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id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-可视化的领域" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#可视化的领域"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>可视化的领域</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-可视化的领域-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关可视化的领域子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-可视化的领域-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-科学可视化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#科学可视化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>科学可视化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-科学可视化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-教育可视化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#教育可视化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>教育可视化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-教育可视化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-产品可视化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#产品可视化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>产品可视化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-产品可视化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-信息可视化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#信息可视化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>信息可视化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-信息可视化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-数据可视化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#数据可视化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>数据可视化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-数据可视化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-思维可视化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#思维可视化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>思维可视化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-思维可视化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">可视化</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。25种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A_(%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="تمثيل مرئي (رسوميات) – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تمثيل مرئي (رسوميات)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualitzaci%C3%B3" title="Visualització – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Visualització" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizualizace" title="Vizualizace – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vizualizace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualisierung" title="Visualisierung – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Visualisierung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualization_(graphics)" title="Visualization (graphics) – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Visualization (graphics)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualizaci%C3%B3n_(gr%C3%A1fica)" title="Visualización (gráfica) – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Visualización (gráfica)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualiseerimine" title="Visualiseerimine – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Visualiseerimine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C_(%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C)" title="مصورسازی (گرافیک رایانه‌ای) – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مصورسازی (گرافیک رایانه‌ای)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualisointi" title="Visualisointi – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Visualisointi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%97%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%AA" title="הדמיה ממוחשבת – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הדמיה ממוחשבת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizualizacija_znanja" title="Vizualizacija znanja – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vizualizacija znanja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualisasi" title="Visualisasi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Visualisasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%A6%96%E5%8C%96" title="可視化 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="可視化" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%83%D1%88%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Көрсетушілік – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Көрсетушілік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EA%B0%81%ED%99%94_(%EA%B7%B8%EB%9E%98%ED%94%BD)" title="시각화 (그래픽) – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시각화 (그래픽)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizualizacija" title="Vizualizacija – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vizualizacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualisasi" title="Visualisasi – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Visualisasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualisatie" title="Visualisatie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Visualisatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wizualizacja" title="Wizualizacja – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wizualizacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Визуализация – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Визуализация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizualizacija_znanja" title="Vizualizacija znanja – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vizualizacija znanja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizualizimi" title="Vizualizimi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vizualizimi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualisering" title="Visualisering – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Visualisering" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%89" title="การทำให้เห็นได้ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การทำให้เห็นได้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Візуалізація – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Візуалізація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q451553#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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</div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button 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.ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-问题条目 plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>本條目存在以下問題</b>，請協助<b><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit">改善本條目</a></b>或在<b><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="Talk:可视化">討論頁</a></b>針對議題發表看法。 <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>可参照<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualization_(graphics)" class="extiw" title="en:Visualization (graphics)">英語維基百科</a>和<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visualisierung" class="extiw" title="de:Visualisierung">德語維基百科</a>相應條目来扩充</b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2022年2月14日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%88%E5%88%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:翻译守则">参考外语维基百科扩充条目</a>。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%86%85%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" title="Wikipedia:在维基百科内复制内容">版权协议</a>，译文需<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81#翻譯文章" title="Wikipedia:編輯摘要">在编辑摘要注明来源</a>，或于讨论页顶部标记<code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Translated_page" title="Template:Translated page">Translated page</a>}}</code>标签。