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mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sal%C2%B7luvis" title="Sal·luvis – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sal·luvis" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salluvier" title="Salluvier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Salluvier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%AC%CE%BB%CF%85%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Σάλυες – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σάλυες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saluvios" title="Saluvios – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Saluvios" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salubiarrak" title="Salubiarrak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Salubiarrak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salyens" title="Salyens – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Salyens" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salluvi" title="Salluvi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Salluvi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saluvijai" title="Saluvijai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Saluvijai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salluvi%C3%ABrs" title="Salluviërs – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Salluviërs" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sallavis" title="Sallavis – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sallavis" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8,_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Салии, племена – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Салии, племена" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%97" title="Салювії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Салювії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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</div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to 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href="/wiki/Celto-Ligurian" class="mw-redirect" title="Celto-Ligurian">Celto-Ligurian</a> people dwelling between the <a href="/wiki/Durance" title="Durance">Durance</a> river and the <a href="/wiki/Greek_colony" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek colony">Greek colony</a> of <a href="/wiki/Massalia" title="Massalia">Massalia</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age_Europe" title="Iron Age Europe">Iron Age</a>. Although earlier writers called them 'Ligurian', <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> used the denomination 'Celto-ligurian' in the early 1st century AD. A Celtic influence is noticeable in their religion, which centred on the cult of the <i>tête coupée</i> ('severed head'), as well as in the names of their towns and leaders. During the 2nd century BC, the Salyes were most likely at the head of a political and military confederation that united both Gallic and Ligurian tribes. </p><p>During most of their early history, the Salyes were in conflict with the neighbouring Greek inhabitants of Massalia, and later on with their ally the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a>, until the consul <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Sextius_Calvinus" title="Gaius Sextius Calvinus">Gaius Sextius Calvinus</a> sacked their hill-fort <a href="/wiki/Entremont_(oppidum)" title="Entremont (oppidum)">Entremont</a> ca. 122 BC. Revolts against the Roman conquerors were crushed in 90 and 83 BC. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>They are mentioned as <i>Sallyas</i> by <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Caesar</a> (mid-1st c. BC),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Salluvii</i> and <i>Saluum</i> (<small>var.</small> <i>Saluium</i>, <i>Salluuiorum</i>) by <a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a> (late 1st c. BC),<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Sálluas</i> (Σάλλυας), <i>Sállues</i> ( Σάλλυες) and <i>Salúōn</i> (Σαλύων) by <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> (early 1st c. AD),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Sallui</i> and <i>Salluuiorum</i> by <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny</a> (1st c. AD),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Sálues</i> (Σάλυες; <small>var.</small> Σάλικες) by <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a> (2nd c. AD),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as <i>Salyes</i> by <a href="/wiki/Avienius" title="Avienius">Avienius</a> (4th c. AD).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Falileyev_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Falileyev-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The origin of the name remains obscure. The original form was most likely <i>Salyes</i> ≈ <i>Salues</i> (pronounced /Salwes/), later latinized as <i>Salluvii</i> (/Salluwii/). It is the form used by Caesar under the variant <i>Sallyas</i> in the oldest surviving attestation of the name, while Pliny wrote <i>Salluvii</i> some decades later in the late 1st century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Bernardo_Stempel200646_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Bernardo_Stempel200646-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoissinot2019189–190_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoissinot2019189–190-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to linguist <a href="/wiki/Patrizia_de_Bernardo_Stempel" title="Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel">Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel</a>, <i>Salues</i> may be a Celtic rendering of an original *<i>Sḷwes</i>, meaning 'the own ones'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Bernardo_Stempel200646_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Bernardo_Stempel200646-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Celtic context, the name is <a href="/wiki/Cognate" title="Cognate">cognate</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Celtiberian_language" title="Celtiberian language">Celtiberian</a> <i>Salluienses</i> and <i>Turma salluitana</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoissinot2019189–190_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoissinot2019189–190-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also been compared with the Italic personal names <i>Salluvius</i>, <i>Sallubius</i>, <i>Salluius</i>, and <i>Sallyius</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005181_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005181-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Territory">Territory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Territory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Provence_tribes_map-fr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Provence_tribes_map-fr.svg/220px-Provence_tribes_map-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Provence_tribes_map-fr.svg/330px-Provence_tribes_map-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Provence_tribes_map-fr.svg/440px-Provence_tribes_map-fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="479" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption>The Salyes in southeastern Gaul.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Salyes dwelled in the hinterland of <a href="/wiki/Massalia" title="Massalia">Massalia</a>, between the <a href="/wiki/Massif_de_l%27%C3%89toile" title="Massif de l'Étoile">Massif de l'Étoile</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Durance" title="Durance">Durance</a> river.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their homeland was located north of the <a href="/wiki/Avatici" title="Avatici">Avatici</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tricores" title="Tricores">Tricores</a> and <a href="/wiki/Segobrigii" title="Segobrigii">Segobrigii</a>, south of the <a href="/wiki/Dexivates" title="Dexivates">Dexivates</a>, west of the <a href="/wiki/Tritolli" title="Tritolli">Tritolli</a>, and east of the <a href="/wiki/Anatilii" title="Anatilii">Anatilii</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>As for the stretch of country which begins at <a href="/wiki/Antibes" title="Antibes">Antipolis</a> and extends as far as Massilia or a little farther, the tribe of the Sallyes inhabits the Alps that lie above the seaboard and also—promiscuously with the Greeks—certain parts of the same seaboard.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="#CITEREFStrabo1923">Strabo 1923</a>, <i>Geōgraphiká</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.269.xml">4:6:3</a>.</cite></div></blockquote><p>The Salluvian confederation, a political entity dominated by the Salyes that likely emerged in the 2nd century BC, covered a much larger area stretching from the <a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne" title="Rhône">Rhône</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Loup_(river)" title="Loup (river)">Loup</a> river (just west of the <a href="/wiki/Var_(river)" title="Var (river)">Var</a>), and reaching the Mediterranean sea to the south, between the <a href="/wiki/Arecomici" title="Arecomici">Arecomici</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cavari" title="Cavari">Cavari</a> and the later province of <a href="/wiki/Alpes_Maritimae" title="Alpes Maritimae">Alpes Maritimae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerdin199833–34_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerdin199833–34-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Settlements">Settlements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Settlements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Entremont.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Entremont.jpg/220px-Entremont.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Entremont.jpg/330px-Entremont.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Entremont.jpg 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="284" /></a><figcaption>Vestiges of Entremont.</figcaption></figure> <p>Their pre-Roman chief town was the <a href="/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum">oppidum</a> of <a href="/wiki/Entremont_(oppidum)" title="Entremont (oppidum)">Entremont</a> (3 km north of modern <a href="/wiki/Aix-en-Provence" title="Aix-en-Provence">Aix-en-Provence</a>). It displays Greek influence in its sculpture, its defences, and the layout of its streets.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the religious monuments and iconography were overwhelmingly native. The settlement saw a relatively late development during the 3rd–2nd centuries BC. It was able to control the east-west routes connecting the Rhône to the Alps, as well as the north-south routes between Massalia and the Durance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Entremont was seized ca. 122 BC by the Roman consul <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Sextius_Calvinus" title="Gaius Sextius Calvinus">Gaius Sextius Calvinus</a>, who founded a <a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">garrison</a> near some warm spring in its vicinity. Refounded by <a href="/wiki/Caesar" class="mw-redirect" title="Caesar">Caesar</a> as a <i><a href="/wiki/Colonia_latina" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonia latina">colonia latina</a></i>, it was made a full colony known as <i>Colonia Iulia Augusta Aquis Sextiis</i> under <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a> (27 BC–14 AD).