CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>in- - Wiktionary, the free dictionary</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwiktionarymwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat" :"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"afea8e79-f1bd-49ef-ae50-3ebfcacb666b","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"in-","wgTitle":"in-","wgCurRevisionId":82738393,"wgRevisionId":82738393,"wgArticleId":36518,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages calling Template:minitoc","Pages with entries","Pages with 22 entries","English links with redundant target parameters","Entries with translation boxes","Terms with French translations","Terms with Galician translations","Terms with Greek translations","Terms with Italian translations","Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations","Terms with Persian translations","Terms with Portuguese translations","Terms with Armenian translations","Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations","Terms with Esperanto translations","Terms with Finnish translations","Terms with Hebrew translations","Terms with Ido translations","Terms with Indonesian translations","Terms with Japanese translations","Terms with Norwegian translations","Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations","Terms with Polish translations","Terms with Russian translations","Terms with Spanish translations","Terms with Swedish translations","French entries with etymology trees","French entries with etymology texts","Latin entries with etymology trees","Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations","Old English terms with redundant head parameter","Requests for etymologies in Old Irish entries","Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries","English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁én","English terms inherited from Middle English","English terms derived from Middle English","English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms derived from Old English","English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic","English terms derived from Proto-Germanic","English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European","English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European","English terms with audio pronunciation","English lemmas","English prefixes","English terms with usage examples","English terms derived from Latin","English terms borrowed from French","English terms derived from French","English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ne","English doublets","English unproductive prefixes","Catalan terms borrowed from Latin","Catalan terms derived from Latin","Catalan lemmas","Catalan prefixes","Dutch terms with audio pronunciation","Dutch lemmas","Dutch prefixes","French terms derived from Proto-Italic","French terms derived from Latin","French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European","French terms borrowed from Latin","French 1-syllable words","French terms with IPA pronunciation", "French terms with audio pronunciation","French lemmas","French prefixes","German 1-syllable words","German terms with IPA pronunciation","German terms derived from Proto-Germanic","German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European","German lemmas","German prefixes","German terms with rare senses","German terms borrowed from Latin","German terms derived from Latin","Gothic non-lemma forms","Gothic romanizations","Indonesian terms derived from Dutch","Indonesian terms derived from French","Indonesian terms derived from Latin","Indonesian 1-syllable words","Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation","Indonesian lemmas","Indonesian prefixes","Irish terms inherited from Old Irish","Irish terms derived from Old Irish","Irish lemmas","Irish prefixes","Italian 1-syllable words","Italian terms with IPA pronunciation","Italian terms inherited from Latin","Italian terms derived from Latin","Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European","Italian lemmas","Italian prefixes", "Italian terms with obsolete senses","Italian terms with rare senses","Latin 1-syllable words","Latin terms with IPA pronunciation","Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European","Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic","Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic","Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European","Latin lemmas","Latin prefixes","Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁en-","Malay terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ne","Malay terms borrowed from English","Malay terms derived from English","Malay terms derived from Middle English","Malay terms derived from Latin","Malay 1-syllable words","Malay terms with IPA pronunciation","Malay lemmas","Malay prefixes","Malay terms with usage examples","Malay unproductive prefixes","Maltese 1-syllable words","Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation","Maltese lemmas","Maltese articles","Northern Ndebele terms inherited from Proto-Bantu","Northern Ndebele terms derived from Proto-Bantu","Northern Ndebele lemmas" ,"Northern Ndebele prefixes","Northern Ndebele noun prefixes","Ojibwe initials","Ojibwe lemmas","Ojibwe prefixes","Ojibwe personal prefixes","Old English terms with IPA pronunciation","Old English lemmas","Old English prefixes","Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic","Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European","Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic","Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic","Old Irish lemmas","Old Irish prefixes","Old Irish personal pronouns","Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin","Portuguese terms derived from Latin","Portuguese lemmas","Portuguese prefixes","Spanish terms borrowed from Latin","Spanish terms derived from Latin","Spanish lemmas","Spanish prefixes","Swazi terms inherited from Proto-Bantu","Swazi terms derived from Proto-Bantu","Swazi lemmas","Swazi prefixes","Swazi noun prefixes","Tagalog 1-syllable words","Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation","Tagalog lemmas","Tagalog prefixes","Tagalog terms with Baybayin script", "Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu","Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu","Xhosa lemmas","Xhosa prefixes","Xhosa noun prefixes","Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu","Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu","Zulu lemmas","Zulu prefixes","Zulu noun prefixes"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"in-","wgRelevantArticleId":36518,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wiktionary","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"]};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.LanguagesAndScripts":"ready","ext.gadget.Palette":"ready","ext.gadget.Site":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.categoryTree.styles":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.categoryTree","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.tmh.player","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js", "ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.LegacyScripts","ext.gadget.TargetedTranslations","ext.gadget.DocTabs","ext.gadget.RevdelInfo","ext.gadget.PagePreviews","ext.gadget.minitoc","ext.gadget.TranslationAdder","ext.gadget.Edittools","ext.gadget.defaultVisibilityToggles","ext.gadget.UnsupportedTitles","ext.gadget.WiktGadgetPrefs","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.checkUser.clientHints"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.categoryTree.styles%7Cext.cite.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.gadget.LanguagesAndScripts%2CPalette%2CSite&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Wiktionary"> <meta property="og:title" content="in- - Wiktionary, the free dictionary"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit" href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wiktionary/en.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wiktionary/en.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wiktionary (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wiktionary.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wiktionary Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-in- rootpage-in- skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-text" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page"><span>Main Page</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Community_portal" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-requestedarticles" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Requested_entries"><span>Requested entries</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Load a random page [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random entry</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Help:Contents" title="The place to find out"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-Glossary" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary"><span>Glossary</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Contact_us"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/enwiktionary.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wiktionary" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wiktionary-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 6.6875em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Dictionary" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wiktionary-tagline-en.svg" width="110" height="15" style="width: 6.875em; height: 0.9375em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wiktionary [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wiktionary" aria-label="Search Wiktionary" autocapitalize="none" title="Search Wiktionary [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wiktionary.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donations</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=in-" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=in-" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wiktionary.org&uselang=en"><span>Donations</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=in-" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=in-" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-English" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#English"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>English</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-English-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle English subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-English-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_1" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Synonyms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Synonyms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3.1</span> <span>Synonyms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Synonyms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antonyms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antonyms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3.2</span> <span>Antonyms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antonyms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3.3</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Translations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3.4</span> <span>Translations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Synonyms_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Synonyms_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1.2</span> <span>Synonyms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Synonyms_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antonyms_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antonyms_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1.3</span> <span>Antonyms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antonyms_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1.4</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Etymology 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Synonyms_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Synonyms_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1.1</span> <span>Synonyms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Synonyms_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1.3</span> <span>Related terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Translations_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translations_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1.4</span> <span>Translations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translations_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anagrams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anagrams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Anagrams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anagrams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catalan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catalan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Catalan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Catalan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Catalan subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Catalan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dutch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dutch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Dutch</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dutch-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dutch subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dutch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>French</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-French-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle French subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-French-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>German</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-German-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle German subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-German-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_1_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1.2</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Related_terms_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_terms_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1.3</span> <span>Related terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_terms_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_3_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_3_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Etymology 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_3_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4.1.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4.2</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gothic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gothic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gothic</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gothic-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Gothic subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gothic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Romanization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romanization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Romanization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romanization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indonesian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indonesian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Indonesian</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Indonesian-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Indonesian subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Indonesian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Irish</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Irish-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Irish subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Irish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_1_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_11" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_11"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_11-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_12" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_12"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_12-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2.1.1</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mutation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mutation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Mutation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mutation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Italian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Italian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Italian</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Italian-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Italian subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Italian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_1_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_13" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_13"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_13-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3.1.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_14" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_14"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_14-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4.1.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4.1.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anagrams_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anagrams_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Anagrams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anagrams_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Latin</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Latin-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Latin subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Latin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_1_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_15" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_15"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_15-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2.1.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_11" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_11"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2.1.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_11-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Descendants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descendants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2.1.3</span> <span>Descendants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descendants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3.1</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_16" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_16"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_16-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3.2.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_12" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_12"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3.2.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_12-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Descendants_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descendants_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3.2.3</span> <span>Descendants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descendants_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_3_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_3_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Etymology 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_3_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4.1</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_17" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_17"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_17-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_13" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_13"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4.2.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_13-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Malay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Malay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Malay</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Malay-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Malay subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Malay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_18" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_18"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_18-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_14" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_14"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_14-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maltese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maltese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Maltese</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Maltese-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Maltese subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Maltese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Article" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Article"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Article</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Article-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Ndebele" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Ndebele"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Northern Ndebele</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Northern_Ndebele-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Northern Ndebele subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Northern_Ndebele-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_19" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_19"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_19-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ojibwe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ojibwe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Ojibwe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ojibwe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ojibwe subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ojibwe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Initial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Initial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_20" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_20"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_20-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-See_also_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2.1</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Old_English" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_English"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Old English</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Old_English-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Old English subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Old_English-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_1_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.2</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_21" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_21"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.2.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_21-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Descendants_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descendants_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.2.1.1</span> <span>Descendants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descendants_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.3</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_22" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_22"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.3.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_22-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_15" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_15"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.3.1.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_15-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Old_Irish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_Irish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Old Irish</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Old_Irish-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Old Irish subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Old_Irish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_1_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_1_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1</span> <span>Etymology 1</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_1_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1.1</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_23" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_23"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_23-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1.2.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_16" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_16"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1.2.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_16-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1.3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_2_7" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_2_7"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.2</span> <span>Etymology 2</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_2_7-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_24" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_24"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.2.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_24-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_3_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_3_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.3</span> <span>Etymology 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_3_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_25" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_25"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.3.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_25-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.3.1.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_17" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_17"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.3.1.2</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_17-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_4_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_4_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.4</span> <span>Etymology 4</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_4_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefix_26" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_26"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.4.1</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_26-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References_4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References_4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.4.2</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References_4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portuguese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portuguese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Portuguese</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Portuguese-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Portuguese subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Portuguese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms_8" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms_8"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17.1</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms_8-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17.2</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_27" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_27"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17.3</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_27-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_18" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_18"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17.3.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_18-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Spanish</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Spanish-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Spanish subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Spanish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_forms_9" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_forms_9"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18.1</span> <span>Alternative forms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_forms_9-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology_10" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_10"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18.2</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_10-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_28" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_28"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18.3</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_28-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_19" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_19"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18.3.