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class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Akram Ahmad" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/7418606/3872710/24051371/s200_akram.ahmad.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Akram Ahmad</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://sydney.academia.edu/">The University of Sydney</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://sydney.academia.edu/Departments/School_of_Pharmacy_Faculty_of_Medicine_Health/Documents">School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine & Health</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://ucsi.academia.edu/">UCSI University</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" 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class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">Dr. Akram Ahmad, Founder and CEO of www.academically.ai <br />Helping overseas Pharmacists to migrate Australia, New Zealand & Canada etc.<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="suggested-academics-container"><div class="suggested-academics--header"><p class="ds2-5-body-md-bold">Related Authors</p></div><ul class="suggested-user-card-list"><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/TedlaKebede"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header 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class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Akram Ahmad</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59729852"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59729852/The_Role_of_Religion_Spirituality_and_Fasting_in_Coping_with_Diabetes_among_Indian_Migrants_in_Australia_A_Qualitative_Exploratory_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Role of Religion, Spirituality and Fasting in Coping with Diabetes among Indian Migrants in Australia: A Qualitative Exploratory Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73502610/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59729852/The_Role_of_Religion_Spirituality_and_Fasting_in_Coping_with_Diabetes_among_Indian_Migrants_in_Australia_A_Qualitative_Exploratory_Study">The Role of Religion, Spirituality and Fasting in Coping with Diabetes among Indian Migrants in Australia: A Qualitative Exploratory Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Australia has a high proportion of migrants, with an increasing migration rate from India. While ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Australia has a high proportion of migrants, with an increasing migration rate from India. While many factors influence diabetes self-management among Indian migrants, very little is known about the influence of religious beliefs and spirituality. This study explored the religious beliefs of Indian migrants in Australia and the influence of those beliefs on their diabetes self-management. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 23 Indian migrants. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Most participants believed that prayers helped them alleviate stress and improve diabetes management participants also believed that receiving blessings/prayers from religious leaders prevent or cure diseases including diabetes. There were mixed views on beliefs about using insulin obtained from animal sources. Some participants were concerned about the use of animal-based insulin as it was against their religious beliefs and teachings. Some participants believed that religious fasting does not have any impact on their diabetes while others believed that it can be detrimental to their health. Religious beliefs therefore played an important role in how Indian migrants managed their diabetes. Healthcare professionals should consider their patients' religious beliefs during consultations, enlist support, such as religious scholars, to better address people's misconceptions, and identify strategies for effective diabetes management that consider religious beliefs.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="695f2d929ddf819049ee092a0abc5a07" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73502610,"asset_id":59729852,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73502610/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59729852"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59729852"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59729852; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="54979778"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/54979778/A_Qualitative_Study_on_Medication_Taking_Behaviour_Among_People_With_Diabetes_in_Australia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Qualitative Study on Medication Taking Behaviour Among People With Diabetes in Australia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/71075779/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/54979778/A_Qualitative_Study_on_Medication_Taking_Behaviour_Among_People_With_Diabetes_in_Australia">A Qualitative Study on Medication Taking Behaviour Among People With Diabetes in Australia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Australia has a high proportion of migrants with an increasing migration rate from In...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Australia has a high proportion of migrants with an increasing migration rate from India. Type II diabetes is a long-term condition common amongst the Indian population. Aims: To investigate patients' medication-taking behaviour and factors that influence adherence at the three phases of adherence. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 23 Indian migrants living in Sydney. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Results: 1) Initiation: The majority of participants were initially prescribed oral antidiabetic medicine and only two were started on insulin. Most started taking their medicine immediately while some delayed initiating therapy due to fear of side-effects. 2) Implementation: Most participants reported taking their medicine as prescribed. However, some reported forgetting their medicine especially when they were in a hurry for work or were out for social events. 3) Discontinuation: A few participants discontinued taking their medicine. Those who discontinued did so to try Ayurvedic medicine. Their trial continued for a few weeks to a few years. Those who did not receive expected results from the Ayurvedic medicine restarted their prescribed conventional medicine. Conclusion: A range of medication-taking behaviours were observed, ranging from delays in initiation to long-term discontinuation, and swapping of prescribed medicine with Ayurvedic medicine. This study highlights the need for tailored interventions, including education, that focus on factors that impact medication adherence from initiation to discontinuation of therapy.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="db586f55864736d1fc75dd89604d1a80" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":71075779,"asset_id":54979778,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71075779/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="54979778"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="54979778"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 54979778; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38759348"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38759348/Journal_of_Advances_in_Medical_Dental_and_Health_Sciences"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Journal of Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58847696/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38759348/Journal_of_Advances_in_Medical_Dental_and_Health_Sciences">Journal of Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad">Akram Ahmad</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://taipeimedical.academia.edu/SAtique">Suleman Atique</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Dear fellow professional colleagues, practicing healthcare professionals and researchers. It is i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Dear fellow professional colleagues, practicing healthcare professionals and researchers. It is indeed a great privilege and an honour for us to be addressing you all at the launch of the first issue of Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences (AMDHS). The journal aims at helping the development of multidisciplinary research among allied health sciences researchers and practitioners.<br /><br />Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences (AMDHS) is being launched. AMDHS is an Open Access, Internationally Peer Reviewed Journal in the field of Medical Sciences and will publish issue quarterly (4 issues/yearly). It will be published by OZZIE Publishers, which is a nonprofit private organization, to bring allied health science disciplines on a single platform.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0b4b4ebd20aa064ad18817fdbe5231a6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58847696,"asset_id":38759348,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58847696/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38759348"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38759348"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38759348; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27440916"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27440916/Journal_of_Pharmacy_Practice_and_Community_Medicine"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47698117/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27440916/Journal_of_Pharmacy_Practice_and_Community_Medicine">Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Dear readers, Heartiest greetings to all fellow academicians, practicing pharmacists, physicians,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Dear readers,<br />Heartiest greetings to all fellow academicians, practicing pharmacists, physicians, independent researchers and students!<br />It is indeed a great privilege and an honor for me to be addressing you all at the launching of the first issue of Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine (JPPCM). JPPCM aims at facilitating the development of community-based research, education, and health care services. The purpose of this journal is to promote excellence in pharmacy practice and community medicine.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="482d02959ca1a61cb96ff4d3b4497d00" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47698117,"asset_id":27440916,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47698117/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27440916"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27440916"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27440916; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22461681"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461681/Comparison_of_Knowledge_Attitude_and_Perception_of_Barriers_towards_Adverse_Drug_Reaction_Reporting_Among_Pharmacy_and_Medical_Students_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Barriers towards Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Among Pharmacy and Medical Students in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461681/Comparison_of_Knowledge_Attitude_and_Perception_of_Barriers_towards_Adverse_Drug_Reaction_Reporting_Among_Pharmacy_and_Medical_Students_in_Pakistan">Comparison of Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Barriers towards Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Among Pharmacy and Medical Students in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To compare the knowledge and attitude of pharmacy and medical students and their perception of ba...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To compare the knowledge and attitude of pharmacy and medical students and their perception of barriers towards adverse drug reactions (ADR) reporting in Higher Education Commission-recognized University of Pakistan. A cross sectional study was conducted on final year pharmacy (n=91) and medical (n=108) students. Self-administered questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The responses of pharmacy students were compared to those of medical students. Pharmacy students&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; knowledge of adverse drug reactions was significantly higher than medical students (5.61±1.78 vs 3.23±1.60; p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). Gender was also significantly interrelated with the knowledge of the participants with male participants were apparently more knowledgeable as compared to female counterparts (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). The attitude of pharmacy students was also significantly better than medical students (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). In comparison, lack of knowledge of where and how to report adverse drug reactions was the main barrier in perception of medical students (0=0.001). Final year pharmacy students exhibited more knowledge and showed positive attitude towards adverse drug reactions and their reporting in comparison to final year medical students.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22461681"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22461681"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461681; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461681]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461681]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461681; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22461681']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22461680"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461680/A_comparison_of_enoxaparin_with_unfractionated_heparins_in_patients_with_coronary_heart_disease_in_an_emergency_department_in_rural_South_Indian_tertiary_care_teaching_hospital"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of enoxaparin with unfractionated heparins in patients with coronary heart disease in an emergency department in rural South Indian tertiary care teaching hospital" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43080598/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461680/A_comparison_of_enoxaparin_with_unfractionated_heparins_in_patients_with_coronary_heart_disease_in_an_emergency_department_in_rural_South_Indian_tertiary_care_teaching_hospital">A comparison of enoxaparin with unfractionated heparins in patients with coronary heart disease in an emergency department in rural South Indian tertiary care teaching hospital</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Indian Journal of Pharmacology</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2a01d9bf294e2937c5a1065087588fb6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":43080598,"asset_id":22461680,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43080598/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22461680"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22461680"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461680; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22461679"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461679/Infection_Control_in_the_Indo_Pak_Subcontinent_Averting_the_Aftermath_of_the_Worst_Flooding_in_60_Years"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Infection Control in the Indo-Pak Subcontinent: Averting the Aftermath of the Worst Flooding in 60 Years" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43080595/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461679/Infection_Control_in_the_Indo_Pak_Subcontinent_Averting_the_Aftermath_of_the_Worst_Flooding_in_60_Years">Infection Control in the Indo-Pak Subcontinent: Averting the Aftermath of the Worst Flooding in 60 Years</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c12c380dd715d48149fbd14d2e11cab5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":43080595,"asset_id":22461679,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43080595/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22461679"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22461679"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461679; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22461678"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461678/Evaluation_of_the_Knowledge_Attitude_and_Practice_of_Self_Medication_among_First_Year_Medical_Students"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self-Medication among First-Year Medical Students" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461678/Evaluation_of_the_Knowledge_Attitude_and_Practice_of_Self_Medication_among_First_Year_Medical_Students">Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self-Medication among First-Year Medical Students</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Medical Principles and Practice</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">... Page 3. James/Handu/Al Khaja/Otoom/Sequeira ... In most instances, drugs were obtained from p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... Page 3. James/Handu/Al Khaja/Otoom/Sequeira ... In most instances, drugs were obtained from private phar-macies (85.8%), friends (16.4%) or the supermarket (14.9%). The majority of the participants (n = 96, 71.6%) read the package insert. ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22461678"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22461678"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461678; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461678]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461678]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461678; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22461678']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22461678]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22461678,"title":"Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self-Medication among First-Year Medical Students","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22461678/Evaluation_of_the_Knowledge_Attitude_and_Practice_of_Self_Medication_among_First_Year_Medical_Students","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22461677"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461677/Medication_errors"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Medication errors" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461677/Medication_errors">Medication errors</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Medication errors are important problems in hospitalized and outpatients department. Medication e...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Medication errors are important problems in hospitalized and outpatients department. Medication errors are inevitable and are affected by numerous human factors. Nevertheless, the epidemiological data about medication errors in outpatients in India is still limited. Objectives: This study was purposed to know the occurrence of medication errors including prescribing error, pharmaceutical error and dispensing error and the occurrence of the most type happened in these errors in outpatient settings. The present study is a ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22461677"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22461677"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461677; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461677]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461677]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461677; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22461677']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22461677]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22461677,"title":"Medication errors","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22461677/Medication_errors","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="19072901"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/19072901/A_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_pharmacy_practice_and_community_medicine"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A new beginning to promote research in pharmacy practice and community medicine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40415286/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/19072901/A_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_pharmacy_practice_and_community_medicine">A new beginning to promote research in pharmacy practice and community medicine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Heartiest greetings to all fellow academicians, practicing pharmacists, physicians, independent r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Heartiest greetings to all fellow academicians, practicing pharmacists, physicians, independent researchers and students!<br />It is indeed a great privilege and an honor for me to be addressing you all at the launching of the first issue of Journal of<br />Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine (JPPCM). JPPCM aims at facilitating the development of community based<br />research, education, and health care services. The purpose of this journal is to promote excellence in pharmacy<br />practice and community medicine.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="44b7588fcefa756c3e0e98a0100b7bfd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40415286,"asset_id":19072901,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40415286/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="19072901"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19072901"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19072901; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19072901]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19072901]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19072901; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='19072901']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "44b7588fcefa756c3e0e98a0100b7bfd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=19072901]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":19072901,"title":"A new beginning to promote research in pharmacy practice and community medicine","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/19072901/A_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_pharmacy_practice_and_community_medicine","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40415286,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40415286/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"61.JPPCM_Editorial.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40415286/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_p.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40415286/61.JPPCM_Editorial-libre.pdf?1448597375=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=azoQEDuU1UqeT-~xi1UoMKvAK-fWxzIRPt1RgreDevLAjTa421-AxCnpzpgN8ZZAdXqRVvKA0PyNFYUHlyrmdiotLBD0XHDYdsyPK6-K-Y8pRNZJcIcrDOmaePpVGCZjE7xOe1-vhDB9nZggcrE5eavUV6H8Sxp8H7ZZ9Cc-bR1KqIE2YOC2~50rVpoNzIQVpMmoM6Id8GSGbvkvlsR9bHbyp-CZR3k7WUCbSdJcoys84kSkdNuKetAVX7I9X1kJOkHBKrcphkm0ebMhexCxEt8whY2m8b77Sax-qJqfMhmV0SkAWjo9eGKXJ7SsNlOY8VWfbapyue5iAi9N7wBAtQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778901"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778901/Evaluation_of_Potential_Drug_Drug_Interactions_with_Antidepressants_in_Two_Tertiary_Care_Hospitals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions with Antidepressants in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250255/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778901/Evaluation_of_Potential_Drug_Drug_Interactions_with_Antidepressants_in_Two_Tertiary_Care_Hospitals">Evaluation of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions with Antidepressants in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT Background: Limited resources of healthcare system and high use of antidepressants have ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT<br />Background: Limited resources of healthcare system and high use of antidepressants have raised some serious concerns regarding proper surveillance system of prescribed medicines. Not much literature is available from Pakistan regarding the potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) associated with antidepressants.<br />Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the frequency of pDDIs associated with antidepressants, their severity, significance and their association with patient characteristics.<br />Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted in two major hospitals of Karachi for the period of three months. Patient profiles, medication charts, and physician notes were thoroughly reviewed to gather all the relevant information. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were set prior to data collection. The collected data was then analysed using Micromedex Drug-REAX System. Descriptive and binomial logistic regression analysis was used to express results.<br />R<br />esults: Of 245 prescriptions reviewed, 141 prescriptions had at least one pDDI (57.5%). A total of 181 pDDIs were identified in prescription containing antidepressant. The ratio of pDDI per prescriptions was 0.78. 42.5% interactions were moderate in severity, 30% of interactions were rapid in onset, and 43% were considered as significant interactions. Polypharmacy (OR=3.41, p<0.001) and presence of chronic problems (OR=2.14, p=0.002) were significantly associated with the occurrence of pDDIs. Citalopram and diclofenac (11.6%) was commonly prescribed interacting pair in this study.<br />C<br />onclusion: The findings of this study recorded high frequency of antidepressants associated pDDIs. Our results confirm the significant association of polypharmacy with the occurrence of pDDIs with antidepressants. Future studies are warranted to establish these results by including hospitals in different parts of the country.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7e08b1a82b070a1da9e6281a0dcec395" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250255,"asset_id":18778901,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250255/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778901"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778901"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778901; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778884"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778884/Polio_vaccination_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Polio vaccination in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250245/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778884/Polio_vaccination_in_Pakistan">Polio vaccination in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">NA</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="15062e75599b9d4647ce459ecb086162" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250245,"asset_id":18778884,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250245/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778884"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778884"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778884; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778884]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778884]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778884; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778884']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "15062e75599b9d4647ce459ecb086162" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778884]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778884,"title":"Polio vaccination in Pakistan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778884/Polio_vaccination_in_Pakistan","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250245,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250245/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"51._Polio_Vaccine_Lancet.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250245/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Polio_vaccination_in_Pakistan.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250245/51._Polio_Vaccine_Lancet-libre.pdf?1448156782=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPolio_vaccination_in_Pakistan.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=enMi8HUTCjwlUjOR-MTU-F9sppP76PufpJztN6EMRPDjx1BcRD7ZN1O-cd6nXOoHAdqB7iT6XBLbPn5u-dcqwYODgoPTtedI0L3Qq~2dNaAvdao29bZ2-RT1blKYqL8IZq2b3t4yhDWaPTUO-DCOna5Q9hvOaUHVM2afKM~gF98Rx~Fv9eUXfLZC58W12gC~yylGdGTX7~LpOutfzMNezjMJzmdK5CG0vbpX51q7YbmH0zo1W8y0NgtozLp9KNCcL02ix00ewBB7n8JyVb5pls-5vxkk5vhonVoBSjG1mW~nF1HEbRv7OA7E7HoneOoMsfWXQz25WmrDwHLNyWTyIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778874"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778874/Japanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Need_to_Increase_Healthcare_Workers_Understanding_to_Improve_Health_Care"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Japanese Encephalitis in Assam, India: Need to Increase Healthcare Workers’ Understanding to Improve Health Care" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250216/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778874/Japanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Need_to_Increase_Healthcare_Workers_Understanding_to_Improve_Health_Care">Japanese Encephalitis in Assam, India: Need to Increase Healthcare Workers’ Understanding to Improve Health Care</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Introduction Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major cause of high morbidity and mortality in sever...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Introduction<br />Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major cause of high morbidity and mortality in several states<br />across India. However, in 2014, a sharp rise was observed in the number of cases of JE in<br />north-eastern Assam state, and 51% of the total cases of JE in India were reported from the<br />Assam in the same year. In this regard, a study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge<br />and attitudes of healthcare workers in Darrang, a district of Assam highly affected by JE.<br />Methods<br />A cross sectional study was conducted for 2 months among HCWs in the major district hospital<br />of Darrang, Assam. A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect<br />data from the participants. Convenience sampling approach was used to collect data from<br />different departments of the hospitals. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were<br />used to express the results.<br />Results<br />The knowledge of HCWs regarding JE was poor with a mean knowledge score of 11.02 ±2.39 (out of 17), while their attitudes were positive with a mean attitudes score of 43.16± 2.47 (ranging from 13 to 52). Overall, 40.4% and 74.3% of participants demonstrated good knowledge and positive attitudes respectively. Cut-off score for good knowledge and positive attitudes toward JE was set as 12 and >40 respectively. Older participants (40–49 years) and experienced workers (>10 years) were significantly associated with good knowledge as compared to their referent group (p<0.05), while knowledge of nurses and other orderlies were significantly lower than physicians (p<0.01). Similar factors were associated with the positive attitudes of the participants with the exception of experience. Television<br />was the major source of information regarding JE reported by HCWs (79%).