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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Husa knife</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>A <b>Husa knife</b>, also sometimes called <b>Achang knife</b>, is a traditional forged weapon of the <a href="/wiki/Achang_people" title="Achang people">Achang people</a> of China. The Achang live mainly in the village of "Husa", and smaller villages nearby, in <a href="/wiki/Longchuan_County,_Yunnan" title="Longchuan County, Yunnan">Longchuan County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dehong_Autonomous_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Dehong Autonomous Prefecture">Dehong Autonomous Prefecture</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yunnan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunnan Province">Yunnan Province</a>, near the border between China and Burma.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Husa is well known for its knife and sword makers, who have sold their products to Burma and regions along the Nu River since ancient times. The Achang craftsmen make a variety of types of blades.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Husa knives are made with a special process which gives the metal a pure texture and a really sharp and durable blade.<sup id="cite_ref-Yu2007_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yu2007-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The handles and sheaths are also inscribed with various traditional patterns, such as "flying <a href="/wiki/Dragon" title="Dragon">dragon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)" title="Phoenix (mythology)">phoenix</a>", "tiger roaring", and "eastern sunrise", making each knife a work of art.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each Achang family keeps at least one knife of high quality. When young Achang men get married, they carry back knives to show their heroic vitality. This ethnic custom has continued to the present time.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Husa_knife&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Forging techniques have been passed down through the generations of the Achang people since the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a>. According to historical records, around 600 years ago, during the "<a href="/wiki/Hongwu" title="Hongwu">Hongwu</a>" period of the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a>, soldiers from the army of <a href="/wiki/Mu_Ying" title="Mu Ying">Mu Ying</a>, a general of the Ming government, were settled in this area. The soldiers brought military techniques of weapon making, gathered during their campaigns against Mongolia, Tibet, the Hui and the Yi, to the local Achang people. Husa village become the "arsenal" of Ming government armies. Achang people absorbed the Ming government army's weapon manufacturing technology and evolved a unique Husa knife forge craftsmanship, which matured during the late Ming dynasty and early <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> (around 1600–1680), reached its peak in the early twentieth century.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the fight against Napoleon's army, those sabers, forged by the Husa were highly prized by the soldiers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the First World War, British forces set up a "Jingpo" nationality army in Burma and every soldier was equipped with a special Husa saber, called "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Geleka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geleka (page does not exist)">Geleka</a>".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1990, the master forgers in Husa created a "Nine dragons" commander's sword. This sword is worn by the honor guard of Chinese People's Liberation Army, guarding the Chinese national flag on Tian'anmen Square.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Husa knives have long been in demand by nearby Han, Dai, Jingpo, Lisu, Tibetan, Bai and other ethnic people. Recently, Husa knives have been sold widely from Yunnan Province to Beijing, Tibet, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia and other places, and exported to Burma, Thailand, India and other countries.<sup id="cite_ref-民族画报社1998_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-民族画报社1998-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the pressure of the modern culture and the social economy, the Husa knife, forged by traditional techniques and devices, faces heavy competition from less expensive knives made by modern machinery and raw materials. As the traditional masters age, apprentices are rare, and the techniques of Husa knife creation face the danger of extinction.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variations">Variations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Husa_knife&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many variations of the Husa knife have been developed during its long history. Some of these are: back swords (cane knives), machetes, broadswords, Tibetan knives (specifically made for Tibetans), daggers, and sabers. The best known types are the back sword (long blade) and Tibetan knife, and these are made with particularly elaborate quality and style. The Tibetan knife has wide and thick blade, and is made in various lengths, with delicate inscription "tiger roaring", "swallow flying" and other traditional patterns on the handle and sheath. Many Tibetan people wear the knife as their essential tool and ornament.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wichīankhīeo2002_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wichīankhīeo2002-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Forging_process">Forging process</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Husa_knife&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Forging process"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The production process of Husa knife has 10 steps: </p> <ol><li>processing of raw materials</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Billet_making&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Billet making (page does not exist)">billet making</a></li> <li>proofing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinding_(abrasive_cutting)" title="Grinding (abrasive cutting)">grinding</a></li> <li>decorating with leaf</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quenching" title="Quenching">quenching</a></li> <li>polishing</li> <li>handle-making</li> <li>belt-making</li> <li>assembling.</li></ol> <p>Special technique is especially important in the process of quenching. Through heat treatment, the quenching optimizes the hardness and toughness of the blade. In historical records, the blades are described as "flexible enough to be bent, one hair blown on the blade, cut two, just can chop iron".