CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>9th century - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )simplewikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"ea2e9756-4d63-43ae-8e74-0dedb1a7e1bf","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"9th_century","wgTitle":"9th century","wgCurRevisionId":9154011,"wgRevisionId":9154011,"wgArticleId":15635,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["9th century"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"9th_century","wgRelevantArticleId":15635,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q8083","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.20"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="9th century - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/9th_century"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="change this page" href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//simple.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/9th_century"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.simple"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-9th_century rootpage-9th_century skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Getting around </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_start" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things"><span>Simple start</span></a></li><li id="n-Simple-talk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Simple_talk"><span>Simple talk</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="The list of new changes in the wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>New changes</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Show any page [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Show any page</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="The place to get help"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us"><span>Contact us</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-simple.svg" width="101" height="18" style="width: 6.3125em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=simple.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Give to Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=9th+century" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=9th+century" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=simple.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Give to Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=9th+century" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=9th+century" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about changes from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Significant_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Significant_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Significant people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Significant_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inventions,_discoveries,_introductions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inventions,_discoveries,_introductions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Inventions, discoveries, introductions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inventions,_discoveries,_introductions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decades_and_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decades_and_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Decades and years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decades_and_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_pages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_pages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Related pages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_pages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">9th century</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 132 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-132" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">132 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/9de_eeu" title="9de eeu – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="9de eeu" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Jahrhundert" title="9. Jahrhundert – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="9. Jahrhundert" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E1%8A%9B%E1%8B%8D_%E1%88%9D%E1%8B%95%E1%89%B0_%E1%8B%93%E1%88%98%E1%89%B5" title="9ኛው ምዕተ ዓመት – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="9ኛው ምዕተ ዓመት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_9" title="القرن 9 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القرن 9" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglo_IX" title="Sieglo IX – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sieglo IX" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieglu_IX" title="Sieglu IX – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sieglu IX" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%80%D1%83" title="IX гӀасру – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="IX гӀасру" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%C9%99sr" title="IX əsr – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="IX əsr" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B9._%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84" title="۹. یوز ایل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۹. یوز ایل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-9" title="Abad ka-9 – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Abad ka-9" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_s%C3%A8-k%C3%AD" title="9 sè-kí – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="9 sè-kí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_kaping-9" title="Abad kaping-9 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Abad kaping-9" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="IX стагоддзе – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="IX стагоддзе" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="IX стагодзьдзе – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="IX стагодзьдзе" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="9 век – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="9 век" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._vijek" title="9. vijek – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="9. vijek" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/IXvet_kantved" title="IXvet kantved – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="IXvet kantved" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segle_IX" title="Segle IX – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Segle IX" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%C4%95%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%80" title="IX ĕмĕр – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="IX ĕмĕр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._stolet%C3%AD" title="9. století – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="9. století" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/9fed_ganrif" title="9fed ganrif – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="9fed ganrif" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%C3%A5rhundrede" title="9. århundrede – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="9. århundrede" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Jahrhundert" title="9. Jahrhundert – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="9. Jahrhundert" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._sajand" title="9. sajand – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="9. sajand" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82" title="9ος αιώνας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="9ος αιώνας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_s%C3%A9col" title="IX sécol – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="IX sécol" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9th_century" title="9th century – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="9th century" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="IX пинге – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="IX пинге" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siglo_IX" title="Siglo IX – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Siglo IX" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-a_jarcento" title="9-a jarcento – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="9-a jarcento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigru_IX" title="Sigru IX – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sigru IX" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX._mendea" title="IX. mendea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="IX. mendea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AF%D9%87_%DB%B9_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="سده ۹ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سده ۹ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%C3%B8ld" title="9. øld – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="9. øld" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IXe_si%C3%A8cle" title="IXe siècle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="IXe siècle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/9e_iuw" title="9e iuw – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="9e iuw" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%C3%BA_haois" title="9ú haois – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="9ú haois" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/9oo_eash" title="9oo eash – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="9oo eash" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/9mh_Linn" title="9mh Linn – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="9mh Linn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_IX" title="Século IX – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Século IX" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="9世紀 