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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Rivers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Lakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mountains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mountains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Mountains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mountains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natural_resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Natural resources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Islamic_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islamic_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Islamic influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islamic_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seljuk_Turks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seljuk_Turks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Seljuk Turks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seljuk_Turks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mongol_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mongol_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Mongol rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mongol_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timurids" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timurids"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Timurids</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timurids-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternating_Persian_and_Russian_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternating_Persian_and_Russian_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Alternating Persian and Russian rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternating_Persian_and_Russian_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_rule_consolidated" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_rule_consolidated"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Russian rule consolidated</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_rule_consolidated-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uprisings_against_imperial_Russia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uprisings_against_imperial_Russia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Uprisings against imperial Russia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uprisings_against_imperial_Russia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soviet_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soviet_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Soviet era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soviet_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-Soviet_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-Soviet_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Post-Soviet era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-Soviet_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Life_expectancy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life_expectancy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Life expectancy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Life_expectancy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Settlements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Settlements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Settlements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Settlements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vital_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vital_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Vital statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vital_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ethnic_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnic_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Ethnic groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnic_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7.1</span> <span>Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judaism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judaism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7.2</span> <span>Judaism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judaism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Christianity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christianity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7.3</span> <span>Christianity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christianity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genetics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genetics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.8</span> <span>Genetics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genetics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Martial_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Martial_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Martial arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Martial_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_and_cited_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_and_cited_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>General and cited references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_and_cited_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 140 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-140" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">140 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Dagestan" title="Republik Dagestan – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Republik Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Дагъыстэн – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Дагъыстэн" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B3%E1%8C%88%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95" title="ዳገስታን – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዳገስታን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="داغستان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="داغستان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daguest%C3%A1n" title="Daguestán – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Daguestán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагъистан – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Дагъистан" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%C4%9F%C4%B1stan" title="Dağıstan – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dağıstan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="داغیستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="داغیستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="দাগেস্তান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দাগেস্তান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дағстан – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Дағстан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daguestan" title="Daguestan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Daguestan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Дагестан Республики – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Дагестан Республики" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagest%C3%A1n" title="Dagestán – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dagestán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikken_Dagestan" title="Republikken Dagestan – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Republikken Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Νταγκεστάν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νταγκεστάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daghestan" title="Daghestan – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Daghestan" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Дагестан Республикась – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Дагестан Республикась" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daguest%C3%A1n" title="Daguestán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Daguestán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestano" title="Dagestano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dagestano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="داغستان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="داغستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daghestan" title="Daghestan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Daghestan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Dagast%C3%A1in" title="An Dagastáin – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Dagastáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag%C4%B1stan" title="Dagıstan – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Dagıstan" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daguest%C3%A1n" title="Daguestán – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Daguestán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%8C%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5" title="ДаьгӀасте – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ДаьгӀасте" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD" title="𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan_Khiung-f%C3%B2-koet" title="Dagestan Khiung-fò-koet – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Dagestan Khiung-fò-koet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EA%B2%8C%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="다게스탄 공화국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="다게스탄 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Դաղստանի Հանրապետություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դաղստանի Հանրապետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="दाग़िस्तान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दाग़िस्तान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republiko_Dagestan" title="Republiko Dagestan – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Republiko Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan_(Russia)" title="Dagestan (Russia) – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Dagestan (Russia)" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagistan" title="Tagistan – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Tagistan" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагъистан – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Дагъистан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daghestan" title="Daghestan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Daghestan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%92%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F" title="דגסטן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דגסטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагъыстан – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Дагъыстан" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="დაღესტანი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დაღესტანი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дағыстан – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дағыстан" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daxistan" title="Daxistan – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Daxistan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагстан – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Дагстан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагъусттан – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Дагъусттан" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daghestania" title="Daghestania – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Daghestania" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagest%C4%81na" title="Dagestāna – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dagestāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагъустан – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Дагъустан" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestanas" title="Dagestanas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dagestanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daghestan" title="Daghestan – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Daghestan" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_de_Dagestan" title="Republica de Dagestan – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Republica de Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daghestan" title="Daghestan – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Daghestan" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dageszt%C3%A1n" title="Dagesztán – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dagesztán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagest%C3%A0na" title="Dagestàna – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Dagestàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="ദാഗസ്താൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദാഗസ്താൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="दागिस्तान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दागिस्तान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="დაღესტანი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დაღესტანი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="داجستان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="داجستان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="داغستون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="داغستون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%80%E3%82%B2%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="ダゲスタン共和国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ダゲスタン共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="ДегӀаста – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ДегӀаста" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestaan" title="Dagestaan – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Dagestaan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daguestan" title="Daguestan – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Daguestan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog%CA%BBiston" title="Dogʻiston – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dogʻiston" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਦਾਗਿਸਤਾਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦਾਗਿਸਤਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="داغستان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="داغستان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="داغستان جمهوريت – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="داغستان جمهوريت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daguest%C3%A3o" title="Daguestão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Daguestão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%C7%B5%C4%B1stan" title="Daǵıstan – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Daǵıstan" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%C4%9F%C4%B1stan" title="Dağıstan – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Dağıstan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daghestan" title="Daghestan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Daghestan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakhisuyu" title="Lakhisuyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Lakhisuyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестаан – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дагестаан" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestani" title="Dagestani – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dagestani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daghestan" title="Daghestan – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Daghestan" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="داغستان – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="داغستان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagest%C5%8Dn" title="Dagestōn – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Dagestōn" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="داغستان – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="داغستان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dag%C3%A9stan" title="Dagéstan – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Dagéstan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="தாகெஸ்தான் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தாகெஸ்தான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагстан – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Дагстан" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="สาธารณรัฐดาเกสตาน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐดาเกสตาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D2%93%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Доғистон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Доғистон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%C4%9F%C4%B1stan" title="Dağıstan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dağıstan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagystan" title="Dagystan – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Dagystan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Дагестан – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дагестан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="داغستان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="داغستان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="داغىستان – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="داغىستان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestanan_Tazovaldkund" title="Dagestanan Tazovaldkund – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Dagestanan Tazovaldkund" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dagestan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="达吉斯坦共和国 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="达吉斯坦共和国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%94%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="達吉斯坦 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="達吉斯坦" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da%C4%9F%C4%B1stan" title="Dağıstan – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Dağıstan" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="达吉斯坦共和国 – Chinese" lang="zh" 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.geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Dagestan&params=42_59_2_N_47_30_18_E_type:adm1st_region:RU-DA"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°59′2″N</span> <span class="longitude">47°30′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.98389°N 47.50500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.98389; 47.50500</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Republic of Russia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Dagestan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dagestan (disambiguation)">Dagestan (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Dağıstan" redirects here. For the neighbourhood in Ceyhan, Turkey, see <a href="/wiki/Da%C4%9F%C4%B1stan,_Ceyhan" title="Dağıstan, Ceyhan">Dağıstan, Ceyhan</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Republic in North Caucasian, Russia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Republic of Dagestan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republic</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Республика Дагестан<br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:normal;font-size:86%;"><div style="margin: 0 4em">13 other official names</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox" style="font-size:77%;font-weight:normal;"><tbody><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Avar_language" title="Avar language">Avar</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Avar-language text"><span lang="av">Дагъистан Жумгьурият</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dargin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dargin language">Dargin</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Dargwa-language text"><span lang="dar">Дагъистан Республика</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Kumyk_language" title="Kumyk language">Kumyk</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Kumyk-language text"><span lang="kum">Дагъыстан Жумгьурият</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Lezgian-language text"><span lang="lez">Дагъустандин Республика</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Lak_language" title="Lak language">Lak</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Lak-language text"><span lang="lbe">Дагъусттаннал Республика</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_language" title="Tabasaran language">Tabasaran</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Tabassaran-language text"><span lang="tab">Дагъустан Республика</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Rutul_language" title="Rutul language">Rutul</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Tsonga-language text"><span lang="ts">Республика Дагъустан</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Aghul_language" title="Aghul language">Aghul</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Aghul-language text"><span lang="agx">Республика Дагъустан</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Tsakhur_language" title="Tsakhur language">Tsakhur</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Tsakhur-language text"><span lang="tkr">Республика Дагъустан</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Nogai_language" title="Nogai language">Nogai</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Nogai-language text"><span lang="nog">Дагыстан Республикасы</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Chechen_language" title="Chechen language">Chechen</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chechen-language text"><span lang="ce">Дегӏестан Республика</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_language" title="Azerbaijani language">Azerbaijani</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Azerbaijani-language text"><span lang="az-Cyrl">Дағыстан Республикасы</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Tat_language_(Caucasus)" title="Tat language (Caucasus)">Tat</a>:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Muslim Tat-language text"><span lang="ttt">Республикей Догъисту</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Dagestan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Republic of Dagestan"><img alt="Flag of Republic of Dagestan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/115px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="115" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/173px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/230px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Dagestan" title="Flag of Dagestan">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Republic of Dagestan"><img alt="Coat of arms of Republic of Dagestan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg/70px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg/105px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg/140px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="624" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Dagestan" title="Coat of arms of Dagestan">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: "<a href="/wiki/State_Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan" class="mw-redirect" title="State Anthem of the Republic of Dagestan">State Anthem of the Republic of Dagestan</a>"<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="66" data-mwtitle="State_Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c3/State_Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan.ogg/State_Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/State_Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Locator_map_of_Dagestan,_Russia_(2014%E2%80%932022).