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Basin</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Karoo Basin"> <meta name="keywords" content="Karoo Basin"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Karoo Basin"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 699</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Karoo Basin</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">699</span> Application of Acid Base Accounting to Predict Post-Mining Drainage Quality in Coalfields of the Main Karoo Basin and Selected Sub-Basins, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindani%20Ncube">Lindani Ncube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baojin%20Zhao"> Baojin Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ken%20Liu"> Ken Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20Johanna%20Van%20Niekerk"> Helen Johanna Van Niekerk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acid Base Accounting (ABA) is a tool used to assess the total amount of acidity or alkalinity contained in a specific rock sample, and is based on the total S concentration and the carbonate content of a sample. A preliminary ABA test was conducted on 14 sandstone and 5 coal samples taken from coalfields representing the Main Karoo Basin (Highveld, Vryheid and Molteno/Indwe Coalfields) and the Sub-basins (Witbank and Waterberg Coalfields). The results indicate that sandstone and coal from the Main Karoo Basin have the potential of generating Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) as they contain sufficient pyrite to generate acid, with the final pH of samples relatively low upon complete oxidation of pyrite. Sandstone from collieries representing the Main Karoo Basin are characterised by elevated contents of reactive S%. All the studied samples were characterised by an Acid Potential (AP) that is less than the Neutralizing Potential (NP) except for two samples. The results further indicate that the sandstone from the Main Karoo Basin is prone to acid generation as compared to the sandstone from the Sub-basins. However, the coal has a relatively low potential of generating any acid. The application of ABA in this study contributes to an understanding of the complexities governing water-rock interactions. In general, the coalfields from the Main Karoo Basin have much higher potential to produce AMD during mining processes than the coalfields in the Sub-basins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Main%20Karoo%20Basin" title="Main Karoo Basin">Main Karoo Basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-basin" title=" sub-basin"> sub-basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal" title=" coal"> coal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandstone" title=" sandstone"> sandstone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20base%20accounting%20%28ABA%29" title=" acid base accounting (ABA)"> acid base accounting (ABA)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60382/application-of-acid-base-accounting-to-predict-post-mining-drainage-quality-in-coalfields-of-the-main-karoo-basin-and-selected-sub-basins-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">698</span> Magnetic Investigation and 2½D Gravity Profile Modelling across the Beattie Magnetic Anomaly in the Southeastern Karoo Basin, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Baiyegunhi">Christopher Baiyegunhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oswald%20Gwavava"> Oswald Gwavava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The location/source of the Beattie magnetic anomaly (BMA) and interconnectivity of geologic structures at depth have been a topic of investigation for over 30 years. Up to now, no relationship between geological structures (interconnectivity of dolerite intrusions) at depth has been established. Therefore, the environmental impact of fracking the Karoo for shale gas could not be assessed despite the fact that dolerite dykes are groundwater localizers in the Karoo. In this paper, we shed more light to the unanswered questions concerning the possible location of the source of the BMA, the connectivity of geologic structures like dolerite dykes and sills at depth and this relationship needs to be established before the tectonic evolution of the Karoo basin can be fully understood and related to fracking of the Karoo for shale gas. The result of the magnetic investigation and modelling of four gravity profiles that crosses the BMA in the study area reveals that the anomaly, which is part of the Beattie magnetic anomaly tends to divide into two anomalies and continue to trend in an NE-SW direction, the dominant gravity signatures is of long wavelength that is due to a deep source/interface inland and shallows towards the coast, the average depth to the top of the shallow and deep magnetic sources was estimated to be approximately 0.6 km and 15 km, respectively. The BMA become stronger with depth which could be an indication that the source(s) is deep possibly a buried body in the basement. The bean-shaped anomaly also behaves in a similar manner like the BMA thus it could possibly share the same source(s) with the BMA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beattie%20magnetic%20anomaly" title="Beattie magnetic anomaly">Beattie magnetic anomaly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20sources" title=" magnetic sources"> magnetic sources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karoo%20Basin" title=" Karoo Basin"> Karoo Basin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32546/magnetic-investigation-and-2d-gravity-profile-modelling-across-the-beattie-magnetic-anomaly-in-the-southeastern-karoo-basin-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">554</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">697</span> Adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions by Using Pods of Acacia Karoo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulshan%20Kumar%20Jawa">Gulshan Kumar Jawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandeep%20Mohan%20Ahuja"> Sandeep Mohan Ahuja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the increase in industrialization, the presence of heavy metals in wastewater streams has turned into a serious concern for the ecosystem. The metals diffuse through the food chains, causing various health hazards. Conventional methods used to remove these heavy metals from water have some limitations, such as cost, secondary pollution due to sludge formation, recovery of metal, economic viability at low metal concentrations, etc. Many of the biomaterials have been investigated by researchers for the adsorption of heavy metals from water solutions as an alternative technique for the last two decades and have found promising results. In this paper, the batch study on the use of pods of acacia karoo for the adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions has been reported. The effect of various parameters on the removal of metal ions, such as pH, contact time, stirring speed, initial metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose, and temperature, have been established to find the optimum parameters through one parameter optimization. Further, kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies have been conducted. The pods of acacia karoo have shown great potential for adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions and have proven to be a better and more economical alternative for the purpose. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomaterials" title=" biomaterials"> biomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cadmium%28II%29" title=" Cadmium(II)"> Cadmium(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lead%28II%29" title=" Lead(II)"> Lead(II)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pods%20of%20acacia%20karoo" title=" pods of acacia karoo"> pods of acacia karoo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185866/adsorption-of-cdii-and-pbii-from-aqueous-solutions-by-using-pods-of-acacia-karoo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">43</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">696</span> Modal Composition and Tectonic Provenance of the Sandstones of Ecca Group, Karoo Supergroup in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Baiyegunhi">Christopher Baiyegunhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuiwu%20Liu"> Kuiwu Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oswald%20Gwavava"> Oswald Gwavava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Petrography of the sandstones of Ecca Group, Karoo Supergroup in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa have been investigated on composition, provenance and influence of weathering conditions. Petrographic studies based on quantitative analysis of the detrital minerals revealed that the sandstones are composed mostly of quartz, feldspar and lithic fragments of metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. The sandstones have an average framework composition of 24.3% quartz, 19.3% feldspar, 26.1% rock fragments, and 81.33% of the quartz grains are monocrystalline. These sandstones are generally very fine to fine grained, moderate to well sorted, and subangular to subrounded in shape. In addition, they are compositionally immature and can be classified as feldspathic wacke and lithic wacke. The absence of major petrographically distinctive compositional