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value="clinpract" > Clinics and Practice </option> <option value="clockssleep" > Clocks & Sleep </option> <option value="coasts" > Coasts </option> <option value="coatings" > Coatings </option> <option value="colloids" > Colloids and Interfaces </option> <option value="colorants" > Colorants </option> <option value="commodities" > Commodities </option> <option value="complications" > Complications </option> <option value="compounds" > Compounds </option> <option value="computation" > Computation </option> <option value="csmf" > Computer Sciences & Mathematics Forum </option> <option value="computers" > Computers </option> <option value="condensedmatter" > Condensed Matter </option> <option value="conservation" > Conservation </option> <option value="constrmater" > Construction Materials </option> <option value="cmd" > Corrosion and Materials Degradation (CMD) </option> <option value="cosmetics" > Cosmetics </option> <option value="covid" > COVID </option> <option value="crops" > Crops </option> <option value="cryo" > Cryo </option> <option value="cryptography" > Cryptography </option> <option value="crystals" > Crystals </option> <option value="cimb" > Current Issues in Molecular Biology (CIMB) </option> <option value="curroncol" > Current Oncology </option> <option value="dairy" > Dairy </option> <option value="data" > Data </option> <option value="dentistry" > Dentistry Journal </option> <option value="dermato" > Dermato </option> <option value="dermatopathology" > Dermatopathology </option> <option value="designs" > Designs </option> <option value="diabetology" > Diabetology </option> <option value="diagnostics" > Diagnostics </option> <option value="dietetics" > Dietetics </option> <option value="digital" > Digital </option> <option value="disabilities" > Disabilities </option> <option value="diseases" > Diseases </option> <option value="diversity" > Diversity </option> <option value="dna" > DNA </option> <option value="drones" > Drones </option> <option value="ddc" > Drugs and Drug Candidates (DDC) </option> <option value="dynamics" > Dynamics </option> <option value="earth" > Earth </option> <option value="ecologies" > Ecologies </option> <option value="econometrics" > Econometrics </option> <option value="economies" > Economies </option> <option value="education" > Education Sciences </option> <option value="electricity" > Electricity </option> <option value="electrochem" > Electrochem </option> <option value="electronicmat" > Electronic Materials </option> <option value="electronics" > Electronics </option> <option value="ecm" > Emergency Care and Medicine </option> <option value="encyclopedia" > Encyclopedia </option> <option value="endocrines" > Endocrines </option> <option value="energies" > Energies </option> <option value="esa" > Energy Storage and Applications (ESA) </option> <option value="eng" > Eng </option> <option value="engproc" > Engineering Proceedings </option> <option value="entropy" > Entropy </option> <option value="environsciproc" > Environmental Sciences Proceedings </option> <option value="environments" > Environments </option> <option value="epidemiologia" > Epidemiologia </option> <option value="epigenomes" > Epigenomes </option> <option value="ebj" > European Burn Journal (EBJ) </option> <option value="ejihpe" > European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE) </option> <option value="fermentation" > Fermentation </option> <option value="fibers" > Fibers </option> <option value="fintech" > FinTech </option> <option value="fire" > Fire </option> <option value="fishes" > Fishes </option> <option value="fluids" > Fluids </option> <option value="foods" > Foods </option> <option value="forecasting" > Forecasting </option> <option value="forensicsci" > Forensic Sciences </option> <option value="forests" > Forests </option> <option value="fossstud" > Fossil Studies </option> <option value="foundations" > Foundations </option> <option value="fractalfract" > Fractal and Fractional (Fractal Fract) </option> <option value="fuels" > Fuels </option> <option value="future" > Future </option> <option value="futureinternet" > Future Internet </option> <option value="futurepharmacol" > Future Pharmacology </option> <option value="futuretransp" > Future Transportation </option> <option value="galaxies" > Galaxies </option> <option value="games" > Games </option> <option value="gases" > Gases </option> <option value="gastroent" > Gastroenterology Insights </option> <option value="gastrointestdisord" > Gastrointestinal Disorders </option> <option value="gastronomy" > Gastronomy </option> <option value="gels" > Gels </option> <option value="genealogy" > Genealogy </option> <option value="genes" > Genes </option> <option value="geographies" > Geographies </option> <option value="geohazards" > GeoHazards </option> <option value="geomatics" > Geomatics </option> <option value="geometry" > Geometry </option> <option value="geosciences" > Geosciences </option> <option value="geotechnics" > Geotechnics </option> <option value="geriatrics" > Geriatrics </option> <option value="glacies" > Glacies </option> <option value="gucdd" > Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease (GUCDD) </option> <option value="grasses" > Grasses </option> <option value="hardware" > Hardware </option> <option value="healthcare" > Healthcare </option> <option value="hearts" > Hearts </option> <option value="hemato" > Hemato </option> <option value="hematolrep" > Hematology Reports </option> <option value="heritage" > Heritage </option> <option value="histories" > Histories </option> <option value="horticulturae" > Horticulturae </option> <option value="hospitals" > Hospitals </option> <option value="humanities" > Humanities </option> <option value="humans" > Humans </option> <option value="hydrobiology" > Hydrobiology </option> <option value="hydrogen" > Hydrogen </option> <option value="hydrology" > Hydrology </option> <option value="hygiene" > Hygiene </option> <option value="immuno" > Immuno </option> <option value="idr" > Infectious Disease Reports </option> <option value="informatics" > Informatics </option> <option value="information" > Information </option> <option value="infrastructures" > Infrastructures </option> <option value="inorganics" > Inorganics </option> <option value="insects" > Insects </option> <option value="instruments" > Instruments </option> <option value="iic" > Intelligent Infrastructure and Construction </option> <option value="ijerph" > International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) </option> <option value="ijfs" > International Journal of Financial Studies (IJFS) </option> <option value="ijms" > International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) </option> <option value="IJNS" > International Journal of Neonatal Screening (IJNS) </option> <option value="ijpb" > International Journal of Plant Biology (IJPB) </option> <option value="ijt" > International Journal of Topology 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Compos. Sci.) </option> <option value="jcp" > Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy (JCP) </option> <option value="jdad" > Journal of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease (JDAD) </option> <option value="jdb" > Journal of Developmental Biology (JDB) </option> <option value="jeta" > Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses (JETA) </option> <option value="jfb" > Journal of Functional Biomaterials (JFB) </option> <option value="jfmk" > Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (JFMK) </option> <option value="jof" > Journal of Fungi (JoF) </option> <option value="jimaging" > Journal of Imaging (J. Imaging) </option> <option value="jintelligence" > Journal of Intelligence (J. Intell.) </option> <option value="jlpea" > Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications (JLPEA) </option> <option value="jmmp" > Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing (JMMP) </option> <option value="jmse" > Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (JMSE) </option> <option value="jmahp" > Journal of Market Access & Health Policy (JMAHP) </option> <option value="jmp" > Journal of Molecular Pathology (JMP) </option> <option value="jnt" > Journal of Nanotheranostics (JNT) </option> <option value="jne" > Journal of Nuclear Engineering (JNE) </option> <option value="ohbm" > Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine (JOHBM) </option> <option value="jop" > Journal of Parks </option> <option value="jpm" > Journal of Personalized Medicine (JPM) </option> <option value="jpbi" > Journal of Pharmaceutical and BioTech Industry (JPBI) </option> <option value="jor" > Journal of Respiration (JoR) </option> <option value="jrfm" > Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM) </option> <option value="jsan" > Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks (JSAN) </option> <option value="joma" > Journal of the Oman Medical Association (JOMA) </option> <option value="jtaer" > Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research (JTAER) </option> <option value="jvd" > Journal of Vascular Diseases (JVD) </option> <option value="jox" > Journal of Xenobiotics (JoX) </option> <option value="jzbg" > Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens (JZBG) </option> <option value="journalmedia" > Journalism and Media </option> <option value="kidneydial" > Kidney and Dialysis </option> <option value="kinasesphosphatases" > Kinases and Phosphatases </option> <option value="knowledge" > Knowledge </option> <option value="labmed" > LabMed </option> <option value="laboratories" > Laboratories </option> <option value="land" > Land </option> <option value="languages" > Languages </option> <option value="laws" > Laws </option> <option value="life" > Life 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Med.) </option> <option value="resources" > Resources </option> <option value="rheumato" > Rheumato </option> <option value="risks" > Risks </option> <option value="robotics" > Robotics </option> <option value="ruminants" > Ruminants </option> <option value="safety" > Safety </option> <option value="sci" > Sci </option> <option value="scipharm" > Scientia Pharmaceutica (Sci. Pharm.) </option> <option value="sclerosis" > Sclerosis </option> <option value="seeds" > Seeds </option> <option value="sensors" > Sensors </option> <option value="separations" > Separations </option> <option value="sexes" > Sexes </option> <option value="signals" > Signals </option> <option value="sinusitis" > Sinusitis </option> <option value="smartcities" > Smart Cities </option> <option value="socsci" > Social Sciences </option> <option value="siuj" > Société Internationale d’Urologie Journal (SIUJ) </option> <option value="societies" > Societies </option> <option value="software" > Software </option> <option value="soilsystems" > Soil Systems </option> <option value="solar" > Solar </option> <option value="solids" > Solids </option> <option value="spectroscj" > Spectroscopy Journal </option> <option value="sports" > Sports </option> <option value="standards" > Standards </option> <option value="stats" > Stats </option> <option value="stresses" > Stresses </option> <option value="surfaces" > Surfaces </option> <option value="surgeries" > Surgeries </option> <option value="std" > Surgical Techniques Development </option> <option value="sustainability" > Sustainability </option> <option value="suschem" > Sustainable Chemistry </option> <option value="symmetry" > Symmetry </option> <option value="synbio" > SynBio </option> <option value="systems" > Systems </option> <option value="targets" > Targets </option> <option value="taxonomy" > Taxonomy </option> <option value="technologies" > Technologies </option> <option value="telecom" > Telecom </option> <option value="textiles" > Textiles </option> <option value="thalassrep" > Thalassemia Reports </option> <option value="therapeutics" > Therapeutics </option> <option value="thermo" > Thermo </option> <option value="timespace" > Time and Space </option> <option value="tomography" > Tomography </option> <option value="tourismhosp" > Tourism and Hospitality </option> <option value="toxics" > Toxics </option> 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value="women" > Women </option> <option value="world" > World </option> <option value="wevj" > World Electric Vehicle Journal (WEVJ) </option> <option value="youth" > Youth </option> <option value="zoonoticdis" > Zoonotic Diseases </option> </select> </div> <div class="large-2 medium-2 small-6 columns "> <div class=""> <div class="search-input-label">Article Type</div> </div> <select id="article_type" tabindex="4" name="article_type" class="chosen-select"> <option value="">All Article Types</option> <option value="research-article">Article</option> <option value="review-article">Review</option> <option value="rapid-communication">Communication</option> <option value="editorial">Editorial</option> <option value="abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="book-review">Book Review</option> <option value="brief-communication">Brief Communication</option> <option value="brief-report">Brief Report</option> <option value="case-report">Case Report</option> <option 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data-filterid="refine_subjects_environment"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Environmental & Earth Sciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_subjects_chem-materials"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Chemistry & Materials Science </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_subjects_engineering"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Engineering </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_subjects_bio-life"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Biology & Life Sciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_subjects_physics-astronomy"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Physical Sciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_subjects_computer-math"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Computer Science & Mathematics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_subjects_health"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Public Health & Healthcare </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_subjects_med-pharma"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Medicine & Pharmacology </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_subjects_business-econ"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Business & Economics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_subjects_arts-humanity"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities </label> </div/> </div> <div class="filter-actions-container filter-actions-container--filled filter-actions-container--hidden"> <a class="js-refine-filter" data-reveal-id="refine-modal-subjects" data-filter="subjects"><strong>Add Subjects</strong></a> <a href="#" class="remove-refines link--red right" data-refineid="subjects"><strong>Reset</strong></a> </div> <div class="filter-actions-container 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style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_subjects" id="refine_subjects_med-pharma" value="med-pharma"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_subjects_med-pharma">Medicine & Pharmacology (214)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="business & economics" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_subjects" id="refine_subjects_business-econ" value="business-econ"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_subjects_business-econ">Business & Economics (142)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="social sciences, arts and humanities" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_subjects" id="refine_subjects_arts-humanity" value="arts-humanity"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_subjects_arts-humanity">Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities (121)</label> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="small-12 columns"> <a class="button button--color js-filter-close" data-itemid="subjects" onclick="$('#refine-modal-subjects').foundation('reveal', 'close'); return false;">Add to Filter</a> <a class="button button--grey" onclick="$(this).closest('.reveal-modal').find('.close-reveal-modal').click(); return false;">Cancel</a> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="subjects" id="refine_subjects_field"> <a class="close-reveal-modal" aria-label="Close"> <i class="material-icons">clear</i> </a> </div></div> <div class="generic-item refind-item-wrap filter-container filter-container-journals" style=""> <h3>Journals</h3> <div class="js-refinement-selections-container"> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_sustainability"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Sustainability </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_entropy"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Entropy </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_water"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Water </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_applsci"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Applied Sciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_ijerph"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> IJERPH </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_energies"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Energies </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_materials"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Materials </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_remotesensing"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Remote Sensing </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_sensors"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Sensors </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_nutrients"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Nutrients </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_mathematics"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Mathematics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_symmetry"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Symmetry </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_molecules"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Molecules </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_atmosphere"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Atmosphere </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_forests"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Forests </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_processes"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Processes </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_foods"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Foods </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_agronomy"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Agronomy </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_animals"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Animals </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_ijms"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> IJMS </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jcm"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> JCM </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_agriculture"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Agriculture </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_land"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Land </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_plants"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Plants </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_metals"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Metals </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_ijgi"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> IJGI </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_polymers"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Polymers </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_buildings"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Buildings </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_proceedings"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Proceedings </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_medicina"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Medicina </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_diagnostics"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Diagnostics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_microorganisms"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Microorganisms </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_electronics"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Electronics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_dentistry"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Dentistry Journal </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_genes"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Genes </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jmse"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> JMSE </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_photonics"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Photonics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_insects"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Insects </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_biomolecules"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Biomolecules </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_climate"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Climate </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_aerospace"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Aerospace </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_children"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Children </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_fluids"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Fluids </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_micromachines"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Micromachines </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_crystals"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Crystals </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_minerals"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Minerals </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_antibiotics"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Antibiotics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_healthcare"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Healthcare </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_risks"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Risks </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_hydrology"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Hydrology </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_engproc"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Engineering Proceedings </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_metrology"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Metrology </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_toxins"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Toxins </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_axioms"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Axioms </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_life"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Life </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_lubricants"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Lubricants </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jpm"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> JPM </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_geosciences"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Geosciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_nanomaterials"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Nanomaterials </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_coatings"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Coatings </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_metabolites"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Metabolites </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_universe"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Universe </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_biomedicines"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Biomedicines </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_toxics"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Toxics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_bioengineering"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Bioengineering </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jrfm"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> JRFM </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_foundations"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Foundations </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_psf"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Physical Sciences Forum </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_marinedrugs"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Marine Drugs </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_pharmaceutics"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Pharmaceutics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_futureinternet"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Future Internet </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_cancers"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Cancers </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_cells"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Cells </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_sports"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Sports </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_antioxidants"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Antioxidants </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_brainsci"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Brain Sciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jintelligence"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> J. Intell. </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_resources"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Resources </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_econometrics"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Econometrics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_economies"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Economies </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jcdd"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> JCDD </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jof"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> JoF </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_horticulturae"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Horticulturae </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_mps"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> MPs </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_condensedmatter"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Condensed Matter </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_tropicalmed"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> TropicalMed </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jcs"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> J. Compos. Sci. </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_fractalfract"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Fractal Fract </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_stats"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Stats </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_asi"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> ASI </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_applmech"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Applied Mechanics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_wevj"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> WEVJ </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_oceans"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Oceans </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_earth"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Earth </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_environsciproc"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Environmental Sciences Proceedings </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_limnolrev"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Limnological Review </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_viruses"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Viruses </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_algorithms"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Algorithms </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_diversity"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Diversity </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_pharmaceuticals"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Pharmaceuticals </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_catalysts"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Catalysts </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_information"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Information </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_galaxies"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Galaxies </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_humanities"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Humanities </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_socsci"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Social Sciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_vaccines"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Vaccines </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_behavsci"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Behavioral Sciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_environments"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Environments </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_education"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Education Sciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_religions"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Religions </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jfb"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> JFB </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_biology"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Biology </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_computation"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Computation </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_diseases"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Diseases </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_fibers"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Fibers </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_systems"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Systems </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_pharmacy"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Pharmacy </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_technologies"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Technologies </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_informatics"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Informatics </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_beverages"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Beverages </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_data"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Data </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_vetsci"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Veterinary Sciences </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_fermentation"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Fermentation </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_magnetochemistry"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Magnetochemistry </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_batteries"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Batteries </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_journals_jimaging"> <i 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id="refine_journals_pediatrrep" value="pediatrrep"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_journals_pediatrrep">Pediatric Reports (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="appliedchem" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_journals" id="refine_journals_appliedchem" value="appliedchem"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_journals_appliedchem">AppliedChem (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="microplastics" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_journals" id="refine_journals_microplastics" value="microplastics"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_journals_microplastics">Microplastics (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="wind" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_journals" id="refine_journals_wind" value="wind"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_journals_wind">Wind (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="appliedmath" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_journals" id="refine_journals_appliedmath" value="appliedmath"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_journals_appliedmath">AppliedMath (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="analytics" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_journals" id="refine_journals_analytics" value="analytics"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_journals_analytics">Analytics (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="air" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_journals" id="refine_journals_air" value="air"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_journals_air">Air (1)</label> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="small-12 columns"> <a class="button button--color js-filter-close" data-itemid="journals" onclick="$('#refine-modal-journals').foundation('reveal', 'close'); return false;">Add to Filter</a> <a class="button button--grey" onclick="$(this).closest('.reveal-modal').find('.close-reveal-modal').click(); return false;">Cancel</a> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="journals" id="refine_journals_field"> <a class="close-reveal-modal" aria-label="Close"> <i class="material-icons">clear</i> </a> </div></div> <div class="generic-item refind-item-wrap filter-container filter-container-article_types" style=""> <h3>Article Types</h3> <div class="js-refinement-selections-container"> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_research-article"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Article </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_review-article"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Review </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_proceedings"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Proceeding Paper </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_rapid-communication"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Communication </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_systematic_review"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Systematic Review </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_abstract"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Abstract </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_case-report"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Case Report </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_editorial"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Editorial </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_brief-report"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Brief Report </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_opinion"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Opinion </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_technical-note"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Technical Note </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_perspective"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Perspective </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_protocol"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Protocol </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_article_types_study-protocol"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Study Protocol </label> </div/> </div> <div class="filter-actions-container filter-actions-container--filled filter-actions-container--hidden"> <a class="js-refine-filter" data-reveal-id="refine-modal-article_types" data-filter="article_types"><strong>Add Article Types</strong></a> <a href="#" class="remove-refines link--red right" data-refineid="article_types"><strong>Reset</strong></a> </div> <div class="filter-actions-container filter-actions-container--empty "> <a class="button button--color button--full-width js-refine-filter" href="#" data-reveal-id="refine-modal-article_types" data-filter="article_types" class="all">Select Article Types</a> </div> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div id="refine-modal-article_types" class="reveal-modal reveal-modal-new" data-reveal aria-labelledby="modalTitle" aria-hidden="true" role="dialog"> <div class="row"> <div class="small-12 columns"> <h2>Filter Article Types</h2> <input class="js-filter" type="text" form="temp" placeholder="Search for Article Types" style="width: 100%; max-width: 300px;" /> <p class="reveal-modal-new__description"> Select article types you want to add to your filter. </p> </div> <div class="js-refinement-values-container"> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="article" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_research-article" value="research-article"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_research-article">Article (1023)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="review" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_review-article" value="review-article"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_review-article">Review (50)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="proceeding paper" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_proceedings" value="proceedings"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_proceedings">Proceeding Paper (16)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="communication" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_rapid-communication" value="rapid-communication"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_rapid-communication">Communication (9)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="systematic review" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_systematic_review" value="systematic_review"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_systematic_review">Systematic Review (6)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="abstract" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_abstract" value="abstract"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_abstract">Abstract (2)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="case report" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_case-report" value="case-report"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_case-report">Case Report (2)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="editorial" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_editorial" value="editorial"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_editorial">Editorial (2)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="brief report" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_brief-report" value="brief-report"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_brief-report">Brief Report (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="opinion" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_opinion" value="opinion"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_opinion">Opinion (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="technical note" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_technical-note" value="technical-note"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_technical-note">Technical Note (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="perspective" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_perspective" value="perspective"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_perspective">Perspective (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="protocol" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_protocol" value="protocol"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_protocol">Protocol (1)</label> </div> </div> <div class="large-6 medium-6 small-12 columns end js-data-filter" data-filter="study protocol" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0;" > <div> <input type="checkbox" class="refine_checkbox refine_article_types" id="refine_article_types_study-protocol" value="study-protocol"> <label class="search_refine_label" style="margin-bottom: 