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Dagestan (red) within European Russia"><img alt="Location of Dagestan (red) within European Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Locator_map_of_Dagestan%2C_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg/300px-Locator_map_of_Dagestan%2C_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="396" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Locator_map_of_Dagestan%2C_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg/450px-Locator_map_of_Dagestan%2C_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Locator_map_of_Dagestan%2C_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg/600px-Locator_map_of_Dagestan%2C_Russia_%282014%E2%80%932022%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1558" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Dagestan (red)<br />within <a href="/wiki/European_Russia" title="European Russia">European Russia</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Dagestan&params=42_59_2_N_47_30_18_E_type:adm1st_region:RU-DA"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°59′2″N</span> <span class="longitude">47°30′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.98389°N 47.50500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">42.98389; 47.50500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_districts_of_Russia" title="Federal districts of Russia">Federal district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasian_Federal_District" title="North Caucasian Federal District">North Caucasian</a><sup id="cite_ref-FederalDistrict_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FederalDistrict-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Economic_regions_of_Russia" title="Economic regions of Russia">Economic region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="North Caucasus economic region">North Caucasus</a><sup id="cite_ref-EconomicRegion_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EconomicRegion-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Assembly_of_Dagestan" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Assembly of Dagestan">People's Assembly</a><sup id="cite_ref-HeadLegis_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeadLegis-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Head_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan" title="Head of the Republic of Dagestan">Head</a><sup id="cite_ref-HeadLegis_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HeadLegis-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Melikov" title="Sergey Melikov">Sergey Melikov</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-area_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-area-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">50,270 km<sup>2</sup> (19,410 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia#List" title="Federal subjects of Russia">52nd</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2021_Russian_census" title="2021 Russian census">2021 census</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2021census_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3,182,054 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="white-space:nowrap;">30.5% <a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)">Avars</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">16.6% <a href="/wiki/Dargins" title="Dargins">Dargins</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">15.8% <a href="/wiki/Kumyks" title="Kumyks">Kumyks</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">13.3% <a href="/wiki/Lezgins" title="Lezgins">Lezgins</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">5.2% <a href="/wiki/Laks_(Caucasus)" title="Laks (Caucasus)">Laks</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">4% <a href="/wiki/Tabasarans" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabasarans">Tabasarans</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">3.7% <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis" title="Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">3.3% <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">3.2% <a href="/wiki/Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">1% <a href="/wiki/Rutul_people" title="Rutul people">Rutulians</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">3.3% other</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Estimate <div class="ib-settlement-fn">(2018)<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v18_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v18-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,063,885</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_population" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by population">10th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">45.2%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">Rural</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">54.8%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Russia" title="Time in Russia">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moscow_Time" title="Moscow Time">MSK</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5118?uselang=en#P421" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-vremeni_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vremeni-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">RU-DA</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Russia" title="Vehicle registration plates of Russia">License plates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">05</td></tr><tr class="05"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OKTMO" title="OKTMO">OKTMO</a> ID</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">82000000</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-Russian_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russian-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aghul_language" title="Aghul language">Aghul</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Avar_language" title="Avar language">Avar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_language" title="Azerbaijani language">Azerbaijani</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_language" title="Chechen language">Chechen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dargwa_language" title="Dargwa language">Dargwa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kumyk_language" title="Kumyk language">Kumyk</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lak_language" title="Lak language">Lak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Nogai_language" title="Nogai language">Nogai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Rutul_language" title="Rutul language">Rutul</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_language" title="Tabasaran language">Tabasaran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tat_language_(Caucasus)" title="Tat language (Caucasus)">Tat</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tsakhur_language" title="Tsakhur language">Tsakhur</a></li></ul></div><sup id="cite_ref-ConstitutionLangs_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConstitutionLangs-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Languages_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Languages-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.e-dag.ru/">http://www.e-dag.ru/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD.jpg/220px-%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD.jpg/330px-%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD.jpg/440px-%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5740" data-file-height="3827" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sulak_Canyon" title="Sulak Canyon">Sulak Canyon</a> is one of the world's deepest canyons</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B1,_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B1%2C_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg/220px-%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B1%2C_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B1%2C_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg/330px-%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B1%2C_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B1%2C_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg/440px-%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B1%2C_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5193" data-file-height="3432" /></a><figcaption>Kakhib, one of many abandoned <a href="/wiki/Aul" title="Aul">auls</a> in Dagestan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grar_village_-_Dagestan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Grar_village_-_Dagestan.jpg/220px-Grar_village_-_Dagestan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Grar_village_-_Dagestan.jpg/330px-Grar_village_-_Dagestan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Grar_village_-_Dagestan.jpg/440px-Grar_village_-_Dagestan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Abandoned <a href="/wiki/Lezgins" title="Lezgins">Lezgin</a> village of Grar</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA.jpg/220px-%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA.jpg/330px-%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA.jpg/440px-%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rutul_people" title="Rutul people">Rutulian</a> village <a href="/wiki/Luchek" title="Luchek">Luchek</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Dagestan</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">DAG</span>-i-<span style="font-size:90%">STA(H)N</span></i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Дагестан</span>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[dəɡʲɪˈstan]</a></span>), officially the <b>Republic of Dagestan</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">republic</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> situated in the <a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a>, along the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a>. It is located north of the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Caucasus" title="Greater Caucasus">Greater Caucasus</a>, and is a part of the <a href="/wiki/North_Caucasian_Federal_District" title="North Caucasian Federal District">North Caucasian Federal District</a>. The republic is the southernmost tip of Russia, sharing land borders with the countries of <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> to the south and southwest, the Russian republics of <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a> to the west and north, and with <a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol Krai</a> to the northwest. <a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a> is the republic's <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a> and <a href="/wiki/Types_of_inhabited_localities_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Types of inhabited localities in Russia">largest city</a>; other major cities are <a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kizlyar" title="Kizlyar">Kizlyar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Izberbash" title="Izberbash">Izberbash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaspiysk" title="Kaspiysk">Kaspiysk</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Buynaksk" title="Buynaksk">Buynaksk</a>. </p><p>Dagestan covers an area of 50,300 square kilometres (19,400 square miles), with a population of over 3.1 million,<sup id="cite_ref-est20_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-est20-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> consisting of over 30 ethnic groups and 81 nationalities.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With 14 official languages, and 12 ethnic groups each constituting more than 1% of its total population, the republic is one of Russia's most linguistically and ethnically diverse, and one of the most <a href="/wiki/Homogeneity_and_heterogeneity" title="Homogeneity and heterogeneity">heterogeneous</a> administrative divisions in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the residents speak one of the <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Northeast Caucasian</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages">Turkic</a> languages;<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> is the primary language and the <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a> in the republic.<sup id="cite_ref-dictionary_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dictionary-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toponymy">Toponymy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Toponymy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Terminology"></span> The word <i>Dagestan</i> is of <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> origin, directly translating to "Land of the Mountains". The Turkish word <i lang="tr"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/da%C4%9F#Turkish" class="extiw" title="wikt:dağ">dağ</a></i> means "mountain", and the Persian suffix <i><a href="/wiki/-stan" title="-stan">-stan</a></i> means "land". </p><p>Some areas of Dagestan were known as <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lekia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lekia (page does not exist)">Lekia</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)">Avaria</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Shamkhalate_of_Tarki" title="Shamkhalate of Tarki">Tarki</a></i> at various times.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1860 and 1920, <i>Dagestan</i> was referred to as <a href="/wiki/Dagestan_Oblast" title="Dagestan Oblast">Dagestan Oblast</a>, corresponding to the southeastern part of the present-day republic. The current borders were created with the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Dagestan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> in 1921, with the incorporation of the eastern part of <a href="/wiki/Terek_Oblast" title="Terek Oblast">Terek Oblast</a>, which is not mountainous but includes the <a href="/wiki/Terek_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Terek River">Terek</a> <a href="/wiki/Littoral" class="mw-redirect" title="Littoral">littoral</a> at the southern end of the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Depression" title="Caspian Depression">Caspian Depression</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Names_in_its_official_languages">Names in its official languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Names in its official languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> – Республика Дагестан (Respublika Dagestan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avar_language" title="Avar language">Avar</a> – Дагъистан Республика (Daġistan Respublika)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dargin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Dargin language">Dargin</a> – Дагъистан Республика (Daġistan Respublika)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumyk_language" title="Kumyk language">Kumyk</a> – Дагъыстан Жумгьурият (Республика) (Dağıstan Cumhuriyat / Respublika)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lezgian_language" title="Lezgian language">Lezgian</a> – Республика Дагъустан (Respublika Daġustan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lak_language" title="Lak language">Lak</a> – Дагъусттаннал Республика (Daġusttannal Respublika)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_language" title="Tabasaran language">Tabasaran</a> – Дагъустан Республика (Daġustan Respublika)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutul_language" title="Rutul language">Rutul</a> – Республика Дагъустан (Respublika Daġustan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aghul_language" title="Aghul language">Aghul</a> – Республика Дагъустан (Respublika Daġustan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsakhur_language" title="Tsakhur language">Tsakhur</a> – Республика Дагъустан (Respublika Daġustan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nogai_language" title="Nogai language">Nogai</a> – Дагыстан Республикасы (Dağıstan Respublikası)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_language" title="Chechen language">Chechen</a> – Дегӏестан Республика (Deġestan Respublika)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_language" title="Azerbaijani language">Azerbaijani</a> – Дағыстан Республикасы (Dağıstan Respublikası)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tat_language_(Caucasus)" title="Tat language (Caucasus)">Tat</a> – Республикей Догъисту (Respublikei Doġistu)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="locmap noviewer noresize thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:252px"><div style="position:relative;width:250px;border:1px solid lightgray"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SouthernRussia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dagestan is located in Southern Federal District"><img alt="Dagestan is located in Southern Federal District" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/SouthernRussia.svg/250px-SouthernRussia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="290" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/SouthernRussia.svg/375px-SouthernRussia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/SouthernRussia.svg/500px-SouthernRussia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="695" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:74.1%;left:41.679%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="KC"><img alt="KC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Karachay-Cherkessia" title="Karachay-Cherkessia">KC</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:76.253%;left:54.268%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="KB"><img alt="KB" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">KB</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:78.209%;left:62.816%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Oss"><img alt="Oss" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia-Alania" class="mw-redirect" title="North Ossetia-Alania">Oss</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:81.144%;left:66.469%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="In"><img alt="In" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">In</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:76.253%;left:72.297%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Ch"><img alt="Ch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Ch</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.241%;left:19.842%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Krasnodar Krai"><img alt="Krasnodar Krai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar_Krai" title="Krasnodar Krai">Krasnodar Krai</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:65.491%;left:33.286%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Adygea"><img alt="Adygea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Adygea" title="Adygea">Adygea</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.578%;left:43.233%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Stavropol Krai"><img alt="Stavropol Krai" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol Krai</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.968%;left:35.617%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rostov Oblast"><img alt="Rostov Oblast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Rostov_Oblast" title="Rostov Oblast">Rostov Oblast</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:24.401%;left:62.972%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Volgograd Oblast"><img alt="Volgograd Oblast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Volgograd_Oblast" title="Volgograd Oblast">Volgograd Oblast</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:37.315%;left:76.027%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Astrakhan Oblast"><img alt="Astrakhan Oblast" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Oblast" title="Astrakhan Oblast">Astrakhan Oblast</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:48.859%;left:58.931%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kalmykia"><img alt="Kalmykia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:75.764%;left:76.027%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Dage- stan"><img alt="Dage- stan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/8px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/12px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Location_dot_clear.svg/16px-Location_dot_clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Dage-<br />stan</div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:SouthernRussia.svg" title="File:SouthernRussia.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Federal subjects</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a>-<a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian</a> area. <ul><li>the <a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus_Federal_District" class="mw-redirect" title="North Caucasus Federal District">North Caucasus Federal District</a>'s republics: <a href="/wiki/Karachay-Cherkessia" title="Karachay-Cherkessia">Karachay-Cherkessia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">Kabardino-Balkaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia-Alania" class="mw-redirect" title="North Ossetia-Alania">North Ossetia-Alania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">Ingushetia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a> and Dagestan</li> <li>to the north and west: the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Federal_District" title="Southern Federal District">Southern Federal District</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <p>The republic is situated in the North Caucasus mountains. It is the southernmost part of Russia and is bordered on its eastern side by the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a>. </p> <ul><li><i>Area</i>: 50,300 square kilometers (19,400 sq mi)</li> <li><i>Borders</i>: <ul><li><i>internal</i>: <a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a> (N), <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a> (W), and <a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol Krai</a> (NW)</li> <li><i>international</i>: <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Balakan_District" title="Balakan District">Balakan District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khachmaz_District" title="Khachmaz District">Khachmaz District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oghuz_District" title="Oghuz District">Oghuz District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qabala_District" title="Qabala District">Qabala District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qakh_District" title="Qakh District">Qakh District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qusar_District" title="Qusar District">Qusar District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaki_District" title="Shaki District">Shaki District</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zaqatala_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaqatala District">Zaqatala District</a>) (S), <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kakheti" title="Kakheti">Kakheti</a>) (SW)</li> <li><i>water</i>: <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a> (E)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Highest point</i>: <a href="/wiki/Mount_Bazard%C3%BCz%C3%BC" title="Mount Bazardüzü">Mount Bazardüzü</a>/Bazardyuzyu: 4,446 metres (14,587 ft)</li> <li><i>Maximum north–south distance</i>: 400 kilometers (250 mi)</li> <li><i>Maximum east–west distance</i>: 200 kilometers (120 mi)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivers">Rivers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Rivers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are over 1,800 rivers in the republic. Major rivers include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sulak_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulak River">Sulak River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samur_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Samur River">Samur River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terek_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Terek River">Terek River</a></li> <li>Avar Koisu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andi_Koisu" class="mw-redirect" title="Andi Koisu">Andi Koisu</a></li> <li>Kazi-Kumukh Koisu</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lakes">Lakes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dagestan has about 405 kilometers (252 mi) of <a href="/wiki/Coast" title="Coast">coastline</a> on the world's largest lake, the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mountains">Mountains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mountains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of Dagestan is mountainous, with the Greater <a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Mountains" title="Caucasus Mountains">Caucasus Mountains</a> covering the south of the republic. The highest point is the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Bazard%C3%BCz%C3%BC" title="Mount Bazardüzü">Bazardüzü/Bazardyuzyu</a> peak at 4,470 meters (14,670 ft), on the border with <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme points of Russia">southernmost point of Russia</a> is located about seven kilometers southwest of the peak. Other important mountains are <a href="/wiki/Diklosmta" title="Diklosmta">Diklosmta</a> (4,285 m (14,058 ft)), <a href="/wiki/Gora_Addala_Shukgelmezr" class="mw-redirect" title="Gora Addala Shukgelmezr">Gora Addala Shukgelmezr</a> (4,152 m (13,622 ft)) and <a href="/wiki/Gora_Dyultydag" class="mw-redirect" title="Gora Dyultydag">Gora Dyultydag</a> (4,127 m (13,540 ft)). The town of <a href="/wiki/Kumukh" title="Kumukh">Kumukh</a> is one of the settlements on the mountains. