutai_State_Guesthouse" title="Diaoyutai State Guesthouse">Diaoyutai State Guesthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Hall_of_the_People" title="Great Hall of the People">Great Hall of the People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Museum_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Revolution" title="Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution">Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minzu_Hotel" title="Minzu Hotel">Minzu Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_China" title="National Museum of China">National Museum of China</a></li> <li>Workers' Stadium <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Stadium_(1959)" title="Workers' Stadium (1959)">1959–2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Stadium" title="Workers' Stadium">2023–present</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green" title="Olympic Green">Olympic Green</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Aquatics_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing National Aquatics Center">Beijing National Aquatics Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Indoor_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing National Indoor Stadium">Beijing National Indoor Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Olympic_Tower" title="Beijing Olympic Tower">Beijing Olympic Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Convention_Center" title="China National Convention Center">China National Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Beijing_Building" title="Digital Beijing Building">Digital Beijing Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Tennis_Center,_Beijing" class="mw-redirect" title="National Tennis Center, Beijing">National Tennis Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tiananmen_Square" title="Tiananmen Square">Tiananmen Square</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_Mao_Memorial_Hall" title="Chairman Mao Memorial Hall">Chairman Mao Memorial Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_People%27s_Heroes" title="Monument to the People's Heroes">Monument to the People's Heroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Centre_for_the_Performing_Arts_(China)" title="National Centre for the Performing Arts (China)">National Centre for the Performing Arts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Planetarium" title="Beijing Planetarium">Beijing Planetarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Museum" title="Capital Museum">Capital Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Aviation_Museum" title="China Aviation Museum">China Aviation Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Railway_Museum" title="China Railway Museum">China Railway Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Science_and_Technology_Museum" title="China Science and Technology Museum">China Science and Technology Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Museum of the Chinese Communist Party">Museum of the Chinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_War_of_Chinese_People%27s_Resistance_Against_Japanese_Aggression" title="Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression">Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Art_Museum_of_China" title="National Art Museum of China">National Art Museum of China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Capital_International_Airport" title="Beijing Capital International Airport">Beijing Capital International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_South_railway_station" title="Beijing South railway station">Beijing South railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_West_railway_station" title="Beijing West railway station">Beijing West railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Daxing_International_Airport" title="Beijing Daxing International Airport">Beijing Daxing International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Beijing_central_business_district" title="Beijing central business district">CBD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_TV_Centre" title="Beijing TV Centre">Beijing TV Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Yintai_Centre" title="Beijing Yintai Centre">Beijing Yintai Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CCTV_Headquarters" title="CCTV Headquarters">CCTV Headquarters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Radio_%26_TV_Tower" title="Central Radio & TV Tower">CCTV Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_China_World_Trade_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="The China World Trade Center">The China World Trade Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortune_Plaza" title="Fortune Plaza">Fortune Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jing_Guang_Centre" title="Jing Guang Centre">Jing Guang Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Zun" title="China Zun">China Zun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other government buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_China" title="National Library of China">National Library of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Indoor_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers Indoor Arena">Workers Indoor Arena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IAP_Meteorological_Tower" title="IAP Meteorological Tower">IAP Meteorological Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Beijing_Poly_Plaza" title="New Beijing Poly Plaza">New Beijing Poly Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_SOHO" title="Galaxy SOHO">Galaxy SOHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wangjing_SOHO" title="Wangjing SOHO">Wangjing SOHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leeza_SOHO" title="Leeza SOHO">Leeza SOHO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Venues_of_the_World_Athletics_Championships48" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Athletics_Championships_venues" title="Template:World Athletics Championships venues"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Athletics_Championships_venues" title="Template talk:World Athletics Championships venues"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Athletics_Championships_venues" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Athletics Championships venues"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Venues_of_the_World_Athletics_Championships48" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Venues of the <a href="/wiki/World_Athletics_Championships" title="World Athletics Championships">World Athletics Championships</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1983_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1983 World Championships in Athletics">1983</a>: <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Olympic_Stadium" title="Helsinki Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium (Helsinki)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1987 World Championships in Athletics">1987</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Olimpico" title="Stadio Olimpico">Olympic Stadium (Rome)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1991_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1991 World Championships in Athletics">1991</a>: <a href="/wiki/National_Stadium_(Tokyo,_1958)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Stadium (Tokyo, 1958)">National Stadium (Tokyo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1993 World Championships in Athletics">1993</a>: <a href="/wiki/MHPArena" title="MHPArena">Neckarstadium (Stuttgart)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1995 World Championships in Athletics">1995</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ullevi" title="Ullevi">Ullevi</a> (Gothenburg)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1997 World Championships in Athletics">1997</a>: <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Athens)" title="Olympic Stadium (Athens)">Olympic Stadium (Athens)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="1999 World Championships in Athletics">1999</a>: <a href="/wiki/Estadio_de_La_Cartuja" title="Estadio de La Cartuja">Estadio de La Cartuja</a> (Seville)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2001_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2001 World Championships in Athletics">2001</a>: <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Stadium" title="Commonwealth Stadium">Commonwealth Stadium</a> (Edmonton)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2003 World Championships in Athletics">2003</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stade_de_France" title="Stade de France">Stade de France</a> (Paris)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2005 World Championships in Athletics">2005</a>: <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Olympic_Stadium" title="Helsinki Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium (Helsinki)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2007 World Championships in Athletics">2007</a>: <a href="/wiki/Yanmar_Stadium_Nagai" class="mw-redirect" title="Yanmar Stadium Nagai">Nagai Stadium</a> (Osaka)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2009 World Championships in Athletics">2009</a>: <a href="/wiki/Olympiastadion_(Berlin)" title="Olympiastadion (Berlin)">Olympic Stadium (Berlin)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2011 World Championships in Athletics">2011</a>: <a href="/wiki/Daegu_Stadium" title="Daegu Stadium">Daegu Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2013 World Championships in Athletics">2013</a>: <a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_Stadium" title="Luzhniki Stadium">Luzhniki Stadium</a> (Moscow)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2015 World Championships in Athletics">2015</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_World_Championships_in_Athletics" title="2017 World Championships in Athletics">2017</a>: <a href="/wiki/London_Stadium" title="London Stadium">London Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_World_Athletics_Championships" title="2019 World Athletics Championships">2019</a>: <a href="/wiki/Khalifa_International_Stadium" title="Khalifa International Stadium">Khalifa International Stadium</a> (Doha)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_World_Athletics_Championships" title="2022 World Athletics Championships">2022</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hayward_Field" title="Hayward Field">Hayward Field</a> (Eugene)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_World_Athletics_Championships" title="2023 World Athletics Championships">2023</a>: <a href="/wiki/National_Athletics_Centre_(Budapest)" title="National Athletics Centre (Budapest)">National Athletics Centre</a> (Budapest)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_World_Athletics_Championships" title="2025 World Athletics Championships">2025</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Japan_National_Stadium" title="Japan National Stadium">National Stadium</a></i> (Tokyo)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2027_World_Athletics_Championships" title="2027 World Athletics Championships">2027</a>: <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Stadium_Super_Trucks_race_venues_(2013–present)150" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Stadium_Super_Trucks_tracks" title="Template:Stadium Super Trucks tracks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Stadium_Super_Trucks_tracks" title="Template talk:Stadium Super Trucks tracks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Stadium_Super_Trucks_tracks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Stadium Super Trucks tracks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Stadium_Super_Trucks_race_venues_(2013–present)150" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Stadium_Super_Trucks" title="Stadium Super Trucks">Stadium Super Trucks</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Stadium_Super_Trucks_tracks" title="List of Stadium Super Trucks tracks">race venues</a> (2013–present)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current (<a href="/w/index.php?title=2025_Stadium_Super_Trucks_Series&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2025 Stadium Super Trucks Series (page does not exist)">2025</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_of_Long_Beach" title="Grand Prix of Long Beach">Long Beach</a></li> <li>TBA</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Street_Circuit" title="Adelaide Street Circuit">Adelaide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_of_the_Americas" title="Circuit of the Americas">Austin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Grand_Prix_(IndyCar)" title="Detroit Grand Prix (IndyCar)">Belle Isle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Motor_Speedway" title="Bristol Motor Speedway">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Motor_Speedway" title="Charlotte Motor Speedway">Charlotte (Dirt Track)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_North_Island" title="Naval Air Station North Island">Coronado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OC_Fair_%26_Event_Center" title="OC Fair & Event Center">Costa Mesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crandon_International_Off-Road_Raceway" title="Crandon International Off-Road Raceway">Crandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Farm_Stadium" title="State Farm Stadium">Glendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidden_Valley_Raceway" title="Hidden Valley Raceway">Hidden Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Motor_Speedway" title="Indianapolis Motor Speedway">Indianapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Elsinore_Diamond" title="Lake Elsinore Diamond">Lake Elsinore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesars_Palace" title="Caesars Palace">Las Vegas (Caesars Palace)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Village" title="Las Vegas Village">Las Vegas Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Memorial_Coliseum" title="Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estadio_GNP_Seguros" title="Estadio GNP Seguros">Mexico