CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="cdo" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>短寫 - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )cdowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"cdo" ,"wgMonthNames":["","Ék nguŏk","Nê nguŏk","Săng nguŏk","Sé nguŏk","Ngô nguŏk","Lĕ̤k nguŏk","Chék nguŏk","Báik nguŏk","Gāu nguŏk","Sĕk nguŏk","Sĕk-ék nguŏk","Sĕk-nê nguŏk"],"wgRequestId":"0b7c8447-3e48-4b1f-a41a-beff78d68168","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"短寫","wgTitle":"短寫","wgCurRevisionId":100767,"wgRevisionId":100767,"wgArticleId":35942,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["有未知參數其引用其頁面","短寫","詞彙學"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"cdo","wgPageContentLanguage":"cdo","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"短寫","wgRelevantArticleId":35942,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"cdo","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"cdo"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":1000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q102786","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready", "user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints", "ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cdo&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=cdo&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cdo&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="短寫 - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//cdo.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="編輯" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (cdo)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//cdo.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.cdo"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia 的 Atom 來源" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E5%85%B6%E6%94%B9%E8%AE%8A&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-短寫 rootpage-短寫 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳至內容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站台"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主選單" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">主選單</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主選單</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Īng-dô̤ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%AD%E9%A0%81" title="去頭頁[z]" accesskey="z"><span>頭頁</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Du%C3%A2i_ch%C3%A9u_%C3%A2" title="查看當前事件的背景資訊"><span>Duâi chéu â</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guestbook_for_Non-Min-Dong_Speakers" title="關於本專案、您可以做什麼、哪裡可以找到您需要的事物"><span>社里門喙口</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E5%85%B6%E6%94%B9%E8%AE%8A" title="列出此 Wiki 中的近期變更清單[r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近的改變</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E9%9A%A8%E4%BE%BF%E5%85%B6%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="進入隨機頁面[x]" accesskey="x"><span>Sùi-biêng muōng káng</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%AB%E5%8A%A9:M%C5%ADk-lu%C5%8Fh" title="尋求協助的地方"><span>說明</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%AD%E9%A0%81" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cdo.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%B0%8B%E8%A8%8E" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="在Wikipedia搜尋[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>搜揣</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="佇Wikipedia揣" aria-label="佇Wikipedia揣" autocapitalize="sentences" title="在Wikipedia搜尋[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="特殊:尋討"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">揣</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="個人家私"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外觀"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改頁面的字體大小、寬度和顏色的外觀" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外觀" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外觀</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cdo.wikipedia.org&uselang=cdo" class=""><span>寄付</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E9%96%8B%E8%B3%AC%E6%88%B6&returnto=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB" title="我們會鼓勵您建立一個帳號並且登入，即使這不是必要的動作。" class=""><span>開新口座</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B6%E8%BA%92%E5%BA%95&returnto=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB" title="建議您先登入，但並非必要。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登入</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多選項" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="個人家私" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">個人家私</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="使用者選單" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cdo.wikipedia.org&uselang=cdo"><span>寄付</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%81%9A%E5%87%BA%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>貢獻</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E9%96%8B%E8%B3%AC%E6%88%B6&returnto=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB" title="我們會鼓勵您建立一個帳號並且登入，即使這不是必要的動作。"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>開新口座</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B6%E8%BA%92%E5%BA%95&returnto=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB" title="建議您先登入，但並非必要。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登入</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 用於已登出編輯者的頁面 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%AB%E5%8A%A9:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%96%80" aria-label="了解更多有關編輯"><span>了解更多</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E6%88%91%E5%85%B6%E8%A8%8E%E8%AB%96" title="有關來自此 IP 位址編輯的討論[n]" accesskey="n"><span>Cī ciáh IP gì tō̤-lâung-hiĕk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Ecĕk lâi\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"cdo\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"width: 98%; margin: 5px auto 0; border: solid 1px #e0e0c0; background-color: #ffffe0; text-align: center; font-style: italic;\"\u003E\n\u003Cp lang=\"cdo-hani\"\u003E若是有福州話漢字無能耐顯示出來，請汝參考\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Unicode%E6%93%B4%E5%B1%95%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97\" title=\"Wikipedia:Unicode擴展漢字\"\u003EWikipedia:Unicode擴展漢字\u003C/a\u003E。