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outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 h-8 rounded-none text-xl px-2 text-davis-gray" type="button"><div class="relative z-10 whitespace-nowrap transition-colors text-default-500 group-data-[selected=true]:text-primary group-data-[selected=true]:font-bold" data-slot="tabContent">phrase</div></button><button data-slot="tab" tabindex="-1" data-collection="react-aria-:R2pbtteapjfb:" data-key="root" id="react-aria-:R2pbtteapjfbH1:-tab-root" aria-selected="false" role="tab" class="z-0 w-full py-1 flex group relative justify-center items-center cursor-pointer transition-opacity tap-highlight-transparent data-[disabled=true]:cursor-not-allowed data-[disabled=true]:opacity-30 data-[hover-unselected=true]:opacity-disabled outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 h-8 rounded-none text-xl px-2 text-davis-gray" type="button"><div class="relative z-10 whitespace-nowrap transition-colors text-default-500 group-data-[selected=true]:text-primary group-data-[selected=true]:font-bold" data-slot="tabContent">root</div></button><button data-slot="tab" tabindex="-1" data-collection="react-aria-:R2pbtteapjfb:" data-key="word-parts" id="react-aria-:R2pbtteapjfbH1:-tab-word-parts" aria-selected="false" role="tab" class="z-0 w-full py-1 flex group relative justify-center items-center cursor-pointer transition-opacity tap-highlight-transparent data-[disabled=true]:cursor-not-allowed data-[disabled=true]:opacity-30 data-[hover-unselected=true]:opacity-disabled outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 h-8 rounded-none text-xl px-2 text-davis-gray" type="button"><div class="relative z-10 whitespace-nowrap transition-colors text-default-500 group-data-[selected=true]:text-primary group-data-[selected=true]:font-bold" data-slot="tabContent">word parts</div></button></div></div><div class="absolute right-0 top-0 bottom-0 w-12 bg-gradient-to-l from-background to-transparent pointer-events-none"></div><hr class="shrink-0 bg-divider border-none w-full h-divider -my-1" role="separator"/></div><div class="text-md font-sans text-battleship-gray px-2 my-4"><span>187 entries found.</span></div><div class="space-y-6"><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of Y" class="w-full group" href="/word/Y"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_4916" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">Y</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>a late-developing letter in English. Called <i class="foreign notranslate">ipsilon</i> in German, <i class="foreign notranslate">upsilon</i> in Greek, the English pronunciation of the name, "wy" (spelled out as <i class="foreign notranslate">wye</i> by 1857) is of obscure origin.</p> <p>The sound at the beginning of <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of yard " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/yard">yard</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of yes " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/yes">yes</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of yield " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/yield">yield</a>, etc. is from Old English words with initial <i class="foreign notranslate">g-</i> as in <i class="foreign notranslate">got</i> and <i class="foreign notranslate">y-</i> as in <i class="foreign notranslate">yet</i>, which were considered the same sound and often transcribed as <i class="foreign notranslate">葴</i>, known as <i class="foreign notranslate">yogh</i>. The system was altered by French scribes, who brought over the continental use of <i class="foreign notranslate">-g-</i> and from the early 1200s used <i class="foreign notranslate">-y-</i> and sometimes <i class="foreign notranslate">-gh-</i> to replace 葴.</p> <p>The French also tended to substitute <i class="foreign notranslate">-y-</i> for <i class="foreign notranslate">-i-</i>, especially before <i class="foreign notranslate">-u-</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">-n-</i>, or <i class="foreign notranslate">-m-</i>, or at the end of words, to avoid confusion in reading (see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of U " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/U">U</a>), which might also partly explain this tendency in later Middle English.</p> <p>In reference to anything of the shape of a letter Y, by 1510s. As short for <i class="foreign notranslate"><a href="/word/YMCA" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of YMCA " class="crossreference notranslate">YMCA</a></i>, and similar organization names, by 1915. <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">YA</i></strong> for <i class="foreign notranslate">young adult</i> as a publishing market is by 1974. <i class="foreign notranslate">Y-chromosome</i> is by 1909, based on <i class="foreign notranslate">x-chromosome</i>.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of Y" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/Y"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-2 w-full"><div class="relative"><span class="text-sm font-sans text-spanish-gray absolute -mt-6">Advertisement</span><div class="relative min-h-[90px] w-full"><div class="relative z-10 min-h-[90px] w-full flex items-center justify-center"><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc_sp_infeed" class="flex adsbygoogle items-center transition-all min-h-[90px]"><div class="w-full p-4 rounded-md min-w-[300px] items-center justify-center flex w-full h-full bg-secondary/50"><p class="text-foreground/80 text-center">Want to remove ads? <a class="text-primary hover:underline cursor-pointer" rel="nofollow" href="#">Log in</a> to see fewer ads, and become a <a class="text-primary hover:underline cursor-pointer" rel="nofollow" href="#">Premium Member</a> to remove all ads.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of y-" class="w-full group" href="/word/y-"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_25628" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">y-</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>perfective prefix, a deliberate archaism reintroduced by Spenser and his imitators (<i class="foreign notranslate"><a href="/word/yclept" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of yclept " class="crossreference notranslate">yclept</a></i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">yclad</i>, etc.), representing an authentic Middle English prefix <i class="foreign notranslate">y-</i>, earlier <i class="foreign notranslate">i-</i>, from Old English <i class="foreign notranslate">ge-</i>, originally meaning "with, together" but later a completive or perfective element.