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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Katalysator</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 47 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalizator" title="Katalizator – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Katalizator" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Каталізатар – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Каталізатар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalizator" title="Katalizator – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Katalizator" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalitzador" title="Catalitzador – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Catalitzador" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalyz%C3%A1tor" title="Katalyzátor – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Katalyzátor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalysator_(kemi)" title="Katalysator (kemi) – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Katalysator (kemi)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalysator" title="Katalysator – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Katalysator" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katal%C3%BCsaator" title="Katalüsaator – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Katalüsaator" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalyst" title="Catalyst – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Catalyst" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B1" title="کاتالیزور – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاتالیزور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalysator" title="Katalysator – västfrisiska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Katalysator" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="västfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catala%C3%ADoch" title="Catalaíoch – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Catalaíoch" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalizador" title="Catalizador – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Catalizador" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B4%89%EB%A7%A4" title="촉매 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="촉매" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Կատալիզատոր – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կատալիզատոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalizator" title="Katalizator – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Katalizator" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalysator" title="Catalysator – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Catalysator" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalizzatore" title="Catalizzatore – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Catalizzatore" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%96" title="זרז – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זרז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="კატალიზატორი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კატალიზატორი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Катализатор – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Катализатор" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Катализаторлор – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Катализаторлор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalizatorius" title="Katalizatorius – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Katalizatorius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kataliz%C3%A1tor" title="Katalizátor – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Katalizátor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Катализатор – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Катализатор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C5%ADi-hu%C3%A1" title="Chŭi-huá – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chŭi-huá" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Катализатор – mongoliska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Катализатор" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalysator" title="Katalysator – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Katalysator" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%A6%E5%AA%92" title="触媒 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="触媒" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalysator" title="Katalysator – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Katalysator" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalysator" title="Katalysator – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Katalysator" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalisador" title="Catalisador – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Catalisador" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalizator" title="Katalizator – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Katalizator" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalisador" title="Catalisador – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Catalisador" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalizator" title="Catalizator – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Catalizator" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Катализатор – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Катализатор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalysator" title="Katalysator – saterfrisiska" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Katalysator" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalizatori" title="Katalizatori – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Katalizatori" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalyz%C3%A1tor_(ch%C3%A9mia)" title="Katalyzátor (chémia) – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Katalyzátor (chémia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalizator" title="Katalizator – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Katalizator" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Катализатор – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Катализатор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalizator" title="Katalizator – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Katalizator" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katalyytti" title="Katalyytti – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Katalyytti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Каталізатор – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Каталізатор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%89%82" title="催化剂 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="催化剂" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%8A%91" title="催化劑 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="催化劑" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%89%82" title="催化剂 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="催化剂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12385831#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Katalysator" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Katalysator" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r51224235">.mw-parser-output table.ambox{margin:0 10%;border-collapse:collapse;background:#fbfbfb;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #608ec2}.mw-parser-output table.ambox th.ambox-text,.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-text{padding:.25em .5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-image{padding:2px 0 2px .5em;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-imageright{padding:2px 4px 2px 0;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #608ec2}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete,.mw-parser-output table.ambox-serious{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-merge{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox{border-top-width:0}.mw-parser-output .messagebox{border:1px solid #aaaaaa;background-color:#f8f9fa;width:80%;margin:0 auto 1em auto;padding:.2em}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.merge{border:1px solid #c0b8cc;background-color:#f0e5ff;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.cleanup{border:1px solid #9f9fff;background-color:#efefff;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.standard-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.nested-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba;width:100%;margin:2px 4px}</style><table class="metadata ambox ambox-style" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Commons-emblem-query.