\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cp lang=\"cdo-latn\"\u003ENâ sê ô Hók-ciŭ-uâ Háng-cê mò̤-niĕ-ài hiēng-sê chók lì,\u003Cbr /\u003E chiāng nṳ̄ chăng-kō̤ \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Unicode%E6%93%B4%E5%B1%95%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97\" title=\"Wikipedia:Unicode擴展漢字\"\u003EWikipedia:Unicode擴展漢字\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站台"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-註" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>註</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="切換目次" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">切換目次</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">短寫</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有 93 種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 阿布哈茲文" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="阿布哈茲文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afkorting" title="Afkorting – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Afkorting" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviadura" title="Abreviadura – 阿拉貢文" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Abreviadura" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉貢文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1_(%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9)" title="اختصار (لغة) – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اختصار (لغة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatura" title="Abreviatura – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Abreviatura" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatur" title="Abreviatur – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Abreviatur" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 巴什喀爾文" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什喀爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_anceng" title="Aksara anceng – 峇里文" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Aksara anceng" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="峇里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абрэвіятура – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Абрэвіятура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абрэвіятура – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Абрэвіятура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абревиатура – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Абревиатура" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A3" title="সংক্ষেপণ – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সংক্ষেপণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviaci%C3%B3" title="Abreviació – 加泰蘭文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Abreviació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 車臣文" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="車臣文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zkratka" title="Zkratka – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zkratka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 楚瓦什文" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byrfodd" title="Byrfodd – 威爾斯文" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Byrfodd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威爾斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forkortelse" title="Forkortelse – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Forkortelse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abk%C3%BCrzung" title="Abkürzung – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abkürzung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1lmkerd%C4%B1%C5%9F" title="Kılmkerdış – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kılmkerdış" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Συντομογραφία – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συντομογραφία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviation" title="Abbreviation – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Abbreviation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallongigo" title="Mallongigo – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mallongigo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatura" title="Abreviatura – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Abreviatura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BChend" title="Lühend – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lühend" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laburdura" title="Laburdura – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Laburdura" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA" title="کوته‌نوشت – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوته‌نوشت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyhenne" title="Lyhenne – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lyhenne" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abr%C3%A9viation" title="Abréviation – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Abréviation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofkoarting" title="Ofkoarting – 西弗里西亞文" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ofkoarting" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorr%C3%BAch%C3%A1n_(teanga)" title="Giorrúchán (teanga) – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Giorrúchán (teanga)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorrachadh" title="Giorrachadh – 蘇格蘭蓋爾文" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Giorrachadh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭蓋爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatura" title="Abreviatura – 加利西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Abreviatura" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4_%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A6" title="સંક્ષિપ્ત શબ્દ – 古吉拉特文" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સંક્ષિપ્ત શબ્દ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suk-si%C3%A1" title="Suk-siá – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Suk-siá" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0" title="सूचकाक्षर – 印地文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सूचकाक्षर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratica" title="Kratica – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kratica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviyasyon" title="Abreviyasyon – 