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苏轼 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书

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aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&amp;wmf_medium=sidebar&amp;wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=zh" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&amp;returnto=%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&amp;returnto=%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&amp;wmf_medium=sidebar&amp;wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&amp;returnto=%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&amp;returnto=%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生平-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生平子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-家世" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#家世"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>家世</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-家世-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-履历" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#履历"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>履历</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-履历-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-性格" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#性格"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>性格</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-性格-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-風格" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#風格"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>風格</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-風格-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关風格子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-風格-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-詩風" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#詩風"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>詩風</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-詩風-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-詞風" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#詞風"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>詞風</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-詞風-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-赋風" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#赋風"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>赋風</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-赋風-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-書風" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#書風"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>書風</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-書風-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-畫風" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#畫風"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>畫風</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-畫風-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-著作" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#著作"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>著作</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-著作-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-家庭" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#家庭"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>家庭</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-家庭-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-評價" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#評價"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>評價</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-評價-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关評價子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-評價-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-古代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#古代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>古代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-古代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-近代(中晚清、民初)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#近代(中晚清、民初)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>近代(中晚清、民初)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-近代(中晚清、民初)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-现代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#现代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>现代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-现代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注本" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注本"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>注本</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注本-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-軼聞" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#軼聞"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>軼聞</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-軼聞-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關美食菜肴" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關美食菜肴"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>相關美食菜肴</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關美食菜肴-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-参见-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关参见子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-影視形象" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#影視形象"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>影視形象</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-影視形象-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-紀錄片" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#紀錄片"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>紀錄片</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-紀錄片-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考書目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考書目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>參考書目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考書目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-研究書目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#研究書目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>研究書目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-研究書目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">苏轼</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。41种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88_%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="سو شي – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سو شي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88_%D8%B4%D9%89" title="سو شى – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سو شى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83_%D0%A8%D1%8B" title="Су Шы – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Су Шы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="སུའུ་ཧྲི། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སུའུ་ཧྲི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%AD_S%C3%A9k" title="Sŭ Sék – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sŭ Sék" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_%C5%A0%E2%80%99" title="Su Š’ – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Su Š’" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_%C5%9Ci" title="Su Ŝi – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Su Ŝi" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88_%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="سو شی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سو شی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szu_Si" title="Szu Si – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szu Si" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%87%D5%AB" title="Սու Շի – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սու Շի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" title="蘇軾 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="蘇軾" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%8B%9D_(%EB%B6%81%EC%86%A1)" title="소식 (북송) – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소식 (북송)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83_%D0%A8%D0%B8" title="Су Ши – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Су Ши" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_%C5%A0%E2%80%99" title="Su Š’ – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Su Š’" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83_%D0%A8%D0%B8" title="Су Ши – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Су Ши" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su_Shi" title="Su Shi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Su Shi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83_%D0%A8%D0%B8" title="Су Ши – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Су Ши" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B4_%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Pha" title="Tô Đông Pha – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tô Đông Pha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" title="苏轼 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏轼" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suh_Si" title="Suh Si – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Suh Si" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" title="蘇軾 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="蘇軾" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%CD%98_Sek" title="So͘ Sek – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="So͘ Sek" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" title="蘇軾 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇軾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36020#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> 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width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科,自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>「<b>蘇東坡</b>」重定向至此。关于其他用法,请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="蘇東坡 (消歧義)">蘇東坡 (消歧义)</a></b>」。</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/24px-Confusion_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/36px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/48px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><b>提示</b>:此条目页的主题不是華語的略縮語“<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%9D%B1%E6%B3%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇東波">蘇東波</a></b>”——20世紀蘇聯末期東歐民主浪潮的非正式簡稱。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #FFFFDD">苏轼</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#CDDBE8">宋朝文學家、政治家、书法家</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Su_shi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Su_shi.jpg/220px-Su_shi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="518" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Su_shi.jpg/330px-Su_shi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Su_shi.jpg/440px-Su_shi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1766" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">元<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E5%AD%9F%E9%A0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="赵孟頫">赵孟頫</a>绘</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">姓</th><td class="infobox-data family-name" style="">苏</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">名</th><td class="infobox-data given-name" style="">轼</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%AD%97" title="表字">字</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">子瞻<br />和仲</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="號">號</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">東坡居士</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%97" title="宋仁宗">宋仁宗</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E7%A5%90" title="景祐">景祐</a>三年十二月十九日<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1037-01-08</span>)</span>1037年1月8日<br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E9%83%BD%E5%BA%9C%E8%B7%AF" title="成都府路">成都府路</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%89%E5%B7%9E" title="眉州">眉州</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">婚年</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1054年<br />1069年</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%BE%BD%E5%AE%97" title="宋徽宗">宋徽宗</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD" title="建中靖国">建中靖國</a>元年七月二十八日<br />1101年8月24日<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">1101歲—08—24</span>)</span>(64歲)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A4%E6%B5%99%E8%B7%AF" title="两浙路">两浙路</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="常州">常州</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A5%E5%8F%B7" title="谥号">谥号</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">文忠</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84560819">.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border:0;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox bordered mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; border: none;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #CFCFCF; text-align: center">親屬<span id="mw-collapsible-toggle-placeholder"></span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B6%E8%A6%AA" title="父親">父親</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%B4%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇洵">蘇洵</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E8%A6%AA" title="母親">母親</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">程氏</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">元配</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%97" title="王弗">王弗</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%96%8F%E4%B9%8B" title="王閏之">王閏之</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">側室</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E9%9B%B2" title="王朝雲">王朝雲</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">元配之父</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E6%96%B9_(%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="王方 (宋朝)(页面不存在)">王方</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">繼室之父</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E4%BB%8B_(%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="王介 (宋朝)(页面不存在)">王介</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">同胞兄弟</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E6%99%AF%E5%85%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇景先(页面不存在)">蘇景先</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇轍">蘇轍</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">同胞姊妹</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">蘇氏<br />蘇氏<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E5%85%AB%E5%A8%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇八娘(页面不存在)">蘇八娘</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">嫡子</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BF%88" title="苏迈">蘇邁</a>(母王弗)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BF%A8" title="苏迨">蘇迨</a>(母王闰之)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%81%8E" title="蘇過">蘇過</a>(母王闰之)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">庶子</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E9%81%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇遁(页面不存在)">蘇遁</a>(母王朝雲)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header collapsible collapsed" style="background: #CFCFCF;">著作</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;">《蘇軾文集》<br />《蘇軾詩集》<br />《東坡樂府》<br />《東坡志林》</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>苏轼</b>(1037年1月8日—1101年8月24日),<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%89%E5%B7%9E" title="眉州">眉州</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%89%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="眉山市">眉山</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%9C%81" title="四川省">四川省</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%89%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="眉山市">眉山市</a>)人,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B" title="北宋">北宋</a>時著名的文學家、政治家、藝術家。字<b>子瞻</b>,一字<b>和仲</b>,号<b>东坡居士、鐵冠道人</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E4%BD%91" class="mw-redirect" title="嘉佑">嘉佑</a>二年进士,累官至端明殿学士兼<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%B0%E6%9E%97%E5%AD%A6%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="翰林学士">翰林學士</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AE%E9%83%A8%E9%83%8E%E4%B8%AD" title="禮部郎中">礼部郎中</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B7%E9%83%A8%E4%BE%8D%E9%83%8E" title="户部侍郎">户部侍郎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B5%E9%83%A8%E5%B0%9A%E4%B9%A6" title="兵部尚书">兵部尚书</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B" title="南宋">南宋</a>理學方熾時,加賜<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%A1%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="諡號">諡號</a><b>文忠</b>,復<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%BD%E8%B4%88" title="追贈">追贈</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B8%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="太師">太師</a>。有《東坡先生大全集》及《東坡樂府》詞集傳世,宋人<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%97%E7%A8%B7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="王宗稷(页面不存在)">王宗稷</a>收其作品,編有《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0%E5%85%AC%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇文忠公全集(页面不存在)">蘇文忠公全集</a>》。 </p><p>其<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87" title="散文">散文</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="诗">诗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D_(%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6)" title="词 (文学)">词</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%8B" title="赋">赋</a>均有成就,且善<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A6%E6%B3%95" title="书法">书法</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%AA%E7%95%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="繪畫">繪画</a>,是文学艺术史上的通才,也是公认韻文散文造诣皆傑出的大家。蘇軾的<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87" title="散文">散文</a>為唐宋四家(<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%84%88" class="mw-redirect" title="韓愈">韓</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B3%E5%AE%97%E5%85%83" title="柳宗元">柳</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E9%99%BD%E4%BF%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="歐陽修">歐</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇軾">蘇</a>)之末,與<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="唐代">唐代</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%87%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="古文运动">古文運動</a>發起者<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%84%88" class="mw-redirect" title="韓愈">韓愈</a>並稱為“韓潮蘇海”,也與<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E9%99%BD%E4%BF%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="歐陽修">歐陽修</a>並稱“歐蘇”;更與父親<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%B4%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇洵">蘇洵</a>、弟<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇轍">蘇轍</a>合稱“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%98%87" class="mw-redirect" title="三蘇">三蘇</a>”,父子三人,同列<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%AE%8B%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AE%B6" title="唐宋八大家">唐宋八大家</a>。蘇軾之詩與<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%BA%AD%E5%A0%85" title="黃庭堅">黃庭堅</a>並稱“蘇黃”<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,又与<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B8%E6%B8%B8" title="陸游">陸游</a>并称「苏陆」<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>;其詞“以詩入詞”,首開詞壇“豪放”一派,振作了晚唐、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="五代">五代</a>以來綺靡的西崑體餘風。後世與南宋<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E6%A3%84%E7%96%BE" title="辛棄疾">辛棄疾</a>並稱「蘇辛」,惟蘇軾故作豪放,其實清朗;其<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%8B" title="赋">賦</a>亦頗有名氣,最知名者為貶謫期間借題發揮寫的前後《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E8%B5%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="赤壁赋">赤壁賦</a>》。