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href="/wiki/Talk:Bled_agreement_(1938)" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Bled+agreement+%281938%29" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Bled_agreement_(1938)&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>The <b>Bled agreement</b> of 22 August 1938 revoked some of the restrictions placed on <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungary</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Trianon" title="Treaty of Trianon">Treaty of Trianon</a> for its involvement on the losing side in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. Representatives of Hungary and three of its neighbours—the so-called "<a href="/wiki/Little_Entente" title="Little Entente">Little Entente</a>" of <a href="/wiki/First_Czechoslovak_Republic" title="First Czechoslovak Republic">Czechoslovakia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romania</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>—first met at <a href="/wiki/Bled" title="Bled">Bled</a> in Yugoslavia on 21 August. The next day, they announced a joint renunciation of the use of force in their mutual relations, and the Little Entente recognised Hungary as having an equal right to armaments.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBán200437–38_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>That gave Hungary legal cover for the recreation of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Air_Force" title="Hungarian Air Force">Hungarian Air Force</a>, which had already begun in secret, and for the increase of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Army">Hungarian Army</a>'s manpower, guns and munitions. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Background"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Background</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Czechoslovakia's_isolation"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Czechoslovakia's isolation</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Hungary's_excessive_demands"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Hungary's excessive demands</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Hungarian_re-armament"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Hungarian re-armament</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Sources"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Sources</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bled_agreement_(1938)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>There had been efforts at rapprochement between Hungary and Czechoslovakia in February and June 1937 during which the latter had asked for a mutual non-aggression pact as part of any deal recognising Hungary's right to re-arm. As the re-armament had already occurred on a limited scale without protest from Czechoslovakia or its allies, Hungary rejected the overtures.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKrempa200872_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKrempa200872-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two events convinced the Hungarians to pursue an accord with the Little Entente. One was the <a href="/wiki/Salonika_Agreement" title="Salonika Agreement">Salonika Agreement</a> of 31 July by which <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> had obtained permission to re-arm from the members of the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Pact" title="Balkan Pact">Balkan Pact</a>, including Yugoslavia and Romania.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482–83_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other was Romania's enactment in early August of a minority protection statute that was more liberal than Hungary had expected. Thus, although Hungary was willing to negotiate non-aggression and re-armament with the Entente as a unit, it reserved the question of minorities to individual agreements with the member states.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482–83_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The timing of the agreement was related to the scheduled launching of the <a href="/wiki/German_cruiser_Prinz_Eugen" title="German cruiser Prinz Eugen">German cruiser <i>Prinz Eugen</i></a> by the Hungarian first lady, <a href="/wiki/Magdolna_Purgly" title="Magdolna Purgly">Magdolna Purgly</a>, on 22 August. The Hungarian government believed that its position towards <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a> would be strengthened if it had a pact with the Little Entente completed by the time that officials from both countries would meet in <a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a> for the cruiser's launch.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482–83_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Czechoslovakia's_isolation"><span id="Czechoslovakia.27s_isolation"></span>Czechoslovakia's isolation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bled_agreement_(1938)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Czechoslovakia's isolation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>The accord was the biggest piece of international news in the evening papers in London on the night of 22 August.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBán200437–38_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also praised in the press in France and the Little Entente. It was met with anger by Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÁdám199992–93_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE%C3%81d%C3%A1m199992%E2%80%9393-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The actual agreement was complicated and incomplete. Although the question of the Hungarian minority in Romania had been resolved earlier that month, the same question with regards to Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia was still open. On three points of dispute, the Hungarians and the Yugoslavs came to an understanding in separate accords that were appended to the general accord and initialed but not signed. A final agreement between Hungary and Czechoslovakia on the minority question remained uninitialed because the latter could not satisfy the former's stronger demands.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÁdám199992–93_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE%C3%81d%C3%A1m199992%E2%80%9393-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKrempa2008112–14_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKrempa2008112%E2%80%9314-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Czechoslovak Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Kamil_Krofta" title="Kamil Krofta">Kamil Krofta</a> informed the Yugoslavs before the conference that although it was "a case of discrimination [against us]... we wish to contribute to an agreement".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482–83_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The result was that Hungary could come to a general agreement with all three of its neighbours but hold up implementation with respect to the only one that bordered Germany as well: Czechoslovakia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinchester1976417_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWinchester1976417-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Only Italy saw the agreement for what it was. The Italian foreign minister, <a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Galeazzo Ciano</a>, remarked that it "marked a new phase in the crumbling of the Little Entente. Czechoslovakia is isolated. The <a href="/wiki/Cordon_sanitaire_(international_relations)" title="Cordon sanitaire (international relations)">French system of friendships</a> is completely upset".