</p> <p>This is from Proto-Germanic <i class="foreign notranslate">*ga-</i> "together, with" (also a collective and intensive prefix), from PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">*kom</i> "beside, near, by, with" (cognate with Sanskrit <i class="foreign notranslate">ja-</i>, Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">com-</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">cum-</i>; see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of com- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/com-">com-</a>). It is still living in German and Dutch <i class="foreign notranslate">ge-</i>, and survives, disguised, in some English words (<a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of alike " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/alike">alike</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of aware " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/aware">aware</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of handiwork " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/handiwork">handiwork</a>).</p> <p>New coinages in it after c. 1300 mostly are past-participle adjectives; among hundreds in Middle English are <i class="foreign notranslate">yfallen</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">yhacked</i> ("completely hacked," perhaps useful again 21c.), <i class="foreign notranslate">yknow</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">ymarried</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">ywrought</i>.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of y-" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/y-"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of -y" class="w-full group" href="/word/-y"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_25630" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">-y</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(1)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>noun suffix, in <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of army " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/army">army</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of city " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/city">city</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of country " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/country">country</a>, etc., Middle English <i class="foreign notranslate">-ie</i>, from Anglo-French <i class="foreign notranslate">-ee</i>, Old French <i class="foreign notranslate">-e</i>, from Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">-atus</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">-atum</i>, past participle suffix of certain verbs, which in French came to be used to indicate "employment, office, dignity" (as in <i class="foreign notranslate">duch茅</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">clergi茅</i>).</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of -y" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/-y"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of -y" class="w-full group" href="/word/-y"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_50218" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">-y</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(4)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>a noun suffix in words from Latin and Greek indicating state, condition, or quality (<i class="foreign notranslate">jealousy</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">sympathy</i>); also activity or the result of it (<i class="foreign notranslate">victory</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">history</i>); via Anglo-French and Old French -<i class="foreign notranslate">茅</i>, from Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">-ia</i>, Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">-ia</i>, from PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">*-a-</i>, suffix forming abstract or collective nouns.</p> <p>It is etymologically identical with <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of -ia " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/-ia">-ia</a> and the second element in <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of -cy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/-cy">-cy</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of -ery " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/-ery">-ery</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of -logy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/-logy">-logy</a>, etc. Many of the words were abstract in sense before concrete meanings developed (e.g. <i class="foreign notranslate">embroidery</i>).</p> <p>The suffix also is sometimes used in modern words of classical formation (<i class="foreign notranslate">inquiry</i>), and by analogy to make alternative forms (<i class="foreign notranslate">innocence</i>/<i class="foreign notranslate">innocency</i>) without signification but useful metrically for an extra syllable (like Spenser's <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of y- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/y-">y-</a>).</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of -y" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/-y"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of -y" class="w-full group" href="/word/-y"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_25629" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">-y</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(3)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>diminutive suffix used in forming in pet proper names (<i class="foreign notranslate">Christy</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate"><a href="/word/sandy" title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Sandy " class="crossreference notranslate">Sandy</a></i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">Jemmy</i>), attested by c. 1400 in Scottish (as <i class="foreign notranslate">-ie</i>). Perhaps it is a merging of the common adjective ending <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of -y " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/-y#etymonline_v_25631">-y</a> (2) with old fem. suffixes in <i class="foreign notranslate">-ie</i>. It might have been reinforced by Dutch <i class="foreign notranslate">-je</i> in similar use.</p> <p>According to OED (1989) it became frequent in English 15c.-16c.