10px;" for="refine_article_types_study-protocol">Study Protocol (1)</label> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="small-12 columns"> <a class="button button--color js-filter-close" data-itemid="article_types" onclick="$('#refine-modal-article_types').foundation('reveal', 'close'); return false;">Add to Filter</a> <a class="button button--grey" onclick="$(this).closest('.reveal-modal').find('.close-reveal-modal').click(); return false;">Cancel</a> </div> </div> <input type="hidden" name="article_types" id="refine_article_types_field"> <a class="close-reveal-modal" aria-label="Close"> <i class="material-icons">clear</i> </a> </div></div> <div class="generic-item refind-item-wrap filter-container filter-container-countries" style=""> <h3>Countries / Regions</h3> <div class="js-refinement-selections-container"> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_CHINA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> China </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_UNITED_STATES"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> USA </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_ITALY"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Italy </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_GERMANY"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Germany </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_POLAND"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Poland </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SPAIN"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Spain </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SAUDI_ARABIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Saudi Arabia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_UNITED_KINGDOM"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> UK </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_KOREA_REPUBLIC_OF"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Republic of Korea </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_FRANCE"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> France </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_GREECE"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Greece </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_CANADA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Canada </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_ROMANIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Romania </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_AUSTRALIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Australia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_BRAZIL"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Brazil </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_INDIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> India </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_RUSSIAN_FEDERATION"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Russia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_JAPAN"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Japan </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_TAIWAN"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Taiwan </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_PAKISTAN"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Pakistan </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_TURKEY"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Turkey (Türkiye) </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_EGYPT"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Egypt </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_PORTUGAL"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Portugal </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_CZECH_REPUBLIC"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Czech Republic </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_HUNGARY"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Hungary </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SOUTH_AFRICA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> South Africa </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SLOVAKIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Slovakia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SWEDEN"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Sweden </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MEXICO"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Mexico </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_IRAN_ISLAMIC_REPUBLIC_OF"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Iran </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_COLOMBIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Colombia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_NETHERLANDS"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> The Netherlands </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_AUSTRIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Austria </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_CROATIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Croatia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_ISRAEL"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Israel </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_NIGERIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Nigeria </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_BELGIUM"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Belgium </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_NORWAY"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Norway </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SWITZERLAND"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Switzerland </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_FINLAND"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Finland </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MOROCCO"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Morocco </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_THAILAND"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Thailand </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SERBIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Serbia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_CHILE"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Chile </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_LATVIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Latvia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_LITHUANIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Lithuania </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_ARGENTINA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Argentina </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_ECUADOR"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Ecuador </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_INDONESIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Indonesia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SINGAPORE"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Singapore </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SLOVENIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Slovenia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_UKRAINE"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Ukraine </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_ALGERIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Algeria </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MALAYSIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Malaysia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_BULGARIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Bulgaria </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_DENMARK"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Denmark </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_IRAQ"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Iraq </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_IRELAND"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Ireland </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_NEW_ZEALAND"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> New Zealand </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_VIETNAM"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Vietnam </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_BANGLADESH"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Bangladesh </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_KENYA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Kenya </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_KUWAIT"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Kuwait </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_TANZANIA_UNITED_REPUBLIC_OF"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Tanzania </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_UNITED_ARAB_EMIRATES"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> United Arab Emirates </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_URUGUAY"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Uruguay </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_NORTH_MACEDONIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> North Macedonia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_CUBA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Cuba </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_ETHIOPIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Ethiopia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_GHANA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Ghana </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_JORDAN"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Jordan </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_LEBANON"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Lebanon </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_NEPAL"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Nepal </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_PERU"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Peru </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_UGANDA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Uganda </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_VENEZUELA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Venezuela </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_YEMEN"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Yemen </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_BOTSWANA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Botswana </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_BURUNDI"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Burundi </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_CAMBODIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Cambodia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_DOMINICAN_REPUBLIC"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Dominican Republic </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_ESTONIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Estonia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_HONDURAS"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Honduras </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_HONG_KONG"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Hong Kong </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_KAZAKHSTAN"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Kazakhstan </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MADAGASCAR"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Madagascar </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MALTA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Malta </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MAURITANIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Mauritania </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MOLDOVA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Moldova </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MONACO"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Monaco </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MONGOLIA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Mongolia </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_MOZAMBIQUE"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Mozambique </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container 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class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SAO_TOME_AND_PRINCIPE"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Sao Tome and Principe </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SRI_LANKA"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Sri Lanka </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_SUDAN"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> <label> Sudan </label> </div/> <div class="remove-filter-container remove-filter-container--hidden"> <a href="#" class="remove-filter-link link--red " data-filterid="refine_countries_VANUATU"> <i class="material-icons">remove_circle_outline</i> </a> 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'close'); return false;">Ok</a> </div> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal" aria-label="Close"> <i class="material-icons">clear</i> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="jscroll"> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1532472" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 842 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4126/pdf?version=1732864436" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Food Choices of Contemporary Cuisine and Traditional Foods: Effects on Family Ties" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/4126">Food Choices of Contemporary Cuisine and Traditional Foods: Effects on Family Ties</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bushra Yasmeen</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Florian Fischer</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4126; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234126">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234126</a> - 28 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 240 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background:</b> Technological advancement has evolved dynamics in the pace of day-to-day life. Economic and social development has introduced new meanings at individual and societal levels. Modernity and development have transformed the social fabric and relationships. Social media has instigated a tremendous multifaceted transformation <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4126/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background:</b> Technological advancement has evolved dynamics in the pace of day-to-day life. Economic and social development has introduced new meanings at individual and societal levels. Modernity and development have transformed the social fabric and relationships. Social media has instigated a tremendous multifaceted transformation in lifestyle. An increase in disposable income from prepared food, especially contemporary cuisines, has evolved diversified changes in consumers’ behavior. These changes include trends, perceptions, consumption patterns, and modes of fast food (quality, quantity, tastes), including delivery systems, among all age groups and genders. This study investigated the factors that influence food choices towards contemporary cuisine, the influence of contemporary cuisine food choice on homemade/traditional foods, and how food choices of contemporary cuisines affect family ties. <b>Methods:</b> In this exploratory study, a cross-sectional quantitative survey research method was used to obtain the insights of youths. A systematic random sampling procedure was adopted. We recruited at a public sector university of Lahore, namely, the Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab. The sample size was 260. We used modified versions of the Food Frequency Questionnaire and the Food Choice Questionnaire to assess the food choices of contemporary cuisine, homemade/traditional food, and family ties. The Cronbach’s coefficient alpha level varied from 0.62 to 0.85 among scales. We performed descriptive and inferential statistics (factor analysis and multivariate regression analysis) by using SPSS 23. <b>Results:</b> Age and education showed a significant relationship with traditional food. Taste was the only factor identified for food choices of contemporary cuisine. Traditional food and family ties were the factors identified in the analysis. <b>Conclusions:</b> Food choices of contemporary cuisines were found to be just for good taste and fun. Homemade food regulates the traditions of traditional food. Cooking and dinning together not only maintained the food choices but also encourage and motivate the connectedness and closeness that strengthen family ties. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4126">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Public_Health">Nutrition and Public Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4126/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1532472"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1532472"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1532472" data-cycle-prev="#prev1532472" data-cycle-progressive="#images1532472" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1532472-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04126/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04126-g001-550.jpg?1732864543" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1532472" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1532472-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04126/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04126-g002-550.jpg?1732864547'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1532472-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04126/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04126-g001-550.jpg?1732864543" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Representation of structuration theory: modalities linking social structures with social interaction (adapted from [<a href="#B19-nutrients-16-04126" class="html-bibr">19</a>]).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4126'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04126/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04126-g002-550.jpg?1732864547" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Scree plot.