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="9世紀" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="9세기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="9세기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-%D6%80%D5%A4_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80" title="9-րդ դար – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="9-րդ դար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="९वीं शताब्दी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="९वीं शताब्दी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._stolje%C4%87e" title="9. stoljeće – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="9. stoljeće" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/9ma_yarcento" title="9ma yarcento – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="9ma yarcento" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ke-9" title="Abad ke-9 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Abad ke-9" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seculo_9" title="Seculo 9 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Seculo 9" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%C3%B6ldin" title="9. öldin – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="9. öldin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_secolo" title="IX secolo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="IX secolo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94-9" title="המאה ה-9 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המאה ה-9" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ping_9" title="Abad ping 9 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Abad ping 9" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="IX საუკუნე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="IX საუკუნე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="IX ғасыр – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="IX ғасыр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/9ves_kansbledhen" title="9ves kansbledhen – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="9ves kansbledhen" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karne_ya_9" title="Karne ya 9 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Karne ya 9" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-eafa_decemda" title="9-eafa decemda – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="9-eafa decemda" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedsala_9an" title="Sedsala 9an – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sedsala 9an" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saeculum_9" title="Saeculum 9 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Saeculum 9" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._gadsimts" title="9. gadsimts – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="9. gadsimts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Joerhonnert" title="9. Joerhonnert – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="9. Joerhonnert" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%88_%D0%B9%D0%B8%D1%81" title="IX виш йис – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="IX виш йис" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_am%C5%BEius" title="IX amžius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="IX amžius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_secolo" title="IX secolo – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="IX secolo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negende_iew" title="Negende iew – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Negende iew" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentenio_9" title="Sentenio 9 – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Sentenio 9" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9cul_IX" title="Sécul IX – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sécul IX" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._sz%C3%A1zad" title="9. század – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="9. század" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="9 век – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="9 век" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rautau_9" title="Rautau 9 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Rautau 9" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8.%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A5%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95" title="इ.स.चे ९ वे शतक – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स.चे ९ वे शतक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="IX ოშწანურა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="IX ოშწანურა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%86_9" title="قرن 9 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قرن 9" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ke-9" title="Abad ke-9 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Abad ke-9" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_si%C3%A9-g%C4%AB" title="9 sié-gī – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="9 sié-gī" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%89_%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="၉ ရာစုနှစ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၉ ရာစုနှစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macuilpohualxihuitl_IX" title="Macuilpohualxihuitl IX – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Macuilpohualxihuitl IX" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9e_eeuw" title="9e eeuw – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="9e eeuw" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9e_eeuw" title="9e eeuw – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="9e eeuw" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="9世紀 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="9世紀" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_seculo" title="IX seculo – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="IX seculo" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B1%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BE" title="IX бӀешо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="IX бӀешо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._juarhunert" title="9. juarhunert – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="9. juarhunert" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%C3%A5rhundre" title="9. århundre – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="9. århundre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/800-talet" title="800-talet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="800-talet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/IXe_s." title="IXe s. – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="IXe s." data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8gle_IX" title="Sègle IX – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sègle IX" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="IX курым – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="IX курым" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_asr" title="IX asr – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="IX asr" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%BA_%D8%B5%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="نويں صدی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نويں صدی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9col_ch%27a_fa_IX_dGC" title="Sécol ch'a fa IX dGC – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Sécol ch'a fa IX dGC" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Johrhunnert" title="9. Johrhunnert – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="9. Johrhunnert" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_wiek" title="IX wiek – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="IX wiek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_IX" title="Século IX – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Século IX" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secolul_al_IX-lea" title="Secolul al IX-lea – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Secolul al IX-lea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_%C3%B1iqin_pachakwata" title="9 ñiqin pachakwata – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="9 ñiqin pachakwata" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX._%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B0" title="IX. стороча – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="IX. стороча" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="IX век – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="IX век" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%8D" title="IX үйэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="IX үйэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._Jierhunnert" title="9. Jierhunnert – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="9. Jierhunnert" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngwagakgolo_9" title="Ngwagakgolo 9 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Ngwagakgolo 9" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekulli_IX" title="Shekulli IX – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shekulli IX" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A8culu_IX" title="Sèculu IX – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sèculu IX" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._storo%C4%8Die" title="9. storočie – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="9. storočie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._stoletje" title="9. stoletje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="9. stoletje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%AF%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%86%DB%8C%DB%95%D9%85" title="سەدەی نۆیەم – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سەدەی نۆیەم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="9. век – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="9. век" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._vijek" title="9. vijek – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="9. vijek" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abad_ka-9" title="Abad ka-9 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Abad ka-9" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/800-luku" title="800-luku – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="800-luku" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/800-talet" title="800-talet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="800-talet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-9_na_dantaon" title="Ika-9 na dantaon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ika-9 na dantaon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="9-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="9-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%80" title="IX гасыр – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="IX гасыр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%82%81%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%81%A2%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87_9" title="ပီႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 9 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ပီႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 9" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_9" title="คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 9 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คริสต์ศตวรรษที่ 9" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B8_IX" title="Садаи IX – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Садаи IX" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._y%C3%BCzy%C4%B1l" title="9. yüzyıl – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="9. yüzyıl" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-njy_asyr" title="9-njy asyr – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="9-njy asyr" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F" title="IX століття – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="IX століття" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%BA_%D8%B5%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="نویں صدی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نویں صدی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_secolo" title="IX secolo – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="IX secolo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_k%E1%BB%B7_9" title="Thế kỷ 9 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thế kỷ 9" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/9._aastagasada" title="9. aastagasada – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="9. aastagasada" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/9inme_sieke" title="9inme sieke – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="9inme sieke" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ika-9_nga_gatostuig" title="Ika-9 nga gatostuig – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ika-9 nga gatostuig" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="9世纪 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="9世纪" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%99%22%D7%94" title="9טער י"ה – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="9טער י"ה" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="9世紀 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="9世紀" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seserra_9ine" title="Seserra 9ine – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Seserra 9ine" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/IX_om%C5%BEios" title="IX omžios – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="IX omžios" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/9%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="9世纪 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="9世纪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8083#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/9th_century" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:9th_century&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion about the content page (not yet started) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/9th_century"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&veaction=edit" title="Edit this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Change</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Change source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/9th_century"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&veaction=edit" title="Edit this page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Change</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Change source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/9th_century" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/9th_century" rel="nofollow" title="New changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&oldid=9154011" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=9th_century&id=9154011&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F9th_century"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F9th_century"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=9th+century"><span>Make a book</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=9th_century&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Page for printing</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:9th_century" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8083" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#f0f0f0"> <th style="text-align:right;">Millennium: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/1st_millennium" title="1st millennium">1st millennium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;">Centuries: </th> <td class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8th_century" title="8th century">8th century</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">9th century</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_century" title="10th century">10th century</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f0f0"> <th style="text-align:right;">Timelines: </th> <td class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8th_century#Events" title="8th century">8th century</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Events">9th century</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_century#Events" title="10th century">10th century</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f0f0"> <th style="text-align:right;">State leaders: </th> <td class="hlist"> <ul><li>8th century</li> <li><b>9th century</b></li> <li>10th century</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades" title="List of decades">Decades</a>: </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122542">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=800s_(decade)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="800s (decade) (not yet started)">800s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/810s" title="810s">810s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/820s" title="820s">820s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/830s" title="830s">830s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/840s" title="840s">840s</a></li></ul></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122542" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/850s" title="850s">850s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/860s" title="860s">860s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/870s" title="870s">870s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/880s" title="880s">880s</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/890s" title="890s">890s</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#f0f0f0"> <th style="text-align:right;">Categories: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Category:9th-century_births" title="Category:9th-century births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:9th-century_deaths" title="Category:9th-century deaths">Deaths</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Category:9th-century_establishments" title="Category:9th-century establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:9th-century_disestablishments" title="Category:9th-century disestablishments">Disestablishments</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> The <b>9th century</b> was the <a href="/wiki/Century" title="Century">century</a> from <a href="/wiki/801" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="801">801</a> to <a href="/wiki/900" title="900">900</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Events" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Events"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:East-Hem_800ad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/East-Hem_800ad.jpg/300px-East-Hem_800ad.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/East-Hem_800ad.jpg/450px-East-Hem_800ad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/East-Hem_800ad.jpg/600px-East-Hem_800ad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="1903" /></a><figcaption>Eastern Hemisphere at the beginning of the 9th century.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:East-Hem_900ad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/East-Hem_900ad.jpg/300px-East-Hem_900ad.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/East-Hem_900ad.jpg/450px-East-Hem_900ad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/East-Hem_900ad.jpg/600px-East-Hem_900ad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="1903" /></a><figcaption>Eastern Hemisphere at the end of the 9th century.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>An unknown event causes the decline of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_Classical_Era&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maya Classical Era (not yet started)">Maya Classical Era</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beowulf" title="Beowulf">Beowulf</a> might have been written down in this century. It could also have been in the 8th century.