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>没有列出任何<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">参考或来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2022年4月11日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>維基百科所有的內容都應該<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查證">可供查證</a>。请协助補充<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>。无法查证的內容可能會因為異議提出而被移除。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-f3e2a619" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="IT"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/25px-Confusion_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/38px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/50px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><b>提示</b>：此条目的主题不是<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%89%E5%8C%96" title="视觉化">视觉化</a></b>。</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FAE_visualization.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/FAE_visualization.jpg/250px-FAE_visualization.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/FAE_visualization.jpg/375px-FAE_visualization.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/FAE_visualization.jpg/500px-FAE_visualization.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>事故汽车<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" class="mw-redirect" title="有限元素分析">有限元素分析</a>结果的可视化呈现。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>可视化</b>（visualization）是指用于创建<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2" title="图形">图形</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F" title="图像">图像</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%BB" title="动画">动画</a>，以便交流沟通<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF" title="信息">讯息</a>的任何技术和方法。在历史上包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9E%E7%A9%B4%E5%A3%81%E7%95%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="洞穴壁畫">洞穴壁画</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="埃及象形文字">埃及象形文字</a>等，如今可视化有不断扩大的应用领域，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="科學教育">科学教育</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="工程">工程</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A8%E5%A4%9A%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="互动多媒体（页面不存在）">互动多媒体</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="医学">医学</a>等。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="可视化的领域"><span id=".E5.8F.AF.E8.A7.86.E5.8C.96.E7.9A.84.E9.A2.86.E5.9F.9F"></span>可视化的领域</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：可视化的领域"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>计算机可视化是<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机图形学">计算机图形学</a>的一个子类别，关于处理的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2" title="统计图形">统计图形</a>和地理或空间数据，它以示意图的方式表达抽象数据。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="科学可视化"><span id=".E7.A7.91.E5.AD.A6.E5.8F.AF.E8.A7.86.E5.8C.96"></span>科学可视化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：科学可视化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="科学可视化">科学可视化</a></div> <p>出于让信息／知识更容易被理解、传播和控制，将其用容易<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9F%E7%9F%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="感知">感知</a>的方式进行呈现，包含但不仅限于视觉，听觉，嗅觉，触觉等等。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="教育可视化"><span id=".E6.95.99.E8.82.B2.E5.8F.AF.E8.A7.86.E5.8C.96"></span>教育可视化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：教育可视化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>教育可视化通常是在<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="电子计算机">计算机</a>上创建一个模拟的图形来表示需要展示的物体。这是非常有用的，例如展示<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>的结构，因为原子太小了，通过教育可视化很容易学习，且无需购买昂贵并难以使用的科学设备。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="产品可视化"><span id=".E4.BA.A7.E5.93.81.E5.8F.AF.E8.A7.86.E5.8C.96"></span>产品可视化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：产品可视化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="信息可视化"><span id=".E4.BF.A1.E6.81.AF.E5.8F.AF.E8.A7.86.E5.8C.96"></span>信息可视化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：信息可视化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="信息可视化">信息可视化</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="数据可视化"><span id=".E6.95.B0.E6.8D.AE.E5.8F.AF.E8.A7.86.E5.8C.96"></span>数据可视化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：数据可视化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>数据可视化通常是指将一维、二维、三维数据通过图表形式展现。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="思维可视化"><span id=".E6.80.9D.E7.BB.B4.E5.8F.AF.E8.A7.86.E5.8C.96"></span>思维可视化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：思维可视化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="光學">光學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2" title="信息图形">信息图形</a>学</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机图形学">计算机图形学</a></li></ul> <div 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title="过程控制">过程控制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%8C%96%E6%8E%98" title="数据挖掘">数据挖掘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="數位圖書館">數位圖書館</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0" title="系统平台">系统平台</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E4%BD%8D%E8%A1%8C%E9%8A%B7" title="數位行銷">數位行銷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E7%BB%B4%E7%BD%91" title="万维网">万维网</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%AA%A2%E7%B4%A2" title="信息檢索">信息檢索</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="计算机安全">安全</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81%E5%AD%A6" title="密码学">密码学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E5%8C%96%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95" title="形式化方法">形式化方法</a></li> <li><a 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title="人工智能">人工智能</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E6%8E%A8%E7%90%86" title="自动推理">自动推理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%AD%A6" title="计算语言学">计算语言学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%89" title="计算机视觉">计算机视觉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%9B%E5%8C%96%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97" title="进化计算">进化计算</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="专家系统">专家系统</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" title="自然语言处理">自然语言处理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E4%BA%BA%E5%AD%A6" title="机器人学">机器人学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0" title="机器学习">机器学习</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%91%E7%9D%A3%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0" title="监督学习">監督式學習</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E7%9B%A3%E7%9D%A3%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92" title="無監督學習">無監督學習</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0" title="强化学习">强化学习</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%89%E9%A9%97%E8%AD%89" title="交叉驗證">交叉驗證</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机图形学">计算机图形学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%BB" title="计算机动画">计算机动画</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">可视化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B2%E6%9F%93" title="渲染">渲染</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E9%A3%BE%E7%85%A7%E7%89%87" title="修飾照片">修飾照片</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E5%BD%A2%E8%99%95%E7%90%86%E5%99%A8" title="圖形處理器">圖形處理器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E" title="混合现实">混合现实</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9A%E6%8B%9F%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E" title="虚拟现实">虚拟现实</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