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id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Prif ddewislen </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Prif ddewislen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Panel llywio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hafan" title="Ymweld â'r Hafan [z]" accesskey="z">Hafan</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Porth_y_Gymuned" title="Pethau i'w gwneud, adnoddau a thudalennau'r gymuned">Porth y Gymuned</a></li><li id="n-cafe" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Y_Caffi">Y Caffi</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Categori:Materion_cyfoes" title="Gwybodaeth yn gysylltiedig â materion cyfoes">Materion cyfoes</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChanges" title="Rhestr y newidiadau diweddar ar y wici. [r]" accesskey="r">Newidiadau diweddar</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Random" title="Llwytho tudalen ar hap [x]" accesskey="x">Erthygl ar hap</a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Cymorth" title="Tudalennau cymorth">Cymorth</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hafan" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wicipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cy.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cy.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Chwilio </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Chwilio Wicipedia" aria-label="Chwilio Wicipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Chwilio Wicipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Arbennig:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Chwilio</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Offer personol"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Newidiwch ymddangosiad maint ffont, lled a lliw y dudalen" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gwedd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Gwedd </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy" class="">Rhoi</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol" class="">Creu cyfrif</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Mewngofnodi</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Offer personol" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Offer personol </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dewislen defnyddiwr" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cy.wikipedia.org&uselang=cy">Rhoi</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CreateAccount&returnto=Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Rydym yn argymell eich bod yn creu cyfri ac yn menwgofnodi. Fodd bynnag, dydy hyn ddim yn orfodol"> Creu cyfrif</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UserLogin&returnto=Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Fe'ch anogir i fewngofnodi, er nad oes rhaid gwneud. [o]" accesskey="o"> Mewngofnodi</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tudalennau ar gyfer golygyddion allgofnodedig <a href="/wiki/Cymorth:Cyflwyniad" aria-label="Dysgu mwy am olygu">dysgu mwy</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyContributions" title="Rhestr golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [y]" accesskey="y">Cyfraniadau</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:MyTalk" title="Sgwrs ynglŷn â golygiadau o'r cyfeiriad IP hwn [n]" accesskey="n">Sgwrs</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Safle"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cynnwys" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cynnwys</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Y dechrau</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geirdarddiad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geirdarddiad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Geirdarddiad </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geirdarddiad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Daearyddiaeth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daearyddiaeth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Daearyddiaeth </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Daearyddiaeth-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toglo is-adran Daearyddiaeth </button> <ul id="toc-Daearyddiaeth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hinsawdd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hinsawdd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Hinsawdd </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hinsawdd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bioamrywiaeth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bioamrywiaeth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Bioamrywiaeth </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bioamrywiaeth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hanes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hanes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Hanes </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hanes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toglo is-adran Hanes </button> <ul id="toc-Hanes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hanes_cynnar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hanes_cynnar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Hanes cynnar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hanes_cynnar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oes_Aur_Kyiv" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oes_Aur_Kyiv"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Oes Aur Kyiv </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oes_Aur_Kyiv-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ail_Ryfel_Byd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ail_Ryfel_Byd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Ail Ryfel Byd </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ail_Ryfel_Byd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ar_ôl_yr_Ail_Ryfel_Byd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ar_ôl_yr_Ail_Ryfel_Byd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Ar ôl yr Ail Ryfel Byd </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ar_ôl_yr_Ail_Ryfel_Byd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annibyniaeth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annibyniaeth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Annibyniaeth </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annibyniaeth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Y_Chwyldro_Oren" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Y_Chwyldro_Oren"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Y Chwyldro Oren </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Y_Chwyldro_Oren-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Goresgyniad_gan_Rwsia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goresgyniad_gan_Rwsia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Goresgyniad gan Rwsia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goresgyniad_gan_Rwsia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gwleidyddiaeth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gwleidyddiaeth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Gwleidyddiaeth </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gwleidyddiaeth-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toglo is-adran Gwleidyddiaeth </button> <ul id="toc-Gwleidyddiaeth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cyfansoddiad_Wcráin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyfansoddiad_Wcráin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Cyfansoddiad Wcráin </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyfansoddiad_Wcráin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lluoedd_arfog" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lluoedd_arfog"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Lluoedd arfog </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lluoedd_arfog-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Is-adrannau_gweinyddol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Is-adrannau_gweinyddol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Is-adrannau gweinyddol </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Is-adrannau_gweinyddol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gwahaniaethau_rhanbarthol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gwahaniaethau_rhanbarthol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Gwahaniaethau rhanbarthol </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gwahaniaethau_rhanbarthol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trefoli" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trefoli"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Trefoli </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trefoli-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demograffeg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demograffeg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Demograffeg </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demograffeg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Addysg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Addysg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Addysg </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Addysg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Economi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toglo is-adran Economi </button> <ul id="toc-Economi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cynhyrchu_pŵer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cynhyrchu_pŵer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Cynhyrchu pŵer </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cynhyrchu_pŵer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twristiaeth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twristiaeth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Twristiaeth </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twristiaeth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diwylliant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diwylliant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Diwylliant </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diwylliant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyfeiriadau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyfeiriadau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Cyfeiriadau </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyfeiriadau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dolenni_allanol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dolenni_allanol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Dolenni allanol </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dolenni_allanol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cynnwys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toglo'r