<br />Conclusion<br />Although the knowledge was not optimized, HCWs exhibited positive attitudes towards JE. Future research is required to design, implement and evaluate interventions to improve the<br />knowledge of JE among HCWs.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="10359b2e0e13cea396c4b4174ab9f4a1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250216,"asset_id":18778874,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250216/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778874"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778874"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778874; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778874]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778874]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778874; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778874']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "10359b2e0e13cea396c4b4174ab9f4a1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778874]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778874,"title":"Japanese Encephalitis in Assam, India: Need to Increase Healthcare Workers’ Understanding to Improve Health Care","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778874/Japanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Need_to_Increase_Healthcare_Workers_Understanding_to_Improve_Health_Care","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250216,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250216/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"52._JE_HCWs.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250216/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Japanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Nee.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250216/52._JE_HCWs-libre.pdf?1448156524=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DJapanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Nee.pdf\u0026Expires=1739577277\u0026Signature=Vn26TzAIkeIqFAVn5qPadOyoFbINSIk1JfUe2Wi4kY4O8BAR9CQwcfxmXgDBmrRVMIotsNLK3WvYlwWBlLpprhasOO1me9KQR0A7TDVpYbnxZXLD7wurlaCydHMQu8egwFUj6xQIACtwsFbm4WtlJ9JI1ssGjqjOeaqoBQEsKcwmz~qc4j2DeLLcdPUQzmA8Q69Zw8SPga6~Iq4EQ-4XzyloNj3ICIRPQ1TpNLeTxAnj9o62WHcKIwMf6Y-U5gUz5iy5gGMjfPLx-f6nVYyQghC1qTOp6PFvxUq6nojIlIfM-2k6aOjsSzZ5v-ybLB02Dbjj7F9iThsdYdirhPyk8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778816"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778816/Job_satisfaction_among_Indian_pharmacists_an_exploration_of_affecting_variables_and_suggestions_for_improvement_in_pharmacist_Role"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Job satisfaction among Indian pharmacists: an exploration of affecting variables and suggestions for improvement in pharmacist Role" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250195/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778816/Job_satisfaction_among_Indian_pharmacists_an_exploration_of_affecting_variables_and_suggestions_for_improvement_in_pharmacist_Role">Job satisfaction among Indian pharmacists: an exploration of affecting variables and suggestions for improvement in pharmacist Role</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of job satisfaction among Indian...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of job satisfaction among<br />Indian pharmacists, and factors associated with job satisfaction. The study also explored<br />the suggestions of pharmacist to improve the profession of pharmacy in India. Methods:<br />A cross sectional web-based study was conducted on working pharmacists in India, using<br />a validated questionnaire for a period of 2 months. The participants were contacted via<br />email and social websites and data was collected by using web-based survey. The data<br />were coded and entered to statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. The<br />responses to the questionnaire were analyzed by performing descriptive and inferential<br />statistics. Results: The satisfaction rate of pharmacists was 17.5%. Similar numbers<br />of pharmacist were satisfied with promotional opportunities at their workplace. 68.7%<br />participants believed the reason for dissatisfaction was irresponsible government policies<br />which hamper pharmacists from seeking jobs compared with other professionals. Majority<br />of pharmacists agreed with the suggestion of determining payscale on the basis of both<br />qualification and experience (85.1%) followed by 84.8% who agreed that pharmacy<br />degree should be deemed essential to acquire registration. Age, qualification and practice<br />setting were significantly associated with differences in mean satisfaction score (p<0.05).<br />Conclusion: In this study, pharmacists were not satisfied with their jobs. A nation-wide<br />study is warranted to further establish the satisfaction of pharmacists with their jobs.<br />A further need to look at the intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with pharmacist<br />satisfaction can aid the development of suitable interventions to improve the same.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c37956b775b8efe7d17ca4a18cb82545" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250195,"asset_id":18778816,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250195/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778816"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778816"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778816; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778816]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778816]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778816; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778816']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "c37956b775b8efe7d17ca4a18cb82545" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778816]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778816,"title":"Job satisfaction among Indian pharmacists: an exploration of affecting variables and suggestions for improvement in pharmacist Role","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778816/Job_satisfaction_among_Indian_pharmacists_an_exploration_of_affecting_variables_and_suggestions_for_improvement_in_pharmacist_Role","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250195,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250195/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"53._Job_Satisfaction.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250195/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Job_satisfaction_among_Indian_pharmacist.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250195/53._Job_Satisfaction-libre.pdf?1448156483=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DJob_satisfaction_among_Indian_pharmacist.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=WufD48tI7zD4kIgBg0UV0~Jr3301LBPec~SvyteOuUvHGrjsDj8SGlevERxo8i6b1rNdS2sUag~t4qNr5f4Oxdu98-~lTGNasRyOuX1ruyI80A1AhzuBuzTXP~APykHZQu4xKLQ1Sb~m3DMMvJWdDlI0A2i1KaTGKx2oSdOkpYzy~AtH-lxxK4XkKkNga4Zc4o68QJKDOtXaifQ4Q92gzjWGhu67G4i9AmzQ1HBDr2it54ZbIxhnBiLi83cL3Vy~j5aTcgUY4Z5ll9B66mzZIGY~qbb8GBikNPVb2o2NvdByHk33H8DlhnBHFrZjHBzEW1L7Vwn4oav7T1~N4B-HyQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778765"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778765/Beliefs_attitudes_and_self_use_of_Ayurveda_Yoga_and_Naturopathy_Unani_Siddha_and_Homeopathy_medicines_among_senior_pharmacy_students_An_exploratory_insight_from_Andhra_Pradesh_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Beliefs, attitudes and self‑use of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy medicines among senior pharmacy students: An exploratory insight from Andhra Pradesh, India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250142/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778765/Beliefs_attitudes_and_self_use_of_Ayurveda_Yoga_and_Naturopathy_Unani_Siddha_and_Homeopathy_medicines_among_senior_pharmacy_students_An_exploratory_insight_from_Andhra_Pradesh_India">Beliefs, attitudes and self‑use of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy medicines among senior pharmacy students: An exploratory insight from Andhra Pradesh, India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://vaagdevipharmacy.academia.edu/DeepakKumar">Deepak Kumar Bandari</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad">Akram Ahmad</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objectives: To assess the beliefs, attitudes and self‑use of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unan...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objectives: To assess the beliefs, attitudes and self‑use of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy,<br />Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy (AYUSH) medicines among senior pharmacy students.<br />Methodology: This was a descriptive cross‑sectional study conducted among pharmacy<br />students in four pharmacy schools located in Andhra Pradesh in South India. This study was<br />conducted from the August to September 2014. The study population included all pharmacy<br />students enrolled in Doctor of Pharmacy, Bachelor of Pharmacy and Diploma in Pharmacy<br />programs in studied pharmacy schools. The pretested AYUSH survey had 8 questions on<br />AYUSH related beliefs and 8 question on AYUSH related attitudes. The survey also asked<br />participants about AYUSH related knowledge, frequency of use of AYUSH and the reason for<br />using AYUSH. The data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 20. Chi‑square test and<br />Mann–Whitney U‑test were employed to study the association between the independent and<br />dependent variables. Results: A total of 428 pharmacy students participated in the survey.<br />32.2% of the study population was females and 32.5% of the population resided in rural<br />areas. Males were more likely to have positive beliefs about AYUSH when compared to<br />females (odd ratio [OR] = 4.62, confidence interval [CI] = 2.37−8.99, P < 0.001). Similarly,<br />students living in hostels were more positive in their beliefs about AYUSH compared with<br />students living at home (OR = 2.14, CI = 1.12−4.07, P < 0.05). Students living in hostel<br />also had a positive attitude about AYUSH use (OR = 1.74, CI = 1.03−2.93, P < 0.05).<br />Conclusion: Pharmacy students held favorable attitude and beliefs about AYUSH use. This baseline survey provides important information about the pharmacy student’s perception about AYUSH. Further research is needed to explore the reasons that shape the pharmacy student’s beliefs and attitudes about AYUSH.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="415789cf6bcf7ea7980d605e80d01a99" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250142,"asset_id":18778765,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250142/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778765"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778765"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778765; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778673"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778673/Effect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoking_Behaviour_of_University_Students_Quantitative_Findings_From_Malaysia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Religious Beliefs on the Smoking Behaviour of University Students: Quantitative Findings From Malaysia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250071/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778673/Effect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoking_Behaviour_of_University_Students_Quantitative_Findings_From_Malaysia">Effect of Religious Beliefs on the Smoking Behaviour of University Students: Quantitative Findings From Malaysia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abstract The Malaysian official Islamic authorities have issued a ‘‘fatwa’’ (Islamic ruling) rega...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abstract The Malaysian official Islamic authorities have issued a ‘‘fatwa’’ (Islamic<br />ruling) regarding smoking practice which prohibits Muslims from smoking because of its<br />potential harm to health. Since the prevalence of smoking among Malaysian students is<br />high, this study was designed to explore the perceptions and opinions of Malaysian Muslim<br />students towards smoking in International Islamic University of Malaysia. A prospective,<br />cross-sectional study was conducted among School of Science students in International<br />Islamic University Malaysia. Convenience sampling approach was used to recruit 323<br />students based on sample size calculation. A content- and face-validated questionnaire was<br />used to collect the data from the participants. Non-smokers highly supported the fatwa on<br />smoking forbiddance than smokers (94 vs 64.3 %, p = 0.001). A significant proportion of<br />non-smokers believed that Islam prohibits smoking because of its potential harm (94.9 vs<br />71.4 %, p = 0.001). Majority of smokers agreed that addiction is the main barrier towards<br />smoking cessation (78.6 vs 61.5 %, p = 0.019). The results showed positive influences of<br />Islamic beliefs on the non-smokers. Further studies are required to validate these findings<br />by surveying other universities of Malaysia.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f3aff98d89b298747fc4113f5ec12793" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250071,"asset_id":18778673,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250071/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778673"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778673"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778673; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f3aff98d89b298747fc4113f5ec12793" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778673]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778673,"title":"Effect of Religious Beliefs on the Smoking Behaviour of University Students: Quantitative Findings From Malaysia","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778673/Effect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoking_Behaviour_of_University_Students_Quantitative_Findings_From_Malaysia","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250071,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250071/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"55.KAP-SMAOKING.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250071/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoki.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250071/55.KAP-SMAOKING-libre.pdf?1448156167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoki.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=YBymgGFpa7GQeRbIwOFwnKa6CsJsipDCsTS57oL0Ceem~9XpWnivtrqf-idPY6CaO5gM8ViNNh2AxE5uvYBZUhRTzksUgXWIqBUh2OiX8Jc4FyrWZ3x87h-0j8nBC0XPUsijWaUHugTOWS9vR1GkZ1nwQyOiBTk8skcIbE14q8nJastLKqsNWnc-KkDSjYN1AYxVERQlkMNzA1JtTQ~iL1IEl61hy3UOioBLJpiEXfYSi5HyFhuNXY3hTMDEYRr8RWmxHV8F7PfzrvPgRDsnFnbvnn7v71Rl2tDIrEZfI1DWckx-0xLv~p5xmHSfNT2IgQ01jObMxfJg9rqteOCIAQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778538"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778538/Crimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakistan_Are_we_going_in_the_right_direction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan: Are we going in the right direction?