variations in the sandstones perhaps indicate homogeneity of their source. As a result of this, it is inferred that the transportation distance from the source area was quite short and the main mechanism of transportation was by river systems to the basin. The QFL ternary diagrams revealed dissected and transitional arc provenance pointing to an active margin and uplifted basement preserving the signature of a recycled provenance. This is an indication that the sandstones were derived from a magmatic arc provenance. Since magmatic provenance includes transitional arc and dissected arc, it also shows that the source area of the Ecca sediments had a secondary sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks from a marginal belt that developed as a result of rifting. The weathering diagrams and semi-quantitative weathering index indicate that the Ecca sandstones are mostly from a plutonic source area, with climatic conditions ranging from arid to humid. The compositional immaturity of the sandstones is suggested to be due to weathering or recycling and low relief or short transport from the source area. The detrital modal compositions of these sandstones are related to back arc to island and continental margin arc. The origin and deposition of the Ecca sandstones are due to low-moderate weathering, recycling of pre-existing rocks, erosion and transportation of debris from the orogeny of the Cape Fold Belt. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petrography" title="petrography">petrography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tectonic%20setting" title=" tectonic setting"> tectonic setting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=provenance" title=" provenance"> provenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ecca%20Group" title=" Ecca Group"> Ecca Group</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karoo%20Basin" title=" Karoo Basin"> Karoo Basin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66142/modal-composition-and-tectonic-provenance-of-the-sandstones-of-ecca-group-karoo-supergroup-in-the-eastern-cape-province-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">695</span> Diagenesis of the Permian Ecca Sandstones and Mudstones, in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa: Implications for the Shale Gas Potential of the Karoo Basin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Temitope%20L.%20Baiyegunhi">Temitope L. Baiyegunhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20Baiyegunhi"> Christopher Baiyegunhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuiwu%20Liu"> Kuiwu Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oswald%20Gwavava"> Oswald Gwavava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diagenesis is the most important factor that affects or impact the reservoir property. Despite the fact that published data gives a vast amount of information on the geology, sedimentology and lithostratigraphy of the Ecca Group in the Karoo Basin of South Africa, little is known of the diagenesis of the potentially feasible shales and sandstones of the Ecca Group. The study aims to provide a general account of the diagenesis of sandstones and mudstone of the Ecca Group. Twenty-five diagenetic textures and structures are identified and grouped into three regimes or stages that include eogenesis, mesogenesis and telogenesis. Clay minerals are the most common cementing materials in the Ecca sandstones and mudstones. Smectite, kaolinite and illite are the major clay minerals that act as pore lining rims and pore-filling cement. Most of the clay minerals and detrital grains were seriously attacked and replaced by calcite. Calcite precipitates locally in pore spaces and partly or completely replaced feldspar and quartz grains, mostly at their margins. Precipitation of cements and formation of pyrite and authigenic minerals as well as little lithification occurred during the eogenesis. This regime was followed by mesogenesis which brought about an increase in tightness of grain packing, loss of pore spaces and thinning of beds due to weight of overlying sediments and selective dissolution of framework grains. Compaction, mineral overgrowths, mineral replacement, clay-mineral authigenesis, deformation and pressure solution structures occurred during mesogenesis. During rocks were uplifted, weathered and unroofed by erosion, this resulted in additional grain fracturing, decementation and oxidation of iron-rich volcanic fragments and ferromagnesian minerals. The rocks of Ecca Group were subjected to moderate-intense mechanical and chemical compaction during its progressive burial. Intergranular pores, matrix micro pores, secondary intragranular, dissolution and fractured pores are the observed pores. The presence of fractured and dissolution pores tend to enhance reservoir quality. However, the isolated nature of the pores makes them unfavourable producers of hydrocarbons, which at best would require stimulation. The understanding of the space and time distribution of diagenetic processes in these rocks will allow the development of predictive models of their quality, which may contribute to the reduction of risks involved in their exploration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagenesis" title="diagenesis">diagenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reservoir%20quality" title=" reservoir quality"> reservoir quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ecca%20Group" title=" Ecca Group"> Ecca Group</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karoo%20Supergroup" title=" Karoo Supergroup"> Karoo Supergroup</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100475/diagenesis-of-the-permian-ecca-sandstones-and-mudstones-in-the-eastern-cape-province-south-africa-implications-for-the-shale-gas-potential-of-the-karoo-basin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">694</span> Study of Effects of 3D Semi-Spheriacl Basin-Shape-Ratio on the Frequency Content and Spectral Amplitudes of the Basin-Generated Surface Waves</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamal">Kamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20P.%20Narayan"> J. P. Narayan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present wok the effects of basin-shape-ratio on the frequency content and spectral amplitudes of the basin-generated surface waves and the associated spatial variation of ground motion amplification and differential ground motion in a 3D semi-spherical basin has been studied. A recently developed 3D fourth-order spatial accurate time-domain finite-difference (FD) algorithm based on the parsimonious staggered-grid approximation of the 3D viscoelastic wave equations was used to estimate seismic responses. The simulated results demonstrated the increase of both the frequency content and the spectral amplitudes of the basin-generated surface waves and the duration of ground motion in the basin with the increase of shape-ratio of semi-spherical basin. An increase of the average spectral amplification (ASA), differential ground motion (DGM) and the average aggravation factor (AAF) towards the centre of the semi-spherical basin was obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20viscoelastic%20simulation" title="3D viscoelastic simulation">3D viscoelastic simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basin-generated%20surface%20waves" title=" basin-generated surface waves"> basin-generated surface waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basin-shape-ratio%20effects" title=" basin-shape-ratio effects"> basin-shape-ratio effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=average%20spectral%20amplification" title=" average spectral amplification"> average spectral amplification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggravation%20factors%20and%20differential%20ground%20motion" title=" aggravation factors and differential ground motion"> aggravation factors and differential ground motion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21727/study-of-effects-of-3d-semi-spheriacl-basin-shape-ratio-on-the-frequency-content-and-spectral-amplitudes-of-the-basin-generated-surface-waves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21727.