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Akhtar</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Suhail Akhtar"> <meta name="keywords" content="Suhail Akhtar"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Suhail Akhtar"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 18</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Suhail Akhtar</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> An Algorithm for Autonomous Aerial Navigation using MATLAB® Mapping Tool Box</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mansoor%20Ahsan">Mansoor Ahsan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suhail%20Akhtar"> Suhail Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adnan%20Ali"> Adnan Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farrukh%20Mazhar"> Farrukh Mazhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muddssar%20Khalid"> Muddssar Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In the present era of aviation technology, autonomous navigation and control have emerged as a prime area of active research. Owing to the tremendous developments in the field, autonomous controls have led today’s engineers to claim that future of aerospace vehicle is unmanned. Development of guidance and navigation algorithms for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an extremely challenging task, which requires efforts to meet strict, and at times, conflicting goals of guidance and control. In this paper, aircraft altitude and heading controllers and an efficient algorithm for self-governing navigation using MATLAB® mapping toolbox is presented which also enables loitering of a fixed wing UAV over a specified area. For this purpose, a nonlinear mathematical model of a UAV is used. The nonlinear model is linearized around a stable trim point and decoupled for controller design. The linear controllers are tested on the nonlinear aircraft model and navigation algorithm is subsequently developed for for autonomous flight of the UAV. The results are presented for trajectory controllers and waypoint based navigation. Our investigation reveals that MATLAB® mapping toolbox can be exploited to successfully deliver an efficient algorithm for autonomous aerial navigation for a UAV.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Navigation" title="Navigation">Navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trajectory-control" title=" trajectory-control"> trajectory-control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unmanned%20aerial%20vehicle" title=" unmanned aerial vehicle"> unmanned aerial vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PID-control" title=" PID-control"> PID-control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MATLAB%C2%AE%20mapping%20toolbox." title=" MATLAB® mapping toolbox."> MATLAB® mapping toolbox.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/an-algorithm-for-autonomous-aerial-navigation-using-matlab-mapping-tool-box" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Suitability of Class F Flyash for Construction Industry: An Indian Scenario</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20N.%20Akhtar">M. N. Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20N.%20Akhtar"> J. N. Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The present study evaluates the properties of class F fly ash as a replacement of natural materials in civil engineering construction industry. The low-lime flash similar to class F is the prime variety generated in India, although it has significantly smaller volumes of high-lime fly ash as compared to class C. The chemical and physical characterization of the sample is carried out with the number of experimental approaches in order to investigate all relevant features present in the samples. For chemical analysis, elementary quantitative results from point analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were used to identify the element images of different fractions. The physical properties found very close to the range of common soils. Furthermore, the fly ash-based bricks were prepared by the same sample of class F fly ash and the results of compressive strength similar to that of Standard Clay Brick Grade 1 available in the local market of India.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Flyash" title="Flyash">Flyash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=class%20F" title=" class F"> class F</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=class%20C" title=" class C"> class C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chemical" title=" chemical"> chemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=physical" title=" physical"> physical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EDS." title=" EDS."> EDS.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/suitability-of-class-f-flyash-for-construction-industry-an-indian-scenario" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009563.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">859</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Investigation of Chaotic Behavior in DC-DC Converters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sajid%20Iqbal">Sajid Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Masood%20Ahmed"> Masood Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suhail%20Aftab%20Qureshi"> Suhail Aftab Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>DC-DC converters are widely used in regulated switched mode power supplies and in DC motor drive applications. There are several sources of unwanted nonlinearity in practical power converters. In addition, their operation is characterized by switching that gives birth to a variety of nonlinear dynamics. DC-DC buck and boost converters controlled by pulse-width modulation (PWM) have been simulated. The voltage waveforms and attractors obtained from the circuit simulation have been studied. With the onset of instability, the phenomenon of subharmonic oscillations, quasi-periodicity, bifurcations, and chaos have been observed. This paper is mainly motivated by potential contributions of chaos theory in the design, analysis and control of power converters, in particular and power electronics circuits, in general.