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250053/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778538/Crimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakistan_Are_we_going_in_the_right_direction">Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan: Are we going in the right direction?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral disease prevalent in Asia, Africa, Middle East,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral<br />disease prevalent in Asia, Africa, Middle East, and<br />the South‑Eastern Europe.[1] The CCHF virus has a<br />fatality rate of 10–50%.[2] In Asia, Pakistan, Iran, and<br />Afghanistan are endemic to CCHF. The active areas<br />are those in the border between the three countries.<br />The movements of the nomads across the borders<br />with their animals including those infested with<br />Hyalomma ticks are responsible for transmitting the<br />virus to both the animals and the humans.[2] The<br />peak of disease occurrence is long term from March<br />to October (spring to fall) as ticks are active in this<br />period although the cases are reported throughout<br />the year. Insanitary state of breeding places and<br />slaughter houses, and the lack of awareness of tick<br />borne diseases among the butchers and the public are<br />the major</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2ec321b7429746429f9fa2e253cbd7e8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250053,"asset_id":18778538,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250053/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778538"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778538"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778538; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778538]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778538]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778538; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778538']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2ec321b7429746429f9fa2e253cbd7e8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778538]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778538,"title":"Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan: Are we going in the right direction?","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778538/Crimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakistan_Are_we_going_in_the_right_direction","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250053,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250053/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"56._Congo-JRPP.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250053/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Crimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakis.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250053/56._Congo-JRPP-libre.pdf?1448155959=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCrimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakis.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=g5x0SIKKKtiaRj5uFBiSs9jYyL9z2gVeFyO0uL1GQGoF7tF4cGQIJjs7zSAKDaJ7QuprDenIOia7VTK0kS6rkMmDUq0rJc6XjCJIbzTfC4syYVun0lgORGAWIOVi3gu9Nb72~BAnhYWCSKI-HjD8a36n96KoxpYEtN3sfPX9SU-Mh~MPAMwZZOoCT5KCZ8klemiOE9GCsuJw9nNWpfeWxc8~YG-mWi350HyXKQhefRrNCA-Gk7UPQbdFJ4XlOzRcYe~Z~4g86DVTHurGIfAWQbQ1q5W-vmrqfyFxJB--s2VJvOVAyPPDFyACMDLA2dvT56PuI8lerVC35rMCFUHopg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778449"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778449/Comparison_of_the_knowledge_attitudes_and_perception_of_barriers_regarding_adverse_drug_reaction_reporting_between_pharmacy_and_medical_students_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the knowledge, attitudes, and perception of barriers regarding adverse drug reaction reporting between pharmacy and medical students in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250026/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778449/Comparison_of_the_knowledge_attitudes_and_perception_of_barriers_regarding_adverse_drug_reaction_reporting_between_pharmacy_and_medical_students_in_Pakistan">Comparison of the knowledge, attitudes, and perception of barriers regarding adverse drug reaction reporting between pharmacy and medical students in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the knowledge and attitudes of pharmacy and medica...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the knowledge and attitudes of pharmacy and medical students regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs), as well as their perceptions of barriers to ADR reporting, in a Higher Education Commission-recognised Pakistani university. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among final-year pharmacy (n=91) and medical (n=108) students in Pakistan from June 1 to July 31, 2014. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. The responses of pharmacy students were compared to those of medical students. Results: Pharmacy students had a significantly better knowledge of ADRs than medical students (mean±SD, 5.61±1.78 vs. 3.23±1.60; P<0.001). Gender showed a significant relationship to knowledge about ADRs, and male participants were apparently more knowledgeable than their female counterparts (P<0.001). The attitudes of pharmacy students regarding their capability to handle and report ADRs were significantly more positive than those of medical students (P<0.05). In comparison to pharmacy students, a lack of knowledge of where and how to report ADRs was the main barrier that medical students perceived to ADR reporting (P=0.001). Conclusion: Final-year pharmacy students exhibited more knowledge about ADRs and showed more positive attitudes regarding their capacity to handle and report ADRs than final-year medical students.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a6c8a576f0d1b30f0a566554951bd498" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250026,"asset_id":18778449,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250026/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778449"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778449"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778449; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778449]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778449]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778449; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778449']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a6c8a576f0d1b30f0a566554951bd498" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778449]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778449,"title":"Comparison of the knowledge, attitudes, and perception of barriers regarding adverse drug reaction reporting between pharmacy and medical students in Pakistan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778449/Comparison_of_the_knowledge_attitudes_and_perception_of_barriers_regarding_adverse_drug_reaction_reporting_between_pharmacy_and_medical_students_in_Pakistan","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250026,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250026/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"57._ADRs_Pakistan.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250026/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Comparison_of_the_knowledge_attitudes_an.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250026/57._ADRs_Pakistan-libre.pdf?1448155931=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DComparison_of_the_knowledge_attitudes_an.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=K5bAnaK8bgpaVqkwXnYnboSBCINhesy0rrUgIqanbOhih~ovWYKBW9APOAXV9zzcRk9dGwz~OPpFqPfPtpNunx6MUCigMDoOpQC~HxT2jF8~Tj2QfZ-zAIqhVQ0iuU1VPepS1BRBAlC6uGao69LZzOLP07X3l1IIj2YCtNEVCGVHjfw9E76td0bbYvOx1ewv655TxIJmjKwL3qQAEonNtF0pCnv13kmmO9YPy4sVDWN84vGF8a87TrzZMG3bIHDUwjfErQsy15rTXSRlU0IG7icIlrHNFdkw2r5qMmoWlCxcA2suyk0wx6tpknQIl8W3CDO-c6oJcXX40OJsS7-DIw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778382"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778382/The_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practice_courses_in_Pakistan_the_perspectives_of_senior_pharmacy_students"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The need for redesigned pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan: the perspectives of senior pharmacy students" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40249998/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778382/The_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practice_courses_in_Pakistan_the_perspectives_of_senior_pharmacy_students">The need for redesigned pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan: the perspectives of senior pharmacy students</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Purpose: In Pakistan, courses in pharmacy practice, which are an essential component of the Pharm...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Purpose: In Pakistan, courses in pharmacy practice, which are an essential component of the PharmD curriculum, were launched with the aim of strengthening pharmacy practice overall and enabling pharmacy students to cope with the challenges involved in meeting real-world healthcare needs. Since very little research has assessed the efficacy of such courses, we aimed to evaluate students’ perceptions of pharmacy practice courses and their opinions about whether their current knowledge of the topics covered in pharmacy practice courses is adequate for future practice. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over two months among the senior pharmacy students of two pharmacy colleges. A content- and face-validated questionnaire was used to collect data, which were then analysed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were performed. Results: Research in pharmacy practice (30.2%), applied drug information (34.4%), health policy (38.1%), public health and epidemiology (39.5%), pharmacovigilance (45.6%), and pharmacoeconomics (47.9%) were the major courses that were covered to the least extent in the PharmD curriculum. However, hospital pharmacy practice (94.4%), pharmacotherapeutics (88.8%), and community pharmacy practice (82.8%) were covered well. Although 94% of students considered these courses important, only 37.2% considered themselves to be competent in the corresponding topics. Of the participants, 87.9% agreed that the pharmacy courses in the present curriculum should be redesigned. Conclusion: Our results showed that the pharmacy practice courses in the current PharmD curriculum do not encompass some important core subjects. A nationwide study is warranted to further establish the necessity for remodelling pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="40341ff7c536ac16c3e8ed0b3f04d27c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40249998,"asset_id":18778382,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40249998/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778382"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778382"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778382; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778382]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778382]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778382; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778382']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "40341ff7c536ac16c3e8ed0b3f04d27c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778382]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778382,"title":"The need for redesigned pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan: the perspectives of senior pharmacy students","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778382/The_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practice_courses_in_Pakistan_the_perspectives_of_senior_pharmacy_students","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40249998,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40249998/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"58._PP_Pakistan.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40249998/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practic.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40249998/58._PP_Pakistan-libre.pdf?1448155700=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practic.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=gdrryJTQ-3KotndF9Jk1-RoaIgR4yaJ9gaRZLVX~FlYXFb0LXfZT6eigiPbOaKYnluPymkSewrbSsk6sw1IrtvqfJZX4IVhIC9~5UMpwHh02rYSeWqUbpyFBRig9nJK06K5fcEt6Nyc0z509E~OfADPJRG~hugJFaZZkFkX1pSZh~TiYxnwBwgyjGMyXH1UZxHsvtBeU3b2XpKfRbqG6FMHZFUSz9ZYMublbUg8KBgE~wflP23I1i5LahC8z8hPcGJrCJHoh2fj5EaEG2uSldREIJcmH-ZC7H7NCQWkhY7JCaYPoXHsImO2nOMJ-y1XwN0IWwBY0OMx89okWXcqCmQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778354"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778354/Knowledge_attitudes_and_perceptions_towards_polio_immunization_among_residents_of_two_highly_affected_regions_of_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards polio immunization among residents of two highly affected regions of Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40249943/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778354/Knowledge_attitudes_and_perceptions_towards_polio_immunization_among_residents_of_two_highly_affected_regions_of_Pakistan">Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards polio immunization among residents of two highly affected regions of Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Despite the efforts of national and international organizations, polio has not been e...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Despite the efforts of national and international organizations, polio has not been eradicated from<br />Pakistan. The prevalence of polio in Pakistan is exceptional in global context. Quetta and Peshawar divisions are<br />amongst the most affected regions hit by polio in Pakistan. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge,<br />attitudes and perceptions towards polio immunization among residents of Quetta and Peshawar divisions in<br />Pakistan.<br />Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 768 participants was conducted from August to December,<br />2014 in Quetta and Peshawar divisions in Pakistan. Multistage sampling technique was used to draw a sample of<br />residents from each division. A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from eligible<br />participants. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used to express the results.<br />Results: A total of 38.8 % participants exhibited good knowledge about polio. Mean knowledge score of the<br />participants was 7.35 ± 2.54 (based on 15 knowledge questions). Older age (p < 0.001), low qualification (p < 0.05),<br />rural locality (p < 0.05) and Quetta division (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with poor knowledge of polio.<br />A large proportion of participants displayed negative attitudes towards polio immunization (84.8 %), with a mean<br />score of 19.19 ± 2.39 (based on 8 attitude statements). Lack of education (p < 0.001) and rural residence (p < 0.001)<br />were significantly associated with the negative attitudes of participants towards polio immunization. False religious<br />beliefs (39.06 %), lack of knowledge (33.7 %), fear of infertility by polio vaccines (32.16 %) and security issues<br />(29.42 %) were reported by the participants as the main barriers towards polio immunization.