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÁdám199992–93_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE%C3%81d%C3%A1m199992%E2%80%9393-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bled conference itself was held without Italy or Austria being consulted and so was in violation of the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Protocols" title="Rome Protocols">Rome Protocols</a>, which had been agreed to by the three powers in 1934,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinchester1976417_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWinchester1976417-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and of their supplementary agreements made during conferences at Rome (20–23 March 1936) and Vienna (11–12 November 1936). (At the latter, Hungary had received recognition that the Little Entente states had an interest in its re-armament.)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEH._L.19364_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEH._L.19364-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 August, the Hungarian prime minister, <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Imr%C3%A9dy" title="Béla Imrédy">Béla Imrédy</a>, and foreign minister, <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1lm%C3%A1n_K%C3%A1nya" title="Kálmán Kánya">Kálmán Kánya</a>, met their German counterparts, <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joachim_von_Ribbentrop" title="Joachim von Ribbentrop">Joachim von Ribbentrop</a>, at the naval review in <a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a>. The Germans, especially Ribbentrop, were incensed at the recently-published agreement since they were contemplating war against Czechoslovakia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBán200437–38_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 August in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Ribbentrop further pressured Kánya about Hungary's reaction to a German invasion of Czechoslovakia. Kánya suggested that the Bled agreement might be invalidated by making demands on the Entente and that Hungary's armed forces would be prepared to partake in a Czechoslovak conflict as early as 1 October.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBán200437–38_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEÁdám199992–93_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE%C3%81d%C3%A1m199992%E2%80%9393-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hitler told Kánya directly that Hungary, if it wanted to benefit from the <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_Czechoslovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="German occupation of Czechoslovakia">partition of Czechoslovakia</a>, must work towards making that happen: "He who wants to sit at the table must at least help in the kitchen".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShirer1960377_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShirer1960377-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hungarian military would certainly not have been ready to participate in any conflict by October 1, as both governments must have known.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482–83_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Hungary's_excessive_demands"><span id="Hungary.27s_excessive_demands"></span>Hungary's excessive demands</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bled_agreement_(1938)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hungary's excessive demands" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>The method proposed by Kánya to the Germans to invalidate the Bled agreement was to "make excessive demands on the matter of the [Hungarian] minorities in the Little Entente states".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBán200437–38_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 September 1938, in <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, Imrédy gave an interview to a diplomatic correspondent of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i> in which, the newspaper reported the next morning, he downplayed the significance of the agreement as it had been reported by the London papers because its full implementation would come about only when the question of Hungarian minorities had been settled.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBán2004131_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n2004131-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Bled agreement contains an early indication of the ebb of the prestige of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a>. The Permanent Council of the Little Entente recognised that "in existing circumstances the League of Nations cannot completely carry out the tasks entrusted to it by the authors of the Covenant".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOldson1977183_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOldson1977183-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A communiqué of the Yugoslav government, dated 31 August, clarified that Yugoslavia "had not renounced her prior obligations" by signing the Bled agreement. <a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring" title="Hermann Göring">Hermann Göring</a>, however, told the Hungarian government on 9 September that the Yugoslav regent, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Paul_of_Yugoslavia" title="Prince Paul of Yugoslavia">Prince Paul</a>, had assured him that he would "in no circumstances intervene against Hungary, not even if the latter got involved in a conflict with Czechoslovakia".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197486_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERoman197486-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Hungarian_re-armament">Hungarian re-armament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bled_agreement_(1938)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hungarian re-armament" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>Almost from its signing, the Treaty of Trianon had been contravened by "secret" re-armament under tight budgetary constraints. Although that was general knowledge, Hungary's neighbours and the <a href="/wiki/Great_powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Great powers">great powers</a> looked the other way. The official Hungarian position had been that Hungary had a right to re-arm, but the Bled agreement gave it legal cover so that the re-armament programme could shed its nominal secrecy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKrempa200872_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKrempa200872-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even before Trianon, Hungary had begun to plan its secret air force and lay the administrative groundwork. In the 1920s, however, the victorious powers' Aviation Supervisory Committee quashed every effort to circumvent disarmament.