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40,_212_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40,_212-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another settlement was known as <a href="/wiki/Glanum" title="Glanum">Glanon</a> (Latin <i>Glanum</i>, near modern <a href="/wiki/Saint-R%C3%A9my-de-Provence" title="Saint-Rémy-de-Provence">St-Rémy-de-Provence</a>). The name, meaning 'the clear/transparent one' in <a href="/wiki/Gaulish" title="Gaulish">Gaulish</a>, probably took its origin from a nearby river.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert199437_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert199437-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDelamarre2003180_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDelamarre2003180-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Located on the great trade route connecting the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a> to Italy and occupied from the 6th–5th centuries BC onward,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoth-Congès1997159_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoth-Congès1997159-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Glanon came under Greek influence from the mid-2nd century BC, which has been interpreted either as a takeover by the Massaliotes, or else as a Greek cultural imprint on the local Salluvian aristocracy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198842,_198_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198842,_198-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200949_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200949-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Glanon may have become the chief town of the Salyes after the sack of Entremont by the Romans ca. 122 BC. Major construction programs were launched between ca. 120 and 90 BC, including sanctuaries, public squares and administrative buildings, presumably for Glanon to assert itself as the dominant settlement of the area and display its new status to its neighbours.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200949_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200949-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Glanon was abandoned ca. 270 AD after suffering from raids by Germanic tribes, and a new walled town was built in its vicinity at the site of St-Rémy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198842,_198_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198842,_198-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The oppidum of Baou-Roux was located between Entremont and Massalia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Salyes settled in the hinterland of <a href="/wiki/Massalia" title="Massalia">Massalia</a> at the latest in the 6th century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a legend recounted by <a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a>, they fought against the <a href="/wiki/Phocaea" title="Phocaea">Phocaean</a> settlers at the time of the foundation of <a href="/wiki/Massalia" title="Massalia">Massalia</a> ca. 600, but were defeated by the roving armies of <a href="/wiki/Bellovesus" title="Bellovesus">Bellovesus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 5th century BC, the Salyes remained a small tribal group, although they controlled an important trade route that went through the valley of the <a href="/wiki/Arc_River_(Provence)" class="mw-redirect" title="Arc River (Provence)">Arc</a>. By the time of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Punic_War" title="Second Punic War">Second Punic War</a> (218–201 BC), they also controlled areas as far south as the coastal mountains near Massalia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>These were the first of the Transalpine Celti that the Romans conquered, though they did so only after carrying on war with both them and the Ligures for a long time—because the latter had barred all the passes leading to Iberia that ran through the seaboard. And, in fact, they kept making raids both by land and sea, and were so powerful that the road was scarcely practicable even for great armies. And it was not until the eightieth year of the war that the Romans succeeded, though only with difficulty, in opening up the road for a breadth of only twelve stadia to those travelling on public business.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="#CITEREFStrabo1923">Strabo 1923</a>, <i>Geōgraphiká</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.269.xml">4:6:3</a>.</cite></div></blockquote> <p>Conflicts between Rome and the Salyes lasted during nearly eighty years from the end of the Second Punic War (201 BC), during which the eastern part of Iberia came under Roman control and Massalia remained a faithful ally of Rome, up until the rendition of the Salluvian chief town Entremont ca. 122 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPralon199822_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPralon199822-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Involved in piracy and raids, the Ligurians threatened throughout the 2nd century BC the Massaliotes colonies along the Mediterranean coast, and more generally the trade route between the Iberian Peninsula and Italy. This culminated in a Roman military intervention in 154 BC against the <a href="/wiki/Deciates" title="Deciates">Deciates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oxybii" title="Oxybii">Oxybii</a>, two Ligurian tribes that were presumably part of the Salluvian confederation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198832_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198832-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_conquest">Roman conquest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Roman conquest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 125 BC, the Salyes waged war on Massalia, leading the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Senate" title="Roman Senate">Roman Senate</a> to send the consul <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Fulvius_Flaccus_(consul_125_BC)" title="Marcus Fulvius Flaccus (consul 125 BC)">Marcus Fulvius Flaccus</a> to Massalia's assistance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The establishment of a Greek colony at Glanum, on Salluvian territory, may have been the <i><a href="/wiki/Casus_belli" title="Casus belli">casus belli</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198842_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198842-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Flaccus defeated the Salyes, along with the <a href="/wiki/Vocontii" title="Vocontii">Vocontii</a> and some other Ligurian tribes presumably part of the Salluvian confederation on the eastern borders of the Massaliote territory, then celebrated his triumph in Rome in 123 BC. Shortly after, another consul, <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Sextius_Calvinus" title="Gaius Sextius Calvinus">Gaius Sextius Calvinus</a>, sacked their chief town, <a href="/wiki/Oppidum_d%27Entremont" class="mw-redirect" title="Oppidum d'Entremont">Entremont</a>, and established near its ruin a Roman <a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">garrison</a> post, thereafter to be known as Aquae Sextiae (modern <a href="/wiki/Aix-en-Provence" title="Aix-en-Provence">Aix-en-Provence</a>). Sextius also forced the Salyes to cede the areas they controlled near the Mediterranean coast; part of their territory was granted to the Massaliotes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERawlings2017_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERawlings2017-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the conflict, the leaders of the Salyes, including their king <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toutomotulos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toutomotulos (page does not exist)">Toutomotulos</a> (or Teutomalius), fled with the rest of their armies to their allies the <a href="/wiki/Allobroges" title="Allobroges">Allobroges</a>, who refused to hand them over to Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198840–41_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198840–41-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPralon199822_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPralon199822-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A further and larger Roman force, including <a href="/wiki/War_elephant" title="War elephant">war elephants</a>, was sent under the command of <a href="/wiki/Gnaeus_Domitius_Ahenobarbus_(consul_122_BC)" title="Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (consul 122 BC)">Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus</a>, who defeated the Allobroges at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vindalium" title="Battle of Vindalium">Battle of Vindalium</a> in 121 BC. In August of the same year, the Roman army, strengthened by the troops of <a href="/wiki/Fabius_Maximus" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabius Maximus">Quintus Fabius Maximus</a>, inflicted a decisive defeat on a massive combined force of Allobroges, <a href="/wiki/Arveni" class="mw-redirect" title="Arveni">Arveni</a> and the remaining Salyes at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Is%C3%A8re_River" title="Battle of the Isère River">Battle of the Isère River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198840–41_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198840–41-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Toutomotulus' followers were killed, enslaved, or driven into exile, while Crato, the Salluvian leader of the pro-Graeco-Roman faction, was granted 900 of his fellow citizens from slavery.