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Buck%20converter" title="Buck converter">Buck converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=boost%20converter" title=" boost converter"> boost converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=period-%20doubling" title=" period- doubling"> period- doubling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chaos" title=" chaos"> chaos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bifurcation" title=" bifurcation"> bifurcation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=strange%20attractor." title=" strange attractor."> strange attractor.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/investigation-of-chaotic-behavior-in-dc-dc-converters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3649</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Cultural Anxiety and Its Impact on Students- Life: A Case Study of International Students in Wuhan University</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nadeem%20Akhtar">Nadeem Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shan%20Bo"> Shan Bo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This article illustrates that how non similar culture become a cause of constant anxiety among international students in China. For that, a survey was carried out among international students of Wuhan University, China. The association among non similar culture, non familiarity of Chinese culture, self finance students and food problem is looked at through a regression line, and in the light of empirical results, a model is anticipated which elucidates these results. Some suggestions were directed at the end which will help to mitigate the anxiety among prospective students in Chinese universities.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anxiety" title="Anxiety">Anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=international%20students" title=" international students"> international students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=non%20similar%20culture" title=" non similar culture"> non similar culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wuhan%20University" title="Wuhan University">Wuhan University</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/cultural-anxiety-and-its-impact-on-students-life-a-case-study-of-international-students-in-wuhan-university" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10739.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1941</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> A Novel QoS Optimization Architecture for 4G Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aaqif%20Afzaal%20Abbasi">Aaqif Afzaal Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Javaid%20Iqbal"> Javaid Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Akhtar%20Nawaz%20Malik"> Akhtar Nawaz Malik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> 4G Communication Networks provide heterogeneous wireless technologies to mobile subscribers through IP based networks and users can avail high speed access while roaming across multiple wireless channels; possible by an organized way to manage the Quality of Service (QoS) functionalities in these networks. This paper proposes the idea of developing a novel QoS optimization architecture that will judge the user requirements and knowing peak times of services utilization can save the bandwidth/cost factors. The proposed architecture can be customized according to the network usage priorities so as to considerably improve a network-s QoS performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=QoS" title="QoS">QoS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Network%20Coverage%20Boundary" title=" Network Coverage Boundary"> Network Coverage Boundary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ServicesArchives%20Units%20%28SAU%29" title=" ServicesArchives Units (SAU)"> ServicesArchives Units (SAU)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cumulative%20Services%20Archives%20Units%20%28CSAU%29." title=" Cumulative Services Archives Units (CSAU)."> Cumulative Services Archives Units (CSAU).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/a-novel-qos-optimization-architecture-for-4g-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2021</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Pervasiveness of Aflatoxin in Peanuts Growing in the Area of Pothohar, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mateen%20Abbas">Mateen Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdul%20Muqeet%20Khan"> Abdul Muqeet Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Rafique%20Asi"> Muhammad Rafique Asi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Javed%20Akhtar"> Javed Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mycotoxin (aflatoxins) contamination of peanuts is a great concern for human health. A total of 72 samples of unripe, roasted, and salty peanuts were collected randomly from Pothohar plateau of Pakistan for the assessment of aflatoxin. Samples were dried, ground and extracted by acetonitrile (84%). The filtered extracts were cleaned up by MycoSep-226 and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with flourescence detector. Quantification limit of Aflatoxin was 1 μg/kg and 70% Recovery was observed in spiked samples in the range 1–10 μg/kg. The screening of mycotoxins indicated that aflatoxins were present in most of the samples being detected in 82%, in concentrations from 14.25 μg/kg to 98.80 μg/kg. Optimal conditions for mycotoxin production and fungal growth are frequently found in the crop fields as well as in store houses. Human exposure of such toxin can be controlled by pointed out such awareness and implemented the regulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aflatoxin" title="Aflatoxin">Aflatoxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HPLC" title=" HPLC"> HPLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peanuts" title=" Peanuts"> Peanuts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Punjab" title=" Punjab"> Punjab</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/pervasiveness-of-aflatoxin-in-peanuts-growing-in-the-area-of-pothohar-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Some Rotational Flows of an Incompressible Fluid of Variable Viscosity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rana%20Khalid%20Naeem">Rana