</p> <p>The use with common nouns, childish names of animals (<i class="foreign notranslate">Jenny wren</i>), etc., also seems to have begun in Scottish (<i class="foreign notranslate">laddie</i> is by 1540s) and become popular in English from late 18c. via Burns (<i class="foreign notranslate">timrous beastie</i>). But the formation perhaps appears earlier in <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of baby " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/baby">baby</a> and <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of puppy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/puppy">puppy</a>, and compare <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of hobby " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/hobby">hobby</a> in <i class="foreign notranslate">hobby-horse</i>. <i class="foreign notranslate">Granny</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">dearie</i>, and <i class="foreign notranslate">sweetie</i> all are 17c. and early 18c.</p> <p>In general use with names of girls (<a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Kitty " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/kitty">Kitty</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of Jenny " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/Jenny">Jenny</a>), where it coincides with names such as <i class="foreign notranslate">Mary</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">Lucy</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">Lily</i>, where it is not a diminutive. The extension to surnames seems to be from c. 1940.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of -y" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/-y"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-2 w-full"><div class="relative"><span class="text-sm font-sans text-spanish-gray absolute -mt-6">Advertisement</span><div class="relative min-h-[90px] w-full"><div class="relative z-10 min-h-[90px] w-full flex items-center justify-center"><div class="flex flex-col gap-4 w-full p-0 mobile:px-4 min-h-[90px]"><div id="afscontainer1" class="w-full"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of -y" class="w-full group" href="/word/-y"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_25631" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">-y</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(2)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>very common adjective suffix, "full of, covered with, or characterized by" the thing expressed by the noun, Middle English <i class="foreign notranslate">-i</i>, from Old English <i class="foreign notranslate">-ig</i>, from Proto-Germanic <i class="foreign notranslate">*-iga-</i>, from PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">-(i)ko-</i>, adjectival suffix, cognate with elements in Greek <i class="foreign notranslate">-ikos</i>, Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">-icus</i> (see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of -ic " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/-ic">-ic</a>). Germanic cognates include Dutch, Danish, German <i class="foreign notranslate">-ig</i>, Gothic <i class="foreign notranslate">-egs</i>.</p> <p>It was used from 13c. with verbs (<a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of drowsy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/drowsy">drowsy</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of clingy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/clingy">clingy</a>), and by 15c. with other adjectives (<a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of crispy " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/crispy">crispy</a>). Chiefly with monosyllables; with more than two the effect tends to become comedic.</p> <p>*</p> <p>Variant forms in <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">-y</i></strong> for short, common adjectives (<i class="foreign notranslate">vasty</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">hugy</i>) helped poets after the loss of grammatically empty but metrically useful <i class="foreign notranslate">-e</i> in late Middle English. Verse-writers adapted to <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">-y</i></strong> forms, often artfully, as in聽Sackville's "The wide waste places, and the hugy plain." (<i class="foreign notranslate">and the huge plain</i> would have been a metrical balk).</p> <p>After Coleridge's criticism of it as archaic artifice, poets gave up <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of stilly " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/stilly">stilly</a> (Moore probably was last to make it work, with "Oft in the Stilly Night"), <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">paly</i></strong> (which Keats and Coleridge himself had used) and the rest.</p> <p>Jespersen ("Modern English Grammar," 1954) also lists <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">bleaky</i></strong> (Dryden), <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">bluey</i></strong>, <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">greeny</i></strong>, and other color words, <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">lanky</i></strong>, <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">plumpy</i></strong>, <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">stouty</i></strong>, and the slang <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">rummy</i></strong>. <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">Vasty</i></strong> survives, he writes, only in imitation of Shakespeare; <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">cooly</i></strong> and <strong><i class="foreign notranslate">moisty</i></strong> (Chaucer, hence Spenser) he regards as fully obsolete. But in a few cases he notes (<a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of haughty " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/haughty">haughty</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of dusky " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/dusky">dusky</a>) they seem to have supplanted shorter forms.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of -y" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/-y"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of yacht" class="w-full group" href="/word/yacht"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_4917" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">yacht</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(n.