<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="宋代">宋代</a>每逢<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E8%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="科舉">科考</a>常出現其文命題之考試,故當時學者曰:“蘇文熟,喫羊肉、蘇文生,嚼菜羹”。藝術方面,書法名列“苏、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%BA%AD%E5%A0%85" title="黃庭堅">黃</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%8A%BE" title="米芾">米</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E8%A5%84" title="蔡襄">蔡</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>”等<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B" title="北宋">北宋</a>四大<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B8%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="書法">書法</a>家(<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%9B%9B%E5%AE%B6" title="宋四家">宋四家</a>)之首;其畫則開創了<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B9%96%E5%B7%9E%E7%95%AB%E6%B4%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="湖州畫派(页面不存在)">湖州畫派</a>;並在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%8C%E7%95%AB%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="題畫文學(页面不存在)">題畫文學</a>史上佔有舉足輕重的地位。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="王安石變法">王安石變法</a>期間,蘇軾雖贊同政治應該改革,但反對操之過急的政策以及王安石任用的接手者<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E6%83%A0%E5%8D%BF" title="呂惠卿">呂惠卿</a>,因此招來新黨爪牙<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%AE%9A_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="李定 (北宋)">李定</a>橫加陷害;後來又因蘇軾反對包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%A5%90%E6%9B%B4%E5%8C%96" title="元祐更化">元祐更化</a>盡廢新法等保守作為,接連受到以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="司馬光">司馬光</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E9%A0%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="程頤">程頤</a>為首的舊黨斥退,終生當不了<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B0%E7%9B%B8" title="宰相">宰相</a>。由於蘇軾在<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%88%8A%E9%BB%A8%E7%88%AD" title="新舊黨爭">新舊黨爭</a>中兩邊不討好導致仕途失意,被侍妾王朝雲戲稱為“一肚皮不合時宜”。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>在元祐更化時一度官至<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B5%E9%83%A8%E5%B0%9A%E4%B9%A6" title="兵部尚书">兵部尚书</a>;<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B9%E8%81%96" title="紹聖">紹聖</a>年間因新黨的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="章惇">章惇</a>為相,又加貶謫至<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%8B%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" title="儋州 (古代)">儋州</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="海南島">海南島</a>);<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%BE%BD%E5%AE%97" title="宋徽宗">徽宗</a>即位,遇赦北歸時病卒於<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="常州">常州</a>。墓在河南郏縣。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="家世"><span id=".E5.AE.B6.E4.B8.96"></span>家世</h3></div> <p>祖父苏序,<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%AD%97" title="表字">表字</a>仲先。祖母史氏。父<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%B4%B5" title="苏洵">苏洵</a>,母程氏。<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%97" title="宋仁宗">宋仁宗</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E7%A5%90" title="景祐">景祐</a>三年(1036年)十二月十九日(1037年1月8日)乙卯时,苏轼生於<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%89%E5%B7%9E" title="眉州">眉州</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%89%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="眉山">眉山</a>(今四川省眉山市)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。其父親將他命名“轼”,意为车前的扶手,取其默默无闻却扶危救困,不可或缺之意<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。苏轼有一個弟弟<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇轍">蘇轍</a>,小他兩歲(1039年出生),兩兄弟從小到大一起讀書遊玩,後來也同一年中進士。 </p><p>苏轼年幼时父亲出游在外,母亲将其养大,并教他读书,曾令其以<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E6%BB%82" title="范滂">范滂</a>为榜样<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。蘇軾生性放達,好交友<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。和其父苏洵、其弟苏辙并称“三苏”。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%B4%B5" title="苏洵">苏洵</a>修編<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E8%AD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="族譜">族譜</a>,自称是初唐<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="相國">相國</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%91%B3%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇味道">蘇味道</a>后裔<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。然而苏洵自己也承认苏味道的后人与自己的高祖之间世系不可考证,苏洵的高祖才是信史的上限。苏洵的寻根方法,在当时就有人不以为然。柳立言认为苏洵修撰族谱编写世系,将三百多年前的唐代宰相苏味道当做自己家族的始迁祖,是看中苏味道的知名度,苏洵编订族谱的目的是不问亲疏,团结<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%A7%93" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇姓">蘇姓</a>人士,争取共享政治和社会资源,以虚构始祖来<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%AE%97" title="聯宗">联宗</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="履历"><span id=".E5.B1.A5.E5.8E.86"></span>履历</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%86%E5%8E%86" class="mw-redirect" title="庆历">庆历</a>二年(1042年),苏轼入小学,拜道士<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A0%E6%98%93%E7%AE%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="张易简(页面不存在)">张易简</a>为师,当时居住在眉州一处叫纱縠行的地方。三年,苏轼入乡校,以<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E7%90%A6" title="韩琦">韩琦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E4%BB%B2%E6%B7%B9" title="范仲淹">范仲淹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%BC%BC" title="富弼">富弼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E9%98%B3%E4%BF%AE" title="欧阳修">欧阳修</a>等人为榜样、楷模。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%86%E5%8E%86" class="mw-redirect" title="庆历">庆历</a>五年,父亲苏洵因公在外,他的教育都由母亲程夫人负责。 </p><p>至和元年(1056年),娶妻王氏,为青神人王方之女。二年,前往成都游览,拜访了<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E6%96%B9%E5%B9%B3" title="張方平">張方平</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E7%A5%90" title="嘉祐">嘉祐</a>二年(1057年),蘇軾才20歲,與弟弟<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BE%99" title="苏辙">苏辙</a>一同進京參加會考,之後兩人皆中進士。當時蘇軾在禮部論試以一篇《刑賞忠厚之至論》的論文得到考官<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E5%A0%AF%E8%87%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="梅堯臣">梅堯臣</a>的青睞,且將該文推薦給主試官歐陽修,而歐陽修亦十分讚賞,原本欲拔擢為第一,但又怕該文為自己的門生<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E9%9E%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="曾鞏">曾鞏</a>所作,為了避嫌而列為第二,結果試卷拆封後才發現該文為蘇軾所作。而蘇軾再以《春秋》對義取為第一,之後在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%BF%E8%A9%A6" title="殿試">殿試</a>中乙科。<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>同年四月,苏轼母亲程氏去世,他不得不按礼法丁忧回乡。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>嘉佑四年(1059年),服丧完後的苏轼跟随父亲苏洵与弟弟苏辙一起沿着长江下溯,前往<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%86%E6%A5%9A" class="mw-disambig" title="荆楚">荆楚</a>之地。有《南行集》。五年,授河南府福昌县主簿,但苏轼并未就任。 </p><p>嘉佑六年(1061年),参加<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E4%B8%BE%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6#隋唐" title="中国科举制度">制科</a>考试,位列贤良方正、能直言极谏者第三等。当时韩琦说:“今岁制科,唯苏轼、苏辙最有声望。”授大理评事,除簽書<a href="/wiki/%E9%B3%B3%E7%BF%94%E5%BA%9C" title="鳳翔府">鳳翔</a>判官。十一月十九日,與蘇轍在鄭州西門外告別,當年十二月到任。當時鳳翔府主政者<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%B8%8C%E4%BA%AE" title="陳希亮">陳希亮</a>,與蘇軾個人關係極差,兩人互相看不起,但卻與希亮四子<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E6%85%A5" title="陳慥">陳慥</a>相得甚歡。 </p><p>治平二年(1065年),罷任鳳翔簽判,還朝直史館。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%BB%E5%B9%B3_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="治平 (北宋)">治平</a>三年(1066年),父<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%B4%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇洵">蘇洵</a>過世,蘇軾回<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%80%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="蜀地">蜀</a>守喪,英宗憐之,同意以官船載運蘇軾一家。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%99%E5%AF%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="熙寧">熙寧</a>二年(1069年),服阕(守喪完畢)任判官诰院兼祠部員外郎,反對<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="王安石變法">王安石變法</a>中对科举制度的改动,<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3" title="王安石">王安石</a>於是屢次在神宗面前詆毀蘇軾,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="司馬光">司馬光</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E9%8E%AE_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="范鎮 (北宋)">范鎮</a>舉薦蘇軾作<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%AB%E5%AE%98" class="mw-redirect" title="諫官">諫官</a>,王安石力反之,神宗想讓蘇軾寫<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B7%E5%B1%85%E6%B3%A8" title="起居注">起居注</a>,王安石向神宗進言,說蘇軾在回家守喪時,乘機販運<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%9C%A8_(%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9)" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇木 (植物)">蘇木</a>(一種染料),最後神宗放棄這個任命。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%99%E5%AF%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="熙寧">熙寧</a>三年,因為蘇軾一直反對王安石,王安石門下的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E5%8F%B2" title="御史">御史</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E6%99%AF%E6%BA%AB_(%E7%9A%87%E7%A5%90%E9%80%B2%E5%A3%AB)" title="謝景溫 (皇祐進士)">謝景溫</a>又誣陷蘇軾販賣<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E7%9B%90" class="mw-redirect" title="私盐">私鹽</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E9%8E%AE_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="范鎮 (北宋)">范鎮</a>極辯蘇軾販鹽之誣,並願意退休負責。 </p><p>熙宁三年(1070年),蘇軾擔任當年度<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="進士">進士</a>科舉的主考官,蘇軾本欲擬<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%AE%98%E5%9D%87" title="上官均">上官均</a>為第一名,但因其<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AD%96%E8%AB%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="策論(页面不存在)">策論</a>詆毀<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="王安石變法">王安石變法</a>,而被<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E6%83%A0%E5%8D%BF" title="呂惠卿">呂惠卿</a>改為第二。 </p><p>熙宁四年(1071年),蘇軾迁<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B8%B8%E5%AF%BA" title="太常寺">太常</a>博士摄開封推官,因不堪新黨的迫害,求外職,神宗本欲予以<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E5%B7%9E" title="知州">知州</a>,但王安石只願予之<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%8D%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="颍州">潁州</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E5%88%A4" title="通判">通判</a>,神宗最後折衷,讓蘇軾擔任相對較好的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="杭州">杭州</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E5%88%A4" title="通判">通判</a>。起先在熙寧三年,王安石的姻親<a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E6%99%AF%E6%BA%AB_(%E7%9A%87%E7%A5%90%E9%80%B2%E5%A3%AB)" title="謝景溫 (皇祐進士)">謝景溫</a>彈劾蘇軾居喪往返途中順道做買賣生意,但查無實證。滯留京城至熙寧四年夏末,神宗批示“改通判杭州”,遂經由陳州赴杭,十一月到任。神宗当时对司马光说:“苏轼非佳士,卿误识之。”司马光则不以为然,为苏轼做了辩解,而苏轼本人则迫于压力,并没有对此处置发表任何意见。初到杭州时,前任刺史<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E7%AB%8B_(%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D)" title="沈立 (宋朝)">沈立</a>尚未卸任,于是苏轼便受命监考,得闲二十余日,其间亦多有唱酬。 </p><p>熙宁五年,<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%A0%AF%E4%BD%90" title="陳堯佐">陳堯佐</a>之子<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E8%A5%84" title="陈襄">陈襄</a>接任杭州刺史。苏轼被派往湖州勘察堤坝情况,期间与湖州太守<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E8%A6%BA" title="孫覺">孙覺</a>相遇并作诗。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>熙寧六年(1073年)正月二十七日及八月,两度游览云泉山<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%8E%E6%B0%B4%E6%B4%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="风水洞(页面不存在)">风水洞</a>,作诗并留下题名,题名今存。冬,蘇軾沿運河往返於常州、潤州、蘇州、秀州之間,賑濟災民。官職不變。至熙寧七年夏回到杭州。過了幾個月接到詔命前往密州,九月二十日告别杭州道友,十月启程。 </p><p>熙宁八年除夕,苏轼在<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%87%E6%B1%9F%E5%B8%82" title="镇江市">润州</a>度过。 </p><p>熙宁十年受命知河中府,后改知徐州。二月与其弟苏辙会面,四月二十一日,到徐州。是年七月七日,<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E6%B2%B3" title="黄河">黄河</a>决口,水困<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="徐州">徐州</a>,苏轼参加救灾。 </p><p>元丰元年,改筑徐州外小城,立东门黄楼。苏轼作《黄楼赋》。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5%E5%B6%BA%E9%A1%8C%E5%88%BB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5%E5%B6%BA%E9%A1%8C%E5%88%BB.jpg/220px-%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5%E5%B6%BA%E9%A1%8C%E5%88%BB.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5%E5%B6%BA%E9%A1%8C%E5%88%BB.jpg/330px-%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5%E5%B6%BA%E9%A1%8C%E5%88%BB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5%E5%B6%BA%E9%A1%8C%E5%88%BB.jpg/440px-%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A5%E5%B6%BA%E9%A1%8C%E5%88%BB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>蘇軾在杭州大麥嶺留下的題名</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E4%B8%B0_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="元丰 (北宋)">元豐</a>二年(1079年)三月,移知<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="湖州">湖州</a>。四月二十九日,到湖州任。七月,监察御史何正臣、<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%92%E4%BA%B6" title="舒亶">舒亶</a>、谏议大夫李定、国子博士李宜之等上疏弹劾苏轼,说他谤讪朝政、愚弄朝廷、妄尊自大云云。二十八日,朝廷派遣中使皇甫遵至湖州将苏轼逮捕。八月十八日,下狱。十一月三十日结案。此次苏轼因<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E8%87%BA%E8%A9%A9%E6%A1%88" title="烏臺詩案">烏臺詩案</a>入獄,幾死,並寫文章向<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E5%BB%B7" title="朝廷">朝廷</a>訣別,<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BE%99" title="苏辙">苏辙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E6%96%B9%E5%B9%B3" title="張方平">张方平</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="章惇">章惇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E5%85%85" title="吳充">吴充</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3" title="王安石">王安石</a>、王安石之弟<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%A4%BC" title="王安礼">王安禮</a>等人出面力挽,尤其<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%88%E8%81%96%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="慈聖皇后">太皇太后曹氏</a>勸諫,神宗動心,蘇軾終免一死,貶謫為「檢校尚書、水部員外郎、黃州團練副使,本州安置,不得签书公事」,由御史台专人押送前往。苏辙也因为其兄求情而遭贬为监<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%A0%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D)" title="筠州 (唐朝)">筠州</a>盐酒务。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%89" title="司马光">司马光</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%BA%AD%E5%A0%85" title="黃庭堅">黃庭堅</a>、乃至王安石之弟<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%8A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="王安上(页面不存在)">王安上</a>皆罚铜二十斤。苏轼在黃州“深自闭塞,扁舟革履,放浪山水之间,与渔樵杂处”<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,與<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E6%87%B7%E6%B0%91" title="張懷民">張懷民</a>交游,也結交<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E9%96%80" class="mw-redirect" title="禪門">禪門</a>人士,當時<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%8D%B0_(%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D)" title="佛印 (宋朝)">佛印</a>擔任<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%90%E5%B1%B1" title="庐山">庐山</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%92%E5%AE%97%E5%AF%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="归宗寺(页面不存在)">归宗寺</a>住持,與蘇軾時有往來<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。有〈戏答佛印偈〉曰:“百千灯作一灯光,尽是<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%99" title="恆河沙">恒沙</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B" title="佛">妙法王</a>,是故东坡不敢借,借君四大作禅床。” </p><p>元丰四年,朋友<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%AD%A3%E5%8D%BF" class="mw-disambig" title="馬正卿">马正卿</a>为苏轼请到了黄州营地以东一块地,苏轼躬耕其中,命名为“东坡”,复于元丰五年营造雪堂,自号<b>东坡居士</b>。元豐五年(1082年),蘇軾先後兩次遊覽了黃州附近的赤壁,《<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E8%B5%8B" title="前赤壁赋">前赤壁賦</a>》寫於首次游覽黃州赤壁時。十月,作《<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E8%B5%8B" title="后赤壁赋">後赤壁賦</a>》。 </p><p>元丰七年(1084年)苏轼由黄州团练副使迁汝州团练副使,四月六日离开黃州,将雪堂留给当地人潘邠老,赴任<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9D%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" title="汝州 (古代)">汝州</a>团练。途经<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E6%B1%9F%E5%B8%82" title="九江市">江州</a>,游<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%90%E5%B1%B1" title="庐山">庐山</a>、石钟山,作《题西林壁》、《石钟山记》。经过筠州,留苏辙处十日。七月过<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%99%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="金陵">金陵</a>访<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3" title="王安石">王安石</a>,与叶志远唱和诗,八月上旬应<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="真州 (北宋)">真州</a>知州<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E9%99%9F" title="袁陟">袁陟</a>之邀,住真州州学20多天,九月初离开<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。苏轼在楞伽庵写经、品茶、题名“<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%B3%89" title="慧日泉">慧日泉</a>”<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>苏轼于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%97%E5%B7%9E" title="泗州">泗州</a>度过除夕,因没有继续旅行的盘缠而上书请求允许在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="常州市">常州</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E5%85%B4%E5%B8%82" title="宜兴市">宜兴县</a>居住,获得允许。八月十七日,得命知<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E5%B7%9E" title="登州">登州</a>,到任才五天,苏轼又被召为礼部郎官,上京后半月,除起居舍人,入侍延和殿。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>元丰八年(1085年),<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%93%B2%E5%AE%97" title="宋哲宗">宋哲宗</a>即位,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E4%BB%81%E5%9C%A3%E7%83%88%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="宣仁圣烈皇后">高太皇太后</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%82%E7%B0%BE%E8%81%BD%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="垂簾聽政">垂簾聽政</a>,任<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AE%E9%83%A8%E9%83%8E%E4%B8%AD" title="禮部郎中">礼部郎中</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B9%A6%E8%88%8D%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="中书舍人">中书舍人</a>。迁翰林学士、知制诰。<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%A5%90_(%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F)" title="元祐 (年號)">元祐</a>元年(1086年),司馬光去世,大臣們正舉行明堂祭拜大典,趕不及奠祭,儀式一完成,大臣們希望趕去弔喪,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E9%A0%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="程頤">程頤</a>卻攔住大家說:“子於是日,哭則不歌。豈可賀赦才了,即往弔喪?”大家覺得這不近人情,反駁說:“孔子言哭則不歌,即不言歌則不哭。”蘇軾則嘲笑程頤說:“此乃枉死市<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%94%E5%AD%AB%E9%80%9A" title="叔孫通">叔孫通</a>所制禮也。”兩人因此結怨<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>元祐二年,除翰林侍读。苏轼与程颐的关系进一步恶化,两人党徒互相攻讦。十一月,拜<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B7%E9%83%A8%E4%BE%8D%E9%83%8E" title="户部侍郎">户部侍郎</a>。三年,苏轼以翰林学士知贡举,负责取士。苏轼改革了宋代取士的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%A5%8F%E5%90%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="特奏名(页面不存在)">特奏名</a>制度,当时但凡是礼部特别上奏的都滥赐出身,苏轼和<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B2" title="孔文仲">孔文仲</a>以为不可,遂上《论特奏名人恩泽太滥劄子》。此后朝廷接纳其建议,设置了特奏名进士、诸科取士的限额及品阶。<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>元祐四年(1089年),苏轼出知<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="杭州">杭州</a>,与执政恩例(同<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%AF%E7%9B%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="副相(页面不存在)">副相</a>待遇)。到杭州之日,上表云:“江山故国,所至如归,父老遗民,与臣相问。” </p><p>元祐五年(1090),苏轼听取钱塘县尉许敦仁的建议开拓西湖,取淤泥作堤坝,在其上筑桥,是为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%A0%A4" title="苏堤">苏堤</a>。五月,拜御史中丞。 </p><p>元祐六年三月九日,罢杭州,召还朝,除翰林承旨,入侍迩英殿。八月,以<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E5%9C%96%E9%96%A3" title="龍圖閣">龙图阁</a>学士知<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%9C%E9%98%B3%E5%B8%82" title="阜阳市">颍州</a>。然而苏轼还朝后被<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%88%E6%98%93" title="賈易">贾易</a>等人借故弹劾,此事件即<a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%80%E6%B4%9B%E9%BB%A8%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="蜀洛黨爭">蜀洛党争</a>,之后苏轼出知颍州。苏轼曾道贾易为程颐之死党,因此“怨臣兄弟最深”、“易在必報”,<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E9%99%B6_(%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D)" title="呂陶 (宋朝)">呂陶</a>亦曾指出此段關係。由于宰相<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%82%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%B2" title="呂大防">呂大防</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%91%AF" title="劉摯">劉摯</a>和高太后都觉得贾易言过其实,“排击人太深,须与责降”。