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searchaux" style="display:none">Swedish painter (1659–1743)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Michael Dahl</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Michael_Dahl_self-portr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Michael_Dahl_self-portr.jpg/220px-Michael_Dahl_self-portr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Michael_Dahl_self-portr.jpg/330px-Michael_Dahl_self-portr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Michael_Dahl_self-portr.jpg/440px-Michael_Dahl_self-portr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1229" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Michael Dahl's <a href="/wiki/Self-portrait" title="Self-portrait">self-portrait</a> dated 1691. <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1656 or 1659<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Stockholm,_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Stockholm, Sweden">Stockholm, Sweden</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">20 October 1743 (84 or 87 years)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Swedish</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Portrait painting</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Portraits of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_John_Pole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir John Pole (page does not exist)">Sir John Pole</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Queen Anne of Great Britain</a> and her husband <a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Denmark" title="Prince George of Denmark">Prince George of Denmark</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Michael Dahl</b> (c. 1659–1743) was a Swedish portrait painter who lived and worked in England most of his career and died there. He was one of the most internationally known Swedish painters of his time. He painted portraits of many aristocrats and some members of royal families, such as <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Queen Anne of Great Britain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Denmark" title="Prince George of Denmark">Prince George of Denmark</a> and the exiled <a href="/wiki/Christina,_Queen_of_Sweden" title="Christina, Queen of Sweden">Queen Christina of Sweden</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Childhood">Childhood</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Dahl&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Childhood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Michael Dahl was born in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, in 1656 or 1659: most of the sources point to 1659.<sup id="cite_ref-NE_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Runeberg_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Runeberg-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Page_2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother, Catarina Dahl, is assumed to have made many silent sacrifices to give Michael the opportunity of a good education, so that his talent was not to be wasted.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to letters written by Michael from <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> to his mother back in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, she had raised him and his sister in an old-fashioned way and in the spirit of Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_studies">First studies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Dahl&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: First studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Michael_Dahl_-_An_Unknown_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Michael_Dahl_-_An_Unknown_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/280px-Michael_Dahl_-_An_Unknown_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Michael_Dahl_-_An_Unknown_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/420px-Michael_Dahl_-_An_Unknown_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Michael_Dahl_-_An_Unknown_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/560px-Michael_Dahl_-_An_Unknown_Man_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4796" data-file-height="5713" /></a><figcaption>Michael Dahl – portrait of an unknown man</figcaption></figure> <p>At the age of at least 15 years, Dahl had to decide where he was going to study art, though the only options in Sweden at the time were an apprenticeship in the Painters' Guild or joining the Martin Hannibal and <a href="/wiki/David_Kl%C3%B6cker_Ehrenstrahl" title="David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl">David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl</a> group.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_6_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dahl received his first lessons in art in 1674 from the <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungarian</a>-born drawing-master Martin Hannibal, who had been requested to come to <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> from <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> by the prominent Swedish painter David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl to aid him in the foundation of a portrait academy and to teach students and amateurs the first elements of painting.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_4_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hannibal and Ehrenstrahl group consisted of a handful of students who were taught by Martin Hannibal and David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl. Since there were two teachers, the group was divided. The students were first under the leadership of Hannibal to learn the basics of painting, and if they showed skill, they had the chance of being picked out to continue their study with Ehrenstrahl.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_6_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This would suggest that Ehrenstrahl was a better painter than Hannibal, whose talent is not easily assessed as none of his work has been identified.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_4_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The only competition of the same league as the Hannibal and Ehrenstrahl group, was <a href="/wiki/Martin_Mijtens_the_Elder" title="Martin Mijtens the Elder">Martin Mijtens the Elder</a>, who did not settle in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a> until 1681 and was therefore not an option for Dahl in the mid-seventies. The Painters' Guild was not an option for Dahl either, due to its lack of contemporary well-known artists as members.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_6_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_6-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus Dahl started to study in the Hannibal and Ehrenstrahl group in 1674. Though it is not fully confirmed, there are assumptions that the teaching Dahl received from Hannibal was finished before they ever had permission from the authorities in Sweden to open a portrait academy.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_4_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his time with Hannibal, Dahl was one of the students who were allowed to continue with Ehrenstrahl as the teacher. From this it is possible to tell that Hannibal and Ehrenstrahl were pleased with Dahl as a student.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_4_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the group there were mainly students of <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">German origin</a> and the ones contemporary with Dahl were Ludvig Weyandt, <a href="/wiki/David_von_Krafft" title="David von Krafft">David von Krafft</a>, David Richter the Elder, Hans Georg Mϋller, <a href="/wiki/Andreas_von_Behn" class="mw-redirect" title="Andreas von Behn">Andreas von Behn</a> and Erik Utterhielm.