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4126'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1530295" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 5013 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4064/pdf?version=1732781217" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Development and Validation of a Self-Administered Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire Focused on Gut Microbiota: The Stance4Health-FFQ" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/23/4064">Development and Validation of a Self-Administered Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire Focused on Gut Microbiota: The Stance4Health-FFQ</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Annarita Formisano</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marika Dello Russo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Paola Russo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alfonso Siani</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Beatriz Navajas-Porras</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ángela Toledano-Marín</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Silvia Pastoriza</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Telmo Blasco</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alberto Lerma-Aguilera</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>María Pilar Francino</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Francisco Javier Planes</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Verónica González-Vigil</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>José Ángel Rufián-Henares</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fabio Lauria</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 4064; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234064">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16234064</a> - 26 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 414 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Diet significantly influences gut microbiota (GM), with variations in GM responses linked to the type and quantity of food consumed. These variations underscore the need for personalized nutrition. The Stance4Health (S4H) project developed the S4H Food Frequency Questionnaire (S4H-FFQ) and the <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4064/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Diet significantly influences gut microbiota (GM), with variations in GM responses linked to the type and quantity of food consumed. These variations underscore the need for personalized nutrition. The Stance4Health (S4H) project developed the S4H Food Frequency Questionnaire (S4H-FFQ) and the i-Diet S4H app to assess dietary intake of foods affecting GM. This study aimed to validate the S4H-FFQ against the validated I.Family-FFQ and the i-Diet S4H app; <b>Methods:</b> The S4H-FFQ, with 200 food items across 14 food groups, evaluates dietary intake over the past month. Qualitative validation compared food group consumption frequencies from the S4H-FFQ and the I.Family-FFQ, while quantitative validation assessed nutrient and energy intake using the i-Diet S4H app. The S4H-GM score, a measure of GM-relevant food consumption, was evaluated through the S4H-FFQ and i-Diet S4H app; <b>Results</b>: Pearson correlations between the S4H-FFQ and the I.Family-FFQ ranged from 0.3 to 0.7 and were statistically significant across all the food groups. Quantitative validation showed lower but consistent correlations, comparable with other studies, confirming the S4H-FFQ’s ability to estimate food intake. A positive correlation was also found between the S4H-GM scores from the S4H-FFQ and the i-Diet S4H app (<i>p</i> < 0.001); <b>Conclusions</b>: The S4H-FFQ is a reliable tool for assessing dietary patterns that influence GM. Its application in nutritional studies can enhance personalized nutrition and support future research aimed at optimizing GM and improving health outcomes. <a href="/2072-6643/16/23/4064">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/1I3YJ7053C ">Diet–Host–Gut Microbiota Interactions and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/23/4064/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1530295"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1530295"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1530295" data-cycle-prev="#prev1530295" data-cycle-progressive="#images1530295" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1530295-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-ag-550.jpg?1732781346" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1530295" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1530295-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g001-550.jpg?1732781337'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1530295-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g002-550.jpg?1732781341'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1530295-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g003-550.jpg?1732781344'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1530295-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g004-550.jpg?1732781345'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1530295-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g005-550.jpg?1732781346'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1530295-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-ag-550.jpg?1732781346" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4064'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g001-550.jpg?1732781337" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow chart of questionnaires included in final analysis.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4064'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g002-550.jpg?1732781341" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Bland–Altman plots between the S4H-FFQ and I.Family-FFQ for different food groups’ frequency consumption. The blue line represents the regression line of proportional bias, while the black line represents the mean (constant bias), and the dashed lines indicate 95% confidence intervals.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4064'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g003-550.jpg?1732781344" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Bland–Altman plots between the S4H-FFQ and i-Diet S4H app for energy and nutrients. The blue line represents the regression line of proportional bias, while the black line represents the mean (constant bias), and the dashed lines indicate 95% confidence intervals.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4064'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g004-550.jpg?1732781345" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Correlation between the S4H-GM score calculated by the S4H-FFQ and the i-Diet S4H app.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4064'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-04064/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-04064-g005-550.jpg?1732781346" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Correlation between the S4H-GM scores of individual items from the i-Diet S4H app and those from the S4H-FFQ grouped into corresponding food groups. Diamonds indicate <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/23/4064'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1527661" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 21 pages, 478 KiB   </span> <a href="/1099-4300/26/12/1011/pdf?version=1732870759" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Exploring the Thermodynamic Uncertainty Constant: Insights from a Quasi-Ideal Nano-Gas Model" data-journal="entropy"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1099-4300/26/12/1011">Exploring the Thermodynamic Uncertainty Constant: Insights from a Quasi-Ideal Nano-Gas Model</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giorgio Sonnino</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Entropy</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>26</em>(12), 1011; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/e26121011">https://doi.org/10.3390/e26121011</a> - 23 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 258 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In previous work, we investigated thermodynamic processes in systems at the mesoscopic level where traditional thermodynamic descriptions (macroscopic or microscopic) may not be fully adequate. The key result is that entropy in such systems does not change continuously, as in macroscopic systems, but <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/12/1011/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In previous work, we investigated thermodynamic processes in systems at the mesoscopic level where traditional thermodynamic descriptions (macroscopic or microscopic) may not be fully adequate. The key result is that entropy in such systems does not change continuously, as in macroscopic systems, but rather in discrete steps characterized by the quantization constant <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>. This quantization reflects the underlying discrete nature of the collision process in low-dimensional systems and the essential role played by thermodynamic fluctuations at this scale. Thermodynamic variables conjugate to the forces, along with Glansdorff–Prigogine’s dissipative variable can be discretized, enabling a mesoscopic-scale formulation of canonical commutation rules (CCRs). In this framework, measurements correspond to determining the eigenvalues of operators associated with key thermodynamic quantities. This work investigates the quantization parameter <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> in the CCRs using a nano-gas model analyzed through classical statistical physics. Our findings suggest that <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> is not an unknown fundamental constant. Instead, it emerges as the minimum achievable value derived from optimizing the uncertainty relation within the framework of our model. The expression for <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>β</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> is determined in terms of the ratio <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>χ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>, which provides a dimensionless number that reflects the relative scales of volume and mass between entities at the Bohr (atomic level) and the molecular scales. This latter parameter quantifies the relative influence of quantum effects versus classical dynamics in a given scattering process. <a href="/1099-4300/26/12/1011">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/entropy/special_issues/4BAM6VCY2L ">200 Years Anniversary of “Sadi Carnot, Réflexions Sur La Puissance Motrice Du Feu”; Bachelier: Paris, France, 1824</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/26/12/1011/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1527661"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1527661"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1527661" data-cycle-prev="#prev1527661" data-cycle-progressive="#images1527661" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1527661-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/entropy/entropy-26-01011/article_deploy/html/images/entropy-26-01011-g001-550.jpg?1732870954" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1527661" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1527661-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/entropy/entropy-26-01011/article_deploy/html/images/entropy-26-01011-g002-550.jpg?1732870954'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1527661-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/entropy/entropy-26-01011/article_deploy/html/images/entropy-26-01011-g001-550.jpg?1732870954" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p><span class="html-italic">The Thermodynamic Space</span>. The space is spanned by the thermodynamic forces, the metric tensor is identified with the symmetric piece of the transport coefficients, and the expression of the affine connection is determined by the <span class="html-italic">Universal Criterion of Evolution</span>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1099-4300/26/12/1011'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/entropy/entropy-26-01011/article_deploy/html/images/entropy-26-01011-g002-550.jpg?1732870954" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Collision of two molecules in a quasi-ideal nano-gas. The impact parameter <span class="html-italic">b</span> represents the distance between the centers of the two molecules. In our heuristic model, we consider the molecules to be identical and spherical. The model posits that when <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>B</mi> </msub> </mrow> </semantics></math>, the two molecules collide and are influenced by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. This limit is achieved when the distance between the molecules is <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>N</mi> </msub> </mrow> </semantics></math>, corresponding to the close packing fraction for spheres (i.e., <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>π</mi> <mo>/</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <msqrt> <mn>2</mn> </msqrt> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mi>M</mi> <mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </semantics></math>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1099-4300/26/12/1011'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1526517" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 1627 KiB   </span> <a href="/2304-8158/13/23/3730/pdf?version=1732290062" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Impact of Cooking Duration on Calcium Oxalate Needle-like Crystals in Plants: A Case Study of Vegetable Taro Flowers in Yunnan" data-journal="foods"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2304-8158/13/23/3730">Impact of Cooking Duration on Calcium Oxalate Needle-like Crystals in Plants: A Case Study of Vegetable Taro Flowers in Yunnan</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Haoyu Zi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rui Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nan Jia</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuxuan Ma</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chunchang Zhao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhe Chen</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jingwei Zhang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Foods</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>13</em>(23), 3730; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233730">https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13233730</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 469 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> As a popular vegetable in Yunnan Province, China, taro flowers are delicious but contain substances that can cause numbing and mucous membrane damage. Prolonged high-temperature cooking is used by locals to mitigate these effects, though its mechanisms were previously unexplored. This study confirms <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/23/3730/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> As a popular vegetable in Yunnan Province, China, taro flowers are delicious but contain substances that can cause numbing and mucous membrane damage. Prolonged high-temperature cooking is used by locals to mitigate these effects, though its mechanisms were previously unexplored. This study confirms the presence of needle-like calcium oxalate crystals in taro flowers and shows that prolonged steaming reduces their quantity, size, and sharpness, making them safer to eat. Microscopic observations revealed numerous sharp-tipped (~50 μm) calcium oxalate crystals in fresh taro flowers. After 2 h of steam heating, there were significantly fewer (~80% reduction) and smaller crystals (~70% reduction). Ion chromatography showed no significant change (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in calcium oxalate content (remaining ~2.5% of dry weight) after heating. Higher temperatures increase calcium oxalate solubility, causing gradual dissolution and the likely formation of small irregular structures, thus reducing the numbing effect. Prolonged cooking could be applied to other plant-based foods and medicines rich in these crystals. By analyzing statistics related to taro and taro flowers, the estimated potential economic benefits of commercializing taro flowers were USD 2.58–12.92 billion annually, potentially improving food security, creating jobs, and promoting development across regions where taro is largely cultivated in the Global South. <a href="/2304-8158/13/23/3730">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/foods/sections/plant_foods">Plant Foods</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/13/23/3730/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1526517"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1526517"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1526517" data-cycle-prev="#prev1526517" data-cycle-progressive="#images1526517" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1526517-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g001-550.jpg?1732290155" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1526517" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1526517-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g002-550.jpg?1732290156'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1526517-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g003-550.jpg?1732290160'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1526517-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g004-550.jpg?1732290161'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1526517-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g005-550.jpg?1732290163'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1526517-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g001-550.jpg?1732290155" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Global taro yield distribution by country (tons) in the year 2022, and the statistics of annual taro yield (ton), yield per hectare (tons ha<sup>−1</sup>), and plant area (hectares, ha) during 2010–2022. The red dot (102.84°E, 24.87°N) denotes the experiment site in this study at Kunming city, Yunnan province, China. Unit conversion explanation: 1 hectare = 100 × 100 m<sup>2</sup> = 1 × 104 m<sup>2</sup> = 0.01 Km<sup>2</sup>, 1 ton = 1000 Kg = 103 Kg, 1 ton ha<sup>−1</sup> = 1 × 105 Kg Km<sup>2</sup>. The overlapping in the figure do not affect reading.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3730'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g002-550.jpg?1732290156" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The appearance of flowing taro (<span class="html-italic">Colocasia esculenta</span>), including the leaf blade, petiole, corm, and flower, as well as a dish of cooked taro flowers with eggplant and chili in the low left corner (<b>a</b>); the taro flowers used in this study, purchased from a nearby market (<b>b</b>); appearance of steamed taro flower (<b>c</b>); taro flower drying process to obtain the dry weight for each sample by using a hot wind oven (65 °C) (<b>d</b>); twenty-four samples collected for subsequent ion determination (<b>e</b>); and experimental operation flowchart for this study (<b>f</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3730'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g003-550.jpg?1732290160" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Observed calcium oxalate needle-like crystals under an optical microscope at four magnifications (10×, 20×, 40×, and 100×, from left to right) and at four heating durations (unheated (fresh), steam heated for 30 min, 60 min, and 120 min, from top to bottom).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3730'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g004-550.jpg?1732290161" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Variations of needle-like calcium oxalate crystals after the addition of HCl (<b>a</b>–<b>f</b>) and AcOH (<b>g</b>,<b>h</b>). The yellow dashed line and the arrows indicate the movement of HCl solutions, while the blue background highlights areas concentrated with needle-like crystals. Each panel includes a timestamp displayed in white text.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3730'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/foods/foods-13-03730/article_deploy/html/images/foods-13-03730-g005-550.jpg?1732290163" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>), potassium ion (K<sup>+</sup>), magnesium ion (Mg<sup>2+</sup>), and ammonium ion (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) concentrations for fresh (0 min) and steamed (30, 60, and 120 min) taro flowers with hydrochloric acid (HCl) or acetic acid (AcOH) treatments (<b>a</b>–<b>d</b>), the calculated calcium oxalate content (in the form of CaC<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O) in taro flowers, obtained through the difference in calcium ion concentrations via panel (<b>a</b>) and Equation (1) (<b>e</b>), and a comparison of previously reported calcium oxalate content in Araceae plants with taro flowers reported by this study (<b>f</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-8158/13/23/3730'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1525974" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 1913 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4441/16/23/3344/pdf?version=1732182427" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Acidogenic Fermentation of Cassava Wastewater: Effect of the Substrate-to-Microorganism Ratio and Temperature on Volatile Fatty Acids Production" data-journal="water"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4441/16/23/3344">Acidogenic Fermentation of Cassava Wastewater: Effect of the Substrate-to-Microorganism Ratio and Temperature on Volatile Fatty Acids Production</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lina Marcela Sanchez-Ledesma</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jenny Alexandra Rodríguez-Victoria</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Howard Ramírez-Malule</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Water</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(23), 3344; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/w16233344">https://doi.org/10.3390/w16233344</a> - 21 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 363 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) through the acidogenic fermentation of wastewater is an emerging technology that requires further research to optimize operational variables for specific substrates. Cassava wastewater, which is a byproduct of the cassava sour starch extraction process, has been <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/23/3344/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) through the acidogenic fermentation of wastewater is an emerging technology that requires further research to optimize operational variables for specific substrates. Cassava wastewater, which is a byproduct of the cassava sour starch extraction process, has been minimally studied regarding its potential for VFA production through acidogenic fermentation. Batch reactors were used to evaluate the effects of the substrate-to-microorganism (S/M) ratio and temperature on VFA production from cassava wastewater. The results showed no statistically significant differences between the evaluated S/M ratios. The maximum total VFA concentration observed was 2214.64 mg of acetic acid (HAc)/L (0.32 gCOD<sub>VFA</sub>/gCOD), which was achieved at a S/M ratio of 4 gCOD/gVS. This concentration was predominantly composed of acetic acid (42.7%), followed by butyric acid (30.1%) and propionic acid (24.6%), with a minor quantity of isovaleric acid (2.6%). The statistical analysis for the temperature variable showed significant differences between the evaluated conditions. The maximum concentration of total VFAs was 2650.19 mgHAc/L (0.45 gCOD<sub>VFA</sub>/gCOD) at 34 ± 1 °C, with acetic (40.9%), butyric (29.8%), and propionic (29.3%) acids as primary metabolites. Cassava wastewater shows promise as a potential substrate for VFA production, warranting evaluation in continuous reactors. <a href="/2073-4441/16/23/3344">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/water/special_issues/546FKCU13B ">Water Reuse and Recycling</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/23/3344/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1525974"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1525974"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1525974" data-cycle-prev="#prev1525974" data-cycle-progressive="#images1525974" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1525974-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g001-550.jpg?1732182596" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1525974" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1525974-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g002-550.jpg?1732182597'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1525974-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g003-550.jpg?1732182598'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1525974-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g004-550.jpg?1732182599'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1525974-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g005-550.jpg?1732182600'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1525974-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g001-550.jpg?1732182596" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Scheme of the unit and experimental procedure adopted in the AF of CWW.