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_19-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading_6" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading_6"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18.4</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading_6-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Swazi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Swazi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>Swazi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Swazi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Swazi subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Swazi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_11" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_11"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_11-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_29" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_29"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_29-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_11" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_11"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19.2.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_11-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tagalog" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tagalog"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20</span> <span>Tagalog</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tagalog-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Tagalog subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tagalog-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pronunciation_11" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pronunciation_11"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20.1</span> <span>Pronunciation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pronunciation_11-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_30" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_30"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_30-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Derived_terms_20" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Derived_terms_20"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20.2.1</span> <span>Derived terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Derived_terms_20-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anagrams_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anagrams_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20.3</span> <span>Anagrams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anagrams_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xhosa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xhosa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21</span> <span>Xhosa</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Xhosa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Xhosa subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Xhosa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_12" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_12"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_12-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_31" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_31"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_31-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_12" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_12"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21.2.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_12-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zulu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zulu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22</span> <span>Zulu</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Zulu-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Zulu subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Zulu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology_13" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology_13"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology_13-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prefix_32" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefix_32"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22.2</span> <span>Prefix</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefix_32-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usage_notes_13" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_notes_13"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22.2.1</span> <span>Usage notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_notes_13-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References_5" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References_5"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">22.3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References_5-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">in-</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" title="in- – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="in-" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/in-" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Entry</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:in-" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/in-"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/in-"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/in-" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/in-" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=en" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&oldid=82738393" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=in-&id=82738393&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2Fin-"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2Fin-"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=in-"><span>Create a book</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=in-&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wiktionary, the free dictionary</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="disambig-see-also"><i>See also:</i> <b class="Latn"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Variations_of_%22in%22" title="Appendix:Variations of "in"">Appendix:Variations of "in"</a></b></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82796149">.mw-parser-output .minitoc{max-width:40em;margin:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .minitoc .NavHead{padding:0.25em 0.5em}.mw-parser-output .minitoc .NavContent{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .minitoc a{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="1"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="2"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="3"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="4"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="5"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="6"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="7"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="8"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="9"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="10"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="11"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="12"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="13"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="14"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="15"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="16"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="17"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="18"],.mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="19"]{display:none}.mw-parser-output [data-toc-length]:not([data-toc-length="1"]):not([data-toc-length="2"]):not([data-toc-length="3"]):not([data-toc-length="4"]):not([data-toc-length="5"]):not([data-toc-length="6"]):not([data-toc-length="7"]):not([data-toc-length="8"]):not([data-toc-length="9"]):not([data-toc-length="10"]):not([data-toc-length="11"]):not([data-toc-length="12"]):not([data-toc-length="13"]):not([data-toc-length="14"]):not([data-toc-length="15"]):not([data-toc-length="16"]):not([data-toc-length="17"]):not([data-toc-length="18"]):not([data-toc-length="19"]){display:none}body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="10"],body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="11"],body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="12"],body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="13"],body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="14"],body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="15"],body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="16"],body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="17"],body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="18"],body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="19"]{display:block}@media screen and (max-width:719px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="5"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="6"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="7"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="8"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="9"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="10"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="11"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="12"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="13"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="14"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="15"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="16"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="17"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="18"],body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-minitoc-length="19"]{display:block}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output [data-toc-length]:not([data-toc-length="1"]):not([data-toc-length="2"]):not([data-toc-length="3"]):not([data-toc-length="4"]){display:block}}</style><div class="minitoc NavFrame" data-toggle-category="table of contents" data-minitoc-length="22"><div class="NavHead">Languages (22)</div><div class="NavContent"><a href="#English">English</a><hr /><a href="#Catalan">Catalan</a> • <a href="#Dutch">Dutch</a> • <a href="#French">French</a> • <a href="#German">German</a> • <a href="#Gothic">Gothic</a> • <a href="#Indonesian">Indonesian</a> • <a href="#Irish">Irish</a> • <a href="#Italian">Italian</a> • <a href="#Latin">Latin</a> • <a href="#Malay">Malay</a> • <a href="#Maltese">Maltese</a> • <a href="#Northern_Ndebele">Northern Ndebele</a> • <a href="#Ojibwe">Ojibwe</a> • <a href="#Old_English">Old English</a> • <a href="#Old_Irish">Old Irish</a> • <a href="#Portuguese">Portuguese</a> • <a href="#Spanish">Spanish</a> • <a href="#Swazi">Swazi</a> • <a href="#Tagalog">Tagalog</a> • <a href="#Xhosa">Xhosa</a> • <a href="#Zulu">Zulu</a><hr /><a href="#catlinks">Page categories</a></div></div><div data-toc-length="22"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="English">English</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable floatright PIE-word" style="text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><th>PIE word</th></tr><tr><td><span class="Latn" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%81%C3%A9n" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁én">*h₁én</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English" class="extiw" title="w:Middle English">Middle English</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Middle_English">in-</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English" class="extiw" title="w:Old English">Old English</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Old_English">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">in, into</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span>, <span class="ann-pos">prefix</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/in" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/in">*in</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%81%C3%A9n" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁én">*h₁én</a></i>. More at <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/in#English" title="in">in</a></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alternative_forms">Alternative forms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/i-#English" title="i-">i-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/il-#English" title="il-">il-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/en-#English" title="en-">en-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r50165410">.mw-parser-output .k-player .k-attribution{visibility:hidden}</style><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_in_southern_England" class="extiw" title="w:English in southern England">Southern England</a></span></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-in-.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-in-.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-in-.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-in-.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-in-.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-in-.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-in-.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-in-.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="en">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/in" title="in">in</a>, <a href="/wiki/into" title="into">into</a>, <a href="/wiki/towards" title="towards">towards</a>, <a href="/wiki/within" title="within">within</a>. <dl><dd><i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inhold#English" title="inhold"><b>in</b>hold</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inmove#English" title="inmove"><b>in</b>move</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/intake#English" title="intake"><b>in</b>take</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inthrill#English" title="inthrill"><b>in</b>thrill</a></i></dd> <dd><i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inborn#English" title="inborn"><b>in</b>born</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbound#English" title="inbound"><b>in</b>bound</a></i></dd> <dd><i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/infield#English" title="infield"><b>in</b>field</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/infighting#English" title="infighting"><b>in</b>fighting</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/insight#English" title="insight"><b>in</b>sight</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/intalk#English" title="intalk"><b>in</b>talk</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inwork#English" title="inwork"><b>in</b>work</a></i></dd></dl> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_inward"> <a href="/wiki/inward" title="inward">Inward</a> (direction) <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbeat#English" title="inbeat"><b>in</b>beat</a></i></span> is occurring on an inward beat, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbend#English" title="inbend"><b>in</b>bend</a></i></span> is to bend or curve inwards, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incave#English" title="incave"><b>in</b>cave</a></i></span> is to cave inward</dd></dl></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_within"> <a href="/wiki/within" title="within">Within</a> (position) <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreed#English" title="inbreed"><b>in</b>breed</a></i></span> is to produce or generate within, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inburning#English" title="inburning"><b>in</b>burning</a></i></span> is burning within, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incircle#English" title="incircle"><b>in</b>circle</a></i></span> is a circle within a polygon</dd></dl></li></ol></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Synonyms">Synonyms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Synonyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">within</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/intra-#English" title="intra-">intra-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/en-#English" title="en-">en-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/em-#English" title="em-">em-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/im-#English" title="im-">im-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/end-#English" title="end-">end-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/endo-#English" title="endo-">endo-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ento-#English" title="ento-">ento-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Antonyms">Antonyms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Antonyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="qualifier-clarification">antonym(s) of </span><span class="qualifier-clarification qualifier-quote">“</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">within</span><span class="qualifier-clarification qualifier-quote">”</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/out-#English" title="out-">out-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ex-#English" title="ex-">ex-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/exo-#English" title="exo-">exo-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ecto-#English" title="ecto-">ecto-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="English_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:English terms prefixed with in-">English terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="term-list-header">terms derived from in-: toward</div><div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="4"><ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbound#English" title="inbound">inbound</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbox#English" title="inbox">inbox</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ingrown#English" title="ingrown">ingrown</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inlaid#English" title="inlaid">inlaid</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inner#English" title="inner">inner</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/input#English" title="input">input</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inside#English" title="inside">inside</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inward#English" title="inward">inward</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">terms derived from inward</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbeat#English" title="inbeat">inbeat</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbend#English" title="inbend">inbend</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incave#English" title="incave">incave</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbeat#English" title="inbeat">inbeat</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbeat#English" title="inbeat">inbeat</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbend#English" title="inbend">inbend</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbent#English" title="inbent">inbent</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbirth#English" title="inbirth">inbirth</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inblow#English" title="inblow">inblow</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inblow#English" title="inblow">inblow</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreathe#English" title="inbreathe">inbreathe</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreathe#English" title="inbreathe">inbreathe</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreathe#English" title="inbreathe">inbreathe</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbring#English" title="inbring">inbring</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">terms derived from within</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreed#English" title="inbreed">inbreed</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inburning#English" title="inburning">inburning</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incircle#English" title="incircle">incircle</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/in-between#English" title="in-between">in-between</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/in-between#English" title="in-between">in-between</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbeing#English" title="inbeing">inbeing</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreed#English" title="inbreed">inbreed</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreed#English" title="inbreed">inbreed</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inburn#English" title="inburn">inburn</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incar#English" title="incar">incar</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incaved#English" title="incaved">incaved</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incaverned#English" title="incaverned">incaverned</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incenter#English" title="incenter">incenter</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Translations">Translations</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-in,_into,_towards"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">in, into, towards</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="in, into, towards"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r81584270">.mw-parser-output .translations{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .translations-cell{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lightyellow,#FFFFe0);vertical-align:top;text-align:left}</style> <ul><li>French: <span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#French">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="fr:in-">(fr)</a></span> <span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/en-#French" title="en-">en-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/en-" class="extiw" title="fr:en-">(fr)</a></span></li> <li>Galician: <span class="Latn" lang="gl"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Galician">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://gl.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="gl:in-">(gl)</a></span></li> <li>Greek: <span class="Grek" lang="el"><a href="/wiki/%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%83-#Greek" title="εισ-">εισ-</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="el-Latn" class="tr Latn">eis-</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Grek" lang="el"><a href="/wiki/%CE%B5%CE%BD-#Greek" title="εν-">εν-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://el.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B5%CE%BD-" class="extiw" title="el:εν-">(el)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="el-Latn" class="tr Latn">en-</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Italian: <span class="Latn" lang="it"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Italian">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="it:in-">(it)</a></span></li> <li>Norwegian: <dl><dd>Bokmål: <span class="Latn" lang="nb"><a href="/wiki/inn-#Norwegian_Bokmål" title="inn-">inn-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://no.wiktionary.org/wiki/inn-" class="extiw" title="no:inn-">(no)</a></span></dd></dl></li> <li>Persian: <span class="Arab fa-Arab" lang="fa"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86#Persian" title="درون">درون</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://fa.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" class="extiw" title="fa:درون">(fa)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="fa-Latn" class="tr Latn">darun-</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Portuguese: <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/em-#Portuguese" title="em-">em-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/em-" class="extiw" title="pt:em-">(pt)</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Portuguese">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="pt:in-">(pt)</a></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English" class="extiw" title="w:Middle English">Middle English</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Middle_English">in-</a></i>, borrowed (in words of Latinate origin) from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/in#Latin" title="in">in</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/en" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/en">*en</a></i> (cognate to Germanic <a class="mw-selflink selflink">in-</a>, above). Often borrowed from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language" class="extiw" title="w:French language">French</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="fr"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#French">in-</a></i> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/incise" title="incise">incise</a>, <a href="/wiki/incite" title="incite">incite</a>, <a href="/wiki/incline" title="incline">incline</a>, <a href="/wiki/indication" title="indication">indication</a>), or as French <i class="Latn mention" lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/en-#French" title="en-">en-</a></i>, originally from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/in#Latin" title="in">in</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_2">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="en">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/in" title="in">in</a>, <a href="/wiki/into" title="into">into</a> <dl><dd>Note: Before certain letters, <i>in-</i> becomes: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/il-" title="il-">il-</a> before <i>l</i>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/illusion" title="illusion">illusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/im-" title="im-">im-</a> before <i>b</i>, <i>m</i>, or <i>p</i>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/imperil" title="imperil">imperil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ir-" title="ir-">ir-</a> before <i>r</i>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/irrigate" title="irrigate">irrigate</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_into"> <a href="/wiki/into" title="into">Into</a> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imband#English" title="imband">imband</a></i></span> is to form into a band or bands, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbar#English" title="imbar">imbar</a></i></span> is to bar in, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbarn#English" title="imbarn">imbarn</a></i></span> is to store in a barn</dd></dl></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_doing"> <a href="/wiki/doing" title="doing">Doing</a>; forming verbs. <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inblind#English" title="inblind"><b>in</b>blind</a></i></span> is to make blind, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incloister#English" title="incloister"><b>in</b>cloister</a></i></span> is to cloister</dd></dl></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_having"> <a href="/wiki/having" title="having">Having</a>, <a href="/wiki/possessing" title="possessing">possessing</a> <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbannered#English" title="imbannered">imbannered</a></i></span> is having banners, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaureole#English" title="inaureole"><b>in</b>aureole</a></i></span> is to have a halo, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incarnate#English" title="incarnate"><b>in</b>carnate</a></i></span> is be crimson</dd></dl></li></ol></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In direction sense, used in Latinate terms, and opposed by <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ex-#English" title="ex-">ex-</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/e-#English" title="e-">e-</a></i>, rather than Germanic <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/out-#English" title="out-">out-</a></i>; senses not always strict antonyms. Examples include <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/infiltrate#English" title="infiltrate">infiltrate</a></i>/<i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/exfiltrate#English" title="exfiltrate">exfiltrate</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ingress#English" title="ingress">ingress</a></i>/<i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/egress#English" title="egress">egress</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/invade#English" title="invade">invade</a></i>/<i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/evade#English" title="evade">evade</a></i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Synonyms_2">Synonyms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Synonyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">within</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/intra-#English" title="intra-">intra-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/en-#English" title="en-">en-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/em-#English" title="em-">em-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/im-#English" title="im-">im-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/end-#English" title="end-">end-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/endo-#English" title="endo-">endo-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Antonyms_2">Antonyms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Antonyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="qualifier-clarification">antonym(s) of </span><span class="qualifier-clarification qualifier-quote">“</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">within</span><span class="qualifier-clarification qualifier-quote">”</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/out-#English" title="out-">out-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ex-#English" title="ex-">ex-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/exo-#English" title="exo-">exo-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ecto-#English" title="ecto-">ecto-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_2">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="English_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:English