CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "help.medium.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91400f9e0ffa498b',cH: '_T3ptN9RhB1By94I06ItDw7R25OL_1CadQpITNUxV50-1739903139-1.2.1.1-kjP2IUZKnCH2NTyi2AQLFEu3pxKwEuY.MlUwkgiinDlqTXtH1Un5dxSV40fWjyqQ',cUPMDTk: "\/hc\/en-us?source=post_page-----8b6d9d15007e--------------------------------&__cf_chl_tk=xRBq2UfHc6LmwORShFbUUi.eEVWwHhloVnTk_2vJXTM-1739903139-1.0.1.1-AVHsDVxbh3XcMFUEyZl9pQ6OS_9RocvKJNndO5IMpNw",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739903139',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "unsupported-browser",fa: "\/hc\/en-us?source=post_page-----8b6d9d15007e--------------------------------&__cf_chl_f_tk=xRBq2UfHc6LmwORShFbUUi.eEVWwHhloVnTk_2vJXTM-1739903139-1.0.1.1-AVHsDVxbh3XcMFUEyZl9pQ6OS_9RocvKJNndO5IMpNw",md: "mkYwmxJNeoBUS7quIc9pyO9eIYHSHcKRQcwsOQl0kEk-1739903139-1.2.1.1-tJU2MgWUewTdLq68AH7FeNF7TSxOWFWusR4BPV7bR2PqXBLpMnHmmCBQbEdSo8.N3vgWXs.MmZLBds0nh9Zyw2qxclCkDBC6JnXUlKdt_n0yf4TMKbte4bsGNf0o.M0S8CL2T4HZSruwk9wc5JDc8NdzhOYBf2RMoI7JWzN2BHLQlM7KF47.VbXXb0flc5nu8xSzpvuWHvn1ECJhfBw4hfayhiGssNPyDL5kw24x2z8ZodkF3uUhG2ubFb3PdApFI8OT1jVBhXoIvr6higXwTmHK8_tnAHwxfjKbKTP0n1STPGVzFmcuG80bYIXUrWWAEgWb.rfA2FZIcxhqJC43AOGo5R3ReG00LrpsG665m0ACfCw3rHyDOav5B_OggWNNlwRXoyx_M8Gas1ssk0G8lgQ3J4Kk6xw0wrQhzzNIhzBIA65kqa0p.CGq_DKji5fGqCWBpd1brafCFVu4DPGCtxgA7BKTYXcY48vilazxRwlEpmrwzhLZLEsNW_QUQjUyElAUpC5QwHQviiikBmJVG7W_eE0J7FzIsrzLyCLDpGgVriTtQmX.Dii48pBDk0A7loh.Y2ALvjhrDEPi0Jrfmv.pwy2B5Qr79ScFABmxJtzQcbqUEZmKL4zYwkN0eZA1YK8YuHGF5flw874c6dgOuIt9NEKeZn3o_r5OKbU5eFGwGFoyyifSX6McFUosD6p8DPdjx8CCKB_SVyeSJ2efrtLlqfoKcu0uYueW3SUsAnJFn_zsTokuNRK.m1CTVun7YBLkD72Ru2PziPuImT1SBOPabbB9Gy5WYTTqYMG25vYRMkgnebqRlmDl_8hHTI4x1pGXebSwGQm5LJPcjeoyWaWJ.0q8exxADNoyT2.zQ2zJ87oiFa_ZREIKSP68jC3fl0xue9WbofW_VZnxcdjhap6EhRLho3OoLKxuJXSZlO_Oc7llPCfkQj.O.UpPsqDvW_PnZtR.drPGkxrD4NvbKMy_BIgYn4baovgdgJ3e6tA3RTx2czWHDtTIWUBOhxtkhk387RfDydvSNSHe2k4swghUa8jmUlaVa8bk2.tJsQb7f63qqxips1UdTI1i.JSTdJ.FmBSRL1MuBqrHvJIxjIHEi6p5qaaQHj.dElxxPJDZ5i5RMrR7hLZBvZYEqHsDJczLDiEx.z_seii.ctLpKNJr73kA64ehh10Ro6QzR8WhUoDOW2.27LW07r7UlEeqm4BOk7IG5R9ee8PtbQ6XlaBoWDBGfyllVyupLom54eCmZZ57PDQFL2J4Th2O5EYpgJ43jGP9OvBxUUosD5yhjFDp.HukYXOYSD.EymWPWt1mZSTf0sCqQuENjVNE6c55QrBcXMFG6MrkY4mCA3YABCW_0OWDvrB4t8vs4u32DT3gldlPVlPGBanNNGCv4G3OKFb3S8IlMFR7vpk7QgSsVoUoY.GhhBJFrl_phVeFqRlaJxAHZ6xGlDELOgV3d89gJbGw6GrnsDgJ9_7P5FeY.c8v3rKI0Z.LJzXW.Vc2tqCFoU1A3wd9SQBwsZFSYGr2_PmBrHxDweAvKK20nhVCgDwn__2E15TCwACiNiBfhJhVHqC0r_L.B6IT7LCpez4m4ysZPwEAcf0qvZgnc0CrxeHkGO3HMdXDMteYrWhPPiqVrbcrlUYmxZMWxDFsyl_8D_atnz3sIiw6kk6I2MV7ojUh.2698e9Rr9A4FhkerFw.uhiAu4t5vQHY4kMLTXWk5fBUYz1lRiA86MMFHZvsiWUU1v9bkOJwqxYwRndKdzqhEkHGlbNYgNswCVZr9h4pFD.UD.GbBfh0IfLahLJ_63aCoHDBqjEm1O.SuQ4Wkgk.jTl3gRoFP3E2olPvO3KMx3eeLbiVDc5qDEWgkIBHQTvHMBtWIUDt69.bI1y1b4U5m8DIlezn86Xgwj3SF6dntdll8rdBq_zmRTMg3OsNXH3kjFaR8DOSIWGPYJwqZVzLuI9flvR0J4iiLNLEXH4kmKOvb3CgRicT_KgNPapCSdHK5l8jtWI_ZN1tDbl3WK2HDpYL1P6eYPjR9D126GtdO1Lk3RrqeVdyRDw9d45YkL_wjQvU0Lmoi6JzOKShAzmQ4a0PArW6fOKm1Tvaa.uJYezkSwnwK0P8hJOIKrneLj5rq7qLUOIy5NP8yq.APasv6f4qYf7RlgbSQpCtSU6EcLVe__p_hnTFtKFx8FUwkJdz.CYbvV1vfSqBxakxvOls9BeZE6PGNuPMlu5SsWl94UmvYTMWgmuqWSP9a_v6KI22BLIUs6k3tbghDeIwIQeGFAFe3vv2vv4YmsHuxgbdmxYwt7k2ti50wyPfA7.iiBBFwN7st7CvWKlR1pXd6Yc46Az8WMQg83aBtXXsUf8IF2xFK9Pm8sEPl_6KYtZdpPoRMH4f7uecbP3QtfqeC4045vaul65d3Y6rOUy55GA4ttu9Q1imaydPkgDFwlKv3H9znVGCEe7PrDkoXlT9v3..eYwqk8IPO6XNIVCKF9vNt7S5IidIWmmeDq5k7MuR6ZDbSAIDO9JJbLD_4.48iBtBcjOerBgZSbiYctW2Zd0weSDTaje8K.j5QkKEj5.5QmPainBeEYIMDposnFkdRKtcc9qGwkkKkIKUYueXKM0P_KGbw0WDglCCPktU0cLzVG4dSXxiAkicQezkWaVwIqBZNExULtPGCoAV7q_WlXjf",mdrd: "9OEJDUdFG.kLhRZe4itEph9OsWL__zL9NXrpFYNpcqY-1739903139-1.2.1.1-U6QSO8ghYnSloez5prR0fp2NPJmElCINlIfnFgnnDhrnqJMXyeeWKrscb8QAzRKAFLr3q9eIRFkabk8VrECFtZdT13hXjUphXgYHYrbeeHfk7mjA4m7mLDQeKzVaTUnc4e0Kd__Et4yYldYGGHmbcr0MHC8LOT8kxbOalDG439A.dcppRFFQiUJkiPkyz2.ChDalZxZgrCW2RbY8oJvy_RjJOp22WkZSrlpDMevXsVlxGZL99V_eLRR_Lcl8JaisvF9KTI6xBsDhDGKnq4Dt_7G4C0PL6mydk_l1ysf0rgk3J5AR4zfIZTUwwTG7klDNhkqqYarOQW2DnJ_J8JH55QFfmn6UfgtJ3Fozx84FI_4Rijdy01GGq_DfvYLK.KHpqfgR4qHp1lREYsaLveE8U8Xzysm7nnRC4u.B09EN0RXTE1AdZZDXKV7f9ztN5Qfu6pDCtVQKQXDRl7mwAQYrkEet2TCJRrsoS7uHhCrahqzFBD0lXMvKrdtD1CXtjwKKurkIplmsgL.ze.ABZwA9UkOJP5WMLuV5mHPQCZGR3l1gAiamzHk0yTO4tr5nPZHPSP6JQJ5DhpbWs.ijxI6n90zrj1Rw1KnVjwk4bDn9ZX0FOX7g50HSxQ0yUrgKeHPcl6ROJXPqxfsm2xaqjd3SFlwHmAGUnuP1gqnzwIgX4PxfCb1drvql91FzRpTost97V4ZLOW.XK8UWvBFT2GpZ1jO_BByZ5HqJBERm6ZIVU83zN8EdHHMQg1obLxIJkxSlncMhybffZEhntEosWKCfUEq0AOdca48UR9OBwzCLv79I9F6G89j2ESit2jyeEp0GcSkw8F.JY3yT55lvqFdPlJQZYJVebFcO2myIE1Fra07b7bdqkHai2PrZXFmB6.M0UowC97TMfkcRLUSRCxOfgHKNNiOQUYNlsQUHS34KaO9.r3cu45if7cAMcYa33dTjY_L4_Bz532LHi1a0vc_HHLMS6WdSeUlwYubHEuPgbVboeVy1LBnG4wqNvTSTS8GVP13dP9ZOlYpvBl1P8x6IRN3H9cQ1OlI4_2Oz0n4kwpMtbYnGbN25CLvv.KYGRkMwg9Lb22BBdfw0d1uggCqS9YIkvTKDOUyH7DpD0QEtv9xbI17iEpTv3lKiv4FNP2Xk785p1uwuxgVZQHIEbCG_FQe1lEM2lV4yTvEs3tVZ_RLpVA3qxznMgcf69PgC1VDEsDBehpI2EYGdc.dqDzHwwOAeIO2UNpxqvADOoNq6aeyw_CJBCwnHd_.1qPJvss1j11.D_RHcEsXGMM5y5wZST4hk1WiX1OC6lkJX7roK2sV33xvBu9u6ctZv4pOxfyJJce8Dre1GX4C2fIRr6uXZQV4Dm2buSSnhVsxpkI55ZNySzCu_rnl80QvxxWO_BlhafTeTcLDU7OOLucJQ8pjeOyYdTdFJ5CjjqB9T7v1xiGX7vUBYOLer3_AvassxYo3byylh7wMh1meKEfBDn7zOuLYcDb2jGc3BHCflwPiSEL_cxaD5F.AVcyNxFVALt0W2IZ._KFlEg6v27oonMFLa5dUdrPmf7D0.D1qxqEIe5H_HtnYGkImzaW9iBq20xHhrhlWm80vLs0IXail9y98TPXmRMmgGCZ3HT3H0aadiXg836vLxKKrDtsGJQLd53vOVy1UpuYAON_npk3oH1R4MfrunnVfuWmcxVIkHs4iIEIlfrr.u7h34s1_0IrrSumIytUl6c.C_jm3Dq63G83gECR0wucL4pbk7ZlwxDCIx9OEZtc4ebqAYfQaHh695Zzuomdfthqnro.LksYnjUxqZIxIF.IR.YefSnUIZeVKkSJJ7PhOkdc3z5685tYTmbeJlPsg4s069jNUUArl6AwUuNanuEjBIWObQjTcaey50wsos5LydpKITxPRA44DxSEePnnm1vCUh9BbZ2kQat1j4W1TUKFyAeGlnNZ.buyNB2zg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91400f9e0ffa498b';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/hc\/en-us?source=post_page-----8b6d9d15007e--------------------------------&__cf_chl_rt_tk=xRBq2UfHc6LmwORShFbUUi.eEVWwHhloVnTk_2vJXTM-1739903139-1.0.1.1-AVHsDVxbh3XcMFUEyZl9pQ6OS_9RocvKJNndO5IMpNw" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>