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_resources">Natural resources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Natural resources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dagestan is rich in <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a>, and many other minerals.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The climate is classified as a <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental climate</a>, with a significant lack of precipitation. It is among the warmest places in Russia. In the mountainous regions, it is <a href="/wiki/Subarctic_climate" title="Subarctic climate">subarctic</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li><i>Average January temperature</i>: +2 °C (36 °F)</li> <li><i>Average July temperature</i>: +26 °C (79 °F)</li> <li><i>Average annual <a href="/wiki/Precipitation_(meteorology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Precipitation (meteorology)">precipitation</a></i>: 250 mm (10 in) (northern plains) to 800 mm (31 in) (in the mountains).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Dagestan" title="Administrative divisions of Dagestan">Administrative divisions of Dagestan</a></div> <p>Dagestan is divided into forty-one administrative <a href="/wiki/Raion" title="Raion">districts</a> (<i>raions</i>) and ten <a href="/wiki/City_of_federal_subject_significance" title="City of federal subject significance">cities/towns</a>. The districts are further subdivided into nineteen <a href="/wiki/Urban-type_settlement_of_district_significance" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban-type settlement of district significance">urban-type settlements</a>, and 363 <a href="/wiki/Selsoviet" title="Selsoviet">rural okrugs and stanitsa okrugs</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Dagestan" title="History of Dagestan">History of Dagestan</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Derbent_gate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Derbent_gate.jpg/220px-Derbent_gate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Derbent_gate.jpg/330px-Derbent_gate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Derbent_gate.jpg/440px-Derbent_gate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="554" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>Inside the Persian fortress of <a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a>, a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the first few centuries AD, <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Albania" title="Caucasian Albania">Caucasian Albania</a> (corresponding to modern Azerbaijan and southern Dagestan) became a vassal and eventually subordinate to the <a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian Empire</a>. With the advent of the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a>, it became a <a href="/wiki/Albania_(satrapy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Albania (satrapy)">satrapy</a> (province) within the vast domains of the empire. In later antiquity, a few wars were fought as the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> unsuccessfully attempted to contest Sasanid rule over the region. Over the centuries, to a relatively large extent, the peoples within the Dagestan territory converted to <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> alongside <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a>. </p><p>In the 5th century, the Sassanids gained the upper hand, and by the 6th century had constructed a strong citadel at <a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a>, known from then on as the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Gates" class="mw-redirect" title="Caspian Gates">Caspian Gates</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/Huns" title="Huns">Huns</a> overran the northern part of Dagestan, followed by the <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Avars" class="mw-redirect" title="Caucasian Avars">Caucasian Avars</a>. During the Sassanian era, southern Dagestan became a bastion of Persian culture and civilization, with its center at Derbent.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A policy of "<a href="/wiki/Persianisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Persianisation">Persianisation</a>" can be traced over many centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islamic_influence">Islamic influence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Islamic influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">Islamic conquests</a>, the Dagestani people (region of <a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a>) were the first people to become Muslims within current Russian territory, after the <a href="/wiki/Arab_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab people">Arab</a> conquest of the region in 643.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 8th century Arabs repeatedly <a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Khazar_wars" title="Arab–Khazar wars">clashed with the Khazars</a>. Although the local population rose against the Arabs of Derbent in 905 and 913, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> was <a href="/wiki/Islamization" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamization">still adopted</a> in urban centers, such as <a href="/wiki/Samandar_(city)" title="Samandar (city)">Samandar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kubachi_language" title="Kubachi language">Kubachi</a> (Zerechgeran), from where it steadily diffused into the highlands. By the 15th century, <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> had died away, leaving a 10th-century <a href="/wiki/Datuna_Church" title="Datuna Church">Church of Datuna</a> as the sole monument to its existence. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seljuk_Turks">Seljuk Turks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Seljuk Turks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mongol_horserider_with_cloud_collar,_House_of_Ahmad_and_Ibrahim,_Kubachi_in_the_Caucasus,_second_half_14th_century_CE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mongol_horserider_with_cloud_collar%2C_House_of_Ahmad_and_Ibrahim%2C_Kubachi_in_the_Caucasus%2C_second_half_14th_century_CE.jpg/220px-Mongol_horserider_with_cloud_collar%2C_House_of_Ahmad_and_Ibrahim%2C_Kubachi_in_the_Caucasus%2C_second_half_14th_century_CE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mongol_horserider_with_cloud_collar%2C_House_of_Ahmad_and_Ibrahim%2C_Kubachi_in_the_Caucasus%2C_second_half_14th_century_CE.jpg/330px-Mongol_horserider_with_cloud_collar%2C_House_of_Ahmad_and_Ibrahim%2C_Kubachi_in_the_Caucasus%2C_second_half_14th_century_CE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Mongol_horserider_with_cloud_collar%2C_House_of_Ahmad_and_Ibrahim%2C_Kubachi_in_the_Caucasus%2C_second_half_14th_century_CE.jpg/440px-Mongol_horserider_with_cloud_collar%2C_House_of_Ahmad_and_Ibrahim%2C_Kubachi_in_the_Caucasus%2C_second_half_14th_century_CE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3489" data-file-height="2485" /></a><figcaption>Mongol horserider with "<a href="/wiki/Cloud_collar" class="mw-redirect" title="Cloud collar">cloud collar</a>", House of Ahmad and Ibrahim, <a href="/wiki/Kubachi_(urban-type_settlement)" title="Kubachi (urban-type settlement)">Kubachi</a> in the Caucasus, second half 14th century CE</figcaption></figure> <p>In the second half of the 11th century, the <a href="/wiki/Seljuk_Turks" class="mw-redirect" title="Seljuk Turks">Seljuk Turks</a> took part of the region of Dagestan under their control.<sup id="cite_ref-TDV_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TDV-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mongol_rule">Mongol rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Mongol rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Golden_Horde" title="Golden Horde">Golden Horde</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a></div> <p>The Mongols raided the lands in 1221–1222 then conquered Derbent and the surrounding area from 1236 to 1239 during the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Georgia" title="Mongol invasions of Georgia">invasions of Georgia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Durdzuketia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongol invasions of Durdzuketia">Durdzuketia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Timurids">Timurids</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Timurids"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Timurids" class="mw-redirect" title="Timurids">Timurids</a> incorporated the region into their realm following the Mongols.<sup id="cite_ref-TDV_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TDV-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternating_Persian_and_Russian_rule">Alternating Persian and Russian rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Alternating Persian and Russian rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Shamkhalate_of_Tarki" title="Shamkhalate of Tarki">Shamkhalate of Tarki</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coin_of_Nader_Shah,_minted_in_Daghestan_(Dagestan).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coin_of_Nader_Shah%2C_minted_in_Daghestan_%28Dagestan%29.jpg/220px-Coin_of_Nader_Shah%2C_minted_in_Daghestan_%28Dagestan%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coin_of_Nader_Shah%2C_minted_in_Daghestan_%28Dagestan%29.jpg/330px-Coin_of_Nader_Shah%2C_minted_in_Daghestan_%28Dagestan%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coin_of_Nader_Shah%2C_minted_in_Daghestan_%28Dagestan%29.jpg/440px-Coin_of_Nader_Shah%2C_minted_in_Daghestan_%28Dagestan%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5020" data-file-height="2585" /></a><figcaption>Silver coin of <a href="/wiki/Nader_Shah" title="Nader Shah">Nader Shah</a>, minted in Dagestan, dated 1741–42 (left = obverse; right = reverse)</figcaption></figure> <p>As Mongolian authority gradually eroded, new centers of power emerged in Kaitagi and <a href="/wiki/Tarki" title="Tarki">Tarki</a>. In the early 16th century, the Persians (under the <a href="/wiki/Safavids" class="mw-redirect" title="Safavids">Safavids</a>) reconsolidated their rule over the region, which would, intermittently, last till the early 19th century. In the 16th and 17th centuries, legal traditions were codified, and mountainous communities (<i>djamaats</i>) obtained considerable autonomy. In the 1720s, as a result of the disintegration of the Safavids and the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Persian_War_(1722%E2%80%9323)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Persian War (1722–23)">Russo-Persian War (1722–23)</a>, the Russians briefly annexed maritime Dagestan from the Safavids. The Russians could not hold on to the interior of Dagestan, and could only be stopped in front of Baku with the help of <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> forces under the command of Mustafa Pasha. With a treaty signed between Russia and the Ottoman Empire <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Constantinople_(1724)" title="Treaty of Constantinople (1724)">in 1724</a>, aimed at dividing the territories of Safavid Iran between them, Derbend, Baku and some other places in the region were left to Russia. Dagestan briefly came under Ottoman rule between 1578 and 1606.<sup id="cite_ref-TDV_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TDV-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The territories were however returned to <a href="/wiki/Safavid_dynasty" title="Safavid dynasty">Persia</a> in 1735 per the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Ganja" title="Treaty of Ganja">Treaty of Ganja</a>. </p><p>Between 1730 and the early course of the 1740s, following his brother's murder in Dagestan, the new Persian ruler and military genius <a href="/wiki/Nader_Shah" title="Nader Shah">Nader Shah</a> led a lengthy <a href="/wiki/Nader%27s_Dagestan_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Nader's Dagestan campaign">campaign in swaths of Dagestan</a> in order to fully conquer the region, which was met with considerable success, although eventually he was forced to withdraw due to the extremity of the weather, the outbreak of disease and heavy raids by the various ethnic groups of Dagestan, forcing him to retreat with his army. From 1747 onwards, the Persian-ruled part of Dagestan was administered through the <a href="/wiki/Derbent_Khanate" title="Derbent Khanate">Derbent Khanate</a>, with its center at Derbent. The <a href="/wiki/Persian_expedition_of_1796" title="Persian expedition of 1796">Persian expedition of 1796</a> resulted in the Russian capture of Derbent in 1796. However, the Russians were again forced to retreat from the entire Caucasus following internal governmental problems, allowing Persia to capture the territory again. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_rule_consolidated">Russian rule consolidated</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Russian rule consolidated"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was not until the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Persian_War_(1804%E2%80%931813)" title="Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)">Russo-Persian War (1804–1813)</a> that Russian power over Dagestan was confirmed, and that <a href="/wiki/Qajar_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Qajar Persia">Qajar Persia</a> officially ceded the territory to Russia. In 1813, following Russia's victory in the war, Persia was forced to cede southern Dagestan with its principal city of Derbent, alongside other vast territories in the Caucasus to Russia, conforming with the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Gulistan" title="Treaty of Gulistan">Treaty of Gulistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1828 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Turkmenchay" title="Treaty of Turkmenchay">Treaty of Turkmenchay</a> indefinitely consolidated Russian control over Dagestan and removed Persia from the military equation.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uprisings_against_imperial_Russia">Uprisings against imperial Russia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Uprisings against imperial Russia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shamil_by_Denier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Shamil_by_Denier.jpg/220px-Shamil_by_Denier.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Shamil_by_Denier.jpg/330px-Shamil_by_Denier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Shamil_by_Denier.jpg/440px-Shamil_by_Denier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1369" data-file-height="1787" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Imam_Shamil" title="Imam Shamil">Imam Shamil</a>, national hero and freedom fighter</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunni_Muslim_man_wearing_traditional_dress_and_headgear.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Sunni_Muslim_man_wearing_traditional_dress_and_headgear.jpg/220px-Sunni_Muslim_man_wearing_traditional_dress_and_headgear.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Sunni_Muslim_man_wearing_traditional_dress_and_headgear.jpg/330px-Sunni_Muslim_man_wearing_traditional_dress_and_headgear.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Sunni_Muslim_man_wearing_traditional_dress_and_headgear.jpg/440px-Sunni_Muslim_man_wearing_traditional_dress_and_headgear.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3145" data-file-height="2518" /></a><figcaption>Dagestani man, photographed by <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Prokudin-Gorsky" title="Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky">Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky</a>, between 1907 and 1915</figcaption></figure> <p>The Russian administration, however, disappointed and embittered the highlanders. The institution of heavy taxation, coupled with the expropriation of estates and the construction of fortresses (including Makhachkala), electrified highlanders into rising under the aegis of the Muslim <a href="/wiki/Imamate_of_Dagestan" class="mw-redirect" title="Imamate of Dagestan">Imamate of Dagestan</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Ghazi_Mohammed" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghazi Mohammed">Ghazi Mohammed</a> (1828–1832), <a href="/wiki/Hamzat_Bek" title="Hamzat Bek">Hamzat Bek</a> (1832–1834) and <a href="/wiki/Imam_Shamil" title="Imam Shamil">Shamil</a> (1834–1859). This <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_War" title="Caucasian War">Caucasian War</a> raged until 1864. </p><p>Dagestan and Chechnya profited from the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)</a>, rising together against the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>. Chechnya rose again at various times throughout the late 19th and 20th centuries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soviet_era">Soviet era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Soviet era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On December 21, 1917, <a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">Ingushetia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a>, Dagestan and the rest of the North Caucasus declared independence from Russia and formed a single state called the "United Mountain Dwellers of the North Caucasus" (also known as the <a href="/wiki/Mountainous_Republic_of_the_Northern_Caucasus" title="Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus">Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The capital of the new state was moved to <a href="/wiki/Buynaksk" title="Buynaksk">Temir-Khan-Shura</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first prime minister of the state was <a href="/wiki/Tapa_Chermoyev" class="mw-redirect" title="Tapa Chermoyev">Tapa Chermoyev</a>, a prominent Chechen statesman. The second prime minister was an Ingush statesman Vassan-Girey Dzhabagiev, who in 1917 also became the author of the constitution of the land, and in 1920 was re-elected for a third term.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Bolshevik_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolshevik Revolution">Bolshevik Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> armies occupied <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> and Dagestan and the region became part of the short-lived <a href="/wiki/Mountainous_Republic_of_the_Northern_Caucasus" title="Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus">Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus</a>. After more than three years of fighting the <a href="/wiki/White_Army" title="White Army">White Army</a> and local nationalists, the Bolsheviks achieved victory and the <a href="/wiki/Dagestan_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a> was proclaimed on January 20, 1921. As the newly created Soviet Union was consolidating control in the region, Dagestan declared itself a republic within the Russian Soviet federation but did not follow the other ASSRs in declaring <a href="/wiki/Parade_of_sovereignties" title="Parade of sovereignties">sovereignty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-Soviet_era">Post-Soviet era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Post-Soviet era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On August 7, 1999, the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_International_Peacekeeping_Brigade" title="Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade">Islamic International Peacekeeping Brigade</a> (IIPB), an Islamist group from <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a> led by warlords <a href="/wiki/Shamil_Basayev" title="Shamil Basayev">Shamil Basayev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Al-Khattab" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Al-Khattab">Ibn Al-Khattab</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ramzan_Akhmadov" title="Ramzan Akhmadov">Ramzan Akhmadov</a>, launched a military <a href="/wiki/War_of_Dagestan" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Dagestan">invasion of Dagestan</a>, in support of the Shura separatist rebels with the aim of creating an "independent Islamic State of Dagestan". </p><p>The invaders were supported by part of the local population but were driven back by the Russian military and local paramilitary groups.<sup id="cite_ref-theindependent_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theindependent-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response to the invasion, Russian forces subsequently <a href="/wiki/Second_Chechen_War" title="Second Chechen War">reinvaded Chechnya later that year</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dagestan has <a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_unemployment_rate" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by unemployment rate">one of the highest unemployment rates in Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dagestani soldiers participated in the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, many of whom were killed in action.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September, Dagestan became a center of the <a href="/wiki/2022_North_Caucasian_protests" title="2022 North Caucasian protests">2022 North Caucasian protests</a> against <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_mobilization" title="2022 Russian mobilization">mobilization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, during the <a href="/wiki/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Israel–Hamas war">Hamas-Israel war</a>, there were a <a href="/wiki/2023_anti-Jewish_unrest_in_the_North_Caucasus" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 anti-Jewish unrest in the North Caucasus">wave of antisemitic attacks</a> across the North Caucasus, including Dagestan.