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3344'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g002-550.jpg?1732182597" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Production and yield of VFAs by AF of CWW. (<b>a</b>) Effect of the S/M ratio and (<b>b</b>) effect of the temperature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3344'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g003-550.jpg?1732182598" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Final carbohydrate concentration and uptake in AF of CWW. (<b>a</b>) Effect of the S/M ratio and (<b>b</b>) effect of the temperature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3344'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g004-550.jpg?1732182599" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Distribution of VFAs produced in AF of CWW. (<b>a</b>) Effect of the S/M ratio and (<b>b</b>) effect of the temperature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3344'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/water/water-16-03344/article_deploy/html/images/water-16-03344-g005-550.jpg?1732182600" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Variation of pH and bicarbonate alkalinity in AF of CWW. (<b>a</b>) Effect of the S/M ratio and (<b>b</b>) effect of the temperature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4441/16/23/3344'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1525200" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 1545 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4395/14/11/2743/pdf?version=1732103135" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Cultivation Practices Affect Biomass Yield and Quality of “Felina 32”, an Industrial Hemp Variety" data-journal="agronomy"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4395/14/11/2743">Cultivation Practices Affect Biomass Yield and Quality of “Felina 32”, an Industrial Hemp Variety</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kyriakos D. Giannoulis</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dimitrios Bartzialis</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ippolitos Gintsioudis</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nicholaos G. Danalatos</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Agronomy</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>14</em>(11), 2743; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112743">https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112743</a> - 20 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 427 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Hemp is a multipurpose crop that produces high amounts of lignocellulosic biomass. There are few studies dealing with hemp’s biomass production (lignocellulosic and fiber) under cropping strategies such as irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/11/2743/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Hemp is a multipurpose crop that produces high amounts of lignocellulosic biomass. There are few studies dealing with hemp’s biomass production (lignocellulosic and fiber) under cropping strategies such as irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess the effect of irrigation and N-fertilization on the lignocellulosic biomass of one of the most well-known industrial hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) varieties worldwide (Felina 32) under a typical Mediterranean climate. For the purposes of this study, a field experiment was conducted in central Greece (Thessaly region) over the cultivating years 2022 and 2023. We determined the produced biomass dry yield and the dry biomass yield vs. N-uptake relation, as well as quality characteristics for hemp (cv. Felina 32) under three irrigation (I1: 33%, I2: 66%, and I3: 100% ETo) and three N-fertilization levels (N1: 0, N2: 70, and N3: 140 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>). A significant difference in the dry biomass yield was found, ranging between 10–11.2 t ha<sup>−1</sup> using I2 and/or I3 irrigation levels and remaining at 8.6 t ha<sup>−1</sup> with lower irrigation (I1). In terms of fertilization factor, it appeared that in samplings where statistically significant changes were observed, all degrees of fertilization differed from one another, with the N3 treatment exhibiting the highest production (11.4 t ha<sup>−1</sup>). The average protein content varied between 10% in 2023 and 14% in 2023. A linear biomass yield–nutrient uptake relationship was found with high <i>R</i><sup>2</sup>, pointing to a nitrogen use efficiency of 55.15 kg kg<sup>−1</sup>. Thus, it would seem that nitrogen fertilization and irrigation are both crucial factors of industrial hemp cultivation, helping to raise the crop’s overall yield of lignocellulosic biomass. The introduction of hemp into land-use systems necessitates thorough evaluation, as hemp shows considerable potential as a crop that can yield substantial quantities of above-ground biomass (lignocellulosic: stems and fibers). This is especially true in regions where irrigation is possible, and the application of nitrogen fertilizers can further enhance these yields. <a href="/2073-4395/14/11/2743">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/agronomy/special_issues/I093K01YD3 ">Plant Biomass Production and Utilization</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/11/2743/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1525200"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1525200"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1525200" data-cycle-prev="#prev1525200" data-cycle-progressive="#images1525200" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1525200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/agronomy/agronomy-14-02743/article_deploy/html/images/agronomy-14-02743-g001-550.jpg?1732103256" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1525200" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1525200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/agronomy/agronomy-14-02743/article_deploy/html/images/agronomy-14-02743-g002-550.jpg?1732103258'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1525200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/agronomy/agronomy-14-02743/article_deploy/html/images/agronomy-14-02743-g003-550.jpg?1732103260'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1525200-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/agronomy/agronomy-14-02743/article_deploy/html/images/agronomy-14-02743-g004-550.jpg?1732103261'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1525200-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/agronomy/agronomy-14-02743/article_deploy/html/images/agronomy-14-02743-g001-550.jpg?1732103256" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Average ten day air temperature and precipitation of the study site during hemp’s growing period in 2022 and 2023.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4395/14/11/2743'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/agronomy/agronomy-14-02743/article_deploy/html/images/agronomy-14-02743-g002-550.jpg?1732103258" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Mean hemp dry biomass yield (t ha<sup>−1</sup>) for three irrigation levels ((<b>top</b>) graph: I1: 33%, I2: 66%, and I3: 100% ETo), three nitrogen levels ((<b>middle</b>) graph: N1: 0, N2: 70, and N3: 140 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), and interactions ((<b>bottom</b>) graph) at four plant sampling timings (growth stages 55, 65, 79, and 99) in 2022 and 2023. (Different lowercase letters show the statistical difference).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4395/14/11/2743'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/agronomy/agronomy-14-02743/article_deploy/html/images/agronomy-14-02743-g003-550.jpg?1732103260" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Hemp’s dry biomass (%) content of protein, ADF, NDF, and ASH, for three irrigation levels ((<b>left</b>) graphs: I1: 33%, I2: 66%, and I3: 100% ETo), three nitrogen levels ((<b>right</b>) graphs: N1: 0, N2: 70, and N3: 140 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), at four plant sampling timings (growth stages 55, 65, 79, and 99) in 2022 and 2023. Interactions are not presented because there were no statistical differences found. (Different lowercase letters show the statistical difference).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4395/14/11/2743'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/agronomy/agronomy-14-02743/article_deploy/html/images/agronomy-14-02743-g004-550.jpg?1732103261" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>N-uptake (kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) and dry biomass yield (kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) as affected by 3 irrigation (I1, I2, I3) and 3 N-fertilization levels (N1, N2, and N3) at the different growing stages during each growing period ((<b>left</b>) graph) and during both growing periods (2022, 2023; (<b>right</b>) graph).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4395/14/11/2743'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1524613" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 2011 KiB   </span> <a href="/2227-9032/12/22/2312/pdf?version=1732034004" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Demographic and Geographic Characteristics Associated with the Type of Prescription and Drug Expenditure: Real World Evidence for Greece During 2015–2021" data-journal="healthcare"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2227-9032/12/22/2312">Demographic and Geographic Characteristics Associated with the Type of Prescription and Drug Expenditure: Real World Evidence for Greece During 2015–2021</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Georgios Mavridoglou</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nikolaos Polyzos</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Healthcare</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>12</em>(22), 2312; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12222312">https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12222312</a> - 19 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 666 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Aim: Electronic prescribing has allowed for the collection of prescription data in real time in Greece for the first time. Hence, the aim of the current study was to present the characteristics of prescriptions for the Greek population during the period from 2015 <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/22/2312/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Aim: Electronic prescribing has allowed for the collection of prescription data in real time in Greece for the first time. Hence, the aim of the current study was to present the characteristics of prescriptions for the Greek population during the period from 2015 to 2021. Methods: This retrospective study was based on data extracted from the nationwide Greek electronic prescription database between January 2015 and December 2021. Descriptive statistics methods were used for the needs of the study. As the basic figures examined depend on the size of the population, in order for the results to be comparable, we estimated the corresponding measures per inhabitant, using population data from the Greek Statistical Authority. Appropriate indicators for the comparison of consumption and expenditure over time were estimated. A study of the trend was also carried out using time series and linear regression models. In order to facilitate the design and implementation of specialized policies, it is useful to identify the drug categories with the highest consumption and expenditure, as well as the geographical areas that present similar characteristics. For the first, ABC analysis was used, which helps to identify the most popular categories of drugs, while for the second, cluster analysis was carried out. Agglomerative clustering was used to divide the regions into similar groups. This hierarchical clustering algorithm classifies the population into several clusters, with areas in the same cluster being more similar, and areas in different clusters being dissimilar. The Ward linkage method with Euclidean distance was used. Results: The analysis of prescription drug consumption and expenditure from 2015 to 2021 revealed significant fluctuations and trends across various drug categories, age groups, and geographical areas. Notably, the quantity of prescriptions increased by 20% since 2015, while expenditure surged by over 30%, with significant spikes following the end of the MoU in 2019 and the onset of the pandemic in 2020. In terms of expenditure, antineoplastic and immunomodulation agents (category L) held the largest share, driven by the introduction of new, costly drugs. The expenditure per inhabitant revealed gender and age disparities, with older populations, particularly women, incurring higher costs. Geographically, drug expenditure, and consumption varied significantly, with distinct regional clusters identified. These clusters, while showing some overlap in consumption and expenditure patterns, also highlighted unique regional characteristics. Conclusions: The insights into prescription drug consumption and expenditure trends offer a valuable basis for developing targeted interventions aimed at optimizing healthcare resource allocation. Moreover, the findings underscore the importance of addressing regional and demographic disparities in pharmaceutical use, thereby contributing to more equitable and cost-effective healthcare strategies. More specifically, the age distribution of prescriptions shows the increase in younger ages, which, as a result, anticipates the overall increase in prescriptions. The knowledge of the most convex categories of medicine, as well as the percentages of the use of generic drugs, shows where interventions should be made, with financial incentives and information through new information channels. The geographic disparities recorded should lead to policies that help the residents of hard-to-reach areas to access prescriptions. In addition, the present study provides a strategic framework for policymakers and healthcare managers to guide future studies and inform decision-making processes. <a href="/2227-9032/12/22/2312">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/healthcare/special_issues/PA876O0086 ">Efficiency, Innovation, and Sustainability in Healthcare Systems</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/12/22/2312/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1524613"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1524613"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1524613" data-cycle-prev="#prev1524613" data-cycle-progressive="#images1524613" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1524613-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g001-550.jpg?1732034117" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1524613" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1524613-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g002-550.jpg?1732034119'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1524613-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g003-550.jpg?1732034121'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1524613-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g004-550.jpg?1732034125'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1524613-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g0A1-550.jpg?1732034129'><p>Figure A1</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1524613-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g001-550.jpg?1732034117" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Linear trend analysis, (<b>a</b>) volume; (<b>b</b>) expenditure.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2227-9032/12/22/2312'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g002-550.jpg?1732034119" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>ABC analysis; (<b>a</b>) for quantity and (<b>b</b>) expenditure by ATC-1 categories, 2015–2021. (A: alimentary tract and metabolism; B: blood and blood-forming organs; C: cardiovascular system; D: dermatology; G: genito-urinary system and sexual hormones; H: systemic hormonal preparations; J: anti-infectives for systemic use; L: antineoplastic and immunomodulating; M: musculo-skeletal system; N: nervous system; P: antiparasitic products; R: respiratory system; S: sensory organs; V: various).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2227-9032/12/22/2312'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g003-550.jpg?1732034121" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Ratio (expenditure/quantity) per year and ATC-1 category (A: alimentary tract and metabolism; B: blood and blood-forming organs; C: cardiovascular system; D: dermatology; G: genito-urinary system and sexual hormones; H: systemic hormonal preparations; J: anti-infectives for systemic use; L: antineoplastic and immunomodulating; M: musculo-skeletal system; N: nervous system; P: antiparasitic products; R: respiratory system; S: sensory organs; V: various).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2227-9032/12/22/2312'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g004-550.jpg?1732034125" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Consumption and expenditure per capita by sex and age group, as a per cent of mean, 2015–2021.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2227-9032/12/22/2312'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/healthcare/healthcare-12-02312/article_deploy/html/images/healthcare-12-02312-g0A1-550.jpg?1732034129" title=" <strong>Figure A1</strong><br/> <p>Cluster analysis. Dendrograms of regions by (<b>a</b>) quantities and (<b>b</b>) values.