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kidney model</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: one clip one kidney model"> <meta name="keywords" content="one clip one kidney model"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="one clip one kidney model"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 17178</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: one clip one kidney model</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17178</span> Antihypertensive Activity of Alcoholic Extract of Citrus Paradise Juice in One Clip One Kidney Hypertension Model in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lokesh%20Bhatt">Lokesh Bhatt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayesh%20Rathod"> Jayesh Rathod</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hypertension is one of the most prevalent cardiovascular disorder. It is responsible for several other cardiovascular disorders. Although many drugs are available for the treatment of hypertension, still a large population has uncontrolled blood pressure. Thus there is an unmet need for new therapeutic approaches for the same. Fruit juice of Citrus paradise contains several flavonoids with vasodilatory activity. We hypothesized that alcoholic extract of Citrus paradise, which contains flavonoids, might attenuate hypertension. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antihypertensive activity of alcoholic extract of Citrus paradise fruit juice in rats. Hypertension was induced using one clip one kidney model in rats. The renal artery was occluded for 4 h after removal of one kidney. Once stabilized, the ganglionic blockade was performed followed by removal of the arterial clip from the kidney. Removal of clip resulted in an increase in blood pressure which is due to release of renin from the kidney. Alcoholic extract of Citrus paradise fruit juice was then administered at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg dose by intravenous injection. Blood pressure was monitored continuously. Alcoholic extract of Citrus paradise fruit juice reduced hypertension in dose-dependent manner. Antihypertensive activity was found to be associated with vasodilation. The results of the present study showed antihypertensive potential of alcoholic extract of Citrus paradise fruit juice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citrus%20paradise" title="citrus paradise">citrus paradise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcoholic%20extract" title=" alcoholic extract"> alcoholic extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one%20clip%20one%20kidney%20model" title=" one clip one kidney model"> one clip one kidney model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vasodilation" title=" vasodilation"> vasodilation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67780/antihypertensive-activity-of-alcoholic-extract-of-citrus-paradise-juice-in-one-clip-one-kidney-hypertension-model-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17177</span> Feedback of Using Set-Up Candid Clips as New Media</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miss%20Suparada%20Prapawong">Miss Suparada Prapawong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objectives were to analyze the using of new media in the form of set up candid clip that affects the product and presenter, to study the effectiveness of using new media in the form of set up candid clip in order to increase the circulation and audience satisfaction and to use the earned information and knowledge to develop the communication for publicizing and advertising via new media. This research is qualitative research based on questionnaire and in-depth interview from experts. The findings showed the advantages and disadvantages of communication for publicizing and advertising via new media in the form of set up candid clip including with the specific target group for this kind of advertising. It will be useful for fields of publicizing and advertising in the new media forms at the present. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candid%20clip" title="candid clip">candid clip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20media" title=" new media"> new media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20network" title=" social network "> social network </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10109/feedback-of-using-set-up-candid-clips-as-new-media" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17176</span> Set Up Candid Clips Effectiveness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Suparada">P. Suparada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Eakapotch"> D. Eakapotch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objectives were to analyze the using of new media in the form of set up candid clip that affects the product and presenter, to study the effectiveness of using new media in the form of set up candid clip in order to increase the circulation and audience satisfaction and to use the earned information and knowledge to develop the communication for publicizing and advertising via new media. This research is qualitative research based on questionnaire and in-depth interview from experts. The findings showed the advantages and disadvantages of communication for publicizing and advertising via new media in the form of set up candid clip including with the specific target group for this kind of advertising. It will be useful for fields of publicizing and advertising in the new media forms at the present. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candid%20clip" title="candid clip">candid clip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20media" title=" new media"> new media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20network" title=" social network"> social network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8209/set-up-candid-clips-effectiveness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17175</span> Estimation of Chronic Kidney Disease Using Artificial Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilker%20Ali%20Ozkan">Ilker Ali Ozkan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, an artificial neural network model has been developed to estimate chronic kidney failure which is a common disease. The patients’ age, their blood and biochemical values, and 24 input data which consists of various chronic diseases are used for the estimation process. The input data have been subjected to preprocessing because they contain both missing values and nominal values. 147 patient data which was obtained from the preprocessing have been divided into as 70% training and 30% testing data. As a result of the study, artificial neural network model with 25 neurons in the hidden layer has been found as the model with the lowest error value. Chronic kidney failure disease has been able to be estimated accurately at the rate of 99.3% using this artificial neural network model. The developed artificial neural network has been found successful for the estimation of chronic kidney failure disease using clinical data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimation" title="estimation">estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title=" artificial neural network"> artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20failure%20disease" title=" chronic kidney failure disease"> chronic kidney failure disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20diagnosis" title=" disease diagnosis"> disease diagnosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38766/estimation-of-chronic-kidney-disease-using-artificial-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38766.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17174</span> Using Set Up Candid Clips as Viral Marketing via New Media</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Suparada">P. Suparada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Eakapotch"> D. Eakapotch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research’s objectives were to analyze the using of new media in the form of set up candid clip that affects the product and presenter, to study the effectiveness of using new media in the form of set up candid clip in order to increase the circulation and audience satisfaction and to use the earned information and knowledge to develop the communication for publicizing and advertising via new media. This research is qualitative research based on questionnaire from 50 random sampling representative samples and in-depth interview from experts in publicizing and advertising fields. The findings indicated the positive and negative effects to the brands’ image and presenters’ image of product named “Scotch 100” and “Snickers” that used set up candid clips via new media for publicizing and advertising in Thailand. It will be useful for fields of publicizing and advertising in the new media forms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=candid%20clip" title="candid clip">candid clip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect" title=" effect"> effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20media" title=" new media"> new media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20network" title=" social network "> social network </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11114/using-set-up-candid-clips-as-viral-marketing-via-new-media" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11114.