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>1550s, <i class="foreign notranslate">yeaghe</i> "a light, fast-sailing ship," originally a vessel of state for important personages, later used by the wealthy for pleasure trips or racing, from Norwegian <i class="foreign notranslate">jaght</i> or early Dutch <i class="foreign notranslate">jaght</i>, both from Middle Low German <i class="foreign notranslate">jacht</i>, a shortened form of <i class="foreign notranslate">jachtschip</i> "fast pirate ship." This is literally "ship for chasing," from <i class="foreign notranslate">jacht</i> "chase," from <i class="foreign notranslate">jagen</i> "to chase, hunt," from Old High German <i class="foreign notranslate">jagon</i>, from Proto-Germanic <i class="foreign notranslate">*yago-</i>, which is reconstructed (Watkins) to be from PIE root <i class="foreign notranslate">*yek-</i> (2) "to hunt" (source also of Hittite <i class="foreign notranslate">ekt-</i> "hunting net").</p> <p>As a verb by 1826. <i class="foreign notranslate">Yacht-club</i>, "union of yacht-owners," usually headed by a "commodore," is by 1834. Related: <i class="foreign notranslate">Yachting</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">yachter</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">yachtsman; yachtsmanship</i>.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of yacht" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/yacht"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of yack" class="w-full group" href="/word/yack"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_4918" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">yack</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(v.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>also <i class="foreign notranslate">yak</i>, "to talk persistently, chatter," 1950, slang, probably shortened from <i class="foreign notranslate">yackety-yacking</i> "talk" (1947), probably echoic (compare Australian slang <i class="foreign notranslate">yacker</i> "talk, conversation," 1882). Also compare <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of yak " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/yak#etymonline_v_4923">yak</a> (v.).</p> <p>Related: <i class="foreign notranslate">Yacked</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">yacking</i>. As a noun, "incessant talk," by 1958. The popular song <i class="foreign notranslate">"Yakety Yak"</i> was released by the Coasters in 1958. The pop instrumental <i class="foreign notranslate">"Yakety Sax"</i> was popularized 1963 by Boots Randolph.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of yack" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/yack"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of yadda-yadda" class="w-full group" href="/word/yadda-yadda"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_4919" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">yadda-yadda</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>"and so on," 1990s, of echoic origin (compare <i class="foreign notranslate">yatata</i> "talk idly, chatter," 1940s; and <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of yatter " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/yatter">yatter</a> "to talk incessantly or idly," by 1825).</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of yadda-yadda" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/yadda-yadda"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="space-y-10"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of yah" class="w-full group" href="/word/yah"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_40273" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">yah</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(interj.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>exclamation of defiance or dismissal, from 1812. Extended form <i class="foreign notranslate">yah-boo</i> by 1910.</p></section><div class="mt-4 w-full"><div class="inline-block group"><a title="Origin and meaning of yah" class="link text-primary font-sans inline-flex items-center gap-1 hover:text-primary no-underline" href="/word/yah"><span>Related entries & more</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 text-spanish-gray flex-shrink-0 self-center text-2xl transition-colors group-hover:text-primary hover:text-primary" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a><div class="border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-primary"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><nav role="navigation" aria-label="pagination navigation" data-slot="base" data-controls="true" data-dots-jump="5" data-total="19" data-active-page="1" class="p-2.5 -m-2.5 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earliest year for which there is a surviving written record of that word (in English, unless otherwise indicated). This should be taken as approximate, especially before about 1700, since a word may have been used in conversation for hundreds of years before it turns up in a manuscript that has had the good fortune to survive the centuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eThe basic sources of this work are Weekley's \"An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English,\" Klein's \"A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language,\" \"Oxford English Dictionary\" (second edition), \"Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology,\" Holthausen's \"Etymologisches W枚rterbuch der Englischen Sprache,\" and Kipfer and Chapman's \"Dictionary of American Slang.\"A full list of print sources used in this compilation can be found \u003ca rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"/columns/post/sources\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eSince this dictionary went up, it has benefited from the suggestions of dozens of people I have never met, from around the world. 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late-developing letter in English. Called \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eipsilon\u003c/span\u003e in German, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eupsilon\u003c/span\u003e in Greek, the English pronunciation of the name, \"wy\" (spelled out as \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ewye\u003c/span\u003e by 1857) is of obscure origin.