</li> <li>Reign of <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolingian_Renaissance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carolingian Renaissance (not yet started)">Carolingian Renaissance</a> in Western Europe.</li> <li>Large-scale <a href="/wiki/Viking" class="mw-redirect" title="Viking">Viking</a> attacks on Europe begin.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oseberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oseberg (not yet started)">Oseberg</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ship_burial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ship burial (not yet started)">ship burial</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Magyars" class="mw-redirect" title="Magyars">Magyars</a> begin their conquest of <a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Pannonia</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tukolor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tukolor (not yet started)">Tukolor</a> settle in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Senegal_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senegal (river) (not yet started)">Senegal</a> river valley.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> traders settle in the northwest and southeast of <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/800" title="800">800</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> is crowned emperor of Rome by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_III" title="Pope Leo III">Pope Leo III</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/800" title="800">800</a>: Arab fleet sails up the <a href="/wiki/Tiber" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiber">Tiber</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/800" title="800">800</a> – <a href="/wiki/909" title="909">909</a>: Rule of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aghlabids&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aghlabids (not yet started)">Aghlabids</a> as an independent Muslim dynasty in North Africa, with their capital at <a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802 (not yet started)">802</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jayavarman_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jayavarman II (not yet started)">Jayavarman II</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Khmer_people" title="Khmer people">Khmer people</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a> founds the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khmer_empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khmer empire (not yet started)">Khmer empire</a> and make the Angkorian dynasty.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=803&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="803 (not yet started)">803</a>: Construction on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leshan_Giant_Buddha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leshan Giant Buddha (not yet started)">Leshan Giant Buddha</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tang_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Tang Dynasty">Tang Dynasty</a> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> is complete, after 90 years of rock-carving on a massive cliff-side.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=805&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="805 (not yet started)">805</a> - <a href="/wiki/820" title="820">820</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tang_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Tang Dynasty">Tang Dynasty</a> was under the rule of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emperor_Xianzong_of_Tang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emperor Xianzong of Tang (not yet started)">Emperor Xianzong of Tang</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=809&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="809 (not yet started)">809</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=815&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="815 (not yet started)">815</a>: War between the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine empire">Byzantine empire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=811&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="811 (not yet started)">811</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Pliska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Pliska (not yet started)">Battle of Pliska</a> fought between a Byzantine force led by emperor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicephorus_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicephorus I (not yet started)">Nicephorus I</a> and a <a href="/wiki/First_Bulgarian_Empire" title="First Bulgarian Empire">Bulgarian</a> army commanded by Khan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krum (not yet started)">Krum</a>. Byzantines are defeated in a series of engagements, ending with the death of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicephorus_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicephorus I (not yet started)">Nicephorus I</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=813&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="813 (not yet started)">813</a>: In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Versinikia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Versinikia (not yet started)">Battle of Versinikia</a> the Byzantines are heavily defeated by the Bulgarians.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=813&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="813 (not yet started)">813</a>: China was reunited.</li> <li>c. <a href="/w/index.php?title=813&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="813 (not yet started)">813</a> – c. <a href="/wiki/915" title="915">915</a>: Period of serious Arab naval raids on shores of Tyrrhenian and Adriatic seas.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/814" title="814">814</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> dies at <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=815&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="815 (not yet started)">815</a>: The 30-year <a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_815&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of 815 (not yet started)">Treaty of 815</a> between Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire end the battles between the two countries.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=824&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="824 (not yet started)">824</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Han_Yu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Han Yu (not yet started)">Han Yu</a> died.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=827&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="827 (not yet started)">827</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=902&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="902 (not yet started)">902</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aghlabid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aghlabid (not yet started)">Aghlabid</a> dynasty colonises <a href="/wiki/Emirate" title="Emirate">emirates</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> and then raids Southern Italy.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=830&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="830 (not yet started)">830</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Wisdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="House of Wisdom (not yet started)">House of Wisdom</a>, a library and translation institute, made by <a href="/wiki/Al-Ma%27mun" title="Al-Ma'mun">al-Ma'mun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abbasid" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbasid">Abbasid</a> <a href="/wiki/Caliph" title="Caliph">caliph</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> to transfer the knowledge of Greeks, Persians, Indians, etc. to Muslim world. Also <a href="/wiki/The_Compendious_Book_on_Calculation_by_Completion_and_Balancing" title="The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing">The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing</a> which is one of the book of <a href="/wiki/Algebra" title="Algebra">algebra</a> is written by <a href="/wiki/Al-Khwarizmi" title="Al-Khwarizmi">Al-Khwarizmi</a> who worked there.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=835&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="835 (not yet started)">835</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ganlu_Incident&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ganlu Incident (not yet started)">Ganlu Incident</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=840&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="840 (not yet started)">840</a>: Death of <a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Pious" title="Louis the Pious">Louis the Pious</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/841" title="841">841</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a> is founded on the east coast of Ireland by the <a href="/wiki/Vikings" title="Vikings">Vikings</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/843" title="843">843</a>: The three sons of <a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Pious" title="Louis the Pious">Louis the Pious</a> reach an agreement known as the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Verdun" title="Treaty of Verdun">Treaty of Verdun</a>. They split the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carolingian_empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carolingian empire (not yet started)">Carolingian empire</a> into three divisions; <a href="/wiki/East_Francia" title="East Francia">East Francia</a> was given to <a href="/wiki/Louis_the_German" title="Louis the German">Louis the German</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Francia" title="West Francia">West Francia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Bald" title="Charles the Bald">Charles the Bald</a> and <a href="/wiki/Middle_Francia" title="Middle Francia">Middle Francia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Lothair_I" title="Lothair I">Lothair I</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=845&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="845 (not yet started)">845</a>: <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> is banned in China.