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name="searchtype"><option value="all">All fields</option><option value="title">Title</option><option selected value="author">Author(s)</option><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="comments">Comments</option><option value="journal_ref">Journal reference</option><option value="acm_class">ACM classification</option><option value="msc_class">MSC classification</option><option value="report_num">Report number</option><option value="paper_id">arXiv identifier</option><option value="doi">DOI</option><option value="orcid">ORCID</option><option value="license">License (URI)</option><option value="author_id">arXiv author ID</option><option value="help">Help pages</option><option value="full_text">Full text</option></select> <input id="query" name="query" type="text" value="Daems, D"> <ul id="abstracts"><li><input checked id="abstracts-0" name="abstracts" type="radio" value="show"> <label for="abstracts-0">Show abstracts</label></li><li><input id="abstracts-1" name="abstracts" 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is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.13771">arXiv:2411.13771</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.13771">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Computers and Society">cs.CY</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Social and Information Networks">cs.SI</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Physics and Society">physics.soc-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Deciphering Urban Morphogenesis: A Morphospace Approach </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Netto%2C+V">Vini Netto</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Cacholas%2C+C">Caio Cacholas</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Daems%2C+D">Dries Daems</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Ribeiro%2C+F">Fabiano Ribeiro</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Davis%2C+H">Howard Davis</a>, <a href="/search/cs?searchtype=author&query=Lenz%2C+D">Daniel Lenz</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2411.13771v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Cities emerged independently across different world regions and historical periods, raising fundamental questions: How did the first urban settlements develop? What social and spatial conditions enabled their emergence? Are these processes universal or context-dependent? Moreover, what distinguishes cities from other human settlements? This paper investigates the drivers of city creation through a… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2411.13771v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2411.13771v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2411.13771v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Cities emerged independently across different world regions and historical periods, raising fundamental questions: How did the first urban settlements develop? What social and spatial conditions enabled their emergence? Are these processes universal or context-dependent? Moreover, what distinguishes cities from other human settlements? This paper investigates the drivers of city creation through a hybrid approach that integrates urban theory with the biological concept of morphospace (the space of all possible configurations) and archaeological evidence. It examines the transition from sedentary hunter-gatherer communities to urban societies, identifying key forces such as defence, social hierarchy formation, population scale, and work specialization, culminating in increasingly complex divisions of labour as a central driver of urbanization. Morphogenesis is conceptualised as a trajectory across morphospace, shaped by structure-seeking selection processes that balance density, permeability, and information as critical dimensions. The study highlights the non-ergodic nature of urban morphogenesis, where configurations are progressively selected based on their fitness to support the diversifying interactions between mutually dependent agents. The morphospace framework effectively distinguishes between theoretical spatial configurations, non-urban and proto-urban settlements, and contemporary cities. This analysis supports the proposition that cities emerge and evolve as solutions balancing density, permeability, and informational organization, enabling them to support increasingly complex societal functions. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2411.13771v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2411.13771v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 20 November, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">20 pages, 8 figures</span> </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet">  <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a 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