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">693</span> Runoff Estimation in the Khiyav River Basin by Using the SCS_ CN Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Esfandyari%20Darabad">F. Esfandyari Darabad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Samadi"> Z. Samadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The volume of runoff caused by rainfall in the river basin has enticed the researchers in the fields of the water management resources. In this study, first of the hydrological data such as the rainfall and discharge of the Khiyav river basin of Meshkin city in the northwest of Iran collected and then the process of analyzing and reconstructing has been completed. The soil conservation service (scs) has developed a method for calculating the runoff, in which is based on the curve number specification (CN). This research implemented the following model in the Khiyav river basin of Meshkin city by the GIS techniques and concluded the following fact in which represents the usage of weight model in calculating the curve numbers that provides the possibility for the all efficient factors which is contributing to the runoff creation such as; the geometric characteristics of the basin, the basin soil characteristics, vegetation, geology, climate and human factors to be considered, so an accurate estimation of runoff from precipitation to be achieved as the result. The findings also exposed the accident-prone areas in the output of the Khiyav river basin so it was revealed that the Khiyav river basin embodies a high potential for the flood creation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curve%20number" title="curve number">curve number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=khiyav%20river%20basin" title=" khiyav river basin"> khiyav river basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runoff%20estimation" title=" runoff estimation"> runoff estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCS" title=" SCS"> SCS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33261/runoff-estimation-in-the-khiyav-river-basin-by-using-the-scs-cn-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">622</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">692</span> Agricultural Water Consumption Estimation in the Helmand Basin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Akbari">Mahdi Akbari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Torabi%20Haghighi"> Ali Torabi Haghighi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hamun Lakes, located in the Helmand Basin, consisting of four water bodies, were the greatest (>8500 km2) freshwater bodies in Iran plateau but have almost entirely desiccated over the last 20 years. The desiccation of the lakes caused dust storm in the region which has huge economic and health consequences on the inhabitants. The flow of the Hirmand (or Helmand) River, the most important feeding river, has decreased from 4 to 1.9 km3 downstream due to anthropogenic activities. In this basin, water is mainly consumed for farming. Due to the lack of in-situ data in the basin, this research utilizes remote-sensing data to show how croplands and consequently consumed water in the agricultural sector have changed. Based on Landsat NDVI, we suggest using a threshold of around 0.35-0.4 to detect croplands in the basin. Croplands of this basin has doubled since 1990, especially in the downstream of the Kajaki Dam (the biggest dam of the basin). Using PML V2 Actual Evapotranspiration (AET) data and considering irrigation efficiency (≈0.3), we estimate that the consumed water (CW) for farming. We found that CW has increased from 2.5 to over 7.5 km3 from 2002 to 2017 in this basin. Also, the annual average Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) of the basin has had a negative trend in the recent years, although the AET over croplands has an increasing trend. In this research, using remote sensing data, we covered lack of data in the studied area and highlighted anthropogenic activities in the upstream which led to the lakes desiccation in the downstream. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghanistan-Iran%20transboundary%20Basin" title="Afghanistan-Iran transboundary Basin">Afghanistan-Iran transboundary Basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran-Afghanistan%20water%20treaty" title=" Iran-Afghanistan water treaty"> Iran-Afghanistan water treaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20use" title=" water use"> water use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lake%20desiccation" title=" lake desiccation"> lake desiccation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147153/agricultural-water-consumption-estimation-in-the-helmand-basin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147153.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">691</span> Basin Professor, Petroleum Geology Assessor in Indonesia Basin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arditya%20Nugraha">Arditya Nugraha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herry%20Gunawan"> Herry Gunawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agung%20P.%20Widodo"> Agung P. Widodo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The various possible strategies to find hydrocarbon are explored within a wide ranging of efforts. It started to identify petroleum concept in the basin. The main objectives of this paper are to integrate and develop information, knowledge, and evaluation from Indonesia’s sedimentary basins system in terms of their suitability for exploration activity and estimate the hydrocarbon potential available. The system which compiled data information and knowledge and comprised exploration and production data of all basins in Indonesia called as Basin Professor which stands for Basin Professional and Processor. Basin Professor is a website application using Geography Information System which consists of all information about basin montage, basin summary, petroleum system, stratigraphy, development play, risk factor, exploration history, working area, regional cross section, well correlation, prospect & lead inventory and infrastructure spatial. From 82 identified sedimentary basins, North Sumatra, Central Sumatra, South Sumatera, East Java, Kutai, and Tarakan basins are respectively positioned of the Indonesia’ s mature basin and the most productive basin. The Eastern of Indonesia also have many hydrocarbon potential and discovered several fields in Papua and East Abadi. Basin Professor compiled the well data in all of the basin in Indonesia from mature basin to frontier basin. Well known geological data, subsurface mapping, prospect and lead, resources and established infrastructures are the main factors make these basins have higher suitability beside another potential basin. The hydrocarbon potential resulted from this paper based on the degree of geological data, petroleum, and economic evaluation. Basin Professor has provided by a calculator tool in lead and prospect for estimate the hydrocarbon reserves, recoverable in place and geological risk. Furthermore, the calculator also defines the preliminary economic evaluation such as investment, POT IRR and infrastructures in each basin. From this Basin Professor, petroleum companies are able to estimate that Indonesia has a huge potential of hydrocarbon oil and gas reservoirs and still interesting for hydrocarbon exploration and production activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basin%20summary" title="basin summary">basin summary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petroleum%20system" title=" petroleum system"> petroleum system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resources" title=" resources"> resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20evaluation" title=" economic evaluation"> economic evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62961/basin-professor-petroleum-geology-assessor-in-indonesia-basin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">690</span> Neotectonic Features of the Fethiye-Burdur Fault Zone between Kozluca and Burdur, SW Anatolia, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Berkant%20Co%C5%9Fkuner">Berkant Coşkuner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmi%20Aksoy"> Rahmi Aksoy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to present some preliminary stratigraphic and structural evidence for the Fethiye-Burdur fault zone between Kozluca and Burdur. The Fethiye-Burdur fault zone, the easternmost extension of the west Anatolian extensional province, extends from the Gulf of Fethiye northeastward through Burdur, a distance of about 300 km. The research area is located in the Burdur segment of the fault zone. Here, the fault zone includes several parallel to subparallel fault branching and en-echelon faults that lie within a linear belt, as much as 20 km in width. The direction of movement in the fault zone has been oblique-slip in the left lateral sense. The basement of the study area consists of the Triassic-Eocene Lycian Nappes, the Eocene-Oligocene molasse sediments and the lower Miocene marine rocks. The Burdur basin contains two basin infills. The ancient and deformed basin fill is composed of lacustrine sediments of the upper Miocene-lower Pliocene age. The younger and undeformed basin fill comprises Plio-Quaternary alluvial fan and recent basin-floor deposits and unconformably overlies the ancient basin infill. The Burdur basin is bounded by the NE-SW trending, left lateral oblique-slip normal faults, the Karakent fault on the northwest and the Burdur fault on the southeast. These faults played a key role in the development of the Burdur basin as a pull-apart basin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burdur%20basin" title="Burdur basin">Burdur basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fethiye-Burdur%20fault%20zone" title=" Fethiye-Burdur fault zone"> Fethiye-Burdur fault zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left%20lateral%20oblique-slip%20fault" title=" left lateral oblique-slip fault"> left lateral oblique-slip fault</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Western%20Anatolia" title=" Western Anatolia"> Western Anatolia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44673/neotectonic-features-of-the-fethiye-burdur-fault-zone-between-kozluca-and-burdur-sw-anatolia-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">689</span> Synthetic Daily Flow Duration Curves for the Çoruh River Basin, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Can">Ibrahim Can</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20Tosuno%C4%9Flu"> Fatih Tosunoğlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The flow duration curve (FDC) is an informative method that represents the flow regime’s properties for a river basin. Therefore, the FDC is widely used for water resource projects such as hydropower, water supply, irrigation and water quality management. The primary purpose of this study is to obtain synthetic daily flow duration curves for Çoruh Basin, Turkey. For this aim, we firstly developed univariate auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) models for daily flows of 9 stations located in Çoruh basin and then these models were used to generate 100 synthetic flow series each having same size as historical series. Secondly, flow duration curves of each synthetic series were drawn and the flow values exceeded 10, 50 and 95 % of the time and 95% confidence limit of these flows were calculated. As a result, flood, mean and low flows potential of Çoruh basin will comprehensively be represented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARMA%20models" title="ARMA models">ARMA models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%87oruh%20basin" title=" Çoruh basin"> Çoruh basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20duration%20curve" title=" flow duration curve"> flow duration curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31172/synthetic-daily-flow-duration-curves-for-the-coruh-river-basin-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31172.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">688</span> Neotectonic Characteristics of the Western Part of Konya, Central Anatolia, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmi%20Aksoy">Rahmi Aksoy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The western part of Konya consists of an area of block faulted basin and ranges. Present day topography is characterized by alternating elongate mountains and depressions trending east-west. A number of depressions occur in the region. One of the large depressions is the E-W trending Kızılören-Küçükmuhsine (KK basin) basin bounded on both sides by normal faults and located on the west of the Konya city. The basin is about 5-12 km wide and 40 km long. Ranges north and south of the basin are composed of undifferentiated low grade metamorphic rocks of Silurian-Cretaceous age and smaller bodies of ophiolites of probable Cretaceous age. The basin fill consists of the upper Miocene-lower Pliocene fluvial, lacustrine, alluvial sediments and volcanic rocks. The younger and undeformed Plio-Quaternary basin fill unconformably overlies the older basin fill and is composed predominantly of conglomerate, mudstone, silt, clay and recent basin floor deposits. The paleostress data on the striated fault planes in the basin indicates NW-SE extension and associated with an NE-SW compression. The eastern end of the KK basin is cut and terraced by the active Konya fault zone. The Konya fault zone is NE trending, east dipping normal fault forming the western boundary of the Konya depression. The Konya depression consists mainly of Plio-Quaternary alluvial complex and recent basin floor sediments. The structural data gathered from the Konya fault zone support normal faulting with a small amount of dextral strike-slip tensional tectonic regime that shaped under the WNW-ESE extensional stress regime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20Anatolia" title="central Anatolia">central Anatolia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20kinematics" title=" fault kinematics"> fault kinematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%B6ren-K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCkmuhsine%20basin" title=" Kızılören-Küçükmuhsine basin"> Kızılören-Küçükmuhsine basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konya%20fault%20zone" title=" Konya fault zone"> Konya fault zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neotectonics" title=" neotectonics"> neotectonics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44672/neotectonic-characteristics-of-the-western-part-of-konya-central-anatolia-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44672.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">687</span> Hydrologic Balance and Surface Water Resources of the Cheliff-Zahrez Basin </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehaiguene%20Madjid">Mehaiguene Madjid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Touhari%20Fadhila"> Touhari Fadhila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meddi%20Mohamed"> Meddi Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Cheliff basin offers a good hydrological example for the possibility of studying the problem which elucidated in the future, because of the unclearity in several aspects and hydraulic installation. Thus, our study of the Cheliff basin is divided into two principal parts: The spatial evaluation of the precipitation: also, the understanding of the modes of the reconstitution of the resource in water supposes a good knowledge of the structuring of the precipitation fields in the studied space. In the goal of a good knowledge of revitalizes them in water and their management integrated one judged necessary to establish a precipitation card of the Cheliff basin for a good understanding of the evolution of the resource in water in the basin and that goes will serve as basis for all study of hydraulic planning in the Cheliff basin. Then, the establishment of the precipitation card of the Cheliff basin answered a direct need of setting to the disposition of the researchers for the region and a document of reference that will be completed therefore and actualized. The hydrological study, based on the statistical hydrometric data processing will lead us to specify the hydrological terms of the assessment hydrological and to clarify the fundamental aspects of the annual flow, seasonal, extreme and thus of their variability and resources surface water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrological%20assessment" title="hydrological assessment">hydrological assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20water%20resources" title=" surface water resources"> surface water resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheliff" title=" Cheliff"> Cheliff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36268/hydrologic-balance-and-surface-water-resources-of-the-cheliff-zahrez-basin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36268.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">686</span> Outcome-Based Water Resources Management in the Gash River Basin, Eastern Sudan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muna%20Mohamed%20Omer%20Mirghani">Muna Mohamed Omer Mirghani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper responds to one of the key national development strategies and a typical challenge in the Gash Basin as well as in different parts of Sudan, namely managing water scarcity in view of climate change impacts in minor water systems sustaining over 50% of the Sudan population. While now focusing on the Gash river basin, the ultimate aim is to replicate the same approach in similar water systems in central and west Sudan. The key objective of the paper is the identification of outcome-based water governance interventions in Gash Basin, guided by the global Sustainable Development Goal six (SDG 6 on water and sanitation) and the Sudan water resource policy framework. The paper concluded that improved water resources management of the Gash Basin is a prerequisite for ensuring desired policy outcomes of groundwater use and flood risk management purposes. Analysis of various water governance dimensions in the Gash indicated that the operationalization of a Basin-level institutional reform is critically focused on informed actors and adapted practices through knowledge and technologies along with the technical data and capacity needed to make that. Adapting the devolved Institutional structure at state level is recommended to strengthen the Gash basin regulatory function and improve compliance of groundwater users. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20governance" title="water governance">water governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gash%20Basin" title=" Gash Basin"> Gash Basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20groundwater%20management" title=" integrated groundwater management"> integrated groundwater management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudan" title=" Sudan"> Sudan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91378/outcome-based-water-resources-management-in-the-gash-river-basin-eastern-sudan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">685</span> Performance Evaluation of Single Basin Solar Still</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prem%20Singh">Prem Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagdeep%20Singh"> Jagdeep Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In an attempt to investigate the performance of single basin solar still for climate conditions of Ludhiana a single basin solar still was designed, fabricated and tested. The energy balance equations for various parts of the still are solved by Gauss-Seidel iteration method. Computer model was made and experimentally validated. The validated computer model was used to estimate the annual distillation yield and performance ratio of the still for Ludhiana. The Theoretical and experimental distillation yield were 4318.79 ml and 3850 ml, respectively for the typical day. The predicted distillation yield was 12.5% higher than the experimental yield. The annual distillation yield per square meter aperture area and annual performance ratio for single basin solar still is 1095 liters and 0.43 liters, respectively. The payback period for micro-stepped solar still is 2.5 years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20distillation" title="solar distillation">solar distillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20still" title=" solar still"> solar still</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20basin" title=" single basin"> single basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=still" title=" still"> still</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28282/performance-evaluation-of-single-basin-solar-still" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">684</span> Numerical Modeling of Flow in USBR II Stilling Basin with End Adverse Slope</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Babaali">Hamidreza Babaali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Mojtahedi"> Alireza Mojtahedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasim%20Soori"> Nasim Soori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba%20Soori"> Saba Soori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydraulic jump is one of the effective ways of energy dissipation in stilling basins that the &lrm;energy is highly dissipated by jumping. Adverse slope surface at the end stilling basin is &lrm;caused to increase energy dissipation and stability of the hydraulic jump. In this study, the adverse slope &lrm;has been added to end of United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) II stilling basin in hydraulic model of Nazloochay dam with scale 1:40, and flow simulated into stilling basin using Flow-3D &lrm;software. The numerical model is verified by experimental data of water depth in &lrm;stilling basin. Then, the parameters of water level profile, Froude Number, pressure, air &lrm;entrainment and turbulent dissipation investigated for discharging 300 m<sup>3</sup>/s using K-Ɛ and Re-Normalization Group (RNG) turbulence &lrm;models. The results showed a good agreement between numerical and experimental model&lrm; as &lrm;numerical model can be used to optimize of stilling basins.&lrm; <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20and%20numerical%20modelling" title="experimental and numerical modelling">experimental and numerical modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=end%20adverse%20slope" title=" end adverse slope"> end adverse slope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20%E2%80%8Eparameters" title=" flow ‎parameters"> flow ‎parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=USBR%20II%20stilling%20basin" title=" USBR II stilling basin"> USBR II stilling basin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93364/numerical-modeling-of-flow-in-usbr-ii-stilling-basin-with-end-adverse-slope" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">683</span> Preliminary Analysis for Oil and Gas Geological Characteristics and Exploration Prospects of Doseo Basin in Central Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haiqiang%20Song">Haiqiang Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huiqing%20Liu"> Huiqing Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Doseo basin in Chad, Central Africa is one of the most important oil and gas blocks in the world. However, the low degree of oil and gas exploration and the lack of relevant geological data restrict the understanding and resource evaluation of the basin. To further develop the Doseo basin efficiently, it is urgent to deeply analyze the source rock characteristics and hydrocarbon generation potential of the Doseo basin. Based on seismic and drilling data in recent years, this paper systematically evaluates the geochemical characteristics of source rocks and their generated oils in Doseo Basin, explores the development, distribution, and evolution characteristics of source rocks, and evaluates the exploration potential of Doseo Basin according to the hydrocarbon enrichment law. The results show that the Lower Cretaceous Baliemian and Apudian source rocks in Doseo Basin are well developed, with high organic matter abundance (average TOC≥3%) and good organic matter types (type I~II), which are the main development layers of source rocks, but the organic matter maturity is generally low (Ro of the drilled source rocks is mainly between 0.4%~0.8%). The planar structure also shows that the main hydrocarbon accumulation mode in Doseo sag is the forward tectonic reservoirs such as near source anticlines and faulted noses. Finally, it is estimated that the accumulative resources of the main source rocks in the Doseo Basin are about 4.33× 108T in Apudite and Balim terrace layers. The results of this study will help guide the next step of oil and gas exploration, which is expected to drive the next step of oil and gas development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doseo%20basin" title="Doseo basin">Doseo basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lower%20cretaceous" title=" lower cretaceous"> lower cretaceous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20rock%20characteristics" title=" source rock characteristics"> source rock characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developmental%20characteristics" title=" developmental characteristics"> developmental characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon%20generation%20potential" title=" hydrocarbon generation potential"> hydrocarbon generation potential</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158057/preliminary-analysis-for-oil-and-gas-geological-characteristics-and-exploration-prospects-of-doseo-basin-in-central-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">682</span> Hydrological Modelling to Identify Critical Erosion Areas in Gheshlagh Dam Basin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Golaleh%20Ghaffari">Golaleh Ghaffari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A basin sediment yield refers to the amount of sediment exported by a basin over a period of time, which will enter a reservoir located at the downstream limit of the basin. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT, 2008) was used to hydrology and sediment transport modeling at daily and monthly time steps within the Gheshlagh dam basin in north-west of Iran. The SWAT model and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were applied to evaluate basin hydrology and sediment yield using historical flow and sediment data and to identify and prioritize critical sub-basins based on sediment transport. The results of this study indicated that simulated daily discharge and sediment values matched the observed values satisfactorily. The model predicted that mean annual basin precipitation for the total study period (413 mm) was partitioned in to evapotranspiration (36%), percolation/groundwater recharge (21%) and stream water (25%), yielding 18% surface runoff. Potential source areas of erosion were also identified with the model. The range of the annual contributing erosive zones varied spatially from 0.1 to 103 t/ha according to the slope and land use at the basin scale. Also the fifteen sub basins create the 60% of the total sediment yield between the all (102) sub basins. The results of the study indicated that SWAT can be a useful tool for assessing hydrology and sediment yield response of the watersheds in the region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion" title="erosion">erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gheshlagh%20dam" title=" Gheshlagh dam"> Gheshlagh dam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediment%20yield" title=" sediment yield"> sediment yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SWAT" title=" SWAT "> SWAT </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33372/hydrological-modelling-to-identify-critical-erosion-areas-in-gheshlagh-dam-basin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">681</span> Determination and Distribution of Formation Thickness Using Seismic and Well Data in Baga/Lake Sub-basin, Chad Basin Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Efomeh%20Omolaiye">Gabriel Efomeh Omolaiye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olatunji%20Seminu"> Olatunji Seminu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jimoh%20Ajadi"> Jimoh Ajadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Ayoola%20Jimoh"> Yusuf Ayoola Jimoh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Nigerian part of the Chad Basin till date has been one of the few critically studied basins, with few published scholarly works, compared to other basins such as Niger Delta, Dahomey, etc. This work was undertaken by the integration of 3D seismic interpretations and the well data analysis of eight wells fairly distributed in block A, Baga/Lake sub-basin in Borno basin with the aim of determining the thickness of Chad, Kerri-Kerri, Fika, and Gongila Formations in the sub-basin. Da-1 well (type-well) used in this study was subdivided into stratigraphic units based on the regional stratigraphic subdivision of the Chad basin and was later correlated with other wells using similarity of observed log responses. The combined density and