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.png/220px-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.png/330px-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.png/440px-%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD.png 2x" data-file-width="929" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>The Government Building of the Republic of Dagestan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ilham_Aliyev_received_head_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan_of_the_Russian_Federation_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Ilham_Aliyev_received_head_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan_of_the_Russian_Federation_01.jpg/220px-Ilham_Aliyev_received_head_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan_of_the_Russian_Federation_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Ilham_Aliyev_received_head_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan_of_the_Russian_Federation_01.jpg/330px-Ilham_Aliyev_received_head_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan_of_the_Russian_Federation_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Ilham_Aliyev_received_head_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan_of_the_Russian_Federation_01.jpg/440px-Ilham_Aliyev_received_head_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan_of_the_Russian_Federation_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1960" data-file-height="1127" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Melikov" title="Sergey Melikov">Sergey Melikov</a>, the Head of Dagestan, with Azerbaijan's President <a href="/wiki/Ilham_Aliyev" title="Ilham Aliyev">Ilham Aliyev</a> on 6 December 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> of Dagestan is the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Assembly_of_Dagestan" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Assembly of Dagestan">People's Assembly</a>, consisting of 72 deputies elected for a four-year term. The People's Assembly is the highest executive and legislative body of the republic. </p><p>The Constitution of Dagestan was adopted on July 10, 2003. According to it, the highest executive authority lies with the State Council, comprising representatives of fourteen ethnicities. The Constitutional Assembly of Dagestan appoints the members of the State Council for a term of four years. The State Council appoints the members of the Government. </p><p>The ethnicities represented in the State Council are <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_Avars" class="mw-redirect" title="Caucasian Avars">Avars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dargins" title="Dargins">Dargins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kumyks" title="Kumyks">Kumyks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lezgins" title="Lezgins">Lezgins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lak_people_(Dagestan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lak people (Dagestan)">Laks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani people">Azerbaijanis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_people" title="Tabasaran people">Tabasarans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nogais" title="Nogais">Nogais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aguls" class="mw-redirect" title="Aguls">Aguls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutuls" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutuls">Rutuls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsakhurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsakhurs">Tsakhurs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tat_people_(Caucasus)" title="Tat people (Caucasus)">Tats</a>. </p><p>Formerly, the Chairman of the State Council was the highest executive post in the republic, held by <a href="/wiki/Magomedali_Magomedov" title="Magomedali Magomedov">Magomedali Magomedovich Magomedov</a> until 2006. On February 20, 2006, the People's Assembly passed a resolution terminating this post and disbanding the State Council. <a href="/wiki/Russian_president" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian president">Russian president</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> offered the People's Assembly the candidature of <a href="/wiki/Mukhu_Aliyev" title="Mukhu Aliyev">Mukhu Aliyev</a> for the newly established post of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_Dagestan" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Republic of Dagestan">president of the Republic of Dagestan</a>. The People's Assembly accepted the nomination, and Mukhu Aliyev became the first president of the republic. On February 20, 2010, Aliyev was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Magomedsalam_Magomedov" title="Magomedsalam Magomedov">Magomedsalam Magomedov</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ramazan_Abdulatipov" title="Ramazan Abdulatipov">Ramazan Abdulatipov</a> then became the head (acting 2013–2017, following the resignation of Magomedov).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> On October 3, 2017, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Vasilyev_(politician)" title="Vladimir Vasilyev (politician)">Vladimir Vasilyev</a> was appointed as head.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2024_Russian_presidential_election" title="2024 Russian presidential election">2024 Russian presidential election</a>, which critics called rigged and fraudulent,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> won 92.93% of the vote in Dagestan.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Because its mountainous terrain impedes travel and communication, Dagestan is unusually ethnically diverse and still largely tribal. It is Russia's most heterogeneous republic. Dagestan's population is rapidly growing.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style></p><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1897</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">571,154</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1926</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">787,883</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+37.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1939</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,023,300</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+29.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1959</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,062,472</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,428,540</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+34.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1979</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,627,884</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1989</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,802,579</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2002</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,576,531</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+42.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,910,249</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+13.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,182,054</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Census data</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population">Population</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="nowrap">3,182,054 (<a href="/wiki/2021_Russian_census" title="2021 Russian census">2021 Census</a>)</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-2021Census_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021Census-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nowrap">2,910,249 (<a href="/wiki/2010_Russian_census" title="2010 Russian census">2010 Census</a>)</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-2010Census_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010Census-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nowrap">2,576,531 (<a href="/wiki/2002_Russian_census" title="2002 Russian census">2002 Census</a>)</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-PopCensus_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PopCensus-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nowrap">1,802,579 (<a href="/wiki/1989_Soviet_census" title="1989 Soviet census">1989 Soviet census</a>)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Census1989_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census1989-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Life_expectancy">Life expectancy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Life expectancy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_life_expectancy" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by life expectancy">List of federal subjects of Russia by life expectancy</a></div> <p>Dagestan has the second highest <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life expectancy</a> in Russia. Higher duration of life is observed only in <a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">Ingushetia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th style="width:7em;">2019 </th> <th style="width:7em;">2021 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Average: </td> <td>79.1 years </td> <td>76.6 years </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Male: </td> <td>76.6 years </td> <td>74.1 years </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">Female: </td> <td>81.4 years </td> <td>79.0 years </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 238px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 236px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Life expectancy at birth in Dagestan"><img alt="Life expectancy at birth in Dagestan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan.png/354px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan.png" decoding="async" width="236" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan.png/531px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan.png/708px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="717" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Life expectancy at birth in Dagestan</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan_-diff.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Life expectancy with calculated differences"><img alt="Life expectancy with calculated differences" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan_-diff.png/270px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan_-diff.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan_-diff.png/405px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan_-diff.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan_-diff.png/540px-Life_expectancy_in_Russian_subject_-Dagestan_-diff.png 2x" data-file-width="1081" data-file-height="1081" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Life expectancy with calculated differences</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 286px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 284px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-North_Caucasus.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Life expectancy in Dagestan in comparison with other regions of the North Caucasus"><img alt="Life expectancy in Dagestan in comparison with other regions of the North Caucasus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-North_Caucasus.png/426px-Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-North_Caucasus.png" decoding="async" width="284" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-North_Caucasus.png/639px-Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-North_Caucasus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-North_Caucasus.png/851px-Life_expectancy_in_Russia_-North_Caucasus.png 2x" data-file-width="1390" data-file-height="882" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Life expectancy in Dagestan in comparison with other regions of the North Caucasus</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 208.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 206.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_sex.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Interactive chart of comparison of male and female life expectancy for 2021. Open the original svg-file in a separate window and hover over a bubble to highlight it."><img alt="Interactive chart of comparison of male and female life expectancy for 2021. Open the original svg-file in a separate window and hover over a bubble to highlight it." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_sex.svg/310px-Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_sex.svg.png" decoding="async" width="207" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_sex.svg/465px-Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_sex.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_sex.svg/620px-Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_sex.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="446" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interactive chart of comparison of male and female life expectancy for 2021. Open the <a class="external text" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_sex.svg">original svg-file</a> in a separate window and hover over a bubble to highlight it.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 191.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 189.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_type_of_settlement.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Analogious interactive chart of comparison of urban and rural life expectancy. Original interactive file."><img alt="Analogious interactive chart of comparison of urban and rural life expectancy. Original interactive file." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_type_of_settlement.svg/284px-Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_type_of_settlement.svg.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_type_of_settlement.svg/427px-Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_type_of_settlement.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_type_of_settlement.svg/569px-Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_type_of_settlement.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="486" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Analogious interactive chart of comparison of urban and rural life expectancy.<br /><a class="external text" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Comparison_of_life_expectancy_in_Russian_subjects_by_type_of_settlement.svg">Original interactive file</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Settlements">Settlements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Settlements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Largest cities or towns in Dagestan</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;">2021 Russian Census</div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank </th> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Dagestan" title="Administrative divisions of Dagestan">Administrative Division</a> </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Capital_of_Dagestan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Makhachkala"><img alt="Makhachkala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Capital_of_Dagestan.jpg/120px-Capital_of_Dagestan.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Capital_of_Dagestan.jpg/180px-Capital_of_Dagestan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Capital_of_Dagestan.jpg/240px-Capital_of_Dagestan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="707" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%82.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Khasavyurt"><img alt="Khasavyurt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%82.jpg/120px-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%82.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%82.jpg/180px-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%82.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%82.jpg/240px-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%82.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="717" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Khasavyurt" title="Khasavyurt">Khasavyurt</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">City of republic significance of Makhachkala</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">623,254 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dagestan_naryn-kala.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Derbent"><img alt="Derbent" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Dagestan_naryn-kala.jpg/120px-Dagestan_naryn-kala.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Dagestan_naryn-kala.jpg/180px-Dagestan_naryn-kala.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Dagestan_naryn-kala.jpg/240px-Dagestan_naryn-kala.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%93._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kaspiysk"><img alt="Kaspiysk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/%D0%93._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA.png/120px-%D0%93._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/%D0%93._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA.png/180px-%D0%93._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/%D0%93._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA.png/240px-%D0%93._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA.png 2x" data-file-width="4713" data-file-height="2679" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Kaspiysk" title="Kaspiysk">Kaspiysk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Khasavyurt" title="Khasavyurt">Khasavyurt</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Khasavyurtovsky_District" title="Khasavyurtovsky District">Khasavyurtovsky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">155,144 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Derbentsky_District" title="Derbentsky District">Derbentsky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">124,953 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kaspiysk" title="Kaspiysk">Kaspiysk</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kaspiysk" title="Kaspiysk">City of republic significance of Kaspiysk</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">121,140 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Buynaksk" title="Buynaksk">Buynaksk</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Buynaksky_District" title="Buynaksky District">Buynaksky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">68,121 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Izberbash" title="Izberbash">Izberbash</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Izberbash" title="Izberbash">Town of republic significance of Izberbash</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">55,996 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kizlyar" title="Kizlyar">Kizlyar</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kizlyarsky_District" title="Kizlyarsky District">Kizlyarsky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">49,999 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kizilyurt" title="Kizilyurt">Kizilyurt</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kizilyurtovsky_District" title="Kizilyurtovsky District">Kizilyurtovsky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">38,335 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Dagestanskiye_Ogni" title="Dagestanskiye Ogni">Dagestanskiye Ogni</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Dagestanskiye_Ogni" title="Dagestanskiye Ogni">Town of republic significance of Dagestanskiye Ogni</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,412 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Karabudakhkent" title="Karabudakhkent">Karabudakhkent</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Karabudakhkentsky_District" title="Karabudakhkentsky District">Karabudakhkentsky District</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">20,710 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vital_statistics">Vital statistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Vital statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dagestan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Dagestan.svg/220px-Dagestan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Dagestan.svg/330px-Dagestan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Dagestan.svg/440px-Dagestan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="528" /></a><figcaption>Map of Dagestan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F._%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F._%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85.jpg/220px-%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F._%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F._%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85.jpg/330px-%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F._%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F._%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85.jpg/440px-%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F._%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1512" /></a><figcaption>A mountain village</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prokudin-Gorskii-44.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Prokudin-Gorskii-44.jpg/220px-Prokudin-Gorskii-44.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Prokudin-Gorskii-44.jpg/330px-Prokudin-Gorskii-44.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Prokudin-Gorskii-44.jpg/440px-Prokudin-Gorskii-44.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3226" data-file-height="2798" /></a><figcaption>A couple in Dagestan, as photographed by <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Prokudin-Gorsky" title="Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky">Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky</a> between 1907 and 1915</figcaption></figure> <p>Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dagstat.gks.ru/naselenie">Russian Federal State Statistics Service</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2024">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Average population (x 1000) </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Live births </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Deaths </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Natural change </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Crude birth rate (per 1000) </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Crude death rate (per 1000) </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Natural change (per 1000) </th> <th style="width:70pt;">Fertility rates </th></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,438 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,381 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,543 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,838 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">28.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,544 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">42,098 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10,292 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,806 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">20.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,655 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">44,088 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,188 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32,900 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,744 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">50,053 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,010 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38,043 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">28.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">21.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,848 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">48,209 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,482 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">36,727 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right; color:blue;">3.07 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,906 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">47,461 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,062 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35,399 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; color:blue;">2.94 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,964 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">44,986 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,984 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32,002 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right; color:blue;">2.70 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,012 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,863 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,777 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27,086 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">20.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.5 </td> <td style="text-align:right; color:blue;">2.46 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,117 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">44,472 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,253 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">29,219 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">21.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right; color:blue;">2.45 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,209 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">45,680 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,700 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">29,980 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">20.