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17173</span> Useful Lifetime Prediction of Rail Pads for High Speed Trains</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Su%20Woo">Chang Su Woo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20Sung%20Park"> Hyun Sung Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Useful lifetime evaluations of rail-pads were very important in design procedure to assure the safety and reliability. It is, therefore, necessary to establish a suitable criterion for the replacement period of rail pads. In this study, we performed properties and accelerated heat aging tests of rail pads considering degradation factors and all environmental conditions including operation, and then derived a lifetime prediction equation according to changes in hardness, thickness, and static spring constants in the Arrhenius plot to establish how to estimate the aging of rail pads. With the useful lifetime prediction equation, the lifetime of e-clip pads was 2.5 years when the change in hardness was 10% at 25°C; and that of f-clip pads was 1.7 years. When the change in thickness was 10%, the lifetime of e-clip pads and f-clip pads is 2.6 years respectively. The results obtained in this study to estimate the useful lifetime of rail pads for high speed trains can be used for determining the maintenance and replacement schedule for rail pads. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rail%20pads" title="rail pads">rail pads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerated%20test" title=" accelerated test"> accelerated test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arrhenius%20plot" title=" Arrhenius plot"> Arrhenius plot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=useful%20lifetime%20prediction" title=" useful lifetime prediction"> useful lifetime prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20engineering%20design" title=" mechanical engineering design"> mechanical engineering design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3182/useful-lifetime-prediction-of-rail-pads-for-high-speed-trains" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17172</span> A Novel Hybrid Deep Learning Architecture for Predicting Acute Kidney Injury Using Patient Record Data and Ultrasound Kidney Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sophia%20Shi">Sophia Shi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the sudden onset of kidney damage in which the kidneys cannot filter waste from the blood, requiring emergency hospitalization. AKI patient mortality rate is high in the ICU and is virtually impossible for doctors to predict because it is so unexpected. Currently, there is no hybrid model predicting AKI that takes advantage of two types of data. De-identified patient data from the MIMIC-III database and de-identified kidney images and corresponding patient records from the Beijing Hospital of the Ministry of Health were collected. Using data features including serum creatinine among others, two numeric models using MIMIC and Beijing Hospital data were built, and with the hospital ultrasounds, an image-only model was built. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) were used, VGG and Resnet for numeric data and Resnet for image data, and they were combined into a hybrid model by concatenating feature maps of both types of models to create a new input. This input enters another CNN block and then two fully connected layers, ending in a binary output after running through Softmax and additional code. The hybrid model successfully predicted AKI and the highest AUROC of the model was 0.953, achieving an accuracy of 90% and F1-score of 0.91. This model can be implemented into urgent clinical settings such as the ICU and aid doctors by assessing the risk of AKI shortly after the patient’s admission to the ICU, so that doctors can take preventative measures and diminish mortality risks and severe kidney damage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acute%20kidney%20injury" title="Acute kidney injury">Acute kidney injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Convolutional%20neural%20network" title=" Convolutional neural network"> Convolutional neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hybrid%20deep%20learning" title=" Hybrid deep learning"> Hybrid deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patient%20record%20data" title=" Patient record data"> Patient record data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ResNet" title=" ResNet"> ResNet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ultrasound%20kidney%20images" title=" Ultrasound kidney images"> Ultrasound kidney images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VGG" title=" VGG"> VGG</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137226/a-novel-hybrid-deep-learning-architecture-for-predicting-acute-kidney-injury-using-patient-record-data-and-ultrasound-kidney-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137226.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17171</span> Image Captioning with Vision-Language Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Promise%20Ekpo%20Osaine">Promise Ekpo Osaine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Melesse"> Daniel Melesse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image captioning is an active area of research in the multi-modal artificial intelligence (AI) community as it connects vision and language understanding, especially in settings where it is required that a model understands the content shown in an image and generates semantically and grammatically correct descriptions. In this project, we followed a standard approach to a deep learning-based image captioning model, injecting architecture for the encoder-decoder setup, where the encoder extracts image features, and the decoder generates a sequence of words that represents the image content. As such, we investigated image encoders, which are ResNet101, InceptionResNetV2, EfficientNetB7, EfficientNetV2M, and CLIP. As a caption generation structure, we explored long short-term memory (LSTM). The CLIP-LSTM model demonstrated superior performance compared to the encoder-decoder models, achieving a BLEU-1 score of 0.904 and a BLEU-4 score of 0.640. Additionally, among the CNN-LSTM models, EfficientNetV2M-LSTM exhibited the highest performance with a BLEU-1 score of 0.896 and a BLEU-4 score of 0.586 while using a single-layer LSTM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-modal%20AI%20systems" title="multi-modal AI systems">multi-modal AI systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20captioning" title=" image captioning"> image captioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encoder" title=" encoder"> encoder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decoder" title=" decoder"> decoder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BLUE%20score" title=" BLUE score"> BLUE score</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181849/image-captioning-with-vision-language-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181849.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17170</span> Protective Role of Peroxiredoxin V against Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun%20Gyeong%20Lee">Eun Gyeong Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Young%20Park"> Ji Young Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20Ae%20Woo"> Hyun Ae Woo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is involved in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in kidney of mice. Oxidative stress develops from an imbalance between ROS production and reduced antioxidant defenses. Many enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems including peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are present in kidney to maintain an appropriate level of ROS and prevent oxidative damage. Prxs are a family of peroxidases that reduce peroxides, with a conserved cysteine residue serving as the site of oxidation by peroxides. In this study, we examined the protective role of Prx V against I/R-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) using Prx V wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice. We compared the response of Prx V WT and KO mice in mice model of I/R injury. Renal structure, functions, oxidative stress markers, protein levels of oxidative damage marker were worse in Prx V KO mice. Ablation of Prx V enhanced susceptibility to I/R-induced oxidative stress. Prx V KO mice were seen to have more severe renal damage than Prx V WT mice in mice model of I/R injury. Our results demonstrate that Prx V is protective against I/R-induced AKI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peroxiredoxin" title="peroxiredoxin">peroxiredoxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ischemia%2Freperfusion" title=" ischemia/reperfusion"> ischemia/reperfusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney" title=" kidney"> kidney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47859/protective-role-of-peroxiredoxin-v-against-ischemiareperfusion-induced-acute-kidney-injury-in-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17169</span> Study of a Cross-Flow Membrane to a Kidney Encapsulation Engineering Structures for Immunosuppression Filter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sihyun%20Chae">Sihyun Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryoto%20Arai"> Ryoto Arai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waldo%20Concepcion"> Waldo Concepcion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Popescu"> Paula Popescu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The kidneys perform an important role in the human hormones that regulate the blood pressure, produce an active form of vitamin D and control the production of red blood cells. Kidney disease can cause health problems, such as heart disease. Also, increase the chance of having a stroke or heart attack. There are mainly to types of treatments for kidney disease, dialysis, and kidney transplant. For a better quality of life, the kidney transplant is desirable. However, kidney transplant can cause antibody reaction and patients’ body would be attacked by immune system of their own. For solving that issue, patients with transplanted kidney always take immunosuppressive drugs which can hurt kidney as side effects. Patients willing to do a kidney transplant have a waiting time of 3.6 years in average searching to find