sonic logs were used to generate synthetic seismograms for seismic to well ties. Five horizons were mapped, representing the tops of the formations on the 3D seismic data covering the block; average velocity function with maximum error/residual of 0.48% was adopted in the time to depth conversion of all the generated maps. There is a general thickening of sediments from the west to the east, and the estimated thicknesses of the various formations in the Baga/Lake sub-basin are Chad Formation (400-750 m), Kerri-Kerri Formation (300-1200 m), Fika Formation (300-2200 m) and Gongila Formation (100-1300 m). The thickness of the Bima Formation could not be established because the deepest well (Da-1) terminates within the formation. This is a modification to the previous and widely referenced studies of over forty decades that based the estimation of formation thickness within the study area on the observed outcrops at different locations and the use of few well data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baga%2FLake%20sub-basin" title="Baga/Lake sub-basin">Baga/Lake sub-basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chad%20basin" title=" Chad basin"> Chad basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formation%20thickness" title=" formation thickness"> formation thickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic" title=" seismic"> seismic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity" title=" velocity"> velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135598/determination-and-distribution-of-formation-thickness-using-seismic-and-well-data-in-bagalake-sub-basin-chad-basin-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">680</span> Delineating Subsurface Linear Features and Faults Under Sedimentary Cover in the Bahira Basin Using Integrated Gravity and Magnetic Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Lghoul">M. Lghoul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20El%20Goumi"> N. El Goumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Guernouche"> M. Guernouche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to predict the structural and tectonic framework of the Bahira basin and to have a 3D geological modeling of the basin, an integrated multidisciplinary work has been conducted using gravity, magnetic and geological data. The objective of the current study is delineating the subsurfacefeatures, faults, and geological limits, using airborne magnetic and gravity data analysis of the Bahira basin. To achieve our goal, we have applied different enhanced techniques on magnetic and gravity data: power spectral analysis techniques, reduction to pole (RTP), upward continuation, analytical signal, tilt derivative, total horizontal derivative, 3D Euler deconvolutionand source parameter imagining. The major lineaments/faults trend are: NE–SW, NW-SE, ENE–WSW, and WNW–ESE. The 3D Euler deconvolution analysis highlighted a number of fault trend, mainly in the ENE-WSW, WNW-ESE directions. The depth tothe top of the basement sources in the study area ranges between 200 m, in the southern and northern part of the Bahira basin, to 5000 m located in the Eastern part of the basin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic" title="magnetic">magnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity" title=" gravity"> gravity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20trend" title=" structural trend"> structural trend</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depth%20to%20basement" title=" depth to basement"> depth to basement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147461/delineating-subsurface-linear-features-and-faults-under-sedimentary-cover-in-the-bahira-basin-using-integrated-gravity-and-magnetic-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">679</span> Insights into Kinematics and Basin Development through Palinspastic Reconstructions in Pull-Apart Basin Sunda Strait: Implication for the Opportunity of Hydrocarbon Exploration in Fore-Arc Basin, Western Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alfathony%20Krisnabudhi">Alfathony Krisnabudhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syahli%20Reza%20Ananda"> Syahli Reza Ananda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Edo%20Marshal"> M. Edo Marshal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Maaruf%20Mukti"> M. Maaruf Mukti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the kinematics and basin development of pull-apart basin Sunda Strait based on palinspastic reconstructions of new acquired seismic reflection data to unravel hydrocarbon exploration opportunity in frontier area, fore-arc basin western Indonesia. We use more than 780 km seismic reflection data that cover whole basin. Structural patterns in Sunda Strait are dominated by northwest-southeast trending planar and listric-normal faults which appear to be graben and half-graben system. The main depocentre of this basin is East Semangko graben and West Semangko graben that are formed by overstepping of Sumatra Fault Zone and Ujungkulon Fault Zone. In father east, another depocentre is recognized as the Krakatau graben. The kinematic evolution started in Middle Miocene, characterized by the initiation of basement faulting with 0% to 7.00% extension. Deposition stratigraphic unit 1 and unit 2 started at 7.00% to 10.00% extension in Late Miocene and recognized as pre-transtensional deposit. The Plio-Pleistocene unit 3 and 4 were deposited as syn-transtensional deposit with 10.00% to 17.00% extension contemporaneously with the initiation of uplift NW-SE trending ridges due to the evolution of cross-basin fault in central basin and the development of en-echelon basin margin in a transtensional system. The control of sedimentation rate and basin subsidence cause the Neogene sediment to be very thick. We suggest that both controls allow thermal and pressure to generate hydrocarbon habitats in the pre-transtensional deposits. It is reinforced by stable kinematic evolution and interpretation of the deposition environment of pre-transtensional deposits that are deposited in the marine environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematics" title="kinematics">kinematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palinspastic" title=" palinspastic"> palinspastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunda%20Strait" title=" Sunda Strait"> Sunda Strait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon%20exploration" title=" hydrocarbon exploration"> hydrocarbon exploration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fore-arc%20basin" title=" fore-arc basin"> fore-arc basin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93385/insights-into-kinematics-and-basin-development-through-palinspastic-reconstructions-in-pull-apart-basin-sunda-strait-implication-for-the-opportunity-of-hydrocarbon-exploration-in-fore-arc-basin-western-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">678</span> Petroleum Generative Potential of Eocene-Paleocene Sequences of Potwar Basin, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Bilawal%20Ali%20Shah">Syed Bilawal Ali Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The investigation of the hydrocarbon source rock potential of Eocene-Paleocene formations of Potwar Basin, part of Upper Indus Basin Pakistan, was done using geochemical and petrological techniques. Analysis was performed on forty-five core-cutting samples from two wells. The sequences analysed are Sakesar, Lockhart and Patala formations of Potwar Basin. Patala Formation is one of Potwar Basin's major petroleum-bearing source rocks. The Lockhart Formation samples VR (%Ro) and Tmax data indicate that the formation is early mature to immature for petroleum generation for hydrocarbon generation; samples from the Patala and Sakesar formations, however, have a peak oil generation window and an early maturity (oil window). With 3.37 weight percent mean TOC and HI levels up to 498 mg HC/g TOC, the source rock characteristics of the Sakesar and Patala formations generally exhibit good to very strong petroleum generative potential. The majority of sediments representing Lockhart Formation have 1.5 wt.