<br />Conclusion: The findings of this study showed poor knowledge and negative attitudes of participants towards<br />polio immunizations. Religious beliefs and lack of knowledge about polio immunization were reported as the major<br />barriers towards polio immunization.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a04d0f7da581f6b560a48448c041a44d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40249943,"asset_id":18778354,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40249943/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778354"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778354"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778354; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778354]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778354]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778354; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778354']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="1704956" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59729852"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59729852/The_Role_of_Religion_Spirituality_and_Fasting_in_Coping_with_Diabetes_among_Indian_Migrants_in_Australia_A_Qualitative_Exploratory_Study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Role of Religion, Spirituality and Fasting in Coping with Diabetes among Indian Migrants in Australia: A Qualitative Exploratory Study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73502610/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59729852/The_Role_of_Religion_Spirituality_and_Fasting_in_Coping_with_Diabetes_among_Indian_Migrants_in_Australia_A_Qualitative_Exploratory_Study">The Role of Religion, Spirituality and Fasting in Coping with Diabetes among Indian Migrants in Australia: A Qualitative Exploratory Study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Australia has a high proportion of migrants, with an increasing migration rate from India. While ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Australia has a high proportion of migrants, with an increasing migration rate from India. While many factors influence diabetes self-management among Indian migrants, very little is known about the influence of religious beliefs and spirituality. This study explored the religious beliefs of Indian migrants in Australia and the influence of those beliefs on their diabetes self-management. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 23 Indian migrants. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Most participants believed that prayers helped them alleviate stress and improve diabetes management participants also believed that receiving blessings/prayers from religious leaders prevent or cure diseases including diabetes. There were mixed views on beliefs about using insulin obtained from animal sources. Some participants were concerned about the use of animal-based insulin as it was against their religious beliefs and teachings. Some participants believed that religious fasting does not have any impact on their diabetes while others believed that it can be detrimental to their health. Religious beliefs therefore played an important role in how Indian migrants managed their diabetes. Healthcare professionals should consider their patients' religious beliefs during consultations, enlist support, such as religious scholars, to better address people's misconceptions, and identify strategies for effective diabetes management that consider religious beliefs.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="695f2d929ddf819049ee092a0abc5a07" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73502610,"asset_id":59729852,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73502610/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59729852"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59729852"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59729852; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="54979778"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/54979778/A_Qualitative_Study_on_Medication_Taking_Behaviour_Among_People_With_Diabetes_in_Australia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Qualitative Study on Medication Taking Behaviour Among People With Diabetes in Australia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/71075779/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/54979778/A_Qualitative_Study_on_Medication_Taking_Behaviour_Among_People_With_Diabetes_in_Australia">A Qualitative Study on Medication Taking Behaviour Among People With Diabetes in Australia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Australia has a high proportion of migrants with an increasing migration rate from In...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Australia has a high proportion of migrants with an increasing migration rate from India. Type II diabetes is a long-term condition common amongst the Indian population. Aims: To investigate patients' medication-taking behaviour and factors that influence adherence at the three phases of adherence. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 23 Indian migrants living in Sydney. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Results: 1) Initiation: The majority of participants were initially prescribed oral antidiabetic medicine and only two were started on insulin. Most started taking their medicine immediately while some delayed initiating therapy due to fear of side-effects. 2) Implementation: Most participants reported taking their medicine as prescribed. However, some reported forgetting their medicine especially when they were in a hurry for work or were out for social events. 3) Discontinuation: A few participants discontinued taking their medicine. Those who discontinued did so to try Ayurvedic medicine. Their trial continued for a few weeks to a few years. Those who did not receive expected results from the Ayurvedic medicine restarted their prescribed conventional medicine. Conclusion: A range of medication-taking behaviours were observed, ranging from delays in initiation to long-term discontinuation, and swapping of prescribed medicine with Ayurvedic medicine. This study highlights the need for tailored interventions, including education, that focus on factors that impact medication adherence from initiation to discontinuation of therapy.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="db586f55864736d1fc75dd89604d1a80" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":71075779,"asset_id":54979778,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71075779/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="54979778"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="54979778"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 54979778; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="38759348"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/38759348/Journal_of_Advances_in_Medical_Dental_and_Health_Sciences"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Journal of Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/58847696/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/38759348/Journal_of_Advances_in_Medical_Dental_and_Health_Sciences">Journal of Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad">Akram Ahmad</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://taipeimedical.academia.edu/SAtique">Suleman Atique</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Dear fellow professional colleagues, practicing healthcare professionals and researchers. It is i...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Dear fellow professional colleagues, practicing healthcare professionals and researchers. It is indeed a great privilege and an honour for us to be addressing you all at the launch of the first issue of Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences (AMDHS). The journal aims at helping the development of multidisciplinary research among allied health sciences researchers and practitioners.<br /><br />Advances in Medical, Dental and Health Sciences (AMDHS) is being launched. AMDHS is an Open Access, Internationally Peer Reviewed Journal in the field of Medical Sciences and will publish issue quarterly (4 issues/yearly). It will be published by OZZIE Publishers, which is a nonprofit private organization, to bring allied health science disciplines on a single platform.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0b4b4ebd20aa064ad18817fdbe5231a6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":58847696,"asset_id":38759348,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58847696/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="38759348"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38759348"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38759348; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38759348]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38759348]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38759348; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='38759348']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="27440916"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/27440916/Journal_of_Pharmacy_Practice_and_Community_Medicine"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47698117/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/27440916/Journal_of_Pharmacy_Practice_and_Community_Medicine">Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Dear readers, Heartiest greetings to all fellow academicians, practicing pharmacists, physicians,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Dear readers,<br />Heartiest greetings to all fellow academicians, practicing pharmacists, physicians, independent researchers and students!<br />It is indeed a great privilege and an honor for me to be addressing you all at the launching of the first issue of Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine (JPPCM). JPPCM aims at facilitating the development of community-based research, education, and health care services. The purpose of this journal is to promote excellence in pharmacy practice and community medicine.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="482d02959ca1a61cb96ff4d3b4497d00" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":47698117,"asset_id":27440916,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47698117/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="27440916"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27440916"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27440916; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27440916]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27440916]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27440916; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='27440916']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "482d02959ca1a61cb96ff4d3b4497d00" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=27440916]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":27440916,"title":"Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/27440916/Journal_of_Pharmacy_Practice_and_Community_Medicine","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":47698117,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/47698117/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"61.JPPCM_Editorial.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47698117/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Journal_of_Pharmacy_Practice_and_Communi.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/47698117/61.JPPCM_Editorial-libre.pdf?1470064111=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DJournal_of_Pharmacy_Practice_and_Communi.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=JqwGXiBxTJnz5uUeImAfFVvuhPY~c5Mz5mCkAXNJhuJ~6jKX5YUnlu78Xe5fGxwLw36woGAnkgNFklweRcIo633arTCNcaTLoqouUtWLcL1FtfXCES8MOGoUfPY-0WDpREjAfs3P~Z-G6hNBkQWuD-wEWwRD1gr8cXWMHxGyW46hKvq814uhpS25tADFzSDGuj4n7MP6pTTeNCb6gHLYFSrfpafMITIF4~OewfgZlOn4auhcPKoUCD-WuJnWOdx-RGQg9wSWxeK-m12tUYshPq8dJqL90q-bGlWX4a6xCW1BghcKWS6gGoQ2PJ434jclbGDmXPyHoLH03xGTJLTOmg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22461681"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461681/Comparison_of_Knowledge_Attitude_and_Perception_of_Barriers_towards_Adverse_Drug_Reaction_Reporting_Among_Pharmacy_and_Medical_Students_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Barriers towards Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Among Pharmacy and Medical Students in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461681/Comparison_of_Knowledge_Attitude_and_Perception_of_Barriers_towards_Adverse_Drug_Reaction_Reporting_Among_Pharmacy_and_Medical_Students_in_Pakistan">Comparison of Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Barriers towards Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Among Pharmacy and Medical Students in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To compare the knowledge and attitude of pharmacy and medical students and their perception of ba...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To compare the knowledge and attitude of pharmacy and medical students and their perception of barriers towards adverse drug reactions (ADR) reporting in Higher Education Commission-recognized University of Pakistan. A cross sectional study was conducted on final year pharmacy (n=91) and medical (n=108) students. Self-administered questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The responses of pharmacy students were compared to those of medical students. Pharmacy students&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; knowledge of adverse drug reactions was significantly higher than medical students (5.61±1.78 vs 3.23±1.60; p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). Gender was also significantly interrelated with the knowledge of the participants with male participants were apparently more knowledgeable as compared to female counterparts (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). The attitude of pharmacy students was also significantly better than medical students (P&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). In comparison, lack of knowledge of where and how to report adverse drug reactions was the main barrier in perception of medical students (0=0.001). Final year pharmacy students exhibited more knowledge and showed positive attitude towards adverse drug reactions and their reporting in comparison to final year medical students.