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985150_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985150-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 120 and 117, the territory of the Salyes was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Roman_province" title="Roman province">Roman province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gallia_Transalpina" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallia Transalpina">Gallia Transalpina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Roman_period">Early Roman period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Early Roman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Cimbrian_War" title="Cimbrian War">Cimbrian War</a> (113–101 BC), the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aquae_Sextiae" title="Battle of Aquae Sextiae">Battle of Aquae Sextiae</a> took place in their territory in 102 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERawlings2017_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERawlings2017-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 90 BC, the consul <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Coelius_Caldus" title="Gaius Coelius Caldus">Gaius Coelius Caldus</a> suppressed a revolt of the Salyes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198855_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198855-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another revolt was crushed in 83 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the foundation of a <i><a href="/wiki/Colonia_romana" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonia romana">colonia romana</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Arelate" class="mw-redirect" title="Arelate">Arelate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arles" title="Arles">Arles</a>) in 46 BC, a large area west of <a href="/wiki/Aquae_Sextiae" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquae Sextiae">Aquae Sextiae</a>, including much of the Salluvian lands that had been handed over to Massalia ca. 122 BC, became subject to Arelate (modern <a href="/wiki/Arles" title="Arles">Arles</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet1988196_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet1988196-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_identity">Ethnic identity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ethnic identity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Writing in the early 1st century AD, Greek geographer <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> implies that the 'Ligurian' (Λίγυας) Salyes mentioned by earlier writers occupied the hinterland of Massalia, whereas the later 'Celto-Ligurian' (Κελτολίγυας) Salyes also controlled the area between the <a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne" title="Rhône">Rhône</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Luberon" title="Luberon">Luberon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerdin199833_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerdin199833-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>... though the early writers of the Greeks call the Sallyes 'Ligues', and the country which the Massiliotes hold, 'Ligustica', later writers name them 'Celtoligues', and attach to their territory all the level country as far as Luerio and the Rhodanus, the country from which the inhabitants, divided into ten parts, used to send forth an army, not only of infantry, but of cavalry as well.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="#CITEREFStrabo1923">Strabo 1923</a>, <i>Geōgraphiká</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.269.xml">4:6:3</a>.</cite></div></blockquote><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Entremont_severed_heads_1-02_(Mus%C3%A9e_Granet,_Aix).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Entremont_severed_heads_1-02_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Granet%2C_Aix%29.jpg/220px-Entremont_severed_heads_1-02_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Granet%2C_Aix%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Entremont_severed_heads_1-02_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Granet%2C_Aix%29.jpg/330px-Entremont_severed_heads_1-02_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Granet%2C_Aix%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Entremont_severed_heads_1-02_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Granet%2C_Aix%29.jpg/440px-Entremont_severed_heads_1-02_%28Mus%C3%A9e_Granet%2C_Aix%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Sculptures of severed heads from Entremont.</figcaption></figure><p>In fact, the area surrounding the Salluvian chief-town of <a href="/wiki/Entremont_(oppidum)" title="Entremont (oppidum)">Entremont</a> (near modern <a href="/wiki/Aix-en-Provence" title="Aix-en-Provence">Aix-en-Provence</a>) represented the frontier between the Ligurian tribes dwelling along the Mediterranean coast and the Celtic tribes of the lower Rhône Valley, who displayed a common force against the Roman conqueror at the end of the 2nd century BC. This geo-cultural frontier was probably used by the Romans when tracing the administrative border between the <a href="/wiki/Civitas" title="Civitas"><i>civitates</i></a> of <a href="/wiki/Arelate" class="mw-redirect" title="Arelate">Arelate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aquae_Sextiae" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquae Sextiae">Aquae Sextiae</a> in the 1st century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerdin199835_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerdin199835-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Celtic names of Salluvian rulers (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Toutomotulos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toutomotulos (page does not exist)">Toutomotulos</a>) and towns (<a href="/wiki/Glanum" title="Glanum">Glanon</a>) may suggest that Celtic speakers formed the ruling class of the confederation. As seen during the Roman conquest of the region, the local aristrocracy developed links with neighbouring Gallic tribes such as the Allobroges, although literary sources point towards a more complex reality, with significant Greek and Ligurian influences.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005182_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005182-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The religion of the Salyes centred on the cult of the <i>tête coupée</i> ('severed head'), with important shrines located as <a href="/wiki/Roquepertuse" title="Roquepertuse">Roquepertuse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Entremont_(oppidum)" title="Entremont (oppidum)">Entremont</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cult persisted at Entremont until the sack of the settlement by the Romans ca. 122 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985137_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985137-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Celtic-Ligurian sanctuary dedicated to the god Glan and the Matres was found at <a href="/wiki/Glanum" title="Glanum">Glanon</a> near a mineral spring.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELafond2006_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELafond2006-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_organisation">Political organisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Political organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As originally proposed by historian <a href="/wiki/Guy_Barruol" title="Guy Barruol">Guy Barruol</a> in 1969, the Salyes were probably at the head of what he has called the "Salluvian confederation", a political entity dominated by the Salyes that likely emerged in the 2nd century BC. It may have included at its height the <a href="/wiki/Anatilii" title="Anatilii">Anatilii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libicii_(Narbonensis)" title="Libicii (Narbonensis)">Libicii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nearchi" title="Nearchi">Nearchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Avatici" title="Avatici">Avatici</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dexivates" title="Dexivates">Dexivates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Segobrigii" title="Segobrigii">Segobrigii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comani_(Narbonensis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Comani (Narbonensis)">Comani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tricores" title="Tricores">Tricores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tritolli" title="Tritolli">Tritolli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camactulici" title="Camactulici">Camactulici</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suelteri" title="Suelteri">Suelteri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxybii" title="Oxybii">Oxybii</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ligauni" title="Ligauni">Ligauni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deciates" title="Deciates">Deciates</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Reii" title="Reii">Reii</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969187–188_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969187–188-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198816_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198816-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005182_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005182-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ties uniting those various tribes were probably loose, and local oppida must have retained considerable autonomy, as evidenced by the short lapse of time during which the confederacy collapsed when the Romans destroyed the Salluvian chief town and subjugated their leaders in 122–121 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Caesar</a>. <i>Commentarii de Bello Gallico</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/caesar-civil_wars/1914/pb_LCL039.55.xml">1:35</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Titus_Livius" class="mw-redirect" title="Titus Livius">Livius</a>. <i>Ab Urbe Condita Libri</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/livy-history_rome_5/1924/pb_LCL172.121.xml">5:34</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/livy-history_rome_21/2019/pb_LCL233.73.xml">21:26</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>. <i>Geōgraphiká</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.169.xml">4:1:3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.175.xml">4:1:5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.181.xml">4:1:6</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.193.xml">4:1:9</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.195.xml">4:1:11</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.201.xml">4:1:12</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/strabo-geography/1917/pb_LCL050.269.xml">4:6:3–4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny</a>. <i>Naturalis Historia</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL352.29.xml">3:36</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL352.37.xml">3:47</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL352.91.xml">3:124</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a>. <i>Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis</i>, 2:10:8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Avienius" title="Avienius">Avienius</a>. <i>Ora maritima</i>, 701.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Falileyev-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Falileyev_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFalileyev2010">Falileyev 2010</a>, s.v. <i>Salluvii</i> and <i>Salyes</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969206_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarruol1969">Barruol 1969</a>, p. 206.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Bernardo_Stempel200646-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Bernardo_Stempel200646_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Bernardo_Stempel200646_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Bernardo_Stempel2006">de Bernardo Stempel 2006</a>, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoissinot2019189–190-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoissinot2019189–190_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoissinot2019189–190_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoissinot2019">Boissinot 2019</a>, pp. 189–190.