terms prefixed with in-">English terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="term-list-header">terms derived from in-: direction</div><div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="4"><ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/infiltrate#English" title="infiltrate">infiltrate</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ingress#English" title="ingress">ingress</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/invade#English" title="invade">invade</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="term-list-header">terms derived from in-: tendency</div><div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="4"><ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inflammable#English" title="inflammable">inflammable</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">terms derived from into</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imband#English" title="imband">imband</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbar#English" title="imbar">imbar</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbarn#English" title="imbarn">imbarn</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbalsamation#English" title="imbalsamation">imbalsamation</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbound#English" title="imbound">imbound</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbox#English" title="imbox">imbox</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbeaming#English" title="inbeaming">inbeaming</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbear#English" title="inbear">inbear</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbind#English" title="inbind">inbind</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inblow#English" title="inblow">inblow</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inblow#English" title="inblow">inblow</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inblow#English" title="inblow">inblow</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreak#English" title="inbreak">inbreak</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreak#English" title="inbreak">inbreak</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbreaking#English" title="inbreaking">inbreaking</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbring#English" title="inbring">inbring</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inburn#English" title="inburn">inburn</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incantoning#English" title="incantoning">incantoning</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incask#English" title="incask">incask</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">terms derived from doing</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbland#English" title="inbland">inbland</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inblind#English" title="inblind">inblind</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incloister#English" title="incloister">incloister</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbank#English" title="imbank">imbank</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inborrow#English" title="inborrow">inborrow</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inborrow#English" title="inborrow">inborrow</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inborrow#English" title="inborrow">inborrow</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbuild#English" title="inbuild">inbuild</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inbuild#English" title="inbuild">inbuild</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inclamation#English" title="inclamation">inclamation</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">terms derived from having</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbannered#English" title="imbannered">imbannered</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaureole#English" title="inaureole">inaureole</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incarnate#English" title="incarnate">incarnate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inawe#English" title="inawe">inawe</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incarnate#English" title="incarnate">incarnate</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3">Etymology 3</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Etymology 3"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable floatright PIE-word" style="text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><th>PIE word</th></tr><tr><td><span class="Latn" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne">*ne</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English" class="extiw" title="w:Middle English">Middle English</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Middle_English">in-</a></i>, borrowed (in words of latinate origin) from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Sometimes the Latin word has passed through French before reaching English (e.g. <a href="/wiki/incapable" title="incapable">incapable</a>, <a href="/wiki/incertainty" title="incertainty">incertainty</a>, <a href="/wiki/inclement" title="inclement">inclement</a>, <a href="/wiki/incompatible" title="incompatible">incompatible</a>). <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#doublet" title="Appendix:Glossary">Doublet</a> of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/un-#English" title="un-">un-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_3">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="en">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_inverse"> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">non-productive</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> Used with certain words to <a href="/wiki/reverse" title="reverse">reverse</a> their meaning. <dl><dd>Note: Before certain letters, <i>in-</i> becomes: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ig-" title="ig-">ig-</a> before <i>n</i>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/ignoble" title="ignoble">ignoble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/il-" title="il-">il-</a> before <i>l</i>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/illegal" title="illegal">illegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/im-" title="im-">im-</a> before <i>b</i>, <i>m</i>, or <i>p</i>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/improper" title="improper">improper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ir-" title="ir-">ir-</a> before <i>r</i>, e.g. <a href="/wiki/irresistible" title="irresistible">irresistible</a></li></ul></dd></dl> <ol><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_not"> <span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">non-productive</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> Added to adjectives to mean <i><a href="/wiki/not" title="not">not</a></i>. <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/inedible" title="inedible">inedible</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/inaccurate" title="inaccurate">inaccurate</a></i></dd></dl></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_absence"> Added to nouns to mean <i><a href="/wiki/lack" title="lack">lacking</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/without" title="without">without</a></i>. <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/incredulity" title="incredulity">incredulity</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/ineptitude" title="ineptitude">ineptitude</a></i></dd></dl></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li><li class="senseid" id="English:_cannot"> <a href="/wiki/cannot" title="cannot">Cannot</a>, <a href="/wiki/unable" title="unable">unable</a>. <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inannihilable#English" title="inannihilable"><b>in</b>annihilable</a></i></span> is that cannot be annihilated, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappellable#English" title="inappellable"><b>in</b>appellable</a></i></span> is that cannot be appealed against, <span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inassimilable#English" title="inassimilable"><b>in</b>assimilable</a></i></span> is that cannot be assimilated</dd></dl></li></ol></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Synonyms_3">Synonyms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Synonyms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">not</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span><span class="ib-colon sense-qualifier-colon">:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/a-#English" title="a-">a-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/an-#English" title="an-">an-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/dys-#English" title="dys-">dys-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/i-#English" title="i-">i-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/il-#English" title="il-">il-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/im-#English" title="im-">im-</a></span>/<span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ir-#English" title="ir-">ir-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/mal-#English" title="mal-">mal-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/non-#English" title="non-">non-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/un-#English" title="un-">un-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_3">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="English_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:English terms prefixed with in-">English terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="term-list-header">terms derived from in-: reversing meaning</div><div class="list-switcher" data-toggle-category="derived terms"><div class="columns-bg term-list ul-column-count" data-column-count="4"><ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inability#English" title="inability">inability</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaccuracy#English" title="inaccuracy">inaccuracy</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaccurate#English" title="inaccurate">inaccurate</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadmissible#English" title="inadmissible">inadmissible</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inanimate#English" title="inanimate">inanimate</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incapable#English" title="incapable">incapable</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incredible#English" title="incredible">incredible</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incredulity#English" title="incredulity">incredulity</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incredulous#English" title="incredulous">incredulous</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/indefinite#English" title="indefinite">indefinite</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inedible#English" title="inedible">inedible</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ineffable#English" title="ineffable">ineffable</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inequitable#English" title="inequitable">inequitable</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/infinite#English" title="infinite">infinite</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inhospitable#English" title="inhospitable">inhospitable</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inimitable#English" title="inimitable">inimitable</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/injustice#English" title="injustice">injustice</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/insobriety#English" title="insobriety">insobriety</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/intolerance#English" title="intolerance">intolerance</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inviolable#English" title="inviolable">inviolable</a></span></li><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/invisible#English" title="invisible">invisible</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-switcher-element" data-showtext=" show more ▼ " data-hidetext=" show less ▲ " style="display:none"> </div></div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">terms derived from not</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadaptable#English" title="inadaptable">inadaptable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inamiable#English" title="inamiable">inamiable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incogent#English" title="incogent">incogent</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbalanced#English" title="imbalanced">imbalanced</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inable#English" title="inable">inable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inacceptable#English" title="inacceptable">inacceptable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaccordant#English" title="inaccordant">inaccordant</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaccuracy#English" title="inaccuracy">inaccuracy</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaccuracy#English" title="inaccuracy">inaccuracy</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaccuracy#English" title="inaccuracy">inaccuracy</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaccuracy#English" title="inaccuracy">inaccuracy</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaccurate#English" title="inaccurate">inaccurate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inacquiescent#English" title="inacquiescent">inacquiescent</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inactivate#English" title="inactivate">inactivate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inactivist#English" title="inactivist">inactivist</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadaptive#English" title="inadaptive">inadaptive</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaddible#English" title="inaddible">inaddible</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadept#English" title="inadept">inadept</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadequate#English" title="inadequate">inadequate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadequate#English" title="inadequate">inadequate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadherent#English" title="inadherent">inadherent</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadherent#English" title="inadherent">inadherent</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadmissible#English" title="inadmissible">inadmissible</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadmissible#English" title="inadmissible">inadmissible</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadmissibly#English" title="inadmissibly">inadmissibly</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadventurous#English" title="inadventurous">inadventurous</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadvisable#English" title="inadvisable">inadvisable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadvised#English" title="inadvised">inadvised</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaesthetic#English" title="inaesthetic">inaesthetic</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaffable#English" title="inaffable">inaffable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaffectation#English" title="inaffectation">inaffectation</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaffected#English" title="inaffected">inaffected</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaffectionate#English" title="inaffectionate">inaffectionate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaidable#English" title="inaidable">inaidable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inalienable#English" title="inalienable">inalienable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inalienable#English" title="inalienable">inalienable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inalimental#English" title="inalimental">inalimental</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inamicable#English" title="inamicable">inamicable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inamovable#English" title="inamovable">inamovable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inamyloid#English" title="inamyloid">inamyloid</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inangular#English" title="inangular">inangular</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inanimate#English" title="inanimate">inanimate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inanimate#English" title="inanimate">inanimate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inanimate#English" title="inanimate">inanimate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inanimated#English" title="inanimated">inanimated</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapparent#English" title="inapparent">inapparent</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappealable#English" title="inappealable">inappealable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappendiculate#English" title="inappendiculate">inappendiculate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapplicable#English" title="inapplicable">inapplicable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapposite#English" title="inapposite">inapposite</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappreciable#English" title="inappreciable">inappreciable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappreciative#English" title="inappreciative">inappreciative</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapprehensive#English" title="inapprehensive">inapprehensive</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapproachable#English" title="inapproachable">inapproachable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappropriable#English" title="inappropriable">inappropriable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappropriate#English" title="inappropriate">inappropriate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappropriate#English" title="inappropriate">inappropriate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarable#English" title="inarable">inarable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarguable#English" title="inarguable">inarguable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inartful#English" title="inartful">inartful</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarticulable#English" title="inarticulable">inarticulable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarticulate#English" title="inarticulate">inarticulate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarticulate#English" title="inarticulate">inarticulate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarticulated#English" title="inarticulated">inarticulated</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarticulated#English" title="inarticulated">inarticulated</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarticulation#English" title="inarticulation">inarticulation</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarticulation#English" title="inarticulation">inarticulation</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inartificial#English" title="inartificial">inartificial</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inartistic#English" title="inartistic">inartistic</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaspirable#English" title="inaspirable">inaspirable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaudible#English" title="inaudible">inaudible</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inauspicious#English" title="inauspicious">inauspicious</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inauthentic#English" title="inauthentic">inauthentic</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inauthoritative#English" title="inauthoritative">inauthoritative</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inavertible#English" title="inavertible">inavertible</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inavoidable#English" title="inavoidable">inavoidable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incalculable#English" title="incalculable">incalculable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incalculable#English" title="incalculable">incalculable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incalculable#English" title="incalculable">incalculable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incapable#English" title="incapable">incapable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incapable#English" title="incapable">incapable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incapable#English" title="incapable">incapable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incapacious#English" title="incapacious">incapacious</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incapacity#English" title="incapacity">incapacity</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incautelous#English" title="incautelous">incautelous</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incautious#English" title="incautious">incautious</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incelibacy#English" title="incelibacy">incelibacy</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incelibate#English" title="incelibate">incelibate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incensurable#English" title="incensurable">incensurable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incertain#English" title="incertain">incertain</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inchangeability#English" title="inchangeability">inchangeability</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inchaste#English" title="inchaste">inchaste</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incircumscription#English" title="incircumscription">incircumscription</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incircumspect#English" title="incircumspect">incircumspect</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incirrate#English" title="incirrate">incirrate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incivil#English" title="incivil">incivil</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incoagulable#English" title="incoagulable">incoagulable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incoalescence#English" title="incoalescence">incoalescence</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incoercible#English" title="incoercible">incoercible</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incoercible#English" title="incoercible">incoercible</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incoercible#English" title="incoercible">incoercible</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incoexistence#English" title="incoexistence">incoexistence</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incogitative#English" title="incogitative">incogitative</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incognizable#English" title="incognizable">incognizable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inimicable#English" title="inimicable">inimicable</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">terms derived from absence</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inactivism#English" title="inactivism">inactivism</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappetent#English" title="inappetent">inappetent</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inclarity#English" title="inclarity">inclarity</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/imbonity#English" title="imbonity">imbonity</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inability#English" title="inability">inability</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inability#English" title="inability">inability</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inabstinence#English" title="inabstinence">inabstinence</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaccess#English" title="inaccess">inaccess</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inacquaintance#English" title="inacquaintance">inacquaintance</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaction#English" title="inaction">inaction</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadaptation#English" title="inadaptation">inadaptation</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inadhesion#English" title="inadhesion">inadhesion</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/in%C3%A6sthetical#English" title="inæsthetical">inæsthetical</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inanimate#English" title="inanimate">inanimate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inanimation#English" title="inanimation">inanimation</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaperturate#English" title="inaperturate">inaperturate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapparency#English" title="inapparency">inapparency</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappetence#English" title="inappetence">inappetence</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapplication#English" title="inapplication">inapplication</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappreciation#English" title="inappreciation">inappreciation</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapprehension#English" title="inapprehension">inapprehension</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inartistic#English" title="inartistic">inartistic</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inattendance#English" title="inattendance">inattendance</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inattentive#English" title="inattentive">inattentive</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incaution#English" title="incaution">incaution</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incelebrity#English" title="incelebrity">incelebrity</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inchastity#English" title="inchastity">inchastity</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incivil#English" title="incivil">incivil</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incivism#English" title="incivism">incivism</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/incognizance#English" title="incognizance">incognizance</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="text-align: left;">terms derived from cannot</div> <div class="NavContent derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="2" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inannihilable#English" title="inannihilable">inannihilable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappellable#English" title="inappellable">inappellable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inassimilable#English" title="inassimilable">inassimilable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inactinic#English" title="inactinic">inactinic</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inaddibility#English" title="inaddibility">inaddibility</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inalterable#English" title="inalterable">inalterable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inappeasable#English" title="inappeasable">inappeasable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapprehensible#English" title="inapprehensible">inapprehensible</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inapproximable#English" title="inapproximable">inapproximable</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inarticulate#English" title="inarticulate">inarticulate</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/inattributable#English" title="inattributable">inattributable</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Related_terms">Related terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Related terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/em-#English" title="em-">em-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/en-#English" title="en-">en-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Translations_2">Translations</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="NavFrame" id="Translations-reversal_of_meaning"><div class="NavHead" style="text-align:left">reversal of meaning</div><div class="NavContent"><table class="translations" role="presentation" data-gloss="reversal of meaning"><tbody><tr><td class="translations-cell multicolumn-list" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r81584270"> <ul><li>Armenian: <span class="Armn" lang="hy"><a href="/wiki/%D5%A1%D5%B6-#Armenian" title="ան-">ան-</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="hy-Latn" class="tr Latn">an-</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Catalan: <span class="Latn" lang="ca"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Catalan">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="ca:in-">(ca)</a></span></li> <li>Czech: <span class="Latn" lang="cs"><a href="/wiki/ne-#Czech" title="ne-">ne-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/ne-" class="extiw" title="cs:ne-">(cs)</a></span></li> <li>Esperanto: <span class="Latn" lang="eo"><a href="/wiki/mal-#Esperanto" title="mal-">mal-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://eo.wiktionary.org/wiki/mal-" class="extiw" title="eo:mal-">(eo)</a></span></li> <li>Finnish: <span class="Latn" lang="fi"><a href="/wiki/ep%C3%A4-#Finnish" title="epä-">epä-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://fi.wiktionary.org/wiki/ep%C3%A4-" class="extiw" title="fi:epä-">(fi)</a></span></li> <li>French: <span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#French">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="fr:in-">(fr)</a></span></li> <li>Greek: <span class="Grek" lang="el"><a href="/wiki/%CE%B1-#Greek" title="α-">α-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://el.