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22461681"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22461681"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461681; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461681]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461681]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461681; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22461681']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22461680"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461680/A_comparison_of_enoxaparin_with_unfractionated_heparins_in_patients_with_coronary_heart_disease_in_an_emergency_department_in_rural_South_Indian_tertiary_care_teaching_hospital"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A comparison of enoxaparin with unfractionated heparins in patients with coronary heart disease in an emergency department in rural South Indian tertiary care teaching hospital" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/43080598/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461680/A_comparison_of_enoxaparin_with_unfractionated_heparins_in_patients_with_coronary_heart_disease_in_an_emergency_department_in_rural_South_Indian_tertiary_care_teaching_hospital">A comparison of enoxaparin with unfractionated heparins in patients with coronary heart disease in an emergency department in rural South Indian tertiary care teaching hospital</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Indian Journal of Pharmacology</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2a01d9bf294e2937c5a1065087588fb6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":43080598,"asset_id":22461680,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43080598/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22461680"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22461680"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461680; 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Page 3. James/Handu/Al Khaja/Otoom/Sequeira ... In most instances, drugs were obtained from p...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... Page 3. James/Handu/Al Khaja/Otoom/Sequeira ... In most instances, drugs were obtained from private phar-macies (85.8%), friends (16.4%) or the supermarket (14.9%). The majority of the participants (n = 96, 71.6%) read the package insert. ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22461678"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22461678"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461678; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461678]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461678]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461678; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22461678']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22461678]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22461678,"title":"Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self-Medication among First-Year Medical Students","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22461678/Evaluation_of_the_Knowledge_Attitude_and_Practice_of_Self_Medication_among_First_Year_Medical_Students","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22461677"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461677/Medication_errors"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Medication errors" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461677/Medication_errors">Medication errors</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Medication errors are important problems in hospitalized and outpatients department. Medication e...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Medication errors are important problems in hospitalized and outpatients department. Medication errors are inevitable and are affected by numerous human factors. Nevertheless, the epidemiological data about medication errors in outpatients in India is still limited. Objectives: This study was purposed to know the occurrence of medication errors including prescribing error, pharmaceutical error and dispensing error and the occurrence of the most type happened in these errors in outpatient settings. The present study is a ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22461677"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22461677"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461677; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461677]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461677]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22461677; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22461677']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22461677]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22461677,"title":"Medication errors","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22461677/Medication_errors","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="19072901"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/19072901/A_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_pharmacy_practice_and_community_medicine"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A new beginning to promote research in pharmacy practice and community medicine" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40415286/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/19072901/A_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_pharmacy_practice_and_community_medicine">A new beginning to promote research in pharmacy practice and community medicine</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Heartiest greetings to all fellow academicians, practicing pharmacists, physicians, independent r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Heartiest greetings to all fellow academicians, practicing pharmacists, physicians, independent researchers and students!<br />It is indeed a great privilege and an honor for me to be addressing you all at the launching of the first issue of Journal of<br />Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine (JPPCM). JPPCM aims at facilitating the development of community based<br />research, education, and health care services. The purpose of this journal is to promote excellence in pharmacy<br />practice and community medicine.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="44b7588fcefa756c3e0e98a0100b7bfd" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40415286,"asset_id":19072901,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40415286/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="19072901"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19072901"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19072901; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19072901]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19072901]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19072901; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='19072901']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "44b7588fcefa756c3e0e98a0100b7bfd" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=19072901]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":19072901,"title":"A new beginning to promote research in pharmacy practice and community medicine","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/19072901/A_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_pharmacy_practice_and_community_medicine","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40415286,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40415286/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"61.JPPCM_Editorial.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40415286/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_p.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40415286/61.JPPCM_Editorial-libre.pdf?1448597375=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_new_beginning_to_promote_research_in_p.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=azoQEDuU1UqeT-~xi1UoMKvAK-fWxzIRPt1RgreDevLAjTa421-AxCnpzpgN8ZZAdXqRVvKA0PyNFYUHlyrmdiotLBD0XHDYdsyPK6-K-Y8pRNZJcIcrDOmaePpVGCZjE7xOe1-vhDB9nZggcrE5eavUV6H8Sxp8H7ZZ9Cc-bR1KqIE2YOC2~50rVpoNzIQVpMmoM6Id8GSGbvkvlsR9bHbyp-CZR3k7WUCbSdJcoys84kSkdNuKetAVX7I9X1kJOkHBKrcphkm0ebMhexCxEt8whY2m8b77Sax-qJqfMhmV0SkAWjo9eGKXJ7SsNlOY8VWfbapyue5iAi9N7wBAtQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778901"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778901/Evaluation_of_Potential_Drug_Drug_Interactions_with_Antidepressants_in_Two_Tertiary_Care_Hospitals"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions with Antidepressants in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250255/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778901/Evaluation_of_Potential_Drug_Drug_Interactions_with_Antidepressants_in_Two_Tertiary_Care_Hospitals">Evaluation of Potential Drug-Drug Interactions with Antidepressants in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT Background: Limited resources of healthcare system and high use of antidepressants have ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT<br />Background: Limited resources of healthcare system and high use of antidepressants have raised some serious concerns regarding proper surveillance system of prescribed medicines. Not much literature is available from Pakistan regarding the potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) associated with antidepressants.<br />Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the frequency of pDDIs associated with antidepressants, their severity, significance and their association with patient characteristics.<br />Materials and Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted in two major hospitals of Karachi for the period of three months. Patient profiles, medication charts, and physician notes were thoroughly reviewed to gather all the relevant information. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were set prior to data collection. The collected data was then analysed using Micromedex Drug-REAX System. Descriptive and binomial logistic regression analysis was used to express results.<br />R<br />esults: Of 245 prescriptions reviewed, 141 prescriptions had at least one pDDI (57.5%). A total of 181 pDDIs were identified in prescription containing antidepressant. The ratio of pDDI per prescriptions was 0.78. 42.5% interactions were moderate in severity, 30% of interactions were rapid in onset, and 43% were considered as significant interactions. Polypharmacy (OR=3.41, p<0.001) and presence of chronic problems (OR=2.14, p=0.002) were significantly associated with the occurrence of pDDIs. Citalopram and diclofenac (11.6%) was commonly prescribed interacting pair in this study.<br />C<br />onclusion: The findings of this study recorded high frequency of antidepressants associated pDDIs. Our results confirm the significant association of polypharmacy with the occurrence of pDDIs with antidepressants. Future studies are warranted to establish these results by including hospitals in different parts of the country.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="7e08b1a82b070a1da9e6281a0dcec395" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250255,"asset_id":18778901,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250255/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778901"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778901"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778901; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778884"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778884/Polio_vaccination_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Polio vaccination in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250245/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778884/Polio_vaccination_in_Pakistan">Polio vaccination in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">NA</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="15062e75599b9d4647ce459ecb086162" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250245,"asset_id":18778884,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250245/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778884"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778884"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778884; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778884]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778884]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778884; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778884']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "15062e75599b9d4647ce459ecb086162" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778884]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778884,"title":"Polio vaccination in Pakistan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778884/Polio_vaccination_in_Pakistan","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250245,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250245/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"51._Polio_Vaccine_Lancet.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250245/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Polio_vaccination_in_Pakistan.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250245/51._Polio_Vaccine_Lancet-libre.pdf?1448156782=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPolio_vaccination_in_Pakistan.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=enMi8HUTCjwlUjOR-MTU-F9sppP76PufpJztN6EMRPDjx1BcRD7ZN1O-cd6nXOoHAdqB7iT6XBLbPn5u-dcqwYODgoPTtedI0L3Qq~2dNaAvdao29bZ2-RT1blKYqL8IZq2b3t4yhDWaPTUO-DCOna5Q9hvOaUHVM2afKM~gF98Rx~Fv9eUXfLZC58W12gC~yylGdGTX7~LpOutfzMNezjMJzmdK5CG0vbpX51q7YbmH0zo1W8y0NgtozLp9KNCcL02ix00ewBB7n8JyVb5pls-5vxkk5vhonVoBSjG1mW~nF1HEbRv7OA7E7HoneOoMsfWXQz25WmrDwHLNyWTyIg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778874"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778874/Japanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Need_to_Increase_Healthcare_Workers_Understanding_to_Improve_Health_Care"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Japanese Encephalitis in Assam, India: Need to Increase Healthcare Workers’ Understanding to Improve Health Care" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250216/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778874/Japanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Need_to_Increase_Healthcare_Workers_Understanding_to_Improve_Health_Care">Japanese Encephalitis in Assam, India: Need to Increase Healthcare Workers’ Understanding to Improve Health Care</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Introduction Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major cause of high morbidity and mortality in sever...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Introduction<br />Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major cause of high morbidity and mortality in several states<br />across India. However, in 2014, a sharp rise was observed in the number of cases of JE in<br />north-eastern Assam state, and 51% of the total cases of JE in India were reported from the<br />Assam in the same year. In this regard, a study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge<br />and attitudes of healthcare workers in Darrang, a district of Assam highly affected by JE.<br />Methods<br />A cross sectional study was conducted for 2 months among HCWs in the major district hospital<br />of Darrang, Assam. A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect<br />data from the participants. Convenience sampling approach was used to collect data from<br />different departments of the hospitals. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were<br />used to express the results.<br />Results<br />The knowledge of HCWs regarding JE was poor with a mean knowledge score of 11.02 ±2.39 (out of 17), while their attitudes were positive with a mean attitudes score of 43.16± 2.47 (ranging from 13 to 52). Overall, 40.4% and 74.3% of participants demonstrated good knowledge and positive attitudes respectively. Cut-off score for good knowledge and positive attitudes toward JE was set as 12 and >40 respectively. Older participants (40–49 years) and experienced workers (>10 years) were significantly associated with good knowledge as compared to their referent group (p<0.05), while knowledge of nurses and other orderlies were significantly lower than physicians (p<0.01). Similar factors were associated with the positive attitudes of the participants with the exception of experience. Television<br />was the major source of information regarding JE reported by HCWs (79%).