为了平息党争,高太后采用吕大防的建议,将苏轼与贾易都外放为地方官。 </p><p>元祐七年正月二十八日,移知扬州。九月召还朝,以<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B5%E9%83%A8%E5%B0%9A%E4%B9%A6" title="兵部尚书">兵部尚书</a>兼翰林侍读学士,至十一月,又除端明殿学士兼侍读。 </p><p>元祐八年,言官<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%84%E5%BA%86%E5%9F%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="黄庆基(页面不存在)">黄庆基</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%A3%E6%95%A6%E9%80%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="董敦逸(页面不存在)">董敦逸</a>弹劾苏轼。八九月间,苏轼出知定州。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8D%E5%9C%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="绍圣">绍圣</a>元年(1094年),<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E6%83%87" title="章惇">章惇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E7%84%98" title="安焘">安焘</a>执政,苏轼遭<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%A5%E4%B9%8B%E9%82%B5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="来之邵(页面不存在)">来之邵</a>弹劾,遂被哲宗貶謫至<a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="惠州">惠州</a>,十月三日,到贬所,住在僧舍中。 </p><p>绍圣二年三月,迁居<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%88%E6%B1%9F%E6%A5%BC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="合江楼(页面不存在)">合江亭</a>。 </p><p>绍圣三年,惠州修新桥,苏轼典卖了自己的腰带以资助建设。 </p><p>绍圣四年(1097年)二月十四日,营建白鹤峰新居。五月责授<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%8A%E5%B7%9E" title="瓊州">瓊州</a>别驾、<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E5%8C%96%E8%BB%8D" title="昌化軍">昌化軍</a>安置。至四月十七日,苏轼接到命令,遂贬<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%8B%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="儋州市">儋州</a>。沿途路經<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E9%87%91%E5%B1%B1_(%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81)" title="梁金山 (广东省)">梁金山</a>南麓,在此宿一晚後上渡船。当时苏辙也被贬谪至雷州,两兄弟恰好相遇于<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A4%E5%B7%9E" title="藤州">藤州</a>,便同行前往雷州半岛。六月十一日,苏轼告别弟弟,出航渡海。七月十三日,到儋州。初到时无地可住,苏轼就在官舍暂住。不久,当地人为他建了三间房屋,苏轼将其命名为桄榔庵。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%AC%A6" title="元符">元符</a>元年,苏轼在儋州,游天庆观。<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E5%A4%8D%E5%8F%A4" title="吴复古">吴子野</a>来访。<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E4%BA%AC" title="蔡京">蔡京</a>派遣<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%95%E5%8D%87%E5%8D%BF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="吕升卿(页面不存在)">吕升卿</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%A3%E5%BF%85&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="董必(页面不存在)">董必</a>等去岭南谋害苏轼兄弟,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E5%B8%83" title="曾布">曾布</a>向皇帝进言不可,救两人免于大难。 </p><p>元符二年,琼州进士姜唐佐来到苏轼处学习。 </p><p>元符三年(1100年),徙贬所于<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%89%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D)" class="mw-redirect" title="廉州 (唐朝)">廉州</a>,随即又任舒州节度副使、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="永州市">永州</a>居住。过广州、清远,到英州时,赐提举成都府玉局观,任便居住在外军州(即随意选择偏远州郡居住)。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%BE%BD%E5%AE%97" title="宋徽宗">宋徽宗</a>即位,<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%BD%E8%81%96%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="欽聖皇后">向太后</a>垂簾聽政,四月下詔讓蘇軾北還。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E4%B8%AD%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%BD" title="建中靖国">建中靖國</a>元年(1101年),苏轼获赦北归行经<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%89%E8%BB%8D" title="南安軍">南安军</a>。正月到<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%94%E5%B7%9E" title="虔州">虔州</a>,五月,第三次到<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="真州 (北宋)">真州</a>。夏天因冷飲過度,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E7%97%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="下痢">下痢</a>不止,又誤服<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E8%8A%AA" title="黄芪">黄芪</a>,結果病情惡化,“齿间出血如蚯蚓者无数”,由米芾安排住东园休养,又送<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E9%96%80%E5%86%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="麥門冬">麦门冬</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。七月二十八日于<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="常州">常州</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A4%E8%8A%B1%E6%97%A7%E9%A6%86" title="藤花旧馆">孙氏馆</a>病卒<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,享年六十四歲。由弟蘇轍歸葬於郟縣小峨眉山(汝州郏城县钓台乡上瑞里)。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B" title="南宋">南宋</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%AD%9D%E5%AE%97" title="宋孝宗">孝宗</a>追贈<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A5%E5%8F%B7" title="谥号">谥号</a>“文忠”。 </p><p>蘇軾疲於應付<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%88%8A%E9%BB%A8%E7%88%AD" title="新舊黨爭">新舊黨爭</a>,遇事“如食内有蝇,吐之乃已”<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,蘇軾既反对<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3" title="王安石">王安石</a>比较急进的<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%99%E5%AF%A7%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="熙寧變法">變法</a>作為,也不同意舊黨<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%89" title="司马光">司马光</a>尽废新法的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%A5%90%E6%9B%B4%E5%8C%96" title="元祐更化">守舊</a>之舉<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。儘管新黨一直稱蘇軾為舊黨而藉故追究,但實際上蘇軾亦和司馬光為首的舊黨時有衝突,導致他在新舊兩黨之間均受排斥,仕途坎坷,時常遠貶外方。不過他在各地居官清正,为民兴利除弊,政绩颇善,口碑甚佳,杭州<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B9%96" title="西湖">西湖</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%A0%A4" title="苏堤">苏堤</a>就是实证。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="性格"><span id=".E6.80.A7.E6.A0.BC"></span>性格</h2></div> <p>好美食,创造許多饮食精品<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,好品茗<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,亦雅好遊山林<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%BA%AD%E5%A0%85" title="黃庭堅">黃庭堅</a>稱他“真神仙中人”<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_statue_is_Su_Dongpo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/The_statue_is_Su_Dongpo.jpg/250px-The_statue_is_Su_Dongpo.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/The_statue_is_Su_Dongpo.jpg/375px-The_statue_is_Su_Dongpo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/The_statue_is_Su_Dongpo.jpg/500px-The_statue_is_Su_Dongpo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="714" data-file-height="751" /></a><figcaption>位於<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B2%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="雲林">雲林</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E5%B0%BE%E9%8E%AE" title="虎尾鎮">虎尾</a>的法持媽祖宮內的石雕園中雕像。</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="風格"><span id=".E9.A2.A8.E6.A0.BC"></span>風格</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Su_shi-calligraphy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Su_shi-calligraphy.jpg/200px-Su_shi-calligraphy.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="343" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Su_shi-calligraphy.jpg/300px-Su_shi-calligraphy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Su_shi-calligraphy.jpg/400px-Su_shi-calligraphy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1092" data-file-height="1873" /></a><figcaption>苏轼的书法作品《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96" title="寒食帖">寒食帖</a>》</figcaption></figure> <p>其文汪洋恣肆,明白暢達,曾自謂:“大略如行雲流水,初無定質,但行於所當行,常止於所不可不止,虽嬉笑怒骂之辞,皆可书而诵之。”<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>其詩清新豪健,善用誇張比喻。其体浑涵光芒,雄视百代,有文章以来,盖亦鲜矣。一时文人如<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%BA%AD%E5%9D%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="黄庭坚">黄庭坚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%81%E8%A1%A5%E4%B9%8B" title="晁补之">晁补之</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%A7%82" title="秦观">秦观</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E8%80%92" title="张耒">张耒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%B8%88%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="陈师道">陈师道</a>,举世未之识,轼待之如朋俦,未尝以师资自予也。<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>黃州詞,是蘇詞的奇觀;黃州文,則是蘇文的高峰;《<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E8%B5%8B" title="前赤壁赋">赤壁賦</a>》是其高峰之巔。<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%BA%AD%E5%9D%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="黄庭坚">黄庭坚</a>曾批评苏轼说:“东坡文章妙天下,其短处在好骂,慎勿袭其轨也”<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%88%E5%B2%A9%E8%82%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="陈岩肖(页面不存在)">陈岩肖</a>说:“坡为人慷慨疾恶,亦时见于诗,有古人规讽体”<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%B8%88%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="陈师道">陈师道</a>说:“苏诗始学<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%A6%B9%E9%94%A1" title="刘禹锡">刘禹锡</a>,故多怨刺,学不可不慎也”<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="詩風"><span id=".E8.A9.A9.E9.A2.A8"></span>詩風</h3></div> <p>苏轼工诗,与<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%BA%AD%E5%9D%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="黄庭坚">黄庭坚</a>合称“苏黄”。現存約二千七百多首<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,其詩內容廣闊,風格多樣,而以豪放為主。對後人影響最大的也是抒發人生感慨和歌詠自然景物的詩篇,表現出<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋</a>詩重理趣,好議論的特徵。〈飲湖上初晴後雨〉寫<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B9%96" title="西湖">西湖</a>之美:“水光瀲灩晴方好,山色空濛雨亦奇。欲把西湖比西子,淡妝濃抹總相宜。” </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E4%B8%B0_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="元丰 (北宋)">元豐</a>四年暮春三月,東坡寫下〈<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%9E%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E8%A9%A9%E5%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="黃州寒食詩帖">黃州寒食詩帖</a>〉。此帖為兩首五言古風,詩句沉鬱蒼勁,低回長歎,極富感染力。其书法不拘小節,字形章法佈局俱佳,頗有右軍遺意,唯用筆失之草率,在书法史上影响很大,二十世紀末更被譽為〈<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E4%BA%AD%E5%BA%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="兰亭序">蘭亭序</a>〉、〈<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%AD%E5%A7%AA%E5%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="祭姪帖">祭姪帖</a>〉之後的“天下第三行書”。<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%BA%AD%E5%A0%85" title="黃庭堅">黃庭堅</a>在此帖後題跋:“東坡此詩似<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="李太白">李太白</a>,猶恐太白有未到處。此書兼<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%8F%E9%AD%AF%E5%85%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="顏魯公">顏魯公</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E5%B0%91%E5%B8%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="楊少師">楊少師</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E8%A5%BF%E5%8F%B0" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="李西台">李西台</a>筆意,試使東坡復為之,未必及此。它日東坡或見此書,應笑我於無佛處稱尊也。”<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%BC%81" title="朱弁">朱弁</a>《曲洧舊聞》:「東坡文章至<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="黃州">黃州</a>以後,人莫能及,唯<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%AD%AF%E7%9B%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="黃魯直">黃魯直</a>詩時可以抗衡;晚年過海,則魯直亦瞠乎其後矣。」 </p><p>白稱詩仙,古體絕倫;杜詩律聖,拓宇七言;東坡晚出,各體皆能,無題不作,比配詩神。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="詞風"><span id=".E8.A9.9E.E9.A2.A8"></span>詞風</h3></div> <p>現存三百四十多首<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%BF%B5%E5%A5%B4%E5%A8%87%C2%B7%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E6%80%80%E5%8F%A4" class="extiw" title="s:念奴娇·赤壁怀古">念奴嬌·赤壁懷古</a>》、《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%B0%83%E6%AD%8C%E5%A4%B4_(%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC)" class="extiw" title="s:水调歌头 (苏轼)">水調歌頭·明月几时有</a>》、《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E9%A3%8E%E6%B3%A2%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%90%AC%E7%A9%BF%E6%9E%97%E6%89%93%E5%8F%B6%E5%A3%B0" class="extiw" title="s:定风波·莫听穿林打叶声">定風波</a>》傳誦甚廣。 </p><p>蘇軾擴大詞的內容,抒情寫景、說理懷古、感事等題材,無一不可入詞。蘇軾提高詞的意境,擴大和開拓詞境,提高格調,<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%AA%E6%94%BE%E8%A9%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="豪放詞">豪放詞</a>以外,也有清曠飄逸、空靈雋永、以至纏綿嫵媚之作。 </p><p>蘇軾詞風豪放(<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E7%B6%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="王國維">王國維</a>曰「東坡之詞曠」),將詞「詩化」,筆力雄健,個性鮮明,展現出作者曠達、爽朗的個性,多豪情壯語,意氣昂揚,感情奔放,想像豐富奇特。 </p><p>體裁和音律上,蘇軾不喜剪裁以就聲律,詞的文學生命重於音樂的生命。蘇詞作品往往有序,闡明詞的內容,或作詞的原委、時間、地點,事實分明。 </p><p>相传苏轼官翰林学士时,曾问幕下士:“我词何如柳七(<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B3%E6%B0%B8" title="柳永">柳永</a>)?”幕下士答曰:“柳郎中词只合十七八岁女郎,执红牙板,歌‘杨柳岸晓风残月’。学士词须关西大汉,铜琵琶、铁绰板,唱‘大江东去’。”<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>蘇軾的詞風被歸類在「豪放派」,所以與<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E9%82%A6%E5%BD%A6" title="周邦彦">周邦彥</a>的「格律派」大相逕庭。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B" title="南宋">南宋</a>時知名的詞人<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E6%A3%84%E7%96%BE" title="辛棄疾">辛棄疾</a>也是豪放派的詞人,後世將蘇東坡與辛棄疾並稱為<b>「蘇辛」</b>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="赋風"><span id=".E8.B5.8B.E9.A2.A8"></span>赋風</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E8%B5%8B" title="前赤壁赋">前赤壁赋</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E8%B5%8B" title="后赤壁赋">后赤壁赋</a>,洞庭春色賦,中山松醪賦。 </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:2108px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto;direction:rtl"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Su_Shi-Former_Ode_on_the_Red_Cliff.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="‪前赤壁賦,现藏于國立故宮博物院,尺寸23.9 × 258 cm‬"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Su_Shi-Former_Ode_on_the_Red_Cliff.jpg/2100px-Su_Shi-Former_Ode_on_the_Red_Cliff.jpg" decoding="async" width="2100" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Su_Shi-Former_Ode_on_the_Red_Cliff.jpg/3150px-Su_Shi-Former_Ode_on_the_Red_Cliff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Su_Shi-Former_Ode_on_the_Red_Cliff.jpg/4200px-Su_Shi-Former_Ode_on_the_Red_Cliff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6451" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Su_Shi-Former_Ode_on_the_Red_Cliff.jpg" title="File:Su Shi-Former Ode on the Red Cliff.jpg"> </a></div>前赤壁賦,现藏于<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E6%95%85%E5%AE%AE%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%99%A2" title="國立故宮博物院">國立故宮博物院</a>,尺寸23.9 × 258 cm</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="書風"><span id=".E6.9B.B8.E9.A2.A8"></span>書風</h3></div> <p>苏轼晚年用筆沉著,早期<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B8%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="書法">書法</a>代表作为〈治平帖〉,笔触精到,字态妩媚。中年代表作为〈黄州寒食诗帖〉。此诗帖系元丰五年(1082年)苏轼因为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%8F%B0%E8%AF%97%E6%A1%88" class="mw-redirect" title="乌台诗案">乌台诗案</a>遭贬<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="黄州">黄州</a>时所写诗两首。<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>诗句沉郁苍凉又不失旷达,书法用笔、墨色也随着诗句语境的变化而变化,跌宕起伏,气势不凡而又一气呵成,不拘小節,率意為之,二十世紀末被譽為“天下第三行书”。晚年代表作有行书〈洞庭春色赋〉、〈中山松醪赋〉等,此二赋以古雅胜,姿态百出而结构紧密,集中反映了苏轼<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A6%E6%B3%95" title="书法">书法</a>“结体短肥”的特点。其最晚的墨迹当是〈与谢民师论文帖〉(1100年)。 </p><p>其代表作有〈黄州寒食诗帖〉、〈天际乌云帖〉、〈洞庭春色赋〉、〈中山松醪赋〉、〈春帖子词〉、〈爱酒诗〉、〈寒食诗〉、〈蜀中诗〉、〈人来得书帖〉、〈答谢民师论文帖〉、〈江上帖〉、〈李白仙诗帖〉、〈次韵秦太虚诗帖〉、〈渡海帖〉、〈祭黄几道文卷〉、〈梅花诗帖〉、〈前赤壁赋〉、〈东武帖〉、〈北游帖〉、〈新岁展庆帖〉、〈宝月帖〉、〈令子帖〉、〈致南圭使君帖〉、〈次辩才韵诗〉、〈一夜帖〉、〈宸奎阁碑〉、〈致若虚总管尺牍〉、〈怀素自序〉等。苏轼的书法,后人赞誉颇高。最有发言权的莫过于黄庭坚,他在《山谷集》里说,“本朝善书者,自当推(苏)为第一”。 </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:3008px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto;direction:rtl"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="‪『黄州寒食詩帖跋』(黄庭堅書、左)、『黄州寒食詩帖』(蘇軾書、右) 紙本34.2×199.5cm,台北・國立故宮博物院藏。‬"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96.jpg/3000px-%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96.jpg" decoding="async" width="3000" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96.jpg/4500px-%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96.jpg/6000px-%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96.jpg 2x" data-file-width="38700" data-file-height="1997" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96.jpg" title="File:寒食帖.jpg"> </a></div>『黄州寒食詩帖跋』(<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%BA%AD%E5%A0%85" title="黃庭堅">黄庭堅</a>書、左)、『<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%9E%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E8%A9%A9%E5%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="黃州寒食詩帖">黄州寒食詩帖</a>』(蘇軾書、右) 紙本34.2×199.5cm,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E5%8C%97" class="mw-redirect" title="台北">台北</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E6%95%85%E5%AE%AE%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%99%A2" title="國立故宮博物院">國立故宮博物院</a>藏。</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="畫風"><span id=".E7.95.AB.E9.A2.A8"></span>畫風</h3></div> <p>能畫竹,學文同,也喜作枯木怪石。存世画迹有〈枯木怪石图(木石图)〉、〈潇湘竹石图〉等。 </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1008px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto;direction:rtl"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE_%E6%9C%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%96_%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B7.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="‪〈木石圖〉手卷,畫連題跋長26.3 x 185.5cm,私人收藏。‬"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE_%E6%9C%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%96_%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B7.jpg/1000px-%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE_%E6%9C%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%96_%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B7.jpg" decoding="async" width="1000" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE_%E6%9C%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%96_%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B7.jpg/1500px-%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE_%E6%9C%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%96_%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE_%E6%9C%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%96_%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B7.jpg/2000px-%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE_%E6%9C%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%96_%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5432" data-file-height="929" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE_%E6%9C%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%96_%E6%89%8B%E5%8D%B7.jpg" title="File:蘇軾 木石圖 手卷.jpg"> </a></div>〈木石圖〉手卷,畫連題跋長26.3 x 185.5cm,私人收藏。</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="著作"><span id=".E8.91.97.E4.BD.9C"></span>著作</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" 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title="四庫提要辨證">四库提要辨证</a>》云:“分类合编者,疑即始于居世英本,宋时所谓大全集者类用此例,”又云:“宋时所刊大全集者,乃麻沙书坊所刻。”<sup id="cite_ref-《东坡全集》版本考述_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-《东坡全集》版本考述-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%AD%90%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%AC" title="艾子雜説">艾子雜説</a>》據傳為蘇軾所撰。