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The tools to make Husa knives include a wooden <a href="/wiki/Bellows" title="Bellows">bellows</a>, a clay-made stove, as well as hammers, clamps, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iron_pillows&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iron pillows (page does not exist)">iron pillows</a>. Raw iron with high carbon content is selected by an experienced old master from specific locations around Baoshan, Tengchong regions, the traditional mine areas in Yunnan. Younger craftsmen, put the selected raw iron into the stove, heating, forging repeatedly, to purify the texture and form different shapes. The resulting metal is ground into blade blanks; and after all these lengthy processes, comes the most important and subtlest process: quenching. Quenching technology requires special know-how. The quality of a knife largely depends on the quenching skills. There is a kind of thin blade Husa back sword which can bend its blade as a cycle. It can only be built after repeatedly and precisely water quenching and oil tempering. </p><p>The knife production comes under a model of co-operation between each "Zhai" (small, stockaded village) in Husa. Each "Zhai" has its "fist" product. The whole Husa "Bazi" (small plain), likes a handicraft factory, and each "Zhai" is one workshop, which is famous for one special product. Laifu "Zhai" has well-known black cane knife, Mangdong "Zhai" has broadsword and dagger, Lajie "Zhai" has sharp sickles, Xin "Zhai" has back knife and Mangsuo "Zhai" has delicate sheaths. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Husa_knife&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FPxuJjb7wWAC&pg=PA194"><i>泰山之邀 (Tour of Taishan)</i></a>. 五洲传播出版社. 2001. pp. 194–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-80113-864-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-80113-864-4"><bdi>978-7-80113-864-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E6%B3%B0%E5%B1%B1%E4%B9%8B%E9%82%80+%28Tour+of+Taishan%29&rft.pages=194-&rft.pub=%E4%BA%94%E6%B4%B2%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-7-80113-864-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFPxuJjb7wWAC%26pg%3DPA194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHusa+knife" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westchinatours.com/husa-knife-achang-minority.html">The Famous "Husa Knife"——China Minorities——West China Tours Online Travel Agency</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140901124055/http://www.westchinatours.com/husa-knife-achang-minority.html">Archived</a> 2014-09-01 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yu2007-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Yu2007_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDefen_Yu2007" class="citation book cs1">Defen Yu (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4i0aAQAAIAAJ"><i>Aspects of Lisu phonology and grammar, a language of Southeast Asia</i></a>. Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85883-579-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85883-579-5"><bdi>978-0-85883-579-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aspects+of+Lisu+phonology+and+grammar%2C+a+language+of+Southeast+Asia&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Pacific+Linguistics%2C+Research+School+of+Pacific+and+Asian+Studies%2C+Australian+National+University&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-85883-579-5&rft.au=Defen+Yu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4i0aAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHusa+knife" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dissertationtopic.net/doc/120801">The Achang Husa knife Arts of - Master's thesis - Dissertation</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160204002041/http://www.dissertationtopic.net/doc/120801">Archived</a> 2016-02-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.kunming.cn/index/content/2013-11/12/content_3439165_2.htm">"Unveil remote ancients villages in Yunnan"</a> - <i>enKunming</i>, 2013-November-12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-民族画报社1998-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-民族画报社1998_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF民族画报社1998" class="citation book cs1">民族画报社 (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=G-txAAAAIAAJ"><i>中國民族 (China Nationalities)</i></a>. 中国民族摄影艺术出版社. p. 141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9787800691652" title="Special:BookSources/9787800691652"><bdi>9787800691652</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F+%28China+Nationalities%29&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E6%91%84%E5%BD%B1%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9787800691652&rft.au=%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E7%94%BB%E6%8A%A5%E7%A4%BE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DG-txAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHusa+knife" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cctv.com/program/e_documentary/20080828/101354.shtml">CCTV International</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arts.cultural-china.com/en/44Arts9163.html">"Husa Knife Making of the Achang Minority - China culture Achang Minority"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160312114804/http://arts.cultural-china.com/en/44Arts9163.html">Archived</a> 2016-03-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Arts Cultural China</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wichīankhīeo2002-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wichīankhīeo2002_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFʻArunrat_Wichīankhīeo2002" class="citation book cs1">ʻArunrat Wichīankhīeo (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gpNuAAAAMAAJ"><i>Inter-ethnic relations in the making of mainland Southeast Asia and southwestern China: collection of revised papers originally read at the International Workshop on Inter-Ethnic Relations in the Making of Mainland Southeast Asia and Southwestern China, held in Chiang Rai, Thailand, 23-24 March 2001</i></a>. Amarin Print. and Pub. Public Co. p. 253. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-974-272-485-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-974-272-485-6"><bdi>978-974-272-485-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inter-ethnic+relations+in+the+making+of+mainland+Southeast+Asia+and+southwestern+China%3A+collection+of+revised+papers+originally+read+at+the+International+Workshop+on+Inter-Ethnic+Relations+in+the+Making+of+Mainland+Southeast+Asia+and+Southwestern+China%2C+held+in+Chiang+Rai%2C+Thailand%2C+23-24+March+2001&rft.pages=253&rft.pub=Amarin+Print.+and+Pub.+Public+Co.&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-974-272-485-6&rft.au=%CA%BBArunrat+Wich%C4%ABankh%C4%ABeo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgpNuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHusa+knife" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Husa_knife&oldid=1234582167">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Husa_knife&oldid=1234582167</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_knives" title="Category:Chinese knives">Chinese knives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_culture" title="Category:Chinese culture">Chinese culture</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_archiveis_links" title="Category:Webarchive template archiveis links">Webarchive template archiveis links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2016" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2016">Articles with unsourced statements from January 2016</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 15 July 2024, at 03:15<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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