<br />Conclusion<br />Although the knowledge was not optimized, HCWs exhibited positive attitudes towards JE. Future research is required to design, implement and evaluate interventions to improve the<br />knowledge of JE among HCWs.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="10359b2e0e13cea396c4b4174ab9f4a1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250216,"asset_id":18778874,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250216/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778874"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778874"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778874; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778874]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778874]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778874; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778874']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "10359b2e0e13cea396c4b4174ab9f4a1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778874]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778874,"title":"Japanese Encephalitis in Assam, India: Need to Increase Healthcare Workers’ Understanding to Improve Health Care","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778874/Japanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Need_to_Increase_Healthcare_Workers_Understanding_to_Improve_Health_Care","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250216,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250216/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"52._JE_HCWs.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250216/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Japanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Nee.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250216/52._JE_HCWs-libre.pdf?1448156524=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DJapanese_Encephalitis_in_Assam_India_Nee.pdf\u0026Expires=1739577277\u0026Signature=Vn26TzAIkeIqFAVn5qPadOyoFbINSIk1JfUe2Wi4kY4O8BAR9CQwcfxmXgDBmrRVMIotsNLK3WvYlwWBlLpprhasOO1me9KQR0A7TDVpYbnxZXLD7wurlaCydHMQu8egwFUj6xQIACtwsFbm4WtlJ9JI1ssGjqjOeaqoBQEsKcwmz~qc4j2DeLLcdPUQzmA8Q69Zw8SPga6~Iq4EQ-4XzyloNj3ICIRPQ1TpNLeTxAnj9o62WHcKIwMf6Y-U5gUz5iy5gGMjfPLx-f6nVYyQghC1qTOp6PFvxUq6nojIlIfM-2k6aOjsSzZ5v-ybLB02Dbjj7F9iThsdYdirhPyk8Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778816"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778816/Job_satisfaction_among_Indian_pharmacists_an_exploration_of_affecting_variables_and_suggestions_for_improvement_in_pharmacist_Role"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Job satisfaction among Indian pharmacists: an exploration of affecting variables and suggestions for improvement in pharmacist Role" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250195/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778816/Job_satisfaction_among_Indian_pharmacists_an_exploration_of_affecting_variables_and_suggestions_for_improvement_in_pharmacist_Role">Job satisfaction among Indian pharmacists: an exploration of affecting variables and suggestions for improvement in pharmacist Role</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of job satisfaction among Indian...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of job satisfaction among<br />Indian pharmacists, and factors associated with job satisfaction. The study also explored<br />the suggestions of pharmacist to improve the profession of pharmacy in India. Methods:<br />A cross sectional web-based study was conducted on working pharmacists in India, using<br />a validated questionnaire for a period of 2 months. The participants were contacted via<br />email and social websites and data was collected by using web-based survey. The data<br />were coded and entered to statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. The<br />responses to the questionnaire were analyzed by performing descriptive and inferential<br />statistics. Results: The satisfaction rate of pharmacists was 17.5%. Similar numbers<br />of pharmacist were satisfied with promotional opportunities at their workplace. 68.7%<br />participants believed the reason for dissatisfaction was irresponsible government policies<br />which hamper pharmacists from seeking jobs compared with other professionals. Majority<br />of pharmacists agreed with the suggestion of determining payscale on the basis of both<br />qualification and experience (85.1%) followed by 84.8% who agreed that pharmacy<br />degree should be deemed essential to acquire registration. Age, qualification and practice<br />setting were significantly associated with differences in mean satisfaction score (p<0.05).<br />Conclusion: In this study, pharmacists were not satisfied with their jobs. A nation-wide<br />study is warranted to further establish the satisfaction of pharmacists with their jobs.<br />A further need to look at the intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with pharmacist<br />satisfaction can aid the development of suitable interventions to improve the same.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c37956b775b8efe7d17ca4a18cb82545" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250195,"asset_id":18778816,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250195/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778816"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778816"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778816; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778765"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778765/Beliefs_attitudes_and_self_use_of_Ayurveda_Yoga_and_Naturopathy_Unani_Siddha_and_Homeopathy_medicines_among_senior_pharmacy_students_An_exploratory_insight_from_Andhra_Pradesh_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Beliefs, attitudes and self‑use of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy medicines among senior pharmacy students: An exploratory insight from Andhra Pradesh, India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250142/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778765/Beliefs_attitudes_and_self_use_of_Ayurveda_Yoga_and_Naturopathy_Unani_Siddha_and_Homeopathy_medicines_among_senior_pharmacy_students_An_exploratory_insight_from_Andhra_Pradesh_India">Beliefs, attitudes and self‑use of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy medicines among senior pharmacy students: An exploratory insight from Andhra Pradesh, India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://vaagdevipharmacy.academia.edu/DeepakKumar">Deepak Kumar Bandari</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad">Akram Ahmad</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objectives: To assess the beliefs, attitudes and self‑use of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unan...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objectives: To assess the beliefs, attitudes and self‑use of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy,<br />Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy (AYUSH) medicines among senior pharmacy students.<br />Methodology: This was a descriptive cross‑sectional study conducted among pharmacy<br />students in four pharmacy schools located in Andhra Pradesh in South India. This study was<br />conducted from the August to September 2014. The study population included all pharmacy<br />students enrolled in Doctor of Pharmacy, Bachelor of Pharmacy and Diploma in Pharmacy<br />programs in studied pharmacy schools. The pretested AYUSH survey had 8 questions on<br />AYUSH related beliefs and 8 question on AYUSH related attitudes. The survey also asked<br />participants about AYUSH related knowledge, frequency of use of AYUSH and the reason for<br />using AYUSH. The data analysis was performed using SPSS Version 20. Chi‑square test and<br />Mann–Whitney U‑test were employed to study the association between the independent and<br />dependent variables. Results: A total of 428 pharmacy students participated in the survey.<br />32.2% of the study population was females and 32.5% of the population resided in rural<br />areas. Males were more likely to have positive beliefs about AYUSH when compared to<br />females (odd ratio [OR] = 4.62, confidence interval [CI] = 2.37−8.99, P < 0.001). Similarly,<br />students living in hostels were more positive in their beliefs about AYUSH compared with<br />students living at home (OR = 2.14, CI = 1.12−4.07, P < 0.05). Students living in hostel<br />also had a positive attitude about AYUSH use (OR = 1.74, CI = 1.03−2.93, P < 0.05).<br />Conclusion: Pharmacy students held favorable attitude and beliefs about AYUSH use. This baseline survey provides important information about the pharmacy student’s perception about AYUSH. Further research is needed to explore the reasons that shape the pharmacy student’s beliefs and attitudes about AYUSH.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="415789cf6bcf7ea7980d605e80d01a99" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250142,"asset_id":18778765,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250142/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778765"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778765"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778765; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778765]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778765]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778765; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778765']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778673"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778673/Effect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoking_Behaviour_of_University_Students_Quantitative_Findings_From_Malaysia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Religious Beliefs on the Smoking Behaviour of University Students: Quantitative Findings From Malaysia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250071/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778673/Effect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoking_Behaviour_of_University_Students_Quantitative_Findings_From_Malaysia">Effect of Religious Beliefs on the Smoking Behaviour of University Students: Quantitative Findings From Malaysia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Abstract The Malaysian official Islamic authorities have issued a ‘‘fatwa’’ (Islamic ruling) rega...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Abstract The Malaysian official Islamic authorities have issued a ‘‘fatwa’’ (Islamic<br />ruling) regarding smoking practice which prohibits Muslims from smoking because of its<br />potential harm to health. Since the prevalence of smoking among Malaysian students is<br />high, this study was designed to explore the perceptions and opinions of Malaysian Muslim<br />students towards smoking in International Islamic University of Malaysia. A prospective,<br />cross-sectional study was conducted among School of Science students in International<br />Islamic University Malaysia. Convenience sampling approach was used to recruit 323<br />students based on sample size calculation. A content- and face-validated questionnaire was<br />used to collect the data from the participants. Non-smokers highly supported the fatwa on<br />smoking forbiddance than smokers (94 vs 64.3 %, p = 0.001). A significant proportion of<br />non-smokers believed that Islam prohibits smoking because of its potential harm (94.9 vs<br />71.4 %, p = 0.001). Majority of smokers agreed that addiction is the main barrier towards<br />smoking cessation (78.6 vs 61.5 %, p = 0.019). The results showed positive influences of<br />Islamic beliefs on the non-smokers. Further studies are required to validate these findings<br />by surveying other universities of Malaysia.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f3aff98d89b298747fc4113f5ec12793" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250071,"asset_id":18778673,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250071/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778673"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778673"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778673; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778673]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778673]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778673; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778673']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f3aff98d89b298747fc4113f5ec12793" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778673]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778673,"title":"Effect of Religious Beliefs on the Smoking Behaviour of University Students: Quantitative Findings From Malaysia","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778673/Effect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoking_Behaviour_of_University_Students_Quantitative_Findings_From_Malaysia","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250071,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250071/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"55.KAP-SMAOKING.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250071/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Effect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoki.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250071/55.KAP-SMAOKING-libre.pdf?1448156167=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEffect_of_Religious_Beliefs_on_the_Smoki.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=YBymgGFpa7GQeRbIwOFwnKa6CsJsipDCsTS57oL0Ceem~9XpWnivtrqf-idPY6CaO5gM8ViNNh2AxE5uvYBZUhRTzksUgXWIqBUh2OiX8Jc4FyrWZ3x87h-0j8nBC0XPUsijWaUHugTOWS9vR1GkZ1nwQyOiBTk8skcIbE14q8nJastLKqsNWnc-KkDSjYN1AYxVERQlkMNzA1JtTQ~iL1IEl61hy3UOioBLJpiEXfYSi5HyFhuNXY3hTMDEYRr8RWmxHV8F7PfzrvPgRDsnFnbvnn7v71Rl2tDIrEZfI1DWckx-0xLv~p5xmHSfNT2IgQ01jObMxfJg9rqteOCIAQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778538"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778538/Crimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakistan_Are_we_going_in_the_right_direction"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan: Are we going in the right direction?" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250053/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778538/Crimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakistan_Are_we_going_in_the_right_direction">Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan: Are we going in the right direction?</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral disease prevalent in Asia, Africa, Middle East,...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral<br />disease prevalent in Asia, Africa, Middle East, and<br />the South‑Eastern Europe.[1] The CCHF virus has a<br />fatality rate of 10–50%.[2] In Asia, Pakistan, Iran, and<br />Afghanistan are endemic to CCHF. The active areas<br />are those in the border between the three countries.<br />The movements of the nomads across the borders<br />with their animals including those infested with<br />Hyalomma ticks are responsible for transmitting the<br />virus to both the animals and the humans.