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_7_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_7-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Travels">Travels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Dahl&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Travels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="England">England</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Dahl&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dahl,_Michael_-_Queen_Anne_-_NPG_6187.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Queen_Anne_-_NPG_6187.jpg/240px-Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Queen_Anne_-_NPG_6187.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="397" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Queen_Anne_-_NPG_6187.jpg/360px-Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Queen_Anne_-_NPG_6187.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Queen_Anne_-_NPG_6187.jpg/480px-Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Queen_Anne_-_NPG_6187.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3966" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Anne, Queen of Great Britain</a>, painted by Dahl in 1705</figcaption></figure> <p>On 30 July 1682, Dahl was issued a passport to be able to travel throughout Europe for the sake of his studies.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_8_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_8-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His first destination on this educational journey was <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NE_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was brought there by an English merchant called Sowter, though his name may vary. It is probable that it was through this man that Dahl came in contact with the skilled engraver and painter <a href="/wiki/Robert_White_(engraver)" title="Robert White (engraver)">Robert White</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_8_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_8-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest trace of Dahl's activity in England is a portrait of <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Clarke" title="Samuel Clarke">Samuel Clarke</a>, which he copied from White's engraving the same year as it was made.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_8_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_8-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> White took Dahl under his wing in the world of painting in London. As a token of gratitude, Dahl aided White with valuable ideas when it came to engraving a portrait of the king of Sweden, <a href="/wiki/Charles_XI_of_Sweden" title="Charles XI of Sweden">Charles XI</a>, employing his familiarity with the royal paintings Dahl had observed in the studio of Ehrenstrahl. White helped Dahl expand his network in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and he soon came in contact with the man who is probably responsible for the greatest impact on his development, <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Kneller" title="Godfrey Kneller">Godfrey Kneller</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_8_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_8-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George,_Prince_of_Denmark_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/George%2C_Prince_of_Denmark_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg/240px-George%2C_Prince_of_Denmark_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/George%2C_Prince_of_Denmark_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg/360px-George%2C_Prince_of_Denmark_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/George%2C_Prince_of_Denmark_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg/480px-George%2C_Prince_of_Denmark_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2989" /></a><figcaption>Portrait of Anne's consort, <a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Denmark" title="Prince George of Denmark">Prince George of Denmark</a>, painted by Michael Dahl in 1705</figcaption></figure> <p>Kneller showed Dahl what the public really wanted from artists, and how they were going to get paid for their work.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_9_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_9-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His studio was factory-like compared with Ehrenstrahl's, which Dahl's biographer Wilhelm Nisser terms "Ehrenstrahl's monopoly of glorifying Swedish Royalty".<sup id="cite_ref-Page_9_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_9-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Kneller's studio, Dahl both studied and made a living and there he became acquainted with <a href="/wiki/Henry_Tilson_(painter)" title="Henry Tilson (painter)">Henry Tilson</a>. Tilson was from a highly respected family and had earlier studied under the Court portrait painter <a href="/wiki/Peter_Lely" title="Peter Lely">Sir Peter Lely</a>. He was considered one of the most promising painters of Lely's pupils.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_9_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_9-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dahl and Tilson started to plan a journey around Europe to expand their studies. They were to go to Paris, Venice and Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_10_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_10-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paris_and_Rome">Paris and Rome</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Dahl&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Paris and Rome"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lack of documentation makes it impossible to determine when Dahl and Henry Tilson left for <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, but it is known that they were still working in Paris in April 1685.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_10_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_10-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Paris at that time was a common objective for Swedish travelers. Dahl came in contact with the engraver <a href="/wiki/Raimund_Faltz" title="Raimund Faltz">Raimund Faltz</a> and the Swedish soldier <a href="/wiki/Carl_Johann_von_K%C3%B6nigsmarck" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Johann von Königsmarck">Carl Johan Königsmarck</a>, who had his portrait painted by Dahl.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_10_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_10-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like many of the younger generation of French painters, Dahl and Tilson decided to continue on to <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a><sup id="cite_ref-Page_10_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_10-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> then <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_11_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_11-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time, the <a href="/wiki/Christina,_Queen_of_Sweden" title="Christina, Queen of Sweden">Swedish queen Christina</a>, who had abdicated to convert to <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a>, was living in Rome. She still had a strong bond to Sweden and its people and was helpful when it came to assisting Swedish artists in the city. Therefore, the first thing Dahl did upon his arrival was to seek an audience with her.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_11_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_11-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was able to get the audience, but Christina was only a link to the higher powers in the city, such as the Pope, so to get the assistance Dahl needed from Christina, Dahl had to convert to the Roman Catholic Church as she had done. After some persuasion he eventually did, but the promises which were undoubtedly made to him were not withheld. At several occasions, <a href="/wiki/Christina,_Queen_of_Sweden" title="Christina, Queen of Sweden">Christina</a> let Dahl paint her portrait and she was able to establish an opportunity for Dahl to show a specimen of his work to <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_XI" title="Pope Innocent XI">Pope Innocent XI</a>. The Pope was impressed and awarded Dahl a gold medal.