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2227-9032/12/22/2312'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1524387" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 2522 KiB   </span> <a href="/2304-6732/11/11/1087/pdf?version=1732024447" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Quantitative Investigation of Layer-by-Layer Deposition and Dissolution Kinetics by New Label-Free Analytics Based on Low-Q-Whispering Gallery Modes" data-journal="photonics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2304-6732/11/11/1087">Quantitative Investigation of Layer-by-Layer Deposition and Dissolution Kinetics by New Label-Free Analytics Based on Low-Q-Whispering Gallery Modes</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mateusz Olszyna</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Algi Domac</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jasmine Zimmer</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lars Dähne</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Photonics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>11</em>(11), 1087; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11111087">https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11111087</a> - 19 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 424 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> A new instrument for label-free measurements based on optical Low-Q Whispering Gallery Modes (WGMs) for various applications is used for a detailed study of the deposition and release of Layer-by-Layer polymer coatings. The two selected coating pairs interact either via hydrogen bonding or <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/11/11/1087/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> A new instrument for label-free measurements based on optical Low-Q Whispering Gallery Modes (WGMs) for various applications is used for a detailed study of the deposition and release of Layer-by-Layer polymer coatings. The two selected coating pairs interact either via hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions. Their assembly was followed by common Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) technology and the Low-Q WGMs. In contrast to planar QCM sensor chips of 1 cm, the WGM sensors are fluorescent spherical beads with diameters of 10.2 µm, enabling the detection of analyte quantities in the femtogram range in tiny volumes. The beads, with a very smooth surface and high refractive index, act as resonators for circular light waves that can revolve up to 10,000 times within the bead. The WGM frequencies are highly sensitive to changes in particle diameter and the refractive index of the surrounding medium. Hence, the adsorption of molecules shifts the resonance frequency, which is detected by a robust instrument with a high-resolution spectrometer. The results demonstrate the high potential of the new photonic measurement and its advantages over QCM technology, such as cheap sensors (billions in one Eppendorf tube), simple pre-functionalization, much higher statistic safety by hundreds of sensors for one measurement, 5–10 times faster analysis, and that approx. 25, 000 fewer analyte molecules are needed for one sensor. In addition, the deposited molecule amount is not superposed by hydrated water as for QCM. A connection between sensors and instruments does not exist, enabling application in any transparent environment, like microfluidics, drop-on slides, Petri dishes, well plates, cell culture vasculature, etc. <a href="/2304-6732/11/11/1087">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/photonics/special_issues/805I5L955S ">Fundamentals, Advances, and Applications in Optical Sensing</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/11/11/1087/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1524387"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1524387"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1524387" data-cycle-prev="#prev1524387" data-cycle-progressive="#images1524387" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1524387-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g001-550.jpg?1732024537" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1524387" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1524387-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g002-550.jpg?1732024540'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1524387-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g003-550.jpg?1732024542'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1524387-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g004-550.jpg?1732024543'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1524387-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g005-550.jpg?1732024545'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1524387-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g006-550.jpg?1732024546'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1524387-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g007-550.jpg?1732024549'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1524387-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g001-550.jpg?1732024537" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Process of LbL coating of planar surfaces by dip coating; (<b>b</b>) LbL coating of colloidal templates by washing under centrifugation or filtration processes. Subsequent removal of the core leads to hollow capsules.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-6732/11/11/1087'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g002-550.jpg?1732024540" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Whispering Gallery Modes detection system; (<b>b</b>) WGM chip with a microarray of 6000 wells (magnification 300×).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-6732/11/11/1087'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g003-550.jpg?1732024542" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Principle of WGM measurement: (1) 405 nm laser for excitation of the fluorescence molecules; (2) some molecules in the neighborhood of the surface emit light by chance, which hits the surface by an angle larger than the critical angle and is totally reflected back; if their wavelength is in resonance after several reflections, they form the circulating WGM (3); after up to 10,000 circulations, they are scattered out (4), and their wavelengths are measured by the spectrometer (5); the spectra are sent for signal evaluation to the software (WhisperSense v1.1.3) (6). (<b>b</b>) Typical WGM spectrum of 10.2 µm polystyrene fluorescent microbeads before (black) and after adsorption of molecules (red, shifted). (<b>c</b>) Calculated mass of one polyelectrolyte layer adsorption over time.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-6732/11/11/1087'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g004-550.jpg?1732024543" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Deposition of one double layer of hydrogen-bonded PVPon/PMAA and electrostatically bonded PAH/PSS on a basic PVPon/PMAA or PAH/PSS coating, respectively (<b>a</b>) followed by WGM analytics; (<b>b</b>) followed by QCM analytics.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-6732/11/11/1087'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g005-550.jpg?1732024545" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Deposition of eight double layers of hydrogen-bonded PVPon/PMAA: (<b>a</b>) followed by WGM analytics; (<b>b</b>) followed by QCM analytics.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-6732/11/11/1087'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g006-550.jpg?1732024546" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Dissolution kinetics for (PVPon/PMAA)<sub>2</sub> at increasing pH values of different buffer solutions followed by WGM: the zero value corresponds to the sensor beads pre-coated with PAH/PSS/PAH/PMAA.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-6732/11/11/1087'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/photonics/photonics-11-01087/article_deploy/html/images/photonics-11-01087-g007-550.jpg?1732024549" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Assembling and degradation of the (PVPON/PMAA)<sub>3</sub>/(PAH/PSS)<sub>3.5</sub> salt-free assembling, followed by WGM; (<b>b</b>) assembling and degradation of the (PVPON/PMAA)<sub>3</sub>/(PAH/PSS)<sub>3.5</sub> assembled with 0.2 M salt, followed by WGM; (<b>c</b>) assembling and degradation of the (PVPON/PMAA)<sub>3</sub>/(PAH/PSS)<sub>3.5</sub> assembled with 0.2 M salt, followed by QCM; (<b>d</b>) degradation of the (PVPON/PMAA)<sub>3</sub>/(PAH-Rho/PSS)<sub>3.5</sub> assembled with 0.2 M salt on a glass slide, followed by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2304-6732/11/11/1087'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1523296" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 2440 KiB   </span> <a href="/2077-0383/13/22/6937/pdf?version=1731922505" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Effectiveness of Thermal Stimulation Plus Conventional Therapy for Functional Recovery After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" data-journal="jcm"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2077-0383/13/22/6937">The Effectiveness of Thermal Stimulation Plus Conventional Therapy for Functional Recovery After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daniela Celi-Lalama</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aida Soria-Vizcaino</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lucía Fernanda Flores-Santy</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Felipe Araya-Quintanilla</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wilmer Danilo Esparza</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Iván Cuyul-Vásquez</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Héctor Gutiérrez-Espinoza</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>J. Clin. Med.</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>13</em>(22), 6937; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13226937">https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13226937</a> - 18 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 431 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <b>Background:</b> Motor impairments limit the functional abilities of patients after stroke; it is important to identify low-cost rehabilitation avenues. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of thermal stimulation in addition to conventional therapy for functional recovery in post-stroke patients. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/22/6937/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <b>Background:</b> Motor impairments limit the functional abilities of patients after stroke; it is important to identify low-cost rehabilitation avenues. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of thermal stimulation in addition to conventional therapy for functional recovery in post-stroke patients. <b>Methods:</b> An electronic search was performed in the MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Epistemonikos, LILACS, and PEDro databases. The eligibility criterion was randomized clinical trials that analyzed the clinical effects of thermal stimulation plus conventional therapy. Two authors independently performed the search, study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. <b>Results:</b> Eight studies met the eligibility criteria, and six studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. For thermal stimulation plus conventional therapy versus conventional therapy alone, the mean difference (MD) for function was 6.92 points (95% CI = 4.36–9.48; <i>p</i> < 0.01), for motor function was 6.31 points (95% CI = 5.18–7.44; <i>p</i> < 0.01), for balance was 4.41 points (95% CI = −2.59–11.4; <i>p</i> = 0.22), and for walking was 1.01 points (95% CI = 0.33–1.69; <i>p</i> < 0.01). For noxious thermal stimulation versus innocuous thermal stimulation, the MD for activities of daily living was 1.19 points (95% CI = −0.46–2.84; <i>p</i> = 0.16). <b>Conclusions:</b> In the short term, adding thermal stimulation to conventional therapy showed statistically significant differences in functional recovery in post-stroke patients. The quality of evidence was high to very low according to GRADE rating. The studies included varied in the frequency and dosage of thermal stimulation, which may affect the consistency and generalizability of the results. A larger quantity and a better quality of clinical studies are needed to confirm our findings. PROSPERO registration: CRD42023423207. <a href="/2077-0383/13/22/6937">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/jcm/sections/Clinical_Neurology">Clinical Neurology</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/22/6937/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1523296"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1523296"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1523296" data-cycle-prev="#prev1523296" data-cycle-progressive="#images1523296" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1523296-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g001-550.jpg?1731922591" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1523296" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1523296-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g002-550.jpg?1731922593'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1523296-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g003-550.jpg?1731922594'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1523296-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g004-550.jpg?1731922594'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1523296-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g005-550.jpg?1731922595'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1523296-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g006-550.jpg?1731922595'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1523296-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g007-550.jpg?1731922596'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1523296-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g008-550.jpg?1731922596'><p>Figure 8</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1523296-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g001-550.jpg?1731922591" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow chart diagram.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-0383/13/22/6937'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g002-550.jpg?1731922593" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Risk of bias summary: review authors’ judgements about each risk of bias item for included study. Note: “low” (green ball or “+”) “unclear” (yellow ball or “?”) and “high” (red ball or “-“) risk of bias [<a href="#B9-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">9</a>,<a href="#B19-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">19</a>,<a href="#B20-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">20</a>,<a href="#B32-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">32</a>,<a href="#B33-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">33</a>,<a href="#B34-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">34</a>,<a href="#B35-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">35</a>,<a href="#B36-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">36</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-0383/13/22/6937'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g003-550.jpg?1731922594" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Risk of bias graph: review authors’ judgments about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-0383/13/22/6937'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g004-550.jpg?1731922594" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of lower limb function at 6 weeks. CT: conventional therapy [<a href="#B9-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">9</a>,<a href="#B33-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">33</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-0383/13/22/6937'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g005-550.jpg?1731922595" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of motor function at 6 weeks. CT: conventional therapy [<a href="#B9-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">9</a>,<a href="#B19-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">19</a>,<a href="#B33-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">33</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-0383/13/22/6937'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g006-550.jpg?1731922595" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of balance at 6 to 8 weeks. CT: conventional therapy [<a href="#B9-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">9</a>,<a href="#B33-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">33</a>,<a href="#B36-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">36</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-0383/13/22/6937'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g007-550.jpg?1731922596" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of walking at 6 weeks. CT: conventional therapy [<a href="#B9-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">9</a>,<a href="#B33-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">33</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-0383/13/22/6937'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jcm/jcm-13-06937/article_deploy/html/images/jcm-13-06937-g008-550.jpg?1731922596" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot for activities of daily living at 4 to 8 weeks. CT: Conventional therapy; TS: Thermal stimulation [<a href="#B34-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">34</a>,<a href="#B35-jcm-13-06937" class="html-bibr">35</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-0383/13/22/6937'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1522977" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 5375 KiB   </span> <a href="/2077-1312/12/11/2076/pdf?version=1732088016" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Streptomyces hygroscopicus and rapamycinicus Evaluated from a U.S. Marine Sanctuary: Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Encode Antibiotic and Chemotherapeutic Secondary Metabolites" data-journal="jmse"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2077-1312/12/11/2076"><i>Streptomyces hygroscopicus</i> and <i>rapamycinicus</i> Evaluated from a U.S. Marine Sanctuary: Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Encode Antibiotic and Chemotherapeutic Secondary Metabolites</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hannah R. Flaherty</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Semra A. Aytur</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>John P. Bucci</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>J. Mar. Sci. Eng.</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>12</em>(11), 2076; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12112076">https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12112076</a> - 17 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 774 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Also threatening the public is the emergence of antibiotic resistance to existing medicines. Despite the challenge to produce viable natural products to market, there continues to be a need within public health to provide new <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/2076/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Also threatening the public is the emergence of antibiotic resistance to existing medicines. Despite the challenge to produce viable natural products to market, there continues to be a need within public health to provide new chemotherapeutic drugs such as those exhibiting cytotoxicity and tumor cell growth-inhibitory properties. As marine genomic research advances, it is apparent that marine-derived sediment harbors uniquely potent bioactive compounds compared to their terrestrial counterparts. The <i>Streptomyces</i> genus in particular produces more than 30% of all secondary metabolites currently approved for human health, thus harboring unexplored reservoirs of chemotherapeutic and antibiotic agents to combat emerging disease. The present study identifies the presence of <i>Streptomyces hygroscopicus</i> and <i>rapamycinicus</i> in environmental sediment at locations within the U.S. Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (SBNMS) from 2017 to 2022. Sequencing and bioinformatics methods catalogued biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that drive cytotoxic and antibiotic biochemical processes in samples collected from sites permittable and protected to fishing activity. Poisson regression models confirmed that Sites 1 and 3 had significantly higher occurrences of <i>rapamycinicus</i> than other sites (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Poisson regression models confirmed that Sites 1, 2 and 3 had significantly higher occurrence for <i>Streptomyces hygroscopicus</i> across sites (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Interestingly, permitted fishing sites showed a greater prevalence of both species. Statistical analyses showed a significant difference in aligned hits with polyketide synthases (PKSs) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) by site and between species with <i>hygroscopicus</i> showing a greater quantity than <i>rapamycinicus</i> among <i>Streptomyces</i> spp. (<i>p</i> < 0.05; F = 4.7 > F crit). <a href="/2077-1312/12/11/2076">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/jmse/sections/marine_biology">Marine Biology</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/12/11/2076/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1522977"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1522977"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1522977" data-cycle-prev="#prev1522977" data-cycle-progressive="#images1522977" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1522977-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g001-550.jpg?1732088088" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1522977" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1522977-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g002-550.jpg?1732088089'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1522977-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g003-550.jpg?1732088091'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1522977-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g004-550.jpg?1732088093'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1522977-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g005-550.jpg?1732088095'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1522977-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g006-550.jpg?1732088097'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1522977-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g007-550.jpg?1732088099'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1522977-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g008-550.jpg?1732088100'><p>Figure 8</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1522977-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g001-550.jpg?1732088088" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Study site map (1–9) of the Gulf of Maine within the Massachusetts Bay area. Included are the borders of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (black) with sample sites labeled with red (open to fishing) and black (closed to fishing) circles. The Western Gulf of Maine Closure area is marked with dashed markings. Note: Site 5 was retired in 2019 and is not shown on the map.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/11/2076'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g002-550.jpg?1732088089" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Metagenomic sequenced hits were quantified and matched by <span class="html-italic">Streptomyces</span> species sampled at locations within the SBNMS.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/11/2076'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g003-550.jpg?1732088091" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Metagenomic sequences (hit-counts) aligned with <span class="html-italic">Streptomyces hygroscopicus</span> and <span class="html-italic">rapamycinicus</span> were quantified according to the UniPRot output.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/11/2076'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g004-550.jpg?1732088093" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Contiguous hits for <span class="html-italic">S. hygroscopicus</span>, <span class="html-italic">S. rapamycinicus,</span> and all <span class="html-italic">Streptomyces</span> spp. corresponding to core BGCs and predicted by AntiSMASH<sup>™</sup> analysis. Each sampling site is expressed for all years (8, 9 n/a). The Poisson data analysis was generated using SAS software, Version 9.4, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/11/2076'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g005-550.jpg?1732088095" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The number of secondary metabolites were quantified using the AntiSMASH<sup>™</sup> bioinformatics program predictions. All sample collection years and site locations were combined in this diagram (<a href="#app1-jmse-12-02076" class="html-app">Table S2</a>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/11/2076'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g006-550.jpg?1732088097" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Map of study sites (1–9 black numbers) show total number of secondary metabolites identified in relation to surface to sediment depth (meters) as a heatmap corresponding to <span class="html-italic">S. hygroscopicus</span> and <span class="html-italic">S. rapamycinicus</span> by site. Spherical symbols: sparse to dense scale 0–100. Site 5 was retired in 2019 and is not shown on the map.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/11/2076'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g007-550.jpg?1732088099" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Diagram of an <span class="html-italic">S. hygroscopicus</span> spp. (NCBI accession number NC_020895.1) identified by antiSMASH<sup>™</sup> in study samples depicting prevalence of PKS and NRPS regions within BGGs aligned. This unique protein sequence record was identified in approximately 18% of all <span class="html-italic">S. hygroscopicus</span> and <span class="html-italic">S. rapamycinicus</span> contig samples analyzed.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/11/2076'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/jmse/jmse-12-02076/article_deploy/html/images/jmse-12-02076-g008-550.jpg?1732088100" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Identified secondary metabolite region of BGC search according to AntiSMASH output of multiple <span class="html-italic">S. hygroscopicus</span> strains (NZ_CP018627–Region 13; Location 1,553,101–1,683,344 nt). The select region within shows core BGCs (dark red) that encode for cytotoxic compounds such as Nigericin related and Type I Polyketides.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2077-1312/12/11/2076'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1522964" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 2023 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4352/14/11/995/pdf?version=1732001402" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="A Revival of Molecular Surface Electrostatic Potential Statistical Quantities: Ionic Solids and Liquids" data-journal="crystals"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4352/14/11/995">A Revival of Molecular Surface Electrostatic Potential Statistical Quantities: Ionic Solids and Liquids</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jane S. Murray</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kevin E. Riley</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tore Brinck</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Crystals</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>14</em>(11), 995; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14110995">https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14110995</a> - 17 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 505 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In this paper, we focus on surface electrostatic potentials and a variety of statistically derived quantities defined in terms of the surface potentials. These have been shown earlier to be meaningful in describing features of these potentials and have been utilized to understand <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/14/11/995/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In this paper, we focus on surface electrostatic potentials and a variety of statistically derived quantities defined in terms of the surface potentials. These have been shown earlier to be meaningful in describing features of these potentials and have been utilized to understand the interactive tendencies of molecules in condensed phases. Our current emphasis is on ionic salts and liquids instead of neutral molecules. Earlier work on ionic salts has been reviewed. Presently, our results are for a variety of singly charged cations and anions that can combine to form ionic solids or liquids. Our approach is computational, using the density functional B3PW91/6-31G(d,p) procedure for all calculations. We find consistently that the average positive and negative surface electrostatic potentials of the cations and anions decrease with the size of the ion, as has been noted earlier. A model using computed statistical quantities has allowed us to put the melting points of both ionic solids and liquids together, covering a range from 993 °C to 11 °C. <a href="/2073-4352/14/11/995">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/crystals/sections/inorganic_crystalline_materials">Inorganic Crystalline Materials</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/14/11/995/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1522964"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1522964"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1522964" data-cycle-prev="#prev1522964" data-cycle-progressive="#images1522964" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1522964-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-ag-550.jpg?1732009038" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1522964" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1522964-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g001-550.jpg?1732001505'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1522964-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g002-550.jpg?1732001506'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1522964-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g003-550.jpg?1732001507'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1522964-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g004-550.jpg?1732001508'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1522964-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g005-550.jpg?1732001509'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1522964-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-ag-550.jpg?1732009038" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4352/14/11/995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g001-550.jpg?1732001505" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Computed electrostatic potentials on the 0.001 au iso-density contours of (<b>a</b>) hydrazine, (<b>b</b>) the hydrazinium cation, and (<b>c</b>) NH<sub>2</sub>NH<sup>−</sup>. The frameworks are shown in gray within the surfaces. The surface of (<b>a</b>) has both positive and negative values of V<sub>S</sub>(<b>r</b>); those of (<b>b</b>,<b>c</b>) are completely positive and negative, respectively. The color ranges, in kcal/mol, are therefore necessarily different for each. The color ranges for (<b>a</b>) are red, greater than 15; yellow, from 15 to 0; green, from 0 to −15; blue, more negative than −15. The color ranges for (<b>b</b>) are red, greater than 150; yellow, from 150 to 125; green, from 125 to 100; blue, less than 100. The color ranges for (<b>c</b>) are red, less negative than −110; yellow, from −110 to −130; green, from −130 to −150; blue, more negative than −150.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4352/14/11/995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g002-550.jpg?1732001506" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The quantum chemically computed electrostatic potential (V<sub>QC</sub>(r)) compared with the electrostatic potential of a point charge (V<sub><span class="html-italic">q</span></sub>(r)) as functions of the distance (r) from the nucleus for the ions Na<sup>+</sup> and F<sup>−</sup>. The distance of the iso-density contour (<span class="html-italic">ρ</span>(r) = 0.001 au) that is used to compute V<sub>S</sub>(<b>r</b>) is marked in both plots.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4352/14/11/995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g003-550.jpg?1732001507" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Computed electrostatic potentials on the 0.001 au iso-density contours of (<b>a</b>) EA<sup>+</sup> and (<b>b</b>) [BMIM]<sup>+</sup>. The frameworks are shown in gray within the surfaces. The color ranges, in kcal/mol, are for (<b>a</b>) red, greater than 150; yellow, from 150 to 125; green, from 125 to 100; blue, less than 100. The color ranges for (<b>b</b>) are red, greater than 100; yellow, from 100 to 80; green, from 80 to 60; blue, less than 60.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4352/14/11/995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g004-550.jpg?1732001508" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Computed electrostatic potentials on the 0.001 au iso-density contours of (<b>a</b>) BF<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> and (<b>b</b>) PF<sub>6</sub><sup>−</sup>. The color ranges, in kcal/mol, are for (<b>a</b>) red, less negative than −129; yellow, from −129 to −133; green, from −133 to −137; blue, more negative than −137. The color ranges for (<b>b</b>) are red, less negative than −113; yellow, from −113 to −117; green, from −117 to −121; blue, more negative than −12.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4352/14/11/995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/crystals/crystals-14-00995/article_deploy/html/images/crystals-14-00995-g005-550.jpg?1732001509" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Plot of predicted melting points using Equation (8) vs. experimentally determined melting points for the seventeen ionic systems in <a href="#crystals-14-00995-t003" class="html-table">Table 3</a>. R = 0.997.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4352/14/11/995'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1522230" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 1018 KiB   </span> <a href="/1424-8220/24/22/7321/pdf?version=1731739681" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Fault Diagnosis Method for Converter Stations Based on Fault Area Identification and Evidence Information Fusion" data-journal="sensors"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1424-8220/24/22/7321">Fault Diagnosis Method for Converter Stations Based on Fault Area Identification and Evidence Information Fusion</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shuzheng Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaoqi Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xuchao Ren</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ye Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sudi Xu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yaming Ge</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiahao He</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Sensors</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>24</em>(22), 7321; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/s24227321">https://doi.org/10.3390/s24227321</a> - 16 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 388 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> DC converter stations have a high voltage level, a long transmission distance, and complex internal equipment, and contain power electronic devices, which seriously endanger the stable operation of the system itself and the active distribution network at the receiving end when faults occur. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7321/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> DC converter stations have a high voltage level, a long transmission distance, and complex internal equipment, and contain power electronic devices, which seriously endanger the stable operation of the system itself and the active distribution network at the receiving end when faults occur. Accurate fault analysis and diagnosis are critical to the safe and stable operation of power systems. Traditional fault diagnosis methods often rely on a single source of information, leading to issues such as insufficient information utilization and incomplete diagnostic scope when applied to DC transmission systems. To address these problems, a fault diagnosis method for converter stations based on preliminary identification of the fault range and the fusion of evidence information of the switch signal and electrical quantity is proposed. First, the preprocessing of converter station sequential event recording (SER) events and a statistical analysis of event characteristics are completed to initially determine the range of the fault.Then, a fuzzy Petri net model and a BP neural network model are constructed on the basis of the fault data from a real-time digital simulation system (RTDS), and the corresponding evidence information of the switch signal and electrical quantity are obtained via iterative inference and deep learning methods. Finally, on the basis of D-S evidence theory, a comprehensive diagnosis result is obtained by fusing the switch and electric evidence information. Taking the fault data of a DC converter station as an example, the proposed method is analyzed and compared with the traditional method, which is based on single information. The results show that the proposed method can reliably and accurately identify fault points in the protected area of the converter station. <a href="/1424-8220/24/22/7321">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/sensors/special_issues/55990TX980 ">Sensor and Sensorless Technology with Renewable Energy and Flexible Load Participation in Active Distribution Network</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7321/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1522230"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1522230"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1522230" data-cycle-prev="#prev1522230" data-cycle-progressive="#images1522230" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1522230-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g001-550.jpg?1731739840" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1522230" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1522230-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g002-550.jpg?1731739841'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1522230-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g003-550.jpg?1731739842'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1522230-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g004-550.jpg?1731739843'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1522230-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g005-550.jpg?1731739843'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1522230-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g006-550.jpg?1731739844'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1522230-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g007-550.jpg?1731739846'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1522230-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g008-550.jpg?1731739846'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1522230-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g009-550.jpg?1731739847'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1522230-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g001-550.jpg?1731739840" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Converter station fault point diagram.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7321'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g002-550.jpg?1731739841" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Converter station fault diagnosis method.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7321'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g003-550.jpg?1731739842" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Analysis results of SER events.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7321'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g004-550.jpg?1731739843" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Petri net construction process.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7321'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g005-550.jpg?1731739843" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Fuzzy Petri net model for switch signal diagnosis of converter station.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7321'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g006-550.jpg?1731739844" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>BP neural network structure diagram.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7321'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g007-550.jpg?1731739846" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Results of 8-layer wavelet decomposition of direct current.