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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">UK Parliamentary by-election</div> <p> The <b>1958 <a href="/wiki/St_Helens_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="St Helens (UK Parliament constituency)">St Helens</a> <a href="/wiki/By-election" title="By-election">by-election</a></b> to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom was held on 12 June 1958. It was held due to the vacation of the seat by the incumbent <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> Member of Parliament, Sir <a href="/wiki/Hartley_Shawcross" title="Hartley Shawcross">Hartley Shawcross</a>. It was retained by the Labour candidate <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Spriggs" title="Leslie Spriggs">Leslie Spriggs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_St_Helens_by-election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>St Helens had been represented in Parliament by Sir Hartley Shawcross since the <a href="/wiki/1945_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1945 United Kingdom general election">1945 general election</a>. However he had become increasingly disillusioned with the Labour Party to the point where he was called by the journalist <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Levin" title="Bernard Levin">Bernard Levin</a> "Sir Shortly Floorcross". Hartley stated he wished to vacate his seat citing disillusionment with party politics.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shawcross asked to be appointed as the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Steward_and_Bailiff_of_the_Manor_of_Northstead" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown Steward and Bailiff of the Manor of Northstead">Crown Steward and Bailiff of the Manor of Northstead</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Office_of_profit" title="Office of profit">office of profit</a> under the Crown which disqualifies people from being MPs as resignation is not allowed.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shawcross was later elevated to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Crossbencher" title="Crossbencher">Crossbench</a> <a href="/wiki/Life_peer" title="Life peer">life peer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election">Election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_St_Helens_by-election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Carlisle was contesting his first election for the Conservative Party.<sup id="cite_ref-car_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-car-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spriggs was contesting his second election after unsuccessfully standing for <a href="/wiki/North_Fylde_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Fylde (UK Parliament constituency)">North Fylde</a> three years earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-reporter1990_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reporter1990-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was selected as the Labour Party candidate following <a href="/wiki/Tom_Driberg" title="Tom Driberg">Tom Driberg</a> bringing media attention to the selections by alleging religious discrimination in the shortlist of candidates and Spriggs was seen as the "safe" option.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As St Helens is considered a safe Labour seat,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Spriggs won the election and would represent St Helens until 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carlisle would later get elected as the MP for <a href="/wiki/Runcorn_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Runcorn (UK Parliament constituency)">Runcorn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-car_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-car-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>St Helens by-election, 1958<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E4003B; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Spriggs" title="Leslie Spriggs">Leslie Spriggs</a> </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>26,405 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>64.7 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>+0.4 </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #0087DC; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Carlisle" title="Mark Carlisle">Mark Carlisle</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">14,411 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">35.3 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">−0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">Majority </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">11,994 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">29.4 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">+0.8 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em" scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Turnout</a> </th> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">40,816 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:inherit;background-color: #E4003B"> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> <b>hold</b> </td> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1958_St_Helens_by-election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091220043003/http://www.leighrayment.com/commons/Scommons1.htm">"Archived copy"</a>. 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="«_40th_Parliament_«_By-elections_to_the_41st_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom_»_42nd_Parliament_»" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:By-elections_to_the_41st_UK_Parliament" title="Template:By-elections to the 41st UK Parliament"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:By-elections_to_the_41st_UK_Parliament" title="Template talk:By-elections to the 41st UK Parliament"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:By-elections_to_the_41st_UK_Parliament" title="Special:EditPage/Template:By-elections to the 41st UK Parliament"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="«_40th_Parliament_«_By-elections_to_the_41st_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom_»_42nd_Parliament_»" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="font-size:85%;">« <i><a href="/wiki/Template:By-elections_to_the_40th_UK_Parliament" title="Template:By-elections to the 40th UK Parliament">40th Parliament</a></i> «</span> <span style="padding:0 3.5em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1950%E2%80%9379)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1950–79)">By-elections</a> to the <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1955_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1955 United Kingdom general election">41st Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">» <i><a href="/wiki/Template:By-elections_to_the_42nd_UK_Parliament" title="Template:By-elections to the 42nd UK Parliament">42nd Parliament</a></i> »</span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1955</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>August: <a href="/wiki/1955_Mid_Ulster_by-election" title="1955 Mid Ulster by-election">Mid Ulster</a></li> <li>December: <a href="/wiki/1955_Gateshead_West_by-election" title="1955 Gateshead West by-election">Gateshead West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Greenock_by-election" title="1955 Greenock by-election">Greenock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Torquay_by-election" title="1955 Torquay by-election">Torquay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1956</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>February: <a href="/wiki/1956_Blaydon_by-election" title="1956 Blaydon by-election">Blaydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Leeds_North_East_by-election" title="1956 Leeds North East by-election">Leeds North East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Hereford_by-election" title="1956 Hereford by-election">Hereford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Gainsborough_by-election" title="1956 Gainsborough