" title="图像处理">图像处理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9" title="图像压缩">图像压缩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9E%E4%BD%93%E9%80%A0%E5%9E%8B" title="实体造型">实体造型</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">应用计算</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%95%86%E5%8A%A1" title="电子商务">电子商务</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%81%E4%B8%9A%E7%BA%A7%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="企业级软件">企业级软件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="计算数学">计算数学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="计算物理学">计算物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="计算化学">计算化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="计算生物学">计算生物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="計算社會科學">計算社會科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="医学信息学">医学信息学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF" title="数字艺术">数字艺术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88" title="電子出版">電子出版</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E7%B5%A1%E6%88%B0" title="網絡戰">網絡戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F" title="电子游戏">电子游戏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E5%99%A8" title="文字处理器">文字处理器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8B%E7%B1%8C%E5%AD%B8" title="運籌學">運籌學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="教育技术学">教育技术学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="生物信息学">生物信息学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="认知科学">认知科学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="文件管理系统" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Document management system"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文件管理系统（页面不存在）">文件管理系统</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_management_system" class="extiw" title="en:Document management system"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Document management system</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:计算机科学">分类</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="Portal:資訊科技">主题</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="专题"><img alt="专题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span><b><a 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="科学、技术、-&#123;A&#124;zh-cn:信息;_zh-tw:資訊;&#125;-的-&#123;A&#124;zh-cn:可视化;_zh-tw:視覺化;&#125;-" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="Template:可视化"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="Template talk:可视化"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物学数据可视化（页面不存在）">生物学数据可视化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_data_visualization" class="extiw" title="en:Biological data visualization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Biological data visualization</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学成像" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chemical imaging"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学成像（页面不存在）">化学成像</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_imaging" class="extiw" title="en:Chemical imaging"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chemical imaging</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%AA%E8%A1%8C%E7%BB%98%E5%9B%BE" title="罪行绘图">罪行绘图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="数据可视化">数据可视化</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#教育可视化">教育可视化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="流动可视化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Flow visualization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E5%8A%A8%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="流动可视化（页面不存在）">流动可视化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_visualization" class="extiw" title="en:Flow visualization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Flow visualization</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E8%A6%96%E8%A6%BA%E5%8C%96" title="地理視覺化">地理視覺化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="信息可视化">信息可视化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="数学可视化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mathematical diagram"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="数学可视化（页面不存在）">数学可视化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_diagram" class="extiw" title="en:Mathematical diagram"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mathematical diagram</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E5%BD%B1%E5%83%8F" title="醫學影像">醫學影像</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="分子图形学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Molecular graphics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分子图形学（页面不存在）">分子图形学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_graphics" class="extiw" title="en:Molecular graphics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Molecular graphics</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#产品可视化">产品可视化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96" title="科学可视化">科学可视化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="软件可视化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Software visualization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="软件可视化（页面不存在）">软件可视化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_visualization" class="extiw" title="en:Software visualization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Software visualization</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%9B%BE" class="mw-disambig" title="工程制图">工程製图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="用户界面设计">用户界面设计</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="视觉文化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Visual culture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%89%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="视觉文化（页面不存在）">视觉文化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_culture" class="extiw" title="en:Visual culture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Visual culture</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E4%BD%93%E6%B8%B2%E6%9F%93" title="立体渲染">立体渲染</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">图像类型</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%9C%96%E8%A1%A8" title="統計圖表">统计图表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E8%A7%A3" title="图解">图解</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%9C%96" title="工程圖">工程图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2" title="函数图形">函数图形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E6%84%8F%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="形意文字">形意文字</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE" title="地图">地图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E7%89%87" class="mw-redirect" title="相片">相片</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="象形文字">象形文字</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Plot (图形)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Plot (graphics)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plot_(%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plot (图形)（页面不存在）">Plot</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plot_(graphics)" class="extiw" title="en:Plot (graphics)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Plot (graphics)</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BA%E6%84%8F%E5%9B%BE" title="示意图">示意图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2" title="统计图形">统计图形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC" title="表格">表格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%88%B6%E5%9B%BE" title="技术制图">工程製图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E5%B7%A5%E5%9C%96" title="施工圖">施工圖</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技术插图" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Technical