<sup id="cite_ref-孔凡礼1985_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-孔凡礼1985-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="家庭"><span id=".E5.AE.B6.E5.BA.AD"></span>家庭</h2></div> <table class="collapsible expanded" style="margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:60em; width:auto; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em; width:auto">苏轼家族 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <table class="skin-invert" style="border-spacing: 0px; color: inherit;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: 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serif;">&#160;</span></div></td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"><td><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="4" style="border:2px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);padding:0 0.2em;;background-color:#AFEEEE;"><b>外曾祖父:程仁霸</b></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="3"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"><td style="border-left: 1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-top: 1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"><td rowspan="6" style="border-left: 1px solid 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style="border-left: 1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black);"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14" style=""><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="14"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"><td style="border-left: 1px solid var(--color-emphasized, black); border-bottom: 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serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30" style=""><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30" style=""><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td><td rowspan="30"><div style="width: 0.5em; height: 0.5em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;">&#160;</span></div></td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>祖父: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%BA%8F" title="蘇序">蘇序</a></li></ul> <p>父親: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%B4%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇洵">蘇洵</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%AE%8B%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AE%B6" title="唐宋八大家">唐宋八大家</a>之一,曾作〈名二子說〉說明替兒子命名的來由。</li></ul> <p>母親: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="程夫人">程夫人</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%89%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="眉山">眉山</a>富豪<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A8%8B%E6%96%87%E6%87%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="程文應(页面不存在)">程文應</a>之女,程濬之妹,十八歲時嫁時年十九歲的蘇洵。婚後相夫教子、操持家務。蘇軾一生思想深受母親影響。</li></ul> <p>兄弟姐妹: <br />蘇洵與程氏共生有三男三女,然長子景先與三名女兒皆卒於程氏去世之前<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。雖然傳說的「蘇小妹三難新郎」故事中,蘇東坡有個嫁與<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%A7%80" class="mw-redirect" title="秦觀">秦觀</a>的妹妹,但根據考證,蘇東坡筆記著作中從未曾提到有妹妹,而且秦觀在二十九歲並且已經娶妻之後,才初遇蘇東坡,蘇小妹應為虛構人物。<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E6%99%AF%E5%85%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇景先(页面不存在)">蘇景先</a>,早卒</li> <li>蘇氏,蘇軾長姊,早卒</li> <li>蘇氏,蘇軾次姊,早卒</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E5%85%AB%E5%A8%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇八娘(页面不存在)">蘇八娘</a>(1035年—1052年),蘇軾三姊,十六歲嫁舅父<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A8%8B%E6%BF%AC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="程濬(页面不存在)">程濬</a>之子<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E4%B9%8B%E6%89%8D" title="程之才">程之才</a>,兩年後被夫家虐待至死<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清朝</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E6%9E%9A" title="袁枚">袁枚</a>《隨園詩話》誤作蘇軾之妹<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇轍">蘇轍</a>(1039年—1112年),蘇軾之弟,<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%AE%8B%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AE%B6" title="唐宋八大家">唐宋八大家</a>之一。</li></ul> <p>妻妾: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%BC%97" title="王弗">王弗</a>(1039年—1065年),蘇軾之妻,十六歲時與年方十九的蘇軾成婚,婚後二人恩愛甜蜜。結婚十一年(1050年—1061年)因病逝世,得年二十七。蘇軾四十歲時曾作《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%9F%8E%E5%AD%90_(%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE)/%E4%B9%99%E5%8D%AF%E6%AD%A3%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E6%97%A5%E5%A4%9C%E8%A8%98%E5%A4%A2" class="extiw" title="s:江城子 (蘇軾)/乙卯正月二十日夜記夢">江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜記夢</a>》悼念亡妻。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%96%8F%E4%B9%8B" title="王閏之">王闰之</a>(1048年—1093年),蘇軾之妻,王弗的堂妹,比苏轼小12岁,在堂姐王弗逝去三年後嫁給蘇軾,在苏轼58岁时逝世,享年四十六。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E9%9B%B2" title="王朝雲">王朝雲</a>(1063年—1096年),蘇軾之妾,原為<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%8C%E5%A6%93" class="mw-redirect" title="歌妓">歌妓</a>。三十八歲時的蘇軾贖十二歲的朝雲,後收為侍妾。陪伴蘇軾度過仕途不順的歲月。後卒於<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B9%E8%81%96" title="紹聖">紹聖</a>三年,享年三十四。</li></ul> <p>子女: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BF%88" title="苏迈">蘇邁</a>,妻王弗所生。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BF%A8" title="苏迨">蘇迨</a>,妻王闰之所生。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%81%8E" title="蘇過">蘇過</a>,妻王闰之所生。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E9%81%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇遁(页面不存在)">蘇遁</a>,妾王朝雲所生,未滿周歲而卒。</li></ul> <p>堂妹: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%8C%96%E7%B8%A3%E5%90%9B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="德化縣君(页面不存在)">蘇氏</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%B6%A3_(%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="苏涣 (宋朝)(页面不存在)">苏涣</a>四女,嫁<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%B3%E4%BB%B2%E9%81%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="柳仲遠(页面不存在)">柳仲遠</a>(字子文),封德化<a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%A3%E5%90%9B" title="縣君">县君</a>,袁枚《隨園詩話》指蘇軾有一妹嫁柳氏是把她誤作蘇軾親妹。</li></ul> <p>后人: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%B1%80%E4%BB%99" title="苏局仙">苏局仙</a>,苏轼的第28代孙,清末秀才,中华人民共和国人瑞。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E7%82%B3%E6%B7%BB" title="苏炳添">苏炳添</a>,苏轼的第29代孙,著名田径运动员。<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">&#91;來源請求&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="評價"><span id=".E8.A9.95.E5.83.B9"></span>評價</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="古代"><span id=".E5.8F.A4.E4.BB.A3"></span>古代</h3></div> <ul><li>张戒:“自汉魏以来,诗妙于子建,成于李、杜,而坏于苏、黄。”(《岁寒堂诗话》卷上)</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="宋史">宋史</a>》:“苏轼自为童子时,士有传石介《庆历圣德诗》至蜀中者,轼历举诗中所言韩、富、杜、范诸贤以问其师。师怪而语之,则曰:“正欲识是诸人耳。”盖已有颉颃当世贤哲之意。弱冠,父子兄弟至京师,一日而声名赫然,动于四方。既而登上第,擢词科,入掌书命,出典方州。器识之闳伟,议论之卓荦,文章之雄隽,政事之精明,四者皆能以特立之志为之主,而以迈往之气辅之。故意之所向,言足以达其有猷,行足以遂其有为。至于祸患之来,节义足以固其有守,皆志与气所为也。仁宗初读轼、辙制策,退而喜曰:“朕今日为子孙得两宰相矣。”神宗尤爱其文,宫中读之,膳进忘食,称为天下奇才。二君皆有以知轼,而轼卒不得大用。一欧阳修先识之,其名遂与之齐,岂非轼之所长不可掩抑者,天下之至公也,相不相有命焉,呜呼!轼不得相,又岂非幸欤?或谓:“轼稍自韬戢,虽不获柄用,亦当免祸。”虽然,假令轼以是而易其所为,尚得为轼哉?”<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%BB%81%E5%AE%97" title="宋仁宗">宋仁宗</a>:“吾今又为吾子孙得太平宰相两人。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="刘安世">刘安世</a>说:“东坡立朝大节极可观,才意高广,惟己之是信。”<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%BA%AD%E5%9D%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="黄庭坚">黄庭坚</a>:“人谓东坡作此文,因难以见巧,故极工。余则以为不然。彼其老于文章,故落笔皆超逸绝尘耳。”<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>、给苏轼的挽联说:“文章妙天下,忠义贯日月。”<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>、“真神仙中人。”<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BE%99" title="苏辙">苏辙</a>说苏轼:“其于人,见善称之,如恐不及;见不善斥之,如恐不尽;见义勇于敢为,而不顾其害。用此数困于世,然终不以为恨。”<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>在<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇軾">蘇軾</a>行跡所到之處都被民眾紀念,如<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%86%88" class="mw-redirect" title="黄冈">黄冈</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%AD%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="杭州">杭州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="海南島">海南島</a>等地區,都有蘇軾的祠廟。</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%81%E6%97%A0%E5%92%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="晁无咎">晁无咎</a>:“苏东坡词,人谓多不谐音律。然居士词横放杰出,自是曲子中缚不住者。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%9B%B4%E6%96%B9" title="王直方">王直方</a>:“东坡尝以所作小词示无咎、文潜,曰:‘何如少游?’二人皆对曰:‘少游诗似小词,先生小词似诗。’”<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-#1_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%81%BC_(%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D)" title="王灼 (宋朝)">王灼</a>:“东坡先生以文章馀事作诗,溢而作词曲,高处出神入天,平处尚临镜笑春,不顾侪辈。或曰:‘长短句中诗也。’为此论者,乃是遭柳永野狐涎之毒。诗与乐府同出,岂当分异?若从柳氏家法,正自不分异耳。东坡先生非心醉于音律者,偶尔作歌,指出向上一路,新天下耳目,弄笔者始知自振。今少年妄谓东坡移诗律作长短句,十有八九不学柳耆卿则学曹元宠,虽可笑,亦毋用笑也。”<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%AD%9D%E5%AE%97" title="宋孝宗">宋孝宗</a>:“忠言谠论,立朝大节,一时廷臣无出其右。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E9%AB%98%E5%AE%97" title="宋高宗">宋高宗</a>追贈其為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B8%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="太師">太師</a>,諡為“<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="文忠">文忠</a>”<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E6%B8%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="陆游">陆游</a>評蘇:“世言东坡不能歌,故所作东府词多不协。晁以道谓:绍圣初,与东坡别于汴上,东坡酒酣,自歌〈古阳关〉。则公非不能歌,但豪放不喜剪裁以就声律耳。试取东坡诸词歌之,曲终,觉天风海雨逼人。”<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>、“公不以一身祸福,易其忧国之心,千载之下,生气凛然。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%B4%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="陈洵">陈洵</a>:“东坡独崇气格,箴规柳、秦,词体之尊,自东坡始。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%90%E5%BA%A6_(%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="徐度 (宋朝)(页面不存在)">徐度</a>:“(柳永)词虽极工致,然多杂以鄙语,故流俗人尤喜道之。其后欧、苏诸公继出,文格一变,至为歌词,体制高雅。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%AF%85" title="胡寅">胡寅</a>:“词曲者,古乐府之末造也。文章豪放之士,鲜不寄意于此者,随亦自扫其迹,曰谑浪游戏而已也。唐人为之最工者。柳耆卿后出,掩众制而尽其妙。好之者以为不可复加。及眉山苏氏,一洗绮罗香泽之态,摆脱绸缪宛转之度,使人登高望远,举首高歌,而逸怀浩气,超然乎尘垢之外,于是花间为皂隶,而柳氏为舆台矣。”<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%8B%A5%E8%99%9B" title="王若虛">王若虚</a>:“是直以公为不及于情也。呜呼!风韵如东坡,而谓不及于情,可乎?彼高人逸士,正当如是。其溢为小词,而闲及于脂粉之间,所谓滑稽玩戏,聊复尔尔者也。若乃纤艳淫媟,入人骨髓,如田中行、柳耆卿辈,岂公之雅趣也哉?公雄文大手,乐府乃其游戏,顾岂于流俗争胜哉?盖其天资不凡,辞气迈往,故落笔皆绝尘耳。”<sup id="cite_ref-#1_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%BE%B0%E7%BF%81" title="刘辰翁">刘辰翁</a>:“词至东坡,倾荡磊落,如诗,如文,如天地奇观。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%A5%BD%E9%97%AE" title="元好问">元好问</a>:“唐歌词多宫体,又皆极力为之。自东坡一出,性情之外,不知有文字,真有“一洗万古凡马空”气象。虽时作宫体,亦岂可以宫体概之?人有言,乐府本不难作,从东坡放笔后便难作。此殆以工拙论,非知坡者。所以然者,诗三百所载小夫贱妇幽忧无聊赖之语,时猝为外物感触,满心而发,肆口而成者尔。其初果欲被管弦。谐金石,经圣人手,以与六经并传乎?小夫贱妇且然,而谓东坡翰墨游戏,乃求与前人角胜负,误矣。自今观之,东坡圣处,非有意于文字之为工,不得不然之为工也。坡以来,山谷、晁无咎、陈去非、辛幼安诸公,俱以歌词取称,吟咏性情,留连光景,清壮顿挫,能起人妙思。亦有语意拙直,不自缘饰,因病成妍者,皆自坡发之。”<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%A3%AB%E7%A5%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="王士祯">王士祯</a>:“山谷云:“东坡书挟海上风涛之气。”读坡词,当作如是观,琐琐与柳七较锱铢,无乃为髯公所笑?”<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>、“汉魏以来,二千余年间,以诗名其家者众矣。顾所号为仙才者,唯<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E5%AD%90%E5%BB%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="曹子建">曹子建</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%A4%AA%E7%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="李太白">李太白</a>、苏子瞻三人而已。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%A4%AB%E4%B9%8B" title="王夫之">王夫之</a>:“扬雄、关朗、王弼、何晏、韩愈、苏轼之徒,日猖狂于天下,而张子韶、陆子静、王伯安窃浮屠之邪见,以乱圣学。为其徒者,弗妨以其耽酒嗜色,渔利赖宠之身,荡闲蔑耻,而自矜妙悟焉。呜呼,求明之害,尤烈于不明,亦至此哉!”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E6%9E%9A" title="袁枚">袁枚</a>評蘇詩:“有才而無情,多趣而少韻:由於天分高,學力淺也。有起而無結,多剛而少柔:驗其知遇早晚景窮也。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%B5%8E" title="周济">周济</a>:“人赏东坡粗豪,吾赏东坡韶秀。韶秀是东坡佳处,粗豪则病也。东坡每事俱不十分用力,古文、书、画皆尔,词亦尔。”<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%86%99%E8%BD%BD" title="刘熙载">刘熙载</a>:“东坡词颇似老杜诗,以其无意不可入,无事不可言也。若其豪放之致,则时与太白为近。太白《忆秦娥》,声情悲壮。晚唐、五代,惟趋婉丽。至东坡始能复古。后世论词者,或转以东坡为变调,不知晚唐、五代乃变调也。东坡《定风波》云:‘尚余孤瘦雪霜姿。”《荷花媚》云:‘天然地,别是风流标格。’、‘雪霜姿’、‘风流标格’,学坡词者,便可从此领取。东坡词具神仙出世之姿,方外白玉蟾诸家,惜未诣此。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="近代(中晚清、民初)"><span id=".E8.BF.91.E4.BB.A3.28.E4.B8.AD.E6.99.9A.E6.B8.85.E3.80.81.E6.B0.91.E5.88.9D.29"></span>近代(中晚清、民初)</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E5%9B%BD%E8%97%A9" title="曾国藩">曾国藩</a>:“古人称立德、立功、立言为三不朽。立德最难,自周汉以后,罕见德传者。立功如萧、曹、房、杜、郭、李、韩、岳,立言如马、班、韩、欧、李、杜、苏、黄,古今曾有几人?”<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%94%A1%E5%B5%A9%E4%BA%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蔡嵩云(页面不存在)">蔡嵩云</a>:“东坡词,胸有万卷,笔无点尘。其阔大处,不在能作豪放语,而在其襟怀有涵盖一切气象。若徒袭其外貌,何异东施效颦。东坡小令,清丽纡徐,雅人深致,另辟一境。设非胸襟高旷,焉能有此吐属。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%AF%E9%B5%AC_(%E9%81%93%E5%85%89%E9%80%B2%E5%A3%AB)" title="湯鵬 (道光進士)">汤鹏</a>:“是故<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E6%83%A0%E7%8E%8B" title="燕惠王">燕惠王</a>有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%90%E6%AF%85" title="乐毅">乐毅</a>而不能用,<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9A%E6%80%80%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="楚怀王">楚怀王</a>有<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%88%E5%B9%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="屈平">屈平</a>而不能用,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%B9%E7%BE%BD" title="项羽">项羽</a>有<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E5%A2%9E" title="范增">范增</a>而不能用,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="汉文帝">汉文</a>有<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E8%B0%8A" title="贾谊">贾谊</a>而不能用,<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%BE%B7%E5%AE%97" title="唐德宗">唐德宗</a>有<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E8%B4%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="陆贽">陆贽</a>而不能用,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E7%A5%9E%E5%AE%97" title="宋神宗">宋神宗</a>有苏轼而不能用,此左右谮愬之罪也,此乾坤憾事也。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%B9%8F%E8%BF%90" class="mw-redirect" title="王鹏运">王鹏运</a>:“北宋人词,如潘逍遥之超逸,宋子京之华贵,欧阳文忠之骚雅,柳屯田之广博,晏小山之疏俊,秦太虚之婉约,张子野之流丽,黄文节之隽上,贺方回之醇肆,皆可模拟得其仿佛。唯苏文忠之清雄,夐乎轶尘绝世,令人无从步趋。盖霄壤相悬,宁止才华而已?其性情,其学问,其襟抱,举非恒流所能梦见。词家苏辛并称,其实辛犹人境也,苏其殆仙乎!”<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%9B%BE%E6%A4%8D" title="沈曾植">沈曾植</a>:“东坡以诗为词,如雷大使之舞,虽极天下之工,要非本色。”此后山谈丛语也。然考蔡绦铁围山丛谈,称:‘上皇在位,时属升平。手艺之人有称者,棋则有刘仲甫、晋士明,琴则有僧梵如、僧全雅,教坊琵琶则有刘继安,舞有雷中庆,世皆呼之为雷大使,笛则孟水清。此数人者,视前代之技皆过之。’然则雷大使乃教坊绝技,谓非本色,将外方乐乃为本色乎?”<sup id="cite_ref-#1_53-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#1-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%95%AC%E8%A7%82" title="夏敬观">夏敬观</a>:“东坡词如春花散空,不着迹象,使柳枝歌之,正如天风海涛之曲,中多幽咽怨断之音,此其上乘也。若夫激昂排宕、不可一世之概,陈无己所谓:‘如教坊雷大使之舞,虽极天下之工,要非本色。’乃其第二乘也。后之学苏者,惟能知第二乘,未有能达上乘者,即稼轩亦然。东坡《永遇乐》词云:‘紞如三鼓,铿然一叶,黯黯梦云惊断。夜茫茫,重寻无处,觉来小园行遍。’此数语,可作东坡自道圣处。”<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E5%A4%AA%E7%82%8E" title="章太炎">章太炎</a>:“轼也使人跌逷而无主,设两可之辩,仗无穷之辞,遁情以笑,谓道可见端,而不睹其尾,谓求学皆若解闭者,以不解解之也。”“淫文破典,軵靡者众”。<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%B4" title="王国维">王国维</a>:“以<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E8%AF%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="宋词">宋词</a>比<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E8%AF%97" title="唐诗">唐诗</a>,则东坡似太白,欧、秦似摩诘,耆卿似乐天,方回、叔原则大历十子之流。”<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="现代"><span id=".E7.8E.B0.E4.BB.A3"></span>现代</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A2%E7%A9%86" title="錢穆">錢穆</a>說:“蘇東坡詩之偉大,因他一輩子沒有在<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a>上得意過。他一生奔走潦倒,波瀾曲折都在詩裡見。但蘇東坡的<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="儒學">儒學</a>境界並不高,但在他處艱難的環境中,他的人格是偉大的,像他在<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="黃州">黃州</a>和後來在<a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="惠州">惠州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%8A%E5%B7%9E" title="瓊州">瓊州</a>的一段。那個時候詩都好,可是一安逸下來,就有些不行,詩境未免有時落俗套。東坡詩之長處,在有豪情,有逸趣。其恬靜不如<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%91%A9%E8%A9%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="王摩詰">王摩詰</a>,其忠懇不如<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%B7%A5%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="杜工部">杜工部</a>。”、“他們(蘇氏兄弟)的學術因罩上一層極厚的釋老的色采,所以他們對於世務,認為並沒有一種正面的、超出一切的理想標準。他們一面對世務卻相當練達,憑他們活的聰明來隨機應付。他們亦並不信有某一種制度,定比別一種制度好些。但他們的另一面,又愛好文章辭藻,所以他們持論,往往渲染過分,一說便說到盡量處。近於古代縱橫的策士。”<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E4%B8%9C%E6%A0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="方东树">方东树</a>《昭昧詹言》云:“东坡……自以真骨面目与天下相见,随意吐属,自然高妙。”</li></ul> <ul><li>1930年代,当<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%AF%AD%E5%A0%82" title="林语堂">林语堂</a>尚在海外飘零之时,身边却时时携带笨重的苏轼文集,后来写下文词优美、脍炙人口<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83946278"><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">&#91;來源請求&#93;</span></a></sup>的《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E4%BC%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="苏东坡传(页面不存在)">苏东坡传</a>》。当他在《苏东坡传》中提到为其作传的理由时,说:“像苏东坡这样富有创造力,这样守正不阿,这样放任不羁,这样令人万分倾倒而又望尘莫及的高士,有他的作品摆在书架上,就令人觉得有了丰富的精神食粮。现在我能专心致力写他这本传记,自然是一大乐事,此外还需要什么别的理由吗?”<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>这正切中林语堂自己的赞叹:“苏东坡自有其迷人魔力。”、“苏东坡是一个无可救药的乐天派、一个伟大的人道主义者、一个百姓的朋友、一个大文豪、大书法家、创新的画家、造酒试验家、一个工程师、一个憎恨清教徒主义的人、一位瑜伽修行者佛教徒、巨儒政治家、一个皇帝的秘书、酒仙、厚道的法官、一位在政治上专唱反调的人。一个月夜徘徊者、一个诗人、一个小丑。但是这还不足以道出苏东坡的全部……苏东坡比中国其他的诗人更具有多面性天才的丰富感、变化感和幽默感,智能优异,心灵却像天真的小孩——这种混合等于耶稣所谓蛇的智慧加上鸽子的温文。”</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B0%B4%E7%85%A7" title="王水照">王水照</a>认为苏轼文学作品的数量之巨为北宋著名作家之冠,质量之优则为北宋“文学最高成就的杰出代表”。<sup id="cite_ref-王水照_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-王水照-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>2000年,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A0%B1_(%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="世界報 (法國)">世界报</a>》認為蘇東坡的從政生涯與他的琴棋書畫一樣,都是人類的文化瑰寶,並且在專欄“千年人物”中,評選蘇軾為唯一一位入選的中國人(共12位)<sup id="cite_ref-衣若芬_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-衣若芬-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>2017/08/13,法國《世界報》副主編<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Pierre_Langellier&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Pierre Langellier(页面不存在)">Jean-Pierre Langellier</a>在第八屆<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%AF%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇東坡文化節(页面不存在)">蘇東坡文化節</a>的演講時,盛讚蘇東坡的天才與人道精神。<sup id="cite_ref-衣若芬_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-衣若芬-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注本"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E6.9C.AC"></span>注本</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Su_Shi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Su_Shi.jpg/220px-Su_Shi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Su_Shi.jpg/330px-Su_Shi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Su_Shi.jpg/440px-Su_Shi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1131" data-file-height="1454" /></a><figcaption>蘇軾像,載於《晩笑堂竹莊畫傳》</figcaption></figure> <p>从宋代开始,苏轼作品的注本不断出现,例如: </p> <ul><li>诗注 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E6%85%8E%E8%A1%8C" title="查慎行">查慎行</a>的《补注东坡编年诗》。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E5%BA%94%E6%A6%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="冯应榴">冯应榴</a>的《苏文忠诗合注》。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%96%87%E8%AF%B0" title="王文诰">王文诰</a>的《苏文忠公诗编注集成》。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%87%A1%E7%A6%AE" title="孔凡禮">孔凡礼</a>点校的《苏轼诗集》,中华书局1982年出版。</li></ul></li> <li>文注 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B" title="南宋">南宋</a>邱晔编注的选本《经进东坡文集事略》。</li> <li>明末<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%85%E7%BB%B4" title="茅维">茅维</a>的《东坡先生全集》。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%87%A1%E7%A6%AE" title="孔凡禮">孔凡礼</a>点校的《苏轼文集》,中华书局1986年出版。</li></ul></li> <li>词注 <ul><li>近人<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%A5%96%E8%B0%8B" title="朱祖谋">朱祖谋</a>的编年本《东坡乐府》。</li> <li>今人<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%99%E6%A6%86%E7%94%9F" title="龙榆生">龙榆生</a>的《东坡乐府笺》。</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="軼聞"><span id=".E8.BB.BC.E8.81.9E"></span>軼聞</h2></div> <ul><li>關於〈刑賞忠厚之至論〉中的內容:“<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%8B%E9%99%B6" title="皋陶">皋陶</a>曰殺之三,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="堯">堯</a>曰宥之三”,當時考官皆不知其典故,歐陽脩問蘇軾出於何典。蘇軾回答在《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%BF%97" title="三國志">三國志</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E8%9E%8D" title="孔融">孔融</a>傳》中。歐陽脩翻查後仍找不到,蘇軾答:“<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E6%93%8D" title="曹操">曹操</a>滅<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E7%B4%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="袁紹">袁紹</a>,以紹子<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E7%86%99" title="袁熙">袁熙</a>妻<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%84%E5%AE%93" class="mw-redirect" title="甄宓">甄宓</a>賜子<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E4%B8%95" title="曹丕">曹丕</a>。