海地文" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Abreviyasyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6vid%C3%ADt%C3%A9s" title="Rövidítés – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rövidítés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Հապավում – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հապավում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singkatan" title="Singkatan – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Singkatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviuro" title="Abreviuro – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Abreviuro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skammst%C3%B6fun" title="Skammstöfun – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skammstöfun" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviazione" title="Abbreviazione – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abbreviazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%A5%E8%AA%9E" title="略語 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="略語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90)" title="აბრევიატურა (ენათმეცნიერება) – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბრევიატურა (ენათმეცნიერება)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asegzel_(tutlayt)" title="Asegzel (tutlayt) – 卡比爾文" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asegzel (tutlayt)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡比爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A3" title="ಸಂಕ್ಷೇಪಣ – 坎那達文" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಂಕ್ಷೇಪಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="坎那達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%80%EB%A7%90" title="준말 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="준말" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affk%C3%B6%C3%B6zung_(Schriive)" title="Affköözung (Schriive) – 科隆文" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Affköözung (Schriive)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="科隆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 吉爾吉斯文" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="吉爾吉斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviatio" title="Abbreviatio – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Abbreviatio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofkierzung" title="Ofkierzung – 盧森堡文" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ofkierzung" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="盧森堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviat%C5%ABra" title="Abreviatūra – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Abreviatūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Скратеница – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Скратеница" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ചുരുക്കെഴുത്ത് – 馬來亞拉姆文" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചുരുക്കെഴുത്ത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="馬來亞拉姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Товчлол – 蒙古文" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Товчлол" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singkatan_kata" title="Singkatan kata – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Singkatan kata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Киртянь валт – 厄爾茲亞文" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Киртянь валт" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄爾茲亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afk%C3%B6rten" title="Afkörten – 低地德文" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Afkörten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afkorting" title="Afkorting – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Afkorting" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forkorting" title="Forkorting – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Forkorting" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forkortelse" title="Forkortelse – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Forkortelse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skr%C3%B3t" title="Skrót – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Skrót" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%81%D9%81" title="مخفف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مخفف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatura" title="Abreviatura – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Abreviatura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviere" title="Abreviere – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Abreviere" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amagambo_ahinnye" title="Amagambo ahinnye – 盧安達文" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Amagambo ahinnye" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="盧安達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%81%D9%81" title="مخفف – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مخفف" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratica" title="Kratica – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kratica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviation" title="Abbreviation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Abbreviation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratica" title="Kratica – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kratica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkurtesa" title="Shkurtesa – 阿爾巴尼亞文" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkurtesa" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿爾巴尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Скраћеница – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Скраћеница" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6rkortning" title="Förkortning – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Förkortning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kifupi" title="Kifupi – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kifupi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="அஃகுப்பெயர் – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அஃகுப்பெயர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82" title="Кӯтаҳнавишт – 塔吉克文" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кӯтаҳнавишт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbrewiatura" title="Abbrewiatura – 