illustration"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%8F%92%E5%9B%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="技术插图（页面不存在）">技术插图</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_illustration" class="extiw" title="en:Technical illustration"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Technical illustration</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2" title="用户界面">用户界面</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE_(%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6)" title="图 (数学)">图</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相关人士</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雅克·贝尔汀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jacques Bertin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%85%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%B1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雅克·贝尔汀（页面不存在）">雅克·贝尔汀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Bertin" class="extiw" title="en:Jacques Bertin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jacques Bertin</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="辛西娅·布鲁尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cynthia Brewer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%9B%E8%A5%BF%E5%A8%85%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="辛西娅·布鲁尔（页面不存在）">辛西娅·布鲁尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynthia_Brewer" class="extiw" title="en:Cynthia Brewer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cynthia Brewer</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="斯图加特·卡德" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stuart Card"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%8A%A0%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯图加特·卡德（页面不存在）">斯图加特·卡德</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart_Card" class="extiw" title="en:Stuart Card"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stuart Card</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="托马斯·德凡提" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Thomas A. DeFanti"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%A1%E6%8F%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托马斯·德凡提（页面不存在）">托马斯·德凡提</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_A._DeFanti" class="extiw" title="en:Thomas A. DeFanti"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Thomas A. DeFanti</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="博尔登·丹特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Borden Dent"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%9A%E5%B0%94%E7%99%BB%C2%B7%E4%B8%B9%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="博尔登·丹特（页面不存在）">博尔登·丹特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borden_Dent" class="extiw" title="en:Borden Dent"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Borden Dent</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E5%BE%B7%E5%88%A9" title="迈克尔·路易斯·弗兰德利">迈克尔·路易斯·弗兰德利</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乔治·弗纳斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="George Furnas"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乔治·弗纳斯（页面不存在）">乔治·弗纳斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Furnas" class="extiw" title="en:George Furnas"><span lang="en" dir="auto">George Furnas</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%B1%89%E6%8B%89%E6%81%A9" title="帕特里克·汉拉恩">帕特里克·汉拉恩</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="奈杰尔·福尔摩斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nigel Holmes"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%88%E6%9D%B0%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%94%E6%91%A9%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奈杰尔·福尔摩斯（页面不存在）">奈杰尔·福尔摩斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigel_Holmes" class="extiw" title="en:Nigel Holmes"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nigel Holmes</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="克里斯托弗·约翰逊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Christopher R. Johnson"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%E9%80%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克里斯托弗·约翰逊（页面不存在）">克里斯托弗·约翰逊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_R._Johnson" class="extiw" title="en:Christopher R. Johnson"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Christopher R. Johnson</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="戈登·金德尔曼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gordon Kindlmann"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%88%E7%99%BB%C2%B7%E9%87%91%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戈登·金德尔曼（页面不存在）">戈登·金德尔曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_Kindlmann" class="extiw" title="en:Gordon Kindlmann"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gordon Kindlmann</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%87%AF%E5%BA%93%E5%8B%92" title="奥古斯特·凯库勒">奥古斯特·凯库勒</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="曼努埃尔·利马" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Manuel Lima"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%BC%E5%8A%AA%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%88%A9%E9%A9%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="曼努埃尔·利马（页面不存在）">曼努埃尔·利马</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Lima" class="extiw" title="en:Manuel Lima"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Manuel Lima</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿伦·马西阿克伦" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Alan MacEachren"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%A5%BF%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E4%BC%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿伦·马西阿克伦（页面不存在）">阿伦·马西阿克伦</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_MacEachren" class="extiw" title="en:Alan MacEachren"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Alan MacEachren</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乔克·D·麦金莱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jock D. Mackinlay"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%94%E5%85%8B%C2%B7D%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E9%87%91%E8%8E%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乔克·D·麦金莱（页面不存在）">乔克·D·麦金莱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jock_D._Mackinlay" class="extiw" title="en:Jock D. Mackinlay"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jock D. Mackinlay</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="迈克尔·马尔茨" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Michael Maltz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E8%8C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="迈克尔·马尔茨（页面不存在）">迈克尔·马尔茨</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Maltz" class="extiw" title="en:Michael Maltz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Michael Maltz</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="布鲁斯·麦考密克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bruce H. McCormick"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E8%80%83%E5%AF%86%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布鲁斯·麦考密克（页面不存在）">布鲁斯·麦考密克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_H._McCormick" class="extiw" title="en:Bruce H. McCormick"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bruce