Khalid Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Waseem%20Ahmed%20Khan"> Waseem Ahmed Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Akhtar"> Muhammad Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asif%20Mansoor"> Asif Mansoor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The Navier Stokes Equations (NSE) for an incompressible fluid of variable viscosity in the presence of an unknown external force in Von-Mises system x,\ are transformed, and some new exact solutions for a class of flows characterized by equation y f x a\b for an arbitrary state equation are determined, where f x is a function, \ the stream function, a z 0 and b are the arbitrary constants. In three, out of four cases, the function f x is arbitrary, and the solutions are the solutions of the flow equations for all the flows characterized by the equationy f x a\b. Streamline patterns for some forms of f x in unbounded and bounded regions are given.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bounded%20and%20unbounded%20region" title="Bounded and unbounded region">Bounded and unbounded region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Exact%20solution" title=" Exact solution"> Exact solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Navier%20Stokes%20equations" title=" Navier Stokes equations"> Navier Stokes equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Streamline%20pattern" title=" Streamline pattern"> Streamline pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Variable%20viscosity" title=" Variable viscosity"> Variable viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Von-%20Mises%20system" title=" Von- Mises system"> Von- Mises system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/some-rotational-flows-of-an-incompressible-fluid-of-variable-viscosity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11824.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Reliability Factors Based Fuzzy Logic Scheme for Spectrum Sensing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tallataf%20Rasheed">Tallataf Rasheed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Adnan%20Rashdi"> Adnan Rashdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmad%20Naeem%20Akhtar"> Ahmad Naeem Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The accurate spectrum sensing is a fundamental requirement of dynamic spectrum access for deployment of Cognitive Radio Network (CRN). To acheive this requirement a Reliability factors based Fuzzy Logic (RFL) Scheme for Spectrum Sensing has been proposed in this paper. Cognitive Radio User (CRU) predicts the presence or absence of Primary User (PU) using energy detector and calculates the Reliability factors which are SNR of sensing node, threshold of energy detector and decision difference of each node with other nodes in a cooperative spectrum sensing environment. Then the decision of energy detector is combined with Reliability factors of sensing node using Fuzzy Logic. These Reliability Factors used in RFL Scheme describes the reliability of decision made by a CRU to improve the local spectrum sensing. This Fuzzy combining scheme provides the accuracy of decision made by sensornode. The simulation results have shown that the proposed technique provide better PU detection probability than existing Spectrum Sensing Techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cognitive%20radio" title="Cognitive radio">Cognitive radio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spectrum%20sensing" title=" spectrum sensing"> spectrum sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=energy%20detector" title=" energy detector"> energy detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reliability%20factors" title=" reliability factors"> reliability factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fuzzy%20logic." title=" fuzzy logic."> fuzzy logic.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/reliability-factors-based-fuzzy-logic-scheme-for-spectrum-sensing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1065</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Investigation of Compliance of the Prevailing Import Murabah'a to Sharia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aqeel%20Akhtar">Aqeel Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of prevailing modes of finance in emerging Islamic banking system is Murabah’a. It means a financial dealing or transaction in which seller tells cost of the goods to be sold to buyer. Otherwise, the transaction would become invalid. In this mainstream, import Murabah’a transaction is divergent in such a way that the cost is not recognized and identified due to execution of import transaction in foreign currency i.e. US Dollar and the next transaction of Murabaha’a with the client is executed in local currency. Since this transaction is executed in dual currency i.e. bank pays supplier in foreign currency and executes Murabah’a with its client in local currency and it is not allowed in according to Islamic Injunctions as mentioned in hadith narrated by Hazrat Ibn-e-Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) used to sell his camels with Dirhams and take dinars instead and vice versa. Upon revealing before the Prophet (Peace be upon him), he was advised that it must not be contingent in the agreement and the ready rate would be applied and possession of one of the consideration is compulsory. The solution in this regard is that the import Murabah’a transaction should be in single currency However, other currency can be paid in payment at the time of payment in a very indispensable situation provided that ready rate would be applied. Moreover, some of other solutions have also been given in this regard. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shariah%20compliance" title="Shariah compliance">Shariah compliance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=import%20murabaha" title=" import murabaha"> import murabaha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=islamic%0D%0Abanking" title=" islamic banking"> islamic banking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=product%20development." title=" product development."> product development.