Patient-centered Integrated Networks of Emergency Care: Consensus-based Recommendations and Future Research Priorities | Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality (AHRQ)

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authored by AHRQ researchers, mentioning or discussing AHRQ staff, activities, and publications/products, or other research using AHRQ data or products.</span></div> <p>This weekly compilation of articles appearing in recently released journals and newsletters includes:</p><ul><li>Articles funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) or authored by AHRQ researchers.</li><li>Articles mentioning or discussing AHRQ staff, activities, and publications/products.</li><li>Articles related to AHRQ-funded Evidence-based Practice Centers.</li><li>Articles related to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force or Put Prevention into Practice program.</li><li>Articles mentioning the <em>National Healthcare Disparities Report</em> and <em>National Healthcare Quality Report</em>.</li><li>Other research using AHRQ data or products.</li></ul><h2>AHRQ-Funded/Authored Articles</h2><p><strong><em>Academic Emergency Medicine</em></strong><br/>Govindarajan P, Larkin GL, Rhodes KV, et al. Patient-centered integrated networks of emergency care: consensus-based recommendations and future research priorities. <em>Acad Emerg Med</em> 2010 Dec; 17(12):1322-9. [Supported by Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Award grant K08 HS17965 (to first author).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21122014">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>American Journal of Public Health</em></strong><br/>Sarkar U, Lopez A, Black K, et al. The wrong tool for the job: diabetes public health programs and practice guidelines. <em>Am J Public Health</em> 2011 Oct; 101(10):1871-3. [Supported in part by grant K08 HS17594 (to first author).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852653">abstract</a>.</p><p>Manski RJ, Moeller JF, St Clair PA, et al. The influence of changes in dental care coverage on dental care utilization among retirees and near-retirees in the United States, 2004-2006. <em>Am J Public Health</em> 2011 Oct; 101(10):1882-91. [First two authors are current and former AHRQ researchers, respectively; cites AHRQ publication, <em>Dental Use, Expenses, Private Dental Coverage, and Changes, 1996 and 2004</em>, MEPS Chartbook 17, 2007.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852656">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Archives of Surgery</em></strong><br/>Glance LG, Stone PW, Mukamel DB, et al. Increases in mortality, length of stay, and cost associated with hospital-acquired infections in trauma patients. <em>Arch Surg</em> 2011 Jul; 146(7):794-801. [Supported by grant R01 HS16737; uses AHRQ's Elixhauser comorbidity measures (Elixhauser et al., <em>Med Care</em>, 1998) and 2005-2006 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) data, citing Cost-to-Charge Ratio Files, as published on AHRQ's HCUP Web site.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21422331">abstract</a>.</p><p>Carr BG, Reilly PM, Schwab CW, et al. Weekend and night outcomes in a statewide trauma system. <em>Arch Surg</em> 2011 Jul; 146(7):810-17. [Supported by Career Development Award grant K08 HS17960 (to first author).]�Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21422328">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Clinical and Translational Science</em></strong><br/>Trochim W, Kane C, Graham MJ, et al. Evaluating translational research: a process marker model. <em>Clin Transl Sci</em> 2011 Jun; 4(3):153-62. [Supported by grant 5 U18 HS16097 to the Center for Mental Health Research and Therapeutics at Rutgers.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21707944">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Diabetes Care</em></strong><br/>Rogers MA, Ward K, Gure TR, et al. Blood pressure trajectories prior to death in patients with diabetes. <em>Diabetes Care</em> 2011 Jul; 34(7):1534-9. [Supported by grant R21 HS17625-01.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21709293">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Health Affairs</em></strong><br/>Weinick RM, Hasnain-Wynia R. Quality improvement efforts under health reform: how to ensure that they help reduce disparities not increase them. <em>Health Aff</em> 2011 Oct; 30(10):1837-43. [Supported in part by a grant to the Harvard Interfaculty Program for Health System Improvement (no grant number given); cites AHRQ's NHQR/NHDR, 2010; cites AHRQ-funded systematic review of cultural competence and health care provider educational interventions by Beach et al. (<em>Med Care</em>, 2005), prepared by the John Hopkins EPC under contract 290-02-0018; cites AHRQ-authored articles by Aaron and Clancy (AHRQ director) (<em>JAMA</em>, 2003) and Fiscella, Franks, Gold, and Clancy (<em>JAMA</em>, 2000); cites article by Goldstein et al. (<em>Med Care Res Rev</em>, 2010), which uses AHRQ's Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS).]� Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976324">abstract</a>.</p><p>Cai S, Feng Z, Fennell ML, et al. Despite small improvement, black nursing home residents remain less likely than whites to receive flu vaccine. <em>Health Aff</em> 2011 Oct; 30(10):1939-46. [Supported in part by grant HS18462.