土庫曼文" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Abbrewiatura" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土庫曼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1saltma" title="Kısaltma – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kısaltma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 韃靼文" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="韃靼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абревіатура – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Абревіатура" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%81%D9%81" title="مخفف – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مخفف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviatura" title="Abbreviatura – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abbreviatura" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BA%BFt_t%E1%BA%AFt" title="Viết tắt – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Viết tắt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BC%A9%E5%86%99" title="缩写 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="缩写" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98" title="קורץ ווארט – 意第緒文" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קורץ ווארט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第緒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80k%E1%BB%8D%CC%80m%E1%BB%8D%CC%80n%C3%A0" title="Àkọ̀mọ̀nà – 約魯巴文" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àkọ̀mọ̀nà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="約魯巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB" title="縮寫 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="縮寫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sok-si%C3%A1-s%C3%BB" title="Sok-siá-sû – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sok-siá-sû" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%9B%E7%AD%86" title="減筆 – 粵語" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="減筆" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粵語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q102786#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Siŭ-gāi gì-tă ngṳ̄-ngiòng gì lièng-giék" class="wbc-editpage">Siŭ-gāi lièng-giék</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB" title="看內容頁[c]" accesskey="c"><span>頁</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%8E%E8%AB%96:%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="有關頁面內容的討論（無彼頁）[t]" accesskey="t"><span>討論</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="變更語言變體" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB"><span>讀</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&veaction=edit" title="編輯此頁面[v]" accesskey="v"><span>編輯</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=edit" title="編輯此頁面的原始碼[e]" accesskey="e"><span>Gāi nguòng-mā</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=history" title="此頁面先前的修訂[h]" accesskey="h"><span>看歷史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gă-sĭ" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gă-sĭ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">家私</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多選項" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB"><span>讀</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&veaction=edit" title="編輯此頁面[v]" accesskey="v"><span>編輯</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=edit" title="編輯此頁面的原始碼[e]" accesskey="e"><span>Gāi nguòng-mā</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=history"><span>看歷史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 一般 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E7%94%9A%E4%B9%87%E9%8F%88%E9%81%98%E5%9A%BD%E5%A1%8A/%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB" title="列出所有連結此頁面的頁面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>Diē-nē̤ lièng gáu cē̤-nē̤</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%94%B9%E8%AE%8A%E5%85%B6%E9%8F%88%E6%8E%A5/%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB" rel="nofollow" title="此頁面連結至其他頁面的近期變更[k]" accesskey="k"><span>Ô-găng-guó gì gāi-biéng</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cdo" title="上傳檔案[u]" accesskey="u"><span>Siông-duòng ùng-giông</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A0%81" title="全部特殊頁面的清單[q]" accesskey="q"><span>Dĕk-sṳ̀ hiĕk</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&oldid=100767" title="此頁面修訂的固定連結"><span>固定連結</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=info" title="更多關於此頁面的資訊"><span>頁資訊</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E8%A8%BB&page=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&id=100767&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="īng-ê̤ṳng cī bĭh hiĕk-miêng gì huŏng-huák"><span>引用此頁面</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:URL%E7%B8%AE%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%259F%25AD%25E5%25AF%25AB"><span>取得短網址</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%259F%25AD%25E5%25AF%25AB"><span>下載QR碼</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Páh-éng/Dô̤-chók </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E6%9B%B8&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB"><span>Siā siàng cṳ̆</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=show-download-screen"><span>Hâ-cāi siàng PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&printable=yes" title="此頁面的可列印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>印刷版本</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ciā-muói gĕ̤ng-tiàng </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Abbreviation" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q102786" title="連結至已連接的資料儲存庫項目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata hâung-mŭk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外觀"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外觀</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">對Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cdo" dir="ltr"><p><b>短寫</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="英語">英語</a>：abbreviation，<i>abbr.</i><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>），復號𡅏<b>縮寫</b>、<b>省略</b>、<b>縮略</b>、<b>節略</b>、<b>略記</b>、<b>簡略記法</b><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，是使用<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拼音文字（無彼頁）">拼音文字</a>其語言臺中，對稠稠會使其詞組（大多數爲專有其名詞）以及少數常用其詞所採用其簡單其寫法。