tabl cynnwys" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toglo'r tabl cynnwys </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Wcráin</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ewch i erthygl mewn iaith arall. Ar gael mewn 298 iaith" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-298" aria-hidden="true" > 298 iaith </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Abchaseg" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abchaseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Acehneg" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Украинэ - Circaseg Gorllewinol" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Украинэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Circaseg Gorllewinol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - Affricaneg" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Affricaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Almaeneg y Swistir" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg y Swistir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A9%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%AC%E1%8A%95" title="ዩክሬን - Amhareg" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዩክሬን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amhareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína - Aragoneg" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ucraína" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucr%C3%A6gna" title="Ucrægna - Hen Saesneg" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ucrægna" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Hen Saesneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukeren" title="Yukeren - Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Yukeren" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Obolo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="أوكرانيا - Arabeg" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوكرانيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%98%DC%A9%DC%AA%DC%90%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%90" title="ܐܘܩܪܐܝܢܐ - Aramaeg" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܘܩܪܐܝܢܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A4%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="ؤكرانيا - Arabeg Moroco" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ؤكرانيا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arabeg Moroco" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="اوكرانيا - Arabeg yr Aifft" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوكرانيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arabeg yr Aifft" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="ইউক্ৰেইন - Asameg" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইউক্ৰেইন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asameg" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína - Astwrianeg" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ucraína" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Astwrianeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Afareg" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Afareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraniya" title="Ukraniya - Aymareg" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Ukraniya" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - Aserbaijaneg" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaijaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اوکراین - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوکراین" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Bashcorteg" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashcorteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Balïeg" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balïeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okraina" title="Okraina - Samogiteg" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Okraina" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogiteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Toba</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украіна - Belarwseg" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Украіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украіна - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Украіна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrain" title="Ukrain - Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Ukrain" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украйна - Bwlgareg" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Украйна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bwlgareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="यूक्रेन - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="यूक्रेन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukren" title="Yukren - Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Yukren" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%80%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ယူကရေင်းခမ်းထီ - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ယူကရေင်းခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrain" title="Ukrain - Bambareg" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Ukrain" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="ইউক্রেন - Bengaleg" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইউক্রেন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%80%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨུཀ་རཡི་ནི། - Tibeteg" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨུཀ་རཡི་ནི།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibeteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="ইউক্রেন - Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="ইউক্রেন" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Llydaweg" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Llydaweg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - Bosnieg" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%98%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%91%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%99" title="ᨕᨘᨀᨑᨕᨗᨊᨙ - Bwginaeg" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨕᨘᨀᨑᨕᨗᨊᨙ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Bwginaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Ucraïna - Catalaneg" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ucraïna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrania" title="Ucrania - Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Ucrania" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Tsietsieneg" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsietsieneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrania" title="Ukrania - Tsiamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Ukrania" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Tsiamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chamoru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%B3%E1%8E%A7%E1%8E%B4%E1%8F%82" title="ᏳᎧᎴᏂ - Tsierocî" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏳᎧᎴᏂ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Tsierocî" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tsetsêhestâhese</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ئوکراینا - Cwrdeg Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئوکراینا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Cwrdeg Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Corseg" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Tyrceg y Crimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tyrceg y Crimea" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - Tsieceg" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsieceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%99krajina" title="Ùkrajina - Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Ùkrajina" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Оукраина - Hen Slafoneg" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Оукраина" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Hen Slafoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Tshwfasheg" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tshwfasheg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Daneg" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Almaeneg" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Dinca" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinca" class="interlanguage-link-target">Thuɔŋjäŋ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Sorbeg Isaf" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbeg Isaf" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%94%DE%AB%DE%86%DE%B0%DE%83%DE%AC%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ޔޫކްރެއިން - Difehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޔޫކްރެއިން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Difehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eʋegbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ουκρανία - Groeg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ουκρανία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Groeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucragna" title="Ucragna - Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Ucragna" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Saesneg" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Saesneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainio" title="Ukrainio - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ukrainio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrania" title="Ucrania - Sbaeneg" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ucrania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sbaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Estoneg" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Basgeg" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrania" title="Ucrania - Extremadureg" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Ucrania" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremadureg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اوکراین - Perseg" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اوکراین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayiina" title="Ukrayiina - Ffwla" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Ukrayiina" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Ffwla" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Ffinneg" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Ffinneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Ffijïeg" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Ffijïeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Ffaröeg" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Ffaröeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Ffrangeg" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Ffrangeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucr%C3%A8na" title="Ucrèna - Arpitaneg" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Ucrèna" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Ffriseg Gogleddol" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg Gogleddol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraine" title="Ucraine - Ffriwleg" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ucraine" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Ffriwleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - Ffriseg y Gorllewin" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg y Gorllewin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_%C3%9Acr%C3%A1in" title="An Úcráin - Gwyddeleg" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Úcráin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Gwyddeleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" title="烏克蘭 - Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="烏克蘭" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oukr%C3%A8n" title="Oukrèn - Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Oukrèn" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ucr%C3%A0in" title="An Ucràin - Gaeleg yr Alban" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Ucràin" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaeleg yr Alban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Ucraína - Galisieg" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ucraína" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uky%C3%A1%C3%B1a" title="Ukyáña - Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ukyáña" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌿𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌰 - Gotheg" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌿𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotheg" class="interlanguage-link-target">𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%A8" title="યૂક્રેઇન - Gwjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="યૂક્રેઇન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gwjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gungbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Ookraan" title="Yn Ookraan - Manaweg" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Ookraan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manaweg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraniya" title="Ukraniya - Hawsa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ukraniya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hawsa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBUkelena" title="ʻUkelena - Hawäieg" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻUkelena" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawäieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="אוקראינה - Hebraeg" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוקראינה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebraeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - Croateg" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Sorbeg Uchaf" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbeg Uchaf" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikr%C3%A8n" title="Ikrèn - Creol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Ikrèn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajna" title="Ukrajna - Hwngareg" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ukrajna" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hwngareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Ուկրաինա - Armeneg" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուկրաինա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D6%84%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ուքրանիա - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ուքրանիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Indoneseg" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukrain" title="Yukrain - Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Yukrain" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukrain" title="Yukrain - Inwpiaceg" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Yukrain" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inwpiaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrania" title="Ukrania - Ilocaneg" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Ukrania" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Ilocaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Ingwsieg" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingwsieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Akra%C3%ADna" title="Úkraína - Islandeg" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Úkraína" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Eidaleg" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Eidaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%94%AA%E1%91%AF%E1%95%8B%E1%90%83%E1%93%90" title="ᔪᑯᕋᐃᓐ - Inwctitwt" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᔪᑯᕋᐃᓐ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inwctitwt" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A" title="ウクライナ - Japaneeg" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウクライナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japaneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuukrien" title="Yuukrien - Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Yuukrien" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/vurgu%27e" title="vurgu'e - Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="vurgu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Jafanaeg" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jafanaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="უკრაინა - Georgeg" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უკრაინა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Cara-Calpaceg" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Cara-Calpaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayin" title="Ukrayin - Cabileg" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ukrayin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Cabileg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8D" title="Украинэ - Cabardieg" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Украинэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Cabardieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukur%C9%9Bn%C9%A9" title="Ukurɛnɩ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ukurɛnɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuki%CC%B1ren" title="Yuki̱ren - Tyapeg" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Yuki̱ren" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyapeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uklenyi" title="Uklenyi - Congo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Uklenyi" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Congo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Casacheg" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Casacheg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%82%E1%9E%93" title="អ៊ុយក្រែន - Chmereg" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អ៊ុយក្រែន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Chmereg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಯುಕ್ರೇನ್ - Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯುಕ್ರೇನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98" title="우크라이나 - Coreeg" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우크라이나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Перем коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%97%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%96%D9%86" title="یوٗکریٖن - Cashmireg" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="یوٗکریٖن" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Cashmireg" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Bkrayna" title="Ûkrayna - Cwrdeg" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ûkrayna" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Cwrdeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Comi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Comi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayn" title="Ukrayn - Cernyweg" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ukrayn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cernyweg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Cirgiseg" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Cirgiseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dan sylw"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Lladin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Lladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Iddew-Sbaeneg" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Iddew-Sbaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrain" title="Ukrain - Lwcsembwrgeg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ukrain" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lwcsembwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лакку</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Lezgheg" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezgheg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - Limbwrgeg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limbwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrainn-a" title="Ucrainn-a - Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Ucrainn-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Lombardeg" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B9%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%99" title="ປະເທດອູແກຣນ - Laoeg" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດອູແກຣນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laoeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Lithwaneg" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithwaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Latgaleg" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latgaļu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Latfieg" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latfieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Madwreg" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madwreg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Madhurâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Mocsia" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Mocsia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okraina" title="Okraina - Malagaseg" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Okraina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagaseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AAkareinga" title="Ūkareinga - Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Ūkareinga" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Macedoneg" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BB" title="ഉക്രൈൻ - Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉക്രൈൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Украин - Mongoleg" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Украин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongoleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯌꯨꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ - Manipwri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯌꯨꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipwri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Mari Gorllewinol" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Mari Gorllewinol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Maleieg" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajna" title="Ukrajna - Malteg" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ukrajna" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oucr%C3%A1nia" title="Oucránia - Mirandeg" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Oucránia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%80%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ယူကရိန်းနိုင်ငံ - Byrmaneg" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယူကရိန်းနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Byrmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اکراین - Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اکراین" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Naplieg" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Naplieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Almaeneg Isel" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg Isel" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - Sacsoneg Isel" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Sacsoneg Isel" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Nepaleg" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="युक्रेन - Newaeg" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="युक्रेन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - Iseldireg" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Iseldireg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Norwyeg Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Norwyeg Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8E%DF%9E%DF%99%DF%8D%DF%A3%DF%8C%DF%B2%DF%AB" title="ߎߞߙߍߣߌ߲߫ - N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߎߞߙߍߣߌ߲߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukra%C3%AEne" title="Ukraîne - Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Ukraîne" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dz%C3%ADtso_Hatsohnii_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Dzítso Hatsohnii Bikéyah - Nafaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dzítso Hatsohnii Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Nafaho" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucra%C3%AFna" title="Ucraïna - Ocsitaneg" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ucraïna" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ocsitaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainu" title="Ukrainu - Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Ukrainu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuukireen" title="Yuukireen - Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Yuukireen" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A8" title="ୟୁକ୍ରେନ - Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ୟୁକ୍ରେନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%C3%A6" title="Украинæ - Oseteg" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Украинæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Oseteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8" title="ਯੂਕਰੇਨ - Pwnjabeg" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯੂਕਰੇਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pwnjabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraniya" title="Ukraniya - Pangasineg" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Ukraniya" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasineg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrania" title="Ukrania - Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Ukrania" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oucrinne" title="Oucrinne - Picardeg" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Oucrinne" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picardeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukrain" title="Yukrain - Pidgin Nigeria" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Yukrain" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Pidgin Nigeria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Naijá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Almaeneg Pensylfania" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg Pensylfania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Almaeneg Palatin" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg Palatin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pälzisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Pwyleg" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pwyleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrain-a" title="Ucrain-a - Piedmonteg" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ucrain-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmonteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="یوکرین - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یوکرین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ουκρανία - Ponteg" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ουκρανία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Ponteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ποντιακά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اوکراین - Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اوکراین" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucr%C3%A2nia" title="Ucrânia - Portiwgaleg" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ucrânia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portiwgaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ukelan" title="ukelan - Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="ukelan" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pinayuanan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayina" title="Ukrayina - Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ukrayina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Románsh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Románsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Rwmaneg" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rwmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Aromaneg" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraine" title="Ucraine - Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Ucraine" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tarandíne</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Rwseg" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Україна - Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Україна" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikerene" title="Ikerene - Ciniarŵandeg" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikerene" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Ciniarŵandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украйиина - Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Украйиина" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱤᱣᱠᱨᱮᱱ - Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱣᱠᱨᱮᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Sardeg" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina - Sisileg" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisileg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Sgoteg" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Sgoteg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%DA%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="يوڪرين - Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="يوڪرين" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Sami Gogleddol" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Gogleddol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - Serbo-Croateg" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%82%87%E1%81%B6%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B5%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းယူႇၶရဵၼ်း - Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းယူႇၶရဵၼ်း" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="යුක්‍රේනය - Sinhaleg" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යුක්‍රේනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - Slofaceg" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slofaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - Slofeneg" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slofeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iukureini" title="Iukureini - Samöeg" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Iukureini" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samöeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vukireni" title="Vukireni - Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Vukireni" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukrayn" title="Yukrayn - Somaleg" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Yukrayn" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Albaneg" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украјина - Serbeg" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Украјина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainakondre" title="Ukrainakondre - Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Ukrainakondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sranantongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IYukhureni" title="IYukhureni - Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IYukhureni" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Sesotheg Deheuol" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Sesotheg Deheuol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Ffriseg Saterland" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg Saterland" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Swndaneg" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Swndaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Swedeg" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraini" title="Ukraini - Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ukraini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajina" title="Ukrajina - Silesieg" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Ukrajina" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="உக்ரைன் - Tamileg" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உக்ரைன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamileg" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఉక్రెయిన్ - Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఉక్రెయిన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukr%C3%A1nia" title="Ukránia - Tetumeg" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Ukránia" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetumeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Укроин - Tajiceg" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Укроин" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajiceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99" title="ประเทศยูเครน - Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศยูเครน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A9%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%AC%E1%8A%95" title="ዩክሬን - Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ዩክሬን" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ትግርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Tyrcmeneg" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Tyrcmeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrajn%C9%99" title="Ukrajnə - Talysheg" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Ukrajnə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysheg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C5%AAkala%CA%BBine" title="ʻŪkalaʻine - Tongeg" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻŪkalaʻine" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukren" title="Yukren - Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Yukren" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna" title="Ukrayna - Tyrceg" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ukrayna" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tyrceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Tsongaeg" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsongaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Xitsonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Tatareg" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatareg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Twmbwca" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Twmbwca" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Twfwnieg" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Twfwnieg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Украина - Fotiaceg" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Украина" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Fotiaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%87%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ئۇكرائىنا - Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئۇكرائىنا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Україна - Wcreineg" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Україна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Wcreineg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="یوکرین - Wrdw" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یوکرین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Wrdw" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Wsbeceg" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Wsbeceg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine - Fendeg" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Fendeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tshivenda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucr%C3%A0ina" title="Ucràina - Feniseg" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ucràina" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Feniseg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrain" title="Ukrain - Feps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Ukrain" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Feps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Fietnameg" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Fietnameg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - Fflemeg Gorllewinol" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Fflemeg Gorllewinol" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukray%C3%A4n" title="Lukrayän - Folapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lukrayän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Folapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oucrinne" title="Oucrinne - Walwneg" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Oucrinne" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walwneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukranya" title="Ukranya - Winarayeg" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Winarayeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukreen" title="Ukreen - Woloff" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Ukreen" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Woloff" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰 - Wu Tsieineaidd" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="乌克兰" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tsieineaidd" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IYukreyini" title="IYukreyini - Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IYukreyini" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="უკრაინა - Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="უკრაინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A2" title="אוקראינע - Iddew-Almaeneg" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אוקראינע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Iddew-Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukr%C3%A9%C3%ACn" title="Yukréìn - Iorwba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Yukréìn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Iorwba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuhgwzlanz" title="Vuhgwzlanz - Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vuhgwzlanz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne - Zêlandeg" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zêlandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%93%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵓⴽⵔⴰⵏⵢⴰ - Tamaseit Moroco Safonol" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵓⴽⵔⴰⵏⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamaseit Moroco Safonol" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰 - Tsieinëeg" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="乌克兰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tsieinëeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" title="烏克蘭 - Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="烏克蘭" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina - Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ukraina" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" title="烏克蘭 - Cantoneeg" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="烏克蘭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantoneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IYukreyini" title="IYukreyini - Swlw" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IYukreyini" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Swlw" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q212#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Golygu dolenni rhyngwici" class="wbc-editpage">Golygu dolenni</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Parthau"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Gweld y dudalen bwnc [c]" accesskey="c">Erthygl</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sgwrs:Wcr%C3%A1in" rel="discussion" title="Sgwrsio am y dudalen [t]" accesskey="t">Sgwrs</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Newid amrywiad iaith" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Cymraeg </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Golygon"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wcr%C3%A1in">Darllen</a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v">Golygu</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e">Golygu cod</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=history" title="Fersiynau cynt o'r dudalen hon. [h]" accesskey="h">Gweld hanes</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Offer tudalen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Blwch offer" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Blwch offer </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Blwch offer</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Rhagor o opsiynau" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gweithredoedd </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wcr%C3%A1in">Darllen</a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v">Golygu</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e">Golygu cod</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=history">Gweld hanes</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cyffredinol </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:WhatLinksHere/Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Rhestr o bob tudalen sy'n cysylltu â hon [j]" accesskey="j">Beth sy'n cysylltu yma</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:RecentChangesLinked/Wcr%C3%A1in" rel="nofollow" title="Newidiadau diweddar i dudalennau sydd yn cysylltu â hon [k]" accesskey="k">Newidiadau perthnasol</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:SpecialPages" title="Rhestr o'r holl dudalennau arbennig [q]" accesskey="q">Tudalennau arbennig</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&oldid=13273672" title="Dolen barhaol i'r fersiwn hwn y dudalen hon">Dolen barhaol</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=info" title="Mwy o wybodaeth am y dudalen hon">Gwybodaeth am y dudalen</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:CiteThisPage&page=Wcr%C3%A1in&id=13273672&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Gwybodaeth ar sut i gyfeirio at y dudalen hon">Cyfeirio at y dudalen hon</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWcr%25C3%25A1in">Cael URL byr</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FWcr%25C3%25A1in">Lawrlwytho cod QR</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Argraffu / allforio </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Wcr%C3%A1in">Llunio llyfr</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arbennig:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=show-download-screen">Lawrlwytho fel PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&printable=yes" title="Cynhyrchwch fersiwn o'r dudalen yn barod at ei hargraffu [p]" accesskey="p">Fersiwn argraffu</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Mewn prosiectau eraill </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0" hreflang="en">Comin Wikimedia</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q212" title="Cysylltu i eitem ystorfa gysylltiedig [g]" accesskey="g">Eitem Wicidata</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Offer tudalen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Gwedd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gwedd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">symud i'r bar ochr</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-erthygl-c" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div style="position:relative; width:22px; height:38px; overflow:hidden;"><div style="position:absolute; font-size:38px; overflow:hidden; line-height:38px; letter-spacing:22px;"><a href="/wiki/Wicipedia:Asesiad_cynnwys" title="Wicipedia:Asesiad cynnwys">   </a></div><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Symbol_c_class_orange.