% mean TOC having fair to good potential with HI values ranging between 203-498 mg HC/g TOC. 1. The analysed sediments of all formations possess primarily mixed Type II/III and Type III kerogen. Analysed sediments indicate that both the Sakesar and Patala formations can possess good oil-generation potential and may act as an oil source rock in the Potwar Basin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Potwar%20Basin" title="Potwar Basin">Potwar Basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patala%20Shale" title=" Patala Shale"> Patala Shale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rock-Eval%20pyrolysis" title=" Rock-Eval pyrolysis"> Rock-Eval pyrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indus%20Basin" title=" Indus Basin"> Indus Basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VR%20%25Ro" title=" VR %Ro"> VR %Ro</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179984/petroleum-generative-potential-of-eocene-paleocene-sequences-of-potwar-basin-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">677</span> Thermal Maturity and Hydrocarbon Generation Histories of the Silurian Tannezuft Shale Formation, Ghadames Basin, Northwestern Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emir%20Borovac">Emir Borovac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sedat%20I%CC%87nan"> Sedat İnan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Silurian Tannezuft Formation within the Ghadames Basin of Northwestern Libya, like other Silurian shales in North Africa and the Middle East, represents a significant prospect for unconventional hydrocarbon exploration. Unlike the more popular and extensively studied Sirt Basin, the Ghadames Basin remains underexplored, presenting untapped potential that warrants further investigation. This study focuses on the thermal maturity and hydrocarbon generation histories of the Tannezuft shales, utilizing calibrated basin modeling approaches. The Tannezuft shales are organic-rich and primarily contain Type II kerogen, especially in the basal layer, which contains up to 10 wt. % TOC, leading to its designation as ‘hot shale’. The research integrates geological, geochemical, and basin modeling data to elucidate the unconventional hydrocarbon potential of this formation, which is crucial given the global demand for energy and the need for new resources. By employing PetroMod software from Schlumberger, calibrated modeling results simulate hydrocarbon generation and migration within the Tannezuft shales. The findings suggest dual-phase hydrocarbon generation from the Lower Silurian Tannezuft source rock, related to deep burial prior to Hercynian orogeny and subsequent Alpine orogeny events. The Ghadames Basin's tectonic history, including major Hercynian and Alpine orogenies, has significantly influenced the generation, migration, and preservation of hydrocarbons, making the Ghadames Basin a promising area for further exploration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tanezzuft%20formation" title="tanezzuft formation">tanezzuft formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ghadames%20basin" title=" ghadames basin"> ghadames basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silurian%20hot%20shale" title=" silurian hot shale"> silurian hot shale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unconventional%20hydrocarbon" title=" unconventional hydrocarbon"> unconventional hydrocarbon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189237/thermal-maturity-and-hydrocarbon-generation-histories-of-the-silurian-tannezuft-shale-formation-ghadames-basin-northwestern-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">676</span> Legal Basis for Water Resources Management in Brazil: Case Study of the Rio Grande Basin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jana%C3%ADna%20F.%20Guidolini">Janaína F. Guidolini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20P.%20H.%20B.%20Ometto"> Jean P. H. B. Ometto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ang%C3%A9lica%20Giarolla"> Angélica Giarolla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20M.%20Toledo"> Peter M. Toledo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20A.%20Valera"> Carlos A. Valera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The water crisis, a major problem of the 21<sup>st</sup> century, occurs mainly due to poor management. The central issue that should govern the management is the integration of the various aspects that interfere with the use of water resources and their protection, supported by legal basis. A watershed is a unit of water interacting with the physical, biotic, social, economic and cultural variables. The Brazilian law recognized river basin as the territorial management unit. Based on the diagnosis of the current situation of the water resources of the Rio Grande Basin, a discussion informed in the Brazilian legal basis was made to propose measures to fight or mitigate damages and environmental degradation in the Basin. To manage water resources more efficiently, conserve water and optimize their multiple uses, the integration of acquired scientific knowledge and management is essential. Moreover, it is necessary to monitor compliance with environmental legislation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20of%20soil%20and%20water" title="conservation of soil and water">conservation of soil and water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20laws" title=" environmental laws"> environmental laws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20basin" title=" river basin"> river basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80436/legal-basis-for-water-resources-management-in-brazil-case-study-of-the-rio-grande-basin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">675</span> Channel Characteristics and Morphometry of a Part of Umtrew River, Meghalaya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pratyashi%20Phukan">Pratyashi Phukan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranjan%20Saikia"> Ranjan Saikia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Morphometry incorporates quantitative study of the area ,altitude,volume, slope profiles of a land and drainage basin characteristics of the area concerned.Fluvial geomorphology includes the consideration of linear,areal and relief aspects of a fluvially originated drainage basin. The linear aspect deals with the hierarchical orders of streams, numbers, and lenghts of stream segments and various relationship among them.The areal aspect includes the analysis of basin perimeters,basin shape, basin area, and related morphometric laws. The relief aspect incorporates besides hypsometric, climographic and altimetric analysis,the study of absolute and relative reliefs, relief ratios, average slope, etc. In this paper we have analysed the relationship among stream velocity, channel shape,sediment load,channel width,channel depth, etc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphometry" title="morphometry">morphometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20geometry" title=" hydraulic geometry"> hydraulic geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umtrew%20river" title=" Umtrew river"> Umtrew river</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meghalaya" title=" Meghalaya"> Meghalaya</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21928/channel-characteristics-and-morphometry-of-a-part-of-umtrew-river-meghalaya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">674</span> An Assesment of Unconventional Hydrocarbon Potential of the Silurian Dadaş Shales in Diyarbakır Basin, Türkiye</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ceren%20Sevimli">Ceren Sevimli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sedat%20%C4%B0nan"> Sedat İnan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Silurian Dadaş Formation within the Diyarbakir Basin in SE Türkiye, like other Silurian shales in North Africa and Middle East, represents a significant prospect for conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon exploration. The Diyarbakır Basin remains relatively underexplored, presenting untapped potential that warrants further investigation. This study focuses on the thermal maturity and hydrocarbon generation histories of the Silurian Dadaş shales, utilizing basin modeling approach. The Dadaş shales are organic-rich and contain mainly Type II kerogen, especially the basal layer contains up to 10 wt. %TOC and thus it is named as “hot shale”. The research integrates geological, geochemical, and basin modeling data to elucidate the unconventional hydrocarbon potential of this formation, which is crucial given the global demand for energy and the need for new resources. The data obtained from previous studies were used to calibrate basin model that has been established by using PetroMod software (Schlumberger). The calibrated model results suggest that Dadaş shales are in oil generation window and that the major episode for thermal maturation and hydrocarbon generation took place prior rot Alpine orogeny (uplift and erosion) The modeling results elucidate the burial history, maturity history, and hydrocarbon production history of the Silurian-aged Dadaş shales, as well as its hydrocarbon content in the area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dada%C5%9F%20formation" title="dadaş formation">dadaş formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diyarbak%C4%B1r%20basin" title=" diyarbakır basin"> diyarbakır basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silurian%20hot%20shale" title=" silurian hot shale"> silurian hot shale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unconventional%20hydrocarbon" title=" unconventional hydrocarbon"> unconventional hydrocarbon</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189223/an-assesment-of-unconventional-hydrocarbon-potential-of-the-silurian-dadas-shales-in-diyarbakir-basin-turkiye" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">673</span> Projection of Climate Change over the Upper Ping River Basin Using Regional Climate Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chakrit%20Chotamonsak">Chakrit Chotamonsak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20P.