an appropriate kidney, considering there are almost 96,380 patients waiting for kidney transplant. There is a promising method to solve these issues: bioartificial kidney. Our membrane is specially designed with unique perforations capable to filter the blood cells separating the white blood cells from red blood cells. White blood cells will not pass through the encapsulated kidney preventing the immune system to attack the new organ and eliminating the need of a matching donor. It is possible to construct life-time long encapsulation without needing pumps or a power supply on the cell’s separation method preventing futures surgeries due the Cross-Channel Flow inside the device. This technology allows the possibility to use an animal kidney, prevent cancer cells to spread through the body, arm and leg transplants in the future. This project aims to improve the quality of life of patients with kidney disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney%20encapsulation" title="kidney encapsulation">kidney encapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunosuppression%20filter" title=" immunosuppression filter"> immunosuppression filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leukocyte%20filter" title=" leukocyte filter"> leukocyte filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leukocyte" title=" leukocyte"> leukocyte</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103573/study-of-a-cross-flow-membrane-to-a-kidney-encapsulation-engineering-structures-for-immunosuppression-filter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17168</span> Application of Principal Component Analysis and Ordered Logit Model in Diabetic Kidney Disease Progression in People with Type 2 Diabetes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mequanent%20Wale%20Mekonen">Mequanent Wale Mekonen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edoardo%20Otranto"> Edoardo Otranto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Alibrandi"> Angela Alibrandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diabetic kidney disease is one of the main microvascular complications caused by diabetes. Several clinical and biochemical variables are reported to be associated with diabetic kidney disease in people with type 2 diabetes. However, their interrelations could distort the effect estimation of these variables for the disease's progression. The objective of the study is to determine how the biochemical and clinical variables in people with type 2 diabetes are interrelated with each other and their effects on kidney disease progression through advanced statistical methods. First, principal component analysis was used to explore how the biochemical and clinical variables intercorrelate with each other, which helped us reduce a set of correlated biochemical variables to a smaller number of uncorrelated variables. Then, ordered logit regression models (cumulative, stage, and adjacent) were employed to assess the effect of biochemical and clinical variables on the order-level response variable (progression of kidney function) by considering the proportionality assumption for more robust effect estimation. This retrospective cross-sectional study retrieved data from a type 2 diabetic cohort in a polyclinic hospital at the University of Messina, Italy. The principal component analysis yielded three uncorrelated components. These are principal component 1, with negative loading of glycosylated haemoglobin, glycemia, and creatinine; principal component 2, with negative loading of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein; and principal component 3, with negative loading of high-density lipoprotein and a positive load of triglycerides. The ordered logit models (cumulative, stage, and adjacent) showed that the first component (glycosylated haemoglobin, glycemia, and creatinine) had a significant effect on the progression of kidney disease. For instance, the cumulative odds model indicated that the first principal component (linear combination of glycosylated haemoglobin, glycemia, and creatinine) had a strong and significant effect on the progression of kidney disease, with an effect or odds ratio of 0.423 (P value = 0.000). However, this effect was inconsistent across levels of kidney disease because the first principal component did not meet the proportionality assumption. To address the proportionality problem and provide robust effect estimates, alternative ordered logit models, such as the partial cumulative odds model, the partial adjacent category model, and the partial continuation ratio model, were used. These models suggested that clinical variables such as age, sex, body mass index, medication (metformin), and biochemical variables such as glycosylated haemoglobin, glycemia, and creatinine have a significant effect on the progression of kidney disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20kidney%20disease" title="diabetic kidney disease">diabetic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ordered%20logit%20model" title=" ordered logit model"> ordered logit model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20component%20analysis" title=" principal component analysis"> principal component analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20diabetes" title=" type 2 diabetes"> type 2 diabetes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186851/application-of-principal-component-analysis-and-ordered-logit-model-in-diabetic-kidney-disease-progression-in-people-with-type-2-diabetes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186851.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17167</span> Design and Implementation of a Wearable Artificial Kidney Prototype for Home Dialysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20A.%20Qawasma">R. A. Qawasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20M.%20Haddad"> F. M. Haddad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20O.%20Salhab"> H. O. Salhab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hemodialysis is a life-preserving treatment for a number of patients with kidney failure. The standard procedure of hemodialysis is three times a week during the hemodialysis procedure, the patient usually suffering from many inconvenient, exhausting feeling and effect on the heart and cardiovascular system are the most common signs. This paper provides a solution to reduce the previous problems by designing a wearable artificial kidney (WAK) taking in consideration a minimization the size of the dialysis machine. The WAK system consists of two circuits: blood circuit and dialysate circuit. The blood from the patient is filtered in the dialyzer before returning back to the patient. Several parameters using an advanced microcontroller and array of sensors. WAK equipped with visible and audible alarm system to aware the patients if there is any problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20kidney" title="artificial kidney">artificial kidney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=home%20dialysis" title=" home dialysis"> home dialysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20failure" title=" renal failure"> renal failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wearable%20kidney" title=" wearable kidney"> wearable kidney</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68711/design-and-implementation-of-a-wearable-artificial-kidney-prototype-for-home-dialysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68711.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17166</span> An Automated Procedure for Estimating the Glomerular Filtration Rate and Determining the Normality or Abnormality of the Kidney Stages Using an Artificial Neural Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossain%20A.">Hossain A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chowdhury%20S.%20I."> Chowdhury S. I.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The use of a gamma camera is a standard procedure in nuclear medicine facilities or hospitals to diagnose chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the gamma camera does not precisely stage the disease. The authors sought to determine whether they could use an artificial neural network to determine whether CKD was in normal or abnormal stages based on GFR values (ANN). Method: The 250 kidney patients (Training 188, Testing 62) who underwent an ultrasonography test to diagnose a renal test in our nuclear medical center were scanned using a gamma camera. Before the scanning procedure, the patients received an injection of ⁹⁹ᵐTc-DTPA. The gamma camera computes the pre- and post-syringe radioactive counts after the injection has been pushed into the patient's vein. The artificial neural network uses the softmax function with cross-entropy loss to determine whether CKD is normal or abnormal based on the GFR value in the output layer. Results: The proposed ANN model had a 99.20 % accuracy according to K-fold cross-validation. The sensitivity and specificity were 99.10 and 99.20 %, respectively. AUC was 0.994. Conclusion: The proposed model can distinguish between normal and abnormal stages of CKD by using an artificial neural network. The gamma camera could be upgraded to diagnose normal or abnormal stages of CKD with an appropriate GFR value following the clinical application of the proposed model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title="artificial neural network">artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glomerular%20filtration%20rate" title=" glomerular filtration rate"> glomerular filtration rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stages%20of%20the%20kidney" title=" stages of the kidney"> stages of the kidney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamma%20camera" title=" gamma camera"> gamma camera</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153994/an-automated-procedure-for-estimating-the-glomerular-filtration-rate-and-determining-the-normality-or-abnormality-of-the-kidney-stages-using-an-artificial-neural-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17165</span> Diabetes