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/investigation-of-compliance-of-the-prevailing-import-murabaha-to-sharia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1643</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Efficacy of Biosimilar Pegylated Interferon Alpha 40 KD (Peg INF) in Chronic Hepatitis C Infection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ghias%20ul%20Hassan">Ghias ul Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bilal%20Nasir"> Bilal Nasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Israr%20ul%20Haque"> Israr ul Haque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ShafiqAwan"> ShafiqAwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ghias%20Un%20NabiTayyab"> Ghias Un NabiTayyab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Hassan%20Akhtar%20Bokhari"> S. Hassan Akhtar Bokhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khawar%20Saeed"> Khawar Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Qazi%20Masroor"> Qazi Masroor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Introduction: Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin combination is standard of care in the management of chronic HCV infected patients. Efficacy of the therapy is judged by the ability to achieve biochemical and virological response as judged by RVR, EVR, ETR and SVR.Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of newly marketed biosimilar Pegylated Interferon Alpha 40KD (Peg INF) in chronic HCV patients. Materials and methods: This was observational, prospective multicentre study to evaluate the ability of biosimilar pegylated interferon alfa 2a (40KD) along with Ribavirin (weight based) to achieve SVR. The enrolled patients were separated into Naïve (A), Relapsers (B) and Non Responders(C) based on the previous history of interferon exposure and its response. The RGT was followed on ALT and RVR, EVR, ETR and SVR.Results:As per protocol analysis estimated SVR for three groups is 86.6% for naïve, 89.4% for relapsers and 52.4% for non-responders to standard interferon. Conclusion: It is concluded that Bio-similar pegylated interferon alfa-2a (40kD) along with Ribavirin has good anti-viral efficacy in Naïve, Relapsers and Non-responders to standard IFN of chronic HCV infected patients requiring treatment.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=SVR%20%28Sustained%20virological%20response%29" title="SVR (Sustained virological response)">SVR (Sustained virological response)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NR%20%28Nonresponders%29" title=" NR (Nonresponders)"> NR (Nonresponders)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pegylated%20Interferon." title=" Pegylated Interferon."> Pegylated Interferon.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/efficacy-of-biosimilar-pegylated-interferon-alpha-40-kd-peg-inf-in-chronic-hepatitis-c-infection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996886.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2777</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Technology Based Learning Environment and Student Achievement in English as a Foreign Language in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Athar%20Hussain">M. Athar Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Zafar%20Iqbal."> M. Zafar Iqbal.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Saeed%20Akhtar"> M. Saeed Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The fast growing accessibility and capability of emerging technologies have fashioned enormous possibilities of designing, developing and implementing innovative teaching methods in the classroom. The global technological scenario has paved the way to new pedagogies in teaching-learning process focusing on technology based learning environment and its impact on student achievement. The present experimental study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of technology based learning environment on student achievement in English as a foreign language. The sample of the study was 90 students of 10th grade of a public school located in Islamabad. A pretest- posttest equivalent group design was used to compare the achievement of the two groups. A Pretest and A posttest containing 50 items each from English textbook were developed and administered. The collected data were statistically analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of Experimental group and the Control group. The performance of Experimental group was better on posttest scores that indicted that teaching through technology based learning environment enhanced the achievement level of the students. On the basis of the results, it was recommended that teaching and learning through information and communication technologies may be adopted to enhance the language learning capability of the students.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=English%20as%20a%20Foreign%20Language" title="English as a Foreign Language">English as a Foreign Language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Student%20Achievement" title=" Student Achievement"> Student Achievement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Technology%20Based%20Learning" title=" Technology Based Learning"> Technology Based Learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/technology-based-learning-environment-and-student-achievement-in-english-as-a-foreign-language-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Reasons for Doing Job outside Household and Difficulties Faced by the Working Women of Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Md.%20Sayeed%20Akhter">Md. Sayeed Akhter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Md.