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976338">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal</em></strong><br/>Etchegaray JM, Fischer WG. Understanding evidence-based research methods: pilot testing surveys. <em>HERD Environ Res Des J</em> 2011 Summer; 4(4):143-7. [Supported by Grant 1 K02 HS17145-02 (to first author).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21960198">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>International Journal for Quality in Health Care</em></strong><br/>Hafner JM, Williams SC, Koss RG, et al. The perceived impact of public reporting hospital performance data: interviews with hospital staff. <em>Int J Qual Health Care</em> 2011 Aug 12. [Epub ahead of print. Supported by grant 5 U18 HS13728.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21840943">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>International Journal of Cardiology</em></strong><br/>Levitan EB, Mujib M, Feller MA, et al. Self-reported teenage body size and heart failure in adults ≥ 65 years of age. <em>Int J Cardiol</em> 2011 Jun 16; 149(3):401-2. [Supported by grant K12 HS19465 (to first author).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21470704">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry</em></strong><br/>Boyle LL, Richardson TM, He H, et al. How do the PHQ-2, the PHQ-9 perform in aging services clients with cognitive impairment? <em>Int J Geriatr Psychiatry</em> 2011 Sep; 26(9):952-60. [Supported by grant T32 HS00044-15.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21845598">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Journal of Pediatrics</em></strong><br/>Jhaveri R, Byington CL, Klein JO, et al. Management of the non-toxic-appearing acutely febrile child: a 21st century approach. <em>J Pediatr</em> 2011 Aug; 159(2):181-5. [Supported by grant R18 HS18034 (to second author).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21592518">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Maternal and Child Health Journal</em></strong><br/>Holland ML, Yoo BK, Kitzman H, et al. Self-efficacy as a mediator between maternal depression and child hospitalizations in low-income urban families. <em>Matern Child Health J</em> 2011 Oct; 15(7):1011-19. [Supported by National Research Service Award (NRSA) Institutional Research Training grant T32 HS00044-16 and Health Services Research Dissertation Award grant R36 HS17737 (both to first author).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20706866">abstract</a>.</p><p>Sumner LA, Valentine J, Eisenman D, et al. The influence of prenatal trauma, stress, social support, and years of residency in the US on postpartum maternal health status among low-income Latinas. <em>Matern Child Health J</em> 2011 Oct; 15(7):1046-54. [Supported in part by grant 7 R01 HS11104.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20652383">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Medical Care</em></strong><br/>Zhu J, Stuver SO, Epstein AM, et al. Can we rely on patients' reports of adverse events? <em>Med Care</em> 2011 Oct; 49(10):948-55. [Supported in part by cooperative agreement grant U18 HS11928 (to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health); cites AHRQ publication, <em>Advances in Patient Safety: From Research to Implementation, Volume 1: Research Findings</em>, 2005; cites AHRQ/Kaiser Family Foundation publication, <em>National Survey on Consumers' Experiences with Patient Safety and Quality Information</em>, 2004.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21642876">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Medical Care Research and Review</em></strong><br/>Wang V, Lee SY, Patel UD, et al. Longitudinal analysis of market factors associated with provision of peritoneal dialysis services. <em>Med Care Res Rev</em> 2011 Oct; 68(5):537-58. [Supported in part by National Research Service Award (NRSA) Pre-Doctoral Traineeship grant T32 HS00032 (to first author and sponsored by the Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21602196">abstract</a>.</p><p>Vistnes J, Monheit AC. The health insurance status of low-wage workers: the role of workplace composition and marital status. <em>Med Care Res Rev</em> 2011 Oct; 68(5):607-23. [Authors are current and former AHRQ researchers in AHRQ's Center for Financing, Access, and Cost Trends; uses 2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)-Insurance Component (MEPS-IC) and MEPS-Household Component (MEPS-HC) data. Also refer to AHRQ-funded articles by LeBlanc et al. and Chou et al. (both in <em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2011) cited in <strong>U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)/Put Prevention Into Practice (PPIP)-Related Articles</strong>.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21536603">abstract</a>.</p><h2>AHRQ-Related Articles</h2><p><strong><em>American Family Physician</em></strong><br/>Omole FS, Sow CM, Fresh E, et al. Interacting with patients' family members during the office visit. <em>Am Fam Physician</em> 2011 Oct 1; 84(7):780-4. [Cites AHRQ publication, <em>Engaging Patients and Families in the Medical Home</em>, 2010.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22010616">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>American Journal of Public Health</em></strong><br/>Edelstein BL. Examining whether dental therapists constitute a disruptive innovation in US dentistry. <em>Am J Public Health</em> 2011 Oct; 101(10):1831-5. [Cites AHRQ publication, <em>Dental Use, Expenses, Private Dental Coverage, and Changes, 1996 and 2004</em>, MEPS Chartbook 17, 2007, as published on AHRQ's MEPS Web site.