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B1-" class="extiw" title="el:α-">(el)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="el-Latn" class="tr Latn">a-</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Grek" lang="el"><a href="/wiki/%CE%B1%CE%BD-#Greek" title="αν-">αν-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://el.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%B1%CE%BD-" class="extiw" title="el:αν-">(el)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="el-Latn" class="tr Latn">an-</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Hebrew: <span class="Hebr" lang="he"><a href="/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99#Hebrew" title="אי">אִי</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://he.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99" class="extiw" title="he:אי">(he)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="he-Latn" class="tr Latn">i</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="Hebr" lang="he"><a href="/wiki/%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%99#Hebrew" title="בלתי">בִּלְתִּי</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://he.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%99" class="extiw" title="he:בלתי">(he)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="he-Latn" class="tr Latn">bílti</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Ido: <span class="Latn" lang="io"><a href="/wiki/ne-#Ido" title="ne-">ne-</a></span></li> <li>Indonesian: <span class="Latn" lang="id"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Indonesian">in-</a></span></li> <li>Italian: <span class="Latn" lang="it"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Italian">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="it:in-">(it)</a></span></li> <li>Japanese: <span class="Jpan" lang="ja"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D#Japanese" title="不">不</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8D" class="extiw" title="ja:不">(ja)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="tr">ふ, fu</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Norwegian: <dl><dd>Bokmål: <span class="Latn" lang="no"><a href="/wiki/ikke#Norwegian" title="ikke">ikke-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://no.wiktionary.org/wiki/ikke" class="extiw" title="no:ikke">(no)</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="no"><a href="/wiki/u-#Norwegian" title="u-">u-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://no.wiktionary.org/wiki/u-" class="extiw" title="no:u-">(no)</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="no"><a href="/wiki/van-#Norwegian" title="van-">van-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://no.wiktionary.org/wiki/van-" class="extiw" title="no:van-">(no)</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="no"><a href="/wiki/mis-#Norwegian" title="mis-">mis-</a></span></dd> <dd>Nynorsk: <span class="Latn" lang="nn"><a href="/wiki/ikkje#Norwegian_Nynorsk" title="ikkje">ikkje-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://nn.wiktionary.org/wiki/ikkje" class="extiw" title="nn:ikkje">(nn)</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="nn"><a href="/wiki/u-#Norwegian_Nynorsk" title="u-">u-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="nn"><a href="/wiki/van-#Norwegian_Nynorsk" title="van-">van-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="nn"><a href="/wiki/mis-#Norwegian_Nynorsk" title="mis-">mis-</a></span></dd></dl></li> <li>Polish: <span class="Latn" lang="pl"><a href="/wiki/nie-#Polish" title="nie-">nie-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/nie-" class="extiw" title="pl:nie-">(pl)</a></span></li> <li>Portuguese: <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Portuguese">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="pt:in-">(pt)</a></span></li> <li>Russian: <span class="Cyrl" lang="ru"><a href="/wiki/%D0%BD%D0%B5#Russian" title="не">не</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BD%D0%B5" class="extiw" title="ru:не">(ru)</a></span> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ru-Latn" class="tr Latn">ne</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></li> <li>Spanish: <span class="Latn" lang="es"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Spanish">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="es:in-">(es)</a></span></li> <li>Swedish: <span class="Latn" lang="sv"><a href="/wiki/o-#Swedish" title="o-">o-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/o-" class="extiw" title="sv:o-">(sv)</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="sv"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Swedish">in-</a></span><span class="tpos"> <a href="https://sv.wiktionary.org/wiki/in-" class="extiw" title="sv:in-">(sv)</a></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="See_also">See also</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/a-#English" title="a-">a-</a></span> <i>(Greek)</i></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/an-#English" title="an-">an-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/non-#English" title="non-">non-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/un-#English" title="un-">un-</a></span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/wan-#English" title="wan-">wan-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anagrams">Anagrams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Anagrams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/N.I.#English" title="N.I.">N.I.</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/NI#English" title="NI">NI</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ni#English" title="ni">ni</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catalan">Catalan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Catalan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#loanword" title="Appendix:Glossary">Borrowed</a> from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">un-, not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_4">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="ca">in-</strong> (<i>before l</i> <b class="Latn" lang="ca"><a href="/wiki/il-#Catalan" title="il-">il-</a></b>, <i>before b, m, or p</i> <b class="Latn" lang="ca"><a href="/wiki/im-#Catalan" title="im-">im-</a></b>, <i>before r</i> <b class="Latn" lang="ca"><a href="/wiki/ir-#Catalan" title="ir-">ir-</a></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/un-" title="un-">un-</a> <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">reversal of meaning or lack of an attribute</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_4">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Catalan_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Catalan_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Catalan terms prefixed with in-">Catalan terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dutch">Dutch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Dutch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_4">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/in#Dutch" title="in">in</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_2">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio<span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-in-.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Nl-in-.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/43/Nl-in-.ogg/Nl-in-.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:Nl-in-.ogg" title="File:Nl-in-.ogg">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_5">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="nl">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/prepend" title="prepend">prepended</a> to a noun or adjective, it reinforces the quality signified thereby</li> <li><a href="/wiki/prepend" title="prepend">prepended</a> to an adjective to negate its meaning; occurs mostly in borrowed terms from French: <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/un-" title="un-">un-</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_5">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="nl"><a href="/wiki/in_en_in#Dutch" title="in en in">in en in</a></span></li></ul> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Dutch_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Dutch_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Dutch terms prefixed with in-">Dutch terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="French">French</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: French"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_5">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul id="French:_un"></ul><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80869814">.mw-parser-output .etytree{width:max-content;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;box-sizing:border-box}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .etytree{min-width:min-content}@media screen and (max-width:719px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .etytree{width:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .etytree .NavHead>div{width:unset!important}}</style><div class="etytree NavFrame" data-etytree-height="5" data-etytree-width="1"><div class="NavHead" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lightergrey,#eeeeee);color:inherit"><div style="width:25em">Etymology tree</div></div><div class="NavContent" style="overflow:auto"><div style="width:fit-content;margin:auto;padding:0.5em;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center"><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Proto-Indo-European</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne#Proto-Indo-European:_not" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne">*ne</a></i></span></div><span style="position:relative;height:20px;border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e)"></span><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Proto-Indo-European</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n%CC%A5-#Proto-Indo-European:_not" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n̥-">*n̥-</a></i></span></div><span style="position:relative;height:20px;border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e)"></span><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Proto-Italic</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/%C9%99n-#Proto-Italic:_un" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ən-">*ən-</a></i></span></div><span style="position:relative;height:20px;border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e)"></span><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Latin</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin:_un">in-</a></i></span><span style="z-index:1;position:absolute;transform:translate(-50%);top:calc(100% + 5px);left:50%;border-radius:2px;background:var(--wikt-palette-cyan,#eaffff);color:inherit;font-size:12px;height:10px;line-height:10px"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#borrowing" title="Appendix:Glossary"><abbr title="borrowing" style="color:var(--wikt-palette-black,#202122);font-style:italic;text-decoration:none">bor.</abbr></a></span></div><span style="position:relative;height:20px;border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e)"></span><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">French</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="fr"><b>in-</b></i></span></div></div></div></div><p><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#borrowing" title="Appendix:Glossary">Borrowed</a> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin:_un">in-</a></i>, from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Italic language">Proto-Italic</a> <i class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/%C9%99n-#Proto-Italic:_un" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ən-">*ən-</a></i>, from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n%CC%A5-#Proto-Indo-European:_not" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n̥-">*n̥-</a></i>, from <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne#Proto-Indo-European:_not" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne">*ne</a></i>. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_3">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:French_pronunciation" title="Appendix:French pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">before a consonant</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <span class="IPA">/ɛ̃/</span>, <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">before a vowel</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <span class="IPA">/in/</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r50165410"><table class="audiotable" style="vertical-align: middle; display: inline-block; list-style: none; line-height: 1em; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0;"><tbody><tr><td>Audio<span class="ib-colon qualifier-colon">:</span></td><td class="audiofile"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="175" style="width:175px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-in-.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/67/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-in-.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></td><td class="audiometa" style="font-size: 80%;">(<a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q150_(fra)-WikiLucas00-in-.wav" title="File:LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-in-.wav">file</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_6">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="fr">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/un-" title="un-">un-</a> <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">indicates negation</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_6">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="French_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:French_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:French terms prefixed with in-">French terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnrtl.fr/definition/in-/">in-</a>”, in <cite><span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A9sor_de_la_langue_fran%C3%A7aise_informatis%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="w:Trésor de la langue française informatisé">Trésor de la langue française informatisé</a></span> <span style="font-style: normal;">[</span>Digitized Treasury of the French Language<span style="font-style: normal;">]</span></cite>, <span class="None" lang="und">2012</span></span></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="German">German</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: German"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_4">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:German_pronunciation" title="Appendix:German pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ɪn/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1_2">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ultimately from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/in" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/in">*in</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/en" class="mw-redirect" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/en">*en</a></i>. More at <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/in#German" title="in">in</a></i> and <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/inne-#German" title="inne-">inne-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_7">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="de">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#rare" title="Appendix:Glossary">rare</a><span class="ib-comma">,</span> only in nouns</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/in" title="in">in</a>, <a href="/wiki/inside" title="inside">inside</a>, <a href="/wiki/interior" title="interior">interior</a> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Land#German" title="Land">Land</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">land</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Inland#German" title="Inland">Inland</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">domestic territory</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Schrift#German" title="Schrift">Schrift</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">writing</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Inschrift#German" title="Inschrift">Inschrift</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">inscription</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Sasse#German" title="Sasse">Sasse</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">someone who sits</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Insasse#German" title="Insasse">Insasse</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">passenger, inhabitant</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Begriff#German" title="Begriff">Begriff</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">concept</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Inbegriff#German" title="Inbegriff">Inbegriff</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">embodiment</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes_2">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i class="Latn mention" lang="de">In-</i> is more frequent in nominalisations of verbal phrases: <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/w/index.php?title=in_Betrieb_nehmen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="in Betrieb nehmen (page does not exist)">in Betrieb nehmen</a></i> → <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Inbetriebnahme#German" title="Inbetriebnahme">Inbetriebnahme</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/w/index.php?title=in_Stand_setzen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="in Stand setzen (page does not exist)">in Stand setzen</a></i> → <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Instandsetzung#German" title="Instandsetzung">Instandsetzung</a></i>. However, these formations cannot be considered to involve a prefix, but rather the preposition <i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/in#German" title="in">in</a></i> directly.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Alternative_forms_2">Alternative forms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/inne-#German" title="inne-">inne-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">in verbs</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Related_terms_2">Related terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Related terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/ein-#German" title="ein-">ein-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/inner-#German" title="inner-">inner-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/binnen-#German" title="binnen-">binnen-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_2">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#loanword" title="Appendix:Glossary">Borrowed</a> from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_8">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="de">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">rarely productive<span class="ib-comma">,</span> only with Latinate stems</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/in" title="in">in</a>, <a href="/wiki/into" title="into">into</a> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/filtrieren#German" title="filtrieren">filtrieren</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to filter</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/infiltrieren#German" title="infiltrieren">infiltrieren</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to infiltrate</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3_2">Etymology 3</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Etymology 3"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#loanword" title="Appendix:Glossary">Borrowed</a> from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_9">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="de">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">rarely productive<span class="ib-comma">,</span> only with Latinate stems</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="#English">in-</a>, <a href="/wiki/un-" title="un-">un-</a> <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">indicates negation</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span> <dl><dd><span class="nyms synonym"><span class="defdate">Synonyms:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/un-#German" title="un-">un-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/nicht-#German" title="nicht-">nicht-</a></span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/konsequent#German" title="konsequent">konsequent</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">consistent</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="de"><a href="/wiki/inkonsequent#German" title="inkonsequent">inkonsequent</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">inconsistent</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_7">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="German_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:German_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:German terms prefixed with in-">German terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/in__nicht_ohne_Verneinung">in-</a>” in <i>Duden</i> online</li> <li>“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dwds.de/?q=in-">in-</a>” in <i>Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gothic">Gothic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Gothic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romanization">Romanization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Romanization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="got">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention">Romanization of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Goth mention" lang="got"><a href="/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD-#Gothic" title="𐌹𐌽-">𐌹𐌽-</a></i></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indonesian">Indonesian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Indonesian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_6">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_language" class="extiw" title="w:Dutch language">Dutch</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Dutch">in-</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language" class="extiw" title="w:French language">French</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="fr"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#French">in-</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">un-, not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_5">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Indonesian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Indonesian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[ɪn]</span></li> <li>Hyphenation: <span class="Latn" lang="id">in</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_10">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="id">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="Latn" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></span>: used with certain words to reverse their meaning.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_8">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Indonesian_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesian_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Indonesian terms prefixed with in-">Indonesian terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading_2">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/in-">in-</a>” in <cite>Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia</cite>, Jakarta: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agency_for_Language_Development_and_Cultivation" class="extiw" title="w:Agency for Language Development and Cultivation">Agency for Language Development and Cultivation</a> – <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Education,_Culture,_Research,_and_Technology" class="extiw" title="w:Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology">Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia</a>, 2016.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Irish">Irish</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Irish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1_3">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="etymid" id="Irish:_able"></span> From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Irish" class="extiw" title="w:Old Irish">Old Irish</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Old_Irish:_able">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">-able</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_11">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="ga">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/productive" title="productive">productive</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/able" title="able">able</a> to, <a href="/wiki/-able" title="-able">-able</a> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">+ past participle</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <dl><dd><span class="nyms antonym"><span class="defdate">Antonym:</span> <span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/do-#Irish" title="do-">do-</a></span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/ite#Irish" title="ite">ite</a></i> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/inite#Irish" title="inite">inite</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">edible</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/d%C3%A9anta#Irish" title="déanta">déanta</a></i> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ind%C3%A9anta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="indéanta (page does not exist)">indéanta</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">doable</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li>able to, -able, <a href="/wiki/fit" title="fit">fit</a> for, fit to be <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">+ genitive of a (verbal) noun</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/feidhm#Irish" title="feidhm">feidhm</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">function</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/infheidhme#Irish" title="infheidhme">infheidhme</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">able to function, serviceable</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/aistear#Irish" title="aistear">aistear</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">journey</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=inaistir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="inaistir (page does not exist)">inaistir</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">seaworthy</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/leigheas#Irish" title="leigheas">leigheas</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">healing</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=inleighis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="inleighis (page does not exist)">inleighis</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">curable</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_3">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="etymid" id="Irish:_in"></span> A prefixed form of the preposition <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/i#Irish" title="i">i</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">in</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Partly inherited from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Irish" class="extiw" title="w:Old Irish">Old Irish</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Old_Irish:_in">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">in</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, e.g. <span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/ceann#Irish" title="ceann">ceann</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">head</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/inchinn#Irish" title="inchinn">inchinn</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">brain</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span>, but most words with this suffix are loans or loan translations of ultimately Latin or Greek origin, e.g. <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ionsc%C3%B3p&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ionscóp (page does not exist)">ionscóp</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">endoscope</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>‚ <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ionsoilsigh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ionsoilsigh (page does not exist)">ionsoilsigh</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">illuminate</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_12">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="ga">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/en-" title="en-">en-</a>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/il-#English" title="il-">il-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/im-#English" title="im-">im-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ir-#English" title="ir-">ir-</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/endo-" title="endo-">endo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/intra-" title="intra-">intra-</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Alternative_forms_3">Alternative forms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/ion-#Irish" title="ion-">ion-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">broad</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Derived_terms_9">Derived terms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Irish_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Irish terms prefixed with in-">Irish terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mutation">Mutation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: Mutation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="inflection-table-wrapper inflection-table-narrow inflection-table-orange" style="width: fit-content" data-toggle-category="inflection"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82815921">.