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=846&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="846 (not yet started)">846</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=859&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="859 (not yet started)">859</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emperor_Xu%C4%81nzong_of_Tang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emperor Xuānzong of Tang (not yet started)">Emperor Xuānzong of Tang</a> ruled. He was considered the last capable emperor of <a href="/wiki/Tang_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Tang Dynasty">Tang Dynasty</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=848&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="848 (not yet started)">848</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=852&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="852 (not yet started)">852</a>: The west bank of the <a href="/wiki/Tiber" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiber">Tiber</a> is added into the city of <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Defensive_wall" title="Defensive wall">defensive wall</a>, commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_IV" title="Pope Leo IV">Pope Leo IV</a>, is built around what came to be called the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonine_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonine City (not yet started)">Leonine City</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/850" title="850">850</a> – <a href="/wiki/875" title="875">875</a>: The first <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norseman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norseman (not yet started)">Norse settlers</a> arrive on <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=851&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="851 (not yet started)">851</a>: The Arab merchant Suleiman al-Tajir visits the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Seaport" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaport">seaport</a> at <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a> in southern China. He sees the making of <a href="/wiki/Porcelain" title="Porcelain">porcelain</a>, the Islamic <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> built at Guangzhou, the <a href="/wiki/Granary" title="Granary">granary</a> system of the city, and how its <a href="/wiki/Municipal" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal">municipal</a> administration worked.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=859&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="859 (not yet started)">859</a>: Muslims make the <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Al_Karaouine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Al Karaouine (not yet started)">University of Al Karaouine</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">madrasa</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fez,_Morocco" title="Fez, Morocco">Fez, Morocco</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=862&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="862 (not yet started)">862</a>: The beginning of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rurik_Dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rurik Dynasty (not yet started)">Rurik Dynasty</a> in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="863 (not yet started)">863</a>: The Chinese author <a href="/w/index.php?title=Duan_Chengshi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duan Chengshi (not yet started)">Duan Chengshi</a> describes the <a href="/wiki/Slave_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Slave trade">slave trade</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivory_trade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivory trade (not yet started)">ivory trade</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ambergris" title="Ambergris">ambergris</a> trade of <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> in <a href="/wiki/East_Africa" title="East Africa">East Africa</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=862&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="862 (not yet started)">862</a>: The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagratuni_Dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagratuni Dynasty (not yet started)">Bagratuni Dynasty</a> of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medieval_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medieval Armenia (not yet started)">Medieval Armenia</a> begins with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashot_I_of_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashot I of Armenia (not yet started)">Ashot I</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="863 (not yet started)">863</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=879&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="879 (not yet started)">879</a>: Period of split between eastern and western churches.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=864&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="864 (not yet started)">864</a>: <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianization</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_I_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boris I of Bulgaria (not yet started)">Boris I</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=867&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="867 (not yet started)">867</a>: Onward Revival of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_dynasty" title="Macedonian dynasty">Macedonian dynasty</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=868&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="868 (not yet started)">868</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_ibn_Tulun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad ibn Tulun (not yet started)">Ahmad ibn Tulun</a> breaks away from the <a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a> and establishes the independent <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulunid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tulunid (not yet started)">Tulunid</a> dynasty.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=869&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="869 (not yet started)">869</a>: An <a href="/w/index.php?title=869_Jogan_Sanriku_earthquake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="869 Jogan Sanriku earthquake (not yet started)">earthquake and tsunami</a> struck <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>'s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanriku_Coast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanriku Coast (not yet started)">Sanriku coast</a>, killing 1,000 people.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/870" title="870">870</a>: <a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a> founded.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/871" title="871">871</a> – <a href="/wiki/899" title="899">899</a>: Reign of <a href="/wiki/Alfred_the_Great" title="Alfred the Great">Alfred the Great</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/875" title="875">875</a> – <a href="/w/index.php?title=884&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="884 (not yet started)">884</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Chao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Chao (not yet started)">Huang Chao</a> leads an unsuccessful rebellion against the <a href="/wiki/Tang_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Tang Dynasty">Tang Dynasty</a> in China.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=878&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="878 (not yet started)">878</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ethandun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Ethandun (not yet started)">Battle of Ethandun</a> ends in the victory of <a href="/wiki/Alfred_the_Great" title="Alfred the Great">Alfred the Great</a> over the Danish warlord <a href="/wiki/Guthrum" title="Guthrum">Guthrum</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/885" title="885">885</a>: Arrival of the disciples of SS. Cyril and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Methodius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Methodius (not yet started)">Methodius</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clement_of_Ohrid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clement of Ohrid (not yet started)">Clement of Ohrid</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naum_of_Preslav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naum of Preslav (not yet started)">Naum of Preslav</a> in Bulgaria. Development of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyrillic_Alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyrillic Alphabet (not yet started)">Cyrillic Alphabet</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/893" title="893">893</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Council_of_Preslav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Council of Preslav (not yet started)">Council of Preslav</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vladimir of Bulgaria (not yet started)">Vladimir-Rasate</a> is dethroned and succeeded as Prince of Bulgaria by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simeon_I_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simeon I of Bulgaria (not yet started)">Simeon I</a>. The capital is moved from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pliska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pliska (not yet started)">Pliska</a> to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Preslav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Preslav (not yet started)">Preslav</a>. The Byzantine clergy is made to leave and replaced by Bulgarian. <a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">Old Church Slavonic</a> becomes the official language of the country.