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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Kirjaudu sisään</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Lisää valintoja" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Henkilökohtaiset työkalut" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Henkilökohtaiset työkalut</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Käyttäjävalikko" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=fi.wikipedia.org&uselang=fi"><span>Lahjoitukset</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:Luo_tunnus&returnto=Pfalz" title="On suositeltavaa luoda käyttäjätunnus ja kirjautua sisään. Se ei kuitenkaan ole pakollista."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Luo tunnus</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:Kirjaudu_sis%C3%A4%C3%A4n&returnto=Pfalz" title="On suositeltavaa kirjautua sisään. Se ei kuitenkaan ole pakollista. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Kirjaudu sisään</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sivut kirjautumattomille muokkaajille <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tervetuloa_Wikipediaan" aria-label="Lue lisää muokkaamisesta"><span>lue lisää</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Omat_muokkaukset" title="Luettelo tästä IP-osoitteesta tehdyistä muokkauksista [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Muokkaukset</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Oma_keskustelu" title="Keskustelu tämän IP-osoitteen muokkauksista [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Keskustelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sivusto"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sisällysluettelo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisällysluettelo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">siirrä sivupalkkiin</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">piilota</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Johdanto</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Nimen_historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nimen_historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Nimen historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nimen_historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maantiede" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maantiede"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Maantiede</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maantiede-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisällysluettelo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Sisällysluettelo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vaihda sisällysluettelo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vaihda sisällysluettelo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pfalz</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mene artikkeliin toisella kielellä. Saatavilla 35 kielellä" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 kieltä</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalz_(Region)" title="Pfalz (Region) — sveitsinsaksa" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Pfalz (Region)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsinsaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_(%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9)" title="بالاتينات (منطقة) — arabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بالاتينات (منطقة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinate_(wilayah)" title="Palatinate (wilayah) — indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Palatinate (wilayah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86" title="Пфалц — bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пфалц" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinat_(regi%C3%B3)" title="Palatinat (regió) — katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Palatinat (regió)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%BDnsk%C3%A1_Falc" title="Rýnská Falc — tšekki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rýnská Falc" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšekki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalz" title="Pfalz — tanska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Pfalz" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="tanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palz" title="Palz — pennsylvaniansaksa" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Palz" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="pennsylvaniansaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalz_(Region)" title="Pfalz (Region) — saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pfalz (Region)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinate_(region)" title="Palatinate (region) — englanti" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Palatinate (region)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="englanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinado_Renano" title="Palatinado Renano — espanja" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Palatinado Renano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinato" title="Palatinato — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Palatinato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaniar_Palatinatu" title="Renaniar Palatinatu — baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Renaniar Palatinatu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="پفالتس — persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پفالتس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinat_rh%C3%A9nan" title="Palatinat rhénan — ranska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Palatinat rhénan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ranska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palts" title="Palts — länsifriisi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Palts" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="länsifriisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinado_renano" title="Palatinado renano — galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Palatinado renano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EC%B8%A0_(%EC%A7%80%EC%97%AD)" title="팔츠 (지역) — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="팔츠 (지역)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalz" title="Pfalz — islanti" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Pfalz" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinato_(regione)" title="Palatinato (regione) — italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Palatinato (regione)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalz_(her%C3%AAm)" title="Pfalz (herêm) — kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pfalz (herêm)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalca" title="Pfalca — latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pfalca" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palts_(streek)" title="Palts (streek) — hollanti" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Palts (streek)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%AB%E3%83%84%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9" title="プファルツ地方 — japani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プファルツ地方" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalz_(Region)" title="Pfalz (Region) — pfaltsi" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Pfalz (Region)" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="pfaltsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatynat" title="Palatynat — puola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Palatynat" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="puola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinado_(regi%C3%A3o)" title="Palatinado (região) — portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Palatinado (região)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalz_(regiune)" title="Pfalz (regiune) — romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pfalz (regiune)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86_(%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Пфальц (регион) — venäjä" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пфальц (регион)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="venäjä" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatinate_(region)" title="Palatinate (region) — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Palatinate (region)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falcko" title="Falcko — slovakki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Falcko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalz_(region)" title="Pfalz (region) — ruotsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pfalz (region)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ruotsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatina" title="Palatina — turkki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Palatina" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86" title="Пфальц — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пфальц" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%B3%95%E7%88%BE%E8%8C%A8%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80" title="普法爾茨地區 — kiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="普法爾茨地區" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q326359#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muokkaa kieltenvälisiä linkkejä" class="wbc-editpage">Muokkaa linkkejä</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimiavaruudet"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pfalz" title="Näytä sisältösivu [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkeli</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keskustelu:Pfalz&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Keskustele sisällöstä (sivua ei ole) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Keskustelu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Valitse kieliversio" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">suomi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Näkymät"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pfalz"><span>Lue</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&veaction=edit" title="Muokkaa tätä sivua [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muokkaa</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&action=edit" title="Muokkaa tämän sivun lähdekoodia [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&action=history" title="Sivun aikaisemmat versiot [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Näytä historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sivutyökalut"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Työkalut" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" 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<div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Lisää valintoja" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Toiminnot </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pfalz"><span>Lue</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&veaction=edit" title="Muokkaa tätä sivua [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muokkaa</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&action=edit" title="Muokkaa tämän sivun lähdekoodia [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&action=history"><span>Näytä historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yleinen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:T%C3%A4nne_viittaavat_sivut/Pfalz" title="Lista sivuista, jotka viittaavat tänne [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Tänne viittaavat sivut</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Linkitetyt_muutokset/Pfalz" rel="nofollow" title="Viimeisimmät muokkaukset sivuissa, joille viitataan tältä sivulta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Linkitettyjen sivujen muutokset</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&oldid=18580588" title="Ikilinkki tämän sivun tähän versioon"><span>Ikilinkki</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&action=info" title="Enemmän tietoa tästä sivusta"><span>Sivun tiedot</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:Viittaus&page=Pfalz&id=18580588&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Tietoa tämän sivun lainaamisesta"><span>Viitetiedot</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPfalz"><span>Lyhennä URL-osoite</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPfalz"><span>Lataa QR-koodi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tulosta/vie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toiminnot:DownloadAsPdf&page=Pfalz&action=show-download-screen"><span>Lataa PDF-tiedostona</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&printable=yes" title="Tulostettava versio [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Tulostettava versio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Muissa hankkeissa </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pfalz_(Region)" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q326359" title="Linkki yhdistettyyn keskustietovaraston kohteeseen [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-kohde</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sivutyökalut"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Ulkoasu"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ulkoasu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">siirrä sivupalkkiin</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">piilota</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipediasta</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fi" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Tiedosto:Palatinate_in_Rhineland-Palatinate.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Palatinate_in_Rhineland-Palatinate.png/250px-Palatinate_in_Rhineland-Palatinate.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Palatinate_in_Rhineland-Palatinate.png 1.5x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Pfalzin sijainti purppuralla</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Pfalz</b> [pfalts] on alue <a href="/wiki/Saksa" title="Saksa">Saksan</a> länsiosassa. Nykyään sillä tarkoitetaan useimmiten <a href="/wiki/Rheinland-Pfalz" title="Rheinland-Pfalz">Rheinland-Pfalzin</a> osavaltion eteläosaa. Myös <a href="/wiki/Baijeri" title="Baijeri">Baijerissa</a> on <a href="/wiki/Oberpfalz" title="Oberpfalz">Oberpfalz</a> (Ylä-Pfalz) -niminen alue. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nimen_historia">Nimen historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muokkaa osiota Nimen historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muokkaa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&action=edit&section=1" title="Muokkaa osion lähdekoodia: Nimen historia"><span>muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Pfalz</i> tulee <a href="/wiki/Latina" title="Latina">latinan</a> palatsia tai linnaa merkitsevästä sanasta <i>palatium</i>. Se ei alun perin ollut maantieteellinen käsite, vaan keskiajalla sillä tarkoitettiin linnaa, jossa keisari piti ajoittain hovia. Tämän kaltaisia linnoja oli monissa paikoissa eri puolilla Saksaa. Linnan ja siihen kuuluvien läänitysten hallitsijaa sanottiin pfalzkreiviksi. <a href="/wiki/Rein" title="Rein">Reinin</a> pfalzkreivin saatua vuonna 1356 <a href="/wiki/Vaaliruhtinas" title="Vaaliruhtinas">vaaliruhtinaan</a> arvon hänen hallitsemaansa aluetta alettiin kutsua "Pfalzin vaaliruhtinaskunnaksi" tai "<a href="/wiki/Kurpfalz" title="Kurpfalz">Kurpfalziksi</a>", jolloin "pfalz" kehittyi maantieteelliseksi käsitteeksi. Kun Kurpfalzin ruhtinaskunta vuonna 1803 jaettiin Baijerin ja <a href="/wiki/Baden" title="Baden">Badenin</a> valtioiden välillä, Pfalz-nimi siirtyi merkitsemään Baijerin hallitsemaa, Reinin länsipuolista Kurpfalzin aluetta, joka on nykyään osa Rheinland-Pfalzin osavaltiota. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maantiede">Maantiede</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muokkaa osiota Maantiede" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muokkaa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&action=edit&section=2" title="Muokkaa osion lähdekoodia: Maantiede"><span>muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pfalzin alue kattaa Rheinland-Pfalzin eteläosan, kun taas osavaltion pohjoisosa kuuluu historiallisesti <a href="/wiki/Reininmaa" title="Reininmaa">Reininmaahan</a>. Lännessä Pfalz rajoittuu <a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarlandin</a> osavaltioon ja etelässä <a href="/wiki/Ranska" title="Ranska">Ranskaan</a>, kun taas idässä Rein muodostaa Pfalzin ja <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württembergin</a> osavaltiorajan. <a href="/wiki/Pf%C3%A4lzerwald" title="Pfälzerwald">Pfälzerwald</a> -keskivuoristo kattaa noin kolmasosan Pfalzin alueesta. Pfalzin korkein vuori on 687 metriä korkea <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donnersberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donnersberg (sivua ei ole)">Donnersberg</a>. </p></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Noudettu kohteesta ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&oldid=18580588">https://fi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pfalz&oldid=18580588</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Luokat" title="Toiminnot:Luokat">Luokka</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luokka:Rheinland-Pfalz" title="Luokka:Rheinland-Pfalz">Rheinland-Pfalz</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sivua on viimeksi muutettu 5. joulukuuta 2019 kello 21.06.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teksti on saatavilla <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fi">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike</a> -lisenssillä; lisäehtoja voi sisältyä. 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aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pfalz</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>35 kieltä</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Lisää aihe</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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