孔融云:‘即<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%A6%E7%8E%8B" title="周武王">周武王</a>伐紂以<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%B2%E5%B7%B1" title="妲己">妲己</a>賜<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%85%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="周公">周公</a>’。操驚,問出於何典,融答:‘以今度之,想當然耳’。”歐陽脩聽畢恍然大悟。<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%93%B2%E5%AE%97" title="宋哲宗">宋哲宗</a>绍圣元年(1094年),苏轼在被贬往惠州途中经过<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%8E%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="东莞">东莞</a>,夜宿资福寺(今莞城中心小学),方丈僧祖堂和莞人夏侯生陪同他在当地出游,结下缘分。苏轼在惠州的四年间曾经乘船来往资福寺和觉华寺之间,听说靖康海市蜃楼奇绝,往观却不得见。祖堂说:“此灵变也,公善文,祭之当见。”苏轼于是作长短诗焚之,歌咏间即成楼台人马之形,络绎不绝,于是又作诗记念,赠予夏侯生。苏轼还用自己至爱的犀带换取佛脑舍利,供奉在资福寺内。元符三年(1100年)苏轼写下《罗汉阁记》<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>、《舍利铭》<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>、《老柏再生赞》<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>等文记念此事。<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>苏轼捐赠的舍利在1277年元将张弘范攻陷东莞后被夺走,送至大都。后在明代重修资福寺时送回原址,至今依然保存在清代原址重建的<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A%E7%BB%8F%E4%BA%91%E7%9F%B3%E5%A1%94" title="金刚经云石塔">金刚经云石塔</a>内。</li></ul> <ul><li>有一次國家忌日,眾大臣到<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%9B%B8%E5%9B%BD%E5%AF%BA" title="大相国寺">大相国寺</a>禱佛,程頤要求食素,蘇軾責問說:“正叔(程頤<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%AD%97" title="表字">表字</a>),你不是不喜好<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>嗎?為甚麼要喫素食?”程頤說:“禮法:守喪不可飲酒喫肉;忌日,是喪事的延續。”蘇軾唱反調:“支持劉家的人露出左臂來罷!”(用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="史記">史記</a>典故,蘇軾自比為<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="漢朝">漢朝</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B0%89" title="太尉">太尉</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E5%8B%83" title="周勃">周勃</a>,把程頤比為<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B8%E5%90%95%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="诸吕之乱">呂氏亂黨</a>,要求大家支持他。)<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E6%B7%B3%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="范淳夫">范淳夫</a>等人喫素食,而<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E8%A7%80" class="mw-redirect" title="秦觀">秦觀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%BA%AD%E5%A0%85" title="黃庭堅">黃庭堅</a>等則喫肉。<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>苏轼很早接触<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,一生与禅师交游颇广,在黃州時常與金山寺主持佛印禅师来往,一日蘇軾做一首诗偈“稽首天中天,毫光照大千,八风吹不动,端坐紫金莲”呈给佛印。禅师即批“放屁”二字,嘱书童携回。东坡見後大怒,立即过江责问禅师,禅师大笑:“学士,学士,您不是‘八风吹不动’了吗,怎又一‘屁’就打过了江?”<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>苏轼无论<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="诗">诗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%9E_(%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="詞 (文學)">词</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87" class="mw-disambig" title="文">文</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%8B" title="赋">赋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%97" class="mw-disambig" title="字">字</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="画">画</a>,样样精到,常被认为乃是先人托化所致。<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="广州">广州</a>西郊<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E9%97%A8_(%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E)" title="石门 (广州)">石门</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B5%E9%9A%90%E5%B1%B1" title="灵隐山">灵隐山</a>上有<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%9D%E9%99%80%E9%99%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="宝陀院(页面不存在)">宝陀院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%99%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%B0" title="妙高台">妙高台</a>,院住持德云和尚临终时,留信说三十年后他的忌日,当有贵人来访,可将遗书递上。到了<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%AC%A6" title="元符">元符</a>三年(1100年)十月,德云和尚三十周年忌日,苏轼正好游览来到宝陀院,觉得一切都很熟悉,阅毕住持遗书,有感而发题诗「宝陀山上宝陀院,白发东坡喜再来。前世德云今是我,依稀尤见妙高台。」于<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%99%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%B0" title="妙高台">妙高台</a>壁上<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。學者<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A3%E8%8B%A5%E8%8A%AC" title="衣若芬">衣若芬</a>認為此「德云和尚」說是清代研究者的誤解<sup id="cite_ref-ILoFen_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ILoFen-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <ul><li>蘇軾本人是個<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E9%A3%9F%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-disambig" title="美食家">美食家</a>,性喜酒肉,肉中尤以豬肉為最愛,按<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E7%B4%AB%E8%8A%9D" title="周紫芝">周紫芝</a>《竹坡詩話》:“東坡性喜食豬”。還有傳說<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E8%82%89" class="mw-redirect" title="東坡肉">東坡肉</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E9%85%92&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="東坡酒(页面不存在)">東坡酒</a>相傳均為蘇軾發明<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。《曲洧舊聞》又記:蘇東坡與客論食次,取紙一幅以示客云:“爛蒸同州羊羔,灌以杏酪香梗,荐以蒸子鵝,吳興庖人斫松江鱠;既飽,以廬山玉簾泉,烹曾坑鬥品茶。少焉解衣仰臥,使人誦東坡先生〈赤壁前後賦〉,亦足以一笑也。”</li></ul> <ul><li>蘇軾在〈與鞠持正書〉中寫下:「文登雖稍遠,百事可樂。島中出一藥,名曰:『石芝』者,香味初嚼茶,久之甚美,聞甚益人!」。文中<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%AF%E6%A8%82" title="百事可樂">百事可樂</a>意指凡事皆有樂趣,成為英語pepsi cola的中文音譯。<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>蘇軾年少時,本已登<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="進士">進士</a>,卻貪心不滿足止於此,於是又去應考<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%B6%E7%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="制科">制科</a>試,科號為賢良方正能直言極諫,成績甚優,以為就此真的可以對<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E5%AE%B6_(%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E7%A8%B1%E8%AC%82)" title="官家 (皇帝稱謂)">官家</a>直言極諫,殊不知差點把自己給諫沒了。便在與<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E4%B9%8B%E4%BB%AA" title="李之仪">李之儀</a>的回信中,自嘲自己是靠著一張嘴當官的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%95%AC_(%E8%A5%BF%E6%BC%A2)" title="劉敬 (西漢)">劉敬</a><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <ul><li>蘇軾對十二星座很有研究。蘇軾讀<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%84%88" class="mw-redirect" title="韓愈">韓愈</a>《三星行》詩「我生之辰,月宿南斗」,表示自己和唐朝的韓愈都是<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%BE%AF%E5%BA%A7" title="摩羯座">摩羯座</a>(當時稱「磨蝎」),一生多遭口舌誹謗,簡直同病相憐,命途多舛<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。他認為自己命中的好好壞壞,和身為摩羯座是有關係的。</li></ul> <dl><dd>按唐宋時的占星學,二十八宿的斗宿正好對應黃道十二宮的摩羯宮,月亮所在的星宮為身宮(相當於月亮星座),可知韓愈的身宮正是摩羯。而蘇軾則是以摩羯為命宮,「僕乃以磨蝎為命,平生多得謗譽,殆是同病也」<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</dd> <dd>蘇軾對星座的感嘆,讓後世掀起一股「摩羯情節」。南宋<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E5%A4%A7%E7%90%AE" title="方大琮">方大琮</a>寫信給朋友說:「惟磨蝎所蒞之宮,有子卯相刑之說,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%84%88" class="mw-redirect" title="韓愈">昌黎</a>值之而掇謗,<b>坡老</b>遇此以招讒。而況晩生,敢攀前哲?」南宋理宗時期的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9F%E5%B7%98" title="牟巘">牟巘</a>致友人的書信:「生磨蝎之宮,人皆憐於奇分。」<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8E%E7%9F%B3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="于石(页面不存在)">于石</a>寫詩:「顧予命亦坐磨蝎,碌碌浪隨二公後」元代<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%B9%E5%BB%B7%E9%AB%98&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="尹廷高(页面不存在)">尹廷高</a>〈挽尹晓山〉「清苦一生磨蝎命,凄凉千古耒阳坟。」<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E6%B1%B8" title="趙汸">趙汸</a>「謾灼膏肓驅二豎,懶從磨蝎問三星。」明代<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E8%90%B1" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="張萱">張萱</a>「磨蝎誰憐留瘴海,痴仙只合在人間。」清代<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E7%BF%BC" title="趙翼">趙翼</a>「書生不過稻粱謀,磨蝎身偏願莫酬。」<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%9D%87" title="黄均">黃均</a>「漸知世運多摩羯,頗覺胸懷貯古春。」<a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E6%9E%9A" title="袁枚">袁枚</a>:「莫嘆遭逢磨蠍重,世間風浪幾曾平。」<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E5%9C%8B%E8%97%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="曾國藩">曾國藩</a>:「諸君運命頗磨蠍,可憐顛頓愁眉腮。」</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關美食菜肴"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E7.BE.8E.E9.A3.9F.E8.8F.9C.E8.82.B4"></span>相關美食菜肴</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E8%82%89" title="东坡肉">东坡肉</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E8%82%98%E5%AD%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡肘子(页面不存在)">东坡肘子</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E8%85%BF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡腿(页面不存在)">东坡腿</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E9%B1%BC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡鱼(页面不存在)">东坡鱼</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡豆腐(页面不存在)">东坡豆腐</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E9%A5%BC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡饼(页面不存在)">东坡饼</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E7%BE%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡羹(页面不存在)">东坡羹</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E7%8B%97%E8%82%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡狗肉(页面不存在)">东坡狗肉</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E7%BE%8A%E9%AA%A8%E6%B1%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡羊骨汤(页面不存在)">东坡羊骨汤</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E6%B2%B3%E8%B1%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡河豚(页面不存在)">东坡河豚</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E8%99%BE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡虾(页面不存在)">东坡虾</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E8%9F%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡蟹(页面不存在)">东坡蟹</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E7%AC%8B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡笋(页面不存在)">东坡笋</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E7%94%B0%E8%97%95&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="东坡田藕(页面不存在)">东坡田藕</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%89%E6%89%8D" title="文人三才">文人三才</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F145588&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="小行星145588(页面不存在)">小行星145588</a>,由<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B6%E6%B3%89%E5%BF%97" title="叶泉志">葉泉志</a>發現的小行星,以「蘇東坡」命名。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="影視形象"><span id=".E5.BD.B1.E8.A6.96.E5.BD.A2.E8.B1.A1"></span>影視形象</h3></div> <table class="wikitable" width="60%" border="1"> <tbody><tr style="background: cornflowerblue; color: white;" align="center"> <td style="width: 15%;"><b>演員</b></td> <td style="width: 35%;"><b>作品</b></td> <td style="width: 10%;">年份</td> <td style="width: 10%;">类型 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E5%9B%BD%E5%BC%BA" title="唐国强">唐国强</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B5%92%E4%BC%A0_(1998%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7)" title="水浒传 (1998年电视剧)">水浒传</a></td> <td>1998</td> <td>電視劇 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E9%A7%BF%E5%82%91" title="魏駿傑">魏駿傑</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%81%E8%A0%BB%E5%AC%8C%E5%A6%BB%E8%98%87%E5%B0%8F%E5%A6%B9" title="刁蠻嬌妻蘇小妹">刁蠻嬌妻蘇小妹</a></td> <td>2010</td> <td>電視劇 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B8%E6%AF%85" class="mw-redirect" title="陸毅">陸毅</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1_(2012%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%89%A7)" title="苏东坡 (2012年电视剧)">蘇東坡</a></td> <td>2012</td> <td>電視劇 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E9%99%BD%E9%9C%87%E8%8F%AF" title="歐陽震華">歐陽震華</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E5%AE%B6%E4%BA%8B" title="東坡家事">東坡家事</a></td> <td>2015</td> <td>電視劇 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E5%89%87%E4%BB%95" title="鄭則仕">鄭則仕</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%A8%E6%B5%81%E6%89%8D%E5%AD%90%E8%98%87%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="風流才子蘇東坡(页面不存在)">風流才子蘇東坡</a></td> <td>2001</td> <td>電視劇 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="紀錄片"><span id=".E7.B4.80.E9.8C.84.E7.89.87"></span>紀錄片</h3></div> <p>《蘇東坡》,該片為中國央視所拍攝紀錄片,2017入選中國優秀國產紀錄片。<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">苏子瞻责黄州,居州之东坡,作雪堂,自号东坡居士,后人遂目子瞻为东坡。宋.朱彧《<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%8D%E6%B4%B2%E5%8F%AF%E8%B0%88" class="mw-redirect" title="萍洲可谈">萍洲可谈</a>》127页,中华书局</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%81%E8%AA%AA%E4%B9%8B" title="晁說之">晁说之</a>《跋鲁直尝新柑帖》云:“元祐末有‘苏黄’之称。”(《嵩山文集》卷十八)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E7%BF%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="赵翼">赵翼</a>《瓯北诗话》卷六稱:“宋诗以苏陆为两大家”。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">一说“蔡”本指<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E4%BA%AC" title="蔡京">蔡京</a>,后来因为蔡京人品不佳,被换成<a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E8%A5%84" title="蔡襄">蔡襄</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%99%8B" title="毛晋">毛晋</a>《苏米志林·是中何物》提到:“东坡一日退堂,食罢,扪腹徐行,顾谓侍儿曰:‘汝辈道我腹中何物?’一婢曰:‘都是文章。’坡不以为然。又一人曰:‘满腹都是机械。’坡亦未以为当。至朝云,乃曰:‘学士一肚皮不合时宜。’坡捧腹大笑。”此事又見<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%B9%E8%87%A3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="曹臣(页面不存在)">曹臣</a>編《舌華錄》。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%96%8B%E5%A4%9C%E8%AF%9D" title="冷斋夜话">冷齋夜話</a>》卷七“夢迎五祖戒禪師”引東坡語:“先妣方孕時夢一僧來托宿,記其頎然而眇一目。”<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E7%AB%AF%E4%B9%89" title="张端义">张端义</a>《贵耳集》卷上:“蜀有彭老山,东坡生则童,东坡死复青。”金人<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%A5%81" title="刘祁">刘祁</a>《归潜志》卷九则云:“昔东坡生,一夕眉山草木尽死。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">苏洵《名二子》:“轮、辐、盖、轸,皆有职乎车。而轼独若无所为者。虽然,去轼,则吾未见其为完车也。轼乎,吾惧汝之不外饰也。天下之车莫不由辙,而言车之功,辙不与焉。虽然,车仆马毙,而患亦不及辙。是辙者,善处乎祸福之间也。辙乎,吾知免也矣!”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋史·苏轼传》:“苏轼,字子瞻,眉州眉山人。生十年,父洵游学四方,母程氏亲授以书。程氏读东汉《范滂传》,慨然太息,轼请曰:“轼若为滂,母许之否乎?”程氏曰:“汝能为滂,吾顾不能为滂母邪?”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《东坡事类》记载:“苏子瞻泛爱天下,士无贤不肖,欢如也。尝自言上可陪玉皇大帝,下可陪田院乞儿。子由晦默,少许可,尝诫子瞻择交,子瞻曰:‘吾眼前天下无一个不好的人。’”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.people.com.cn/n/2014/0910/c389013-25636289.html">苏轼:笔秃千管,墨磨万锭</a>. 人民网-文史频道. 2014-09-10 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2017-10-03</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200313164954/http://history.people.com.cn/n/2014/0910/c389013-25636289.html">存档</a>于2020-03-13).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC&amp;rft.btitle=%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC%EF%BC%9A%E7%AC%94%E7%A7%83%E5%8D%83%E7%AE%A1%EF%BC%8C%E5%A2%A8%E7%A3%A8%E4%B8%87%E9%94%AD&amp;rft.date=2014-09-10&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E7%BD%91-%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B2%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistory.people.com.cn%2Fn%2F2014%2F0910%2Fc389013-25636289.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREF2014" class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-BJLT200511002023.htm">《宋代墓志铭的虚与实及其反映的历史变化:苏轼乳母任采莲墓志铭探微》</a>, 《北京论坛(2005)文明的和谐与共同繁荣——全球化视野中亚洲的机遇与发展:“历史变化:实际的、被表现的和想象的”历史分论坛论文或摘要集(上)》2005年)》, 2014年: 47–50 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2017-10-06</span>&#93;</span>, (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210410195010/http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-BJLT200511002023.htm">存档</a>于2021-04-10)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC&amp;rft.atitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%AE%8B%E4%BB%A3%E5%A2%93%E5%BF%97%E9%93%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%99%9A%E4%B8%8E%E5%AE%9E%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E5%8F%8D%E6%98%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%EF%BC%9A%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC%E4%B9%B3%E6%AF%8D%E4%BB%BB%E9%87%87%E8%8E%B2%E5%A2%93%E5%BF%97%E9%93%AD%E6%8E%A2%E5%BE%AE%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E8%AE%BA%E5%9D%9B%EF%BC%882005%EF%BC%89%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%92%8C%E8%B0%90%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E7%B9%81%E8%8D%A3%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E8%A7%86%E9%87%8E%E4%B8%AD%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%BA%E9%81%87%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%EF%BC%9A%E2%80%9C%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%EF%BC%9A%E5%AE%9E%E9%99%85%E7%9A%84%E3%80%81%E8%A2%AB%E8%A1%A8%E7%8E%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%92%8C%E6%83%B3%E8%B1%A1%E7%9A%84%E2%80%9D%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%88%86%E8%AE%BA%E5%9D%9B%E8%AE%BA%E6%96%87%E6%88%96%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81%E9%9B%86%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%8A%EF%BC%89%E3%80%8B2005%E5%B9%B4%29%E3%80%8B&amp;rft.pages=47-50&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcpfd.cnki.com.cn%2FArticle%2FCPFDTOTAL-BJLT200511002023.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-0"><sup><b>12.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-1"><sup><b>12.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-2"><sup><b>12.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-3"><sup><b>12.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-4"><sup><b>12.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-5"><sup><b>12.5</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-6"><sup><b>12.6</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-7"><sup><b>12.7</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-8"><sup><b>12.8</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">黄, 任轲 (编). 蘇軾詩集合注. 上海: 上海古籍出版社. 2001. 王宗稷编苏文忠公年谱(傅深纪年录全附). <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787532526512" title="Special:网络书源/9787532526512"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787532526512</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC&amp;rft.aufirst=%E4%BB%BB%E8%BD%B2&amp;rft.aulast=%E9%BB%84&amp;rft.btitle=%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88%E6%B3%A8&amp;rft.date=2001&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787532526512&amp;rft.pages=%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%97%E7%A8%B7%E7%BC%96%E8%8B%8F%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0%E5%85%AC%E5%B9%B4%E8%B0%B1%EF%BC%88%E5%82%85%E6%B7%B1%E7%BA%AA%E5%B9%B4%E5%BD%95%E5%85%A8%E9%99%84%EF%BC%89&amp;rft.place=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A4%E7%B1%8D%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋史·列傳第九十七》(卷三百三十八):「嘉祐二年,試禮部。方時文磔裂詭異之弊勝,主司歐陽脩思有以救之,得軾《刑賞忠厚論》,驚喜,欲擢冠多士,猶疑其客曾鞏所爲,但置第二;復以《春秋》對義居第一,殿試中乙科。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《答李端叔书》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《东坡续集》卷六收錄有雙方的九封書信集。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">孔凡礼《苏轼年谱》:“八月十四日,离金陵,王益柔(胜之)同行,过长芦,赴真州。至真州,州守袁陟(世弼)以学舍为苏轼居。先是轼在金陵,陟多柬劳问,至是始见。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">帅国华《真州史话》:《苏东坡三到真州》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《皇宋治跡統類》:“明堂降赦,臣僚稱賀訖,兩省官欲往奠司馬光。程頤言:‘子於是日,哭則不歌。豈可賀赦才了,即往弔喪?’坐客有難之曰:‘孔子言哭則不歌,即不言歌則不哭。’蘇軾遂戲程曰:‘此乃枉死市叔孫通所制禮也。’眾皆大笑。結怨之端,蓋自此始。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">何, 忠礼. 宋史选举志补正(修订本). 北京: 中华书局. 2013: 52–53. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787101091175" title="Special:网络书源/9787101091175"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;9787101091175</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC&amp;rft.aufirst=%E5%BF%A0%E7%A4%BC&amp;rft.aulast=%E4%BD%95&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2%E9%80%89%E4%B8%BE%E5%BF%97%E8%A1%A5%E6%AD%A3%EF%BC%88%E4%BF%AE%E8%AE%A2%E6%9C%AC%EF%BC%89&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9787101091175&amp;rft.pages=52-53&amp;rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&amp;rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%B9%A6%E5%B1%80&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">康熙仪征县志</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E4%BB%A5%E6%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="陆以湉">陆以湉</a>《冷庐医话》:“建中靖国元年,公自海外归,年六十六,渡江至仪真,舣舟东海亭下,登金山妙高台时,公决意归毗陵,复同米元章游西山,逭暑南窗松竹下,时方酷暑,公久在海外,觉舟中热不可堪,夜辄露坐,复饮冷过度,中夜暴下,至旦惫甚,食黄粥觉稍适。