H. McCormick</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="米里亚·迈耶" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Miriah Meyer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E8%BF%88%E8%80%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米里亚·迈耶（页面不存在）">米里亚·迈耶</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miriah_Meyer" class="extiw" title="en:Miriah Meyer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Miriah Meyer</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E7%B4%8D%E5%BE%B7" title="查爾斯·約瑟夫·米納德">查爾斯·約瑟夫·米納德</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鲁道夫·莫德利" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rudolf Modley"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B2%81%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%BE%B7%E5%88%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鲁道夫·莫德利（页面不存在）">鲁道夫·莫德利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Modley" class="extiw" title="en:Rudolf Modley"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rudolf Modley</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%92%99%E6%97%A5" title="加斯帕尔·蒙日">加斯帕尔·蒙日</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="塔玛拉·蒙兹纳" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tamara Munzner"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%94%E7%8E%9B%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E8%92%99%E5%85%B9%E7%BA%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塔玛拉·蒙兹纳（页面不存在）">塔玛拉·蒙兹纳</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamara_Munzner" class="extiw" title="en:Tamara Munzner"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tamara Munzner</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%96%C2%B7%E7%B4%90%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="奧圖·紐拉特">奧圖·紐拉特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E7%BE%85%E5%80%AB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%8D%97%E4%B8%81%E6%A0%BC%E7%88%BE" title="弗羅倫斯·南丁格爾">弗羅倫斯·南丁格爾</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="汉斯珀特·菲斯特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hanspeter Pfister"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B1%89%E6%96%AF%E7%8F%80%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%8F%B2%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="汉斯珀特·菲斯特（页面不存在）">汉斯珀特·菲斯特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanspeter_Pfister" class="extiw" title="en:Hanspeter Pfister"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hanspeter Pfister</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E5%88%A9%E5%BC%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%9A%AE%E5%AF%87%E5%BC%97" title="柯利弗德·皮寇弗">柯利弗德·皮寇弗</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="威廉·普莱费尔" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="William Playfair"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%99%AE%E8%8E%B1%E8%B4%B9%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威廉·普莱费尔（页面不存在）">威廉·普莱费尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Playfair" class="extiw" title="en:William Playfair"><span lang="en" dir="auto">William Playfair</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡尔·威廉·波尔克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Karl Wilhelm Pohlke"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%94%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡尔·威廉·波尔克（页面不存在）">卡尔·威廉·波尔克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Wilhelm_Pohlke" class="extiw" title="en:Karl Wilhelm Pohlke"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Karl Wilhelm Pohlke</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%97%E4%BC%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%9B%85%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%87%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%8B%92" class="mw-redirect" title="朗伯·阿道夫·雅克·凯特勒">朗伯·阿道夫·雅克·凯特勒</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乔治·罗伯逊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="George G. Robertson"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E9%80%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乔治·罗伯逊（页面不存在）">乔治·罗伯逊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_G._Robertson" class="extiw" title="en:George G. Robertson"><span lang="en" dir="auto">George G. Robertson</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亚瑟·H·鲁滨逊" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Arthur H. Robinson"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E7%91%9F%C2%B7H%C2%B7%E9%B2%81%E6%BB%A8%E9%80%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚瑟·H·鲁滨逊（页面不存在）">亚瑟·H·鲁滨逊</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_H._Robinson" class="extiw" title="en:Arthur H. Robinson"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Arthur H. Robinson</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="劳伦斯·罗森布鲁姆" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lawrence J. Rosenblum"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%B3%E4%BC%A6%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%A3%AE%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E5%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劳伦斯·罗森布鲁姆（页面不存在）">劳伦斯·罗森布鲁姆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_J._Rosenblum" class="extiw" title="en:Lawrence J. Rosenblum"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lawrence J. Rosenblum</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="本·施耐德曼" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ben Shneiderman"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E6%96%BD%E8%80%90%E5%BE%B7%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="本·施耐德曼（页面不存在）">本·施耐德曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Shneiderman" class="extiw" title="en:Ben Shneiderman"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ben Shneiderman</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E6%BE%A4%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E9%81%94%E7%89%B9" title="弗雷澤·斯托達特">弗雷澤·斯托達特</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="爱德华·塔夫特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Edward Tufte"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E5%A4%AB%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="爱德华·塔夫特（页面不存在）">爱德华·塔夫特</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Tufte" class="extiw" title="en:Edward Tufte"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Edward Tufte</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="费尔南达·维加斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fernanda Viégas"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%B9%E5%B0%94%E5%8D%97%E8%BE%BE%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="费尔南达·维加斯（页面不存在）">费尔南达·维加斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernanda_Vi%C3%A9gas" class="extiw" title="en:Fernanda Viégas"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fernanda Viégas</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿德·奥卢费科" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ade Olufeko"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%8D%A2%E8%B4%B9%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿德·奥卢费科（页面不存在）">阿德·奥卢费科</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ade_Olufeko" class="extiw" title="en:Ade Olufeko"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ade Olufeko</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="霍华德·韦纳" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Howard Wainer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9C%8D%E5%8D%8E%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E7%BA%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="霍华德·韦纳（页面不存在）">霍华德·韦纳</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Wainer" class="extiw" title="en:Howard