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852623">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Circulation</em></strong><br/>Ockene JK, Schneider KL, Lemon SC, et al. Can we improve adherence to preventive therapies for cardiovascular health? <em>Circulation</em> 2011 Sep 13; 124(11):1276-82. [Cites AHRQ-sponsored guideline, <em>Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update</em>, 2008; cites AHRQ/Association for State and Territorial Health Officers/American Medical Association summit meeting "Linking Clinical Practice and the Community for Health Promotion," 2008.]</p><p><strong><em>Health Affairs</em></strong><br/>Vargas Bustamante A, Chen J. Physicians cite hurdles ranging from lack of coverage to poor communication in providing high-quality care to Latinos. <em>Health Affairs</em> 2011 Oct; 30(10):1921-9. [Cites AHRQ-authored articles by Zuvekas and Taliaferro (current and former researchers, respectively, in AHRQ's Center for Financing, Access, and Cost Trends) (<em>Health Aff</em>, 2003), and Brach and Fraser (researcher and director, respectively, in AHRQ's Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets) (<em>Med Care Res Rev</em>, 2000); cites AHRQ-funded articles by Trivedi et al. (<em>JAMA</em>, 2006), Maciosek et al. (<em>Am J Prev Med</em>, 2006), Schneider et al. (<em>JAMA</em>, 2002), and others.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976336">abstract</a>.</p><p>Carrillo JE, Shekhani NS, Deland EL, et al. A regional health collaborative formed by NewYork-Presbyterian aims to improve the health of a largely Hispanic community. [Notes NewYork-Presbyterian plans to use AHRQ's Prevention Quality Indicators, citing AHRQ report, <em>Expanding Use of the Prevention Quality Indicators: Report of Clinical Expert Review Panel</em>, 2009, as published on the AHRQ's Quality Indicators Web site.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976340">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>JAMA</em></strong><br/>Johnson LB, Warren BE. Evidence-based practice and health advocacy organizations. <em>JAMA</em> 2011 Oct 5; 306(13):1443; author reply 1444-445. [Notes author's receipt of AHRQ support for conference travel.]</p><p>Morse RB, Hall M, Fieldston ES, McGwire G, Anspacher M, Sills MR, Williams K, Oyemwense N, Mann KJ, Simon HK, Shah SS. Hospital-level compliance with asthma care quality measures at children's hospitals and subsequent asthma-related outcomes. <em>JAMA</em> 2011 Oct 5; 306(13):1454-60. [Notes receipt of AHRQ funding under grant R01 HS19862 to Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (affiliated with last author) and sixth author's report of having an AHRQ  "grant or a grant pending"; cites <em>Child Health Care Quality Toolbox: Understanding Quality Measurement</em>, 2004, as published on the AHRQ Web site; cites AHRQ-funded articles by Patterson et al. (<em>Med Care</em>, 2010) and Mongelluzzo et al. (<em>JAMA</em>, 2008).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21972307">abstract</a>.</p><p>Zweig SC, Popejoy LL, Parker-Oliver D, et al. The physician's role in patients' nursing home care: "She's a very courageous and lovely woman. I enjoy caring for her". <em>JAMA</em> 2011 Oct 5; 306(13):1468-78. [Cites AHRQ-authored articles by Mukamel, Weimer, Spector (researcher in AHRQ's Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets) et al. (<em>Health Serv Res</em>, 2008); cites AHRQ-funded articles by Castle and Ferguson (<em>Gerontologist</em>, 2010), Hawkins et al. (<em>Gerontologist</em>, 2005), and Ouslander and Osterweil (Ann <em>Intern Med</em>, 1994).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21972309">abstract</a>.</p><p>Homer CJ. Improving improvement for childhood asthma. <em>JAMA</em> 2011 Oct 5; 306(13):1487-8. [Comments on article by Morse et al. cited above in this section and recommends that the new AHRQ/CMS Pediatric Quality Measures Program Centers of Excellence focus on developing and testing pediatric acute care transition measures; cites AHRQ publication, <em>Pediatric Quality Measures Program (PQMP) Centers of Excellence Grant Awards</em>, 2011, as published on the AHRQ Web site; cites AHRQ-authored article by Friedman, Berdahl, Simpson, McCormick, Owens, Andrews (authors are various former and current AHRQ staff members) et al. (<em>Acad Pediatr</em>, 2011), which uses HCUP and MEPS data; cites AHRQ-funded articles by Glasgow et al. (<em>Jt Comm J Qual Saf</em>, 2003) and Kaushal et al. (<em>JAMA</em>, 2001).]</p><p><strong><em>Journal of Clinical Epidemiology</em></strong><br/>van Walraven C, Bennett C, Forster AJ. Administrative database research infrequently used validated diagnostic or procedural codes. <em>J Clin Epidemiol</em> 2011 Oct; 64(10):1054-9. [Cites AHRQ-funded articles by Rosenthal et al. (<em>N Engl J Med</em>, 2006) and Mahomed et al. (<em>J Bone Joint Surg Am</em>, 2003).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21474278">abstract</a>.</p><p>Kuss O, Legler T, Börgermann J. Treatments effects from randomized trials and propensity score analyses were similar in similar populations in an example from cardiac surgery. <em>J Clin Epidemiol</em> 2011 Oct; 64(10):1076-84. [Selects study randomized trials from AHRQ-authored systematic review of off-pump surgery and stroke occurrence by Sedrakyan et al. (former AHRQ researcher) et al. (<em>Stroke</em>, 2006); cites AHRQ-funded article by Normand et al. (<em>J Clin Epidemiol</em>, 2001).