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe sound at the beginning of \u003ca href=\"/word/yard\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of yard \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eyard\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/yes\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of yes \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eyes\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/yield\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of yield \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eyield\u003c/a\u003e, etc. is from Old English words with initial \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eg-\u003c/span\u003e as in \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egot\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ey-\u003c/span\u003e as in \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyet\u003c/span\u003e, which were considered the same sound and often transcribed as \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e葴\u003c/span\u003e, known as \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyogh\u003c/span\u003e. The system was altered by French scribes, who brought over the continental use of \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-g-\u003c/span\u003e and from the early 1200s used \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-y-\u003c/span\u003e and sometimes \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-gh-\u003c/span\u003e to replace 葴.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe French also tended to substitute \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-y-\u003c/span\u003e for \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-i-\u003c/span\u003e, especially before \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-u-\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-n-\u003c/span\u003e, or \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-m-\u003c/span\u003e, or at the end of words, to avoid confusion in reading (see \u003ca href=\"/word/U\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of U \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eU\u003c/a\u003e), which might also partly explain this tendency in later Middle English.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn reference to anything of the shape of a letter Y, by 1510s. As short for \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"/word/YMCA\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of YMCA \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eYMCA\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, and similar organization names, by 1915. \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eYA\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e for \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyoung adult\u003c/span\u003e as a publishing market is by 1974. \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eY-chromosome\u003c/span\u003e is by 1909, based on \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ex-chromosome\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2e:T7f0,\u003cp\u003eperfective prefix, a deliberate archaism reintroduced by Spenser and his imitators (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"/word/yclept\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of yclept \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eyclept\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyclad\u003c/span\u003e, etc.), representing an authentic Middle English prefix \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ey-\u003c/span\u003e, earlier \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ei-\u003c/span\u003e, from Old English \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ege-\u003c/span\u003e, originally meaning \"with, together\" but later a completive or perfective element.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis is from Proto-Germanic \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*ga-\u003c/span\u003e \"together, with\" (also a collective and intensive prefix), from PIE \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*kom\u003c/span\u003e \"beside, near, by, with\" (cognate with Sanskrit \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eja-\u003c/span\u003e, Latin \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ecom-\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ecum-\u003c/span\u003e; see \u003ca href=\"/word/com-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of com- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ecom-\u003c/a\u003e). It is still living in German and Dutch \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ege-\u003c/span\u003e, and survives, disguised, in some English words (\u003ca href=\"/word/alike\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of alike \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ealike\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/aware\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of aware \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eaware\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/handiwork\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of handiwork \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ehandiwork\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNew coinages in it after c. 1300 mostly are past-participle adjectives; among hundreds in Middle English are \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyfallen\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyhacked\u003c/span\u003e (\"completely hacked,\" perhaps useful again 21c.), \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyknow\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eymarried\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eywrought\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e2f:T6e3,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003ea noun suffix in words from Latin and Greek indicating state, condition, or quality (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ejealousy\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003esympathy\u003c/span\u003e); also activity or the result of it (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003evictory\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ehistory\u003c/span\u003e); via Anglo-French and Old French -\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e茅\u003c/span\u003e, from Latin \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-ia\u003c/span\u003e, Greek \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-ia\u003c/span\u003e, from PIE \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*-a-\u003c/span\u003e, suffix forming abstract or collective nouns.