%20Akhtar%20Hossain%20Mazumder"> Md. Akhtar Hossain Mazumder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Syeda%20Afreena%20Mamun"> Syeda Afreena Mamun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Bangladesh is a patriarchal and male dominated country. Traditional, cultural, social, and religious values and practices have reinforced the lower status of women accorded to them in society and have limited their opportunities for education, technical and vocational training, and involvement with earning activities outside their households. After independence numbers of women are doing job outside their households. This study attempts to find out the reasons of engaging in earning activities outside households and difficulties faced by upper and lower class working women in Bangladesh. To explore the objectives and research questions of the study descriptive techniques had been used. Survey was conducted among the women who were working in Rajshahi city of Bangladesh and face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data. Findings of the study illustrates that most of the upper class working women engaged into job because they wanted to utilized their education and to bring solvency in the family, and they spend their income for meeting the needs of all the members of the family. On the other hand, most of the lower class working women involved into earning activities outside their households because they want to bring solvency in their families and spend their income on household expenditure. Both classes became tensed for their children because they had to stay at their working place for long time. Therefore, day care center should be established besides their working place for their children.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Working%20Women" title="Working Women">Working Women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reasons%20for%20Doing%20Jobs" title=" Reasons for Doing Jobs"> Reasons for Doing Jobs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Working%20Environment" title=" Working Environment"> Working Environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Difficulties%20Faced." title=" Difficulties Faced. "> Difficulties Faced. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/reasons-for-doing-job-outside-household-and-difficulties-faced-by-the-working-women-of-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997331.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1790</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Multi-Modal Film Boiling Simulations on Adaptive Octree Grids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Wasy%20Akhtar">M. Wasy Akhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Multi-modal film boiling simulations are carried out on adaptive octree grids. The liquid-vapor interface is captured using the volume-of-fluid framework adjusted to account for exchanges of mass, momentum, and energy across the interface. Surface tension effects are included using a volumetric source term in the momentum equations. The phase change calculations are conducted based on the exact location and orientation of the interface; however, the source terms are calculated using the mixture variables to be consistent with the one field formulation used to represent the entire fluid domain. The numerical model on octree representation of the computational grid is first verified using test cases including advection tests in severely deforming velocity fields, gravity-based instabilities and bubble growth in uniformly superheated liquid under zero gravity. The model is then used to simulate both single and multi-modal film boiling simulations. The octree grid is dynamically adapted in order to maintain the highest grid resolution on the instability fronts using markers of interface location, volume fraction, and thermal gradients. The method thus provides an efficient platform to simulate fluid instabilities with or without phase change in the presence of body forces like gravity or shear layer instabilities.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Boiling%20flows" title="Boiling flows">Boiling flows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dynamic%20octree%20grids" title=" dynamic octree grids"> dynamic octree grids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=interface%20capturing" title=" interface capturing"> interface capturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=phase%20change." title=" phase change. "> phase change. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/multi-modal-film-boiling-simulations-on-adaptive-octree-grids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">743</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> New Simultaneous High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of NSAIDs and Opioid Analgesics in Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Human Plasma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asad%20Ullah%20Madni">Asad Ullah Madni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mahmood%20Ahmad"> Mahmood Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Naveed%20Akhtar"> Naveed Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Usman"> Muhammad Usman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new and cost effective RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for simultaneous analysis of non steroidal anti inflammatory dugs Diclofenac sodium (DFS), Flurbiprofen (FLP) and an opioid analgesic Tramadol (TMD) in advanced drug delivery systems (Liposome and Microcapsules), marketed brands and human plasma. Isocratic system was employed for the flow of mobile phase consisting of 10 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffer and acetonitrile in molar ratio of 67: 33 with adjusted pH of 3.2. The stationary phase was hypersil ODS column (C18, 250×4.6 mm i.d., 5 μm) with controlled temperature of 30 C°. DFS in liposomes, microcapsules and marketed drug products was determined in range of 99.76-99.84%. FLP and TMD in microcapsules and brands formulation were 99.78 - 99.94 % and 99.80 - 99.82 %, respectively. Single step liquid-liquid extraction procedure using combination of acetonitrile and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) as protein precipitating agent was employed. The detection limits (at S/N ratio 3) of quality control solutions and plasma samples were 10, 20, and 20 ng/ml for DFS, FLP and TMD, respectively. The Assay was acceptable in linear dynamic range. All other validation parameters were found in limits of FDA and ICH method validation guidelines. The proposed method is sensitive, accurate and precise and could be applicable for routine analysis in pharmaceutical industry as well as in human plasma samples for bioequivalence and pharmacokinetics studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diclofenac%20Sodium" title="Diclofenac Sodium">Diclofenac Sodium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Flurbiprofen" title=" Flurbiprofen"> Flurbiprofen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tramadol" title=" Tramadol"> Tramadol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HPLCUV%0Adetection" title=" HPLCUV detection"> HPLCUV detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Validation." title=" Validation."