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21482068">abstract</a>.</p><p>Wong A, Boshuizen HC, Schellevis FG, et al. Longitudinal administrative data can be used to examine multimorbidity, provided false discoveries are controlled for. <em>J Clin Epidemiol</em> 2011 Oct; 64(10):1109-17. [Cites the AHRQ-funded adaptation of the Charlson comorbidity index described in AHRQ-funded article by Deyo, Cherkin, and Ciol (<em>J Clin Epidemiol</em>, 1992) and AHRQ-funded articles by Southern, Quan, and Ghali (<em>Med Care</em>, 2004) and Romano, Roos, and Jollis (<em>J Clin Epidemiol</em>, 1993).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21454049">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Medical Care</em></strong><br/>Maciejewski ML, Wang V, Grabowski DC, et al. Early evidence on the quality of care provided by special needs plans. <em>Med Care</em> 2011 Oct; 49(10):891-6. [Cites AHRQ-funded articles by Werner et al. (<em>Health Serv Res</em>, 2009) and Schneider et al. (<em>Med Care</em>, 2001).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21572358">abstract</a>.</p><p>Salomon JA, Patel A, Neal B, et al. Comparability of patient-reported health status: multicountry analysis of EQ-5D responses in patients with type 2 diabetes. <em>Med Care</em> 2011 Oct; 49(10):962-70. [Cites AHRQ-authored article by Teresi and Fleishman (researcher in AHRQ's Center for Financing, Access, and Cost Trends) (<em>Qual Life Res</em>, 2007); cites AHRQ-funded articles by Cherepanov, Palta, and Fryback (<em>Med Care</em>, 2010) and Ware and Sherbourne (<em>Med Care</em>, 1992).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21918400">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Medical Care Research and Review</em></strong><br/>Cai S, Mukamel DB, Veazie P, et al. Hospitalizations in nursing homes: does payer source matter? Evidence from New York State. <em>Med Care Res Rev</em> 2011 Oct; 68(5):559-78. [Cites AHRQ-authored articles by Konetzka, Spector (researcher in AHRQ's Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets), and Shaffer (<em>Med Care</em>, 2004), Spector, Selden, and Cohen (researchers in AHRQ's Center for Financing, Access, and Cost Trends) (<em>Health Econ</em>, 1998), and Cohen and Spector (<em>J Health Econ</em>, 1996); cites AHRQ-funded articles by Intrator and Mor (<em>J Am Geriatr Soc</em>, 2004), Intrator, Zinn, and Mor (<em>J Am Geriatr Soc</em>, 2004), Mor et al. (<em>Milbank Q</em>, 2004), and others.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21478193">abstract</a>.</p><p>Whitmore H, Gabel JR, Pickreign J, et al. The individual insurance market before reform: low premiums and low benefits. <em>Med Care Res Rev</em> 2011 Oct; 68(5):594-606. [Cites AHRQ-authored article by Zuvekas and Cohen (researchers in AHRQ's Center for Financing, Access, and Cost Trends) (<em>Health Aff</em>, 2007).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21427081">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report</em></strong><br/>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Nonfatal traumatic brain injuries related to sports and recreation activities among persons aged ≤19 years United States, 2001-2009. <em>MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep</em> 2011 Oct 7; 60(39):1337-42. [Cites AHRQ publication, <em>Sports Related Concussions, 2008</em>, HCUP Statistical Brief 114, 2011, as published on AHRQ's HCUP Web site.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976115">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Townsend Letter</em></strong><br/>Cohen MA. Townsend's New York observer: interview with Lorraine Johnson, California Lyme Disease Association, about the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute. <em>Townsend Lett</em> 2011 Aug-Sep:106-9. [Mentions that legislation created AHRQ's predecessor agency in the 1990's "to support studies on the outcomes of health care services and procedures."]</p><h2>U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)/Put Prevention Into Practice (PPIP)-Related Articles</h2><p><strong><em>American Family Physician</em></strong><br/>Schroeder R, Garrison JM Jr, Johnson MS. Treatment of adult obesity with bariatric surgery. <em>Am Fam Physician</em> 2011 Oct 1; 84(7):805-14. [Summarizes and cites USPSTF recommendations on screening for obesity in adults (<em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2003).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22010619">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>American Journal of Public Health</em></strong><br/>Lamster IB, Eaves K. A model for dental practice in the 21st century. <em>Am J Public Health</em> 2011 Oct; 101(10):1825-30. [Cites USPSTF recommendations on screening for obesity in adults (<em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2003); cites USPSTF-sponsored systematic review and meta-analysis on periodontal disease and coronary heart disease incidence (<em>J Gen Intern Med</em>, 2008).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852631">abstract</a>.</p><p>Parra-Medina D, Wilcox S, Salinas J, et al. Results of the Heart Healthy and Ethnically Relevant Lifestyle trial: a cardiovascular risk reduction intervention for African American women attending community health centers. <em>Am J Public Health</em> 2011 Oct; 101(10):1914-21. [Cites USPSTF recommendations on behavioral counseling in primary care to promote a healthy diet (<em>Am J Prev Med</em>, 2003) and screening for obesity in adults (<em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2003).