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is etymologically identical with \u003ca href=\"/word/-ia\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of -ia \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003e-ia\u003c/a\u003e and the second element in \u003ca href=\"/word/-cy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of -cy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003e-cy\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/-ery\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of -ery \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003e-ery\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/-logy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of -logy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003e-logy\u003c/a\u003e, etc. Many of the words were abstract in sense before concrete meanings developed (e.g. \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eembroidery\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe suffix also is sometimes used in modern words of classical formation (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003einquiry\u003c/span\u003e), and by analogy to make alternative forms (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003einnocence\u003c/span\u003e/\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003einnocency\u003c/span\u003e) without signification but useful metrically for an extra syllable (like Spenser's \u003ca href=\"/word/y-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of y- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ey-\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e30:T93f,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003ediminutive suffix used in forming in pet proper names (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eChristy\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"/word/sandy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of Sandy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eSandy\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eJemmy\u003c/span\u003e), attested by c. 1400 in Scottish (as \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-ie\u003c/span\u003e). Perhaps it is a merging of the common adjective ending \u003ca href=\"/word/-y#etymonline_v_25631\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of -y \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003e-y\u003c/a\u003e (2) with old fem. suffixes in \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-ie\u003c/span\u003e. It might have been reinforced by Dutch \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-je\u003c/span\u003e in similar use.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to OED (1989) it became frequent in English 15c.-16c.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe use with common nouns, childish names of animals (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eJenny wren\u003c/span\u003e), etc., also seems to have begun in Scottish (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eladdie\u003c/span\u003e is by 1540s) and become popular in English from late 18c. via Burns (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003etimrous beastie\u003c/span\u003e). But the formation perhaps appears earlier in \u003ca href=\"/word/baby\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of baby \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ebaby\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"/word/puppy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of puppy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003epuppy\u003c/a\u003e, and compare \u003ca href=\"/word/hobby\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of hobby \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ehobby\u003c/a\u003e in \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ehobby-horse\u003c/span\u003e. \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eGranny\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edearie\u003c/span\u003e, and \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003esweetie\u003c/span\u003e all are 17c. and early 18c.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn general use with names of girls (\u003ca href=\"/word/kitty\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of Kitty \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eKitty\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/Jenny\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of Jenny \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eJenny\u003c/a\u003e), where it coincides with names such as \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eMary\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eLucy\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eLily\u003c/span\u003e, where it is not a diminutive. The extension to surnames seems to be from c. 1940.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"31:Tdcd,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003every common adjective suffix, \"full of, covered with, or characterized by\" the thing expressed by the noun, Middle English \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-i\u003c/span\u003e, from Old English \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-ig\u003c/span\u003e, from Proto-Germanic \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*-iga-\u003c/span\u003e, from PIE \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-(i)ko-\u003c/span\u003e, adjectival suffix, cognate with elements in Greek \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-ikos\u003c/span\u003e, Latin \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-icus\u003c/span\u003e (see \u003ca href=\"/word/-ic\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of -ic \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003e-ic\u003c/a\u003e). Germanic cognates include Dutch, Danish, German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-ig\u003c/span\u003e, Gothic \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-egs\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt was used from 13c. with verbs (\u003ca href=\"/word/drowsy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of drowsy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003edrowsy\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/clingy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of clingy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eclingy\u003c/a\u003e), and by 15c. with other adjectives (\u003ca href=\"/word/crispy\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of crispy \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ecrispy\u003c/a\u003e). Chiefly with monosyllables; with more than two the effect tends to become comedic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVariant forms in \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-y\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e for short, common adjectives (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003evasty\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ehugy\u003c/span\u003e) helped poets after the loss of grammatically empty but metrically useful \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-e\u003c/span\u003e in late Middle English. Verse-writers adapted to \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-y\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e forms, often artfully, as in\u0026nbsp;Sackville's \"The wide waste places, and the hugy plain.