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_12_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_12-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dahl was not the only artist Christina was able to convert. David Richter the Elder who Dahl had studied with at <a href="/wiki/David_Kl%C3%B6cker_Ehrenstrahl" title="David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl">Ehrenstrahl</a>'s, was converted when he visited Rome a few years earlier, in 1679.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_11_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_11-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dahl,_Michael_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/240px-Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/360px-Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/480px-Dahl%2C_Michael_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3778" data-file-height="4725" /></a><figcaption>Dahl, <i>Portrait of a Lady</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Dahl had now been travelling for over five years, and his purse was getting thin. On 6 October 1687 he wrote a letter to his mother; in it he expresses his strong desire to return home, but that the conditions in Sweden are too poor due to the Swedish Resumption/Patents act, which restricted all possibilities of a career in Sweden for Dahl.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Christina seems to have given her consent, as a passport for a journey Rome–London was issued on 29 October to Henry Tilson, just over three weeks after Dahl wrote the letter to his mother.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_13_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_13-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Page_14_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_14-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November the same year two other Swedish painters, <a href="/wiki/Burchardt_Precht" class="mw-redirect" title="Burchardt Precht">Burchardt Precht</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nicodemus_Tessin_the_Younger" title="Nicodemus Tessin the Younger">Nicodemus Tessin the Younger</a>, came to study in Rome and they do not appear to have been in any contact with Dahl or Tilson, so presumably the two young painters left immediately after the passport had been issued.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_14_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_14-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Back_in_England">Back in England</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Dahl&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Back in England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Brydges,_1st_Duke_of_Chandos_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/James_Brydges%2C_1st_Duke_of_Chandos_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg/240px-James_Brydges%2C_1st_Duke_of_Chandos_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="402" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/James_Brydges%2C_1st_Duke_of_Chandos_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg/360px-James_Brydges%2C_1st_Duke_of_Chandos_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/James_Brydges%2C_1st_Duke_of_Chandos_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg/480px-James_Brydges%2C_1st_Duke_of_Chandos_by_Michael_Dahl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1528" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption><i>Portrait of <a href="/wiki/James_Brydges,_1st_Duke_of_Chandos" title="James Brydges, 1st Duke of Chandos">James Brydges, Duke of Chandos</a></i> by Michael Dahl, about 1716.</figcaption></figure> <p>After the departure from Rome, the two painters were to be found briefly in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> in July 1688; there Dahl met the young Swedish nobleman Claes Ekeblad of Stola who paid him a <a href="/wiki/Ducat" title="Ducat">ducat</a> to paint for him for three weeks. In his diary he refers to Dahl as a "famous painter of Swedish extraction".<sup id="cite_ref-Page_14_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_14-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This suggests that Dahl's reputation had greatly increased by his successes in Rome and that the journey was far from wasted both in the aspect of fame and in the aspect of study. </p><p>In March 1689 Dahl and Tilson were back in London, and Dahl started to work on living up to his new reputation. He quickly became friends with the poet Christoffer Leijoncrona who was Secretary of the Swedish Legation.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_14_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_14-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For Dahl, Leijoncrona was a very helpful ally when it came to keeping in touch with his native country.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dahl adapted to his new life and after three years in London he had transformed into a young London dandy, who paid his attentions to a certain Mlle. Fanchou, though she was not the woman he was to marry.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1696, thanks to Leijoncrona, he was able to settle in the neighborhood of the Swedish Legation in the fashionable quarter of <a href="/wiki/Leicester_Square" title="Leicester Square">Leicester Field</a> (now <i>Leicester Square</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leijoncrona also helped Dahl to win fame back in Sweden, and two years after he settled in London, on 5 October 1698, the well-known <a href="/wiki/Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">metallurgist</a> Erik Odhelius writes in a letter: <i>"Courteous greetings to Mr Dahl, whose renown daily increases here."</i><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dahl kept advancing in reputation, and in 1696 he painted the portrait of the <a href="/wiki/Charles_Seymour,_6th_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset">Duke of Somerset</a> who found him to his liking even though the Duke was known for being a very despotic and difficult man to handle.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_24_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_24-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Duke continued to hire Dahl and for over 20 years he painted members of the Duke's family.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_24_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_24-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1705 he got the chance of painting several versions of the portrait of <a href="/wiki/Prince_George_of_Denmark" title="Prince George of Denmark">Prince George of Denmark</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was undoubtedly through the prince that he came into the circles around <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Queen Anne</a>, whose portrait he also painted.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_24_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_24-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1705 Dahl married a young English girl whose name has still not been recovered.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_27_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_27-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together they had a son, Michael, and two daughters, Dorothy and Catherine.