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=895&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="895 (not yet started)">895</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=896&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="896 (not yet started)">896</a>: The year of the <a href="/wiki/Magyars" class="mw-redirect" title="Magyars">Magyars</a> arrival in <a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Pannonia</a>. This year is widely accepted as the beginning of the Hungarian "Landtaking"</li> <li>Late 9th century: <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> goes from the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Epirus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epirus (not yet started)">Epirus</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bosnia_(region)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bosnia (region) (not yet started)">Bosnia</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, some cities became free republics: for instance <a href="/wiki/Forl%C3%AC" title="Forlì">Forlì</a>, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=889&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="889 (not yet started)">889</a>.</li> <li>The Christian <a href="/wiki/Nubia" title="Nubia">Nubian</a> kingdom reaches its peak of prosperity and military power.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_I_of_Norway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harald I of Norway (not yet started)">Harald Fairhair</a> wins the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Hafrsfjord&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Hafrsfjord (not yet started)">battle of Hafrsfjord</a>. <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> was made into one kingdom.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess" title="Chess">Chess</a> reaches <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Warm_Period" title="Medieval Warm Period">Medieval Warm Period</a> begins.</li> <li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coptic_period&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coptic period (not yet started)">Coptic period</a>, at its most broad definition, ends.</li> <li>Page from <a href="/wiki/Koran" class="mw-redirect" title="Koran">Koran</a> (Surah II:286 and title Surah III) in <a href="/wiki/Kufic" title="Kufic">kufic</a> script, from <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, is made. It is now kept at The <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.</li> <li>Late 9th century – <a href="/wiki/Pallava_dynasty" title="Pallava dynasty">Pallava</a> dynasty ends in <a href="/wiki/Southern_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern India">Southern India</a>.</li> <li>Late 9th century - Womb World mandala, <a href="/w/index.php?title=To-ji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="To-ji (not yet started)">To-ji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>, is made. <a href="/wiki/Heian_period" title="Heian period">Heian period</a>.</li> <li>9th – 10th century – Bowl with kufic border, from <a href="/wiki/Samarkand" title="Samarkand">Samarkand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a>, is made. It is now kept at <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laguna_Copperplate_Inscription" title="Laguna Copperplate Inscription">Laguna Copperplate Inscription</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kavi (not yet started)">Kavi</a> script, inscribed in <a href="/wiki/Luzon" title="Luzon">Luzon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, dated <i>Saka year 822</i> (<a href="/wiki/900" title="900">900</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Significant_people">Significant people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Significant people" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Significant people"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Karl_der_Grosse_-_Pippin_von_Italien.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Karl_der_Grosse_-_Pippin_von_Italien.jpg/220px-Karl_der_Grosse_-_Pippin_von_Italien.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="346" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Karl_der_Grosse_-_Pippin_von_Italien.jpg/330px-Karl_der_Grosse_-_Pippin_von_Italien.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Karl_der_Grosse_-_Pippin_von_Italien.jpg/440px-Karl_der_Grosse_-_Pippin_von_Italien.jpg 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a> (left) and Pippin the Hunchback. 10th-century copy of a lost original from about 830.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Climent_of_Ohrid.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Climent_of_Ohrid.jpg/200px-Climent_of_Ohrid.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Climent_of_Ohrid.jpg/300px-Climent_of_Ohrid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Climent_of_Ohrid.jpg/400px-Climent_of_Ohrid.jpg 2x" data-file-width="471" data-file-height="629" /></a><figcaption>Saint Clement of Ohrid</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adi_Sankara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adi Sankara (not yet started)">Adi Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Jahiz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Jahiz (not yet started)">Al-Jahiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_the_Great" title="Alfred the Great">Alfred the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnulf_of_Carinthia" title="Arnulf of Carinthia">Arnulf of Carinthia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d" title="Árpád">Árpád</a>, Grand Prince of the Magyars</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_I_the_Macedonian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil I the Macedonian (not yet started)">Basil I the Macedonian</a> (Βασίλειος Α') (<a href="/w/index.php?title=811&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="811 (not yet started)">811</a>–<a href="/wiki/886" title="886">886</a>), ruled (<a href="/w/index.php?title=867&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="867 (not yet started)">867</a>)–(<a href="/wiki/886" title="886">886</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boris_I_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boris I of Bulgaria (not yet started)">Boris I of Bulgaria</a></li> <li>Empress <a href="/w/index.php?title=Irene_of_Athens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irene of Athens (not yet started)">Irene of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clement_of_Ohrid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clement of Ohrid (not yet started)">Clement of Ohrid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Han_Yu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Han Yu (not yet started)">Han Yu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harald_I_of_Norway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harald I of Norway (not yet started)">Harald I of Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Chao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Chao (not yet started)">Huang Chao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harun_al-Rashid" title="Harun al-Rashid">Harun al-Rashid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krum (not yet started)">Krum</a>, Khan of Bulgaria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_I_of_Scotland" title="Kenneth I of Scotland">Kenneth I of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Deyu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Deyu (not yet started)">Li Deyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Pious" title="Louis the Pious">Louis the Pious</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naum_of_Preslav&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naum of Preslav (not yet started)">Naum of Preslav</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niu_Sengru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niu Sengru (not yet started)">Niu Sengru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pope_Johanna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pope Johanna (not yet started)">Pope Johanna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rurik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rurik (not yet started)">Rurik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simeon_I_of_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simeon I of Bulgaria (not yet started)">Simeon I of Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints_Cyril_and_Methodius" class="mw-redirect" title="Saints Cyril and Methodius">Saints Cyril and Methodius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taizu_of_Later_Liang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taizu of Later Liang (not yet started)">Taizu of Later Liang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Kon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Kon (not yet started)">Wang Kon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wang_Xianzhi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wang Xianzhi (not yet started)">Wang Xianzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emperor_Xianzong_of_Tang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emperor Xianzong of Tang (not yet started)">Emperor Xianzong of Tang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emperor_Xu%C4%81nzong_of_Tang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emperor Xuānzong of Tang (not yet started)">Emperor Xuānzong of Tang</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inventions,_discoveries,_introductions"><span id="Inventions.2C_discoveries.2C_introductions"></span>Inventions, discoveries, introductions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Inventions, discoveries, introductions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Inventions, discoveries, introductions"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>First image of a rotary grindstone in a European source. Drawing shows crank, first known use of a crank in the West (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Utrecht_Psalter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utrecht Psalter (not yet started)">Utrecht Psalter</a>, <a href="/wiki/843" title="843">843</a>)</li> <li>First known printed book, the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diamond_Sutra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diamond Sutra (not yet started)">Diamond Sutra</a></i>, printed in China using <a href="/wiki/Woodblock_printing" title="Woodblock printing">woodblock printing</a> in 868 AD.