\" (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eand the huge plain\u003c/span\u003e would have been a metrical balk).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter Coleridge's criticism of it as archaic artifice, poets gave up \u003ca href=\"/word/stilly\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of stilly \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003estilly\u003c/a\u003e (Moore probably was last to make it work, with \"Oft in the Stilly Night\"), \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003epaly\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e (which Keats and Coleridge himself had used) and the rest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJespersen (\"Modern English Grammar,\" 1954) also lists \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebleaky\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e (Dryden), \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebluey\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egreeny\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e, and other color words, \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003elanky\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eplumpy\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e, \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003estouty\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e, and the slang \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003erummy\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e. \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eVasty\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e survives, he writes, only in imitation of Shakespeare; \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ecooly\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e and \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003emoisty\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e (Chaucer, hence Spenser) he regards as fully obsolete. But in a few cases he notes (\u003ca href=\"/word/haughty\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of haughty \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ehaughty\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/dusky\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of dusky \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003edusky\u003c/a\u003e) they seem to have supplanted shorter forms.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"32:T530,\u003cp\u003e1550s, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyeaghe\u003c/span\u003e \"a light, fast-sailing ship,\" originally a vessel of state for important personages, later used by the wealthy for pleasure trips or racing, from Norwegian \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ejaght\u003c/span\u003e or early Dutch \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ejaght\u003c/span\u003e, both from Middle Low German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ejacht\u003c/span\u003e, a shortened form of \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ejachtschip\u003c/span\u003e \"fast pirate ship.\" This is literally \"ship for chasing,\" from \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ejacht\u003c/span\u003e \"chase,\" from \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ejagen\u003c/span\u003e \"to chase, hunt,\" from Old High German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ejagon\u003c/span\u003e, from Proto-Germanic \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*yago-\u003c/span\u003e, which is reconstructed (Watkins) to be from PIE root \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*yek-\u003c/span\u003e (2) \"to hunt\" (source also of Hittite \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eekt-\u003c/span\u003e \"hunting net\").\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a verb by 1826. \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eYacht-club\u003c/span\u003e, \"union of yacht-owners,\" usually headed by a \"commodore,\" is by 1834. Related: \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eYachting\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyachter\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eyachtsman; yachtsmanship\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"8:[[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"flex flex-col lg:flex-row gap-12 justify-center\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"w-full lg:w-[728px] space-y-4\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2a\",null,{\"slot\":\"pc_sp_top\",\"className\":\"min-h-[90px] w-[728px]\",\"isMobile\":false,\"wrapperConfigs\":{\"base\":{\"type\":\"none\",\"closeType\":\"none\"},\"lg\":{\"type\":\"normal\",\"closeType\":\"remove\"}}}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-4\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2b\",null,{}],[\"$\",\"$21\",null,{\"fallback\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"children\":\"loading\"}],\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"text-md font-sans text-battleship-gray px-2 my-4\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"children\":\"187 entries found.