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852629">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Annals of Internal Medicine</em></strong><br/>LeBlanc ES, O'Connor E, Whitlock EP, et al. Effectiveness of primary care-relevant treatments for obesity in adults: a systematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. <em>Ann Intern Med</em> 2011 Oct 4; 155(7):434-47. [Supported by contract HHS 290-2007-10057-I, task order 3, to the Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC), and based on USPSTF-sponsored evidence review Screening and Management of Obesity and Overweight in Adults, 2011, as published on the USPSTF Web site; updates previous USPSTF recommendation statement, <em>Screening for Obesity in Adults</em>, 2003, and associated USPSTF-sponsored systematic evidence review, <em>Screening and Interventions for Overweight and Obesity in Adults</em>, 2003, both published on the USPSTF Web site; acknowledges support from AHRQ staff and USPSTF members; cites USPSTF-sponsored article by Harris et al. (<em>Am J Prev Med</em>, 2001) on USPSTF methodologies.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21969342">abstract</a>.</p><p>Feinberg J. Management of newly diagnosed HIV infection. Ann Intern Med 2011 Oct 4; 155(7):ITC4-1-ITC4-16. [Cites USPSTF recommendation statement, <em>Screening for HIV</em>, 2005, and USPSTF-sponsored evidence syntheses <em>Screening for Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Focused Update of a 2005 Systematic Evidence Review</em>, 2007.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21969353">abstract</a>.</p><p>Chou R, Croswell JM, Dana T, et al. Screening for prostate cancer: a review of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. <em>Ann Intern Med</em> 2011 Oct 7. [Epub ahead of print. Supported by contract HHSA 290-2007-10057-I-EPC3; updates the 2002 and 2008 USPSTF evidence reviews on screening and treatments for prostate cancer, citing USPSTF-sponsored evidence update on screening for prostate cancer by Harris and Lohr (<em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2002) and later USPSTF recommendations on screening for prostate cancer and associated evidence update by Lin et al. (both in <em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2008); summarizes USPSTF-sponsored evidence review, <em>Prostate-specific Antigen-based Screening for Prostate Cancer: An Evidence Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force</em>, 2011, and <em>Benefits and Harms of Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer: Systematic Review to Update the 2002 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation</em>, 2011; cites USPSTF-sponsored article by Harris et al. (<em>Am J Prev Med</em>, 2001) on USPSTF methodologies and AHRQ-authored article by Chou, Aronson, Atkins et al. (<em>J Clin Epidemiol</em>, 2010), which discusses AHRQ's Effective Health Care Program.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21984740">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>JAMA</em></strong><br/>Lee SJ, Walter LC. Quality indicators for older adults: preventing unintended harms. <em>JAMA</em> 2011 Oct 5; 306(13):1481-2. [Cites USPSTF recommendations on screening for colorectal cancer (<em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2008); cites article by Quanstrum and Hayward (<em>N Engl J Med</em>, 2010), which discusses the debate over the 2009 updated USPSTF breast cancer screening recommendations.]</p><p><strong><em>Medical Care</em></strong><br/>Powell AA, Nugent S, Ordin DL, et al. Evaluation of a VHA collaborative to improve follow-up after a positive colorectal cancer screening test. <em>Med Care</em> 2011 Oct; 49(10):897-903. [Cites USPSTF recommendations on screening for colorectal cancer (<em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2008).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21642875">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report</em></strong><br/>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Million Hearts: strategies to reduce the prevalence of leading cardiovascular disease risk factors—United States, 2011. <em>MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep</em> 2011 Sep 16; 60(36):1248-51. [Notes the use by the Million Hearts program of "established standards in clinical (e.g. U.S. Preventive Services Task "Force)...settings..."; cites recommendations on smoking cessation practices in AHRQ-sponsored guideline Treating <em>Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update</em>, 2008.]</p><p>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Health plan implementation of U.S. Preventive Services Task Force A and B recommendations—Colorado, 2010. 2011 Oct 7; 60:1348-50. [Mentions Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) provisions requiring coverage of routine preventive services graded A or B by the USPSTF and discusses how Colorado health plans interpreted and implemented a 2009 Colorado law with the same coverage requirements; cites <em>Methods and Processes</em>, 2011, and <em>USPSTF A and B Recommendations</em>, 2010, both published on the USPSTF Web site.