City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Ohio_Sports_Car_Course" title="Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course">Mid-Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_City_Grand_Prix" title="Music City Grand Prix">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_International_Raceway" title="Portland International Raceway">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_America" title="Road America">Road America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Helen_Regional_Park" title="Glen Helen Regional Park">San Bernardino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SDCCU_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="SDCCU Stadium">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dome_at_America%27s_Center" title="The Dome at America's Center">St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_of_St._Petersburg" title="Grand Prix of St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfers_Paradise_Street_Circuit" title="Surfers Paradise Street Circuit">Surfers Paradise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Motorsport_Park" title="Sydney Motorsport Park">Sydney (Eastern Creek)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homebush_Street_Circuit" title="Homebush Street Circuit">Sydney (Homebush)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Speedway" title="Sydney Speedway">Sydney (Speedway)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symmons_Plains_Raceway" title="Symmons Plains Raceway">Symmons Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Motor_Speedway" title="Texas Motor Speedway">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Prix_of_Toronto" title="Grand Prix of Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reid_Park_Street_Circuit" title="Reid Park Street Circuit">Townsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanneroo_Raceway" title="Wanneroo Raceway">Wanneroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watkins_Glen_International" title="Watkins Glen International">Watkins Glen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chaoyang_District,_Beijing117" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chaoyang_District,_Beijing" title="Template:Chaoyang District, Beijing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chaoyang_District,_Beijing" title="Template talk:Chaoyang District, Beijing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chaoyang_District,_Beijing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chaoyang District, Beijing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chaoyang_District,_Beijing117" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chaoyang_District,_Beijing" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaoyang District, Beijing">Chaoyang District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_central_business_district" title="Beijing central business district">Beijing central business district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaowai_Subdistrict" title="Chaowai Subdistrict">Chaowai Subdistrict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashanzi" title="Dashanzi">Dashanzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanlitun" title="Sanlitun">Sanlitun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wangjing_Subdistrict" class="mw-redirect" title="Wangjing Subdistrict">Wangjing Subdistrict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yabaolu" title="Yabaolu">Yabaolu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yayuncun_Subdistrict" title="Yayuncun Subdistrict">Yayuncun Subdistrict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tertiary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_International_Studies_University" title="Beijing International Studies University">Beijing International Studies University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Academy_of_Fine_Arts" title="Central Academy of Fine Arts">Central Academy of Fine Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Women%27s_University" title="China Women's University">China Women's University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">K-12</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/No.80_High_School_of_Beijing" class="mw-redirect" title="No.80 High School of Beijing">No.80 High School of Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beanstalk_International_Bilingual_School" title="Beanstalk International Bilingual School">Beanstalk International Bilingual School</a> <small>Upper East Side and Dongrun</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_BISS_International_School" title="Beijing BISS International School">Beijing BISS International School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Ritan_High_School" title="Beijing Ritan High School">Beijing Ritan High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_School_of_Beijing" title="British School of Beijing">British School of Beijing, Sanlitun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Chen_Jing_Lun_High_School" title="Beijing Chen Jing Lun High School">Beijing Chen Jing Lun High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_City_International_School" title="Beijing City International School">Beijing City International School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_International_School_of_Beijing" title="Canadian International School of Beijing">Canadian International School of Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Botschaftsschule_Peking" title="Deutsche Botschaftsschule Peking">Deutsche Botschaftsschule Peking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow_International_School_Beijing" title="Harrow International School Beijing">Harrow International School Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_Attached_to_Beijing_University_of_Technology" title="High School Attached to Beijing University of Technology">High School Attached to Beijing University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_School_of_Beijing" title="Japanese School of Beijing">Japanese School of Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_International_School_in_Beijing" title="Korean International School in Beijing">Korean International School in Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_Fran%C3%A7ais_International_Charles_de_Gaulle_de_P%C3%A9kin" title="Lycée Français International Charles de Gaulle de Pékin">Lycée Français International Charles de Gaulle de Pékin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Embassy_College_Beijing" title="Pakistan Embassy College Beijing">Pakistan Embassy College Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yew_Chung_International_School_of_Beijing" title="Yew Chung International School of Beijing">Yew Chung International School of Beijing</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Closed6" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dulwich_College_Beijing" title="Dulwich College Beijing">Dulwich College Beijing</a> <small>Beijing Riviera Campus</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/798_Art_Zone" title="798 Art Zone">798 Art Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Antique_Market" title="Beijing Antique Market">Beijing