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_17_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_17-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family was very respected by art-interested people in the neighborhood and lived a pleasant life there until 1725, when they moved to Beak Street, which today is at the south end of <a href="/wiki/Carnaby_Street" title="Carnaby Street">Carnaby Street</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_17_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_17-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Kneller" title="Godfrey Kneller">Sir Godfrey Kneller</a> died in 1723, <a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Great_Britain" title="George I of Great Britain">George I</a> needed to find a new court painter and he was looking in Dahl's direction. This, however, was quickly aborted when Dahl refused to paint the portrait of the <a href="/wiki/Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cumberland" title="Prince William, Duke of Cumberland">Duke of Cumberland</a>, who was only two. Dahl had taken the request as somewhat a disgrace of his talent according to what <a href="/wiki/John_Perceval,_1st_Earl_of_Egmont" title="John Perceval, 1st Earl of Egmont">Lord Egmont</a> wrote in his diary about the incident: </p><p><i>"He refused to draw the Duke of Cumberland, when two years old, desiring the lord who went down to ask it to tell His Majesty that not having had the honour of painting him or his royal consort he was unwilling to begin with a child."</i><sup id="cite_ref-Page_26_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_26-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> King George was furious at this reply, and it ruined all Dahl's opportunities of being knighted.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_26_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_26-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Michael Dahl died in London on 20 October 1743 and was buried a week later in <a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Church,_Piccadilly" title="St James's Church, Piccadilly">St James's Church, Piccadilly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Page_27_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Page_27-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Dahl&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/sir-john-pole-164917071708-3rd-bt-mp-99058"><i>Portrait of Sir John Pole by Michael Dahl</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/search/actor:dahl-michael-165616591743">Artworks by or after Michael Dahl</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Art_UK" title="Art UK">Art UK</a> site, 12 April 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NE-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NE_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NE_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ne.se/michael-dahl">Nationalencyklopedin</a> 12 March 2012 (Swedish)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Runeberg-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Runeberg_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfbe/0581.html">Projekt Runeberg</a> 12 March 2012 (Swedish)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Page_2_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilhelm Nisser, <i>Michael Dahl and the Contemporary Swedish School of Painting in England</i> (Almqvist & Wiksell) 1927:2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_3-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_3_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_3_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser, 1927:3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_6-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_6_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_6_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_6_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_4-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_4_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_4_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_4_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_4_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_7-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Page_7_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_8-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_8_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_8_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_8_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_8_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_9-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_9_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_9_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_9_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_10-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_10_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_10_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_10_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_10_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_11-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_11_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_11_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_11_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_12-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Page_12_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nissen 1927: 9, 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_13-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Page_13_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:13f.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_14-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_14_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_14_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_14_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_14_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927: 14, 20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:14, 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_24-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_24_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_24_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_24_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/prince-george-of-denmark-16531708-77390"><i>Art UK</i></a>, <i>Portrait of Prince George of Denmark</i> by Michael Dahl, 12 April 2012;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/prince-george-of-denmark-16531708-99875"><i>Art UK</i></a>, <i>Portrait of Prince George of Denmark</i> by Michael Dahl, 12 April 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_27-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_27_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_27_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_17-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_17_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_17_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Page_26-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Page_26_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Page_26_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nisser 1927:26.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading 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href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/123880815">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr2001019125">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14972161p">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14972161p">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/rp355nz90s6xvnn">Sweden</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500031515">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/19681">RKD Artists</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/429573c4-57f6-434e-8487-fa18a93b5e1d">KulturNav</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/04b921f4-c2ad-44d7-b417-718acc9d37e5">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aucklandartgallery.com/explore-art-and-ideas/artist/1619/">Auckland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd123880815.html?language=en">Deutsche 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