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right; color:blue;">2.41 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,251 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">42,282 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,565 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26,717 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right; color:blue;">2.19 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,308 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,225 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,662 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25,563 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right; color:blue;">2.10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,363 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,164 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,793 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25,371 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,417 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38,281 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,020 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22,261 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.87 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,464 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38,229 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,108 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">22,121 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15.5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.82 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,511 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38,480 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,293 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">23,187 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.79 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,563 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,204 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,887 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25,317 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.85 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,609 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,490 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,929 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25,561 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.81 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,647 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">41,573 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,724 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25,849 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.76 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,684 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40,814 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,585 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">25,229 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.69 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,721 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40,646 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,939 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24,707 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right; color:red;">1.64 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,761 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">45,470 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,357 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30,113 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16.5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.81 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,804 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">49,465 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,794 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">33,671 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.94 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,850 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">50,416 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,737 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">33,679 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.92 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,896 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">52,057 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17,013 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35,044 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.92 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,914 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">54,646 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,872 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">37,774 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.98 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,931 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">56,186 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,642 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39,544 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.03 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,955 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">55,641 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,258 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">39,383 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,982 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">56,888 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,491 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">40,397 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.08 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,003 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">54,867 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,188 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">38,679 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">18.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12.9 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,029 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">52,867 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,719 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">37,148 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">17.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.98 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,041 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">50,174 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,473 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34,701 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.91 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,077 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">48,120 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,871 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">33,249 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.86 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,110 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">45,977 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,941 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,036 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.78 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,138 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">47,051 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19,750 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27,301 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">15.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.87 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,182 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">44,330 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">19,766 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24,564 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.76 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,186 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">42,515 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">16,344 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26,171 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.73 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2023 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">42,075 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,605 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27,470 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.5 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1.75 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_groups">Ethnic groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Ethnic groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The people of Dagestan include a large <a href="/wiki/Peoples_of_the_Caucasus" class="mw-redirect" title="Peoples of the Caucasus">variety of ethnicities</a>. According to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Census_(2021)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Census (2021)">2021 Census</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-census2021_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2021-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Northeast Caucasians (including <a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)">Avars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dargins" title="Dargins">Dargins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lezgins" title="Lezgins">Lezgins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lak_people_(Dagestan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lak people (Dagestan)">Laks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_people" title="Tabasaran people">Tabasarans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutul_people" title="Rutul people">Rutulians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a>) make up almost 75% of the population of Dagestan. Turkic peoples, <a href="/wiki/Kumyks" title="Kumyks">Kumyks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis_in_Russia" title="Azerbaijanis in Russia">Azerbaijanis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nogai_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Nogai people">Nogais</a> make up 21%, and <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a> 3.3%. Other ethnicities (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Tat_people_(Caucasus)" title="Tat people (Caucasus)">Tats</a>, who are an <a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranian people</a>) each account for less than 0.4% of the total population. </p><p>Such groups as the <a href="/wiki/Botlikh_people" title="Botlikh people">Botlikh</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Andi_people" title="Andi people">Andi</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Akhvakh_people" title="Akhvakh people">Akhvakhs</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tsez_people" title="Tsez people">Tsez</a> and about ten other groups were reclassified as Avars between the 1926 and 1939 censuses.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:White; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 460.96007059739px; border-left-color:Lime"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Lime"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Lime"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 352.45314152573px; border-left-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 193.24964492842px; border-left-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Red"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 122.43749497389px; border-left-color:MediumOrchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:MediumOrchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:MediumOrchid"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 76.566454547802px; border-left-color:LightBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:LightBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:LightBlue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 42.529898085737px; border-left-color:LightGreen"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:LightGreen"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:LightGreen"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 7.5541426254377px; border-left-color:Turquoise"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Turquoise"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Turquoise"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:72.465313018705px 68.911380838735px 0 0; border-top-color:Orchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Orchid"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 542.7229163742px 100px 0; border-right-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 36.002215309576px 100px 0; border-right-color:DarkGreen"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:DarkGreen"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Ethnic groups in Dagestan (2021) </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DarkGreen; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)">Avars</a> (30.5%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Dargins" title="Dargins">Dargins</a> (16.6%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Orchid; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Kumyks" title="Kumyks">Kumyks</a> (15.8%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Turquoise; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Lezgins" title="Lezgins">Lezgins</a> (13.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:LightGreen; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Laks_(Caucasus)" title="Laks (Caucasus)">Laks</a> (5.2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:LightBlue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Tabasarans" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabasarans">Tabasarans</a> (4.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:MediumOrchid; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis" title="Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a> (3.7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Red; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a> (3.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Yellow; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a> (3.2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Lime; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Rutul_people" title="Rutul people">Rutulians</a> (1.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:White; color:black;"> </span> Others (3.4%)</div> </div> </div></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#e0e0e0;"> <th rowspan="2">Ethnic<br />group </th> <th colspan="2">1926 Census </th> <th colspan="2">1939 Census </th> <th colspan="2">1959 Census </th> <th colspan="2">1970 Census </th> <th colspan="2">1979 Census </th> <th colspan="2">1989 Census </th> <th colspan="2">2002 Census </th> <th colspan="2">2010 Census </th> <th colspan="2">2021 Census<sup>1</sup> </th></tr> <tr style="background:#e0e0e0;"> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th> <th>Number </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)"><small>Avars</small></a></b> </td> <td>177,189 </td> <td>22.5% </td> <td>230,488 </td> <td>24.8% </td> <td>239,373 </td> <td>22.5% </td> <td>349,304 </td> <td>24.5% </td> <td>418,634 </td> <td>25.7% </td> <td>496,077 </td> <td>27.5% </td> <td>758,438 </td> <td>29.4% </td> <td>850,011 </td> <td>29.4% </td> <td>956,831 </td> <td>30.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><b><small><a href="/wiki/Dargins" title="Dargins">Dargins</a></small></b> </td> <td>125,707 </td> <td>16.0% </td> <td>150,421 </td> <td>16.2% </td> <td>148,194 </td> <td>13.9% </td> <td>207,776 </td> <td>14.5% </td> <td>246,854 </td> <td>15.2% </td> <td>280,431 </td> <td>15.6% </td> <td>425,526 </td> <td>16.5% </td> <td>490,384 </td> <td>17.0% </td> <td>521,381 </td> <td>16.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><small><a href="/wiki/Kumyks" title="Kumyks">Kumyks</a></small></b> </td> <td>87,960 </td> <td>11.2% </td> <td>100,053 </td> <td>10.8% </td> <td>120,859 </td> <td>11.4% </td> <td>169,019 </td> <td>11.8% </td> <td>202,297 </td> <td>12.4% </td> <td>231,805 </td> <td>12.9% </td> <td>365,804 </td> <td>14.2% </td> <td>431,736 </td> <td>14.9% </td> <td>496,455 </td> <td>15.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Lezgian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Lezgian people"><small>Lezgins</small></a></b> </td> <td>90,509 </td> <td>11.5% </td> <td>96,723 </td> <td>10.4% </td> <td>108,615 </td> <td>10.2% </td> <td>162,721 </td> <td>11.4% </td> <td>188,804 </td> <td>11.6% </td> <td>204,370 </td> <td>11.3% </td> <td>336,698 </td> <td>13.1% </td> <td>385,240 </td> <td>13.3% </td> <td>416,963 </td> <td>13.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Lak_people_(Dagestan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lak people (Dagestan)"><small>Laks</small></a></b> </td> <td>39,878 </td> <td>5.1% </td> <td>51,671 </td> <td>5.6% </td> <td>53,451 </td> <td>5.0% </td> <td>72,240 </td> <td>5.1% </td> <td>83,457 </td> <td>5.1% </td> <td>91,682 </td> <td>5.1% </td> <td>139,732 </td> <td>5.4% </td> <td>161,276 </td> <td>5.6% </td> <td>162,518 </td> <td>5.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Tabasaran_people" title="Tabasaran people"><small>Tabasarans</small></a></b> </td> <td>31,915 </td> <td>4.0% </td> <td>33,432 </td> <td>3.6% </td> <td>33,548 </td> <td>3.2% </td> <td>53,253 </td> <td>3.7% </td> <td>71,722 </td> <td>4.4% </td> <td>78,196 </td> <td>4.6% </td> <td>110,152 </td> <td>4.3% </td> <td>118,848 </td> <td>4.1% </td> <td>126,319 </td> <td>4.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis_in_Russia" title="Azerbaijanis in Russia"><b><small>Azerbaijanis</small></b></a> </td> <td>23,428 </td> <td>3.0% </td> <td>31,141 </td> <td>3.3% </td> <td>38,224 </td> <td>3.6% </td> <td>54,403 </td> <td>3.8% </td> <td>64,514 </td> <td>4.0% </td> <td>75,463 </td> <td>4.2% </td> <td>111,656 </td> <td>4.3% </td> <td>130,919 </td> <td>4.5% </td> <td>116,907 </td> <td>3.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><small><a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a></small></b> </td> <td>98,197 </td> <td>12.5% </td> <td>132,952 </td> <td>14.3% </td> <td>213,754 </td> <td>20.1% </td> <td>209,570 </td> <td>14.7% </td> <td>189,474 </td> <td>11.6% </td> <td>165,940 </td> <td>9.2% </td> <td>120,875 </td> <td>4.7% </td> <td>104,020 </td> <td>3.6% </td> <td>102,243 </td> <td>3.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><small><a href="/wiki/Chechens" title="Chechens">Chechens</a></small></b> </td> <td>21,851 </td> <td>2.8% </td> <td>26,419 </td> <td>2.8% </td> <td>12,798 </td> <td>1.2% </td> <td>39,965 </td> <td>2.8% </td> <td>49,227 </td> <td>3.0% </td> <td>57,877 </td> <td>3.2% </td> <td>87,867 </td> <td>3.4% </td> <td>93,658 </td> <td>3.2% </td> <td>99,320 </td> <td>3.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><small><a href="/wiki/Nogais" title="Nogais">Nogais</a></small></b> </td> <td>26,086 </td> <td>3.3% </td> <td>4,677 </td> <td>0.5% </td> <td>14,939 </td> <td>1.4% </td> <td>21,750 </td> <td>1.5% </td> <td>24,977 </td> <td>1.5% </td> <td>28,294 </td> <td>1.6% </td> <td>38,168 </td> <td>1.5% </td> <td>40,407 </td> <td>1.4% </td> <td>36,944 </td> <td>1.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left"><b><a href="/wiki/Aghul_people" title="Aghul people"><small>Aghuls</small></a></b> </td> <td>7,653 </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td rowspan="3">20,408 </td> <td rowspan="3">2.2% </td> <td>6,378 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>8,644 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>11,459 </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>13,791 </td> <td>0.8% </td> <td>23,314 </td> <td>0.9% </td> <td>28,054 </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>29,253 </td> <td>0.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Rutul_people" title="Rutul people"><small>Rutuls</small></a></b> </td> <td>10,333 </td> <td>1.3% </td> <td>6,566 </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>11,799 </td> <td>0.8% </td> <td>14,288 </td> <td>0.9% </td> <td>14,955 </td> <td>0.8% </td> <td>24,298 </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>27,849 </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>27,043 </td> <td>0.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><b><a href="/wiki/Tsakhur_people" title="Tsakhur people"><small>Tsakhurs</small></a></b> </td> <td>3,531 </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>4,278 </td> <td>0.4% </td> <td>4,309 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>4,560 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>5,194 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>8,168 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>9,771 </td> <td>0.3% </td> <td>10,320 </td> <td>0.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Others </td> <td>43,861 </td> <td>5.6% </td> <td>52,031 </td> <td>5.6% </td> <td>61,495 </td> <td>5.8% </td> <td>63,787 </td> <td>4.5% </td> <td>57,892 </td> <td>3.6% </td> <td>58,113 </td> <td>3.2% </td> <td>25,835 </td> <td>1.0% </td> <td>19,646 </td> <td>0.7% </td> <td>31,752 </td> <td>1.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;" colspan="19"><sup>1</sup> <small>47,805 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.</small><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northeast_Caucasus_languages_map_en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Northeast_Caucasus_languages_map_en.svg/210px-Northeast_Caucasus_languages_map_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Northeast_Caucasus_languages_map_en.svg/315px-Northeast_Caucasus_languages_map_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Northeast_Caucasus_languages_map_en.svg/420px-Northeast_Caucasus_languages_map_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1133" data-file-height="1183" /></a><figcaption>Main language areas</figcaption></figure> <p>More than 30 local languages are commonly spoken, most belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Caucasian_languages" title="Northeast Caucasian languages">Nakh-Daghestanian</a> language family. Russian became the principal <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a> in Dagestan during the 20th century;<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 20 of Russia's 131 <a href="/wiki/Endangered_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Endangered languages">endangered languages</a> as identified by UNESCO can be found in Dagestan. Most of these endangered languages have speakers in the mountainous region on the Dagestan-Georgia border.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to Soviet rule, the literary lingua-franca status to some extent belonged to <a href="/wiki/Classical_Arabic" title="Classical Arabic">Classical Arabic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The northern <a href="/wiki/Avar_language" title="Avar language">Avar</a> dialect of <a href="/wiki/Khunzakh" title="Khunzakh">Khunzakh</a> has also served as a lingua franca in mountainous Dagestan where Avar-related peoples lived.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> And throughout centuries the <a href="/wiki/Kumyk_language" title="Kumyk language">Kumyk language</a> had been <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">the lingua-franca</a> for the bigger part of the Northern Caucasus, from Dagestan to <a href="/wiki/Kabarda" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabarda">Kabarda</a>, until the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kumyk also had been an official language for communication of the Russian Imperial administration with the local peoples.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first Russian grammar written about a language from present-day Dagestan was for Kumyk.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Author Timofey Makarov wrote: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>From the peoples speaking Tatar language I liked the most Kumyks, as for their language's distinction and precision, so for their closeness to the European civilization, but most importantly, I take in account that they live on the Left Flank of the Caucasian Front, where we're conducting military actions, and where all the peoples, apart from their own language, speak also Kumyk.