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Erthygl C"><img alt="Erthygl C" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Symbol_c_class_orange.svg/22px-Symbol_c_class_orange.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Symbol_c_class_orange.svg/33px-Symbol_c_class_orange.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Symbol_c_class_orange.svg/44px-Symbol_c_class_orange.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Oddi ar Wicipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cy" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><caption>Wcráin</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/100px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/150px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/200px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="461" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><big>Україна Ukraina <a href="/wiki/Wcreineg" title="Wcreineg">Wcreineg</a></big></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/170px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/255px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/340px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Math</th><td>Gwlad</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Enwyd ar ôl</th><td>'ffiniau' (Hen Slafoneg Eglwysig) <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P138" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="center"><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Fr-l'Ukraine-fr_Be.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/22/Fr-l%27Ukraine-fr_Be.ogg/Fr-l%27Ukraine-fr_Be.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/22/Fr-l%27Ukraine-fr_Be.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Prifddinas</th><td><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P36" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Poblogaeth</th><td>41,167,335 <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P1082" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Sefydlwyd</th><td>24 Awst 1991 (Annibyniaeth oddi wrth yr USSR)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Anthem</th><td><a href="/wiki/Anthem_genedlaethol_Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Anthem genedlaethol Wcráin">Anthem genedlaethol Wcráin</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P85" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Pennaeth llywodraeth</th><td>Denys Šmyhal <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P6" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Cylchfa amser</th><td>UTC+2, UTC+03:00, EET, Europe/Kyiv <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P421" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Iaith/Ieithoedd   swyddogol</th><td><a href="/wiki/Wcreineg" title="Wcreineg">Wcreineg</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P37" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddf;">Daearyddiaeth</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Rhan o'r canlynol</th><td><a href="/wiki/Dwyrain_Ewrop" title="Dwyrain Ewrop">Dwyrain Ewrop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyn-weriniaethau%27r_Undeb_Sofietaidd" title="Cyn-weriniaethau'r Undeb Sofietaidd">Cyn-weriniaethau'r Undeb Sofietaidd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ewrop" title="Ewrop">Ewrop</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P361" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Arwynebedd</th><td>603,550 km² <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P2046" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Yn ffinio gyda</th><td><a href="/wiki/Belarws" title="Belarws">Belarws</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwlad_Pwyl" title="Gwlad Pwyl">Gwlad Pwyl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slofacia" title="Slofacia">Slofacia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hwngari" title="Hwngari">Hwngari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rwmania" title="Rwmania">Rwmania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moldofa" title="Moldofa">Moldofa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rwsia" title="Rwsia">Rwsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yr_Undeb_Ewropeaidd" title="Yr Undeb Ewropeaidd">yr Undeb Ewropeaidd</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P47" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Cyfesurynnau</th><td>49°N 32°E <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P625" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddf;">Gwleidyddiaeth</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Corff gweithredol</th><td>Cabinet y Gweinidogion <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P208" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Corff deddfwriaethol</th><td><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P194" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Swydd pennaeth   y wladwriaeth</th><td>Arlywydd Wcráin <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P1906" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Pennaeth y wladwriaeth</th><td><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P35" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Swydd pennaeth   y Llywodraeth</th><td>Prif Weinidog Wcráin <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P1313" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Pennaeth y Llywodraeth</th><td>Denys Šmyhal <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P6" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="250" data-zoom="8" data-lat="49" data-lon="32" data-overlays="["_b8d163f87cefdba8647825900af192beb523cb4b"]" href="/wiki/Arbennig:Map/8/49/32/cy"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,49,32,280x250.png?lang=cy&domain=cy.wikipedia.org&title=Wcr%C3%A1in&revid=13273672&groups=_b8d163f87cefdba8647825900af192beb523cb4b" width="280" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,49,32,280x250@2x.png?lang=cy&domain=cy.wikipedia.org&title=Wcr%C3%A1in&revid=13273672&groups=_b8d163f87cefdba8647825900af192beb523cb4b 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Europe-Ukraine_(%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Europe-Ukraine_%28%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5%29.png/270px-Europe-Ukraine_%28%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5%29.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Europe-Ukraine_%28%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5%29.png/405px-Europe-Ukraine_%28%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Europe-Ukraine_%28%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5%29.png/540px-Europe-Ukraine_%28%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%B5%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="861" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ddf;">Ariannol</th></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cynnyrch_mewnwladol_crynswth" title="Cynnyrch mewnwladol crynswth">Cyfanswm CMC (GDP)</a></th><td>$199,766 million, $160,503 million <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P2131" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Arian</th><td>hryvnia <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P38" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Canran y diwaith</th><td>8 ±1 canran <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P1198" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Cyfartaledd plant</th><td>1.498 <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P4841" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Mynegai_Datblygiad_Dynol" class="mw-redirect" title="Mynegai Datblygiad Dynol">Mynegai Datblygiad Dynol</a></th><td>0.773 <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212?uselang=cy#P1081" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Tudalen Comin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ukraine" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ukraine">Ffeiliau perthnasol ar Comin</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="metadata" style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212" class="extiw" title="d:Q212">golygwch ar Wicidata</a>]</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Gwlad" title="Gwlad">Gwlad</a> a <a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth" title="Gweriniaeth">gweriniaeth</a> yn nwyrain <a href="/wiki/Ewrop" title="Ewrop">Ewrop</a> yw Wcráin. Ystyr y gair "Wcráin" yw'r "wlad gyda ffiniau" (yn debyg i'r "Mers" rhwng Cymru a Lloegr), a gwledydd cyfagos iddi yw <a href="/wiki/Ffederasiwn_Rwsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ffederasiwn Rwsia">Ffederasiwn Rwsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarws" title="Belarws">Belarws</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwlad_Pwyl" title="Gwlad Pwyl">Gwlad Pwyl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slofacia" title="Slofacia">Slofacia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hwngari" title="Hwngari">Hwngari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rwmania" title="Rwmania">Rwmania</a> a <a href="/wiki/Moldofa" title="Moldofa">Moldofa</a>. Ei ffin i'r de yw'r <a href="/wiki/Y_M%C3%B4r_Du" title="Y Môr Du">Môr Du</a> ac i'r de ddwyrain ohoni mae'r <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B4r_Azov" title="Môr Azov">Môr Azov</a>. Yn y cyfrifiad diwethaf, roedd poblogaeth y wlad yn 41,167,335 (1 Ionawr 2022). Ym Mawrth 2014 <a href="/wiki/Cyfeddiannaeth" title="Cyfeddiannaeth">cyfeddiannwyd</a> y Crimea gan Rwsia; ar 24 Chwefror 2022 dechreuodd <a href="/wiki/Rhyfel_Rwsia_ac_Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Rhyfel Rwsia ac Wcráin">Rhyfel Rwsia ac Wcráin</a> pan ymosododd Rwsia ar Wcráin. Adenillodd Wcráin lawer o'r tir a gollwyd erbyn diwedd 2022; mae'r rhyfel hwn yn parhau. Mae gan Wcráin arwynebedd o 603,628 km2 (233,062 mi sgw), sy'n golygu mai hi yw'r wlad fwyaf yn <a href="/wiki/Ewrop" title="Ewrop">Ewrop</a> (o'r gwledydd hynny sy'n gyfan gwbl o fewn Ewrop).<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-UKRCONSUL-3">[3]</a> Bu pobl yn byw yma tua 44,000 o flynyddoedd yn ôl,<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> ac mae'n ddigon posib mai yma y dofwyd y <a href="/wiki/Ceffyl" title="Ceffyl">ceffyl</a> am y tro cyntaf,<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> a'r fan lle y cychwynnwyd siarad <a href="/wiki/Ieithoedd_Indo-Ewropeaidd" title="Ieithoedd Indo-Ewropeaidd">Ieithoedd Indo-Ewropeaidd</a>. Mae ehangder ei thiroedd a'i ffermydd ffrwythlon dros y blynyddoedd yn golygu ei bod ymhlith y gwledydd gorau am gynhyrchu <a href="/wiki/Grawn" title="Grawn">grawn</a> ac yn 2011, Wcráin oedd y trydydd gorau drwy'r byd.