Mellitus and Blood Glucose Variability Increases the 30-day Readmission Rate after Kidney Transplantation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harini%20Chakkera">Harini Chakkera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Inpatient hyperglycemia is an established independent risk factor among several patient cohorts with hospital readmission. This has not been studied after kidney transplantation. Nearly one-third of patients who have undergone a kidney transplant reportedly experience 30-day readmission. Methods: Data on first-time solitary kidney transplantations were retrieved between September 2015 to December 2018. Information was linked to the electronic health record to determine a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and extract glucometeric and insulin therapy data. Univariate logistic regression analysis and the XGBoost algorithm were used to predict 30-day readmission. We report the average performance of the models on the testing set on five bootstrapped partitions of the data to ensure statistical significance. Results: The cohort included 1036 patients who received kidney transplantation, and 224 (22%) experienced 30-day readmission. The machine learning algorithm was able to predict 30-day readmission with an average AUC of 77.3% (95% CI 75.30-79.3%). We observed statistically significant differences in the presence of pretransplant diabetes, inpatient-hyperglycemia, inpatient-hypoglycemia, and minimum and maximum glucose values among those with higher 30-day readmission rates. The XGBoost model identified the index admission length of stay, presence of hyper- and hypoglycemia and recipient and donor BMI values as the most predictive risk factors of 30-day readmission. Additionally, significant variations in the therapeutic management of blood glucose by providers were observed. Conclusions: Suboptimal glucose metrics during hospitalization after kidney transplantation is associated with an increased risk for 30-day hospital readmission. Optimizing the hospital blood glucose management, a modifiable factor, after kidney transplantation may reduce the risk of 30-day readmission. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney" title="kidney">kidney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transplant" title=" transplant"> transplant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin" title=" insulin"> insulin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166096/diabetes-mellitus-and-blood-glucose-variability-increases-the-30-day-readmission-rate-after-kidney-transplantation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166096.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17164</span> Bifid Ureters: Arising Directly from the Separate Calyces and Renal Pelvis of the Kidney: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuri%20Seu">Yuri Seu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20Jin%20Park"> Hyun Jin Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Seo%20Park"> Jin Seo Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Suk%20Moon"> Yong-Suk Moon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HongtaeKim"> HongtaeKim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi-Sun%20Hur"> Mi-Sun Hur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present case report describes bifid ureters arising directly from the separate calyces and renal pelvis of the kidney. It was a single common ureter leading away from the bladder, which was separated into incompletely duplicated ureters near the level of the anterior superior iliac supine. These two branches then entered the left kidney through their own courses. Each ureter traveled anterior and posterior to the renal vein, respectively. These two ureters formed a Y-shaped pattern. One ureter coursed anterior to the renal vein with shorter length, and it terminated at the renal pelvis that was divided into major calices in approximately lower two thirds of the kidney. The other ureter coursed posterior to the renal vein with longer length, terminating at approximately the upper third of the kidney. The renal calices in the upper third of the kidney were directly connected to the posterior ureter, whereas the other major calices in the lower two thirds of the kidney formed the renal pelvis connecting to the anterior ureter. Thus, convergence of the major calices was separated according to the terminations of two ureters. These anomalous ureters were traced to the calices of the kidney, thereby providing a reference of a rare variation of the ureter. The bifid ureters arising from the separate calyces and renal pelvis should be considered by radiologists when evaluating images and diagnosing possible complications of these anomalies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifid%20ureters" title="bifid ureters">bifid ureters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney" title=" kidney"> kidney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=major%20calices" title=" major calices"> major calices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20pelvis" title=" renal pelvis"> renal pelvis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167715/bifid-ureters-arising-directly-from-the-separate-calyces-and-renal-pelvis-of-the-kidney-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17163</span> Cadaveric Assessment of Kidney Dimensions Among Nigerians - A Preliminary Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rotimi%20Sunday%20Ajani">Rotimi Sunday Ajani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omowumi%20Femi-Akinlosotu"> Omowumi Femi-Akinlosotu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The usually paired human kidneys are retroperitoneal urinary organs with some endocrine functions. Standard text books of anatomy ascribe single value to each of the dimension of length, width and thickness. Research questions: These values do not give consideration to racial and genetic variability in human morphology. They may thus be erroneous to students and clinicians working on Nigerians. Objectives: The study aimed at establishing reference values of the kidney length, width and thickness for Nigerians using the cadaveric model. Methodology: The length, width, thickness and weight of sixty kidneys harvested from cadavers of thirty adult Nigerians (Male: Female; 27: 3) were measured. Respective volume was calculated using the ellipsoid formula. Results: The mean length of the kidney was 9.84±0.89 cm (9.63±0.88 {right}; 10.06±0.86 {left}), width- 5.18±0.70 cm (5.21±0.72 {right}; 5.14±0.70 {left}), thickness-3.45±0.56 cm (3.36±0.58 {right}, 3.53±0.55 {left}), weight-125.06±22.34 g (122.36±21.70 {right}; 127.76 ±24.02 {left}) and volume of 95.45± 24.40 cm3 (91.73± 26.84 {right}; 99.17± 25.75 {left}). Discussion: Though the values of the parameters measured were higher for the left kidney (except for the width), they were not statistically significant. The various parameters obtained by this study differ from those of similar studies from other continents. Conclusion: Stating single value for each of the parameter of length, width and thickness of the kidney as currently obtained in textbooks of anatomy may be incomplete information and hence misleading. Thus, there is the need to emphasize racial differences when stating the normal values of kidney dimensions in textbooks of anatomy. Implication for Research and Innovation: The results of the study showed the dimensions of the kidney (length, width and thickness) have interracial vagaries as they were different from those of similar studies and values stated in standard textbooks of human anatomy. Future direction: This is a preliminary report and the study will continue so that more data will be obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney%20dimensions" title="kidney dimensions">kidney dimensions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadaveric%20estimation" title=" cadaveric estimation"> cadaveric estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult%20nigerians" title=" adult nigerians"> adult nigerians</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racial%20differences" title=" racial differences"> racial differences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168101/cadaveric-assessment-of-kidney-dimensions-among-nigerians-a-preliminary-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17162</span> Development of a Spatial Data for Renal Registry in Nigeria Health Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adekunle%20Kolawole%20Ojo">Adekunle Kolawole Ojo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idowu%20Peter%20Adebayo"> Idowu Peter Adebayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egwuche%20Sylvester%20O."> Egwuche Sylvester O.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality across developed and developing nations and is associated with increased risk. There are no existing electronic means of capturing and monitoring CKD in Nigeria. The work is aimed at developing a spatial data model that can be used to implement renal registries required for tracking and monitoring the spatial distribution of renal diseases by public health officers and patients. In this study, we have developed a spatial data model for a functional renal registry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20registry" title="renal registry">renal registry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20informatics" title=" health informatics"> health informatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20disease" title=" chronic kidney disease"> chronic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface" title=" interface"> interface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150377/development-of-a-spatial-data-for-renal-registry-in-nigeria-health-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17161</span> Paeonol Prevents Diabetic Nephropathy Progression in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuan%20Li">Xuan Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaobing%20Cui"> Xiaobing Cui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nan%20Meng"> Nan Meng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuangshuang%20Guo"> Shuangshuang Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lingling%20Wang"> Lingling Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To investigate the influence of Paeonol on diabetic nephropathy progression in streptozocin (STZ) -induced diabetic rats. Method Male Wistar rats were injected STZ 30mg.kg-1 combined with Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) 0.1mL/rat once a week for three weeks. The diabetic rats were treated with Paenol for 13 weeks. At the end of the experiments, the rats were anesthetized. Serum and the kidney were collected. