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Nájera is a stopping point on the [[French Way]] the most popular path on the [[Way of St James]]. == History == The area attracted the [[ancient Rome|Romans]], who built the town of '''''Tritium '''''on land which now falls within the boundaries of Nájera and the neighboring municipality of [[Tricio]]. Subsequently, the area was under [[Muslim]] rule and the name Nájera (''Naxara'', meaning "town between the rocks") is of Arabic origin. The town, while still an Islamic possession, was the location of the legendary 3-day struggle between [[Roland]], one of Charlemagne's nobles, and the Islamic giant [[Ferragut]].<ref name="Gitlitz">Gitlitz & Davidson, The Pilgrimage Road to Santiago: The Complete Cultural Handbook, 2000, St Martin's Press, {{ISBN|0-312-25416-4}}</ref> The town was conquered by [[Ordoño II of Leon]] for [[Navarre]] in 923. Nájera was the capital city of the [[Kingdom of Najera]]-[[Kingdom of Pamplona|Pamplona]] until it was conquered by [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]] in 1054 after the [[battle of Atapuerca]]. However, it continued to be multicultural. For example, in 1142 the French abbot [[Peter the Venerable]] used his visit to Spain to commission translations of important Islamic works, including [[Lex Mahumet pseudoprophete|the first translation]] of the [[Qur'an]] into a European language, and it has been suggested he met with his four translators at Nájera. From the tenth century onward, Nájera had a prosperous [[Jewish]] community, which was granted relatively favorable legal status after the Christian conquest. Letters from the Jewish community in Nájera have been found in the [[Cairo Geniza]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Nájera |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/n-x00e1-jera |website=Jewish Virtual Library |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref> [[Edward, the Black Prince]] fought in the [[Battle of Nájera]] in 1367, intervening in a [[Castilian Civil War]] on behalf of [[Pedro I of Castile]]. === See also === * [[Najara family]], a Sephardic Jewish family, originally from Nájera. * [[Dukes of Nájera]], one of the oldest Spanish noble families == Ecclesiastical history == * Established in 923 as '''Diocese of Nájera''', on territory split off from the suppressed [[Diocese of Calahorra]]. * Gained territory twice : in 1077 from [[Diocese of Pamplona]] and [[Diocese of Osma]], in 1088 from the suppressed [[Diocese of Álava]]. * Itself Suppressed in 1170, its territory being used to establish the [[Diocese of Calahorra]], to which its last incumbent was appointed. === Episcopal ordinaries === ;''Suffragan Bishops of Nájera'' * Gómez (1046–1064) * Munio (1065–1080) * Sancho (1080–1087) * Sigefredo (1088–1089) * Pedro (1089–1109) * Sancho de Grañón (1109–1116) * Sancho de Funes (1118–1146) * Rodrigo de Cascante (1146–1170); later Bishop of successor see [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Calahorra|Calahorra]] (1170–1190) === Titular see === The diocese was nominally restored in 1969 as Latin [[Titular bishopric]] of '''Naiera''' (Curiate Italian and Latin; Latin adjective Naiaren(sis) / Nájera (Spanish). It has had the following incumbents, so far of the fitting Episcopal (lowest) rank : * Patrick Vincent Ahern (1970.02.03 – death 2011.03.19) as [[Auxiliary Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York|Archdiocese of New York]] (USA) (1970.02.03 – retired 1994.04.26) and on emeritate * Timothée Bodika Mansiyai, [[Sulpicians]] (P.S.S.) (2012.02.02 – 2016.11.19) as Auxiliary Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kinshasa|Archdiocese of Kinshasa]] ([[Congo-Kinshasa]]) (2012.02.02 – 2016.11.19); later Bishop of [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Kikwit|Kikwit]] (Congo-Kinshasa) (2016.11.19 – ...) * Bernard Edward "Ned" Shlesinger III (2017.07.19 – ) as Auxiliary Bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Atlanta (USA) == Politics &nbsp;== {{Spanish_Mayors | Alcalde_1 = José Luis Sáez Lerena | Partido_1 = [[Union of the Democratic Centre (Spain)|UCD]] | Alcalde_2 = Jesús López Sáenz | Partido_2 = Independent | Alcalde_3 = Justino Carmelo Maeztu Arenzana | Partido_3 = [[Democratic and Social Centre (Spain)|CDS]] | Alcalde_4 = José Domingo Mínguez/ Ángel Martínez Arenzana | Partido_4 = [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]]/ [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] | Alcalde_5 = Ángel Martínez Arenzana | Partido_5 = [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] | Alcalde_6 = Antonio García Manzanares/Marta Martínez García | Partido_6 = [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]] | Alcalde_7 = Marta Martínez García | Partido_7 = [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]] | Alcalde_8 = Marta Martínez García | Partido_8 = [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]] | Alcalde_9 = Marta Martínez García | Partido_9 = [[People's Party (Spain)|PP]] | Alcalde_10 = Jonás Olarte Fernández | Partido_10 = [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] }} == Main sites == [[File:Claustros del monasterio de Santa María la Real de Nájera, La Rioja, España.jpg|thumb|Santa María la Real. Cloisters.]] The church of [[Santa María la Real of Nájera|Santa María la Real]] was founded by [[García Sánchez III of Pamplona]] in 1052. It is the burial-place of kings of Navarre. The monks had to abandon the annexed monastic complex in the 19th century, as a result of the anti-clerical reforms of [[Juan Álvarez Mendizábal]]. Other sights include : * Bridge on the Najerilla river, rebuilt on Roman bridge foundations in 1090 by [[San Juan de Ortega]] and remade in 1880 <ref name="Gitlitz"/> * Excavations of the [[Alcázar]] (Moorish fort), abandoned in the 16th century * Monastery of Valvanera, {{convert|33|km|0|abbr=off}} from the town, built in the 11th century, but restored in Gothic style in the 15th century as it became a residence of queen [[Isabella I of Castile]] (Isabella of Spain). * Convent of St. Helena (18th century) * [[Najerillense Museum]]. ==Notable people== * '''[[García Sánchez III of Pamplona]]''' * '''[[Felix Morga]]''' * '''[[Urraca López de Haro]]''' * '''[[Diego López II de Haro]]''' * '''[[Esteban Manuel de Villegas]]''' * '''[[Pedro González de Salcedo]]''' * '''[[Ángel Hidalgo Ibáñez]]''' == See also == {{Commons|Nájera}} * [[Municipal elections in Nájera]] * [[Candidature of Najeran Independents]] * [[Independent Municipal Democracy]] * [[Kingdom of Najera]] * [[Najeran Alternative Forum]] * [[Najara family]], a Sephardic Jewish family, originally from Najera. * [[Missal of Silos]]—oldest known document on paper, made at the monastery of Santa María la Real of Nájera. == References == <references /> == External links == * [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t1220.htm GCatholic - ecclesiastical history] * [https://www.rioja.uk/places/najera/ Najera Travel Information] {{in lang|en}} {{Municipalities in La Rioja}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Najera}} [[Category:Municipalities in La Rioja (Spain)]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:About" title="Template:About">Template:About</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:About&action=edit" 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