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper{padding:3px;margin:0.5em 0;background:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue);border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper.inflection-table-narrow{}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper.inflection-table-no-title{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper>table{display:table;width:100%;margin:0;text-align:center;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey-6);background:var(--wikt-palette-white)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper>table>caption{display:table-caption;background:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue);text-align:left;font-size:95%;padding:0.1em 0.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper>table>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper>table>tbody>tr>th{padding:0.15em 0.6em;border:solid var(--wikt-palette-grey-6);border-width:0 1px 1px 0}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper>table>tbody>tr>td:not(.secondary):not(.separator),.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper>table>tbody>tr>th:not(.secondary):not(.separator){min-width:5em}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper>table>tbody>tr>td.secondary{background:var(--wikt-palette-lightergrey)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper>table>tbody>tr>th.secondary,.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper>table>tbody>tr>th.outer{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper .separator{height:0.5em;width:0.5em;min-height:0.5em;min-width:0.5em;padding:0;background:var(--wikt-palette-paleblue)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper .separator[rowspan]{border-top:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-paleblue);border-bottom:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-paleblue)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper .separator[colspan]{border-left:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-paleblue);border-right:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-paleblue)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-notes{text-align:left;margin:0.2em 0.5em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-notes p{margin:0.5em 0 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsed>table,.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsed>table>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsed>table>tbody>tr>th{border-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsed>table>tbody{visibility:collapse}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsed>table>caption{margin-bottom:-0.15em}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsed .inflection-table-notes{display:none}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsible.no-vc.inflection-table-collapsed{max-height:1.5em;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsible.no-vc.inflection-table-collapsed>table>tbody{visibility:hidden}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsible.no-vc>table>caption{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .no-vc-spacer{display:inline-block;width:4em}@media all and (max-width:639px){.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper.inflection-table-narrow{position:relative;overflow:auto;max-width:100%;width:auto!important}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-collapsed tbody{display:none}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper .NavToggle{position:sticky;right:0.5em;background:inherit}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper.sticky-left-column>table>tbody>tr>th:first-child{position:sticky;left:-4px;max-width:35vw}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper.inflection-table-no-title.sticky-left-column>table>tbody>tr>th:first-child{left:-1px}}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper table span.tr{color:var(--wikt-palette-darkgrey)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper table span.tr:before{content:"\a ";white-space:pre}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-wrapper table span.mention-gloss-paren{display:none}.mw-parser-output .inflection-box>table{background:none;border:0}.mw-parser-output .inflection-box>table>tbody>tr>td{padding:0 0.2em;border:0;vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .inflection-box .inflection-table-wrapper{display:inline-block;vertical-align:top;margin:0.2em 0.1em}.mw-parser-output .inflection-box .inflection-table-wrapper>table.inflection-table{background:var(--wikt-palette-white)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-box.flow-vertical .inflection-table-wrapper{display:block;width:auto!important}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-red.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-red-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-red th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-red-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-red th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-red-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-red th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-red-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-scarlet.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-scarlet-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-scarlet th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-scarlet-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-scarlet th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-scarlet-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-scarlet th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-scarlet-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-orange.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-orange-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-orange th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-orange-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-orange th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-orange-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-orange th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-orange-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-amber.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-amber-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-amber th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-amber-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-amber th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-amber-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-amber th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-amber-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-yellow.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-yellow-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-yellow th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-yellow-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-yellow th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-yellow-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-yellow th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-yellow-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-lime.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lime-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-lime th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lime-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-lime th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lime-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-lime th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-lime-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-green.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-green-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-green th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-green-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-green th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-green-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-green th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-green-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-teal.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-teal-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-teal th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-teal-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-teal th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-teal-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-teal th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-teal-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-cyan.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-cyan th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-cyan th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-cyan th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-cyan-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-blue.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-blue-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-blue th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-blue-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-blue th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-blue-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-blue th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-blue-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-indigo.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-indigo-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-indigo th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-indigo-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-indigo th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-indigo-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-indigo th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-indigo-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-purple.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-purple-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-purple th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-purple-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-purple th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-purple-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-purple th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-purple-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-magenta.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-magenta-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-magenta th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-magenta-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-magenta th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-magenta-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-magenta th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-magenta-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-rose.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-rose-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-rose th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-rose-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-rose th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-rose-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-rose th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-rose-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-grey.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-grey-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-grey th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-grey-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-grey th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-grey-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-grey th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-grey-4)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-brown.inflection-table-no-title table{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-brown-0)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-brown th.secondary{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-brown-1)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-brown th{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-brown-2)}.mw-parser-output .inflection-table-brown th.outer{background-color:var(--wikt-palette-brown-4)}</style> <table class="inflection-table"> <caption class="inflection-table-title"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Irish_mutations" title="Appendix:Irish mutations">Mutated forms</a> of <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">in-</i> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>radical</th> <th>eclipsis</th> <th>with <i>h</i>-prothesis</th> <th>with <i>t</i>-prothesis </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><strong class="selflink">in-</strong></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=n-in-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="n-in- (page does not exist)">n-in-</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/hin-#Irish" title="hin-">hin-</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="ga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=t-in-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="t-in- (page does not exist)">t-in-</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="inflection-table-notes"> <p style="font-size:85%;"><i>Note:</i> Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.<br />All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.</p> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading_3">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=68" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niall_%C3%93_D%C3%B3naill" class="extiw" title="w:Niall Ó Dónaill">Ó Dónaill, Niall</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1977</span>) “<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.teanglann.ie/en/fgb/in-">in-</a>”, in <cite>Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla</cite>, Dublin: An Gúm, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781857910384" title="Special:BookSources/9781857910384">→ISBN</a></small></span></span></li> <li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.focloir.ie/en/search/ei/adv?q=in-&inlanguage=ga">in-</a>”, in <cite>New English-Irish Dictionary</cite>, Foras na Gaeilge, <span class="None" lang="und">2013-2024</span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Italian">Italian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=69" title="Edit section: Italian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_forms_4">Alternative forms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=70" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/im-#Italian" title="im-">im-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">assimilated form before <a href="/wiki/b" title="b">b</a>-/<a href="/wiki/m" title="m">m</a>-/<a href="/wiki/p" title="p">p</a>-</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/il-#Italian" title="il-">il-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">assimilated form before <a href="/wiki/l" title="l">l</a>-</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/ir-#Italian" title="ir-">ir-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">assimilated form before <a href="/wiki/r" title="r">r</a>-</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_6">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=71" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Italian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Italian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/in/</span> <ul><li>Hyphenation: <span class="Latn" lang="it">in-</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Italian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Italian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[iɱ]</span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">before <i>f</i> or <i>v</i></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Italian_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Italian pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[iŋ]</span> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">before <i>c</i> or <i>g</i></span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1_4">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=72" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i>, a prefixation of <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/in#Latin" title="in">in</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">in, into</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, ultimately from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%81%C3%A9n" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁én">*h₁én</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_13">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=73" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="it">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">forms verbs</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">used to denote derivation</span></span></li> <li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#obsolete" title="Appendix:Glossary">obsolete</a><span class="ib-comma">,</span> <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#rare" title="Appendix:Glossary">rare</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">used as an intensifier</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes_3">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=74" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The prefix is used together with a verbal ending suffix to derive <a href="/wiki/causative" title="causative">causative</a> verbs from adjectives or nouns:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Examples: <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/arido#Italian" title="arido">arido</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">dry”, “arid</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/inaridire#Italian" title="inaridire">inaridire</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to parch”, “to dry up</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/fiamma#Italian" title="fiamma">fiamma</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">flame</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/infiammare#Italian" title="infiammare">infiammare</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to enflame”, “to kindle</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>When used with verbs, it's usually a reflection of derivation in Latin, and retains the original meaning of “into”, “inside”:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Example: <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/fondere#Italian" title="fondere">fondere</a></i> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/infondere#Italian" title="infondere">infondere</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to infuse”, “to instill</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span> (cfr. <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/infundere#Latin" title="infundere">īnfundere</a></i>)</dd></dl> <ul><li>In some cases, the meaning of “into” can also be found in verbs of modern derivation:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Example: <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/carcere#Italian" title="carcere">carcere</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">jail”, “prison</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/incarcerare#Italian" title="incarcerare">incarcerare</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to imprison”, “to incarcerate</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_4">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=75" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">un-, not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n%CC%A5-" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n̥-">*n̥-</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/zero-grade" title="zero-grade">zero grade</a> form of the sentence negative <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne">*ne</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_14">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=76" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="it">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">used to denote negation or opposition or privation</span></span>; <a href="/wiki/un-" title="un-">un-</a>; <a href="/wiki/in#English" title="in">in-</a>; <a href="/wiki/a-#Etymology_5" title="a-">a-</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes_4">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=77" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The suffix is usually found in adjectives (and nouns therefrom derived):</li></ul> <dl><dd>Examples: <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/coerente#Italian" title="coerente">coerente</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">coherent”, “consistent</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/incoerente#Italian" title="incoerente">incoerente</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">incoherent”, “inconsistent</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/abile#Italian" title="abile">abile</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">able”, “capable</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/inabile#Italian" title="inabile">inabile</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">unable”, “incapable</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/felice#Italian" title="felice">felice</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">happy</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/infelice#Italian" title="infelice">infelice</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">unhappy</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/desiderabile#Italian" title="desiderabile">desiderabile</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">desirable; advisable</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/indesiderabile#Italian" title="indesiderabile">indesiderabile</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">undesirable, unwelcome</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>More rarely, it is found in adjectives derived from nouns:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Example: <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/colore#Italian" title="colore">colore</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">colour/color</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/incolore#Italian" title="incolore">incolore</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">uncoloured/uncolored</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_10">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=78" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Italian_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Italian terms prefixed with in-">Italian terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anagrams_2">Anagrams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=79" title="Edit section: Anagrams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/ni#Italian" title="ni">ni</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/n%C3%AC#Italian" title="nì">nì</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Latin">Latin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=80" title="Edit section: Latin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_7">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=81" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Classical Latin">Classical Latin</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Latin pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/in/</span>, <span class="IPA">[ɪn]</span></li> <li><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and_orthography#Ecclesiastical_pronunciation" class="extiw" title="w:Latin phonology and orthography">modern Italianate Ecclesiastical</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Latin_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Latin pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/in/</span>, <span class="IPA">[in]</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1_5">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=82" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="etymid" id="Latin:_not"></span> </p> <ul id="Latin:_un"></ul><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80869814"><div class="etytree NavFrame" data-etytree-height="4" data-etytree-width="1"><div class="NavHead" style="background:var(--wikt-palette-lightergrey,#eeeeee);color:inherit"><div style="width:25em">Etymology tree</div></div><div class="NavContent" style="overflow:auto"><div style="width:fit-content;margin:auto;padding:0.5em;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center"><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Proto-Indo-European</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne#Proto-Indo-European:_not" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne">*ne</a></i></span></div><span style="position:relative;height:20px;border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e)"></span><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Proto-Indo-European</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n%CC%A5-#Proto-Indo-European:_not" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n̥-">*n̥-</a></i></span></div><span style="position:relative;height:20px;border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e)"></span><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Proto-Italic</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/%C9%99n-#Proto-Italic:_un" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ən-">*ən-</a></i></span></div><span style="position:relative;height:20px;border-right:2px solid var(--wikt-palette-grey,#9e9e9e)"></span><div style="position:relative;text-align:center;padding:5px 10px;background:var(--wikt-palette-beige,#fffbf2);color:inherit;border:1px solid var(--wikt-palette-lightgrey,#ccc);border-radius:4px"><span style="display:inline-block" class="etyl">Latin</span> <span style="display:inline-block"><i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><b>in-</b></i></span></div></div></div></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Italic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Italic language">Proto-Italic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="itc-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/%C9%99n-" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ən-">*ən-</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n%CC%A5-" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/n̥-">*n̥-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#zero-grade" title="Appendix:Glossary">zero-grade</a> form of the negative particle <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne">*ne</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Akin to <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/ne-#Latin" title="ne-">ne-</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/ne#Latin" title="ne">nē</a></i>, <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/ni#Latin" title="ni">nī</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_15">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=83" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/un-" title="un-">un-</a>, <a href="/wiki/non-" title="non-">non-</a>, <a href="/wiki/not" title="not">not</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes_5">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=84" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Affixed primarily to adjectives. </p><p>The pronunciation or spelling of the prefix may be changed in some situations: </p> <ul><li>Before <i>b</i>, <i>p</i> or <i>m</i>, it may become <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/im-#Latin" title="im-">im-</a></i>. The spelling <i>in-</i> is also found in this context. <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/barba#Latin" title="barba">barba</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">beard</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/imberbis#Latin" title="imberbis">imberbis</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">beardless</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span> or <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/inberbis#Latin" title="inberbis">inberbis</a></i>.</dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/patiens#Latin" title="patiens">patiēns</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">patient</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/impatiens#Latin" title="impatiens">impatiēns</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">impatient</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span> or <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/inpatiens#Latin" title="inpatiens">inpatiēns</a></i>.</dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/maturus#Latin" title="maturus">mātūrus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">mature</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/immaturus#Latin" title="immaturus">immātūrus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">immature</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span> or <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=inmaturus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="inmaturus (page does not exist)">inmātūrus</a></i>.