\"}]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-6\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",\"4916\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_4916\",\"domain_id\":\"4916\",\"word\":\"Y\",\"canonical_word\":\"Y\",\"type\":1,\"property\":\"\",\"etymology\":\"$2d\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],[\"$\",\"$L2a\",\"4916admanager\",{\"slot\":\"pc_sp_infeed\",\"className\":\"min-h-[90px]\",\"query\":\"y\"}],false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"25628\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_25628\",\"domain_id\":\"25628\",\"word\":\"y-\",\"canonical_word\":\"y-\",\"type\":4,\"property\":\"\",\"etymology\":\"$2e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"25630\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_25630\",\"domain_id\":\"25630\",\"word\":\"-y\",\"canonical_word\":\"-y\",\"type\":3,\"property\":\"(1)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003enoun suffix, in \u003ca href=\\\"/word/army\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of army \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003earmy\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\\\"/word/city\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of city \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003ecity\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\\\"/word/country\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of country \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003ecountry\u003c/a\u003e, etc., Middle English \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e-ie\u003c/span\u003e, from Anglo-French \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e-ee\u003c/span\u003e, Old French \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e-e\u003c/span\u003e, from Latin \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e-atus\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e-atum\u003c/span\u003e, past participle suffix of certain verbs, which in French came to be used to indicate \\\"employment, office, dignity\\\" (as in \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003educh茅\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eclergi茅\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"50218\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_50218\",\"domain_id\":\"50218\",\"word\":\"-y\",\"canonical_word\":\"-y\",\"type\":3,\"property\":\"(4)\",\"etymology\":\"$2f\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"25629\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_25629\",\"domain_id\":\"25629\",\"word\":\"-y\",\"canonical_word\":\"-y\",\"type\":3,\"property\":\"(3)\",\"etymology\":\"$30\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,[\"$\",\"$L2a\",\"25629adsense_search\",{\"slot\":\"adsense_search\",\"className\":\"min-h-[90px]\",\"query\":\"y\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"25631\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_25631\",\"domain_id\":\"25631\",\"word\":\"-y\",\"canonical_word\":\"-y\",\"type\":3,\"property\":\"(2)\",\"etymology\":\"$31\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"4917\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_4917\",\"domain_id\":\"4917\",\"word\":\"yacht\",\"canonical_word\":\"yacht\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(n.)\",\"etymology\":\"$32\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"4918\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_4918\",\"domain_id\":\"4918\",\"word\":\"yack\",\"canonical_word\":\"yack\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(v.)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003ealso \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eyak\u003c/span\u003e, \\\"to talk persistently, chatter,\\\" 1950, slang, probably shortened from \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eyackety-yacking\u003c/span\u003e \\\"talk\\\" (1947), probably echoic (compare Australian slang \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eyacker\u003c/span\u003e \\\"talk, conversation,\\\" 1882). Also compare \u003ca href=\\\"/word/yak#etymonline_v_4923\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of yak \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003eyak\u003c/a\u003e (v.).\u003c/p\u003e\\n\u003cp\u003eRelated: \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eYacked\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eyacking\u003c/span\u003e. As a noun, \\\"incessant talk,\\\" by 1958. The popular song \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e\\\"Yakety Yak\\\"\u003c/span\u003e was released by the Coasters in 1958. The pop instrumental \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003e\\\"Yakety Sax\\\"\u003c/span\u003e was popularized 1963 by Boots Randolph.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"4919\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_4919\",\"domain_id\":\"4919\",\"word\":\"yadda-yadda\",\"canonical_word\":\"yadda-yadda\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003e\\\"and so on,\\\" 1990s, of echoic origin (compare \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eyatata\u003c/span\u003e \\\"talk idly, chatter,\\\" 1940s; and \u003ca href=\\\"/word/yatter\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of yatter \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003eyatter\u003c/a\u003e \\\"to talk incessantly or idly,\\\" by 1825).\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"40273\",{\"className\":\"space-y-10\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2c\",null,{\"word\":{\"id\":\"etymonline_v_40273\",\"domain_id\":\"40273\",\"word\":\"yah\",\"canonical_word\":\"yah\",\"type\":0,\"property\":\"(interj.)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003eexclamation of defiance or dismissal, from 1812. Extended form \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eyah-boo\u003c/span\u003e by 1910.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":true,\"showTranslate\":true,\"withPrefix\":false}],false,false]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"$L33\",null,{\"last\":false,\"size\":10,\"total_elements\":187,\"elements\":10,\"page\":1,\"total_pages\":19,\"first\":true}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-8 w-full lg:w-[300px]\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L2a\",null,{\"slot\":\"pc_sp_right\",\"isMobile\":false,\"className\":\"min-h-[250px]\",\"wrapperConfigs\":{\"base\":{\"type\":\"main\",\"closeType\":\"remove\"},\"lg\":{\"type\":\"none\",\"closeType\":\"remove-lg\"}}}],[\"$\",\"$L26\",null,{\"className\":\"bg-secondary/20 shadow-none border border-secondary/30 rounded-md min-w-[300px] w-full\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L27\",null,{\"className\":\"font-medium font-sans text-davis-gray items-start justify-start hyphens-auto\",\"lang\":\"en\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"children\":\"Trending\"}]}],[\"$\",\"hr\",null,{\"ref\":\"$undefined\",\"className\":\"shrink-0 bg-divider border-none w-full h-divider\",\"role\":\"separator\",\"data-orientation\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"$L28\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L29\",null,{\"source\":\"etymonline_web_word-detail\",\"classNames\":{\"base\":\"list-none\"},\"wordPrefix\":\"\"}]}]]}]]}]]}],[\"$\",\"$L2a\",null,{\"slot\":\"pc_sp_bottom\",\"className\":\"min-h-[250px] my-2\",\"wrapperConfigs\":{\"base\":{\"type\":\"full\",\"closeType\":\"none\",\"labelType\":\"none\"}}}],[\"$\",\"$L34\",null,{\"slot\":\"pc_sticky\",\"isMobile\":false}]]\n"])</script></body></html>