> Validation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/new-simultaneous-high-performance-liquid-chromatographic-method-for-determination-of-nsaids-and-opioid-analgesics-in-advanced-drug-delivery-systems-and-human-plasma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1859</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> A Questionnaire-Based Survey: Therapist’s Response towards the Upper Limb Disorder Learning Tool</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Noor%20Ayuni%20Che%20Zakaria">Noor Ayuni Che Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Takashi%20Komeda"> Takashi Komeda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cheng%20Yee%20Low"> Cheng Yee Low</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kaoru%20Inoue"> Kaoru Inoue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fazah%20Akhtar%20Hanapiah"> Fazah Akhtar Hanapiah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Previous studies have shown that there are arguments regarding the reliability and validity of the Ashworth and Modified Ashworth Scale towards evaluating patients diagnosed with upper limb disorders. These evaluations depended on the raters’ experiences. This initiated us to develop an upper limb disorder part-task trainer that is able to simulate consistent upper limb disorders, such as spasticity and rigidity signs, based on the Modified Ashworth Scale to improve the variability occurring between raters and intra-raters themselves. By providing consistent signs, novice therapists would be able to increase training frequency and exposure towards various levels of signs. A total of 22 physiotherapists and occupational therapists participated in the study. The majority of the therapists agreed that with current therapy education, they still face problems with inter-raters and intra-raters variability (strongly agree 54%; n = 12/22, agree 27%; n = 6/22) in evaluating patients’ conditions. The therapists strongly agreed (72%; n = 16/22) that therapy trainees needed to increase their frequency of training; therefore believe that our initiative to develop an upper limb disorder training tool will help in improving the clinical education field (strongly agree and agree 63%; n = 14/22).</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Upper%20limb%20disorders" title="Upper limb disorders">Upper limb disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Clinical%20education%20tool" title=" Clinical education tool"> Clinical education tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Inter%2Fintra-raters%20variability" title=" Inter/intra-raters variability"> Inter/intra-raters variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Spasticity" title=" Spasticity"> Spasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Modified%20Ashworth%20Scale." title=" Modified Ashworth Scale."> Modified Ashworth Scale.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/a-questionnaire-based-survey-therapists-response-towards-the-upper-limb-disorder-learning-tool" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1872</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> In Vivo Evaluation of Stable Cream Containing Flavonoids on Hydration and TEWL of Human Skin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haji%20M%20Shoaib%20Khan">Haji M Shoaib Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Naveed%20Akhtar"> Naveed Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fatima%20Rasool"> Fatima Rasool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Barkat%20Ali%20Khan"> Barkat Ali Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tariq%20Mahmood"> Tariq Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Shuaib%20Khan"> Muhammad Shuaib Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Antioxidants contribute to endogenous photoprotection and are important for the maintenance of skin health. The study was carried out to compare the skin hydration and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) effects of a stable cosmetic preparation containing flavonoids, following two applications a day over a period of tenth week. The skin trans-epidermal water loss and skin hydration effect was measured at the beginning and up to the end of study period of ten weeks. Any effect produced was measured by Corneometer and TEWA meter (Non-invasive probe). Two formulations were developed for this study design. Formulation one the control formulation in which no apple juice extract( Flavonoids) was incorporated while second one was the active formulation in which the apple juice extract (3%) containing flavonoids was incorporated into water in oil emulsion using Abil EM 90 as an emulsifier. Stable formulations (control and Active) were applied on human cheeks (n = 12) for a study period of 10 weeks. Result of each volunteer of skin hydration and TEWL was measured by corneometer and TEWA meter. By using ANOVA and Paired sample t test as a statistical evaluation, result of both base and formulation were compared. Statistical significant results (p≤0.05) were observed regarding skin hydration and TEWL when two creams, control and Formulation were compared. It showed that desired formulation (Active) may have interesting application as an active moisturizing cream on healthy skin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Apple%20juice%20extract" title="Apple juice extract">Apple juice extract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TEWL" title=" TEWL"> TEWL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Corneometer" title=" Corneometer"> Corneometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=flavonoids." title=" flavonoids."> flavonoids.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/in-vivo-evaluation-of-stable-cream-containing-flavonoids-on-hydration-and-tewl-of-human-skin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15762.