</li> <li>Invention of <a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">gunpowder</a> by Chinese <a href="/wiki/Taoist" class="mw-redirect" title="Taoist">Taoist</a> <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">Alchemists</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_Latin" title="Vulgar Latin">Vulgar Latin</a> begins to develop into various <a href="/wiki/Romance_languages" title="Romance languages">Romance languages</a>.</li> <li>Two syllabaries or <a href="/wiki/Kana" title="Kana">kana</a> are made from simplified Chinese characters in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Decades_and_years">Decades and years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Decades and years" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Decades and years"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Note: years before or after the 9th century are in <i>italics</i>. </p> <table border="0" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td><i><b><a href="/wiki/790s" title="790s">790s</a></b></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=790&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="790 (not yet started)">790</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=791&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="791 (not yet started)">791</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=792&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="792 (not yet started)">792</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=793&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="793 (not yet started)">793</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/794" title="794">794</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=795&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="795 (not yet started)">795</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=796&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="796 (not yet started)">796</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=797&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="797 (not yet started)">797</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=798&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="798 (not yet started)">798</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=799&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="799 (not yet started)">799</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/800s" class="mw-disambig" title="800s">800s</a></b> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/800" title="800">800</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/801" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="801">801</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=802&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802 (not yet started)">802</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=803&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="803 (not yet started)">803</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=804&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="804 (not yet started)">804</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=805&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="805 (not yet started)">805</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=806&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="806 (not yet started)">806</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=807&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="807 (not yet started)">807</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=808&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="808 (not yet started)">808</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=809&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="809 (not yet started)">809</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/810s" title="810s">810s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=810&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="810 (not yet started)">810</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=811&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="811 (not yet started)">811</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=812&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="812 (not yet started)">812</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=813&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="813 (not yet started)">813</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/814" title="814">814</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=815&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="815 (not yet started)">815</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=816&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="816 (not yet started)">816</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=817&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="817 (not yet started)">817</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=818&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="818 (not yet started)">818</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=819&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="819 (not yet started)">819</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/820s" title="820s">820s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/820" title="820">820</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=821&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="821 (not yet started)">821</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=822&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="822 (not yet started)">822</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=823&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="823 (not yet started)">823</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=824&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="824 (not yet started)">824</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/825" title="825">825</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=826&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="826 (not yet started)">826</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=827&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="827 (not yet started)">827</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=828&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="828 (not yet started)">828</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=829&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="829 (not yet started)">829</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/830s" title="830s">830s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=830&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="830 (not yet started)">830</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=831&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="831 (not yet started)">831</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=832&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="832 (not yet started)">832</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=833&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="833 (not yet started)">833</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=834&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="834 (not yet started)">834</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=835&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="835 (not yet started)">835</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=836&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="836 (not yet started)">836</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=837&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="837 (not yet started)">837</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/838" title="838">838</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/839" title="839">839</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/840s" title="840s">840s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=840&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="840 (not yet started)">840</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/841" title="841">841</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/842" title="842">842</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/843" title="843">843</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/844" title="844">844</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=845&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="845 (not yet started)">845</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=846&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="846 (not yet started)">846</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=847&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="847 (not yet