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005181-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005181_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Hoz2005">de Hoz 2005</a>, p. 181.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTalbert2000">Talbert 2000</a>, Map 15: Arelate-Massalia, Map 16: Col. Forum Iulii-Albingaunum.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985136–137_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDyson1985">Dyson 1985</a>, pp. 136–137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerdin199833–34-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerdin199833–34_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVerdin1998">Verdin 1998</a>, pp. 33–34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivetDrinkwater2016_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivetDrinkwater2016">Rivet & Drinkwater 2016</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985138_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDyson1985">Dyson 1985</a>, p. 138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40,_212-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40,_212_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivet1988">Rivet 1988</a>, pp. 39–40, 212.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert199437-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert199437_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLambert1994">Lambert 1994</a>, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDelamarre2003180-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDelamarre2003180_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDelamarre2003">Delamarre 2003</a>, p. 180.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoth-Congès1997159-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoth-Congès1997159_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoth-Congès1997">Roth-Congès 1997</a>, p. 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198842,_198-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198842,_198_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198842,_198_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivet1988">Rivet 1988</a>, pp. 42, 198.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200949-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200949_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200949_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCollin_Bouffier2009">Collin Bouffier 2009</a>, p. 49.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Titus_Livius" class="mw-redirect" title="Titus Livius">Livius</a>, <i>Ab Urbe condita</i> 5.34–35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPralon199822-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPralon199822_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPralon199822_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPralon1998">Pralon 1998</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198832-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198832_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivet1988">Rivet 1988</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198839–40_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivet1988">Rivet 1988</a>, pp. 39–40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198842-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198842_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivet1988">Rivet 1988</a>, p. 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollin_Bouffier200951–52_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCollin_Bouffier2009">Collin Bouffier 2009</a>, pp. 51–52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERawlings2017-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERawlings2017_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERawlings2017_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRawlings2017">Rawlings 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198840–41-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198840–41_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198840–41_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivet1988">Rivet 1988</a>, pp. 40–41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985150-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985150_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDyson1985">Dyson 1985</a>, p. 150.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198855-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198855_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivet1988">Rivet 1988</a>, p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet1988196-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet1988196_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivet1988">Rivet 1988</a>, p. 196.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerdin199833-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerdin199833_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVerdin1998">Verdin 1998</a>, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerdin199835-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerdin199835_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVerdin1998">Verdin 1998</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005182-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005182_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Hoz2005182_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Hoz2005">de Hoz 2005</a>, p. 182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyson1985137-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyson1985137_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDyson1985">Dyson 1985</a>, p. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELafond2006-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELafond2006_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLafond2006">Lafond 2006</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969187–188-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBarruol1969187–188_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBarruol1969">Barruol 1969</a>, pp. 187–188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERivet198816-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERivet198816_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRivet1988">Rivet 1988</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_sources">Primary sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Primary sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCaesar1917" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Caesar</a> (1917). <i>The Gallic War</i>. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Edwards, H. J. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99080-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-99080-7"><bdi>978-0-674-99080-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gallic+War&rft.series=Loeb+Classical+Library&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1917&rft.isbn=978-0-674-99080-7&rft.au=Caesar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLivy2019" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Livy" title="Livy">Livy</a> (2019). <i>History of Rome</i>. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Yardley, J. C. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674992566" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674992566"><bdi>978-0674992566</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Rome&rft.series=Loeb+Classical+Library&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0674992566&rft.au=Livy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPliny1938" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny</a> (1938). <i>Natural History</i>. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Rackham, H. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674993648" title="Special:BookSources/9780674993648"><bdi>9780674993648</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Natural+History&rft.series=Loeb+Classical+Library&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1938&rft.isbn=9780674993648&rft.au=Pliny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrabo1923" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> (1923). <i>Geography</i>. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Jones, Horace L. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0674990562" title="Special:BookSources/978-0674990562"><bdi>978-0674990562</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geography&rft.series=Loeb+Classical+Library&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1923&rft.isbn=978-0674990562&rft.au=Strabo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarruol1969" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Guy_Barruol" title="Guy Barruol">Barruol, Guy</a> (1969). <i>Les Peuples préromains du Sud-Est de la Gaule: étude de géographie historique</i>. E. de Boccard. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/3279201">3279201</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+Peuples+pr%C3%A9romains+du+Sud-Est+de+la+Gaule%3A+%C3%A9tude+de+g%C3%A9ographie+historique&rft.pub=E.+de+Boccard&rft.date=1969&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3279201&rft.aulast=Barruol&rft.aufirst=Guy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoissinot2019" class="citation book cs1">Boissinot, Philippe (2019). "Les Ligyens et les Salyens d'Hécatée à Strabon". In Bats, Michel (ed.). <i>D'un monde à l'autre : Contacts et acculturation en Gaule méditerranéenne</i>. Centre Jean Bérard. pp. 189–210. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-38050-003-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-38050-003-5"><bdi>978-2-38050-003-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Les+Ligyens+et+les+Salyens+d%E2%80%99H%C3%A9cat%C3%A9e+%C3%A0+Strabon&rft.btitle=D%27un+monde+%C3%A0+l%27autre+%3A+Contacts+et+acculturation+en+Gaule+m%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9enne&rft.pages=189-210&rft.pub=Centre+Jean+B%C3%A9rard&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-2-38050-003-5&rft.aulast=Boissinot&rft.aufirst=Philippe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollin_Bouffier2009" class="citation book cs1">Collin Bouffier, Sophie (2009). "Marseille et la Gaule Méditerranéenne avant la Conquête Romaine". In Cabouret, Bernadette (ed.). <i>Rome et l'occident: du IIe s. av. J.-C au IIe s. apr. J.-C</i>. Presses Universitaire du Mirail. pp. 35–60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-8107-0052-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-8107-0052-3"><bdi>978-2-8107-0052-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43606588">43606588</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Marseille+et+la+Gaule+M%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9enne+avant+la+Conqu%C3%AAte+Romaine&rft.btitle=Rome+et+l%27occident%3A+du+IIe+s.+av.+J.