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2693</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Pharmaceutical Microencapsulation Technology for Development of Controlled Release Drug Delivery systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mahmood%20Ahmad">Mahmood Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Asadullah%20Madni"> Asadullah Madni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Usman"> Muhammad Usman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abubakar%20Munir">Abubakar Munir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Naveed%20Akhtar"> Naveed Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Haji%20M.%20Shoaib%20Khan"> Haji M. Shoaib Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article demonstrated development of controlled release system of an NSAID drug, Diclofenac sodium employing different ratios of Ethyl cellulose. Diclofenac sodium and ethyl cellulose in different proportions were processed by microencapsulation based on phase separation technique to formulate microcapsules. The prepared microcapsules were then compressed into tablets to obtain controlled release oral formulations. In-vitro evaluation was performed by dissolution test of each preparation was conducted in 900 ml of phosphate buffer solution of pH 7.2 maintained at 37 ± 0.5 °C and stirred at 50 rpm. At predetermined time intervals (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20 and 24 hrs). The drug concentration in the collected samples was determined by UV spectrophotometer at 276 nm. The physical characteristics of diclofenac sodium microcapsules were according to accepted range. These were off-white, free flowing and spherical in shape. The release profile of diclofenac sodium from microcapsules was found to be directly proportional to the proportion of ethylcellulose and coat thickness. The in-vitro release pattern showed that with ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 (drug: polymer), the percentage release of drug at first hour was 16.91 and 11.52 %, respectively as compared to 1:3 which is only 6.87 % with in this time. The release mechanism followed higuchi model for its release pattern. Tablet Formulation (F2) of present study was found comparable in release profile the marketed brand Phlogin-SR, microcapsules showed an extended release beyond 24 h. Further, a good correlation was found between drug release and proportion of ethylcellulose in the microcapsules. Microencapsulation based on coacervation found as good technique to control release of diclofenac sodium for making the controlled release formulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diclofenac%20sodium" title="Diclofenac sodium">Diclofenac sodium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microencapsulationtechnology" title=" Microencapsulationtechnology"> Microencapsulationtechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ethylcellulose" title=" Ethylcellulose"> Ethylcellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=In-Vitro%20Release%20Profile" title=" In-Vitro Release Profile"> In-Vitro Release Profile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/pharmaceutical-microencapsulation-technology-for-development-of-controlled-release-drug-delivery-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Formulation Development and Moiturising Effects of a Topical Cream of Aloe vera Extract</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Akhtar%20N">Akhtar N</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khan%20BA"> Khan BA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khan%20MS"> Khan MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mahmood%20T"> Mahmood T</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khan%20HMS"> Khan HMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Iqbal%20M"> Iqbal M</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bashir%20S"> Bashir S</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was designed to formulate, pharmaceutically evaluate a topical skin-care cream (w/o emulsion) of Aloe Vera versus its vehicle (Base) as control and determine their effects on Stratum Corneum (SC) water content and Transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Base containing no extract and a Formulation containing 3% concentrated extract of Aloe Vera was developed by entrapping in the inner aqueous phase of w/o emulsion (cream). Lemon oil was incorporated to improve the odor. Both the Base and Formulation were stored at 8°C ±0.1°C (in refrigerator), 25°C±0.1°C, 40°C±0.1°C and 40°C± 0.1°C with 75% RH (in incubator) for a period of 4 weeks to predict their stability. The evaluation parameters consisted of color, smell, type of emulsion, phase separation, electrical conductivity, centrifugation, liquefaction and pH. Both the Base and Formulation were applied to the cheeks of 21 healthy human volunteers for a period of 8 weeks Stratum corneum (SC) water content and Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were monitored every week to measure any effect produced by these topical creams. The expected organoleptic stability of creams was achieved from 4 weeks in-vitro study period. Odor was disappeared with the passage of time due to volatilization of lemon oil. Both the Base and Formulation produced significant (p≤0.05) changes in TEWL with respect to time. SC water content was significantly (p≤0.05) increased by the Formulation while the Base has insignificant (p 0.05) effects on SC water content. The newly formulated cream of Aloe Vera, applied is suitable for improvement and quantitative monitoring of skin hydration level (SC water content/ moisturizing effects) and reducing TEWL in people with dry skin. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aloe%20Vera%3B%20Skin%3B%20Stratum%20corneum%20%28SC%29%20water%20content%20and%20Transepidermal%20water%20loss%20%28TEWL%29." title="Aloe Vera; Skin; Stratum corneum (SC) water content and Transepidermal water loss (TEWL).">Aloe Vera; Skin; Stratum corneum (SC) water content and Transepidermal water loss (TEWL).</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9843/formulation-development-and-moiturising-effects-of-a-topical-cream-of-aloe-vera-extract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9843/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9843/bibtex" target="_blank" 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