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Yn ôl <a href="/wiki/Cyfundrefn_Masnach_y_Byd" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyfundrefn Masnach y Byd">Cyfundrefn Masnach y Byd</a>, mae Wcráin, felly'n un o'r 10 gwlad mwyaf dymunol i'w meddiannu.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Ar ben hyn, mae ganddi un o'r diwydiannau creu awyrennau gorau. Ceir poblogaeth o oddeutu 44.6 miliwn o bobl gyda 77.8% ohonyn nhw o darddiad <a href="/wiki/Wcreiniaid" title="Wcreiniaid">Wcreinaidd</a>, 17% yn <a href="/wiki/Rwsia" title="Rwsia">Rwsiaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarwsiaid" title="Belarwsiaid">Belarwsiaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatar">Tatariaid</a> neu'n <a href="/wiki/Rwmania" title="Rwmania">Rwmaniaid</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wcreineg" title="Wcreineg">Wcreineg</a> yw'r iaith swyddogol a'i gwyddor yw'r <a href="/wiki/Yr_wyddor_Gyrilig" title="Yr wyddor Gyrilig">wyddor Gyrilig</a> Wcraneg. Siaredir y <a href="/wiki/Rwsieg" class="mw-redirect" title="Rwsieg">Rwsieg</a> hefyd gan lawer. Y grefydd fwyaf yn y wlad yw'r <a href="/wiki/Eglwys_Uniongred_Ddwyreiniol" class="mw-redirect" title="Eglwys Uniongred Ddwyreiniol">Eglwys Uniongred Ddwyreiniol</a> sydd wedi dylanwadu'n helaeth ar <a href="/wiki/Pensaern%C3%AFaeth" title="Pensaernïaeth">bensaernïaeth</a> y wlad yn ogystal a'i llenyddiaeth a'i cherddoriaeth. Roedd hi'n rhan o'r <a href="/wiki/Undeb_Sofietaidd" class="mw-redirect" title="Undeb Sofietaidd">Undeb Sofietaidd</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geirdarddiad">Geirdarddiad</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Golygu'r adran: Geirdarddiad" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Geirdarddiad">golygu cod</a>]</div> Ceir sawl esboniad am eirdarddiad (neu etymoleg) yr enw Wcráin. Yn ôl un o'r esboniadau cyntaf a hynaf, mae'n golygu "ffiniau",<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> tra bod rhai astudiaethau ieithyddol mwy diweddar yn honni ystyr gwahanol, sef "mamwlad, rhanbarth, neu wlad".<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Yn y Saesneg, arferai The Ukraine fod y ffurf mwyaf cyffredin, a hynny trwy gydol yr <a href="/wiki/20g" class="mw-redirect" title="20g">20g</a>,<a href="#cite_note-merriam-webster-13">[13]</a> ond ers <a href="/w/index.php?title=Datganiad_Annibyniaeth_Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Datganiad Annibyniaeth Wcráin (dim tudalen ar gael)">Datganiad Annibyniaeth Wcráin</a> ym 1991, mae "yr Wcráin" wedi dod yn llai cyffredin yn y byd Saesneg ei iaith, ac mae llawer o ganllawiau'n rhybuddio yn erbyn ei ddefnyddio mewn ysgrifennu proffesiynol.<a href="#cite_note-UKrW812991TU-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Yn ôl llysgennad yr Unol Daleithiau William Taylor, mae "The Ukraine" bellach yn awgrymu diystyru sofraniaeth y wlad.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Safbwynt swyddogol Wcrain yw bod y defnydd o "'yr Wcráin' yn anghywir yn ramadegol ac yn wleidyddol."<a href="#cite_note-BBC_News_Magazine-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Daearyddiaeth">Daearyddiaeth</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Golygu'r adran: Daearyddiaeth" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Daearyddiaeth">golygu cod</a>]</div> Gweler hefyd: <a href="/wiki/Rhestr_dinasoedd_Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Rhestr dinasoedd Wcráin">Rhestr dinasoedd Wcráin</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2300" data-file-height="1533" /></a><figcaption>Golygfa o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mynyddoedd_Carpathia_Wcrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mynyddoedd Carpathia Wcrain (dim tudalen ar gael)">Barc Cenedlaethol Carpathia</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hoverla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hoverla (dim tudalen ar gael)">Hoverla</a>, sef mynydd 2,061 metr - mynydd uchaf Wcráin</figcaption></figure> Mae Wcráin yn wlad fawr yn <a href="/wiki/Dwyrain_Ewrop" title="Dwyrain Ewrop">Nwyrain Ewrop</a>, sy'n gorwedd yn bennaf yng Ngwastadedd Dwyrain Ewrop. Hi yw'r wlad Ewropeaidd ail-fwyaf, ar ôl Rwsia. Mae'n cynnwys ardal o 603,628 metr sg ac mae ganddi arfordir o 2,782 km.<a href="#cite_note-cia-18">[18]</a> Mae'n gorwedd rhwng lledredau 44 ° a 53 ° Gog, a hydoedd 22 ° a 41 ° Dwyr. Mae adnoddau naturiol sylweddol yn Wcrain yn cynnwys <a href="/wiki/Haearn" title="Haearn">mwyn haearn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glo" title="Glo">glo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mangan%C3%AEs" title="Manganîs">manganîs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nwy_naturiol" title="Nwy naturiol">nwy naturiol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olew" title="Olew">olew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Halen" title="Halen">halen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sylffwr" title="Sylffwr">sylffwr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Graffit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Graffit (dim tudalen ar gael)">graffit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Titaniwm" title="Titaniwm">titaniwm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnesiwm" title="Magnesiwm">magnesiwm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaolin" title="Kaolin">caolin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicel" title="Nicel">nicel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercwri" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercwri">mercwri</a>, pren a digonedd o dir âr. Er gwaethaf hyn, mae'r wlad yn wynebu nifer o faterion amgylcheddol mawr fel cyflenwadau annigonol o ddŵr yfed, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Datgoedwigo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Datgoedwigo (dim tudalen ar gael)">datgoedwigo</a>, llygredd aer a dŵr, ynghyd â ymbelydredd <a href="/wiki/Trychineb_Chernobyl" title="Trychineb Chernobyl">damwain 1986 Atomfa Niwclear Chernobyl</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hinsawdd">Hinsawdd</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Golygu'r adran: Hinsawdd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Hinsawdd">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Koppen-Geiger_Map_UKR_present.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Koppen-Geiger_Map_UKR_present.svg/220px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_UKR_present.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Koppen-Geiger_Map_UKR_present.svg/330px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_UKR_present.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Koppen-Geiger_Map_UKR_present.svg/440px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_UKR_present.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1816" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption>Dosbarthiad hinsawdd Köppen yn Wcrain</figcaption></figure> Mae gan Wcrain <a href="/wiki/Hinsawdd_dymherus" title="Hinsawdd dymherus">hinsawdd dymherus</a> ar y cyfan, ac eithrio arfordir deheuol y <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a> sydd â <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hinsawdd_is-drofannol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hinsawdd is-drofannol (dim tudalen ar gael)">hinsawdd isdrofannol</a>.<a href="#cite_note-faoclimate-20">[20]</a> Mae'r hinsawdd yn cael ei dylanwadu gan aer gweddol gynnes a llaith sy'n dod o Gefnfor yr Iwerydd.<a href="#cite_note-ebclimate-21">[21]</a> Gall y tymeredd blynyddol cyfartalog amrywio o 5.5–7 °C (41.9–44.6 °F) yn y gogledd, i 11–13 °C (51.8–55.4 °F) yn y de.<a href="#cite_note-ebclimate-21">[21]</a> Dosberthir y <a href="/wiki/Dyodiad" title="Dyodiad">dyodiad</a> yn anghymesur: mae ar ei uchaf yn y gorllewin a'r gogledd ac ar ei isaf yn y dwyrain a'r de-ddwyrain.<a href="#cite_note-ebclimate-21">[21]</a> Mae Gorllewin Wcráin, yn enwedig ym Mynyddoedd Carpathia, yn derbyn tua 1,200 mm o law yn flynyddol, tra bod Crimea ac ardaloedd arfordirol y Môr Du yn derbyn tua 400 mm.<a href="#cite_note-ebclimate-21">[21]</a> Mewn cymhariaeth, ceir cyfartaledd o 4,473 mm o law ar y Grib Goch, yr Wyddfa, yn flynyddol.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bioamrywiaeth">Bioamrywiaeth</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Golygu'r adran: Bioamrywiaeth" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Bioamrywiaeth">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae Wcráin yn cynnwys chwe ecoregions daearol: coedwigoedd cymysg Canol Ewrop, cyfadeilad coedwigoedd Isdrofannol y Crimea , paith coedwig Dwyrain Ewrop, coedwigoedd cymysg Pannonaidd, coedwigoedd conwydd mynyddig Carpathia, a'r paith Pontig.<a href="#cite_note-DinersteinOlson2017-23">[23]</a> Mae Wcráin yn gartref i gasgliad amrywiol o anifeiliaid, ffyngau, micro-organebau a phlanhigion.  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hanes">Hanes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Golygu'r adran: Hanes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Hanes">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div style="margin-bottom:0.01em; padding: 0.01px; text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"> <dl><dd>Prif: <a href="/wiki/Hanes_Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Hanes Wcráin">Hanes Wcráin</a></dd></dl></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hanes_cynnar">Hanes cynnar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Golygu'r adran: Hanes cynnar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Hanes cynnar">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8.jpg/220px-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8.jpg/330px-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8.jpg/440px-%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Sgythia" title="Sgythia">Pectoral Sgythian</a> Aur, neu ddarn gwddf, o kurgan (safle brenhinol) yn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pokrov,_Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pokrov, Wcráin (dim tudalen ar gael)">Pokrov</a>, wedi'i ddyddio i'r <a href="/wiki/4g_CC" class="mw-redirect" title="4g CC">4g CC</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Neanderthal" title="Neanderthal">Gwelir anheddiad Neanderthalaidd</a> yn Wcráin yn safleoedd archeolegol Molodova (43,000-45,000 CC) sy'n cynnwys esgyrn <a href="/wiki/Mamoth" title="Mamoth">mamoth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Gellir cymharu hyn gyda'r darganfyddiad o ddant Neanderthal yn Ogof Bontnewyd, sy'n dyddio nôl i tua 225,000 o flynyddoedd <a href="/wiki/CP" title="CP">CP</a>. Ystyrir mai yma hefyd yw'r lleoliad mwyaf tebygol lle dofwyd ceffylau am y tro cyntaf.