-C+au+IIe+s.+apr.+J.-C.&rft.pages=35-60&rft.pub=Presses+Universitaire+du+Mirail&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43606588%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-2-8107-0052-3&rft.aulast=Collin+Bouffier&rft.aufirst=Sophie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Bernardo_Stempel2006" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Patrizia_de_Bernardo_Stempel" title="Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel">de Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia</a> (2006). "From Ligury to Spain: Unaccented *yo > (y)e in Narbonensic votives ('gaulish' DEKANTEM), Hispanic coins ('iberian' -(sk)en) and some theonyms". <i>Palaeohispanica</i>. <b>6</b>: 45–58. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1578-5386">1578-5386</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Palaeohispanica&rft.atitle=From+Ligury+to+Spain%3A+Unaccented+%2Ayo+%3E+%28y%29e+in+Narbonensic+votives+%28%27gaulish%27+DEKANTEM%29%2C+Hispanic+coins+%28%27iberian%27+-%28sk%29en%29+and+some+theonyms&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=45-58&rft.date=2006&rft.issn=1578-5386&rft.aulast=de+Bernardo+Stempel&rft.aufirst=Patrizia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Hoz2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Javier_de_Hoz" title="Javier de Hoz">de Hoz, Javier</a> (2005). "Ptolemy and the linguistic history of the Narbonensis". In de Hoz, Javier; Luján, Eugenio R.; Sims-Williams, Patrick (eds.). <i>New approaches to Celtic place-names in Ptolemy's Geography</i>. Ediciones Clásicas. pp. 173–188. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8478825721" title="Special:BookSources/978-8478825721"><bdi>978-8478825721</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ptolemy+and+the+linguistic+history+of+the+Narbonensis&rft.btitle=New+approaches+to+Celtic+place-names+in+Ptolemy%27s+Geography&rft.pages=173-188&rft.pub=Ediciones+Cl%C3%A1sicas&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-8478825721&rft.aulast=de+Hoz&rft.aufirst=Javier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelamarre2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Delamarre" title="Xavier Delamarre">Delamarre, Xavier</a> (2003). <i>Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental</i>. Errance. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782877723695" title="Special:BookSources/9782877723695"><bdi>9782877723695</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+de+la+langue+gauloise%3A+Une+approche+linguistique+du+vieux-celtique+continental&rft.pub=Errance&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9782877723695&rft.aulast=Delamarre&rft.aufirst=Xavier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDyson1985" class="citation book cs1">Dyson, Stephen L. (1985). <i>The Creation of the Roman Frontier</i>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-5489-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4008-5489-9"><bdi>978-1-4008-5489-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Creation+of+the+Roman+Frontier&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-1-4008-5489-9&rft.aulast=Dyson&rft.aufirst=Stephen+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFalileyev2010" class="citation book cs1">Falileyev, Alexander (2010). <i>Dictionary of Continental Celtic Place-names: A Celtic Companion to the Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World</i>. CMCS. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0955718236" title="Special:BookSources/978-0955718236"><bdi>978-0955718236</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Continental+Celtic+Place-names%3A+A+Celtic+Companion+to+the+Barrington+Atlas+of+the+Greek+and+Roman+World&rft.pub=CMCS&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0955718236&rft.aulast=Falileyev&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambert1994" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Yves_Lambert" title="Pierre-Yves Lambert">Lambert, Pierre-Yves</a> (1994). <i>La langue gauloise: description linguistique, commentaire d'inscriptions choisies</i>. Errance. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-87772-089-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-87772-089-2"><bdi>978-2-87772-089-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+langue+gauloise%3A+description+linguistique%2C+commentaire+d%27inscriptions+choisies&rft.pub=Errance&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-2-87772-089-2&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=Pierre-Yves&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlshausenSauer2006" class="citation journal cs1">Olshausen, Eckart; Sauer, Vera (2006). "Salluvii". <i>Brill's New Pauly</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1574-9347_bnp_e1028380">10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e1028380</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brill%27s+New+Pauly&rft.atitle=Salluvii&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1574-9347_bnp_e1028380&rft.aulast=Olshausen&rft.aufirst=Eckart&rft.au=Sauer%2C+Vera&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPralon1998" class="citation journal cs1">Pralon, Didier (1998). "Les Salyens dans les textes historiques grecs". <i>Documents d'Archéologie Méridionale</i>. <b>21</b> (1): 21–26. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fdam.1998.1177">10.3406/dam.1998.1177</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Documents+d%27Arch%C3%A9ologie+M%C3%A9ridionale&rft.atitle=Les+Salyens+dans+les+textes+historiques+grecs&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=21-26&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fdam.1998.1177&rft.aulast=Pralon&rft.aufirst=Didier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRawlings2017" class="citation book cs1">Rawlings, Louis (2017). "The Roman Conquest of Southern Gaul, 125-121 BC". In Whitby, Michael; Sidebottom, Harry (eds.). <i>The Encyclopedia of Ancient Battles</i>. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 1–7. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781119099000.wbabat0450">10.1002/9781119099000.wbabat0450</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-8645-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-8645-2"><bdi>978-1-4051-8645-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Roman+Conquest+of+Southern+Gaul%2C+125-121+BC&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Battles&rft.pages=1-7&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9781119099000.wbabat0450&rft.isbn=978-1-4051-8645-2&rft.aulast=Rawlings&rft.aufirst=Louis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivet1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/A._L._F._Rivet" title="A. L. F. Rivet">Rivet, A. L. F.</a> (1988). <i>Gallia Narbonensis: With a Chapter on Alpes Maritimae: Southern France in Roman Times</i>. Batsford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-5860-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7134-5860-2"><bdi>978-0-7134-5860-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gallia+Narbonensis%3A+With+a+Chapter+on+Alpes+Maritimae%3A+Southern+France+in+Roman+Times&rft.pub=Batsford&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-7134-5860-2&rft.aulast=Rivet&rft.aufirst=A.+L.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivetDrinkwater2016" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Rivet, A. L. F.; Drinkwater, John F. (2016). "Salluvii". <i>Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Classics</i>. <i>Oxford Classical Dictionary</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780199381135.013.5677">10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.5677</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199381135" title="Special:BookSources/9780199381135"><bdi>9780199381135</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Oxford+Research+Encyclopedia+of+Classics&rft.btitle=Oxford+Classical+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780199381135.013.5677&rft.isbn=9780199381135&rft.aulast=Rivet&rft.aufirst=A.+L.+F.&rft.au=Drinkwater%2C+John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoth-Congès1997" class="citation journal cs1">Roth-Congès, Anne (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01912967/file/Gallia_1997_157-202_CONGES.pdf">"La fortune éphémère de Glanum : du religieux à l'économique (à propos d'un article récent)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Gallia</i>. <b>54</b> (1): 157–202. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fgalia.1997.2996">10.3406/galia.1997.2996</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:186319120">186319120</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gallia&rft.atitle=La+fortune+%C3%A9ph%C3%A9m%C3%A8re+de+Glanum+%3A+du+religieux+%C3%A0+l%27%C3%A9conomique+%28%C3%A0+propos+d%27un+article+r%C3%A9cent%29&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=157-202&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fgalia.1997.2996&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A186319120%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Roth-Cong%C3%A8s&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhal.archives-ouvertes.fr%2Fhal-01912967%2Ffile%2FGallia_1997_157-202_CONGES.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTalbert2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Talbert" title="Richard Talbert">Talbert, Richard J. A.</a> (2000). <i>Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World</i>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0691031699" title="Special:BookSources/978-0691031699"><bdi>978-0691031699</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Barrington+Atlas+of+the+Greek+and+Roman+World&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0691031699&rft.aulast=Talbert&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVerdin1998" class="citation journal cs1">Verdin, Florence (1998). "Les Salyens : faciès culturels et populations". <i>Documents d'Archéologie Méridionale</i>. <b>21</b> (1): 27–36. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fdam.1998.1178">10.3406/dam.1998.1178</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Documents+d%27Arch%C3%A9ologie+M%C3%A9ridionale&rft.atitle=Les+Salyens+%3A+faci%C3%A8s+culturels+et+populations&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=27-36&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fdam.1998.1178&rft.aulast=Verdin&rft.aufirst=Florence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salyes&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLafond2006" class="citation journal cs1">Lafond, Yves (2006). "Glanum". <i>Brill's New Pauly</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1574-9347_bnp_e424670">10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e424670</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brill%27s+New+Pauly&rft.atitle=Glanum&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1574-9347_bnp_e424670&rft.aulast=Lafond&rft.aufirst=Yves&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoman1991" class="citation journal cs1">Roman, Yves (1991). "L'intervention romaine de 154 av. J.-C. en Gaule transalpine : essai d'analyse". <i>Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise</i>. <b>24</b> (1): 35–38. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fran.1991.1378">10.3406/ran.1991.1378</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+arch%C3%A9ologique+de+Narbonnaise&rft.atitle=L%27intervention+romaine+de+154+av.+J.-C.+en+Gaule+transalpine+%3A+essai+d%27analyse&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=35-38&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fran.1991.1378&rft.aulast=Roman&rft.aufirst=Yves&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVerdin1990" class="citation thesis cs1">Verdin, Florence (1990). <i>Les Salyens et leur territoire présumé</i> (PhD thesis). Université de Provence.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Les+Salyens+et+leur+territoire+pr%C3%A9sum%C3%A9&rft.degree=PhD&rft.inst=Universit%C3%A9+de+Provence&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Verdin&rft.aufirst=Florence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalyes" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gauls" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gallic_peoples" title="Template:Gallic peoples"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gallic_peoples" title="Template talk:Gallic peoples"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gallic_peoples" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gallic peoples"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gauls" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gauls" title="Gauls">Gauls</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Allia" title="Battle of the Allia">Battle of the Allia</a> (ca. 387 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_settlement_of_Southeast_Europe" title="Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe">Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatian_War" title="Galatian War">Galatian War</a> (189 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Transalpine_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Transalpine War">First Transalpine War</a> (125–121 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallic_Wars" title="Gallic Wars">Gallic Wars</a> (58–50 BC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Gaul" title="Roman Gaul">Roman Gaul</a> (50 BC–476 AD)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sequani_coin_5th_to_1st_century_BCE.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sequani gold coin"><img alt="Sequani gold coin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Sequani_coin_5th_to_1st_century_BCE.jpg/70px-Sequani_coin_5th_to_1st_century_BCE.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Sequani_coin_5th_to_1st_century_BCE.jpg/105px-Sequani_coin_5th_to_1st_century_BCE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Sequani_coin_5th_to_1st_century_BCE.jpg/140px-Sequani_coin_5th_to_1st_century_BCE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1954" data-file-height="1977" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambactus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambactus (page does not exist)">Ambactus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bard" title="Bard">Bard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druid" title="Druid">Druid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eubages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eubages (page does not exist)">Eubages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallo-Roman_culture" title="Gallo-Roman culture">Gallo-Roman culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemeton" title="Nemeton">Nemeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppidum" title="Oppidum">Oppidum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaulish" title="Gaulish">Language</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Gaulish" title="Cisalpine Gaulish">Cisalpine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galatian_language" title="Galatian language">Galatian</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_T%C3%A8ne_culture" title="La Tène culture">La Tène culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaulish_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaulish religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vates" title="Vates">Vātes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vergobret" title="Vergobret">Vergobret</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Gallia_Belgica" title="Gallia Belgica">Belgica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambiani" title="Ambiani">Ambiani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aresaces" title="Aresaces">Aresaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atrebates" title="Atrebates">Atrebates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atuatuci" title="Atuatuci">Atuatuci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellovaci" title="Bellovaci">Bellovaci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caeracates" title="Caeracates">Caeracates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caeroesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Caeroesi">Caeroesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caletes" title="Caletes">Caletes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catuslugi" title="Catuslugi">Catuslugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalauni" title="Catalauni">Catalauni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condrusi" title="Condrusi">Condrusi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eburones" title="Eburones">Eburones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leuci" title="Leuci">Leuci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediomatrici" title="Mediomatrici">Mediomatrici</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meldi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meldi (page does not exist)">Meldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menapii" title="Menapii">Menapii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morini" title="Morini">Morini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemetes" title="Nemetes">Nemetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nervii" title="Nervii">Nervii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paemani" title="Paemani">Paemani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remi" title="Remi">Remi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvanectes" title="Silvanectes">Silvanectes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suessiones" title="Suessiones">Suessiones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treveri" title="Treveri">Treveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triboci" title="Triboci">Triboci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veliocasses" title="Veliocasses">Veliocasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viromandui" title="Viromandui">Viromandui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Gallia_Celtica" title="Gallia Celtica">Celtica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abrincatui" title="Abrincatui">Abrincatui</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambiliati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambiliati (page does not exist)">Ambiliati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aedui" title="Aedui">Aedui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambarri" title="Ambarri">Ambarri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andecavi" title="Andecavi">Andecavi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arouii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arouii (page does not exist)">Arouii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arverni" title="Arverni">Arverni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aulerci" title="Aulerci">Aulerci</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brannovices" title="Brannovices">Brannovices</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aulerci_Cenomani" title="Aulerci Cenomani">Cenomani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diablintes" title="Diablintes">Diablintes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eburovices" title="Eburovices">Eburovices</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodiocasses" title="Bodiocasses">Bodiocasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bituriges_Cubi" title="Bituriges Cubi">Bituriges Cubi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bituriges_Vivisci" title="Bituriges Vivisci">Bituriges Vivisci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadurci" title="Cadurci">Cadurci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnutes" title="Carnutes">Carnutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coriosolites" title="Coriosolites">Coriosolites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durocasses" title="Durocasses">Durocasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esuvii" title="Esuvii">Esuvii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabali" title="Gabali">Gabali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helvetii" title="Helvetii">Helvetii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latobrigi" title="Latobrigi">Latobrigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemovices" title="Lemovices">Lemovices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexovii" title="Lexovii">Lexovii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingones" title="Lingones">Lingones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandubii" title="Mandubii">Mandubii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namnetes" title="Namnetes">Namnetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitiobroges" title="Nitiobroges">Nitiobroges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osismii" title="Osismii">Osismii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parisii_(Gaul)" title="Parisii (Gaul)">Parisii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrocorii" title="Petrocorii">Petrocorii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictones" title="Pictones">Pictones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rauraci" title="Rauraci">Rauraci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redones" title="Redones">Redones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruteni" title="Ruteni">Ruteni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sagii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sagii (page does not exist)">Sagii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santoni_(tribe)" title="Santoni (tribe)">Santoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senones" title="Senones">Senones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segusiavi" title="Segusiavi">Segusiavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequani" title="Sequani">Sequani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tigurini" title="Tigurini">Tigurini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricasses" title="Tricasses">Tricasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulingi" title="Tulingi">Tulingi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turoni" title="Turoni">Turoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellavii" title="Vellavii">Vellavii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venelli" title="Venelli">Venelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneti_(Gaul)" title="Veneti (Gaul)">Veneti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viducasses" title="Viducasses">Viducasses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Gallia_Narbonensis" title="Gallia Narbonensis">Narbonensis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agesinates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agesinates (page does not exist)">Agesinates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albici (page does not exist)">Albici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allobroges" title="Allobroges">Allobroges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatilii" title="Anatilii">Anatilii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atacini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atacini (page does not exist)">Atacini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avatici" title="Avatici">Avatici</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bormani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bormani (page does not exist)">Bormani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budenicenses" title="Budenicenses">Budenicenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camactulici" title="Camactulici">Camactulici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavari" title="Cavari">Cavari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cenomani_(Narbonensis)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cenomani (Narbonensis) (page does not exist)">Cenomani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comani_(tribe)" title="Comani (tribe)">Comani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexivates" title="Dexivates">Dexivates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helvii" title="Helvii">Helvii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libicii_(Narbonensis)" title="Libicii (Narbonensis)">Libicii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligauni" title="Ligauni">Ligauni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Longostaletes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longostaletes (page does not exist)">Longostaletes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Memini_(tribe)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Memini (tribe) (page does not exist)">Memini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nearchi" title="Nearchi">Nearchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxybii" title="Oxybii">Oxybii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reii" title="Reii">Reii</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segobrigii" title="Segobrigii">Segobrigii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segovellauni" title="Segovellauni">Segovellauni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suelteri" title="Suelteri">Suelteri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolosates" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolosates">Tolosates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricastini" title="Tricastini">Tricastini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricores" title="Tricores">Tricores</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tricorii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tricorii (page does not exist)">Tricorii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritolli" title="Tritolli">Tritolli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vertamocorii_(Narbonensis)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vertamocorii (Narbonensis) (page does not exist)">Vertamocorii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verucini" title="Verucini">Verucini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocontii" title="Vocontii">Vocontii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcae" title="Volcae">Volcae</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arecomici" title="Arecomici">Arecomici</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tectosages" title="Tectosages">Tectosages</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vulgientes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vulgientes (page does not exist)">Vulgientes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Gallia_Alpina" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallia Alpina">Alpina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acitavones" title="Acitavones">Acitavones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adanates" title="Adanates">Adanates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adunicates" title="Adunicates">Adunicates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alauni" title="Alauni">Alauni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambidravi" title="Ambidravi">Ambidravi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambilici" title="Ambilici">Ambilici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambisontes" title="Ambisontes">Ambisontes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aneuniates" title="Aneuniates">Aneuniates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ausuciates" title="Ausuciates">Ausuciates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avantici" title="Avantici">Avantici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belaci" title="Belaci">Belaci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belouni" title="Belouni">Belouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benacenses" title="Benacenses">Benacenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergalei" title="Bergalei">Bergalei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodiontici" title="Bodiontici">Bodiontici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigantii" title="Brigantii">Brigantii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigianii" title="Brigianii">Brigianii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brixentes" title="Brixentes">Brixentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calucones" title="Calucones">Calucones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carni" title="Carni">Carni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catenates" title="Catenates">Catenates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catubrini" title="Catubrini">Catubrini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caturiges" title="Caturiges">Caturiges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceutrones" title="Ceutrones">Ceutrones</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cosuanetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cosuanetes (page does not exist)">Cosuanetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecdinii" title="Ecdinii">Ecdinii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eguiturii" title="Eguiturii">Eguiturii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallitae" title="Gallitae">Gallitae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genauni" title="Genauni">Genauni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graioceli" title="Graioceli">Graioceli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iemerii" title="Iemerii">Iemerii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingauni" title="Ingauni">Ingauni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licates" title="Licates">Licates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medulli" title="Medulli">Medulli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantuates" title="Nantuates">Nantuates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemaloni" title="Nemaloni">Nemaloni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemeturii" title="Nemeturii">Nemeturii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quariates" title="Quariates">Quariates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rucinates" title="Rucinates">Rucinates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salassi" title="Salassi">Salassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savincates" title="Savincates">Savincates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebaginni" title="Sebaginni">Sebaginni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seduni" title="Seduni">Seduni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segovii" title="Segovii">Segovii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segusini" title="Segusini">Segusini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentii" title="Sentii">Sentii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sogionti" title="Sogionti">Sogionti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suanetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suanetes (page does not exist)">Suanetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suetrii" title="Suetrii">Suetrii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tebavii" title="Tebavii">Tebavii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triulatti" title="Triulatti">Triulatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ucennii" title="Ucennii">Ucennii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vediantii" title="Vediantii">Vediantii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velaunii" title="Velaunii">Velaunii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venisami" title="Venisami">Venisami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venostes" title="Venostes">Venostes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vennones" title="Vennones">Vennones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veragri" title="Veragri">Veragri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vergunni" title="Vergunni">Vergunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesubiani" title="Vesubiani">Vesubiani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vindelici" title="Vindelici">Vindelici</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Gallia_Cisalpina" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallia Cisalpina">Cisalpina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anamares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anamares (page does not exist)">Anamares</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anauni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anauni (page does not exist)">Anauni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anesiates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anesiates (page does not exist)">Anesiates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arusnates" title="Arusnates">Arusnates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagienni" title="Bagienni">Bagienni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boii_(Cisalpine_Gaul)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boii (Cisalpine Gaul) (page does not exist)">Boii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bromanenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bromanenses (page does not exist)">Bromanenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cenomani_(Cisalpine_Gaul)" title="Cenomani (Cisalpine Gaul)">Cenomani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gallianates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gallianates (page does not exist)">Gallianates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gennanates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gennanates (page does not exist)">Gennanates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insubres" title="Insubres">Insubres</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Libicii_(Cisalpine_Gaul)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libicii (Cisalpine Gaul) (page does not exist)">Libicii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marici_(tribe)" title="Marici (tribe)">Marici</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Montunates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montunates (page does not exist)">Montunates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orobii" title="Orobii">Orobii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subinates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subinates (page does not exist)">Subinates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taurini" title="Taurini">Taurini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertamocorii" title="Vertamocorii">Vertamocorii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Votodrones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Votodrones (page does not exist)">Votodrones</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Gallia_Aquitania" title="Gallia Aquitania">Aquitania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boii_(Aquitania)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boii (Aquitania) (page does not exist)">Boii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocosates" title="Cocosates">Cocosates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lactorates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lactorates (page does not exist)">Lactorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotiates" title="Sotiates">Sotiates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarusates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tarusates (page does not exist)">Tarusates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vasates_(tribe)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vasates (tribe) (page does not exist)">Vasates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Celtic_settlement_of_Southeast_Europe" title="Celtic settlement of Southeast Europe">Eastern Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anartes" title="Anartes">Anartes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabiates" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabiates">Arabiates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boii" title="Boii">Boii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Britolagai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Britolagai (page does not exist)">Britolagai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornacates" class="mw-redirect" title="Cornacates">Cornacates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costoboci" title="Costoboci">Costoboci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotini" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotini">Gotini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eravisci" title="Eravisci">Eravisci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercuniates" class="mw-redirect" title="Hercuniates">Hercuniates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latobici" title="Latobici">Latobici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scordisci" title="Scordisci">Scordisci</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dindari" title="Dindari">Dindari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Celegeri" title="Celegeri">Celegeri</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serdi" title="Serdi">Serdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taurisci" title="Taurisci">Taurisci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varciani" title="Varciani">Varciani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Galatia" title="Galatia">Galatia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aigosages" title="Aigosages">Aigosages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectosages" title="Tectosages">Tectosages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolistobogii" title="Tolistobogii">Tolistobogii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trocmi" title="Trocmi">Trocmi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-Roman<br />settlements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alesia_(city)" title="Alesia (city)">Alesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentomagus" title="Argentomagus">Argentomagus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avaricum" title="Avaricum">Avaricum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basel-M%C3%BCnsterh%C3%BCgel" title="Basel-Münsterhügel">Basel-Münsterhügel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibracte" title="Bibracte">Bibracte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibrax" title="Bibrax">Bibrax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cenabum" title="Cenabum">Cenabum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cularo" title="Cularo">Cularo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oppidum_d%27Ens%C3%A9rune" title="Oppidum d'Ensérune">Ensérune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entremont_(oppidum)" title="Entremont (oppidum)">Entremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gergovia" title="Gergovia">Gergovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magetobria" title="Magetobria">Magetobria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noreia" title="Noreia">Noreia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tylis" title="Tylis">Tylis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertillum" title="Vertillum">Vertillum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><i>Part of:</i> <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ligures" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ligurian_peoples" title="Template:Ligurian peoples"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Ligurian_peoples&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Ligurian peoples (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ligurian_peoples" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ligurian peoples"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ligures" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ligures" title="Ligures">Ligures</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apuani" title="Apuani">Apuani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagienni" title="Bagienni">Bagienni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Binbelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Binbelli (page does not exist)">Binbelli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bivelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bivelli (page does not exist)">Bivelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briniates" title="Briniates">Briniates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catuci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catuci (page does not exist)">Catuci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deciates" title="Deciates">Deciates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eguiturii" title="Eguiturii">Eguiturii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epanterii" title="Epanterii">Epanterii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euburiates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euburiates (page does not exist)">Euburiates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friniates" title="Friniates">Friniates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garuli" title="Garuli">Garuli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genuates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genuates (page does not exist)">Genuates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercates" title="Hercates">Hercates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iadatini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iadatini (page does not exist)">Iadatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iemerii" title="Iemerii">Iemerii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilvates" title="Ilvates">Ilvates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingauni" title="Ingauni">Ingauni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intimilii" title="Intimilii">Intimilii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laevi" title="Laevi">Laevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapicini" title="Lapicini">Lapicini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Libici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libici (page does not exist)">Libici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligauni" title="Ligauni">Ligauni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ligues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ligues (page does not exist)">Ligues</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maielli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maielli (page does not exist)">Maielli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marici_(tribe)" title="Marici (tribe)">Marici</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matici&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matici (page does not exist)">Matici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nearchi" title="Nearchi">Nearchi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nerusii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nerusii (page does not exist)">Nerusii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orobii" title="Orobii">Orobii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxybii" title="Oxybii">Oxybii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reii" title="Reii">Reii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roudelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roudelli (page does not exist)">Roudelli</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segobrigii" title="Segobrigii">Segobrigii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statielli" title="Statielli">Statielli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taurini" title="Taurini">Taurini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tigulli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tigulli (page does not exist)">Tigulli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veaminii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veaminii (page does not exist)">Veaminii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vediantii" title="Vediantii">Vediantii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viturii_Langenses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viturii Langenses (page does not exist)">Viturii Langenses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salyes&oldid=1188993593">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salyes&oldid=1188993593</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Salyes" 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