[2] The<br />peak of disease occurrence is long term from March<br />to October (spring to fall) as ticks are active in this<br />period although the cases are reported throughout<br />the year. Insanitary state of breeding places and<br />slaughter houses, and the lack of awareness of tick<br />borne diseases among the butchers and the public are<br />the major</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2ec321b7429746429f9fa2e253cbd7e8" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250053,"asset_id":18778538,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250053/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778538"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778538"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778538; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778538]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778538]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778538; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778538']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "2ec321b7429746429f9fa2e253cbd7e8" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778538]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778538,"title":"Crimean‑Congo hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan: Are we going in the right direction?","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778538/Crimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakistan_Are_we_going_in_the_right_direction","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40250053,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250053/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"56._Congo-JRPP.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250053/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Crimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakis.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40250053/56._Congo-JRPP-libre.pdf?1448155959=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCrimean_Congo_hemorrhagic_fever_in_Pakis.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=g5x0SIKKKtiaRj5uFBiSs9jYyL9z2gVeFyO0uL1GQGoF7tF4cGQIJjs7zSAKDaJ7QuprDenIOia7VTK0kS6rkMmDUq0rJc6XjCJIbzTfC4syYVun0lgORGAWIOVi3gu9Nb72~BAnhYWCSKI-HjD8a36n96KoxpYEtN3sfPX9SU-Mh~MPAMwZZOoCT5KCZ8klemiOE9GCsuJw9nNWpfeWxc8~YG-mWi350HyXKQhefRrNCA-Gk7UPQbdFJ4XlOzRcYe~Z~4g86DVTHurGIfAWQbQ1q5W-vmrqfyFxJB--s2VJvOVAyPPDFyACMDLA2dvT56PuI8lerVC35rMCFUHopg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778449"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778449/Comparison_of_the_knowledge_attitudes_and_perception_of_barriers_regarding_adverse_drug_reaction_reporting_between_pharmacy_and_medical_students_in_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of the knowledge, attitudes, and perception of barriers regarding adverse drug reaction reporting between pharmacy and medical students in Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40250026/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778449/Comparison_of_the_knowledge_attitudes_and_perception_of_barriers_regarding_adverse_drug_reaction_reporting_between_pharmacy_and_medical_students_in_Pakistan">Comparison of the knowledge, attitudes, and perception of barriers regarding adverse drug reaction reporting between pharmacy and medical students in Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the knowledge and attitudes of pharmacy and medica...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the knowledge and attitudes of pharmacy and medical students regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs), as well as their perceptions of barriers to ADR reporting, in a Higher Education Commission-recognised Pakistani university. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among final-year pharmacy (n=91) and medical (n=108) students in Pakistan from June 1 to July 31, 2014. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. The responses of pharmacy students were compared to those of medical students. Results: Pharmacy students had a significantly better knowledge of ADRs than medical students (mean±SD, 5.61±1.78 vs. 3.23±1.60; P<0.001). Gender showed a significant relationship to knowledge about ADRs, and male participants were apparently more knowledgeable than their female counterparts (P<0.001). The attitudes of pharmacy students regarding their capability to handle and report ADRs were significantly more positive than those of medical students (P<0.05). In comparison to pharmacy students, a lack of knowledge of where and how to report ADRs was the main barrier that medical students perceived to ADR reporting (P=0.001). Conclusion: Final-year pharmacy students exhibited more knowledge about ADRs and showed more positive attitudes regarding their capacity to handle and report ADRs than final-year medical students.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a6c8a576f0d1b30f0a566554951bd498" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40250026,"asset_id":18778449,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40250026/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778449"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778449"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778449; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778449]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778449]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778449; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778449']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778382"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778382/The_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practice_courses_in_Pakistan_the_perspectives_of_senior_pharmacy_students"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The need for redesigned pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan: the perspectives of senior pharmacy students" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40249998/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778382/The_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practice_courses_in_Pakistan_the_perspectives_of_senior_pharmacy_students">The need for redesigned pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan: the perspectives of senior pharmacy students</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Purpose: In Pakistan, courses in pharmacy practice, which are an essential component of the Pharm...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Purpose: In Pakistan, courses in pharmacy practice, which are an essential component of the PharmD curriculum, were launched with the aim of strengthening pharmacy practice overall and enabling pharmacy students to cope with the challenges involved in meeting real-world healthcare needs. Since very little research has assessed the efficacy of such courses, we aimed to evaluate students’ perceptions of pharmacy practice courses and their opinions about whether their current knowledge of the topics covered in pharmacy practice courses is adequate for future practice. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over two months among the senior pharmacy students of two pharmacy colleges. A content- and face-validated questionnaire was used to collect data, which were then analysed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were performed. Results: Research in pharmacy practice (30.2%), applied drug information (34.4%), health policy (38.1%), public health and epidemiology (39.5%), pharmacovigilance (45.6%), and pharmacoeconomics (47.9%) were the major courses that were covered to the least extent in the PharmD curriculum. However, hospital pharmacy practice (94.4%), pharmacotherapeutics (88.8%), and community pharmacy practice (82.8%) were covered well. Although 94% of students considered these courses important, only 37.2% considered themselves to be competent in the corresponding topics. Of the participants, 87.9% agreed that the pharmacy courses in the present curriculum should be redesigned. Conclusion: Our results showed that the pharmacy practice courses in the current PharmD curriculum do not encompass some important core subjects. A nationwide study is warranted to further establish the necessity for remodelling pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="40341ff7c536ac16c3e8ed0b3f04d27c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40249998,"asset_id":18778382,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40249998/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778382"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778382"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778382; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778382]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18778382]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778382; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='18778382']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "40341ff7c536ac16c3e8ed0b3f04d27c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778382]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778382,"title":"The need for redesigned pharmacy practice courses in Pakistan: the perspectives of senior pharmacy students","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778382/The_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practice_courses_in_Pakistan_the_perspectives_of_senior_pharmacy_students","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40249998,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40249998/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"58._PP_Pakistan.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40249998/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practic.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40249998/58._PP_Pakistan-libre.pdf?1448155700=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_need_for_redesigned_pharmacy_practic.pdf\u0026Expires=1739847522\u0026Signature=gdrryJTQ-3KotndF9Jk1-RoaIgR4yaJ9gaRZLVX~FlYXFb0LXfZT6eigiPbOaKYnluPymkSewrbSsk6sw1IrtvqfJZX4IVhIC9~5UMpwHh02rYSeWqUbpyFBRig9nJK06K5fcEt6Nyc0z509E~OfADPJRG~hugJFaZZkFkX1pSZh~TiYxnwBwgyjGMyXH1UZxHsvtBeU3b2XpKfRbqG6FMHZFUSz9ZYMublbUg8KBgE~wflP23I1i5LahC8z8hPcGJrCJHoh2fj5EaEG2uSldREIJcmH-ZC7H7NCQWkhY7JCaYPoXHsImO2nOMJ-y1XwN0IWwBY0OMx89okWXcqCmQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="18778354"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778354/Knowledge_attitudes_and_perceptions_towards_polio_immunization_among_residents_of_two_highly_affected_regions_of_Pakistan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards polio immunization among residents of two highly affected regions of Pakistan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40249943/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/18778354/Knowledge_attitudes_and_perceptions_towards_polio_immunization_among_residents_of_two_highly_affected_regions_of_Pakistan">Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards polio immunization among residents of two highly affected regions of Pakistan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Despite the efforts of national and international organizations, polio has not been e...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Despite the efforts of national and international organizations, polio has not been eradicated from<br />Pakistan. The prevalence of polio in Pakistan is exceptional in global context. Quetta and Peshawar divisions are<br />amongst the most affected regions hit by polio in Pakistan. This study was carried out to assess the knowledge,<br />attitudes and perceptions towards polio immunization among residents of Quetta and Peshawar divisions in<br />Pakistan.<br />Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 768 participants was conducted from August to December,<br />2014 in Quetta and Peshawar divisions in Pakistan. Multistage sampling technique was used to draw a sample of<br />residents from each division. A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data from eligible<br />participants. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were used to express the results.<br />Results: A total of 38.8 % participants exhibited good knowledge about polio. Mean knowledge score of the<br />participants was 7.35 ± 2.54 (based on 15 knowledge questions). Older age (p < 0.001), low qualification (p < 0.05),<br />rural locality (p < 0.05) and Quetta division (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with poor knowledge of polio.<br />A large proportion of participants displayed negative attitudes towards polio immunization (84.8 %), with a mean<br />score of 19.19 ± 2.39 (based on 8 attitude statements). Lack of education (p < 0.001) and rural residence (p < 0.001)<br />were significantly associated with the negative attitudes of participants towards polio immunization. False religious<br />beliefs (39.06 %), lack of knowledge (33.7 %), fear of infertility by polio vaccines (32.16 %) and security issues<br />(29.42 %) were reported by the participants as the main barriers towards polio immunization.<br />Conclusion: The findings of this study showed poor knowledge and negative attitudes of participants towards<br />polio immunizations. Religious beliefs and lack of knowledge about polio immunization were reported as the major<br />barriers towards polio immunization.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a04d0f7da581f6b560a48448c041a44d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":40249943,"asset_id":18778354,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40249943/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="18778354"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18778354"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18778354; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a04d0f7da581f6b560a48448c041a44d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=18778354]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":18778354,"title":"Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions towards polio immunization among residents of two highly affected regions of Pakistan","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18778354/Knowledge_attitudes_and_perceptions_towards_polio_immunization_among_residents_of_two_highly_affected_regions_of_Pakistan","owner_id":7418606,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":7418606,"first_name":"Akram","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ahmad","page_name":"AkramAhmad","domain_name":"sydney","created_at":"2013-12-07T12:36:06.027-08:00","display_name":"Akram Ahmad","url":"https://sydney.academia.edu/AkramAhmad"},"attachments":[{"id":40249943,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/40249943/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"59._BMC_PH-POLIO.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40249943/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Knowledge_attitudes_and_perceptions_towa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/40249943/59._BMC_PH-POLIO-libre.pdf?1448155572=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DKnowledge_attitudes_and_perceptions_towa.pdf\u0026Expires=1739577277\u0026Signature=YjAwq1RRWD-rejvNMIp1WJtDjcnewlMednmat5sKNgq04ESubqN0sMfIXxsYuvHisVg-0IsVNm5C~USpkpbbhRRG4gjMTRJckughiYx6meBZaYqmbCGH0DhmY2vK7ctkfBKiw~U8vZpRgvpftQw7Mm1rAHWMnvp34UitfFG2xT2yPeQvDAHxvycXVbAl1a0gnADeLzfZmq4TbshJtsse2F0iEzYzeVKD6chMPTKHy4uBXAaNUnDqMrzM4tRaGLsQN-nUI-yRR0hm4g36VMALD5ag381cL9L7D-FwOnN85aSYZLK67nsZsJeQAKp66nPCq7ET6BYkUmciZGg6iVzFxg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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