</dd></dl></li> <li>Before <i>l</i> or <i>r</i>, it may become <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/il-#Latin" title="il-">il-</a></i> or <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/ir-#Latin" title="ir-">ir-</a></i>, respectively. These assimilations only became usual in post-Augustan Latin: until a late date, the usual Roman spellings were <i>inl-</i> and <i>inr-</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/laboratus#Latin" title="laboratus">labōrātus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">worked, toilsome</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=illaboratus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="illaboratus (page does not exist)">illabōrātus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">unworked, uncultivated</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span> (post-Augustan) or <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=inlaboratus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="inlaboratus (page does not exist)">inlabōrātus</a></i>.</dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/reverens#Latin" title="reverens">reverēns</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">reverent</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/irreverens#Latin" title="irreverens">irreverēns</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">irreverent</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span> (post-Augustan) or <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/inreverens#Latin" title="inreverens">inreverēns</a></i>.</dd></dl></li> <li>Before <i>gn</i> and sometimes <i>n</i>, it becomes <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/ig-#Latin" title="ig-">ig-</a></i> (pronounced <span class="IPA">[ɪŋ-]</span>). <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/gnarus#Latin" title="gnarus">gnārus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">knowlegable</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/ignarus#Latin" title="ignarus">ignārus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">ignorant</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/nomen#Latin" title="nomen">nōmen</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">name</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/ignominia#Latin" title="ignominia">ignōminia</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">dishonor</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li>Before <i>f</i> or <i>s</i>, it becomes <i>īn-</i> (pronounced <span class="IPA">[ĩː-]</span>). <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/finitus#Latin" title="finitus">fīnītus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">finite</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/infinitus#Latin" title="infinitus">īnfīnītus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">endless, infinite</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/sanus#Latin" title="sanus">sānus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">healthy, sane</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/insanus#Latin" title="insanus">īnsānus</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">mad, insane</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li>Before <i>g</i>, <i>c</i> or <i>q</i>, the spelling remains <i>in-</i>, but the pronunciation becomes <span class="IPA">[ɪŋ-]</span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_11">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=85" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/in-_-is#Latin" title="in- -is">in- -is</a></span></li></ul> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Latin_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(not)" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(not)" title="Category:Latin terms prefixed with in- (not)">Latin terms prefixed with in- (not)</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Descendants">Descendants</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=86" title="Edit section: Descendants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Catalan: <span class="Latn" lang="ca"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Catalan">in-</a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68481116">.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title]{cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .desc-arr[title="uncertain"]{font-size:.7em;vertical-align:super}</style> (sometimes <span class="Latn" lang="ca"><a href="/wiki/i-#Catalan" title="i-">i-</a></span>, or <span class="Latn" lang="ca"><a href="/wiki/im-#Catalan" title="im-">im-</a></span> before <i>p</i>, <i>b</i> and <i>m</i>)</li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> French: <span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#French">in-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Italian: <span class="Latn" lang="it"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Italian">in-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Middle English: <span class="Latn" lang="enm"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Middle_English">in-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> <ul><li>English: <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/ir-#English" title="ir-">ir-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/il-#English" title="il-">il-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a href="/wiki/im-#English" title="im-">im-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Portuguese: <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Portuguese">in-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> (<span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/im-#Portuguese" title="im-">im-</a></span> before <i>p</i> or <i>b</i>, <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/i-#Portuguese" title="i-">i-</a></span> before <i>l</i>, <i>n</i>, or <i>m</i>, and <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/ir-#Portuguese" title="ir-">ir-</a></span> before <i>r</i>)</li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Romanian: <span class="Latn" lang="ro"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Romanian">in-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> (<span class="Latn" lang="ro"><a href="/wiki/im-#Romanian" title="im-">im-</a></span> before <i>p</i> or <i>b</i>, and <span class="Latn" lang="ro"><a href="/wiki/i-#Romanian" title="i-">i-</a></span> before <i>l</i>, <i>m</i>, or <i>r</i>)</li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Sicilian: <span class="Latn" lang="scn"><a href="/wiki/n-#Sicilian" title="n-">n-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> (<span class="Latn" lang="scn"><a href="/wiki/m-#Sicilian" title="m-">m-</a></span> before <i>p</i>, <i>b</i> or <i>m</i>, <span class="Latn" lang="scn"><a href="/wiki/il-#Sicilian" title="il-">il-</a></span> before <i>l</i>, and <span class="Latn" lang="scn"><a href="/wiki/ir-#Sicilian" title="ir-">ir-</a></span> before <i>r</i>)</li> <li><span class="desc-arr" title="borrowed">→</span> Spanish: <span class="Latn" lang="es"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Spanish">in-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> (<span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/im-#Spanish" title="im-">im-</a></span> before <i>p</i> or <i>b</i>, <span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/i-#Spanish" title="i-">i-</a></span> before <i>l</i>, and <span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/ir-#Spanish" title="ir-">ir-</a></span> before <i>r</i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_5">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=87" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="etymid" id="Latin:_in"></span> </p> <ul id="Latin:_in"></ul> <p>Prefixation of the preposition <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/in#Latin" title="in">in</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alternative_forms_5">Alternative forms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=88" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/ind-#Latin" title="ind-">ind-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/indu-#Latin" title="indu-">indu-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_16">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=89" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Prepositional prefix, generally attached to verbs to derive new verbs with a range of meanings.</span></span> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/in" title="in">in</a>, <a href="/wiki/within" title="within">within</a>, <a href="/wiki/inside" title="inside">inside</a> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/halo#Latin" title="halo">hālō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">breathe</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/inhalo#Latin" title="inhalo">inhālō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">breathe in, inhale</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/against" title="against">against</a>; <a href="/wiki/into" title="into">into</a>; <a href="/wiki/on" title="on">on</a>, <a href="/wiki/upon" title="upon">upon</a>; <a href="/wiki/to" title="to">to</a>, <a href="/wiki/towards" title="towards">towards</a> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/gradior#Latin" title="gradior">gradior</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">step, go</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/ingredior#Latin" title="ingredior">ingredior</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">go into, enter</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/nubo#Latin" title="nubo">nūbō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">marry</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/innubo#Latin" title="innubo">innūbō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">marry into</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/cado#Latin" title="cado">cadō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">fall</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/incido#Latin" title="incido">incidō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">fall into, fall upon</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/pango#Latin" title="pango">pangō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">set, fix, settle, fasten</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/impingo#Latin" title="impingo">impingō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">fasten upon, dash against, strike against</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/fligo#Latin" title="fligo">flīgō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">strike</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/infligo#Latin" title="infligo">īnflīgō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">strike on, strike against, inflict, impose upon</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/voco#Latin" title="voco">vocō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">call</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/invoco#Latin" title="invoco">invocō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">call on, call upon, invoke</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Used as an <a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#intensifier" title="Appendix:Glossary">intensifier</a>.</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/crepo#Latin" title="crepo">crepō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">I rattle</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/increpo#Latin" title="increpo">increpō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">I rattle, rebuke</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Attached to inchoative verbs, can express the sense of a change being started or reaching partial completion</span></span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/aresco#Latin" title="aresco">ārēscō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">I am drying, am growing drier</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/inaresco#Latin" title="inaresco">inārēscō</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">I start becoming dry, become somewhat dry</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></li></ol></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes_6">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=90" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Affixed primarily to verbs. </p><p>The same spelling rules apply as for Etymology 1 above; see the usage notes there. </p><p>Not to be confused with <span class="Latn" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin:_not">Etymology 1 above</a></span>, which means "not". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_12">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=91" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Latin_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(in)" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(in)" title="Category:Latin terms prefixed with in- (in)">Latin terms prefixed with in- (in)</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Descendants_2">Descendants</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=92" title="Edit section: Descendants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms ul-column-count" data-column-count="3"> <ul><li>Aromanian: <span class="Latn" lang="rup"><a href="/wiki/%C3%A3n-#Aromanian" title="ãn-">ãn-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="rup"><a href="/wiki/n-#Aromanian" title="n-">n-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="rup"><a href="/wiki/an-#Aromanian" title="an-">an-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Catalan: <span class="Latn" lang="ca"><a href="/wiki/en-#Catalan" title="en-">en-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>English: <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>French: <span class="Latn" lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/en-#French" title="en-">en-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Italian: <span class="Latn" lang="it"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Italian">in-</a></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="it"><a href="/wiki/en-#Italian" title="en-">en-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Portuguese: <span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/en-#Portuguese" title="en-">en-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Romanian: <span class="Latn" lang="ro"><a href="/wiki/%C3%AEn-#Romanian" title="în-">în-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li> <li>Spanish: <span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/en-#Spanish" title="en-">en-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3_3">Etymology 3</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=93" title="Edit section: Etymology 3"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="etymid" id="Latin:_after"></span> </p><p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/%C3%A9nu" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/énu">*énu</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">along, after</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. Cognate with <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit" class="extiw" title="w:Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a></span> <i class="Deva mention" lang="sa"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81#Sanskrit" title="अनु">अनु</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="sa-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">ánu-</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">after</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avestan" class="extiw" title="w:Avestan">Avestan</a></span> <i class="Avst mention" lang="ae"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%90%AC%80%F0%90%AC%A5%F0%90%AC%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𐬀𐬥𐬎 (page does not exist)">𐬀𐬥𐬎</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="ae-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">anu</span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">after; corresponding to</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Persian" class="extiw" title="w:Old Persian">Old Persian</a></span> <i class="Xpeo mention" lang="peo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%F0%90%8E%A0%F0%90%8E%B5%F0%90%8E%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="𐎠𐎵𐎺 (page does not exist)">𐎠𐎵𐎺</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="peo-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn">a-nu-v</span> <span class="ts mention-ts Latn">/⁠anuv⁠/</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span><span class="serial-comma">,</span> and <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Gothic language">Gothic</a></span> <i class="Goth mention" lang="got"><a href="/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%BF#Gothic" title="𐌹𐌽𐌿">𐌹𐌽𐌿</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span lang="got-Latn" class="mention-tr tr Latn"><a href="/wiki/inu#Gothic" title="inu">inu</a></span>, <span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">without</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> (whose meaning developed “along” > “past” > “without”).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alternative_forms_6">Alternative forms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=94" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="la"><strong class="selflink">īn-</strong></span>, <span class="Latn" lang="la"><a href="/wiki/i-#Latin" title="i-">ī-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_17">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=95" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="la">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/after" title="after">after</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_13">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=96" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Latin_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(after)" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(after)" title="Category:Latin terms prefixed with in- (after)">Latin terms prefixed with in- (after)</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References_2">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=97" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alois_Walde" class="extiw" title="w:Alois Walde">Walde, Alois</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/de:Johann_Baptist_Hofmann" class="extiw" title="w:de:Johann Baptist Hofmann">Hofmann, Johann Baptist</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1938</span>) “<span class="Latn" lang="la">1. in-</span>”, in <cite>Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch</cite> (in German), 3rd edition, volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/walde/Walde#page/n708">page <span class="None" lang="und">676f.</span></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text">William Gardner Hale and Carl Darling Buck, 1903. <i>Latin Grammar,</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g49fAAAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&pg=PA25#v=onepage&q&f=false">page 25</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alois_Walde" class="extiw" title="w:Alois Walde">Walde, Alois</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/de:Johann_Baptist_Hofmann" class="extiw" title="w:de:Johann Baptist Hofmann">Hofmann, Johann Baptist</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1938</span>) “<span class="Latn" lang="la">2. in</span>”, in <cite>Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch</cite> (in German), 3rd edition, volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/walde/Walde#page/n709">page <span class="None" lang="und">677f.</span></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text">Haverling, Gerd. "On Prefixes and Actionality in Classical and Late Latin." <i>Acta Linguistica Hungarica,</i> vol. 50, no. 1–2, 2003, pp. 113–35, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/26189816">http://www.jstor.org/stable/26189816</a>. Accessed 6 Apr. 2022. Page 117</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">Dunkel, George E. (<span class="None" lang="und">2014</span>) <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexikon_der_indogermanischen_Partikeln_und_Pronominalst%C3%A4mme" class="extiw" title="w:Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme">Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme</a></cite> [<cite><span class="e-translation">Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems</span></cite>] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783825359263" title="Special:BookSources/9783825359263">→ISBN</a></small>, pages <span class="None" lang="und">241-44</span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading_4">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=98" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0060:entry=in-"><span class="Latn" lang="la">in-</span></a>”, in <span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">Charlton T. Lewis (<span class="None" lang="und">1891</span>) <cite>An Elementary Latin Dictionary</cite>, New York: Harper & Brothers</span></span></li> <li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michiel_de_Vaan" class="extiw" title="w:Michiel de Vaan">De Vaan, Michiel</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">2008</span>) <cite>Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages</cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004167971" title="Special:BookSources/9789004167971">→ISBN</a></small>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//archive.org/stream/MichielVaanEtymologicalDictionaryOfLatin_201811/Michiel%20Vaan%2C%20Etymological%20dictionary%20of%20Latin#page/n314/mode/1up">page <span class="None" lang="und">301</span></a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Malay">Malay</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=99" title="Edit section: Malay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_7">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=100" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable floatright PIE-word" style="text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><th>PIE word</th></tr><tr><td><span class="Latn" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ne">*ne</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language" class="extiw" title="w:English language">English</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English" class="extiw" title="w:Middle English">Middle English</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Middle_English">in-</a></i>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_8">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=101" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Malay_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Malay pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">[in-]</span></li> <li>Hyphenation: <span class="Latn" lang="ms">in-</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_18">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=102" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="ms">in-</strong> (<i>Jawi spelling</i> <b class="Arab ms-Arab" lang="ms"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86-#Malay" title="اين-">اين-</a></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">non-productive</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Used with certain words to reverse their meaning</span></span>; <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></span>. <dl><dd><span class="h-usage-example"><i class="Latn mention e-example" lang="ms"><b>in</b>formal</i> ― <span class="e-translation"><b>in</b>formal</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_14">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=103" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Malay_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Malay terms prefixed with in-">Malay terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maltese">Maltese</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=104" title="Edit section: Maltese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_9">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=105" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Maltese_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Maltese pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ɪn/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Article">Article</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=106" title="Edit section: Article"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="mt">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention">Alternative form of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Latn mention" lang="mt"><a href="/wiki/il-#Maltese" title="il-">il-</a></i></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_7">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=107" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Used before the letter <i class="Latn mention" lang="mt"><a href="/wiki/n#Maltese" title="n">n</a></i>. For details on usage, see the main lemma.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Northern_Ndebele">Northern Ndebele</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=108" title="Edit section: Northern Ndebele"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_8">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=109" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Bantu_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Bantu language">Proto-Bantu</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="bnt-pro">*<a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/j%C9%AA%CC%80-" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/jɪ̀-">jɪ̀-</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/n-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/n- (page does not exist)">n-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_19">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=110" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="nd">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Class 9 noun prefix.