Antique Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Dongyue_Temple" title="Beijing Dongyue Temple">Beijing Dongyue Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Aquatics_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing National Aquatics Center">Beijing National Aquatics Center</a> (Water Cube)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Yintai_Centre" title="Beijing Yintai Centre">Beijing Yintai Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaoyang_Park" title="Chaoyang Park">Chaoyang Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan_Friendship_Hospital" title="China–Japan Friendship Hospital">China–Japan Friendship Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Railway_Museum" title="China Railway Museum">China Railway Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_China_World_Trade_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="The China World Trade Center">The China World Trade Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CMG_Headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="CMG Headquarters">CMG Headquarters</a> (CCTV Building)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Beijing_Building" title="Digital Beijing Building">Digital Beijing Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_Kingdom,_Beijing" title="Embassy of the United Kingdom, Beijing">Embassy of the United Kingdom, Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Beijing" title="Embassy of the United States, Beijing">Embassy of the United States, Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairmont_Beijing" title="Fairmont Beijing">Fairmont Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INDIGO,_Beijing" title="INDIGO, Beijing">INDIGO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempinski_Hotel_Beijing_Lufthansa_Center" title="Kempinski Hotel Beijing Lufthansa Center">Kempinski Hotel Beijing Lufthansa Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green" title="Olympic Green">Olympic Green</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Indoor_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing National Indoor Stadium">Beijing National Indoor Stadium</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Beijing National Stadium</a> (Bird's Nest)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Olympic_Tower" title="Beijing Olympic Tower">Beijing Olympic Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Olympic_Village" title="Beijing Olympic Village">Beijing Olympic Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Convention_Center" title="China National Convention Center">China National Convention Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Science_and_Technology_Museum" title="China Science and Technology Museum">China Science and Technology Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Beijing_Building" title="Digital Beijing Building">Digital Beijing Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ling_Long_Pagoda" title="Ling Long Pagoda">Ling Long Pagoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Speed_Skating_Oval" title="Beijing National Speed Skating Oval">Beijing National Speed Skating Oval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Tennis_Center,_Beijing" class="mw-redirect" title="National Tennis Center, Beijing">National Tennis Center, Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green_Archery_Field" title="Olympic Green Archery Field">Olympic Green Archery Field</a> (Closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Green_Hockey_Field" title="Olympic Green Hockey Field">Olympic Green Hockey Field</a> (Closed)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritan_Park_(Beijing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritan Park (Beijing)">Ritan Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Street" title="Silk Street">Silk Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taikoo_Li_Sanlitun" title="Taikoo Li Sanlitun">Taikoo Li Sanlitun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Stadium_(2023)" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers' Stadium (2023)">Workers' Stadium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Stadium_(former)" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers' Stadium (former)">former stadium</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Capital_International_Airport" title="Beijing Capital International Airport">Beijing Capital International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/China_Railway" title="China Railway">China Railway</a><br />stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Chaoyang_railway_station" title="Beijing Chaoyang railway station">Beijing Chaoyang railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_East_railway_station" title="Beijing East railway station">Beijing East railway station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Subway" title="Beijing Subway">Beijing Subway</a><br />stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beiyuanlu_North_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Beiyuanlu North station">Beiyuanlu North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaoyangmen_station_(Beijing_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaoyangmen station (Beijing Subway)">Chaoyangmen</a> (part)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datunlu_East_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Datunlu East station">Datunlu East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawanglu_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Dawanglu station">Dawanglu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangqumenwai_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Guangqumenwai station">Guangqumenwai</a> (part)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guomao_station_(Beijing_Subway)" title="Guomao station (Beijing Subway)">Guomao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huixinxijie_Beikou_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Huixinxijie Beikou station">Huixinxijie Beikou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huixinxijie_Nankou_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Huixinxijie Nankou station">Huixinxijie Nankou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jianguomen_station" title="Jianguomen station">Jianguomen</a> (part)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiaohuachang_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiaohuachang Station">Jiaohuachang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lishuiqiao_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Lishuiqiao station">Lishuiqiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lishuiqiao_South_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Lishuiqiao South station">Lishuiqiao South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihui_station" title="Sihui station">Sihui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihuidong_station" title="Sihuidong station">Sihuidong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yong%27anli_station" title="Yong'anli station">Yong'anli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 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