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:Black; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 2651.3256287233px; border-left-color:DarkGrey"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DarkGrey"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DarkGrey"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 606.67925626074px; border-left-color:White"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:White"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:White"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 112.00117924292px; border-left-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Red"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 87.051316381041px; border-left-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 76.566454547802px; border-left-color:MediumOrchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:MediumOrchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:MediumOrchid"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 54.975465219277px; border-left-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Green"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Religion in Dagestan (2012)<sup id="cite_ref-2012ArenaAtlas_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012ArenaAtlas-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (83%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:MediumOrchid; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a> (2.4%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DodgerBlue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominational Christianity</a> (1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Red; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Folk_religion" title="Folk religion">Folk religion</a> (2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:White; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_but_not_religious" title="Spiritual but not religious">Spiritual but not religious</a> (9%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DarkGrey; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheist</a> (2%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Black; color:white;"> </span> Others (0.6%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>According to a 2012 survey which interviewed 56,900 people,<sup id="cite_ref-2012ArenaAtlas_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012ArenaAtlas-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 83% of the population of Dagestan adheres to <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, 2.4% to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a>, 2% to Caucasian folk religion and other native faiths, 1% are <a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">non-denominational</a> <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a>. In addition, 9% of the population identify as "<a href="/wiki/Spiritual_but_not_religious" title="Spiritual but not religious">spiritual but not religious</a>", 2% as <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheist</a>, and 0.6% as other and no answer.<sup id="cite_ref-2012ArenaAtlas_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012ArenaAtlas-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Islam">Islam</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Russia" title="Islam in Russia">Islam in Russia</a></div> <p>Dagestanis adherents of Islam are largely <a href="/wiki/Sunni" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni">Sunni</a> Muslims of the <a href="/wiki/Shafii" class="mw-redirect" title="Shafii">Shafii</a> school. On the Caspian coast, particularly in and around the port city of <a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a>, the population (primarily made up of <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijanis" title="Azerbaijanis">Azerbaijanis</a>) is <a href="/wiki/Shia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Salafi" class="mw-redirect" title="Salafi">Salafi</a> minority is also present, which is sometimes a target of official repression.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The appearance of <a href="/wiki/Sufi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi">Sufi</a> <a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">mysticism</a> in Dagestan dates back to the 14th century. The two <a href="/wiki/Tariqa" title="Tariqa">Sufi orders</a> that are widely spread in the <a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">North Caucasus</a> were the <a href="/wiki/Naqshbandiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Naqshbandiya">Naqshbandiya</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Qadiriya" class="mw-redirect" title="Qadiriya">Qadiriya</a>. The mystic <a href="/wiki/Tariqa" title="Tariqa">tariqas</a> preached tolerance and coexistence between the diverse people in the region. The Communist total intolerance for any religion after the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">Communist Revolution of 1917</a> also suppressed the Sufi movements. <a href="/wiki/Shaykh_Said_Afandi_al-Chirkawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaykh Said Afandi al-Chirkawi">Shaykh Said Afandi al-Chirkawi</a> was a prominent scholar, spiritual leader, and <a href="/wiki/Murshid" title="Murshid">murshid</a> (guide) of Naqshbandi and <a href="/wiki/Shadhili" title="Shadhili">Shadhili</a> <a href="/wiki/Tariqah" class="mw-redirect" title="Tariqah">tariqahs</a> in Dagestan until his death.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, there has been an <a href="/wiki/Islamic_revival" title="Islamic revival">Islamic revival</a> in the region. By 1996, Dagestan had 1,670 registered mosques, nine Islamic universities, 25 <a href="/wiki/Madrassas" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrassas">madrassas</a>, 670 <a href="/wiki/Maktab_(education)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maktab (education)">maktab</a>, and it is estimated that "nearly one in five Dagestanis was involved in Islamic education", while of the 20,000 or so Russian pilgrims for the <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> more than half were from Dagestan.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Judaism">Judaism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Judaism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Judaism_in_Dagestan" title="Judaism in Dagestan">Judaism in Dagestan</a></div> <p>A relatively large number of native <a href="/wiki/Tat_language_(Caucasus)" title="Tat language (Caucasus)">Tati</a>-speaking <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a> – the "<a href="/wiki/Mountain_Jews" title="Mountain Jews">Mountain Jews</a>" – were<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (August 2018)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> also present in these same coastal areas. However, since 1991 and the collapse of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, many have migrated to Israel and the United States. These<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Statement needs to be more specific about the content to which it refers. (September 2023)">specify</span></a></i>]</sup> were an extension of much larger <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani Jew">Azerbaijani Jewish</a> community across the border in the Azerbaijani districts of <a href="/wiki/Quba" title="Quba">Quba</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shamakhi" title="Shamakhi">Shamakhi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Christianity">Christianity</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Christianity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Dagestan" title="Christianity in Dagestan">Christianity in Dagestan</a></div> <p>The number of <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a> among the non-Slavic indigenous population is very low, with estimates between 2,000 and 2,500. Most of these are <a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a> Christians from the <a href="/wiki/Laks_(Caucasus)" title="Laks (Caucasus)">Lak</a> ethnicity.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest congregation is Osanna Evangelical Christian Church (Pentecostal) in <a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a>, with more than 1,000 members.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_the_Assumption_of_Makhachkala" title="Cathedral of the Assumption of Makhachkala">Cathedral of the Assumption</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_church_architecture" title="Eastern Orthodox church architecture">Eastern Orthodox</a> <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a> located in the city of <a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a>, the main cathedral of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Makhachkala" title="Diocese of Makhachkala">Diocese of Makhachkala</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Equal-to-the-Apostles_Prince_Vladimir_of_Makhachkala" title="Church of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir of Makhachkala">Church of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir</a> is a Russian Orthodox <a href="/wiki/Cathedral" title="Cathedral">cathedral</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Makhachkala" title="Diocese of Makhachkala">Diocese of Makhachkala</a>, located in the city of <a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a>.</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="graytable" style="text-align:center"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Makhachkala_mosque_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Makhachkala_mosque_5.jpg/200px-Makhachkala_mosque_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Makhachkala_mosque_5.jpg/300px-Makhachkala_mosque_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Makhachkala_mosque_5.jpg/400px-Makhachkala_mosque_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td width="27%"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a 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data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="801" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td width="27%"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5-%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5-%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg/200px-%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5-%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5-%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg/300px-%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5-%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5-%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg/400px-%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5-%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td width="25%"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%92%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/%D0%92%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8.jpg/200px-%D0%92%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" 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href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Our_Lady_of_the_Sign_(Khasavyurt)" title="Cathedral of Our Lady of the Sign (Khasavyurt)">Cathedral of Our Lady of the Sign</a> in <a href="/wiki/Khasavyurt" title="Khasavyurt">Khasavyurt</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_All-Savior_of_Derbent" title="Church of the Holy All-Savior of Derbent">Church of the Holy All-Savior of Derbent</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Derbent_Synagogue" title="Derbent Synagogue">Derbent Synagogue</a> </td> <td>The <a href="/wiki/Juma_Mosque_of_Derbent" title="Juma Mosque of Derbent">Juma Mosque of Derbent</a> (built in 733) is the oldest in Russia and one of the oldest in the world. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genetics">Genetics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Genetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2006, a genetic study of the Dagestan populations, published in <a href="/wiki/Human_Biology_(journal)" title="Human Biology (journal)">Human Biology</a>, suggested that inhabitants of Dagestan are closely related to <a href="/wiki/Anatolian_Turks" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatolian Turks">Anatolian Turks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cypriot_Turks" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypriot Turks">Cypriot Turks</a>. Yunusbayev et al. pointed out that these findings support the theory that indigenous groups of Dagestan can trace their roots back to ancient <a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution#Europe" title="Neolithic Revolution">Anatolian farming tribes</a> who introduced early agricultural traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>List of <a href="/wiki/Notable_people_from_Dagestan" title="Notable people from Dagestan">Notable people from Dagestan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The major industries in Dagestan include <a href="/wiki/Oil_production" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil production">oil production</a>, <a href="/wiki/Engineering" title="Engineering">engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemical_industry" title="Chemical industry">chemicals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Machine_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Machine building">machine building</a>, <a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacturing" title="Textile manufacturing">textile manufacturing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Food_processing" title="Food processing">food processing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timber_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Timber industry">timber</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oil_deposits" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil deposits">Oil deposits</a> are located in the narrow coastal region. Dagestan's natural gas production goes mostly to satisfy local needs. <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a> is varied and includes grain-farming, <a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">viticulture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wine-making" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine-making">wine-making</a>, sheep-farming, and <a href="/wiki/Dairying" class="mw-redirect" title="Dairying">dairying</a>. The engineering and <a href="/wiki/Metalworking" title="Metalworking">metalworking</a> industries own 20% of the republic's industrial production assets and employ 25% of all industrial workers. Dagestan's hydroelectric power industry is developing rapidly. There are five power plants on the <a href="/wiki/Sulak_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulak River">Sulak River</a> providing <a href="/wiki/Hydroelectric_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroelectric power">hydroelectric power</a>. It has been estimated that Dagestan's total potential hydroelectric power resources are 4.4 billion kW. Dagestan has a well-developed transportation system. <a href="/wiki/Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway">Railways</a> connect the capital <a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a> to Moscow, <a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a>, and the Azerbaijani capital, <a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a>. The Moscow-Baku <a href="/wiki/Russian_highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian highway">highway</a> also <a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Caucasus Highway">passes through Dagestan</a>, and there are air links with major cities.<sup id="cite_ref-msn_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msn-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kommersant_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kommersant-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conditions for economic development are favorable in Dagestan, but – as of 2006<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> – the republic's low starting level for a successful transition to market relations, in addition to rampant corruption, has made the region highly dependent on its <a href="/wiki/Underground_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Underground economy">underground economy</a> and the subsidies coming from the central Russian government.<sup id="cite_ref-kommersant_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kommersant-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jamestown_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jamestown-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Corruption in Dagestan is more severe than in other regions of the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and is coupled with a flourishing black market and clan-based economic system.<sup id="cite_ref-crisisgroup_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crisisgroup-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011 <a href="/wiki/Rostelecom" title="Rostelecom">Rostelecom</a> started the implementation of <a href="/wiki/Wavelength-division_multiplexing" title="Wavelength-division multiplexing">WDM</a>-based equipment on the backbone network for data transmission in the Republic of Dagestan. Due to WDM introduction, the fiber-optic communication lines bandwidth increased to 2.5 Gbit/s. Rostelecom invested about 48 million rubles in the project.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Epic-historical songs about the defeat of the armies of Afshar Turk Nadir Shah and various episodes of the nineteenth-century wars are popular among the Avars. Best-known are the ballads "Khochbar" and "Kamalil Bashir". In the second half of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth, Avar culture and literature grew significantly. Well-known Avar literary figures include the poets Aligaji of Inkho (who died 1875) and Chanka (1866–1909), the lyric poet Makhmud (1873–1919), the satirist Tsadasa Gamzat (1877–1951), and the poet <a href="/wiki/Rasul_Gamzatov" title="Rasul Gamzatov">Rasul Gamzatov</a> (1923–2003). Among his poems was Zhuravli, which became a well-known Russian song.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a Dagestani Philharmonic Orchestra and a State Academic Dance Ensemble. <a href="/wiki/Gotfrid_Hasanov" title="Gotfrid Hasanov">Gotfrid Hasanov</a>, who is said to be the first professional composer from Dagestan, wrote <i>Khochbar,</i> the first Dagestani opera, in 1945. Dagestani folk dances include a fast-paced dance called the <i><a href="/wiki/Lezginka" title="Lezginka">lezginka</a></i>. It derives its names from the Lezgin people; nevertheless, Azerbaijanis, Circassians, Abkhazians, Mountain Jews, Caucasian Avars, the Russian Kuban, and Terek Cossacks and many other tribes have their own versions.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Khingal-bat</i> is Dagestan's national dish of small dumplings boiled in ram's broth. Depending on the cook's ethnicity, the dumplings can be oval or round, filled with meat or cheese, and served with a garlic or sour cream sauce. Dairy products and meat constitute a large part of the diet in the mountainous regions, while in the valley zones, vegetables and grain flour are eaten in addition to fruits, edible gourds, edible herbs, and wild grasses.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Martial_arts">Martial arts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Martial arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wrestling_in_Dagestan" title="Wrestling in Dagestan">Wrestling in Dagestan</a></div> <p>In recent times the region has been recognized for producing some of the world's best athletes in combat sports and produces the most MMA fighters of any region relative to population. Dagestani born <a href="/wiki/Khabib_Nurmagomedov" title="Khabib Nurmagomedov">Khabib Nurmagomedov</a> was a UFC lightweight champion who retired undefeated.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His training partner, <a href="/wiki/Islam_Makhachev" title="Islam Makhachev">Islam Makhachev</a>, who is also Dagestani, is the current UFC lightweight champion. Khabib's cousin, <a href="/wiki/Umar_Nurmagomedov" title="Umar Nurmagomedov">Umar Nurmagomedov</a>, is an undefeated fighter in the UFC's bantamweight division. Umar's younger brother, <a href="/wiki/Usman_Nurmagomedov" title="Usman Nurmagomedov">Usman Nurmagomedov</a>, is the current Bellator lightweight champion. <a href="/wiki/Magomed_Ankalaev" title="Magomed Ankalaev">Magomed Ankalaev</a>, who also hails from Dagestan, fought for the UFC light heavyweight championship in 2022. <a href="/wiki/Abubakar_Nurmagomedov" title="Abubakar Nurmagomedov">Abubakar Nurmagomedov</a> is also a cousin of Khabib's who is Dagestani, he is also a professional MMA fighter with a professional record of 17-4-1. </p><p>Dagestan has also historically produced a disproportionate number of Olympic and world champions in freestyle wrestling. Considered by some as the greatest freestyle wrestlers of all time <a href="/wiki/Buvaisar_Saitiev" title="Buvaisar Saitiev">Buvaisar Saitiev</a> who was a three time Olympic champion and <a href="/wiki/Abdulrashid_Sadulaev" title="Abdulrashid Sadulaev">Abdulrashid Sadulaev</a> who won gold at the 2021 Tokyo Olympics are from Dagestan. </p><p>In boxing, <a href="/wiki/Artur_Beterbiev" title="Artur Beterbiev">Artur Beterbiev</a> is a one time World Cup gold medalist, Two time Olympian and the current (October 2024) undisputed IBF, IBO, WBO, and WBC light heavyweight champion, winning 21 fights and 20 by knockout. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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in the North Caucasus">List of clashes in the North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shariat_Jamaat" title="Shariat Jamaat">Shariat Jamaat</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Республика Дагестан</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Respublika Dagestan</i></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FederalDistrict-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FederalDistrict_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г.</span></span> (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 <i>On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District</i>. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EconomicRegion-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EconomicRegion_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР.</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Gosstandart" title="Gosstandart">Gosstandart</a> of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 <i>Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions</i>, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HeadLegis-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HeadLegis_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HeadLegis_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Constitution, Article 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-area-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-area_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220209085730/https://rosreestr.gov.ru/upload/Doc/06-upr/Ф.%2022%20за%202019%20год%20(по%20субъектам%20РФ).doc">"Сведения о наличии и распределении земель в Российской Федерации на 01.01.2019 (в разрезе субъектов Российской Федерации)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Service_for_State_Registration,_Cadastre_and_Cartography" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography">Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosreestr.gov.ru/upload/Doc/06-upr/Ф.%2022%20за%202019%20год%20(по%20субъектам%20РФ).doc">the original</a> on February 9, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 29,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%B0+01.01.2019+%28%D0%B2+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8%29&rft.pub=Federal+Service+for+State+Registration%2C+Cadastre+and+Cartography&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frosreestr.gov.ru%2Fupload%2FDoc%2F06-upr%2F%D0%A4.%252022%2520%D0%B7%D0%B0%25202019%2520%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%2520%28%D0%BF%D0%BE%2520%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%2520%D0%A0%D0%A4%29.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021census-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2021census_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/tab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx">"Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frosstat.gov.ru%2Fstorage%2Fmediabank%2Ftab-5_VPN-2020.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v18-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-d84f748bde80dac87e899490e943a9ac5d33eca8-v18_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2018/bul_dr/mun_obr2018.rar">"26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года"</a>. Federal State Statistics Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=26.+%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BC+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1+%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F+2018+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fdoc_2018%2Fbul_dr%2Fmun_obr2018.rar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vremeni-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vremeni_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&prevDoc=102483854&backlink=1&&nd=102148085">"Об исчислении времени"</a>. <i>Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации</i> (in Russian). June 3, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%9E%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D0%B1+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8&rft.date=2011-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpravo.gov.ru%2Fproxy%2Fips%2F%3Fdocbody%3D%26prevDoc%3D102483854%26backlink%3D1%26%26nd%3D102148085&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Russian-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Russian_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Russia" title="Constitution of Russia">Constitution of Russia</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ConstitutionLangs-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ConstitutionLangs_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Article 11 of the Constitution of Dagestan, the official languages of the republic include "Russian and the languages of the peoples of Dagestan"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Languages-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Languages_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Solntsev et al., pp. XXXIX–XL</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DateEstablished-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DateEstablished_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Всероссийский Центральный Исполнительный Комитет. Декрет от 20 января 1921 г. «Об Автономной Дагестанской Социалистической Советской Республике».