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976117">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>New England Journal of Medicine</em></strong><br/>Rayer R, Oppenheimer GM. Routine HIV screening—what counts in evidence-based policy? <em>N Engl J Med</em> 2011 Oct 6; 365(14):1265-8. [Discusses and cites USPSTF recommendations on routine screening for HIV/AIDS (<em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2005) and AHRQ publication, <em>Screening for Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Focused Update of a 2005 Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force</em>, 2007.]</p><h2>Evidence-based Practice Centers-Related Articles</h2><p><strong><em>Circulation</em></strong><br/>Holmes DR Jr, Becker JA, Granger CB, et al. ACCF/AHA 2011 health policy statement on therapeutic interchange and substitution: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Clinical Quality Committee. <em>Circulation</em> 2011 Sep 13; 124(11):1290-310. [Cites AHRQ Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, <em>Testing for Cytochrome P450 Polymorphisms in Adults With Non-Psychotic Depression Treated With Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)</em>, 2007, prepared by the Duke EPC under contract 290-02-0025; cites AHRQ-funded article by Schneeweiss et al. (<em>Clin Pharmacol Ther</em>, 2006).]</p><p><strong><em>Health Affairs</em></strong><br/>Jones SS, Heaton P, Friedberg MW, et al. Today's 'meaningful use' standard for medication orders by hospitals may save few lives; later stages may do more. Health Aff (Millwood). 2011 Oct;30(10):2005-12. [Cites AHRQ-funded systematic reviews of the impact of health information technology on quality, efficiency, and costs of medical care by Chaudhry et al. (<em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2006), performed by the Southern California EPC, and on the effects of computerized physician order entry and clinical decision support systems on medication safety by Kaushal et al. (<em>Arch Intern Med</em>, 2003), performed by the University of California San Francisco-Stanford EPC under contract 290-97-0013; cites AHRQ publication, <em>30 Safe Practices for Better Health Care: Fact Sheet, 2005</em>, as published on the AHRQ Web site; cites AHRQ-funded articles by Yu et al. (<em>Am J Med Qual</em>, 2009), Wolfstadt et al. (<em>J Gen Intern Med</em>, 2008), and Bates et al. (<em>JAMA</em>, 1995).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21918179">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Maternal and Child Health Journal</em></strong><br/>Davey HL, Tough SC, Adair CE, et al. Risk factors for sub-clinical and major postpartum depression among a community cohort of Canadian women. <em>Matern Child Health J</em> 2011 Oct; 15(7):866-75. [Cites AHRQ Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, <em>Perinatal Depression: Prevalence, Screening Accuracy, and Screening Outcomes</em>, 2005, prepared by the RTI-University of North Carolina EPC under contract 290-02-0016.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18256913">abstract</a>.</p><p>Tovar A, Guthrie LB, Platek D, et al. Modifiable predictors associated with having a gestational weight gain goal. <em>Matern Child Health J</em> 2011 Oct; 15(7):1119-26. [Cites AHRQ Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, <em>Outcomes of Maternal Weight Gain</em>, 2008. Also refer to article by Weinick and Hasnain-Wynia (<em>Health Aff</em>, 2011) cited in <strong>AHRQ-Funded/Authored Articles</strong> and AHRQ-funded article by LeBlanc et al. and article by Feinberg (both in <em>Ann Intern Med</em>, 2011) cited in <strong>U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)/Put Prevention Into Practice (PPIP)-Related Articles</strong>.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20711804">abstract</a>.</p><h2><em>National Healthcare Quality Report (NHQR)</em>/<em>National Healthcare Disparities Report (NHDR)</em>-Related Articles</h2><p><strong><em>Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics</em></strong><br/>White RO 3rd, Osborn CY, Gebretsadik T, et al. Development and validation of a Spanish diabetes-specific numeracy measure: DNT-15 Latino. <em>Diabetes Technol Ther</em> 2011 Sep; 13(9):893-8. [Cites AHRQ's NHDR, 2009.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21714674">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Health Affairs</em></strong><br/>Koh HK, Graham G, Glied SA. Reducing racial and ethnic disparities: the action plan from the Department of Health and Human Services. <em>Health Aff</em> 2011 Oct; 30(10):1822-9. [Cites AHRQ's NHQR/NHDR, 2010; mentions that "Section 10334 of the Affordable Care Act requires the creation of new offices of minority health in six agencies in HHS," including AHRQ.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976322">abstract</a>.</p><p>Benz JK, Espinosa O, Welsh V, et al. Awareness of racial and ethnic health disparities has improved only modestly over a decade. <em>Health Aff</em> 2011 Oct; 30(10):1860-7. [Cites AHRQ's NHQR/NHDR, 2010, and NHDR, 2003.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976327">abstract</a>.</p><p>Beal AC. High-quality health care: the essential route to eliminating disparities and achieving health equity. <em>Health Aff</em> 2011 Oct; 30(10):1868-71. [Notes AHRQ's annual release of the NHDR and NHQR as an indication of its devotion of "extensive effort to further identifying disparities", citing the Measuring Healthcare Quality landing page on the AHRQ Web site; authors discuss and cite AHRQ-funded article by Schulman et al. (<em>N Engl J Med</em>, 1999) which "demonstrated bias among physicians in referring African American and female patients for cardiac procedures," thereby adding "considerably to the evidence on health care disparities".] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976328">abstract</a>.</p><p>Cunningham PJ, Hibbard J, Gibbons CB. Raising low 'patient activation' rates among Hispanic immigrants may equal expanded coverage in reducing access disparities. <em>Health Aff</em> 2011 Oct; 30(10):1888-94. [Cites AHRQ's NHDR, 2009; cites AHRQ-funded article by Skolasky et al. (<em>Spine</em>, 2008). Also refer to article by Weinick and Hasnain-Wynia (<em>Health Aff</em>, 2011) cited in <strong>AHRQ-Funded/Authored Articles</strong> and article by Gaskin et al. (<em>Med Care Res Rev</em>, 2011) cited in <strong>Research by Others Using AHRQ Data or Products</strong>.]</p><h2>Research by Others Using AHRQ Data or Products</h2><p><strong><em>American Journal of Epidemiology</em></strong><br/>Elovainio M, Ferrie JE, Singh-Manoux A, et al. Socioeconomic differences in cardiometabolic factors: social causation or health-related selection? Evidence from the Whitehall II cohort study, 1991-2004. <em>An J Epidemiol</em> 2011 Oct 1; 174(7):779-89. [Uses study cohort data from the Whitehall II study, previously funded by AHRQ.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21813793">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>American Journal of Public Health</em></strong><br/>Wetterhall S, Burrus B, Shugars D, et al. Cultural context in the effort to improve oral health among Alaska Native people: the dental health aide therapist model. <em>Am J Public Health</em> 2011 Oct; 101(10):1836-40. [Uses AHRQ's Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), citing <em>CAHPS Dental Plan Survey</em>, as published on AHRQ's CAHPS Web site.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21852624">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Annals of Surgical Oncology</em></strong><br/>Kruper L, Holt A, Xu XX, et al. Disparities in reconstruction rates after mastectomy: patterns of care and factors associated with the use of breast reconstruction in Southern California. <em>Ann Surg Oncol</em> 2011 Aug; 18(8):2158-65. [Uses inpatient hospital discharge data for the state of California (a component of AHRQ's HCUP State Inpatient Databases (SID); notes the use of HCUP NIS data in article by Reuben, Manwaring, and Neumayer (<em>Am J Surg</em>, 2009).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21308486">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Clinical Pediatrics</em></strong><br/>Becker DJ, Blackburn JL, Kilgore ML, et al. Continuity of insurance coverage and ambulatory care-sensitive hospitalizations/ED visits: evidence from the Children's Health Insurance Program. <em>Clin Pediatr</em> 2011 Oct; 50(10):963-73. [Selection of outcomes is based on AHRQ's Pediatric Quality Indicators and Prevention Quality Indicators for one of six ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (ACSCs), including bacterial pneumonia, dehydration, perforated appendix, urinary tract infection, gastroenteritis, and severe ear, nose and throat infection, citing AHRQ publications, <em>Measures of Pediatric Health Care Quality Based on Hospital Administrative Data: The Pediatric Quality Indicators</em>, 2006, and <em>Guide to Prevention Quality Indicators: Hospital Admission for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions</em>, Version 3.1, 2007; cites AHRQ-authored article by Friedman and Basu (researchers in AHRQ's Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets and Center for Primary Care, Prevention, and Clinical Partnerships, respectively) (<em>Am J Manag Care</em>, 2001); cites article by Herod and Chang (<em>Clin Pediatr</em>, 2008), which uses AHRQ's Pediatric Quality Indicators.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21828066">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Health Affairs</em></strong><br/>Jha AK, Orav EJ, Epstein AM. Low-quality, high-cost hospitals, mainly in South, care for sharply higher shares of elderly black, Hispanic, and Medicaid patients. <em>Health Aff</em> 2011 Oct; 30(10):1904-11. [Uses 2008 HCAHPS, AHRQ's Elixhauser comorbidity measures (Elixhauser et al., <em>Med Care</em>, 1998), and HCUP Comorbidity Software, citing HCAHPS: CAHPS Hospital Survey Web site and <em>Comorbidity Software, Version 3.6</em>, as published on AHRQ's HCUP Web site.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976334">abstract</a>.</p><p>LaVeist T, Pollack K, Thorpe R Jr, et al. Place, not race: disparities dissipate in southwest Baltimore when blacks and whites live under similar conditions. <em>Health Aff</em> 2011 Oct; 30(10):1880-7. [Uses 2002 MEPS data, citing the MEPS landing page on the AHRQ Web site.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976330">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>JAMA</em></strong><br/>Nicholas LH, Langa KM, Iwashyna TJ, et al. Regional variation in the association between advance directives and end-of-life Medicare expenditures. 2011 Oct 5; 306(13):1447-53. [Uses AHRQ's Elixhauser comorbidity measures (Elixhauser et al., <em>Med Care</em>, 1998).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21972306">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Journal of Neurosurgery</em></strong><br/>Leake CB, Brinjikji W, Kallmes DF, et al. Increasing treatment of ruptured cerebral aneurysms at high-volume centers in the United States. <em>J Neurosurg</em> 2011 Aug 26. [Epub ahead of print. Uses 2001-2008 HCUP NIS data and AHRQ's Clinical Classifications Software.