%20Salath%C3%A9%20Jr"> Eric P. Salathé Jr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiemjai%20Kreasuwan"> Jiemjai Kreasuwan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dynamical downscaling of the ECHAM5 global climate model is applied at 20-km horizontal resolution using the WRF regional climate model (WRF-ECHAM5), to project changes from 1990–2009 to 2045–2064 of temperature and precipitation over the Upper Ping River Basin. The analysis found that monthly changes in daily temperature and precipitation over the basin for the 2045-2064 compared to the 1990-2009 are revealed over the basin all months, with the largest warmer in December and the smallest warmer in February. The future simulated precipitation is smaller than that of the baseline value in May, July and August, while increasing of precipitation is revealed during pre-monsoon (April) and late monsoon (September and October). This means that the rainy season likely becomes longer and less intensified during the rainy season. During the cool-dry season and hot-dry season, precipitation is substantial increasing over the basin. For the annual cycle of changes in daily temperature and precipitation over the upper Ping River basin, the largest warmer in the mean temperature over the basin is 1.93 °C in December and the smallest is 0.77 °C in February. Increase in nighttime temperature (minimum temperature) is larger than that of daytime temperature (maximum temperature) during the dry season, especially in wintertime (November to February), resulted in decreasing the diurnal temperature range. The annual and seasonal changes in daily temperature and precipitation averaged over the basin. The annual mean rising are 1.43, 1.54 and 1.30 °C for mean temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature, respectively. The increasing of maximum temperature is larger than that of minimum temperature in all months during the dry season (November to April). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title="climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20climate%20model" title=" regional climate model"> regional climate model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20Ping%20River%20basin" title=" upper Ping River basin"> upper Ping River basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WRF" title=" WRF"> WRF</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35887/projection-of-climate-change-over-the-upper-ping-river-basin-using-regional-climate-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35887.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">672</span> Sustainable Transboundary Water Management: Challenges and Good Practices of Cooperation in International River Basin Districts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandra%20Ibragimow">Aleksandra Ibragimow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moritz%20Albrecht"> Moritz Albrecht</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eerika%20Albrecht"> Eerika Albrecht</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Close international cooperation between all countries within a river basin has become one of the key aspects of sustainable cross-border water management. This is due to the fact that water does not stop at administrative or political boundaries. Therefore, the preferred mode to protect and manage transnational water bodies is close cooperation between all countries and stakeholders within the natural hydrological unit of the river basin. However, past practices have demonstrated that combining interests of different countries and stakeholders with differing political systems and management approaches to environmental issues upstream as well as downstream can be challenging. The study focuses on particular problems and challenges of water management in international river basin districts by the example of the International Oder River Basin District. The Oder River is one of the largest cross-border rivers of the Baltic Sea basin passing through Poland, Germany, and the Czech Republic. Attention is directed towards the activities and the actions that were carried out during the Districts' first management cycle of transnational river basin management (2009-2015). The results show that actions of individual countries have been focused on the National Water Management Plans while a common appointment about identified supra-regional water management problems has not been solved, and conducted actions can be considered as preliminary and merely a basis for future management. This present state raises the question whether the achievement of main objectives of Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) can be a realistic task. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=International%20River%20Basin%20Districts" title="International River Basin Districts">International River Basin Districts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management" title=" water management"> water management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20frameworkdirective" title=" water frameworkdirective"> water frameworkdirective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management%20plans" title=" water management plans"> water management plans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51903/sustainable-transboundary-water-management-challenges-and-good-practices-of-cooperation-in-international-river-basin-districts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">671</span> Effects of Urbanization on Land Use/Land Cover and Stream Flow of a Sub-Tropical River Basin of India </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satyavati%20Shukla">Satyavati Shukla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhan%20V.%20Rathod"> Lakhan V. Rathod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohan%20V.%20Khire"> Mohan V. Khire</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid urbanization changes the land use/land cover pattern of a developing region. Due to these land surface changes, stream flow of the rivers also changes. It is important to investigate the factors affecting hydrological characteristics of the river basin for better river basin management planning. This study is aimed to understand the effect of Land Use/Land Cover (LU/LC) changes on stream flow of Upper Bhima River basin which is highly stressed in terms of water resources. In this study, Upper Bhima River basin is divided into two adjacent sub-watersheds: Mula-Mutha (urbanized) sub-watershed and Bhima (non-urbanized) sub-watershed. First of all, LU/LC changes were estimated over 1980, 2002, and 2009 for both Mula-Mutha and Bhima sub-watersheds. Further, stream flow simulations were done using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for the streams draining both watersheds. Results revealed that stream flow was relatively higher for urbanized sub-watershed. Through Sensitivity Analysis it was observed that out of all the parameters used, base flow was the most sensitive parameter towards LU/LC changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use%2Fland%20cover" title="land use/land cover">land use/land cover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stream%20flow" title=" stream flow"> stream flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44757/effects-of-urbanization-on-land-useland-cover-and-stream-flow-of-a-sub-tropical-river-basin-of-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">670</span> Geology, Geomorphology and Genesis of Andarokh Karstic Cave, North-East Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Heydarizad">Mojtaba Heydarizad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Andarokh basin is one of the main karstic regions in Khorasan Razavi province NE Iran. This basin is part of Kopeh-Dagh mega zone extending from Caspian Sea in the east to northern Afghanistan in the west. This basin is covered by Mozdooran Formation, Ngr evaporative formation and quaternary alluvium deposits in descending order of age. Mozdooran carbonate formation is notably karstified. The main surface karstic features in Mozdooran formation are Groove karren, Cleft karren, Rain pit, Rill karren, Tritt karren, Kamintza, Domes, and Table karren. In addition to surface features, deep karstic feature Andarokh Cave also exists in the region. Studying Ca, Mg, Mn, Sr, Fe concentration and Sr/Mn ratio in Mozdooran formation samples with distance to main faults and joints system using PCA analyses demonstrates intense meteoric digenesis role in controlling carbonate rock geochemistry. The karst evaluation in Andarokh basin varies from early stages 'deep seated karst' in Mesozoic to mature karstic system 'Exhumed karst' in quaternary period. Andarokh cave (the main cave in Andarokh basin) is rudimentary branch work consists of three passages of A, B and C and two entrances Andarokh and Sky. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andarokh%20basin" title="Andarokh basin">Andarokh basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andarokh%20cave" title=" Andarokh cave"> Andarokh cave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geochemical%20analyses" title=" geochemical analyses"> geochemical analyses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=karst%20evaluation" title=" karst evaluation"> karst evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86350/geology-geomorphology-and-genesis-of-andarokh-karstic-cave-north-east-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86350.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karoo%20Basin&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karoo%20Basin&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karoo%20Basin&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karoo%20Basin&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karoo%20Basin&page=6">6</a></li> <li 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