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_8">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=111" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The variant form <i class="Latn mention" lang="nd"><a href="/wiki/im-#Northern_Ndebele" title="im-">im-</a></i> is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (<i>b</i>, <i>f</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>p</i>, <i>v</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ojibwe">Ojibwe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=112" title="Edit section: Ojibwe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Initial">Initial</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=113" title="Edit section: Initial"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="oj">in-</strong> (<i>root</i>)</span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention">Alternative form of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Latn mention" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/iN-#Ojibwe" title="iN-">iN-</a></i></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_20">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=114" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="oj">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention">Alternative form of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Latn mention" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/nin-#Ojibwe" title="nin-">nin-</a></i></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="See_also_2">See also</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=115" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="NavFrame" style="width:50%"> <div class="NavHead">Ojibwe personal prefixes</div> <div class="NavContent"> <table border="1px solid #aaaaaa" style="border-collapse:collapse; background:#F9F9F9; text-align:center; width:100%" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"> </th> <th>stem begins with... </th> <th>1st person </th> <th>2nd person </th> <th>3rd person </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="3">Consonants </th> <th>p t k h ch m n s sh w y </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/ni-#Ojibwe" title="ni-">ni-</a></span> </td> <td rowspan="3"><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/gi-#Ojibwe" title="gi-">gi-</a></span> </td> <td rowspan="3"><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/o-#Ojibwe" title="o-">o-</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>d g ' j z zh </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/nin-#Ojibwe" title="nin-">nin-</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>b </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/nim-#Ojibwe" title="nim-">nim-</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" rowspan="4">Vowels </th> <th>o </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/nindo-#Ojibwe" title="nindo-">nindo-</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/gido-#Ojibwe" title="gido-">gido-</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/odo-#Ojibwe" title="odo-">odo-</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>a aa e i </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/nind-#Ojibwe" title="nind-">nind-</a></span> </td> <td><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/gid-#Ojibwe" title="gid-">gid-</a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/od-#Ojibwe" title="od-">od-</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>oo </th> <td rowspan="2"><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/n-#Ojibwe" title="n-">n-</a></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/g-#Ojibwe" title="g-">g-</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>ii </th> <td><span class="Latn" lang="oj"><a href="/wiki/w-#Ojibwe" title="w-">w-</a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Old_English">Old English</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=116" title="Edit section: Old English"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_10">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=117" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Old_English_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Old English pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/in/</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1_6">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=118" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/wiki/in#Old_English" title="in">in</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">in</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. More at <a href="/wiki/in" title="in">in</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_21">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=119" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="ang">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/in" title="in">in</a>, <a href="/wiki/into" title="into">into</a> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=e%C3%BEung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="eþung (page does not exist)">ēþung</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">breathing</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ine%C3%BEung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ineþung (page does not exist)">inēþung</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">inspiration</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/internal" title="internal">internal</a>, <a href="/wiki/inside" title="inside">inside</a> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/wiki/co%C3%BEu#Old_English" title="coþu">coþu</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">disease</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=inco%C3%BEu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="incoþu (page does not exist)">incoþu</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">internal disease</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/wiki/weorc#Old_English" title="weorc">weorc</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">work</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/wiki/inweorc#Old_English" title="inweorc">inweorc</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">indoor work</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Descendants_3">Descendants</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=120" title="Edit section: Descendants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Middle English: <span class="Latn" lang="enm"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Middle_English">in-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"> <ul><li>English: <span class="Latn" lang="en"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#English">in-</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68481116"></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_6">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=121" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="gem-pro"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/in-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/in- (page does not exist)">*in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">strong</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span>, <span class="ann-pos">adj</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ind%CA%B0ro-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/indʰro- (page does not exist)">*indʰro-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">swelling; strong</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>, from <i class="Latn mention" lang="ine-pro"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/oyd-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/oyd- (page does not exist)">*oyd-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to swell</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_22">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=122" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="ang">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="usage-label-sense"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">intensifying</span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/very" title="very">very</a> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/wiki/frod#Old_English" title="frod">frōd</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">wise</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=infrod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="infrod (page does not exist)">infrōd</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">very wise</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/wiki/dryhten#Old_English" title="dryhten">dryhten</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">noble</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="ang"><a href="/wiki/indryhten#Old_English" title="indryhten">indryhten</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">very noble</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_15">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=123" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Old_English_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_English_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Old English terms prefixed with in-">Old English terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Old_Irish">Old Irish</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=124" title="Edit section: Old Irish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_1_7">Etymology 1</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=125" title="Edit section: Etymology 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="etymid" id="Old_Irish:_in"></span> From conflated <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Celtic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Celtic language">Proto-Celtic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="cel-pro"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/en-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/en- (page does not exist)">*en-</a></i> and <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Celtic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Celtic language">Proto-Celtic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="cel-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/eni-" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/eni-">*eni-</a></i>; these two are variants of the same prefix. Prefix form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/hi#Old_Irish" title="hi">i</a></i>. Conflated with <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/ind-#Old_Irish" title="ind-">ind-</a></i> quite early. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Alternative_forms_7">Alternative forms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=126" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/en-#Old_Irish" title="en-">en-</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_23">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=127" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="sga">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/in" title="in">in</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes_9">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=128" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Very frequently replaced by <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/ad-#Old_Irish" title="ad-">ad-</a></i> in pretonic position in verbs where the meaning ‘in’ is not transparent, e.g.: </p> <ul><li><i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/adcota#Old_Irish" title="adcota">ad·cota</a></i> from <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">*in-com-tá-</i></li> <li><i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/adf%C3%A9t#Old_Irish" title="adfét">ad·fét</a></i> from <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">*in-fét-</i></li> <li><i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=adgreinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="adgreinn (page does not exist)">ad·greinn</a></i> from <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">*in-grenn-</i></li> <li><i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=adsn%C3%A1di&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="adsnádi (page does not exist)">ad·snádi</a></i> from <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">*in-snádi-</i></li></ul> <p>Sometimes replaced by <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/as-#Old_Irish" title="as-">as-</a></i> in pretonic position in verbs where the meaning ‘in’ is not transparent, e.g.: </p> <ul><li><i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/asdloing#Old_Irish" title="asdloing">as·dloing</a></i> from <i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">*in-dlong-</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_16">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=129" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Old_Irish_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(in)" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Irish_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(in)" title="Category:Old Irish terms prefixed with in- (in)">Old Irish terms prefixed with in- (in)</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="References_3">References</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=130" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Thurneysen" class="extiw" title="w:Rudolf Thurneysen">Thurneysen, Rudolf</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1940</span>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D._A._Binchy" class="extiw" title="w:D. A. Binchy">D. A. Binchy</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osborn_Bergin" class="extiw" title="w:Osborn Bergin">Osborn Bergin</a>, transl., <cite>A Grammar of Old Irish</cite>, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85500-161-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85500-161-9">→ISBN</a></small>, <span class="None" lang="und">pages 518–22</span>; reprinted <span class="None" lang="und">2017</span></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_2_7">Etymology 2</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=131" title="Edit section: Etymology 2"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="etymid" id="Old_Irish:_able"></span> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82267123">.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box{width:90%;margin:0.75em auto;border-width:1px;border-style:dashed;padding:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .request-box{width:90%;margin:0.75em auto;border:1px dashed var(--border-color-base,#999999);padding:0.25em;background:var(--background-color-base,#FFFFFF)}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .request-box table{margin-top:0.25em;margin-bottom:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-blue{background-color:#E6E6FF;border-color:#000061}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-red{background-color:#FFE6E6;border-color:#610000}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-yellow{background-color:#FFFFE6;border-color:#616100}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-grey{background-color:#F2F2F2;border-color:#303030}.mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-orange{background-color:#FFF2E6;border-color:#612F00}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-blue{background-color:#1D1D44;border-color:#73737F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-red{background-color:#441D1D;border-color:#7F7373}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-yellow{background-color:#323216;border-color:#7F7F73}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-grey{background-color:#303030;border-color:#797979}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-orange{background-color:#44301D;border-color:#7F7973}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-blue{background-color:#1D1D44;border-color:#73737F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-red{background-color:#441D1D;border-color:#7F7373}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-yellow{background-color:#323216;border-color:#7F7F73}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-grey{background-color:#303030;border-color:#797979}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .maintenance-box-orange{background-color:#44301D;border-color:#7F7973}}</style><span class="maintenance-line">(This <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Etymology" title="Wiktionary:Etymology">etymology</a> is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Etymology_scriptorium" title="Wiktionary:Etymology scriptorium">Etymology scriptorium</a>.)</span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_24">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=132" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="sga">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/able" title="able">able</a> to, <a href="/wiki/-able" title="-able">-able</a> <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">+ past participle</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/adgair#Old_Irish" title="adgair">ad·gair</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to sue</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=inaccartha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="inaccartha (page does not exist)">inaccartha</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to be sued for</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=mescaigid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="mescaigid (page does not exist)">mescaigid</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">to intoxicate</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=inmescaigthe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="inmescaigthe (page does not exist)">inmescaigthe</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">able to intoxicate</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li> <li>able to, -able, <a href="/wiki/fit" title="fit">fit</a> for, fit to be <span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content qualifier-content">+ noun<span class="ib-comma qualifier-comma">,</span> an <i>o-</i> and <i>a-</i>stems usually yields an <i>i-</i>stem adjective</span><span class="ib-brac qualifier-brac">)</span> <dl><dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/b%C3%A9s#Old_Irish" title="bés">bés</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">custom</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=inb%C3%A9sa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="inbésa (page does not exist)">inbésa</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">customary</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=comlann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="comlann (page does not exist)">comlann</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">fight</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=incomlainn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="incomlainn (page does not exist)">incomlainn</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">able to fight</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd> <dd><span class="affixusex">‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga">in-</i> + ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/galar#Old_Irish" title="galar">galar</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">sickness</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span> → ‎<i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ingalair&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ingalair (page does not exist)">ingalair</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">sick</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_3_4">Etymology 3</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=133" title="Edit section: Etymology 3"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="etymid" id="Old_Irish:_not"></span> From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Celtic_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Celtic language">Proto-Celtic</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="cel-pro"><a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/an-" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/an-">*an-</a></i>. <i>In</i> is the regular outcome of <i>*an</i> before voiced stops unless lowered to <i>an</i> via <i>a</i>-affection. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_25">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=134" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="sga">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention">Alternative form of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/an-#Old_Irish" title="an-">an-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">un-, not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Usage_notes_10">Usage notes</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=135" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Used before <i>d</i> and <i>g</i> and occasionally other sounds.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Derived_terms_17">Derived terms</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=136" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Old_Irish_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(not)" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Irish_terms_prefixed_with_in-_(not)" title="Category:Old Irish terms prefixed with in- (not)">Old Irish terms prefixed with in- (not)</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_4_2">Etymology 4</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=137" title="Edit section: Etymology 4"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Prefix_26">Prefix</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=138" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="sga">in-</strong> (<i><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Old_Irish_affixed_pronouns" title="Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns">class C infixed pronoun</a></i>)</span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention">Alternative form of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Latn mention" lang="sga"><a href="/wiki/id-#Old_Irish" title="id-">id-</a></i></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="References_4">References</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=139" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"> ^ </a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Thurneysen" class="extiw" title="w:Rudolf Thurneysen">Thurneysen, Rudolf</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1940</span>) <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D._A._Binchy" class="extiw" title="w:D. A. Binchy">D. A. Binchy</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osborn_Bergin" class="extiw" title="w:Osborn Bergin">Osborn Bergin</a>, transl., <cite>A Grammar of Old Irish</cite>, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85500-161-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85500-161-9">→ISBN</a></small>, <span class="None" lang="und">§ 872</span>, page <span class="None" lang="und">544</span>; reprinted <span class="None" lang="und">2017</span></span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading_5">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=140" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holger_Pedersen_(linguist)" class="extiw" title="w:Holger Pedersen (linguist)">Pedersen, Holger</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1913</span>) <cite>Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen</cite> (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-525-26119-5" title="Special:BookSources/3-525-26119-5">→ISBN</a></small>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/vergleichendegra02pede#page/11/mode/2up">page <span class="None" lang="und">11</span></a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Portuguese">Portuguese</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=141" title="Edit section: Portuguese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_forms_8">Alternative forms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=142" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/im-#Portuguese" title="im-">im-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">before <i>p</i> or <i>b</i></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/ir-#Portuguese" title="ir-">ir-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">before <i>r</i></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/i-#Portuguese" title="i-">i-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">before <i>m</i>, <i>n</i> or <i>l</i></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_9">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=143" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Borrowed from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">un-, not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_27">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=144" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="pt">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/un-" title="un-">un-</a>; <a href="/wiki/not" title="not">not</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_18">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=145" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Portuguese_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Portuguese_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Portuguese terms prefixed with in-">Portuguese terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spanish">Spanish</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=146" title="Edit section: Spanish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_forms_9">Alternative forms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=147" title="Edit section: Alternative forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/im-#Spanish" title="im-">im-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">before <i>p</i> or <i>b</i></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/ir-#Spanish" title="ir-">ir-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">before <i>r</i></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li> <li><span class="Latn" lang="es"><a href="/wiki/i-#Spanish" title="i-">i-</a></span> <span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content">before <i>l</i></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_10">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=148" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Appendix:Glossary#loanword" title="Appendix:Glossary">Borrowed</a> from <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" class="extiw" title="w:Latin">Latin</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="la"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Latin">in-</a></i> <span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">(</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">“</span><span class="mention-gloss">un-, not</span><span class="mention-gloss-double-quote">”</span><span class="mention-gloss-paren annotation-paren">)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_28">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=149" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="es">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/not" title="not">not</a> <span class="gloss-brac">(</span><span class="gloss-content"><span class="Latn" lang="en">negation</span></span><span class="gloss-brac">)</span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_19">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=150" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Spanish_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Spanish terms prefixed with in-">Spanish terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading_6">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=151" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source">“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dle.rae.es/in-">in-</a>”, in <cite><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diccionario_de_la_lengua_espa%C3%B1ola" class="extiw" title="w:Diccionario de la lengua española">Diccionario de la lengua española</a></cite> [<cite><span class="e-translation">Dictionary of the Spanish Language</span></cite>] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Academy" class="extiw" title="w:Royal Spanish Academy">Royal Spanish Academy</a> [Spanish: <span class="Latn" lang="es">Real Academia Española</span>], 2023 November 28</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Swazi">Swazi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=152" title="Edit section: Swazi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_11">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=153" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Bantu_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Bantu language">Proto-Bantu</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="bnt-pro">*<a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/j%C9%AA%CC%80-" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/jɪ̀-">jɪ̀-</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/n-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/n- (page does not exist)">n-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_29">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=154" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="ss">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Class 9 noun prefix.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_11">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=155" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The variant form <i class="Latn mention" lang="ss"><a href="/wiki/im-#Swazi" title="im-">im-</a></i> is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (<i>b</i>, <i>f</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>p</i>, <i>v</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tagalog">Tagalog</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=156" title="Edit section: Tagalog"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pronunciation_11">Pronunciation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=157" title="Edit section: Pronunciation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="usage-label-accent"><span class="ib-brac">(</span><span class="ib-content"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_language" class="extiw" title="w:Filipino language">Standard Tagalog</a></span><span class="ib-brac">)</span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="Wiktionary:International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a><sup>(<a href="/wiki/Appendix:Tagalog_pronunciation" title="Appendix:Tagalog pronunciation">key</a>)</sup>: <span class="IPA">/ʔin/</span> <span class="IPA">[ʔɪn̪]</span></li> <li>Syllabification: <span class="Latn" lang="tl">in-</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_30">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=158" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="tl">in-</strong> (<i>Baybayin spelling</i> <b class="Tglg" lang="tl"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%9C%81%E1%9C%88%E1%9C%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ᜁᜈ᜔ (page does not exist)">ᜁᜈ᜔</a></b>)</span> </p> <ol><li><span class="form-of-definition use-with-mention">prefix form of <span class="form-of-definition-link"><i class="Latn mention" lang="tl"><a href="/wiki/-in-#Tagalog" title="-in-">-in-</a></i></span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Derived_terms_20">Derived terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=159" title="Edit section: Derived terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="derivedterms CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":10,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":[0],"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Tagalog_terms_prefixed_with_in-" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Tagalog_terms_prefixed_with_in-" title="Category:Tagalog terms prefixed with in-">Tagalog terms prefixed with in-</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anagrams_3">Anagrams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=160" title="Edit section: Anagrams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="Latn" lang="tl"><a href="/wiki/ni#Tagalog" title="ni">ni</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Xhosa">Xhosa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=161" title="Edit section: Xhosa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_12">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=162" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Bantu_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Bantu language">Proto-Bantu</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="bnt-pro">*<a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/j%C9%AA%CC%80-" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/jɪ̀-">jɪ̀-</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/n-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/n- (page does not exist)">n-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_31">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=163" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="xh">in-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Class 9 noun prefix.