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and total cholesterol (Chol) level were detected; kidney paraffin sections were prepared and HE and PAS staining sections were used to evaluate the pathology changes of the kidney. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to observe the expression of VEGF and fibernectin expression in the kidney. Result The blood glucose level remained over 16mmol. L-1 for 13 weeks and the ECM accumulated in the diabetic kidney apparently. Paeonol treatment increased serum SOD activity, however, MDA, BUN, Cr, and Chol level was decreased by paeonol treatment. VEGF and fibernectin expression were increased significantly in the DN rats and paeonol treatment ameliorated the overexpression. Conclusion: paeonol prevented the progression of DN. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paeonol" title="paeonol">paeonol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STZ" title=" STZ"> STZ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20nephropathy" title=" diabetic nephropathy"> diabetic nephropathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibernectin%20expression" title=" fibernectin expression"> fibernectin expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney%20paraffin%20sections" title=" kidney paraffin sections"> kidney paraffin sections</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2260/paeonol-prevents-diabetic-nephropathy-progression-in-stz-induced-diabetic-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">461</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17160</span> Detection of Leptospira interrogans in Kidney and Urine of water Buffalo and its Relationship with Histopathological and Serological Findings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Haji%20Hajikolaei">M. R. Haji Hajikolaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Nikvand"> A. A. Nikvand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Ghadrdan"> A. R. Ghadrdan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ghorbanpoor"> M. Ghorbanpoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Mohammadian"> B. Mohammadian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out on water buffalo for detection of Leptospira interrogans in kidney and urine and its relationship with serological findings. Blood, urine and kidney samples were taken immediately after slaughter from 353 water buffalos at Ahvaz abattoir in Khouzestan province, Iran. Sera were initially screened at serum dilution of 1:100 against seven live antigens of Leptospira interrogans: pomona, hardjo, ballum, icterohemorrhagiae, tarasovi, australis and grippotyphosa using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and sera with positive results were titrated against reacting antigens in serial twofold dilution from 1:100 to 1:800. The samples of kidney were embedded in paraffin wax and 5µm thick sections were stained routinely with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examination was done on urine and kidney by using LipL32 gene primers. Antibodies against one or more serovars at dilution >:100 were detected in sera. The most frequent reactor was hardjo (56.2%), followed by pomona (52.3%), australis (9.8%), tarassovi (5.9%), grippotyphosa (4.5%) and icterohaemorrhagiae (3.9%). The L. interrogans were detected in 43 (12.2%) of examined buffaloes, so that 26 (8.2%) of kidney tissues, 14 (4.8%) of urine samples separately and 3 (0.84%) of both kidney and urine samples were positive in PCR. From 153 (43.3%) buffaloes with positive MAT, 24 cases were positive by PCR of kidney and/or urine samples, synchronously. Renal lesions such as interstitial nephritis, acute tubular necrosis (ATN), pyelonephritis, glomerolonephritis, renal fibrosis and hydronephrosis were found in 128 (36.3%) cases. Statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant association between results of MAT, PCR and interstitial nephritis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leptospiral%20infection" title="leptospiral infection">leptospiral infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR" title=" PCR"> PCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAT" title=" MAT"> MAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20buffalo" title=" river buffalo"> river buffalo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39412/detection-of-leptospira-interrogans-in-kidney-and-urine-of-water-buffalo-and-its-relationship-with-histopathological-and-serological-findings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17159</span> Early Detection of Kidney Failure by Using a Distinct Technique for Sweat Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba.%20T.%20Suliman">Saba. T. Suliman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa.%20H.%20Osman"> Alaa. H. Osman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara.%20T.%20Ahmed"> Sara. T. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeinab.%20A.%20Mustafa"> Zeinab. A. Mustafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram.%20I.%20Omara"> Akram. I. Omara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Banazier.%20A.%20Ibraheem"> Banazier. A. Ibraheem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diagnosis by sweat is one of the emerging methods whereby sweat can identify many diseases in the human body. Sweat contains many elements that help in the diagnostic process. In this research, we analyzed sweat samples by using a Colorimeter device to identify the disease of kidney failure in its various stages. This analysis is a non-invasive method where the sample is collected from outside the body, and then this sample is analyzed. Urea refers to the disease of kidney failure when its quantity is high in the blood and then in the sweat, and by experience, we found that the amount of urea for males differs from its quantity for females, where there is a noticeable increase for males in normal and pathological cases. In this research, we took many samples from a normal group that does not suffer from renal failure and another who suffers from the disease to compare the percentage of urea, and after analysis, we found that the urea percentage is high in people with kidney failure disease. with an accuracy of results of 85%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sweat%20analysis" title="sweat analysis">sweat analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney%20failure" title=" kidney failure"> kidney failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urea" title=" urea"> urea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-invasive" title=" non-invasive"> non-invasive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eccrine%20glands" title=" eccrine glands"> eccrine glands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineral%20composition" title=" mineral composition"> mineral composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sweat%20test" title=" sweat test"> sweat test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187068/early-detection-of-kidney-failure-by-using-a-distinct-technique-for-sweat-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17158</span> Unpleasant Symptom Clusters Influencing Quality of Life among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anucha%20Taiwong">Anucha Taiwong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nirobol%20Kanogsunthornrat"> Nirobol Kanogsunthornrat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This predictive research aimed to investigate the symptom clusters that influence the quality of life among patients with chronic kidney disease, as indicated in the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms. The purposive sample consisted of 150 patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease who received care at an outpatient chronic kidney disease clinic of a tertiary hospital in Roi-Et province. Data were collected from January to March 2016 by using a patient general information form, unpleasant symptom form, and quality of life (SF-36) and were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Findings revealed six core symptom clusters including symptom cluster of the mental and emotional conditions, peripheral nerves abnormality, fatigue, gastro-intestinal tract, pain and, waste congestion. Significant predictors for quality of life were the two symptom clusters of pain (Beta = -.220; p < .05) and the mental and emotional conditions (Beta=-.204; p<.05) which had predictive value of 19.10% (R2=.191, p<.05). This study indicated that the symptom cluster of pain and the mental and emotional conditions would worsen the patients’ quality of life. Nurses should be attentive in managing the two symptom clusters to facilitate the quality of life among patients with chronic kidney disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20disease" title="chronic kidney disease">chronic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symptom%20clusters" title=" symptom clusters"> symptom clusters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictors%20of%20quality%20of%20life" title=" predictors