by-election">Gainsborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Taunton_by-election" title="1956 Taunton by-election">Taunton</a></li> <li>March: <a href="/wiki/1956_Walthamstow_West_by-election" title="1956 Walthamstow West by-election">Walthamstow West</a></li> <li>May: <a href="/wiki/1956_Mid_Ulster_by-election" title="1956 Mid Ulster by-election">Mid Ulster</a></li> <li>June: <a href="/wiki/1956_Tonbridge_by-election" title="1956 Tonbridge by-election">Tonbridge</a></li> <li>July: <a href="/wiki/1956_Newport_by-election" title="1956 Newport by-election">Newport</a></li> <li>September: <a href="/wiki/1956_Chester-le-Street_by-election" title="1956 Chester-le-Street by-election">Chester-le-Street</a></li> <li>November: <a href="/wiki/1956_City_of_Chester_by-election" title="1956 City of Chester by-election">City of Chester</a></li> <li>December: <a href="/wiki/1956_Melton_by-election" title="1956 Melton by-election">Melton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1957</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>February: <a href="/wiki/1957_Lewisham_North_by-election" title="1957 Lewisham North by-election">Lewisham North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Wednesbury_by-election" title="1957 Wednesbury by-election">Wednesbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Carmarthen_by-election" title="1957 Carmarthen by-election">Carmarthen</a></li> <li>March: <a href="/wiki/1957_Bristol_West_by-election" title="1957 Bristol West by-election">Bristol West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Warwick_and_Leamington_by-election" title="1957 Warwick and Leamington by-election">Warwick and Leamington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Beckenham_by-election" title="1957 Beckenham by-election">Beckenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Newcastle-upon-Tyne_North_by-election" title="1957 Newcastle-upon-Tyne North by-election">Newcastle-upon-Tyne North</a></li> <li>May: <a href="/wiki/1957_Edinburgh_South_by-election" title="1957 Edinburgh South by-election">Edinburgh South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_East_Ham_North_by-election" title="1957 East Ham North by-election">East Ham North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Hornsey_by-election" title="1957 Hornsey by-election">Hornsey</a></li> <li>June: <a href="/wiki/1957_North_Dorset_by-election" title="1957 North Dorset by-election">North Dorset</a></li> <li>September: <a href="/wiki/1957_Gloucester_by-election" title="1957 Gloucester by-election">Gloucester</a></li> <li>October: <a href="/wiki/1957_Ipswich_by-election" title="1957 Ipswich by-election">Ipswich</a></li> <li>November: <a href="/wiki/1957_Leicester_South_East_by-election" title="1957 Leicester South East by-election">Leicester South East</a></li> <li>December: <a href="/wiki/1957_Liverpool_Garston_by-election" title="1957 Liverpool Garston by-election">Liverpool Garston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1958</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>February: <a href="/wiki/1958_Rochdale_by-election" title="1958 Rochdale by-election">Rochdale</a></li> <li>March: <a href="/wiki/1958_Glasgow_Kelvingrove_by-election" title="1958 Glasgow Kelvingrove by-election">Glasgow Kelvingrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Torrington_by-election" title="1958 Torrington by-election">Torrington</a></li> <li>May: <a href="/wiki/1958_Islington_North_by-election" title="1958 Islington North by-election">Islington North</a></li> <li>June: <a href="/wiki/1958_Argyll_by-election" title="1958 Argyll by-election">Argyll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Ealing_South_by-election" title="1958 Ealing South by-election">Ealing South</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">St Helens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Weston-super-Mare_by-election" title="1958 Weston-super-Mare by-election">Weston-super-Mare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Wigan_by-election" title="1958 Wigan by-election">Wigan</a></li> <li>November: <a href="/wiki/1958_Morecambe_and_Lonsdale_by-election" title="1958 Morecambe and Lonsdale by-election">Morecambe and Lonsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Chichester_by-election" title="1958 Chichester by-election">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Pontypool_by-election" title="1958 Pontypool by-election">Pontypool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_East_Aberdeenshire_by-election" title="1958 East Aberdeenshire by-election">East Aberdeenshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Shoreditch_and_Finsbury_by-election" title="1958 Shoreditch and Finsbury by-election">Shoreditch and Finsbury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1959</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>January: <a href="/wiki/1959_Southend_West_by-election" title="1959 Southend West by-election">Southend West</a></li> <li>March: <a href="/wiki/1959_Belfast_East_by-election" title="1959 Belfast East by-election">Belfast East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Harrow_East_by-election" title="1959 Harrow East by-election">Harrow East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_South_West_Norfolk_by-election" title="1959 South West Norfolk by-election">South West Norfolk</a></li> <li>April: <a href="/wiki/1959_Galloway_by-election" title="1959 Galloway by-election">Galloway</a></li> <li>June: <a href="/wiki/1959_Penistone_by-election" title="1959 Penistone by-election">Penistone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Whitehaven_by-election" title="1959 Whitehaven by-election">Whitehaven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Lists of UK by-elections</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1801%E2%80%931806)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1801–1806)">1801–1806</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1806%E2%80%931818)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1806–1818)">1806–1818</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1818%E2%80%931832)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1818–1832)">1818–1832</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1832%E2%80%931847)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1832–1847)">1832–1847</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1847%E2%80%931857)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1847–1857)">1847–1857</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1857%E2%80%931868)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1857–1868)">1857–1868</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1868%E2%80%931885)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1868–1885)">1868–1885</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1885%E2%80%931900)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1885–1900)">1885–1900</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1900%E2%80%931918)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1900–1918)">1900–1918</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1918%E2%80%931931)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1918–1931)">1918–1931</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1931%E2%80%931950)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1931–1950)">1931–1950</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1950%E2%80%931979)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1950–1979)">1950–1979</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(1979%E2%80%932010)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (1979–2010)">1979–2010</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_by-elections_(2010%E2%80%93present)" title="List of United Kingdom by-elections (2010–present)">2010–present</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Northern_Ireland#Westminster_by-elections" title="Elections in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/By-elections_to_the_House_of_Lords" title="By-elections to the House of Lords">Hereditary peers</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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