</span></span> (<a href="/wiki/All-Russian_Central_Executive_Committee" title="All-Russian Central Executive Committee">All-Russian Central Executive Committee</a>. Decree of January 20, 1921 <i>On Autonomous Dagestan Socialist Soviet Republic</i>. ).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-est20-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-est20_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200124195204/https://www.gks.ru/storage/mediabank/PrPopul2020.xls">"Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации"</a>. Главная::Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gks.ru/storage/mediabank/PrPopul2020.xls">the original</a> on January 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.pub=%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F%3A%3A%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Fstorage%2Fmediabank%2FPrPopul2020.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/149638/">"Dagestan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dagestan&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F149638%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeinrichLobova,_LudmilaMalashenko,_Alexei2011" class="citation book cs1">Heinrich, Hans-Georg; Lobova, Ludmila; Malashenko, Alexei (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0aAW8O4CTkAC&pg=PA46"><i>Will Russia Become a Muslim Society?</i></a>. Peter Lang. p. 46. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3631609132" title="Special:BookSources/978-3631609132"><bdi>978-3631609132</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Will+Russia+Become+a+Muslim+Society%3F&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=Peter+Lang&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-3631609132&rft.aulast=Heinrich&rft.aufirst=Hans-Georg&rft.au=Lobova%2C+Ludmila&rft.au=Malashenko%2C+Alexei&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0aAW8O4CTkAC%26pg%3DPA46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dictionary-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dictionary_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalby2004" class="citation book cs1">Dalby, Andrew (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CnckpL8auSIC&pg=PA59"><i>Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages</i></a>. Columbia University Press. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0231115695" title="Special:BookSources/0231115695"><bdi>0231115695</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Languages%3A+The+Definitive+Reference+to+More+Than+400+Languages&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0231115695&rft.aulast=Dalby&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCnckpL8auSIC%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZonn,_Igor_S." class="citation book cs1">Zonn, Igor S.; et al. <i>The Caspian Sea Encyclopedia</i>. Berlin: <a href="/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media" title="Springer Science+Business Media">Springer</a>. p. 280.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Caspian+Sea+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pages=280&rft.pub=Springer&rft.au=Zonn%2C+Igor+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.investinginrussia.ru/russia/regions/15137/">"Dagestan Republic"</a>. <i>www.investinginrussia.ru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.investinginrussia.ru&rft.atitle=Dagestan+Republic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investinginrussia.ru%2Frussia%2Fregions%2F15137%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worlddata.info/europe/russia/climate-dagestan.php">"Climate in Dagestan, Russia"</a>. <i>Worlddata.info</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Worlddata.info&rft.atitle=Climate+in+Dagestan%2C+Russia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worlddata.info%2Feurope%2Frussia%2Fclimate-dagestan.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Michael Khodarkovsky (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bitterchoicesloy0000khod/page/47">"Bitter Choices: Loyalty and Betrayal in the Russian Conquest of the North Caucasus"</a>. Cornell University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0801462908" title="Special:BookSources/0801462908">0801462908</a> pp. 47–52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/dagestan">"Dagestan"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dagestan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fdagestan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/islam-islam-caucasus-and-middle-volga">"Islam: Islam in the Caucasus and the Middle Volga | Encyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>www.encyclopedia.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Islam%3A+Islam+in+the+Caucasus+and+the+Middle+Volga+%26%23124%3B+Encyclopedia.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fenvironment%2Fencyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps%2Fislam-islam-caucasus-and-middle-volga&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TDV-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TDV_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TDV_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TDV_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/dagistan">"DAĞISTAN – TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi"</a>. <i>TDV İslam Ansiklopedisi</i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TDV+%C4%B0slam+Ansiklopedisi&rft.atitle=DA%C4%9EISTAN+%E2%80%93+TDV+%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m+Ansiklopedisi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamansiklopedisi.org.tr%2Fdagistan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Timothy C. Dowling (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KTq2BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA728"><i>Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond</i></a>. pp. 728–730. ABC-CLIO. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1598849484" title="Special:BookSources/1598849484">1598849484</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Aksan, Virginia (2014). <i>Ottoman Wars, 1700–1870: An Empire Besieged</i>. p. 463. 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October 1, 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Russia+Sends+Ground+Troops+into+Chechnya%2C+Raising+Fears&rft.date=1999-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Flibrary%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F100199russia-chechnya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200527223613/https://gks.ru/bgd/free/B04_03/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d05/53.htm">"Занятость и безработица в Российской Федерации в феврале 2020 года (по итогам обследования рабочей силы)"</a>. May 27, 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gks.ru/bgd/free/B04_03/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d05/53.htm">the original</a> on May 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%B8+%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0+%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5+2020+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%28%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8B%29&rft.date=2020-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgks.ru%2Fbgd%2Ffree%2FB04_03%2FIssWWW.exe%2FStg%2Fd05%2F53.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2022/04/25/7342011/">"Most Russian soldiers killed in action in Ukraine come from Russia's poorest regions"</a>. <i>Ukrainska Pravda</i>. 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May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RFE%2FRL&rft.atitle=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B5%2C+%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%B2+%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5.+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%83+%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD+%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BC+%D0%B2+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%3F&rft.date=2022-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kavkazr.com%2Fa%2Fboljshe-chem-v-afgane-pochemu-dagestan-lidiruet-po-poteryam-v-ukraine-%2F31829226.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphyThomas2022" class="citation news cs1">Murphy, Matt; Thomas, Merlyn (September 26, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63028586">"Ukraine war: Protests in Russia's Dagestan region against new draft"</a>. <i>BBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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March 18, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240317220041/https://ria.ru/20240317/vybory-1924359788.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 17, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%90+%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8&rft.atitle=%D0%98%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2024-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fria.ru%2F20240317%2Fvybory-1924359788.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWare2008" class="citation journal cs1">Ware, Robert Bruce (March 29, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141021082636/http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/2/5/1/0/7/pages251073/p251073-1.php">"Islamic Resistance and Political Hegemony in Dagestan"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p_mla_apa_research_citation/2/5/1/0/7/pages251073/p251073-1.php">the original</a> on October 21, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 28,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Islamic+Resistance+and+Political+Hegemony+in+Dagestan&rft.date=2008-03-29&rft.aulast=Ware&rft.aufirst=Robert+Bruce&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcitation.allacademic.com%2Fmeta%2Fp_mla_apa_research_citation%2F2%2F5%2F1%2F0%2F7%2Fpages251073%2Fp251073-1.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021Census-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2021Census_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussian_Federal_State_Statistics_Service" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Russian Federal State Statistics Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosstat.gov.ru/vpn/2020/Tom1_Chislennost_i_razmeshchenie_naseleniya"><bdi lang="ru">Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1</bdi></a> [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2020+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC+1&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft.au=Russian+Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frosstat.gov.ru%2Fvpn%2F2020%2FTom1_Chislennost_i_razmeshchenie_naseleniya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010Census-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2010Census_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussian_Federal_State_Statistics_Service2011" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/perepis_itogi1612.htm"><bdi lang="ru">Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1</bdi></a> [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. <bdi lang="ru">Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census]</bdi> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+2010+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0.+%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC+1&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Russian+Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fnew_site%2Fperepis2010%2Fcroc%2Fperepis_itogi1612.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PopCensus-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PopCensus_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_State_Statistics_Service2004" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service</a> (May 21, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls"><bdi lang="ru">Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек</bdi></a> [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span>. <bdi lang="ru">Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002]</bdi> (in Russian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%2C+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5+%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%2C+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%E2%80%93+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D1%81+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC+3+%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%B8+%D0%B8+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5+%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA&rft.date=2004-05-21&rft.au=Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perepis2002.ru%2Fct%2Fdoc%2F1_TOM_01_04.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1989-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Census1989_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php"><bdi lang="ru">Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров</bdi></a> [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. <bdi lang="ru">Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989]</bdi> (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via <i>Demoscope Weekly</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+1989+%D0%B3.+%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B8+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%2C+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%91%D0%B2%2C+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%2C+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D1%91%D0%BB-%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.pub=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%3A+%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%5BInstitute+of+Demography+at+the+National+Research+University%3A+Higher+School+of+Economics%5D&rft.date=1989&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdemoscope.ru%2Fweekly%2Fssp%2Frus89_reg.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/210/document/13207">"Демографический ежегодник России"</a> [The Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Federal_State_Statistics_Service_(Russia)" title="Federal State Statistics Service (Russia)">Federal State Statistics Service of Russia</a> (Rosstat)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.pub=Federal+State+Statistics+Service+of+Russia+%28Rosstat%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frosstat.gov.ru%2Ffolder%2F210%2Fdocument%2F13207&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220220124657/https://www.fedstat.ru/indicator/31293">"Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни при рождении"</a> [Life expectancy at birth]. <i>Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System of Russia</i> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fedstat.ru/indicator/31293">the original</a> on February 20, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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June 3, 2008. Access date: April 7, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Broadband Russia Newslatter</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Makhachkala">"Makhachkala | Russia"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naukadgpu.ru/index.php/zashita-dissertaciy/d-212-051-01/208-2016-god/1580-podgotovka-i-zashchita-dissertatsii-kazimagomedovoj-ajshat-abdulgapurovny">the original</a> on March 26, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.naukadgpu.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%82+%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naukadgpu.ru%2Findex.php%2Fzashita-dissertaciy%2Fd-212-051-01%2F208-2016-god%2F1580-podgotovka-i-zashchita-dissertatsii-kazimagomedovoj-ajshat-abdulgapurovny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPonomarev2018" class="citation news cs1">Ponomarev, Text by Sergey (March 18, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/18/world/europe/russia-dagestan-wrestling.html">"A Wrestling Culture That Helps Keep Boys Away From Fighting"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Wrestling+Culture+That+Helps+Keep+Boys+Away+From+Fighting&rft.date=2018-03-18&rft.aulast=Ponomarev&rft.aufirst=Text+by+Sergey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F03%2F18%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Frussia-dagestan-wrestling.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mmafighting.com/2020/4/3/21206172/how-dagestan-is-raising-the-next-generation-of-mma-champions-in-the-wrestling-room">"How Dagestan is raising the next generation of MMA champions in the wrestling room"</a>. <i>www.mmafighting.com</i>. April 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 4,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mmafighting.com&rft.atitle=How+Dagestan+is+raising+the+next+generation+of+MMA+champions+in+the+wrestling+room&rft.date=2020-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mmafighting.com%2F2020%2F4%2F3%2F21206172%2Fhow-dagestan-is-raising-the-next-generation-of-mma-champions-in-the-wrestling-room&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_and_cited_references">General and cited references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: General and cited references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFВ._М._Солнцев2000" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">В. М. Солнцев; et al., eds. (2000). <bdi lang="ru">Письменные языки мира: Российская Федерация. Социолингвистическая энциклопедия.</bdi> (in Russian). Москва: Российская Академия Наук. Институт языкознания. проект №99-04-16158.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%3A+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F.+%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F.&rft.place=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.pub=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA.+%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82+%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F.&rft.date=2000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">10 июля 2003 г. «Конституция Республики Дагестан», в ред. Закона №45 от 7 октября 2008 г.</span></span> (July 10, 2003 <i>Constitution of the Republic of Dagestan</i>, as amended by the Law #45 of October 7, 2008. ).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160108011236/http://dagistanhistory.livejournal.com/26158.html">Catholic Haidak in the Holy Roman Empire</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaziev_Shapi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaziev Shapi">Kaziev, Shapi</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kaziev.ru/index/imam_shamil/0-44">Imam Shamil. "Molodaya Gvardiya" publishers. Moscow, 2001, 2003, 2006, 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaziev_Shapi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaziev Shapi">Kaziev, Shapi</a>. <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Akhoulgo" title="Siege of Akhoulgo">Akhoulgo</a>. <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_War" title="Caucasian War">Caucasian War</a> in the 19th century. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kaziev.ru/index/ahulgo/0-42">The historical novel. <i>Epoch</i>, Publishing house: Makhachkala, 2008</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5-98390-047-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-5-98390-047-9">978-5-98390-047-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaziev_Shapi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaziev Shapi">Kaziev, Shapi</a>. <a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus" title="North Caucasus">Caucasian Highlanders</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kaziev.ru/index/highlanders/0-50">Everyday life of the Caucasian highlanders. 19th century (In the co-authorship with I.Karpeev). "Molodaya Gvardiy" publishers. Moscow, 2003.</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5-235-02585-7" title="Special:BookSources/5-235-02585-7">5-235-02585-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaziev_Shapi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaziev Shapi">Kaziev, Shapi</a>. <i>Crash of tyrant</i>. <a href="/wiki/Nader_Shah" title="Nader Shah">Nader Shah</a> (Крах тирана). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160108011237/http://www.kaziev.ru/index/krasch/0-65">The historical novel about Nader Shah. <i>Epoch</i>, Publishing house: Makhachkala, 2009</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5-98390-066-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-5-98390-066-0">978-5-98390-066-0</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKropotkinBealby1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch</a>; Bealby, John Thomas (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Daghestan"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Daghestan">"Daghestan" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 729–730.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Daghestan&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=729-730&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Kropotkin&rft.aufirst=Peter+Alexeivitch&rft.au=Bealby%2C+John+Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Dagestan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Dagestan">Dagestan</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Dagestan#Q5118" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Dagestan">Dagestan</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.e-dag.ru/">Official governmental website of Dagestan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110512012439/http://www.e-dag.ru/">Archived</a> May 12, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEgbert_Wesselink1998" class="citation web cs1">Egbert Wesselink (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20011005095406/http://www.caspian.net/daginfo.html">"Dagestan (Daghestan): Comprehensive Report"</a>. Caspian.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caspian.net/daginfo.html">the original</a> on October 5, 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 15,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dagestan+%28Daghestan%29%3A+Comprehensive+Report&rft.pub=Caspian.net&rft.date=1998&rft.au=Egbert+Wesselink&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caspian.net%2Fdaginfo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADagestan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/dagestan">Dagestan in Iranica Encyclopaedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamdag.info/story/348">History of Islam in Russia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isn.ethz.ch/pubs/ph/details.cfm?lng=en&id=31618">"The North Caucasus," Russian Analytical Digest No. 22 (5 June 2007)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/country_profiles/3659904.stm">BBC Country Report on Dagestan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/dagestan.html">University of Texas maps of the Dagestan region</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171011195858/http://www2.stetson.edu/~psteeves/relnews/dstanpannier1905.html">Radio Free Europe discusses religious tension in Dagestan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isn.ch/pubs/ph/details.cfm?id=22365">ISN Case Study: The North Caucasus on the Brink (August 2006)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210417112912/http://www.isn.ch/pubs/ph/details.cfm?id=22365">Archived</a> April 17, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kaukaz.net/cgi-bin/blosxom.cgi/english/dagestan">Articles on Dagestan, reports from research, photos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101126094852/http://rd.dgu.ru/">Dagestan in Pictures</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090107011048/http://www.kunstpedia.com/articles/73/1/Daghestans-Kaitag-Embroideries---and-Henri-Matisse/Page1.html">Daghestan's Kaitag Embroideries – and Henri Matisse?