詞彙其短寫也號𡅏<b>略語</b>、<b>縮語</b>、<b>縮略語</b>、<b>縮寫詞</b>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註"><span id=".E8.A8.BB"></span>註</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&veaction=edit&section=1" title="編輯章節：註" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Siŭ-gāi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=1" title="編輯章節的原始碼：註"><span>Gāi nguòng-mā</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">源自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E6%96%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉丁文（無彼頁）">拉丁文</a>brevis，意思是「短」<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&veaction=edit&section=2" title="編輯章節：參考資料" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Siŭ-gāi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=2" title="編輯章節的原始碼：參考資料"><span>Gāi nguòng-mā</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Séng gĭng sĭng gô iók ciòng cṳ̆: Hók-ciŭ tū-kiŏng. Foochow: Dâi-Ĭng Lièng Nguôi-Guók Séng-Cṳ̆ Huôi. 1908. "Séng gĭng cióng cṳ̆ mŭk-liŏh: Gó-iók. <b>Dōi siā</b>. (...)"</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcdo.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&rft.btitle=S%C3%A9ng+g%C4%ADng+s%C4%ADng+g%C3%B4+i%C3%B3k+ci%C3%B2ng+c%E1%B9%B3%CC%86%3A+H%C3%B3k-ci%C5%AD+t%C5%AB-ki%C5%8Fng&rft.date=1908&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Foochow&rft.pub=D%C3%A2i-%C4%ACng+Li%C3%A8ng+Ngu%C3%B4i-Gu%C3%B3k+S%C3%A9ng-C%E1%B9%B3%CC%86+Hu%C3%B4i&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210429003348/https://www.latin-is-simple.com/en/vocabulary/adjective/91/">brevis/breve, brevis M – Latin is Simple Online Dictionary</a>. <span><i>www.latin-is-simple.com</i><span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latin-is-simple.com/en/vocabulary/adjective/91/">原始內容</a>存檔着2021-04-29）.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcdo.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&rft.atitle=brevis%2Fbreve%2C+brevis+M+%E2%80%93+Latin+is+Simple+Online+Dictionary&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%27%27www.latin-is-simple.com%27%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latin-is-simple.com%2Fen%2Fvocabulary%2Fadjective%2F91%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">已經忽略未知參數<code>|access-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%AB%E5%8A%A9:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%8C%AF%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="幫助:引文格式1錯誤（無彼頁）">幫助</a>)</span></span> </span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220710070221/https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/3246991/">存档副本</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/3246991/">原始內容</a>存檔着2022-07-10）.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcdo.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fterms.naer.edu.tw%2Fdetail%2F3246991%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">已經忽略未知參數<code>|access-date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%AB%E5%8A%A9:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%8C%AF%E8%AA%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="幫助:引文格式1錯誤（無彼頁）">幫助</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">取自「<a dir="ltr" href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=短寫&oldid=100767">https://cdo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=短寫&oldid=100767</a>」</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="特殊:分類">Lôi-biék</a>：<ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E:%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分類:短寫（無彼頁）">短寫</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E:%E8%A9%9E%E5%BD%99%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="分類:詞彙學（無彼頁）">詞彙學</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E:%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%AA%E7%9F%A5%E5%8F%83%E6%95%B8%E5%85%B6%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E5%85%B6%E9%A0%81%E9%9D%A2" title="分類:有未知參數其引用其頁面">有未知參數其引用其頁面</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ciā hiĕk-miêng sê diŏh 15:20, 2023 nièng 12 nguŏk 25 hô̤ (拜一) có̤i-hâiu siŭ-gāi gì.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Buōng câng cuòng-buô ùng-cê găk <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">«Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License»</a> gì dèu-kuāng â-dā̤ tì-gṳ̆ng; hó-gă dèu-kuāng kō̤-nèng iâ sék-ê̤ṳng. Chiāng chăng-kō̤ <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">«Sāi-ê̤ṳng Dèu-kuāng»</a> liēu-gāi gáing sâ̤ séng-sék.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隱私權政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia">關於Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:M%C3%B2%CC%A4_h%C3%B4-c%C3%A1ik_s%C4%ADng-m%C3%ACng">Mò̤ hô-cáik sĭng-mìng</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行為準則</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Kăi-huák-ciā</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/cdo.wikipedia.org">統計</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie sĭng-mìng</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//cdo.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">行動模式</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-cfgc4","wgBackendResponseTime":228,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.052","walltime":"0.071","ppvisitednodes":{"value":162,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":5321,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":80,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":6,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":3865,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 53.562 1 -total"," 76.80% 41.134 1 模板:Reflist"," 51.56% 27.614 1 模板:引書"," 15.91% 8.520 1 模板:Notetag"," 14.95% 8.007 2 模板:引網"," 5.51% 2.949 1 模板:NoteFoot"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.010","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":926982,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-79d69596b6-mr2vl","timestamp":"20241112044020","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u77ed\u5beb","url":"https:\/\/cdo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q102786","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q102786","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7dad\u57fa\u5a92\u9ad4\u5c08\u6848\u8ca2\u737b\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2023-12-25T15:12:19Z","dateModified":"2023-12-25T15:20:33Z"}</script> </body> </html>