of quality of life"> predictors of quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-dialysis" title=" pre-dialysis"> pre-dialysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85629/unpleasant-symptom-clusters-influencing-quality-of-life-among-patients-with-chronic-kidney-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17157</span> The Effects of Grape Waste Bioactive Compounds on the Immune Response and Oxidative Stress in Pig Kidney</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihai%20Palade">Mihai Palade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gina%20Cecilia%20Pistol"> Gina Cecilia Pistol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariana%20%20Stancu"> Mariana Stancu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veronica%20Chedea"> Veronica Chedea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ionelia%20Taranu"> Ionelia Taranu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nutrition is an important determinant of general health status, with especially focus on prevention and/or attenuation of the inflammatory-associated pathologies. People with chronic kidney disease can experience chronic inflammation that can lead to cardiovascular disease and even an increased rate of death. There are important links between chronic kidney diseases, inflammation and nutritional strategies that may prevent or protect against undesirable inflammation and oxidative stress. The grape by-products either seeds or pomace are rich in polyphenols which may be beneficial in prevention of inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial processes. As a model for studying the impact of grape seeds on renal inflammation and oxidative stress, we used in this study weaned piglets. After a feeding trial of 30 days with a control diet and an experimental diet containing 5% grape seed (GS), kidney samples were collected. In renal tissues were determined the expression and activity of important markers of immune respose and oxidative stress: pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-gamma), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10), anti-oxidant enzymes (catalase CAT, superoxide dismutase SOD, glutathione peroxidise GPx) and important mediators belonging to nuclear receptors (NF-kB1, Nrf-2 and PPAR-gamma). Gene expression was evaluated by qPCR, whereas protein concentration was determined using proteomic techniques (ELISA). The activity of anti-oxidant enzymes was determined using specific kits. Our results showed that GS enriched in polyphenols does not have effect on TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta gene expression and protein concentration in kidney. By contrast, the gene expression and protein level of IL-8 and IFN-gamma were decreased in GS kidney. Anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 gene levels were increased in kidneys collected from GS piglets in comparison with controls, with no modification of protein levels between the two groups. The activities of anti-oxidant enzymes CAT and GPx were increased in kidney by GS, whereas SOD activity was unmodified in comparison with control samples. Also, the GS diet was associated with no modulation of mRNAs for nuclear receptors NF-kB1, Nrf-2 and PPAR-gamma gene expressions in kidneys. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that GS enriched in bioactive compounds such polyphenols could modulate inflammation and oxidative stress markers in kidney tissues. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanism of action of GS compounds in case kidney inflammation associated with oxidative stress, and signalling molecules involved in these mechanisms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20model" title="animal model">animal model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney%20inflammation" title=" kidney inflammation"> kidney inflammation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grape%20seed" title=" grape seed"> grape seed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67598/the-effects-of-grape-waste-bioactive-compounds-on-the-immune-response-and-oxidative-stress-in-pig-kidney" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17156</span> Nutritional Composition of Maize-Based Snack Fortified with Kidney Beans and Alligator Pepper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20E.%20Adeyanju">B. E. Adeyanju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20K.%20Bolade"> M. K. Bolade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20N.%20Enijuigha"> V. N. Enijuigha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work examined the nutritional composition of maize-based snack (kango) fortified with kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and alligator pepper (Aframomum melegueta). The snack is essentially traditional food being consumed by all ages in the southwestern part of Nigeria. Three varieties of maize were obtained from the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Ibadan, Nigeria, namely: ART-98-SW06-W, Br 9943-DMR-SR-W and SUWAN-1-SR-Y. Flour blends were obtained using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) which resulted in appropriate blending ratios of maize, kidney beans and alligator pepper. Kango was prepared by milling maize grain into flour; ingredients such as pepper, onion, salt and water were added to the maize flour, mixed together to make a slurry. The slurry was fried in hot groundnut oil at a temperature of 126°C for 8 minutes. The incorporation of kidney bean and alligator pepper in maize flour was observed to increase the water and oil absorption capacities of the resultant blends thereby giving 109.21 to 156.90 ml/mg and 110.68 to 136.67 ml/mg respectively for kango. The pasting properties of the maize flour blends were also enhanced due to the incorporation of kidney bean and alligator pepper. The peak viscosity of the flour blends ranged from 3.24 to 7.67 RVU. The incorporation of kidney bean and alligator pepper in the production of the snacks increased the protein contents from 9.63 to 16.37%. The mineral contents (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc) of the snacks were equally increased due to the incorporation of kidney bean and alligator pepper. A general increase was observed for vitamin B1 (0.69- 1.25 mg/100g), B2 (0.09 - 0.46 mg/100g) and B3 (0.11 - 0.72 mg/100g) in the snacks due to the incorporation of kidney bean and alligator pepper. This research work showed that kango produced from the composited maize flour, kidney bean and alligator pepper had better functional properties and higher nutritional contents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20properties" title="functional properties">functional properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kango" title=" kango"> kango</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutritional%20composition" title=" nutritional composition"> nutritional composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=snack" title=" snack"> snack</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86836/nutritional-composition-of-maize-based-snack-fortified-with-kidney-beans-and-alligator-pepper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17155</span> Investigation Acute Toxicity and Bioaccumulation Mineral Mercury in Rutilus frisii Kutum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Gharaei">A. Gharaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Karami"> R. Karami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rutilus frisii Kutum was exposed to various concentrations of mercuric chloride in water to determine its acute toxicity and bioaccumulation. We carried out ten treatments with three replicates and one control for each of the chemicals using the static O. E. C. D. method in 55-liter-tanks each containing 14 fingerlings. During the experiments, the average pH was recorded as 7.8, total hardness was measured to be 255 mg/l, the average water temperature was 27±1 degrees centigrade and dissolved oxygen was 7.2 mg/l. Mean LC50 values of Hgcl2 for juvenile R. frisii kutum with mean weight 1±0.2 gr were 0.102 and 0.86 mgHg/l at 24h and 96h, respectively. The bioaccumulation values during 24h in tissue, kidney, and gill were 1.55, 16.1, and 22.7 mgHg/l, respectively. So, these values during 96h were 2.8, 16.8, and 26.65 mgHg/l, respectively. The bioconcentration factors in tissue, kidney, and gill during 24h were 14.75, 153.39, and 216.11 and so during 96h were 33.8, 198.1, and 313.5 times. These results show that bioaccumulation was highest in the gill and then kidney and tissue, respectively. This study suggested that between mercury concentrations of water with bioaccumulation in tissue more than kidney and gill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HgCl2" title="HgCl2">HgCl2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LC5096h" title=" LC5096h"> LC5096h</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioaccumulation" title=" bioaccumulation"> bioaccumulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rutilus%20frisii%20Kutum" title=" Rutilus frisii Kutum"> Rutilus frisii Kutum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caspian%20Sea" title=" Caspian Sea"> Caspian Sea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34715/investigation-acute-toxicity-and-bioaccumulation-mineral-mercury-in-rutilus-frisii-kutum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">573</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17154</span> A Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of TRC101/Veverimer 6g/Day in Increasing Serum Bicarbonate Levels of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Metabolic Acidosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazel%20Ann%20Gianelli%20Cu">Hazel Ann Gianelli Cu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephanie%20Co"> Stephanie Co</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radcliff%20Cobankiat"> Radcliff