Wainer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Howard Wainer</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="马丁·瓦滕伯格" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Martin M. Wattenberg"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E6%BB%95%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="马丁·瓦滕伯格（页面不存在）">马丁·瓦滕伯格</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_M._Wattenberg" class="extiw" title="en:Martin M. Wattenberg"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Martin M. Wattenberg</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="黄邦" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bang Wong"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%84%E9%82%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黄邦（页面不存在）">黄邦</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bang_Wong" class="extiw" title="en:Bang Wong"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bang Wong</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相关软件</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">可视化软件</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prot%C3%A9g%C3%A9" title="Protégé">Protégé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="Sirius可视化软件">Sirius可视化软件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VisIt" title="VisIt">VisIt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">数值分析软件</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scilab" title="Scilab">Scilab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相关主题</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机图形学">计算机图形学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8D%E5%9B%BE" title="位图">位图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%89%E5%8C%96" title="视觉化">视觉化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" title="图像处理">图像处理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2" title="计算机图形">计算机图形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%BB" title="计算机动画">计算机动画</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E6%A8%A1%E6%8B%9F" title="计算机模拟">计算机模拟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="科學模型">科學模型</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1" title="Template:计算机建模">计算机建模导航模板</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%9C%BA%E4%BA%A4%E4%BA%92" title="人机交互">人机交互</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2" title="用户界面">用户界面</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%95%8C%E9%9D%A2" title="图形用户界面">图形用户界面</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%80%E8%A7%81%E5%8D%B3%E6%89%80%E5%BE%97" title="所见即所得">所见即所得</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E7%A4%BA" title="圖示">图示</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9A%E6%8B%9F%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E" title="虚拟现实">虚拟现实</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E5%83%8F%E5%BC%8F%E6%80%9D%E8%80%83%E8%BC%94%E5%8A%A9%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7" title="圖像式思考輔助工具">图像式思考辅助工具</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%85%E4%BA%8B%E6%9D%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="故事板">故事板</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%B7%9D%E5%9B%BE" title="石川图">魚骨圖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8E%E5%BC%95%E5%9C%96" title="導引圖">導引圖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%98%E6%86%B6%E6%A8%B9" title="記憶樹">記憶樹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E6%99%BA%E5%9B%BE" title="心智图">心智圖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E5%9B%BE" title="流程图">流程圖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BE" title="欧拉图">欧拉图</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE%E5%AD%A6" title="地图学">地图学<small>（又稱“製图学”）</small></a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="无效的图表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chartjunk"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A0%E6%95%88%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BE%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="无效的图表（页面不存在）">无效的图表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chartjunk" class="extiw" title="en:Chartjunk"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chartjunk</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="图形绘制" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Graph drawing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E7%BB%98%E5%88%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="图形绘制（页面不存在）">图形绘制</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_drawing" class="extiw" title="en:Graph drawing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Graph drawing</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="平面设计">平面设计<small>（又稱“图形设计”）</small></a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="成像科学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Imaging science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="成像科学（页面不存在）">成像科学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaging_science" class="extiw" title="en:Imaging science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Imaging science</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="信息科学">信息科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2" title="信息图形">信息图形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E5%83%8F" title="心像">心像</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="误导性影像" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Misleading graph"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%AF%E5%AF%BC%E6%80%A7%E5%BD%B1%E5%83%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="误导性影像（页面不存在）">误导性影像</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misleading_graph" class="extiw" title="en:Misleading graph"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Misleading graph</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F" title="神经成像">神经成像</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="专利图" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Patent drawing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%93%E5%88%A9%E5%9B%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="专利图（页面不存在）">专利图</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent_drawing" class="extiw" title="en:Patent drawing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Patent drawing</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="空间分析">空间分析</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%86%E5%8C%96%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E8%AE%BA" title="可视化分析论">可视化分析论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E7%9F%A5%E8%A7%89" class="mw-redirect" title="视知觉">视知觉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%AD%A6" title="统计学">统计学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E5%83%8F%E5%AD%B8" title="圖像學">圖像學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E5%83%8F%E8%A8%98%E8%AD%9C" title="圖像記譜">圖像記譜</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <li>參見：<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="Portal:科學">科學</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="Portal:資訊科技">資訊科技</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="Portal:設計">設計</a></li> 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data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>25种语言</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>添加话题</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> 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