</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110512173004/http://skforussia.ru/dagestan.php">Dagestan Republic News Portal</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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aria-labelledby="Subdivisions_of_Russia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions of Russia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Subdivisions_of_Russia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Russia" title="Political divisions of Russia">Subdivisions of Russia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Federal_subjects"><b><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Federal subjects</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">Oblasts</a> (48)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur_Oblast" title="Amur Oblast">Amur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Oblast" title="Astrakhan Oblast">Astrakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgorod_Oblast" title="Belgorod Oblast">Belgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryansk_Oblast" title="Bryansk Oblast">Bryansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_Oblast" title="Chelyabinsk Oblast">Chelyabinsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanovo_Oblast" title="Ivanovo Oblast">Ivanovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Kaliningrad Oblast">Kaliningrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaluga_Oblast" title="Kaluga Oblast">Kaluga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemerovo_Oblast" title="Kemerovo Oblast">Kemerovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kherson_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast">Kherson</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov Oblast">Kirov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostroma_Oblast" title="Kostroma Oblast">Kostroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurgan_Oblast" title="Kurgan Oblast">Kurgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kursk_Oblast" title="Kursk Oblast">Kursk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipetsk_Oblast" title="Lipetsk Oblast">Lipetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magadan_Oblast" title="Magadan Oblast">Magadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murmansk_Oblast" title="Murmansk Oblast">Murmansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod_Oblast" title="Nizhny Novgorod Oblast">Nizhny Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novgorod_Oblast" title="Novgorod Oblast">Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk_Oblast" title="Novosibirsk Oblast">Novosibirsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omsk_Oblast" title="Omsk Oblast">Omsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orenburg_Oblast" title="Orenburg Oblast">Orenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oryol_Oblast" title="Oryol Oblast">Oryol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penza_Oblast" title="Penza Oblast">Penza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pskov_Oblast" title="Pskov Oblast">Pskov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rostov_Oblast" title="Rostov Oblast">Rostov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryazan_Oblast" title="Ryazan Oblast">Ryazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin_Oblast" title="Sakhalin Oblast">Sakhalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samara_Oblast" title="Samara Oblast">Samara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saratov_Oblast" title="Saratov Oblast">Saratov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolensk_Oblast" title="Smolensk Oblast">Smolensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sverdlovsk_Oblast" title="Sverdlovsk Oblast">Sverdlovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambov_Oblast" title="Tambov Oblast">Tambov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomsk_Oblast" title="Tomsk Oblast">Tomsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tula_Oblast" title="Tula Oblast">Tula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tver_Oblast" title="Tver Oblast">Tver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyumen_Oblast" title="Tyumen Oblast">Tyumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulyanovsk_Oblast" title="Ulyanovsk Oblast">Ulyanovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Oblast" title="Vladimir Oblast">Vladimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volgograd_Oblast" title="Volgograd Oblast">Volgograd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vologda_Oblast" title="Vologda Oblast">Vologda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh_Oblast" title="Voronezh Oblast">Voronezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl_Oblast" title="Yaroslavl Oblast">Yaroslavl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporozhye</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a> (24)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adygea" title="Adygea">Adygea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Republic" title="Altai Republic">Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashkortostan" title="Bashkortostan">Bashkortostan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buryatia" title="Buryatia">Buryatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuvashia" title="Chuvashia">Chuvashia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Crimea</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dagestan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">Ingushetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">Kabardino-Balkaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachay-Cherkessia" title="Karachay-Cherkessia">Karachay-Cherkessia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Karelia" title="Republic of Karelia">Karelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khakassia" title="Khakassia">Khakassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_Republic" title="Komi Republic">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El">Mari El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordovia" title="Mordovia">Mordovia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="North Ossetia–Alania">North Ossetia–Alania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakha_Republic" title="Sakha Republic">Sakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuva" title="Tuva">Tuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurtia" title="Udmurtia">Udmurtia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Krais_of_Russia" title="Krais of Russia">Krais</a> (9)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altai_Krai" title="Altai Krai">Altai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamchatka_Krai" title="Kamchatka Krai">Kamchatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk_Krai" title="Khabarovsk Krai">Khabarovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar_Krai" title="Krasnodar Krai">Krasnodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnoyarsk_Krai" title="Krasnoyarsk Krai">Krasnoyarsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perm_Krai" title="Perm Krai">Perm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primorsky_Krai" title="Primorsky Krai">Primorsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Zabaykalsky Krai">Zabaykalsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a> (4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chukotka_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Chukotka Autonomous Okrug">Chukotka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanty-Mansi_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug">Khanty-Mansi</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Nenets Autonomous Okrug">Nenets</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamalo-Nenets_Autonomous_Okrug" title="Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug">Yamalo-Nenets</a><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal cities</a> (3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia#Types" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Autonomous oblast</a> (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblast" title="Jewish Autonomous Oblast">Jewish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>1</sup>Considered by most of the international community to be part of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li><sup>2</sup>Administratively subordinated to <a href="/wiki/Tyumen_Oblast" title="Tyumen Oblast">Tyumen Oblast</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li><sup>3</sup>Administratively subordinated to <a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk Oblast</a>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Non-constitutional_official_divisions_by_various_institutions"><b>Non-constitutional official divisions by various institutions</b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_districts_of_Russia" title="Federal districts of Russia">Federal districts</a> (by <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_regions_of_Russia" title="Economic regions of Russia">Economic regions</a> (by <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economic_Development_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Economic Development (Russia)">Ministry of Economic Development</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_districts_of_Russia" title="Military districts of Russia">Military districts</a> (by <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_districts_of_Russia" title="Judicial districts of Russia">Judicial districts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Administrative_divisions_of_Dagestan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Republic_of_Dagestan" title="Template:Republic of Dagestan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Republic_of_Dagestan" title="Template talk:Republic of Dagestan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Republic_of_Dagestan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Republic of Dagestan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Administrative_divisions_of_Dagestan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Dagestan" title="Administrative divisions of Dagestan">Administrative divisions</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dagestan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="4"><div><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></b> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_rural_localities_in_Dagestan" title="List of rural localities in Dagestan">Rural localities</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of the Republic of Dagestan"><img alt="Coat of arms of the Republic of Dagestan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg/80px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Dagestan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="624" /></a></span></div></td><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agulsky_District" title="Agulsky District">Agulsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhtynsky_District" title="Akhtynsky District">Akhtynsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhvakhsky_District" title="Akhvakhsky District">Akhvakhsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akushinsky_District" title="Akushinsky District">Akushinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babayurtovsky_District" title="Babayurtovsky District">Babayurtovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botlikhsky_District" title="Botlikhsky District">Botlikhsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buynaksky_District" title="Buynaksky District">Buynaksky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charodinsky_District" title="Charodinsky District">Charodinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakhadayevsky_District" title="Dakhadayevsky District">Dakhadayevsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derbentsky_District" title="Derbentsky District">Derbentsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokuzparinsky_District" title="Dokuzparinsky District">Dokuzparinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gergebilsky_District" title="Gergebilsky District">Gergebilsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumbetovsky_District" title="Gumbetovsky District">Gumbetovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunibsky_District" title="Gunibsky District">Gunibsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karabudakhkentsky_District" title="Karabudakhkentsky District">Karabudakhkentsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayakentsky_District" title="Kayakentsky District">Kayakentsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaytagsky_District" title="Kaytagsky District">Kaytagsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazbekovsky_District" title="Kazbekovsky District">Kazbekovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khasavyurtovsky_District" title="Khasavyurtovsky District">Khasavyurtovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khivsky_District" title="Khivsky District">Khivsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khunzakhsky_District" title="Khunzakhsky District">Khunzakhsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizilyurtovsky_District" title="Kizilyurtovsky District">Kizilyurtovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizlyarsky_District" title="Kizlyarsky District">Kizlyarsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulinsky_District" title="Kulinsky District">Kulinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumtorkalinsky_District" title="Kumtorkalinsky District">Kumtorkalinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurakhsky_District" title="Kurakhsky District">Kurakhsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laksky_District" title="Laksky District">Laksky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levashinsky_District" title="Levashinsky District">Levashinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magaramkentsky_District" title="Magaramkentsky District">Magaramkentsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nogaysky_District,_Dagestan" title="Nogaysky District, Dagestan">Nogaysky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novolaksky_District" title="Novolaksky District">Novolaksky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutulsky_District" title="Rutulsky District">Rutulsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergokalinsky_District" title="Sergokalinsky District">Sergokalinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamilsky_District" title="Shamilsky District">Shamilsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suleyman-Stalsky_District" title="Suleyman-Stalsky District">Suleyman-Stalsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasaransky_District" title="Tabasaransky District">Tabasaransky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarumovsky_District" title="Tarumovsky District">Tarumovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tlyaratinsky_District" title="Tlyaratinsky District">Tlyaratinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsumadinsky_District" title="Tsumadinsky District">Tsumadinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsuntinsky_District" title="Tsuntinsky District">Tsuntinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Untsukulsky_District" title="Untsukulsky District">Untsukulsky</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Dagestan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Republic of Dagestan"><img alt="Flag of the Republic of Dagestan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/80px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buynaksk" title="Buynaksk">Buynaksk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagestanskiye_Ogni" title="Dagestanskiye Ogni">Dagestanskiye Ogni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derbent" title="Derbent">Derbent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izberbash" title="Izberbash">Izberbash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaspiysk" title="Kaspiysk">Kaspiysk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khasavyurt" title="Khasavyurt">Khasavyurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizilyurt" title="Kizilyurt">Kizilyurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizlyar" title="Kizlyar">Kizlyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzhno-Sukhokumsk" title="Yuzhno-Sukhokumsk">Yuzhno-Sukhokumsk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Urban-type_settlement" title="Urban-type settlement">Urban-type settlements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achi-Su" title="Achi-Su">Achi-Su</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alburikent" title="Alburikent">Alburikent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavtugay" title="Bavtugay">Bavtugay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belidzhi" title="Belidzhi">Belidzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubki,_Republic_of_Dagestan" title="Dubki, Republic of Dagestan">Dubki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komsomolsky,_Republic_of_Dagestan" title="Komsomolsky, Republic of Dagestan">Komsomolsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubachi_(urban-type_settlement)" title="Kubachi (urban-type settlement)">Kubachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyakhulay" title="Kyakhulay">Kyakhulay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leninkent,_Makhachkala,_Republic_of_Dagestan" title="Leninkent, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan">Leninkent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamedkala" title="Mamedkala">Mamedkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manas_(urban-type_settlement)" title="Manas (urban-type settlement)">Manas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novy_Kyakhulay" title="Novy Kyakhulay">Novy Kyakhulay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novy_Sulak" title="Novy Sulak">Novy Sulak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semender" title="Semender">Semender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamilkala" title="Shamilkala">Shamilkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamkhal,_Russia" title="Shamkhal, Russia">Shamkhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulak,_Republic_of_Dagestan" title="Sulak, Republic of Dagestan">Sulak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarki" title="Tarki">Tarki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyube" title="Tyube">Tyube</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_regions_of_the_Caucasus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_and_regions_of_the_Caucasus" title="Template:Countries and regions of the Caucasus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_and_regions_of_the_Caucasus" title="Template talk:Countries and regions of the Caucasus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_and_regions_of_the_Caucasus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries and regions of the Caucasus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_regions_of_the_Caucasus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries and regions of the <a href="/wiki/Caucasus" title="Caucasus">Caucasus</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:1em;">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:15em;"><div> <div style="vertical-align:left; horizontal-align:left; align:left;"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Soviet_Caucasus_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Soviet Caucasia"><img alt="Soviet Caucasia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Soviet_Caucasus_map.svg/105px-Soviet_Caucasus_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="105" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Soviet_Caucasus_map.svg/158px-Soviet_Caucasus_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Soviet_Caucasus_map.svg/210px-Soviet_Caucasus_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="629" /></a><figcaption>Soviet Caucasia</figcaption></figure></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:15em;"><div> <div style="vertical-align:middle;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Adjara.svg/23px-Flag_of_Adjara.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Adjara.svg/35px-Flag_of_Adjara.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Adjara.svg/45px-Flag_of_Adjara.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Adjara" title="Adjara">Adjara</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Adygea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Adygea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Adygea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Adygea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_Adygea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Adygea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Adygea" title="Adygea">Adygea</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:15em;"><div> <div style="vertical-align:middle;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Chechen_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_Dagestan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Dagestan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dagestan</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ingushetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ingushetia" title="Ingushetia">Ingushetia</a></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:15em;"><div> <div style="vertical-align:middle;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kabardino-Balkaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkaria" title="Kabardino-Balkaria">Kabardino-Balkaria</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kalmykia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="320" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Karachay-Cherkessia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Karachay-Cherkessia" title="Karachay-Cherkessia">Karachay-Cherkessia</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Krasnodar_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar_Krai" title="Krasnodar Krai">Krasnodar Krai</a></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:15em;"><div> <div style="vertical-align:middle;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_Autonomous_Republic" title="Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic">Nakhchivan</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Ossetia%E2%80%93Alania" title="North Ossetia–Alania">North Ossetia – Alania</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg/23px-Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg/35px-Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg/45px-Flag_of_Stavropol_Krai.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol Krai</a></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:15em;"><div> <div style="vertical-align:right; horizontal-align:right; align:right;"></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup><small>1</small></sup></span> Partially-recognized states</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5118#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5118#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5118#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/248084522">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4070193-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n93021768">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11973492m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11973492m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00871130">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Dagestán (Rusko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge130548&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000514249&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007535579605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/37572420-4b2c-47e5-bf2b-536c9a50a362">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027761525">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/dagistan">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&oldid=1259625448">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dagestan&oldid=1259625448</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Dagestan" title="Category:Dagestan">Dagestan</a></li><li><a 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