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzabó2005194–95_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B32005194%E2%80%9395-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1932, a plan for a future air force of 48 squadrons was approved. In March 1935, the Director of the Aviation Office, who was <i>de facto</i> commander of the secret air force, urged "set[ting] the goal that we become a serious opponent towards at least one of the surrounding Little Entente states".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzabó2005194–95_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B32005194%E2%80%9395-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1 October 1937, the secret air force had reached a strength of 192 planes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzabó20051995_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B320051995-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As expected, Hungary was not prepared for war by 1 October, but on 6 October, all air force units (except for two short-range reconnaissance squadrons) were ordered to ready for deployment. None was ready on time. In the end, the air force was not needed, as Italy and Germany mediated the <a href="/wiki/First_Vienna_Award" title="First Vienna Award">First Vienna Award</a>, which solved Hungary's revisionist claims on Czechoslovakia without war.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzabó2005194–95_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B32005194%E2%80%9395-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was conflict within the government over command of the air force until 1 January 1939, when it was finally proclaimed a separate branch of the armed forces. It received its baptism of fire during the brief <a href="/wiki/Slovak%E2%80%93Hungarian_War" title="Slovak–Hungarian War">Slovak–Hungarian War</a> (23 March – 4 April 1939).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzabó2005194–95_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B32005194%E2%80%9395-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bled_agreement_(1938)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Czechoslovakia–Yugoslavia relations">Czechoslovakia–Yugoslavia relations</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bled_agreement_(1938)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBán200437–38-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n200437%E2%80%9338_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFB%C3%A1n2004">Bán 2004</a>, pp. 37–38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKrempa200872-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKrempa200872_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKrempa200872_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrempa2008">Krempa 2008</a>, p. 72.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoman197482–83-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197482%E2%80%9383_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoman1974">Roman 1974</a>, pp. 82–83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEÁdám199992–93-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE%C3%81d%C3%A1m199992%E2%80%9393_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE%C3%81d%C3%A1m199992%E2%80%9393_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE%C3%81d%C3%A1m199992%E2%80%9393_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE%C3%81d%C3%A1m199992%E2%80%9393_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF%C3%81d%C3%A1m1999">Ádám 1999</a>, pp. 92–93.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKrempa2008112–14-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKrempa2008112%E2%80%9314_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrempa2008">Krempa 2008</a>, pp. 112–14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWinchester1976417-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinchester1976417_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWinchester1976417_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWinchester1976">Winchester 1976</a>, p. 417.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEH._L.19364-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEH._L.19364_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFH._L.1936">H. L. 1936</a>, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShirer1960377-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShirer1960377_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShirer1960">Shirer 1960</a>, p. 377.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBán2004131-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEB%C3%A1n2004131_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFB%C3%A1n2004">Bán 2004</a>, p. 131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOldson1977183-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOldson1977183_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOldson1977">Oldson 1977</a>, p. 183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERoman197486-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERoman197486_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRoman1974">Roman 1974</a>, p. 86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzabó2005194–95-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B32005194%E2%80%9395_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B32005194%E2%80%9395_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B32005194%E2%80%9395_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B32005194%E2%80%9395_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzab%C3%B32005">Szabó 2005</a>, pp. 194–95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESzabó20051995-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESzab%C3%B320051995_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSzab%C3%B32005">Szabó 2005</a>, p. 1995: including "six fighter planes, eight day bombers, two night bombers, and two remote reconnaissance squadrons".</span> </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Bled_agreement_(1938)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFÁdám1999" class="citation journal cs1">Ádám, Magda (1999). "The Munich Crisis and Hungary: The Fall of the Versailles Settlement in Central Europe". <i>Diplomacy and Statecraft</i>. <b>10</b> (2–3): 82–121. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F09592299908406126">10.1080/09592299908406126</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diplomacy+and+Statecraft&rft.atitle=The+Munich+Crisis+and+Hungary%3A+The+Fall+of+the+Versailles+Settlement+in+Central+Europe&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2%E2%80%933&rft.pages=82-121&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F09592299908406126&rft.aulast=%C3%81d%C3%A1m&rft.aufirst=Magda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABled+agreement+%281938%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoisdron2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Boisdron, Matthieu (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01167102">"Les accords de Bled : la France, la Petite Entente et l'attribution de l'égalité des droits à la Hongrie (septembre 1937–octobre 1938)"</a>. In Bene, Krisztián; Dávid, Ferenc (eds.). <i>Entre coopération et antagonismes: Les dimensions des relations franco-hongroises, de l'époque moderne à l'intégration européenne</i>. 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