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_12">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=164" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The variant form <i class="Latn mention" lang="xh"><a href="/wiki/im-#Xhosa" title="im-">im-</a></i> is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (<i>b</i>, <i>f</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>p</i>, <i>v</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zulu">Zulu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=165" title="Edit section: Zulu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology_13">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=166" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From <span class="etyl"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Bantu_language" class="extiw" title="w:Proto-Bantu language">Proto-Bantu</a></span> <i class="Latn mention" lang="bnt-pro">*<a href="/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/j%C9%AA%CC%80-" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/jɪ̀-">jɪ̀-</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/n-&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/n- (page does not exist)">n-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefix_32">Prefix</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=167" title="Edit section: Prefix"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="headword-line"><strong class="Latn headword" lang="zu">ín-</strong></span> </p> <ol><li><span class="use-with-mention"><span class="Latn" lang="en">Class 9 noun prefix.</span></span></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Usage_notes_13">Usage notes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=168" title="Edit section: Usage notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The variant form <i class="Latn mention" lang="zu"><a href="/wiki/im-#Zulu" title="im-">im-</a></i> is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (<i>b</i>, <i>f</i>, <i>m</i>, <i>p</i>, <i>v</i>). Before <i>l</i>, <i>m</i> or <i>n</i>, the prefix becomes <i class="Latn mention" lang="zu"><a href="/wiki/i-#Zulu" title="i-">i-</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References_5">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=in-&action=edit&section=169" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation-whole"><span class="cited-source"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clement_Martyn_Doke" class="extiw" title="w:Clement Martyn Doke">C. M. Doke</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedict_Wallet_Vilakazi" class="extiw" title="w:Benedict Wallet Vilakazi">B. W. Vilakazi</a> (<span class="None" lang="und">1972</span>) “im-, in-”, in <cite>Zulu-English Dictionary</cite>, <small><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0_85494_027_8" title="Special:BookSources/0 85494 027 8">→ISBN</a></small>:</span> “<span class="h-quotation"><span class="Latn e-quotation cited-passage" lang="und"><b>im-, in-</b></span></span>”</span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=in-&oldid=82738393">https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=in-&oldid=82738393</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_the_Proto-Indo-European_word_*h%E2%82%81%C3%A9n" title="Category:English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁én">English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁én</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_inherited_from_Middle_English" title="Category:English terms inherited from Middle English">English terms inherited from Middle English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_Middle_English" title="Category:English terms derived from Middle English">English terms derived from Middle English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_inherited_from_Old_English" title="Category:English terms inherited from Old English">English terms inherited from Old English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_Old_English" title="Category:English terms derived from Old English">English terms derived from Old English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_inherited_from_Proto-Germanic" title="Category:English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic">English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_Proto-Germanic" title="Category:English terms derived from Proto-Germanic">English terms derived from Proto-Germanic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_inherited_from_Proto-Indo-European" title="Category:English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European">English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_Proto-Indo-European" title="Category:English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European">English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_with_audio_pronunciation" title="Category:English terms with audio pronunciation">English terms with audio pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_lemmas" title="Category:English lemmas">English lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_prefixes" title="Category:English prefixes">English prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_with_usage_examples" title="Category:English terms with usage examples">English terms with usage examples</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_Latin" title="Category:English terms derived from Latin">English terms derived from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_borrowed_from_French" title="Category:English terms borrowed from French">English terms borrowed from French</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_French" title="Category:English terms derived from French">English terms derived from French</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_terms_derived_from_the_Proto-Indo-European_word_*ne" title="Category:English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ne">English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ne</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_doublets" title="Category:English doublets">English doublets</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_unproductive_prefixes" title="Category:English unproductive prefixes">English unproductive prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catalan_terms_borrowed_from_Latin" title="Category:Catalan terms borrowed from Latin">Catalan terms borrowed from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catalan_terms_derived_from_Latin" title="Category:Catalan terms derived from Latin">Catalan terms derived from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catalan_lemmas" title="Category:Catalan lemmas">Catalan lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catalan_prefixes" title="Category:Catalan prefixes">Catalan prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dutch_terms_with_audio_pronunciation" title="Category:Dutch terms with audio pronunciation">Dutch terms with audio pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dutch_lemmas" title="Category:Dutch lemmas">Dutch lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dutch_prefixes" title="Category:Dutch prefixes">Dutch prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_terms_derived_from_Proto-Italic" title="Category:French terms derived from Proto-Italic">French terms derived from Proto-Italic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_terms_derived_from_Latin" title="Category:French terms derived from Latin">French terms derived from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_terms_derived_from_Proto-Indo-European" title="Category:French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European">French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_terms_borrowed_from_Latin" title="Category:French terms borrowed from Latin">French terms borrowed from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_1-syllable_words" title="Category:French 1-syllable words">French 1-syllable words</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:French terms with IPA pronunciation">French terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_terms_with_audio_pronunciation" title="Category:French terms with audio pronunciation">French terms with audio pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_lemmas" title="Category:French lemmas">French lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_prefixes" title="Category:French prefixes">French prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_1-syllable_words" title="Category:German 1-syllable words">German 1-syllable words</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:German terms with IPA pronunciation">German terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_terms_derived_from_Proto-Germanic" title="Category:German terms derived from Proto-Germanic">German terms derived from Proto-Germanic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_terms_derived_from_Proto-Indo-European" title="Category:German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European">German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_lemmas" title="Category:German lemmas">German lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_prefixes" title="Category:German prefixes">German prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_terms_with_rare_senses" title="Category:German terms with rare senses">German terms with rare senses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_terms_borrowed_from_Latin" title="Category:German terms borrowed from Latin">German terms borrowed from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_terms_derived_from_Latin" title="Category:German terms derived from Latin">German terms derived from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gothic_non-lemma_forms" title="Category:Gothic non-lemma forms">Gothic non-lemma forms</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Gothic_romanizations" title="Category:Gothic romanizations">Gothic romanizations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesian_terms_derived_from_Dutch" title="Category:Indonesian terms derived from Dutch">Indonesian terms derived from Dutch</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesian_terms_derived_from_French" title="Category:Indonesian terms derived from French">Indonesian terms derived from French</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesian_terms_derived_from_Latin" title="Category:Indonesian terms derived from Latin">Indonesian terms derived from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesian_1-syllable_words" title="Category:Indonesian 1-syllable words">Indonesian 1-syllable words</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesian_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation">Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesian_lemmas" title="Category:Indonesian lemmas">Indonesian lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indonesian_prefixes" title="Category:Indonesian prefixes">Indonesian prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_terms_inherited_from_Old_Irish" title="Category:Irish terms inherited from Old Irish">Irish terms inherited from Old Irish</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_terms_derived_from_Old_Irish" title="Category:Irish terms derived from Old Irish">Irish terms derived from Old Irish</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_lemmas" title="Category:Irish lemmas">Irish lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_prefixes" title="Category:Irish prefixes">Irish prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_1-syllable_words" title="Category:Italian 1-syllable words">Italian 1-syllable words</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:Italian terms with IPA pronunciation">Italian terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_terms_inherited_from_Latin" title="Category:Italian terms inherited from Latin">Italian terms inherited from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_terms_derived_from_Latin" title="Category:Italian terms derived from Latin">Italian terms derived from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_terms_derived_from_Proto-Indo-European" title="Category:Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European">Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_lemmas" title="Category:Italian lemmas">Italian lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_prefixes" title="Category:Italian prefixes">Italian prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_terms_with_obsolete_senses" title="Category:Italian terms with obsolete senses">Italian terms with obsolete senses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_terms_with_rare_senses" title="Category:Italian terms with rare senses">Italian terms with rare senses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_1-syllable_words" title="Category:Latin 1-syllable words">Latin 1-syllable words</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:Latin terms with IPA pronunciation">Latin terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_terms_derived_from_Proto-Indo-European" title="Category:Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European">Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_terms_derived_from_Proto-Italic" title="Category:Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic">Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_terms_inherited_from_Proto-Italic" title="Category:Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic">Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_terms_inherited_from_Proto-Indo-European" title="Category:Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European">Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_lemmas" title="Category:Latin lemmas">Latin lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_prefixes" title="Category:Latin prefixes">Latin prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_terms_derived_from_the_Proto-Indo-European_root_*h%E2%82%81en-" title="Category:Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁en-">Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁en-</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_terms_derived_from_the_Proto-Indo-European_word_*ne" title="Category:Malay terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ne">Malay terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ne</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_terms_borrowed_from_English" title="Category:Malay terms borrowed from English">Malay terms borrowed from English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_terms_derived_from_English" title="Category:Malay terms derived from English">Malay terms derived from English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_terms_derived_from_Middle_English" title="Category:Malay terms derived from Middle English">Malay terms derived from Middle English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_terms_derived_from_Latin" title="Category:Malay terms derived from Latin">Malay terms derived from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_1-syllable_words" title="Category:Malay 1-syllable words">Malay 1-syllable words</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:Malay terms with IPA pronunciation">Malay terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_lemmas" title="Category:Malay lemmas">Malay lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_prefixes" title="Category:Malay prefixes">Malay prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_terms_with_usage_examples" title="Category:Malay terms with usage examples">Malay terms with usage examples</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Malay_unproductive_prefixes" title="Category:Malay unproductive prefixes">Malay unproductive prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Maltese_1-syllable_words" title="Category:Maltese 1-syllable words">Maltese 1-syllable words</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Maltese_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation">Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Maltese_lemmas" title="Category:Maltese lemmas">Maltese lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Maltese_articles" title="Category:Maltese articles">Maltese articles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Northern_Ndebele_terms_inherited_from_Proto-Bantu" title="Category:Northern Ndebele terms inherited from Proto-Bantu">Northern Ndebele terms inherited from Proto-Bantu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Northern_Ndebele_terms_derived_from_Proto-Bantu" title="Category:Northern Ndebele terms derived from Proto-Bantu">Northern Ndebele terms derived from Proto-Bantu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Northern_Ndebele_lemmas" title="Category:Northern Ndebele lemmas">Northern Ndebele lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Northern_Ndebele_prefixes" title="Category:Northern Ndebele prefixes">Northern Ndebele prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Northern_Ndebele_noun_prefixes" title="Category:Northern Ndebele noun prefixes">Northern Ndebele noun prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ojibwe_initials" title="Category:Ojibwe initials">Ojibwe initials</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ojibwe_lemmas" title="Category:Ojibwe lemmas">Ojibwe lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ojibwe_prefixes" title="Category:Ojibwe prefixes">Ojibwe prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ojibwe_personal_prefixes" title="Category:Ojibwe personal prefixes">Ojibwe personal prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_English_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:Old English terms with IPA pronunciation">Old English terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_English_lemmas" title="Category:Old English lemmas">Old English lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_English_prefixes" title="Category:Old English prefixes">Old English prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_English_terms_derived_from_Proto-Germanic" title="Category:Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic">Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_English_terms_derived_from_Proto-Indo-European" title="Category:Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European">Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Irish_terms_inherited_from_Proto-Celtic" title="Category:Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic">Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Irish_terms_derived_from_Proto-Celtic" title="Category:Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic">Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Irish_lemmas" title="Category:Old Irish lemmas">Old Irish lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Irish_prefixes" title="Category:Old Irish prefixes">Old Irish prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_Irish_personal_pronouns" title="Category:Old Irish personal pronouns">Old Irish personal pronouns</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Portuguese_terms_borrowed_from_Latin" title="Category:Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin">Portuguese terms borrowed from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Portuguese_terms_derived_from_Latin" title="Category:Portuguese terms derived from Latin">Portuguese terms derived from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Portuguese_lemmas" title="Category:Portuguese lemmas">Portuguese lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Portuguese_prefixes" title="Category:Portuguese prefixes">Portuguese prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_terms_borrowed_from_Latin" title="Category:Spanish terms borrowed from Latin">Spanish terms borrowed from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_terms_derived_from_Latin" title="Category:Spanish terms derived from Latin">Spanish terms derived from Latin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_lemmas" title="Category:Spanish lemmas">Spanish lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spanish_prefixes" title="Category:Spanish prefixes">Spanish prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Swazi_terms_inherited_from_Proto-Bantu" title="Category:Swazi terms inherited from Proto-Bantu">Swazi terms inherited from Proto-Bantu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Swazi_terms_derived_from_Proto-Bantu" title="Category:Swazi terms derived from Proto-Bantu">Swazi terms derived from Proto-Bantu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Swazi_lemmas" title="Category:Swazi lemmas">Swazi lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Swazi_prefixes" title="Category:Swazi prefixes">Swazi prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Swazi_noun_prefixes" title="Category:Swazi noun prefixes">Swazi noun prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tagalog_1-syllable_words" title="Category:Tagalog 1-syllable words">Tagalog 1-syllable words</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tagalog_terms_with_IPA_pronunciation" title="Category:Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation">Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tagalog_lemmas" title="Category:Tagalog lemmas">Tagalog lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tagalog_prefixes" title="Category:Tagalog prefixes">Tagalog prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tagalog_terms_with_Baybayin_script" title="Category:Tagalog terms with Baybayin script">Tagalog terms with Baybayin script</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Xhosa_terms_inherited_from_Proto-Bantu" title="Category:Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu">Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Xhosa_terms_derived_from_Proto-Bantu" title="Category:Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu">Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Xhosa_lemmas" title="Category:Xhosa lemmas">Xhosa lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Xhosa_prefixes" title="Category:Xhosa prefixes">Xhosa prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Xhosa_noun_prefixes" title="Category:Xhosa noun prefixes">Xhosa noun prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zulu_terms_inherited_from_Proto-Bantu" title="Category:Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu">Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zulu_terms_derived_from_Proto-Bantu" title="Category:Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu">Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zulu_lemmas" title="Category:Zulu lemmas">Zulu lemmas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zulu_prefixes" title="Category:Zulu prefixes">Zulu prefixes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Zulu_noun_prefixes" title="Category:Zulu noun prefixes">Zulu noun prefixes</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_calling_Template:minitoc" title="Category:Pages calling Template:minitoc">Pages calling Template:minitoc</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_entries" title="Category:Pages with entries">Pages with entries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_22_entries" title="Category:Pages with 22 entries">Pages with 22 entries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_links_with_redundant_target_parameters" title="Category:English links with redundant target parameters">English links with redundant target parameters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Entries_with_translation_boxes" title="Category:Entries with translation boxes">Entries with translation boxes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_French_translations" title="Category:Terms with French translations">Terms with French translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Galician_translations" title="Category:Terms with Galician translations">Terms with Galician translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Greek_translations" title="Category:Terms with Greek translations">Terms with Greek translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Italian_translations" title="Category:Terms with Italian translations">Terms with Italian translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l_translations" title="Category:Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations">Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Persian_translations" title="Category:Terms with Persian translations">Terms with Persian translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Portuguese_translations" title="Category:Terms with Portuguese translations">Terms with Portuguese translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Armenian_translations" title="Category:Terms with Armenian translations">Terms with Armenian translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Catalan_translations" title="Category:Terms with Catalan translations">Terms with Catalan translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Czech_translations" title="Category:Terms with Czech translations">Terms with Czech translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Esperanto_translations" title="Category:Terms with Esperanto translations">Terms with Esperanto translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Finnish_translations" title="Category:Terms with Finnish translations">Terms with Finnish translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Hebrew_translations" title="Category:Terms with Hebrew translations">Terms with Hebrew translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Ido_translations" title="Category:Terms with Ido translations">Terms with Ido translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Indonesian_translations" title="Category:Terms with Indonesian translations">Terms with Indonesian translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Japanese_translations" title="Category:Terms with Japanese translations">Terms with Japanese translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Norwegian_translations" title="Category:Terms with Norwegian translations">Terms with Norwegian translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Norwegian_Nynorsk_translations" title="Category:Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations">Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Polish_translations" title="Category:Terms with Polish translations">Terms with Polish translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Russian_translations" title="Category:Terms with Russian translations">Terms with Russian translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Spanish_translations" title="Category:Terms with Spanish translations">Terms with Spanish translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Terms_with_Swedish_translations" title="Category:Terms with Swedish translations">Terms with Swedish translations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_entries_with_etymology_trees" title="Category:French entries with etymology trees">French entries with etymology trees</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_entries_with_etymology_texts" title="Category:French entries with etymology texts">French entries with etymology texts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latin_entries_with_etymology_trees" title="Category:Latin entries with etymology trees">Latin entries with etymology trees</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sanskrit_terms_with_non-redundant_manual_transliterations" title="Category:Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations">Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Old_English_terms_with_redundant_head_parameter" title="Category:Old English terms with redundant head parameter">Old English terms with redundant head parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Requests_for_etymologies_in_Old_Irish_entries" title="Category:Requests for etymologies in Old Irish entries">Requests for etymologies in Old Irish entries</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tagalog_terms_with_missing_Baybayin_script_entries" title="Category:Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries">Tagalog terms with missing Baybayin script entries</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 06:37.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Definitions and other text are available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy.</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:About">About Wiktionary</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wiktionary.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=in-&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6dfcdd5ff5-hkflt","wgBackendResponseTime":198,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"3.039","walltime":"3.693","ppvisitednodes":{"value":13801,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":301747,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":7686,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":25,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":119,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":41090,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 3316.213 1 -total"," 15.60% 517.250 295 Template:l"," 7.20% 238.812 1 Template:also"," 4.99% 165.555 19 Template:inh"," 4.58% 151.780 17 Template:no_deprecated_lang_param_usage"," 4.24% 140.641 30 Template:head"," 3.93% 130.415 49 Template:prefixusex"," 3.71% 122.944 71 Template:m"," 3.59% 119.048 3 Template:etymon"," 3.32% 110.158 30 Template:t+"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"2.195","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":39506180,"limit":104857600},"limitreport-profile":[["?","300","15.2"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","280","14.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","180","9.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","140","7.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpensiveData","100","5.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::expandTemplate","80","4.0"],["(for generator)","60","3.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::anchorEncode","60","3.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","60","3.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::unstrip","40","2.0"],["[others]","680","34.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6dfcdd5ff5-xgrlb","timestamp":"20241204022146","ttl":21600,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> </body> </html>