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Commons-emblem-query.svg/40px-Commons-emblem-query.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Commons-emblem-query.svg/60px-Commons-emblem-query.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Commons-emblem-query.svg/80px-Commons-emblem-query.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text">Den här artikeln eller det här avsnittet <b>anses vara <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spr%C3%A5kv%C3%A5rd" title="Wikipedia:Språkvård">onödigt fackspråklig</a>.</b> <small>(2019-03)</small> <br /><small>Hjälp gärna Wikipedia med att <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Skriv_ut_det_sj%C3%A4lvklara" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Skriv ut det självklara">förtydliga texten</a> och göra den mer lättläst. Se eventuellt <a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Katalysator" title="Diskussion:Katalysator">diskussionssidan</a> för mer information. <br />Om artikeln inte åtgärdats inom tre år från dess att den märkts upp kan den komma att raderas.</small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <dl><dd><i>Denna artikel handlar om katalysatorer som generellt kemiskt begrepp. För den vanligaste tekniska tillämpningen, se <a href="/wiki/Katalytisk_avgasrening" title="Katalytisk avgasrening">katalytisk avgasrening</a> (har inte mycket med en katalysators funktion att göra)</i></dd></dl> <p>En <b>katalysator</b> är ett ämne som utan att själv förbrukas ändrar <a href="/wiki/Reaktionskinetik" class="mw-redirect" title="Reaktionskinetik">kinetiken</a> hos en <a href="/wiki/Termodynamik" title="Termodynamik">termodynamiskt</a> tillåten <a href="/wiki/Kemi" title="Kemi">kemisk</a> reaktion genom att öppna en alternativ reaktionsväg med lägre <a href="/wiki/Aktiveringsenergi" title="Aktiveringsenergi">aktiveringsenergi</a> så att fler partiklar har tillräckligt hög energi för att kunna reagera. På detta sätt accelererar en katalysator reaktionen så att den kan utföras vid lägre temperatur och tryck. En katalysator kan också påverka reaktionens <a href="/w/index.php?title=Selektivitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selektivitet [inte skriven än]">selektivitet</a> genom att minska de olika aktiveringsenergierna i ett <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reaktionsn%C3%A4tverk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reaktionsnätverk [inte skriven än]">reaktionsnätverk</a> olika mycket. Sammantaget kan man säga att en katalysator påskyndar en kemisk reaktion. </p><p>Katalysatorer kan ha olika <a href="/wiki/Aggregationstillst%C3%A5nd" title="Aggregationstillstånd">aggregationstillstånd</a>: gas, vätska eller fast fas. Man skiljer mellan <i>homogena</i> och <i>heterogena</i> katalysatorer. Homogena katalysatorer befinner sig i samma <a href="/wiki/Fas_(termodynamik)" title="Fas (termodynamik)">fas</a> som reaktanter och reaktionsprodukter, medan heterogena katalysatorer bildar en egen fas. Fasta katalysatorer är därför alltid heterogena. Reaktionen sker här vid yttre eller om katalysatorn är porös också vid inre ytan. Ofta är inte hela materialet katalytiskt aktiv utan bara vissa ställen som kallas <i>aktiva centrum</i>. Att mäta deras antal är inte enkelt, eftersom deras struktur ofta är okänd. </p><p>På grund av experimentell osäkerhet är det ibland inte lätt att skilja en katalytisk reaktion från en <a href="/wiki/St%C3%B6kiometri" title="Stökiometri">stökiometrisk</a>. Därför gäller att det uppmätta antalet reagerade partiklar per aktivt centrum måste vara högre än 100.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De flesta så kallade katalysatorer är egentligen <i>prekatalysatorer</i>, det vill säga att de är inte aktiva som de är utan måste transformeras till den katalytiskt aktiva formen genom en aktiverande behandling, till exempel upphettning. </p><p>Motsatsen till katalysator är antikatalysator. Ett ämne som gör att en kemisk reaktion sker långsammare. Exempel på användning av antikatalysator är tillsats till styren, för att förhindra att det självpolymeriseras. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exempel_på_tekniska_tillämpningar_av_katalysatorer"><span id="Exempel_p.C3.A5_tekniska_till.C3.A4mpningar_av_katalysatorer"></span>Exempel på tekniska tillämpningar av katalysatorer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalysator&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Exempel på tekniska tillämpningar av katalysatorer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalysator&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Exempel på tekniska tillämpningar av katalysatorer"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Katalytisk_avgasrening" title="Katalytisk avgasrening">Katalytisk avgasrening</a> i bilar eller andra tekniska system där <a href="/wiki/Avgas" title="Avgas">avgaser</a> uppstår. I denna typ av katalysatorer katalyserar <a href="/wiki/Platina" title="Platina">platina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium">rhenium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">palladium</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Rodium" title="Rodium">rodium</a> omvandlingen av <a href="/wiki/Kolmonoxid" title="Kolmonoxid">kolmonoxid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kolv%C3%A4ten" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolväten">kolväten</a> och <a href="/wiki/Kv%C3%A4veoxider" title="Kväveoxider">kväveoxider</a> till <a href="/wiki/Koldioxid" title="Koldioxid">koldioxid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syrgas" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrgas">syrgas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vatten%C3%A5nga" title="Vattenånga">vattenånga</a> och <a href="/wiki/Kv%C3%A4vgas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kvävgas">kvävgas</a>.</li> <li>Oxidation av svaveldioxid till svaveltrioxid. Ingår i tillverkningen av svavelsyra.</li> <li>Polymerisation av eten eller propen till polyeten eller polypropen.</li> <li>Tillverkning av ammoniak från kväve och väte.</li> <li>Oxidation av metanol till formaldehyd.</li> <li>Oxidation av naftalen till ftalsyraanhydrid. Katalysator tenndioxid + vanadinpentoxid.</li> <li>Avsvavling av bensin med vätgas. Katalysator koboltmolybdat.</li> <li>Krackning av kolväte. Katalysator aluminiumoxid + kiseldioxid + zirkoniumdioxid.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalysator&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalysator&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katalys" title="Katalys">Katalys</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalysator&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katalysator&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text">G.A. Somorjai, ”Introduction to surface chemistry and catalysis”, Wiley, New York m.f. 1994, s. 446.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Chemical Engineering, december, 1951</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Katalysator&oldid=54617727">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Katalysator&oldid=54617727</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kemiska_reaktioner" title="Kategori:Kemiska reaktioner">Kemiska reaktioner</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Katalysatorer" title="Kategori:Katalysatorer">Katalysatorer</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Dolda kategorier: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Wikipedia:Fackspr%C3%A5k_2019-03" title="Kategori:Wikipedia:Fackspråk 2019-03">Wikipedia:Fackspråk 2019-03</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Wikipedia:Fackspr%C3%A5k-samtliga" title="Kategori:Wikipedia:Fackspråk-samtliga">Wikipedia:Fackspråk-samtliga</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 15 april 2024 kl. 15.37.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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