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7321'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g008-550.jpg?1731739846" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Wavelet energy distribution condition.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7321'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07321/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07321-g009-550.jpg?1731739847" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Diagram of RTDS simulation model of DC field structure.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7321'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1521816" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 19 pages, 73341 KiB   </span> <a href="/1424-8220/24/22/7311/pdf?version=1731674474" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="A Comparative Study on the Use of Smartphone Cameras in Photogrammetry Applications" data-journal="sensors"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1424-8220/24/22/7311">A Comparative Study on the Use of Smartphone Cameras in Photogrammetry Applications</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Photis Patonis</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Sensors</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>24</em>(22), 7311; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/s24227311">https://doi.org/10.3390/s24227311</a> - 15 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 491 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The evaluation of smartphone camera technology for close-range photogrammetry includes assessing captured photos for 3D measurement. In this work, experiments are conducted on many smartphones to study distortion levels and accuracy performance in close-range photogrammetry applications. Analytical methods and specialized digital tools are <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7311/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The evaluation of smartphone camera technology for close-range photogrammetry includes assessing captured photos for 3D measurement. In this work, experiments are conducted on many smartphones to study distortion levels and accuracy performance in close-range photogrammetry applications. Analytical methods and specialized digital tools are employed to evaluate the results. OpenCV functions estimate the distortions introduced by the lens. Diagrams, evaluation images, statistical quantities, and indicators are utilized to compare the results among sensors. The accuracy achieved in photogrammetry is examined using the photogrammetric bundle adjustment in a real-world application. In the end, generalized conclusions are drawn regarding this technology’s use in close-range photogrammetry applications. <a href="/1424-8220/24/22/7311">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/sensors/special_issues/photogrammetry_remotesensing_B ">Innovations in Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing: Modern Sensors, New Processing Strategies and Advances in Applications (Volume II)</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/22/7311/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1521816"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1521816"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1521816" data-cycle-prev="#prev1521816" data-cycle-progressive="#images1521816" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g001-550.jpg?1731674622" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1521816" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g002-550.jpg?1731674623'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g003-550.jpg?1731674625'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g004-550.jpg?1731674626'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g005-550.jpg?1731674626'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g006-550.jpg?1731674628'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g007-550.jpg?1731674630'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g008-550.jpg?1731674631'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g009-550.jpg?1731674632'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g010-550.jpg?1731674633'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1521816-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g011-550.jpg?1731674635'><p>Figure 11</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1521816-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g001-550.jpg?1731674622" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The layout of the control points used for the rectification procedure.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g002-550.jpg?1731674623" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>A set of photographs showing the checkerboard pattern used for camera calibration.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g003-550.jpg?1731674625" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Distribution of Distortions for all smartphone cameras.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g004-550.jpg?1731674626" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Distortions color gradients to micrometers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g005-550.jpg?1731674626" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Rectification Error color gradients to millimeters.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g006-550.jpg?1731674628" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The converged photos of the control field.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g007-550.jpg?1731674630" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>A control point in the building’s facade. <b>Left</b>: In the actual photo. <b>Right</b>: Through the total station’s telescope.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g008-550.jpg?1731674631" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>The transformation of the Control Point Coordinates to a New Reference System. (<b>a</b>) The new Reference Coordinate System. (<b>b</b>) The coordinates transformation on the Surveyor-Photogrammetry software version 6.1.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g009-550.jpg?1731674632" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>An instance of the bundle adjustment function on the Surveyor-Photogrammetry software version 6.1.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g010-550.jpg?1731674633" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Normalized values of the Pixel size, Number of pixels, Sensor Area, RMS 3D error, Mean Rectification error, Re-projection error, and Mean Distortion.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/sensors/sensors-24-07311/article_deploy/html/images/sensors-24-07311-g011-550.jpg?1731674635" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Scatter Charts for All Cameras with the trendline calculated by linear regression. (<b>a</b>): RMS 3D Error and Mean Distortion. (<b>b</b>) RMS 3D Error and Pixel Size. (<b>c</b>) RMS 3D Error and the Sensors Area. (<b>d</b>) Pixel Size and Sensor Area. (<b>e</b>) Pixel Size and Total Number of Pixels. (<b>f</b>) RMS 3D Error and Re-projection Error.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1424-8220/24/22/7311'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1521503" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 9 pages, 11998 KiB   </span> <a href="/1996-1944/17/22/5584/pdf?version=1731659061" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="A Progressive Loss Decomposition Method for Low-Frequency Shielding of Soft Magnetic Materials" data-journal="materials"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/1996-1944/17/22/5584">A Progressive Loss Decomposition Method for Low-Frequency Shielding of Soft Magnetic Materials</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Airu Ji</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jinji Sun</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Materials</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>17</em>(22), 5584; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17225584">https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17225584</a> - 15 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 298 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Energy loss in shielding soft magnetic materials at low frequencies (1–100 Hz) can cause fluctuations in the material’s magnetic field, and the resulting magnetic noise can interfere with the measurement accuracy and basic precision physics of biomagnetic signals. This places higher demands on <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/22/5584/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Energy loss in shielding soft magnetic materials at low frequencies (1–100 Hz) can cause fluctuations in the material’s magnetic field, and the resulting magnetic noise can interfere with the measurement accuracy and basic precision physics of biomagnetic signals. This places higher demands on the credibility and accuracy of loss separation predictions. The current statistical loss theory (STL) method tends to ignore the high impact of the excitation dependence of quasi-static loss in the low-frequency band on the prediction accuracy. STL simultaneously fits and predicts multiple unknown quantities, causing its results to occasionally fall into the value boundary, and the credibility is low in the low-frequency band and with less data. This paper proposes a progressive loss decomposition (PLD) method. Through multi-step progressive predictions, the hysteresis loss simulation coefficients are first determined. The experimental data of the test ring verifies the credibility of PLD’s prediction of the two hysteresis coefficients, improving the inapplicability of the STL method. In addition, we use the proposed method to obtain the prediction results of the low-frequency characteristics of the loss of a variety of typical soft magnetic materials, providing a reference for analyzing the loss characteristics of materials. <a href="/1996-1944/17/22/5584">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/materials/special_issues/PL4VK18P5R ">Preparation, Electromagnetic Absorption and Shielding Properties of Electromagnetic Functional Materials</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/22/5584/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1521503"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1521503"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1521503" data-cycle-prev="#prev1521503" data-cycle-progressive="#images1521503" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1521503-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g001-550.jpg?1731659195" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1521503" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1521503-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g002-550.jpg?1731659196'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1521503-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g003-550.jpg?1731659197'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1521503-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g004-550.jpg?1731659198'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1521503-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g005-550.jpg?1731659198'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1521503-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g006-550.jpg?1731659199'><p>Figure 6</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1521503-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g001-550.jpg?1731659195" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Test instrument and magnetic ring size.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1996-1944/17/22/5584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g002-550.jpg?1731659196" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Loss separation process. (<b>a</b>) Original test data (including error bars). (<b>b</b>) First step fitting. (<b>c</b>) Second step fitting: intercept of each curve in (<b>b</b>). The color of symbol ’x’ corresponds to the legend in (<b>b</b>). (<b>d</b>) Total loss fitting surface: the fitting surface uses parula colormap to represent the size of the predicted value. (<b>e</b>) Loss separation prediction results.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1996-1944/17/22/5584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g003-550.jpg?1731659197" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Loss separation prediction steps for Co-based amorphous. (The symbol ‘x’ represents the intercept of each curve. The fitting surface represents the size of the predicted value using parula colormap).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1996-1944/17/22/5584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g004-550.jpg?1731659198" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Loss separation prediction steps for Finemet NANO. (The symbol ‘x’ represents the intercept of each curve. The fitting surface represents the size of the predicted value using parula colormap).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1996-1944/17/22/5584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g005-550.jpg?1731659198" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Loss separation prediction steps for ferrtie. (The symbol ‘x’ represents the intercept of each curve. The fitting surface represents the size of the predicted value using parula colormap).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1996-1944/17/22/5584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/materials/materials-17-05584/article_deploy/html/images/materials-17-05584-g006-550.jpg?1731659199" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Separation of power loss components of 4 materials.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/1996-1944/17/22/5584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1520869" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 2593 KiB   </span> <a href="/2075-4418/14/22/2556/pdf?version=1731580365" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Contributions Regarding the Study of Pulsatility and Resistivity Indices of Uterine Arteries in Term Pregnancies—A Prospective Study in Bucharest, Romania" data-journal="diagnostics"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2075-4418/14/22/2556">Contributions Regarding the Study of Pulsatility and Resistivity Indices of Uterine Arteries in Term Pregnancies—A Prospective Study in Bucharest, Romania</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giorgia Zampieri</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alexandra Matei</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>George Alexandru Roșu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Andrei Marin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mircea Octavian Poenaru</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cringu Antoniu Ionescu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Diagnostics</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>14</em>(22), 2556; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222556">https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14222556</a> - 14 Nov 2024 </div> Viewed by 370 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Pregnancy is a complex stage in a woman’s life, considering the physical and psychological changes that occur. The introduction of Doppler studies of the pregnant woman’s vessels and those of the fetus has proven to be a useful tool in evaluating the maternal-fetal <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/22/2556/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Pregnancy is a complex stage in a woman’s life, considering the physical and psychological changes that occur. The introduction of Doppler studies of the pregnant woman’s vessels and those of the fetus has proven to be a useful tool in evaluating the maternal-fetal relationship. <b>Objective</b>: The study aims to assess the correlations of PI and RI values in term pregnancies. <b>Methods:</b> This analysis is based on the prospective evaluation of medical data from 60 patients who were admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Saint Pantelimon Hospital in Bucharest, Romania, from May to August 2024. Among the examined parameters are patient age, blood pressure, amniotic fluid quantity, placenta location, and pulsatility and resistivity indices of uterine arteries. <b>Results:</b> A higher diastolic blood pressure is associated with higher mean PI and RI values, indicating that diastolic blood pressure has a significant correlation to these values. The mean RI shows a moderately negative and significant correlation, suggesting that a lower level of amniotic fluid is associated with a higher mean RI. Regarding the PI value of the uterine arteries, the <i>p</i>-value suggests that the difference between the groups with and without associated diseases is statistically significant. Placental insertion on the anterior or posterior uterine wall does not have a significant impact on the PI and RI values of the uterine arteries, but the values are higher in the contralateral part of the placental insertion. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results strengthen the evidence previously demonstrated. Uterine artery Doppler ultrasonography is an extremely useful tool in monitoring and managing high-risk pregnancies. <a href="/2075-4418/14/22/2556">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/diagnostics/special_issues/2DMW1649LZ ">Advances in Ultrasound</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/22/2556/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1520869"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1520869"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1520869" data-cycle-prev="#prev1520869" data-cycle-progressive="#images1520869" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1520869-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g001-550.jpg?1731580461" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1520869" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1520869-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g002-550.jpg?1731580462'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1520869-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g003-550.jpg?1731580462'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1520869-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g004-550.jpg?1731580463'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1520869-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g005-550.jpg?1731580464'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1520869-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g006-550.jpg?1731580464'><p>Figure 6</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1520869-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g001-550.jpg?1731580461" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Graphical representation of systolic blood pressure values.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/22/2556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g002-550.jpg?1731580462" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Graphical representation of diastolic blood pressure values.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/22/2556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g003-550.jpg?1731580462" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Graphical representation of mean PI values.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/22/2556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g004-550.jpg?1731580463" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Distribution of mean RI values.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/22/2556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g005-550.jpg?1731580464" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Distribution of patients based on the amount of amniotic fluid.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/22/2556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/diagnostics/diagnostics-14-02556/article_deploy/html/images/diagnostics-14-02556-g006-550.jpg?1731580464" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Graphical representation of cases with associated diseases.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2075-4418/14/22/2556'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <span class="more" style="display: none;"></span> </div> <div class="row footer"> <div class="listing-select-options"> <div class="columns small-12"> <div class="select generic-item"> <a href="#" class="export-options-show export-element export-expanded"> Show export options <i class="material-icons">expand_more</i> </a> <a href="#" class="export-options-show export-element"> Show export options <i 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