Cobankiat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: TRC101/Veverimer is an orally administered, non absorbed, sodium- and counterion-free hydrochloric acid binder for the treatment of metabolic acidosis associated with chronic kidney disease. The main objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of TRC 101/ Veverimer 6g/day in increasing serum bicarbonate levels of chronic kidney disease patients with metabolic acidosis. In this meta analysis, we also aim to look at safety outcomes, adverse effects and if the level of serum bicarbonate reached metabolic alkalosis when given TRC101/Veverimer. Methodology: Pubmed, Cochrane, Google Scholar and Science direct were used to search for randomized controlled trials about TRC101/Veverimer use in Chronic kidney disease patients with metabolic acidosis. Search strategy according to the Prisma checklist was done with evaluation of biases and synthesis of results using the Cochrane Review Manager software 5.4. Results: Two randomized controlled trials involving 371 chronic kidney disease patients were included in this study. Results show there was a significant increase in the serum bicarbonate level when given TRC101/Veverimer compared to the placebo. Both studies had a significant number of participants who completed the studies until the end. P value of <0.00001 was used in both studies with a confidence interval of 95%. Conclusion: TRC101/Veverimer 6g/day was shown to effectively and safely increase serum bicarbonate or achieve normalization in chronic kidney disease patients with metabolic acidosis as compared with a placebo. This was associated with delayed progression of kidney disease with improvement of physical functioning, however longer duration of future studies is ideal in order to assess further the long advantages and consequences of TRC 101/Veverimer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20disease" title="chronic kidney disease">chronic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20acidosis" title=" metabolic acidosis"> metabolic acidosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veverimer" title=" Veverimer"> Veverimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TRC101" title=" TRC101"> TRC101</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138974/a-meta-analysis-on-the-efficacy-and-safety-of-trc101veverimer-6gday-in-increasing-serum-bicarbonate-levels-of-chronic-kidney-disease-patients-with-metabolic-acidosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17153</span> Chronic Hypertension, Aquaporin and Hydraulic Conductivity: A Perspective on Pathological Connections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chirag%20Raval">Chirag Raval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jimmy%20Toussaint"> Jimmy Toussaint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tieuvi%20Nguyen"> Tieuvi Nguyen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadi%20Fadaifard"> Hadi Fadaifard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Wolberg"> George Wolberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steven%20Quarfordt"> Steven Quarfordt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kung-ming%20Jan"> Kung-ming Jan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20S.%20Rumschitzki"> David S. Rumschitzki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Numerous studies examine aquaporins’ role in osmotic water transport in various systems but virtually none focus on aquaporins’ role in hydrostatically-driven water transport involving mammalian cells save for our laboratory’s recent study of aortic endothelial cells. Here we investigate aquaporin-1 expression and function in the aortic endothelium in two high-renin rat models of hypertension, the spontaneously hypertensive genomically altered Wystar-Kyoto rat variant and Sprague-Dawley rats made hypertensive by two kidney, one clip Goldblatt surgery. We measured aquaporin-1 expression in aortic endothelial cells from whole rat aortas by quantitative immunohistochemistry, and function by measuring the pressure driven hydraulic conductivities of excised rat aortas with both intact and denuded endothelia on the same vessel. We use them to calculate the effective intimal hydraulic conductivity, which is a combination of endothelial and subendothelial components. We observed well-correlated enhancements in aquaporin-1 expression and function in both hypertensive rat models as well as in aortas from normotensive rats whose expression was upregulated by 2h forskolin treatment. Upregulated aquaporin-1 expression and function may be a response to hypertension that critically determines conduit artery vessel wall viability and long-term susceptibility to atherosclerosis. Numerous studies examine aquaporins’ role in osmotic water transport in various systems but virtually none focus on aquaporins’ role in hydrostatically-driven water transport involving mammalian cells save for our laboratory’s recent study of aortic endothelial cells. Here we investigate aquaporin-1 expression and function in the aortic endothelium in two high-renin rat models of hypertension, the spontaneously hypertensive genomically altered Wystar-Kyoto rat variant and Sprague-Dawley rats made hypertensive by two kidney, one clip Goldblatt surgery. We measured aquaporin-1 expression in aortic endothelial cells from whole rat aortas by quantitative immunohistochemistry, and function by measuring the pressure driven hydraulic conductivities of excised rat aortas with both intact and denuded endothelia on the same vessel. We use them to calculate the effective intimal hydraulic conductivity, which is a combination of endothelial and subendothelial components. We observed well-correlated enhancements in aquaporin-1 expression and function in both hypertensive rat models as well as in aortas from normotensive rats whose expression was upregulated by 2h forskolin treatment. Upregulated aquaporin-1 expression and function may be a response to hypertension that critically determines conduit artery vessel wall viability and long-term susceptibility to atherosclerosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20hypertension" title="acute hypertension">acute hypertension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquaporin-1" title=" aquaporin-1"> aquaporin-1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic%20conductivity" title=" hydraulic conductivity"> hydraulic conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrostatic%20pressure" title=" hydrostatic pressure"> hydrostatic pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aortic%20endothelial%20cells" title=" aortic endothelial cells"> aortic endothelial cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transcellular%20flow" title=" transcellular flow"> transcellular flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39927/chronic-hypertension-aquaporin-and-hydraulic-conductivity-a-perspective-on-pathological-connections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17152</span> VHL, PBRM1, and SETD2 Genes in Kidney Cancer: A Molecular Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rozhgar%20A.%20Khailany">Rozhgar A. Khailany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehri%20Igci"> Mehri Igci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emine%20Bayraktar"> Emine Bayraktar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakip%20Erturhan"> Sakip Erturhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Metin%20Karakok"> Metin Karakok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Arslan"> Ahmet Arslan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kidney cancer is the most lethal urological cancer accounting for 3% of adult malignancies. VHL, a tumor-suppressor gene, is best known to be associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The VHL functions as negative regulator of hypoxia inducible factors. Recent sequencing efforts have identified several novel frequent mutations of histone modifying and chromatin remodeling genes in ccRCC (clear cell RCC) including PBRM1 and SETD2. The PBRM1 gene encodes the BAF180 protein, which involved in transcriptional activation and repression of selected genes. SETD2 encodes a histone methyltransferase, which may play a role in suppressing tumor development. In this study, RNAs of 30 paired tumor and normal samples that were grouped according to the types of kidney cancer and clinical characteristics of patients, including gender and average age were examined by RT-PCR, SSCP and sequencing techniques. VHL, PBRM1 and SETD2 expressions were relatively down-regulated. However, statistically no significance was found (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p > 0.05). Interestingly, no mutation was observed on the contrary of previous studies. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of RCC has aided the development of molecular-targeted drugs for kidney cancer. Further analysis is required to identify the responsible genes rather than VHL, PBRM1 and SETD2 in kidney cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney%20cancer" title="kidney cancer">kidney cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20biomarker" title=" molecular biomarker"> molecular biomarker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expression%20analysis" title=" expression analysis"> expression analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutation%20screening" title=" mutation screening"> mutation screening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21021/vhl-pbrm1-and-setd2-genes-in-kidney-cancer-a-molecular-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17151</span> Kidney Stones in Individuals Living with Diabetes Mellitus at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City - Tertiary Care Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suhaib%20Radi">Suhaib Radi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Basem%20Nafadi"> Ibrahim Basem Nafadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Ahmed%20Alsulami"> Abdullah Ahmed Alsulami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nawaf%20Faisal%20Halabi"> Nawaf Faisal Halabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrhman%20Abdullah%20Alsubhi"> Abdulrhman Abdullah Alsubhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sami%20Wesam%20Maghrabi"> Sami Wesam Maghrabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Saad%20Alshehri"> Waleed Saad Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Kidney stones greatly affect individuals. The range of these effects regarding multiple kidney stone factors (size, presence of obstruction, and modality of treatment) in stone formers with and without diabetes has not been well explored in the literature to the best of the author's knowledge. Our goal is to investigate this unexplored correlation between diabetes and kidney stones by conducting a Cohort retrospective study to precisely evaluate the effects of this condition and the existence of complications in adult individuals with diabetes in Saudi Arabia in comparison to a non-diabetic control group. Methodology: This is a retrospective cohort study aiming to evaluate the range of effects of kidney stones in stone formers in a group of adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and adults without diabetes between 2017 and 2019 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. An IRB approval has been granted for this study. The data was analyzed using SPSS. The data was collected from the 1st of December 2022 until the 1st of March 2023. Results: A total of 254 individuals diagnosed with kidney stones were included, 127 of whom were adult individuals with type 2 diabetes, and 127 were non-diabetics. Our study shows that the individuals affected with diabetes were more likely to have larger kidney stones in comparison to individuals without diabetes (13.12 mm vs. 10.53 mm, p-value = 0.03). Moreover, individuals with hypertension and dyslipidemia also had significantly larger stones. On the other hand, no significant difference was found in the presence of obstruction and modality of treatment between the two groups. Conclusion: This study done in Saudi Arabia found that individuals with kidney stones who concurrently had diabetes formed larger kidney stones, and they were also found to have other comorbidities such as HTN, dyslipidemia, obesity, and renal disease. The significance of these findings could assist in the future of primary and secondary prevention of renal stones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney%20stone" title="kidney stone">kidney stone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20DM" title=" type 2 DM"> type 2 DM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20syndrome" title=" metabolic syndrome"> metabolic syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithotripsy" title=" lithotripsy"> lithotripsy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172898/kidney-stones-in-individuals-living-with-diabetes-mellitus-at-king-abdul-aziz-medical-city-tertiary-care-center-jeddah-saudi-arabia-a-retrospective-cohort-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17150</span> Qualitative Modeling of Transforming Growth Factor Beta-Associated Biological Regulatory Network: Insight into Renal Fibrosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Waqar%20Khan">Ayesha Waqar Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Altaf"> Mariam Altaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamil%20Ahmad"> Jamil Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaheen%20Shahzad"> Shaheen Shahzad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kidney fibrosis is an anticipated outcome of possibly all types of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway is responsible for production of matrix-producing fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in diseased kidney. In this study, a discrete model of TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and CTGF (connective tissue growth factor) was constructed using Rene Thomas formalism to investigate renal fibrosis turn over. The kinetic logic proposed by Rene Thomas is a renowned approach for modeling of Biological Regulatory Networks (BRNs). This modeling approach uses a set of constraints which represents the dynamics of the BRN thus analyzing the pathway and predicting critical trajectories that lead to a normal or diseased state. The molecular connection between TGF-beta, Smad 2/3 (transcription factor) phosphorylation and CTGF is modeled using GenoTech. The order of BRN is CTGF, TGF-B, and SMAD3 respectively. The predicted cycle depicts activation of TGF-B (TGF-β) via cleavage of its own pro-domain (0,1,0) and presentation to TGFR-II receptor phosphorylating SMAD3 (Smad2/3) in the state (0,1,1). Later TGF-B is turned off (0,0,1) thereby activating SMAD3 that further stimulates the expression of CTGF in the state (1,0,1) and itself turns off in (1,0,0). Elevated CTGF expression reactivates TGF-B (1,1,0) and the cycle continues. The predicted model has generated one cycle and two steady states. Cyclic behavior in this study represents the diseased state in which all three proteins contribute to renal fibrosis. The proposed model is in accordance with the experimental findings of the existing diseased state. Extended cycle results in enhanced CTGF expression through Smad2/3 and Smad4 translocation in the nucleus. The results suggest that the system converges towards organ fibrogenesis if CTGF remains constructively active along with Smad2/3 and Smad 4 that plays an important role in kidney fibrosis. Therefore, modeling regulatory pathways of kidney fibrosis will escort to the progress of therapeutic tools and real-world useful applications such as predictive and preventive medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CTGF" title="CTGF">CTGF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renal%20fibrosis%20signaling%20pathway" title=" renal fibrosis signaling pathway"> renal fibrosis signaling pathway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20biology" title=" system biology"> system biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20modeling" title=" qualitative modeling"> qualitative modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102386/qualitative-modeling-of-transforming-growth-factor-beta-associated-biological-regulatory-network-insight-into-renal-fibrosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102386.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17149</span> Use of Pig as an Animal Model for Assessing the Differential MicroRNA Profiling in Kidney after Aristolochic Acid Intoxication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniela%20E.%20Marin">Daniela E. Marin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cornelia%20Braicu"> Cornelia Braicu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gina%20C.%20Pistol"> Gina C. Pistol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roxana%20Cojocneanu-Petric"> Roxana Cojocneanu-Petric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ioana%20Berindan%20Neagoe"> Ioana Berindan Neagoe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihail%20A.%20Gras"> Mihail A. Gras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ionelia%20Taranu"> Ionelia Taranu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aristolochic acid (AA) is a carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic compound commonly found in the Aristolochiaceae family of plants. AA is frequently associated with urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract in human and animals and is considered as being responsible for Balkan Endemic Nephropathy. The pig provides a good animal model because the porcine urological system is very similar to that of humans, both in aspects of physiology and anatomy. MicroRNA (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that have an impact on a wide range of biological processes by regulating gene expression at post-transcriptional level. The objective of this study was to analyze the miRNA profiling in the kidneys of AA intoxicated swine. For this purpose, ten TOPIGS-40 crossbred weaned piglets, 4-week-old, male and females with an initial average body weight of 9.83 ± 0.5 kg were studied for 28 days. They were given ad libitum access to water and feed and randomly allotted to one of the following groups: control group (C) or aristolochic acid group (AA). They were fed a maize-soybean-meal-based diet contaminated or not with 0.25mgAA/kg. To profile miRNA in the kidneys of pigs, microarrays and bioinformatics approaches were applied to analyze the miRNA in the kidney of control and AA intoxicated pigs. After normalization, our results have shown that a total of 5 known miRNAs and 4 novel miRNAs had different profiling in the kidney of intoxicated animals versus control ones. Expression of miR-32-5p, miR-497-5p, miR-423-3p, miR-218-5p, miR-128-3p were up-regulated by 0.25mgAA/kg feed, while the expression of miR-9793-5p, miR-9835-3p, miR-9840-3p, miR-4334-5p was down-regulated. The microRNA profiling in kidney of intoxicated animals was associated with modified expression of target genes as: RICTOR, LASP1, SFRP2, DKK2, BMI1, RAF1, IGF1R, MAP2K1, WEE1, HDGF, BCL2, EIF4E etc, involved in cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration, cell signaling, cancer etc. In conclusion, this study provides new data concerning the microRNA profiling in kidney after aristolochic acid intoxications with important implications for human and animal health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aristolochic%20acid" title="aristolochic acid">aristolochic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney" title=" kidney"> kidney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNA" title=" microRNA"> microRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swine" title=" swine"> swine</a> </p> <a 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