started)">847</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=848&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="848 (not yet started)">848</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/849" title="849">849</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/850s" title="850s">850s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/850" title="850">850</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=851&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="851 (not yet started)">851</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=852&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="852 (not yet started)">852</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/853" title="853">853</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=854&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="854 (not yet started)">854</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=855&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="855 (not yet started)">855</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=856&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="856 (not yet started)">856</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=857&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="857 (not yet started)">857</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=858&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="858 (not yet started)">858</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=859&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="859 (not yet started)">859</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/860s" title="860s">860s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/860" title="860">860</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=861&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="861 (not yet started)">861</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=862&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="862 (not yet started)">862</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=863&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="863 (not yet started)">863</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=864&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="864 (not yet started)">864</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/865" title="865">865</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=866&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="866 (not yet started)">866</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=867&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="867 (not yet started)">867</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=868&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="868 (not yet started)">868</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=869&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="869 (not yet started)">869</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/870s" title="870s">870s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/870" title="870">870</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/871" title="871">871</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=872&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="872 (not yet started)">872</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=873&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="873 (not yet started)">873</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/874" title="874">874</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/875" title="875">875</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/876" title="876">876</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=877&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="877 (not yet started)">877</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=878&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="878 (not yet started)">878</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=879&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="879 (not yet started)">879</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/880s" title="880s">880s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/880" title="880">880</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=881&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="881 (not yet started)">881</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/882" title="882">882</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=883&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="883 (not yet started)">883</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=884&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="884 (not yet started)">884</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/885" title="885">885</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/886" title="886">886</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=887&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="887 (not yet started)">887</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/888" title="888">888</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=889&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="889 (not yet started)">889</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/890s" title="890s">890s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/890" title="890">890</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=891&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="891 (not yet started)">891</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=892&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="892 (not yet started)">892</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/893" title="893">893</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=894&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="894 (not yet started)">894</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=895&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="895 (not yet started)">895</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=896&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="896 (not yet started)">896</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=897&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="897 (not yet started)">897</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/898" title="898">898</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/899" title="899">899</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/900s" title="900s">900s</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/900" title="900">900</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/901" title="901">901</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=902&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="902 (not yet started)">902</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=903&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="903 (not yet started)">903</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=904&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="904 (not yet started)">904</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=905&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="905 (not yet started)">905</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=906&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="906 (not yet started)">906</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=907&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="907 (not yet started)">907</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=908&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="908 (not yet started)">908</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/909" title="909">909</a></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_century&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heian_period" title="Heian period">Heian period</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=9th_century&oldid=9154011">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=9th_century&oldid=9154011</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:9th_century" title="Category:9th century">9th century</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 26 October 2023, at 13:19.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. See <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> for details.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/simple.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//simple.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=9th_century&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">9th century</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>132 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-56f98d4d58-5rkdz","wgBackendResponseTime":457,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.218","walltime":"0.252","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5803,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":8355,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1584,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":4882,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 166.157 1 Template:Centurybox","100.00% 166.157 1 -total"," 55.76% 92.648 29 Template:Dr"," 53.30% 88.561 29 Template:Dr-make"," 45.61% 75.781 2 Template:Hlist"," 34.74% 57.725 29 Template:Drep"," 23.92% 39.743 27 Template:Ordinal"," 9.50% 15.781 29 Template:Dr-logno"," 4.20% 6.977 29 Template:Dr-yr"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.070","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":936676,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-56f98d4d58-5rkdz","timestamp":"20250318115203","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"9th century","url":"https:\/\/simple.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/9th_century","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q8083","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q8083","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-10-31T07:35:59Z","dateModified":"2023-10-26T13:19:56Z","headline":"century"}</script> </body> </html>