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21961924">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Journal of Urology</em></strong><br/>Copp HL, Halpern MS, Maldonado Y, et al. Trends in hospitalization for pediatric pyelonephritis: a population based study of California from 1985 to 2006. <em>J Urol</em> 2011 Sep; 186(3):1028-34. [Uses inpatient hospital discharge data for the state of California (a component of AHRQ's HCUP State Inpatient Databases (SID) and compares study findings with those by Freedman (<em>J Urol</em>, 2005), which used 1994-2000 HCUP NIS data and "demonstrated that hospitalization rates for pediatric pyelonephritis in the United States have not decreased;" cites AHRQ-funded articles by Mansfield, Hueston, and Rudy (<em>J Fam Pract</em>, 1995), and cites article by Nelson et al. (<em>J Urol</em>, 2005), which uses HCUP NIS data.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21784477">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Maternal and Child Health</em></strong><br/>McClure CK, Katz KD, Patrick TE, et al. The epidemiology of acute poisonings in women of reproductive age and during pregnancy, California, 2000-2004. <em>Matern Child Health J</em> 2011 Oct; 15(7):964-73. [Uses HCUP Clinical Classifications Software (CCS).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20169404">abstract</a>.</p><p>Hamman MK. Making time for well-baby care: the role of maternal employment. <em>Matern Child Health J</em> 2011 Oct; 15(7):1029-36. [Uses 1996-2005 MEPS-Household Component (MEPS-HC) data; cites AHRQ-authored article by Vistnes (researcher in AHRQ's Center, Financing, and Cost Trends) and Hamilton (<em>Am Econ Rev</em>, 1995).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20706867">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Medical Care</em></strong><br/>Austin PC, van Walraven C, Wodchis WP, et al. Using the Johns Hopkins Aggregated Diagnosis Groups (ADGs) to predict mortality in a general adult population cohort in Ontario, Canada. <em>Med Care</em> 2011 Oct; 49(10):932-9. [Uses AHRQ's Elixhauser comorbidity measures (Elixhauser et al., <em>Med Care</em>, 1998) and AHRQ-funded adaptation of the Charlson comorbidity index described in AHRQ-funded article by Deyo, Cherkin, and Ciol (<em>J Clin Epidemiol</em>, 1992).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21478773">abstract</a>.</p><p>Austin PC, Walraven C. The Mortality Risk Score and the ADG Score: two points-based scoring systems for the Johns Hopkins Aggregated Diagnosis Groups to predict mortality in a general adult population cohort in Ontario, Canada. <em>Med Care</em> 2011 Oct; 49(10):940-7. [Uses AHRQ's Elixhauser comorbidity measures (Elixhauser et al., <em>Med Care</em>, 1998) and AHRQ-funded adaptation of the Charlson comorbidity index described in AHRQ-funded article by Deyo, Cherkin, and Ciol (<em>J Clin Epidemiol</em>, 1992).] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21921849">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>Medical Care Research and Review</em></strong><br/>Gaskin DJ, Dinwiddie GY, Chan KS, et al. Residential segregation and disparities in health care services utilization. <em>Med Care Res Rev</em> 2011 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print. Uses 2006 MEPS data; cites AHRQ-authored article by Weinick, Zuvekas, and Cohen (<em>Med Care Res Rev</em>, 2000), which uses 1996 MEPS data; cites AHRQ's NHDR, 2007.] Select to access the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140803155645/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21976416">abstract</a>.</p><p><strong><em>National Tax Journal</em></strong><br/>Cogan JF, Hubbard RG, Kessler DP. The effect of tax preferences on health spending. <em>Natl Tax J</em> 2011 Sep; 64(3):795-816. [Uses 1996-2005 MEPS-Household Component (HC) data. Also refer to AHRQ-authored article by Vistnes and Monheit (<em>Med Care Res Rev</em>, 2011) cited in <strong>AHRQ-Funded/Authored Articles</strong>.]</p> <div class="current-as-of">Current as of October 2011</div> <div class="citation"> <span>Internet Citation: Patient-centered Integrated Networks of Emergency Care: Consensus-based Recommendations and Future Research Priorities: Articles of Interest: October 7, 2011. October 2011. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. http://www.ahrq.gov/news/newsroom/articles-of-interest/100711.html</span> <div class="citation-flag"></div> </div> </article>  </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <div id="top-button-container" class="container_12"> <a href="#tiptop" id="top-button">Back to top<img src="/web/20140803155645im_/http://www.ahrq.gov/resources/img/top-button-icon.png" alt="Go back to top" width="25" height="25"/></a> </div> <div id="footer-separator"></div> <div id="median-container"> <div id="median" class="container_12"> <a href="/web/20140803155645/http://www.ahrq.gov/index.html" class="grid_2 alpha"><img src="/web/20140803155645im_/http://www.ahrq.gov/resources/img/ahrq-footer-logo.png" alt="AHRQ" width="70" height="30"/></a> <nav id="legal"><ul class="grid_6"> <li> <span><a href="/web/20140803155645/http://www.ahrq.gov/policy/electronic/accessibility/index.html">Accessibility</a></span> </li><li> <span><a 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