会元章约明日为筵,俄瘴毒大作,暴下不止,自是胸膈作胀,却饮食,夜不能寐。……病暑饮冷暴下,不宜服黄芪,殆误服之。胸胀热雍,牙血泛滥,又不宜服人参、麦门冬。噫,此非为补药所误耶?”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《曲洧旧闻》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">蘇軾曾说:“吾侪新法之初,辄守偏见,至有异同之论。虽此心耿耿,归于忧国,而所言差谬,少有中理者。今圣德日新,众化大成,回视向之所执,益觉疏矣。若变志易守,以求进取,固所不敢;若哓哓不已,则忧患愈深。”(《东坡续集》卷4《与滕达道》)旧党专权后,苏轼批评司马光“专欲变熙宁之法,不复较量利害,参用所长。”(《东坡奏议集》卷3《辩试馆职策问札子》)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">苏轼的作品充斥著對食材的見解。贬黄州時,有诗《猪肉颂》:“黄州好猪肉,价钱等粪土。富者不肯吃,贫者不解煮。慢著火,少著水,火候足时它自美。每日起来打一碗,饱得自家君莫管。”苏轼亦有咏<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%94%E6%9E%9D" title="荔枝">荔枝</a>诗,《惠州一绝》:“罗浮山下四时春,卢橘杨梅次第新。日啖荔枝三百颗,不辞长做岭南人。”《河南邵氏聞見後錄》記載蘇軾嗜吃<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%B1%9A" class="mw-disambig" title="河豚">河豚</a>。蘇軾在儋州(海南島)寄給其弟子由詩中還提到老鼠肉、蝙蝠肉,以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%A9%E8%9B%A4%E8%9F%86" class="mw-redirect" title="癩蛤蟆">癩蛤蟆</a>的滋味,詩云:“土人頓頓食薯芋,薦以熏鼠燒蝙蝠;舊聞蜜唧嘗嘔吐,稍近蝦蟆緣習俗。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《观林诗话》载,苏轼喜欢凤翔玉女洞的泉水,每次去,都要取两瓶携回烹茶。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《靈壁張氏園亭記》:“俯仰山林之下,予以養生冶性。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_27-0"><sup><b>27.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_27-1"><sup><b>27.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">《题东坡字后》:“元祐中锁试礼部,每来见过,案上纸不择精粗,书遍乃已。性喜酒,然不能四五龠已烂醉,不辞谢而就卧,鼻酣如雷。少焉苏醒,落笔如风雨,虽谑弄皆有义味,真神仙中人。此岂与今世翰墨之士争衡哉!”(《豫章黄先生文集》卷二九)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《答謝民師書》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">节录《宋史》卷三百三十八《苏轼传》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《豫章黄先生文集》卷19《答洪驹父书》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%88%E5%B2%A9%E8%82%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="陈岩肖(页面不存在)">陈岩肖</a>:《庚溪诗话》卷下</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%B8%88%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="陈师道">陈师道</a>:《后山诗话》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">孔凡禮的《三蘇年譜》考察《苏轼诗集》、《苏轼文集》,確定苏轼现存诗2700多首,文4300多篇。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">孔凡礼的《三苏年谱》在薛瑞生等人著作的基礎上,考察《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%AE%8B%E8%A9%9E" title="全宋詞">全宋词</a>》、《全宋词补辑》,说明苏轼现存词320多首。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">俞文豹《吹剑录》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">°ê¥ß¬G®c³Õª«°. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npm.gov.tw/dm2001/B/exhibition/calligraphy/b08222_adv.htm">国立故宫博物院网站:蘇軾於元豐二年乙未(一〇七九)被認為以詩諷刺時政(即烏臺詩案),八月,被貶為黃州團練副使,次年二月抵任所,築室於「東坡」,東坡之號即始於此。是以〈黃州寒食詩〉作於一〇八二年。</a>. Npm.gov.tw. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2017-06-04</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190407205253/http://www.npm.gov.tw/dm2001/B/exhibition/calligraphy/b08222_adv.htm">存档</a>于2019-04-07).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC&amp;rft.au=%C2%B0%C3%AA%C2%A5%C3%9F%C2%ACG%C2%AEc%C2%B3%C3%95%C2%AA%C2%AB%C2%B0&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E6%95%85%E5%AE%AB%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%99%A2%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%EF%BC%9A%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE%E6%96%BC%E5%85%83%E8%B1%90%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E4%B9%99%E6%9C%AA%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%80%E3%80%87%E4%B8%83%E4%B9%9D%EF%BC%89%E8%A2%AB%E8%AA%8D%E7%82%BA%E4%BB%A5%E8%A9%A9%E8%AB%B7%E5%88%BA%E6%99%82%E6%94%BF%EF%BC%88%E5%8D%B3%E7%83%8F%E8%87%BA%E8%A9%A9%E6%A1%88%EF%BC%89%EF%BC%8C%E5%85%AB%E6%9C%88%EF%BC%8C%E8%A2%AB%E8%B2%B6%E7%82%BA%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%9E%E5%9C%98%E7%B7%B4%E5%89%AF%E4%BD%BF%EF%BC%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%8C%E6%9C%88%E6%8A%B5%E4%BB%BB%E6%89%80%EF%BC%8C%E7%AF%89%E5%AE%A4%E6%96%BC%E3%80%8C%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E3%80%8D%EF%BC%8C%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E4%B9%8B%E8%99%9F%E5%8D%B3%E5%A7%8B%E6%96%BC%E6%AD%A4%E3%80%82%E6%98%AF%E4%BB%A5%E3%80%88%E9%BB%83%E5%B7%9E%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E8%A9%A9%E3%80%89%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%BC%E4%B8%80%E3%80%87%E5%85%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%82&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Npm.gov.tw&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npm.gov.tw%2Fdm2001%2FB%2Fexhibition%2Fcalligraphy%2Fb08222_adv.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-王水照-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-王水照_37-0"><sup><b>37.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-王水照_37-1"><sup><b>37.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B0%B4%E7%85%A7" title="王水照">王水照</a>选注《苏轼选集》,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A4%E7%B1%8D%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" title="上海古籍出版社">上海古籍出版社</a>,1984年2月第一版,<a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7532505286" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 7-5325-0528-6</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.tvbs.com.tw/life/983860">流傳千年!蘇東坡《木石圖》真跡現世 拍賣估破15億元</a>. TVBS. 2018-08-30 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2018-08-31</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211003063121/https://news.tvbs.com.tw/life/983860">存档</a>于2021-10-03).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC&amp;rft.atitle=%E6%B5%81%E5%82%B3%E5%8D%83%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%81%E8%98%87%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E3%80%8A%E6%9C%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9C%96%E3%80%8B%E7%9C%9F%E8%B7%A1%E7%8F%BE%E4%B8%96%E3%80%80%E6%8B%8D%E8%B3%A3%E4%BC%B0%E7%A0%B415%E5%84%84%E5%85%83&amp;rft.date=2018-08-30&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.tvbs.com.tw%2Flife%2F983860&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-《东坡全集》版本考述-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-《东坡全集》版本考述_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">胡波. 《东坡全集》版本考述. 四川图书馆学报. 2004, (2): 63. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1003-7136"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN&#160;1003-7136</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3969%2Fj.issn.1003-7136.2004.02.020"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-7136.2004.02.020</span></a>. <a href="/wiki/CNKI" class="mw-redirect" title="CNKI">CNKI</a>&#160;<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CFJD&amp;filename=TUSH200402020">TUSH200402020</a></span><span style="position:relative; top:-2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="需注册账号查阅"><img alt="需注册账号查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210410195106/http://163.28.84.216/Entry/Detail/?title=%E7%99%BE%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%AF%E6%A8%82&amp;search=%E7%99%BE%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%AF%E6%A8%82">存档</a>于2021-04-10).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC&amp;rft.btitle=%E8%A9%9E%E6%A2%9D%E5%90%8D%E7%A8%B1%EF%BC%9A%E7%99%BE%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%AF%E6%A8%82&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F163.28.84.216%2FEntry%2FDetail%2F%3Ftitle%3D%25E7%2599%25BE%25E4%25BA%258B%25E5%258F%25AF%25E6%25A8%2582%26search%3D%25E7%2599%25BE%25E4%25BA%258B%25E5%258F%25AF%25E6%25A8%2582&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B" title="北宋">北宋</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇軾">蘇軾</a>,《東坡全集》(卷73):“軾少年時,讀書作文,專為應舉而已。既及進士第,貪得不已,又舉制策,其實何所有。而其科號為直言極諫,故每紛然誦說古今,考論是非,以應其名耳。人苦不自知,既以此得,因以為實能之,故譊譊至,坐此得罪幾死,所謂齊虜以口舌得官,真可笑也。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%84%88" class="mw-redirect" title="韓愈">韓愈</a>《三星行》詩:「我生之辰,月宿南斗。牛奮其角,箕張其口。牛不見服箱,斗不挹酒漿。箕獨有神靈,無時停簸揚。」<br />蘇軾《東坡志林·命分》:「<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E6%84%88" class="mw-redirect" title="韓愈">退之</a>(即韓愈)詩云:我生之辰,月宿直斗。乃知退之<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%BE%AF%E5%AE%AE" title="摩羯宮">磨蝎</a>為身宮,而僕乃以<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%BE%AF%E5%AE%AE" title="摩羯宮">磨蝎</a>為命,平生多得謗譽,殆是同病也!」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">黃道12宮,隨著佛教一起傳入中國。當時的<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%BE%AF%E5%BA%A7" title="摩羯座">摩羯座</a>稱作「磨蝎」,源於梵語「摩伽羅」,為鯨魚、大魚的意思。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chinatimes.com/hottopic/20220203000010-260812?chdtv">蘇軾悲嘆:摩羯座命都不好</a>. 中時. 2022/02/03 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2023-09-08</span>&#93;</span>. 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(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnhubei.com/xw/hb/hg/201802/t4073113.shtml">原始内容</a>存档于2018-02-22).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC&amp;rft.atitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E3%80%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%80%892017%E5%B9%B4%E4%BC%98%E7%A7%80%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%A7%E7%BA%AA%E5%BD%95%E7%89%87+%E6%9B%BE%E5%9C%A8%E9%BB%84%E5%86%88%E5%A4%9A%E5%9C%B0%E5%8F%96%E6%99%AF%E6%8B%8D%E6%91%84_%E8%8D%86%E6%A5%9A%E7%BD%91&amp;rft.au=%E5%88%98%E5%BB%BA%E7%BB%B4&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=news.cnhubei.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.cnhubei.com%2Fxw%2Fhb%2Fhg%2F201802%2Ft4073113.shtml&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考書目"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.9B.B8.E7.9B.AE"></span>參考書目</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇轍">蘇轍</a>《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E5%A2%93%E8%AA%8C%E9%8A%98" class="extiw" title="s:東坡先生墓誌銘">東坡先生墓誌銘</a>》</li> <li>《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B7338#苏轼" class="extiw" title="s:宋史/卷338">宋史·苏轼</a>》</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="研究書目"><span id=".E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6.E6.9B.B8.E7.9B.AE"></span>研究書目</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%AA%9E%E5%A0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="林語堂">林語堂</a>著,宋碧雲譯:《蘇東坡傳》(台北:遠景出版社,1979)。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E4%B8%80%E5%86%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="李一冰">李一冰</a>著:《蘇東坡新傳》 (增修校訂全新版)(台北:聯經:2019)。</li> <li>保苅佳昭:《新興與傳統——蘇軾詞論述》(上海:上海古籍出版社,2005)。</li> <li>內山精也著,朱剛等譯:《傳媒與真相——蘇軾及其周圍士大夫的文學》(上海:上海古籍出版社,2005)。</li> <li>柳立言:〈<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=23893141#">苏轼乳母任采莲墓志铭所反映的历史变化</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210108010919/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=23893141">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)〉。</li> <li>叶嘉莹:〈<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=1002307885">论苏轼词</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210108010836/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=1002307885">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)〉。</li> <li>浅见洋二:〈<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/Article_Read.aspx?id=669643902">言论统制下的文学文本——以苏轼诗歌创作为中心</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210108010835/http://www.nssd.org/articles/Article_Read.aspx?id=669643902">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)〉。</li> <li>淺見洋二:〈<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ctma.nccu.edu.tw/chibulletin/app/paper.php?action=list_content&amp;Sn=27">蘇軾及楊萬里詩中山水的擬人化</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210126014741/http://ctma.nccu.edu.tw/chibulletin/app/paper.php?action=list_content&amp;Sn=27">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)〉。</li> <li>内山精也:〈<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=15181122">苏轼次韵词考——以诗词间所呈现的次韵之异同为中心</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210108010858/http://www.nssd.org/articles/article_read.aspx?id=15181122">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)〉。</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224094507/http://ir.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/ir/handle/309250000Q/84212">東坡詞酒意象探析</a>,作者:許育喬,2008-02-22,<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%B8%AB%E7%AF%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="國立臺灣師範大學">國立臺灣師範大學</a>,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ir.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/ir/simple-search?query=%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E8%A9%9E&amp;query0=%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E8%A9%9E&amp;newsubmit=1">機構典藏</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20131224110903/http://ir.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/ir/simple-search?query=%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E8%A9%9E&amp;query0=%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E8%A9%9E&amp;newsubmit=1">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131224110858/http://ir.lib.ntnu.edu.tw/ir/handle/309250000Q/84224">東坡詞夢意象的研究</a>,作者:黃惠芳,2008-07-18,國立臺灣師範大學</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style 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href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/苏轼">苏轼语录</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中该作者的作品:<br /> <b style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" class="extiw" title="s:Author:蘇軾">蘇軾</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源:<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Su_Shi" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Su Shi"><span style="font-weight:bold;">苏轼</span></a></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83112147">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>苏轼</b>在维基百科的<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%A7%8A%E5%A6%B9%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE" title="Wikipedia:维基媒体姊妹项目"><span id="sister-projects">姊妹项目</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基词典上的<a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/苏轼">字词解释</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基共享资源上的<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Su_Shi" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Su Shi">多媒体资源</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基新闻上的<a href="https://zh.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/苏轼">新闻</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基语录上的<a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" class="extiw" title="q:蘇軾">名言</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基文库上的<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE" class="extiw" title="s:Author:蘇軾">原始文献</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基教科书上的<a href="https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/苏轼">教科书和手册</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基学院上的<a href="https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/苏轼">学习资源</a></span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link">维基数据上的<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36020" class="extiw" title="d:Q36020">数据项</a></span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npm.gov.tw/exhbition/sue0701/sue-0701.htm">蘇軾特展</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200523025724/http://www.npm.gov.tw/exhbition/sue0701/sue-0701.htm">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://big5.huaxia.com/wh/mjmp/00240802.html">蘇軾</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" title="Template:苏轼"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:苏轼(页面不存在)"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:苏轼"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="苏轼" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">苏轼</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">作品</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E8%B5%8B" title="前赤壁赋">前赤壁赋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E8%B5%8B" title="后赤壁赋">后赤壁赋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%B5%E5%A5%B4%E5%A8%87%C2%B7%E8%B5%A4%E5%A3%81%E6%80%80%E5%8F%A4" title="念奴娇·赤壁怀古">念奴娇·赤壁怀古</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%A1%8C%E9%9B%86" title="南行集">南行集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E9%A3%9F%E5%B8%96" title="寒食帖">寒食帖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E9%92%9F%E5%B1%B1%E8%AE%B0" title="石钟山记">石钟山记</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%AD%90%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%AC" title="艾子雜説">艾子雜説</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%B2%88%E8%89%AF%E6%96%B9" title="蘇沈良方">蘇沈良方</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E9%9D%9E%E8%AB%96_(%E8%98%87%E8%BB%BE)" title="韓非論 (蘇軾)">韓非論 (蘇軾)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%8C%E8%A5%BF%E6%9E%97%E5%A3%81" title="題西林壁">題西林壁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%A4%E8%88%9E%E6%B4%9E%E5%A4%A9" title="鹤舞洞天">鹤舞洞天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%9A%E5%9B%BD%E6%89%80%E8%97%8F%E3%80%8A%E7%83%9F%E6%B1%9F%E5%8F%A0%E5%B6%82%E5%9B%BE%E3%80%8B" title="书王定国所藏《烟江叠嶂图》">书王定国所藏《烟江叠嶂图》</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">建筑物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%8B%8F%E7%A5%A0" title="三苏祠">三苏祠</a></li> <li><a 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colspan="2"></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid black; padding: 0.2em; -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; -moz-box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; box-shadow: 0px 2px 7px #555; ;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E9%81%9C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇遜(页面不存在)">蘇遜</a></td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> </tbody></table></center></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="海南专题" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hainan_topics" title="Template:Hainan topics"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hainan_topics" title="Template talk:Hainan topics"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Hainan_topics" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Hainan topics"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="海南专题" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97" title="WikiProject:海南">海南专题</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B2%9B" title="海南岛">海南岛</a>  <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南省</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E7%9C%81%E4%BC%9A%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中华人民共和国省会列表">省会</a>:<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E5%B8%82" title="海口市">海口市</a>  <a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81%E5%9F%9F%E5%89%AF%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="省域副中心城市">省域副中心城市</a>:<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E5%B8%82" title="三亚市">三亚市</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">总体</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="海南歷史">历史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81" title="海南省">海南省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%90%84%E5%B8%82%E5%8E%BF%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="海南各市县地区生产总值列表">经济</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%8F%9C" title="海南菜">饮食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E5%A2%83%E5%86%85%E7%9A%84%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E6%96%87%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="海南省境内的全国重点文物保护单位列表">文物保護單位</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">地理</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B2%9B" title="海南岛">海南岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%8C%87%E5%B1%B1_(%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97)" title="五指山 (海南)">五指山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B8%E7%8E%8B%E5%B2%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BA%A7%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8C%BA" title="霸王岭国家级自然保护区">霸王岭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%96%E5%B3%B0%E5%B2%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="尖峰岭">尖峰岭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E4%BB%99%E5%B2%AD%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" title="七仙岭温泉国家森林公园">七仙岭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%B1%B1%E5%B2%AD" title="东山岭">东山岭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%8B%E6%B5%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%8C%BA" title="洋浦经济开发区">洋浦半岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%88%E6%94%AF%E6%B4%B2%E5%B2%9B" title="蜈支洲岛">蜈支洲岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%95%8C%E6%B4%B2%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="分界洲岛">分界洲岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%B2%9B" title="大洲岛">大洲岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%94%B8%E5%B2%9B" title="海甸岛">海甸岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%85%B4%E5%B2%9B" title="永兴岛">永兴岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E6%B9%BE" title="三亚湾">三亚湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%96%E5%B7%9E%E6%B9%BE" title="崖州湾">崖州湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%BE%99%E6%B9%BE" title="亚龙湾">亚龙湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%A3%A0%E6%B9%BE" title="海棠湾">海棠湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E6%B9%BE" title="海口湾">海口湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B8%A1%E6%B1%9F" title="南渡江">南渡江</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E5%8C%96%E6%B1%9F" title="昌化江">昌化江</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E6%B3%89%E6%B2%B3" title="万泉河">万泉河</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E6%B6%9B%E6%B0%B4%E5%BA%93" title="松涛水库">松涛水库</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B2%99%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%90%E9%BE%99%E6%B4%9E" title="三沙永乐龙洞">永樂龍洞</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">生物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%85%94" title="海南兔">海南兔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%96%A3%E8%9E%88" title="海南疣螈">海南疣螈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B0%E6%AF%9B%E7%8C%AC" title="海南新毛猬">海南新毛猬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B1%B1%E9%B9%A7%E9%B8%AA" title="海南山鹧鸪">海南山鹧鸪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E9%9B%89" title="海南孔雀雉">海南孔雀雉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%B9%8D%E8%9B%99" title="海南湍蛙">海南湍蛙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%BA%AA%E6%A0%91%E8%9B%99" title="海南溪树蛙">海南溪树蛙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%86%A0%E9%95%BF%E8%87%82%E7%8C%BF" title="黑冠长臂猿">海南黑冠长臂猿</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">交通</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E6%B5%B7%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="兰海高速公路">兰海高速公路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%B5%B7%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="沈海高速公路">沈海高速公路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E6%9C%89%E8%BD%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%BD%A6" title="三亚有轨电车">三亚有轨电车</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E6%B5%B7%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="粤海铁路">粤海铁路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%A5%BF%E7%8E%AF%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="海南西环铁路">西环铁路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%8E%AF%E5%B2%9B%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF" title="海南环岛高速铁路">海南环岛高速铁路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E7%8E%AF%E7%BA%BF%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="海南地区环线高速公路">海南环岛高速公路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%8E%AF%E5%B2%9B%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="海南环岛旅游公路">海南环岛旅游公路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="海南航空">海南航空</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="海口美兰国际机场">海口美兰国际机场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="三亚凤凰国际机场">三亚凤凰国际机场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%A2%E5%A1%98%E6%B9%BE%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="三亚红塘湾国际机场">红塘湾国际机场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6%E5%AE%A2%E8%BF%90%E6%80%BB%E7%AB%99" title="海口汽车客运总站">海口汽车总站</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%96%E5%B7%9E%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E6%BC%81%E6%B8%AF" title="崖州中心漁港">崖州港</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E6%B8%AF" title="海口港">海口港</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E6%89%80%E6%B8%AF" title="八所港">八所港</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E6%B8%AF" title="三亚港">三亚港</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">教育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="海南大学">海南大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%88%E8%8C%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="海南师范大学">海南师范大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%BB%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="海南医科大学">海南医科大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%83%AD%E5%B8%A6%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="海南热带海洋学院">海南热带海洋学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E5%8F%B0%E5%B8%88%E8%8C%83%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="琼台师范学院">琼台师范学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="海口经济学院">海口经济学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="三亚学院">三亚学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E8%81%8C%E4%B8%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="海南科技职业大学">海南科技职业大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="海南中学">海南中学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E5%B8%82%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="海口市第一中学">海口市第一中学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人口</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%B0%91%E7%B3%BB" title="海南民系">海南人</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%BE%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="华侨">海南僑鄉</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA#海南人、闽东人、兴化人" title="新加坡華人">新加坡海南人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA#海南人" title="馬來西亞華人">馬來西亞海南人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="香港人">香港海南人</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%8B%E5%8D%97%E6%B4%8B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="海南人下南洋(页面不存在)">下南洋</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%97%96%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%BA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="闖海人(页面不存在)">闖海人</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="海南移民(页面不存在)">移民</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%92%E9%9A%BE%E4%BE%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="归难侨(页面不存在)">归难侨</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E8%BE%89%E4%BA%BA" title="回辉人">回辉人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E6%97%8F" title="黎族">黎族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E6%97%8F" title="苗族">苗族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AE%E6%97%8F" title="壮族">壮族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%91%E5%AE%B6" title="蜑家">疍家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%A8%E9%AB%98%E4%BA%BA" title="臨高人">臨高人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E4%BB%94_(%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97)" title="大陸仔 (海南)">大陸仔</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E7%9C%81%E4%BA%BA" title="外省人">外省人</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%80%99%E9%B3%A5_(%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="候鳥 (海南)(页面不存在)">候鳥</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">建筑</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A7%E6%A1%A5" title="海文大桥">海文大桥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E6%B1%9F%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%B5%E7%AB%99" title="昌江核电站">昌江核电站</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E5%A4%A9%E5%90%8E%E5%AE%AB" title="海口天后宫">海口天后宫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E5%A4%A7%E6%A1%A5_(%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3)" title="世纪大桥 (海口)">海口世纪大桥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="海南省图书馆">海南省图书馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86" title="海南省博物馆">海南省博物馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B2%99%E5%B8%82%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="三沙市图书馆">三沙市图书馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B2%99%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86" title="西沙海洋博物馆">西沙海洋博物馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%B1%B1%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%8A%E8%A7%82%E9%9F%B3%E5%9C%A3%E5%83%8F" title="南山海上观音圣像">南山海上观音圣像</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E6%98%8C%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E5%9C%BA" title="中国文昌航天发射场">中国文昌航天发射场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E5%9C%BA" title="海南商业航天发射场">海南商业航天发射场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%BA%90%E6%B2%B3%E4%BD%93%E8%82%B2%E5%9C%BA" title="五源河体育场">五源河体育场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%8A%B1%E5%B3%B6" title="海花島">海花岛</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%8F%9C" title="海南菜">饮食</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%98%8C%E9%9B%9E" title="文昌雞">文昌雞</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%98%89%E7%A9%8D%E9%B4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="嘉積鴨(页面不存在)">嘉積鴨</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%8A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="東山羊(页面不存在)">東山羊</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%8C%E6%A8%82%E8%9F%B9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="和樂蟹(页面不存在)">和樂蟹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%B2%89" title="海南粉">海南粉</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%B1%E7%BD%97%E7%B2%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="抱罗粉(页面不存在)">抱罗粉</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%8E%E5%AE%89%E7%B2%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="后安粉(页面不存在)">后安粉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E8%A3%9C%E6%B6%BC" title="清補涼">清補涼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B5%E6%B0%B4%E9%85%B8%E7%B2%89" title="陵水酸粉">陵水酸粉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%B1%B1%E7%87%92%E8%B1%AC" title="福山燒豬">福山燒豬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%92%E5%86%B0" title="炒冰">海南炒冰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E7%81%AF%E7%AC%BC%E8%BE%A3%E6%A4%92" title="黄灯笼辣椒">海南黄灯笼椒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A1%E5%B1%8E%E8%97%A4%E7%A8%9E%E4%BB%94" title="鸡屎藤稞仔">海南鸡屎藤稞仔</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="薏粑" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Yi bua"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%8F%E7%B2%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="薏粑(页面不存在)">薏粑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yi_bua" class="extiw" title="en:Yi bua"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Yi bua</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">景点</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B6%AF%E6%B5%B7%E8%A7%92" title="天涯海角">天涯海角</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E6%97%A5%E6%B5%B7%E6%BB%A9" title="假日海滩">假日海滩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F%E6%B4%9E%E5%A4%A9" title="大小洞天">大小洞天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%9D%A1%E4%B9%A6%E9%99%A2" title="东坡书院">东坡书院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E4%B8%9C%E5%AF%A8%E6%B8%AF%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BA%A7%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8C%BA" title="海南东寨港国家级自然保护区">东寨港红树林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%80%E7%80%BE%E6%B9%96%E9%AB%98%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%AB%E7%90%83%E6%9C%83" title="觀瀾湖高爾夫球會">观澜湖度假区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%B1%B1%E5%AF%BA_(%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A)" title="南山寺 (三亚)">南山文化旅游区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%BE%99%E6%B9%BE" title="亚龙湾">亚龙湾热带天堂森林公园</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%B1%B1%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%8A%E8%A7%82%E9%9F%B3%E5%9C%A3%E5%83%8F" title="南山海上观音圣像">南山海上观音圣像</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A6%86" title="海南省博物馆">海南省博物馆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E7%9F%B3%E5%B1%B1%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%A4%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" title="海口石山火山群国家地质公园">海口石山火山群国家地质公园</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="落筆洞" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Luobi Cave"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%BD%E7%AD%86%E6%B4%9E&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="落筆洞(页面不存在)">落筆洞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luobi_Cave" class="extiw" title="en:Luobi Cave"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Luobi Cave</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="觀瀾湖明星獎杯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mission Hills Star Trophy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%80%E7%80%BE%E6%B9%96%E6%98%8E%E6%98%9F%E7%8D%8E%E6%9D%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="觀瀾湖明星獎杯(页面不存在)">觀瀾湖明星獎杯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission_Hills_Star_Trophy" class="extiw" title="en:Mission Hills Star Trophy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mission Hills Star Trophy</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B9%BE%E7%8C%B4%E5%B2%9B" title="南湾猴岛">南湾猴岛自然保护区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%B1%B1%E5%AF%BA_(%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A)" title="南山寺 (三亚)">南山寺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="凤凰岛">凤凰岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E5%85%AC%E7%A5%A0" title="五公祠">五公祠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%8B%E6%B5%A6%E5%8D%83%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%A4%E7%9B%90%E7%94%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="洋浦千年古盐田">洋浦千年古盐田</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%BE%99%E6%B9%BE" title="亚龙湾">亚龙湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%88%E6%94%AF%E6%B4%B2%E5%B2%9B" title="蜈支洲岛">蜈支洲岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E4%BB%99%E5%B2%AD%E6%B8%A9%E6%B3%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" title="七仙岭温泉国家森林公园">七仙岭温泉国家森林公园</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E5%B0%8F%E5%88%9A%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" title="冯小刚电影公社">冯小刚电影公社</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">经济</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E6%B8%AF" title="海南自由贸易港">海南自由贸易港</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%A6%BB%E5%B2%9B%E5%85%8D%E7%A8%8E%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="海南离岛免税政策">离岛免税政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%87%BA%E5%85%A5%E5%A2%83%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96#海南自由贸易港免签政策" title="中华人民共和国出入境政策">海南59國人員入境旅游免簽政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%B0%E6%A8%B9%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="椰樹集團">椰樹集團</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="海南国际商业航天发射有限公司">海南商发</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">文化</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%9C%9F" title="公期">公期</a>(軍坡)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%8B%E5%B7%9E%E8%B0%83%E5%A3%B0" title="儋州调声">儋州调声</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E7%95%AA" title="十番">十番</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E8%B7%AF%E7%B0%BF" title="更路簿">更路簿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E5%89%A7" title="琼剧">琼剧</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AD%E9%96%80%E8%B6%95%E6%B5%B7%E7%AF%80" title="潭門趕海節">趕海節</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%B0%BE%E8%81%96%E5%A8%98" title="水尾聖娘">水尾聖娘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E6%B2%99%E7%81%98%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83" title="2020年亞洲沙灘運動會">2020年亞洲沙灘運動會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B2%9B%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E8%8A%82" title="海南岛国际电影节">海南岛国际电影节</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">語言</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%9D" title="海南话">海南话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E8%AF%AD" title="黎语">黎语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%A8%E9%AB%98%E8%AA%9E" title="臨高語">臨高語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="粤语">粤语</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%8B%E5%B7%9E%E8%AF%9D" title="儋州话">儋州话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9C%91%E5%AE%B6%E8%A9%B1" title="蜑家話">蜑家話</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E8%AF%9D" title="迈话">迈话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%AF%9D" title="客家话">客家话</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%93%8A%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%91%E8%A9%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="瓊山村話(页面不存在)">瓊山村話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E5%AE%B6%E8%AF%9D" title="军家话">军家话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A1%E9%9A%86%E8%AA%9E" title="仡隆語">仡隆語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%89%E8%AA%9E" title="勉語">勉語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E8%BC%9D%E8%A9%B1" title="回輝話">回輝話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E9%A6%AC%E8%A9%B1" title="富馬話">富馬話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%97%E8%AA%9E" title="苗語">苗語</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E8%85%94%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E8%AF%9D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="海南腔普通话(页面不存在)">海南腔普通话</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B3%B6%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E5%8F%B2" title="海南島語言史">海南島語言史</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="海南歷史">歷史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%A0%E5%B4%96%E9%83%A1" title="珠崖郡">珠崖郡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%8B%E8%80%B3%E9%83%A1" title="儋耳郡">儋耳郡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%8A%E5%B7%9E" title="瓊州">瓊州</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%96%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="崖州">崖州</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AF%E5%B7%9E" title="振州">振州</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%8B%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" title="儋州 (古代)">儋州 (古代)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E5%AE%89%E5%B7%9E" title="萬安州">万安州</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E5%8C%96%E9%83%A1_(%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97)" title="昌化郡 (海南)">昌化郡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E5%B1%B1%E9%83%A1" title="琼山郡">琼山郡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E5%BE%B7%E9%83%A1" title="延德郡">延德郡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E5%AE%89%E9%83%A1" title="万安郡">万安郡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%96%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="崖州 (北宋)">崖州 (北宋)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%87%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="镇州 (北宋)">镇州</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%B4%96%E8%BB%8D" title="朱崖軍">朱崖军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E9%98%B3%E5%86%9B" title="吉阳军">吉阳军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8C%E5%8C%96%E8%BB%8D" title="昌化軍">昌化军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AF%A7%E8%BB%8D" title="南寧軍">南宁军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E5%BE%B7%E5%86%9B" title="延德军">延德军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E5%AE%89%E5%86%9B" title="万安军">万安军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E5%AE%81%E5%AE%89%E6%8A%9A%E5%8F%B8" title="乾宁安抚司">乾宁安抚司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E5%B7%9E%E5%BA%9C" title="琼州府">琼州府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%96%E5%B7%9E%E7%9B%B4%E9%9A%B6%E5%B7%9E" title="崖州直隶州">崖州直隶州</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%8A%E5%B4%96%E9%81%93" title="瓊崖道">瓊崖道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B3%B6%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="海南島戰役">海南島戰役</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%8A%E5%B4%96%E6%88%B0%E9%AC%A5" title="瓊崖戰鬥">瓊崖戰鬥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" title="海南特別行政區">海南特別行政區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%97%A5%E5%8D%A0%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" title="海南日占时期">海南日占时期</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E5%B4%96%E4%B8%93%E5%8C%BA" title="琼崖专区">琼崖专区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E5%B4%96%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="琼崖苏维埃政府">琼崖苏维埃政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E7%90%BC%E5%B4%96%E7%BA%B5%E9%98%9F" title="中国人民解放军琼崖纵队">琼崖纵队</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%BE%B7%E8%A3%95" title="李德裕">李德裕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%BA%B2" title="李纲">李纲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E9%BC%8E" title="赵鼎">赵鼎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%85%89_(%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B)" title="李光 (南宋)">李光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%93%A8" title="胡铨">胡铨</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">苏轼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%B1%85%E8%B5%B7" title="王居起">王居起</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%96%87%E5%AE%97" title="元文宗">元文宗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%98%8E%E7%94%AB" title="陈明甫">陈明甫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%91" class="mw-redirect" title="陈公发">陈公发</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%8B%E9%A9%AC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="王马(页面不存在)">王马</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%A6%E9%82%A3%E5%8D%97" title="符那南">符那南</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%A6%E5%8D%97%E8%9B%87" title="符南蛇">符南蛇</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A3%E7%BA%A2&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="那红(页面不存在)">那红</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%A3%E7%87%95&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="那燕(页面不存在)">那燕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%91%9E" title="海瑞">海瑞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E4%BD%90_(%E6%AD%A3%E7%B5%B1%E8%88%89%E4%BA%BA)" title="王佐 (正統舉人)">王佐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%98%E6%BF%AC" title="丘濬">丘濬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E5%B2%B3%E5%B4%A7" title="張岳崧">張岳崧</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%A0%E7%BA%A2%E9%A1%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="张红须(页面不存在)">张红须</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%90" title="冯子材">冯子材</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AE%E7%99%BD%E9%A7%92" title="馮白駒">馮白駒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E8%88%88_(%E9%BB%8E%E6%97%8F)" title="王國興 (黎族)">王国兴</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">政治</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%BE%8E%E6%92%9E%E6%9C%BA%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="中美撞机事件">中美撞机事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="中国共产党海南省委员会">中国共产党海南省委员会</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">媒体</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E6%80%BB%E5%8F%B0" title="海南广播电视总台">海南广播电视总台</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%8D%AB%E8%A7%86" title="海南卫视">海南卫视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" title="海南民生廣播">海南民生廣播</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" title="海南新聞廣播">海南新聞廣播</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B2%99%E5%8D%AB%E8%A7%86" title="三沙卫视">三沙卫视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%A5" title="海南日报">海南日报</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%89%B9%E5%8C%BA%E6%8A%A5" title="海南特区报">海南特区报</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%9B%BD%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E6%8A%A5" title="南国都市报">南国都市报</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B0" title="海口广播电视台">海口广播电视台</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="三亚电视台(页面不存在)">三亚电视台</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E5%B8%82%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E5%8F%B0" title="东方市广播电视台">东方市广播电视台</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">军事</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A8%E6%88%98%E5%8C%BA%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" title="中国人民解放军南部战区海军">南海舰队</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B%E6%A6%86%E6%9E%97%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0" title="中国人民解放军海军榆林基地">榆林基地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%9C%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0" title="中国人民解放军海军三亚综合保障基地">三亚综合保障基地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B%E6%BD%9C%E8%89%87%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0" title="中国人民解放军海军潜艇第二基地">海军潜艇第二基地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A8%E6%88%98%E5%8C%BA%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%85%B5" title="中国人民解放军南部战区海军航空兵">南部战区海军航空兵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E5%8F%B7%E4%B8%A4%E6%A0%96%E6%94%BB%E5%87%BB%E8%88%B0" title="海南号两栖攻击舰">海南舰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E5%8F%B7%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9%E9%A9%B1%E9%80%90%E8%88%B0" title="海口号导弹驱逐舰">海口舰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E5%8F%B7%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9%E6%8A%A4%E5%8D%AB%E8%88%B0" title="三亚号导弹护卫舰">三亚舰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/071%E5%9E%8B%E7%BB%BC%E5%90%88%E7%99%BB%E9%99%86%E8%88%B0" title="071型综合登陆舰">五指山舰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97%E7%9C%81%E6%80%BB%E9%98%9F" title="中国人民武装警察部队海南省总队">武警海南總隊</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">區劃</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%A3%E5%B8%82" title="海口市">海口市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%BA%9A%E5%B8%82" title="三亚市">三亚市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B2%99%E5%B8%82" title="三沙市">三沙市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%84%8B%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="儋州市">儋州市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E5%AE%89%E5%8E%BF" title="定安县">定安县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%AF%E6%98%8C%E5%8E%BF" title="屯昌县">屯昌县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%84%E8%BF%88%E5%8E%BF" title="澄迈县">澄迈县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%BF" title="临高县">临高县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%8C%87%E5%B1%B1%E5%B8%82" title="五指山市">五指山市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E6%B5%B7%E5%B8%82" title="琼海市">琼海市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%98%8C%E5%B8%82" title="文昌市">文昌市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E5%AE%81%E5%B8%82" title="万宁市">万宁市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9%E5%B8%82" title="东方市">东方市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E6%B2%99%E9%BB%8E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8E%BF" title="白沙黎族自治县">白沙黎族自治县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%90%E4%B8%9C%E9%BB%8E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8E%BF" title="乐东黎族自治县">乐东黎族自治县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B5%E6%B0%B4%E9%BB%8E%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8E%BF" title="陵水黎族自治县">陵水黎族自治县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E4%BA%AD%E9%BB%8E%E6%97%8F%E8%8B%97%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8E%BF" title="保亭黎族苗族自治县">保亭黎族苗族自治县</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E4%B8%AD%E9%BB%8E%E6%97%8F%E8%8B%97%E6%97%8F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8E%BF" title="琼中黎族苗族自治县">琼中黎族苗族自治县</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/16px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/24px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://zh.wikinews.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%97" class="extiw" title="n:海南">新聞報導</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="南粤先贤馆入选名人" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%97%E7%B2%A4%E5%85%88%E8%B4%A4%E9%A6%86" title="Template:南粤先贤馆"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E5%8D%97%E7%B2%A4%E5%85%88%E8%B4%A4%E9%A6%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:南粤先贤馆(页面不存在)"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8D%97%E7%B2%A4%E5%85%88%E8%B4%A4%E9%A6%86" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:南粤先贤馆"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="南粤先贤馆入选名人" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%B2%A4%E5%85%88%E8%B4%A4%E9%A6%86" title="南粤先贤馆">南粤先贤馆</a>入选名人</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">古代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%A6%E6%9C%9D" title="秦朝">秦</a>至<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B5%E4%BD%97" title="赵佗">赵佗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%A8%E5%AD%9A" title="杨孚">杨孚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E6%B4%AA" title="葛洪">葛洪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%BC%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA" title="冼夫人">冼夫人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E9%9C%86%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="雷霆大帝">陈文玉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E8%83%BD" title="惠能">惠能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E4%B9%9D%E9%BE%84" title="张九龄">张九龄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%84%88" title="韩愈">韩愈</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝">元</a>时期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E6%8B%AF" title="包拯">包拯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%99%E9%9D%96" title="余靖">余靖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%95%A6%E9%A2%90" title="周敦颐">周敦颐</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">苏轼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E8%88%87%E4%B9%8B" title="崔與之">崔與之</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A9%E7%A5%A5" title="文天祥">文天祥</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清</a>时期</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%98%E6%BF%AC" title="丘濬">丘濬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E7%8D%BB%E7%AB%A0" title="陳獻章">陳獻章</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%9B%E8%8B%A5%E6%B0%B4" title="湛若水">湛若水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E4%BD%90" title="黃佐">黃佐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%91%9E" title="海瑞">海瑞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%81%E4%B8%87%E8%BE%BE" title="翁万达">翁万达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%81%E5%B4%87%E7%84%95" title="袁崇焕">袁崇焕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%AD%90%E5%A3%AF" title="陳子壯">陳子壯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%88%E5%A4%A7%E5%9D%87" title="屈大均">屈大均</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E6%81%AD%E5%B0%B9" title="陳恭尹">陳恭尹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E7%92%B8" title="陳璸">陳璸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E5%85%83" title="阮元">阮元</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">近代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A6%E7%89%87%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="鸦片战争">鸦片战争</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%88%99%E5%BE%90" title="林则徐">林则徐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E5%A4%A9%E5%9F%B9" title="关天培">关天培</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%A4%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="太平天国运动">太平天国运动</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E7%A7%80%E5%85%A8" title="洪秀全">洪秀全</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E4%BB%81%E7%8E%95" title="洪仁玕">洪仁玕</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%8B%E5%8A%A1%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="洋务运动">洋务运动</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E4%B9%8B%E6%B4%9E" title="张之洞">张之洞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E6%97%A5%E6%98%8C" title="丁日昌">丁日昌</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%B3%95%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="中法战争">中法战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%8D%88%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="甲午战争">甲午战争</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E6%B0%B8%E7%A6%8F" title="刘永福">刘永福</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%93%E4%B8%96%E6%98%8C" title="邓世昌">邓世昌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%90" title="冯子材">冯子材</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%98%E9%80%A2%E7%94%B2" title="丘逢甲">丘逢甲</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">文化教育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E7%BB%B4%E5%B1%8F" title="张维屏">张维屏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%BB%B7%E6%9E%8F" title="梁廷枏">梁廷枏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%AC%A1%E7%90%A6" title="朱次琦">朱次琦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%BE%A7" title="陈澧">陈澧</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%B9%E9%97%B3" title="容闳">容闳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E5%85%AD%E6%9C%8B" title="蘇六朋">蘇六朋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E5%B7%A2" title="居巢">居巢</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E5%BB%89" title="居廉">居廉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E8%B6%BC%E4%BA%BA" title="吳趼人">吳趼人</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">科技实业</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%92%E4%BC%AF%E5%A5%87" title="鄒伯奇">鄒伯奇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%91" title="詹天佑">詹天佑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%E5%A6%82" title="冯如">冯如</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%90%AF%E6%B2%85" title="陈启沅">陈启沅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%BC%BC%E5%A3%AB" title="张弼士">张弼士</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%B0%E8%AE%8A%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="維新變法">维新变法</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%9C%89%E4%B8%BA" title="康有为">康有为</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%90%AF%E8%B6%85" title="梁启超">梁启超</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%81%B5%E6%86%B2" title="黃遵憲">黃遵憲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E8%A7%80%E6%87%89" title="鄭觀應">鄭觀應</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="辛亥革命">辛亥革命</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%89%A7%E4%BF%A1" title="朱执信">朱执信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1" title="孫中山">孫中山</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36020#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36020#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36020#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90833791">挪威</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX822685">西班牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12074309s">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12074309s">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metadata.ncl.edu.tw/blstkmc/blst2ndtp?PAGE=authorDetail&amp;authCode=AC000207208">台湾</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118619780">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007268508105171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000201906">芬兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80115817">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/vs68clkd1qj6fbj">瑞典</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&amp;local_base=lnc10&amp;doc_number=000222571&amp;P_CON_LNG=ENG">拉脱维亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleweb.ncl.edu.tw/F/?func=accref&amp;acc_sequence=002208122&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">台湾</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00316630">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=jn20040227005&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36601684">澳大利亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="(宋) 苏轼 (1037~1101)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.nlc.cn/F/?func=accref&amp;acc_sequence=000059795">中国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199631702">韩国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&amp;doc_number=000650846&amp;local_base=nsk10">克罗地亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p140083685">荷兰</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810541475405606">波兰</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00340348?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">艺术家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/dcc9da19-d222-46aa-a8a3-b4b6562a14f1">MusicBrainz</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&amp;role=&amp;nation=&amp;subjectid=500123267">艺术家联合名录</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opac.calis.edu.cn/aopac/ajsp/detail.jsp?actionfrom=1&amp;actl=CAL++n2004219389">CALIS</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cbdb.fas.harvard.edu/cbdbapi/person.php?id=0003767">CBDB</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.dila.edu.tw/person/?fromInner=A003555">DILA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118619780.html?language=en">德意志传记</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.library.sh.cn/entity/person/fia6wo2nwkdcrjll.html">SHL</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newarchive.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/sncaccgi/sncacFtp?ACTION=TQ,sncacFtpqf,SN=018284,2nd,search_simple">Sinica</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1318883">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Su, Shi, 1037-1101"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.cobiss.net/cobiss/si/en/conor/183581027">CONOR</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hkcan.julac.org/authorities/names/9811105426903406">HKCAN</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/30113667">RISM</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6p85csj">SNAC</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029032199">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐697b7966c5‐dxq5b Cached time: 20241126174346 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.352 seconds Real time usage: 1.657 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 18352/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 323696/2097152 bytes Template 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