<a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Caiff anheddiadau dynol modern yn Wcráin a'i gyffiniaueu dyddio'n ôl i 32,000 CC, gyda thystiolaeth o'r diwylliant Grafetaidd ym <a href="/wiki/Mynyddoedd_Crimea" title="Mynyddoedd Crimea">Mynyddoedd y Crimea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-orig-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-30">[30]</a> Erbyn 4,500 CC, roedd diwylliant <a href="/wiki/Oes_Newydd_y_Cerrig" title="Oes Newydd y Cerrig">Oes Newydd y Cerrig</a> (neu'r Neolithig) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diwylliant_Cucuteni-Trypillia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diwylliant Cucuteni-Trypillia (dim tudalen ar gael)">Cucuteni-Trypillia</a> yn ffynnu mewn ardaloedd eang o Wcráin gan gynnwys <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trypillia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trypillia (dim tudalen ar gael)">Trypillia</a> a'r cyfan o <a href="/wiki/Afon_Dnieper" title="Afon Dnieper">Dnieper</a>-<a href="/wiki/Afon_Dniester" title="Afon Dniester">Dniester</a>. Yn ystod yr <a href="/wiki/Oes_yr_Haearn" title="Oes yr Haearn">Oes Haearn</a> roedd Cimeriaid, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scythiaid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scythiaid (dim tudalen ar gael)">Sgythiaid</a> a <a href="/wiki/Sarmatiaid" title="Sarmatiaid">Sarmatiaid</a> yn byw ar y tir hwn.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Rhwng 700 CC a 200 CC roedd yn rhan o'r Deyrnas Sgythian, neu <a href="/wiki/Sgythia" title="Sgythia">Sgythia</a>. Gan ddechrau yn y <a href="/wiki/6g_CC" class="mw-redirect" title="6g CC">6g CC</a>, sefydlwyd cytrefi o <a href="/wiki/Groeg_yr_Henfyd" title="Groeg yr Henfyd">Groeg yr Henfyd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhufain_hynafol" title="Rhufain hynafol">Rhufain hynafol</a>, a'r <a href="/wiki/Yr_Ymerodraeth_Fysantaidd" title="Yr Ymerodraeth Fysantaidd">Ymerodraeth Fysantaidd</a>, megis Tyras, Olbia, a Chersonesus, ar lan ogledd-ddwyreiniol y <a href="/wiki/Y_M%C3%B4r_Du" title="Y Môr Du">Môr Du</a>. Ffynnodd y cytrefi hyn ymhell i'r <a href="/wiki/6ed_ganrif" title="6ed ganrif">6g OC</a>. Arhosodd y <a href="/wiki/Gothiaid" title="Gothiaid">Gothiaid</a> yn yr ardal, ond daethant o dan ddylanwad yr <a href="/wiki/Hyniaid" title="Hyniaid">Hyniaid</a> o'r <a href="/wiki/370au" title="370au">370au</a> OC ymlaen. Yn y <a href="/wiki/7g" class="mw-redirect" title="7g">7g</a>, y diriogaeth sydd bellach yn nwyrain Wcrain oedd canolbwynt Bwlgaria Fawr. Ar ddiwedd y ganrif, ymfudodd mwyafrif llwythau'r Bwlgar i gyfeiriadau gwahanol, a <a href="/wiki/Khazariaid" title="Khazariaid">chymerodd y Khazariaid</a> drosodd lawer o'r tir.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Yn y <a href="/wiki/5ed_ganrif" title="5ed ganrif">bumed</a> a'r <a href="/wiki/6g" class="mw-redirect" title="6g">6g</a>, roedd yr Antes wedi'u lleoli yn nhiriogaeth yr hyn sydd bellach yn Wcráin. Roedd yr Antes yn hynafiaid i'r <a href="/wiki/Wcreiniaid" title="Wcreiniaid">Wcreiniaid</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatiaid_Gwyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Croatiaid Gwyn (dim tudalen ar gael)">Croatiaid Gwyn</a>, Severiaid, Polans, <a href="/wiki/Drevlyane" title="Drevlyane">Drevlyans</a>, Dulebes, Ulichianiaid, a Tiverianiaid. Sefydlodd ymfudiadau o Wcráin ledled y <a href="/wiki/Balcanau" title="Balcanau">Balcanau</a> lawer o genhedloedd De Slafaidd. Arweiniodd ymfudiadau gogleddol, a gyrhaeddodd bron i <a href="/wiki/Llyn_Ilmen" title="Llyn Ilmen">Llyn Ilmen</a>, at ymddangosiad y Slafiaid Ilmen, Krivichs, a Radimichiaid, llinach y <a href="/wiki/Rwsiaid" title="Rwsiaid">Rwsiaid</a>. Ar ôl cyrch Avar yn 602 a chwymp Undeb Antes, goroesodd y mwyafrif o'r bobloedd hyn fel llwythau ar wahân tan ddechrau'r ail mileniwm.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oes_Aur_Kyiv">Oes Aur Kyiv</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Golygu'r adran: Oes Aur Kyiv" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Oes Aur Kyiv">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Vasnetsov_Bapt_Vladimir.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Vasnetsov_Bapt_Vladimir.jpg/220px-Vasnetsov_Bapt_Vladimir.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Vasnetsov_Bapt_Vladimir.jpg/330px-Vasnetsov_Bapt_Vladimir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Vasnetsov_Bapt_Vladimir.jpg/440px-Vasnetsov_Bapt_Vladimir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="1170" /></a><figcaption> Arweiniodd bedydd yr Uwch Dywysog Vladimir yn 988 at fabwysiadu Cristnogaeth yn <a href="/wiki/Rws_Kiefaidd" class="mw-redirect" title="Rws Kiefaidd">Kievan Rus'</a>.</figcaption></figure> Sefydlwyd ‘Kievan Rus’ yn nhiriogaeth y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polans_(dwyreiniol)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polans (dwyreiniol) (dim tudalen ar gael)">Polans Dwyreiniol</a>, a oedd yn byw ymhlith afonydd Ros, Rosava, a <a href="/wiki/Afon_Dnieper" title="Afon Dnieper">Dnieper</a>. Daeth yr hanesydd Rwsiaidd Boris Rybakov arbenigwr mewn ieithyddiaeth a chroniclau Rwsia i'r casgliad bod undeb Polans o lwythi'r rhanbarth canol Dnieper yn galw ei hun wrth enw un o'i lwythi, "Ros", a ymunodd â'r undeb ac a oedd yn hysbys o leiaf ers y <a href="/wiki/6g" class="mw-redirect" title="6g">6g</a> ymhell y tu hwnt i'r byd Slafaidd.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Mae tarddiad tywysogaeth Kyiv yn ddadl fawr ac mae o leiaf dair fersiwn yn bodoli, yn dibynnu ar y dehongliadau o'r croniclau.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Yn gyffredinol credir bod Kievan Rus' yn cynnwys rhan ganolog, orllewinol a gogleddol Wcráin fodern, <a href="/wiki/Belarws" title="Belarws">Belarus</a>, llain ddwyreiniol bellaf Gwlad Pwyl a rhan orllewinol Rwsia heddiw. Yn ôl y <a href="/wiki/Brut_Cynradd_Rwsieg" class="mw-redirect" title="Brut Cynradd Rwsieg">Prif Gronicle</a> roedd elit y Rus yn cynnwys Varangiaid o <a href="/wiki/Llychlyn" title="Llychlyn">Sgandinafiaid</a> i ddechrau.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ail_Ryfel_Byd">Ail Ryfel Byd</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Golygu'r adran: Ail Ryfel Byd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ail Ryfel Byd">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Ukraine-growth.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ukraine-growth.png/220px-Ukraine-growth.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ukraine-growth.png/330px-Ukraine-growth.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ukraine-growth.png/440px-Ukraine-growth.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="475" /></a><figcaption> Datblygiad tiriogaethol <a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth_Sofietaidd_Wcr%C3%A1in" class="mw-redirect" title="Gweriniaeth Sofietaidd Wcráin">SSR</a> Wcráin, 1922–1954</figcaption></figure> Yn dilyn Goresgyniad Gwlad Pwyl ym Medi 1939, rhannodd milwyr yr <a href="/wiki/Yr_Almaen_Nats%C3%AFaidd" title="Yr Almaen Natsïaidd">Almaen</a> a Rwsia diriogaeth Gwlad Pwyl. Felly, daeth Dwyrain Galicia a Volhynia gyda'u poblogaeth Wcrain yn rhan o Wcráin. Am y tro cyntaf mewn hanes, unwyd y genedl.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Ymosododd byddinoedd <a href="/wiki/Yr_Almaen_Nats%C3%AFaidd" title="Yr Almaen Natsïaidd">yr Almaen</a> <a href="/wiki/Cyrch_Barbarossa" title="Cyrch Barbarossa">ar yr Undeb Sofietaidd</a> (gw. <a href="/wiki/Cyrch_Barbarossa" title="Cyrch Barbarossa">Cyrch Barbarossa</a>) ar 22 Mehefin 1941, gan gychwyn bron i bedair blynedd o <a href="/wiki/Rhyfel_diarbed" title="Rhyfel diarbed">ryfela</a>. I ddechrau, datblygodd yr Echel yn erbyn ymdrechion enbyd ond aflwyddiannus y <a href="/wiki/Y_Fyddin_Goch" title="Y Fyddin Goch">Fyddin Goch</a>. Ym mrwydr amgylchynu <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a>, cafodd y ddinas ei chanmol fel "Dinas-Arwr", oherwydd ei gwrthwynebiad ffyrnig. Lladdwyd neu cymerwyd mwy na 600,000 o filwyr Sofietaidd yno, gyda llawer yn dioddef camdriniaeth ddifrifol.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Er bod mwyafrif yr Iwcraniaid wedi ymladd yn y Fyddin Goch,<a href="#cite_note-worldwars-41">[41]</a> yng Ngorllewin Wcrain <a href="/w/index.php?title=Byddin_Gwrthryfel_Wcrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byddin Gwrthryfel Wcrain (dim tudalen ar gael)">cododd mudiad Byddin Gwrthryfel Wcrain</a> annibynnol (UPA, 1942). Fe'i sefydlwyd fel llu arfog tanddaear (Mudiad Cenedlaetholwyr Wcreineg, OUN)<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-vedeneyev-43">[43]</a> ac fe ddatblygodd yng Ngwlad Pwyl rhwng y ddau ryfel fel sefydliad cenedlaetholgar. Yn ystod y cyfnod rhwng y ddau ryfel, roedd polisïau llywodraeth Gwlad Pwyl tuag at y lleiafrif Wcreineg yn gynnes iawn i ddechrau, ond erbyn diwedd y <a href="/wiki/1930au" title="1930au">1930au</a> daethant yn fwyfwy llym oherwydd aflonyddwch sifil. Cefnogodd y ddau sefydliad, OUN ac UPA y nod o wladwriaeth Wcreineg annibynnol. Gan ddechrau yng nghanol 1943 ac yn para tan ddiwedd y rhyfel, cynhaliodd UPA cyrchoedd dileu Pwyliaid ethnig yn rhanbarthau Volhynia a Dwyrain Galicia, gan ladd tua 100,000 o sifiliaid Pwylaidd.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Roedd y cyflafanau trefnus yn ymgais gan OUN i greu gwladwriaeth Wcreineg homogenaidd heb leiafrif Pwylaidd yn byw o fewn ei ffiniau, ac i atal y wladwriaeth Bwylaidd ar ôl y rhyfel rhag honni ei sofraniaeth dros ardaloedd a oedd wedi bod yn rhan o Wlad Pwyl cyn y rhyfel.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Ar ôl y rhyfel, parhaodd yr UPA i ymladd yr Undeb Sofietaidd tan y <a href="/wiki/1950au" title="1950au">1950au</a>.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Ar yr un pryd, ymladdodd Byddin Annibyniaeth Wcrain, mudiad cenedlaetholgar arall, ochr yn ochr â'r Natsïaid.  <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Ruined_Kiev_in_WWII.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Ruined_Kiev_in_WWII.jpg/220px-Ruined_Kiev_in_WWII.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Ruined_Kiev_in_WWII.jpg/330px-Ruined_Kiev_in_WWII.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Ruined_Kiev_in_WWII.jpg/440px-Ruined_Kiev_in_WWII.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1925" data-file-height="1223" /></a><figcaption>Dioddefodd <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> yn aruthrol yn ystod yr Ail Ryfel Byd, ac fe'i meddiannwyd gan yr Almaenwyr rhwng 19 Medi 1941 hyd at 6 Tachwedd 1943.</figcaption></figure> Amcangyfrifir bod cyfanswm yr Iwcraniaid ethnig a ymladdodd yn rhengoedd y Fyddin Sofietaidd rhwng 4.5 miliwn<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> a 7 miliwn.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Amcangyfrifir bod y niferoedd a ymladdodd fel milwyr gerila, pleidiol i'r Sofietiaid yn Wcrain yn 47,800 ar y dechrau, i tua 500,000 yn ei anterth ym 1944, gyda thua 50% yn Wcraniaid ethnig.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> Yn gyffredinol, mae ffigurau Byddin Gwrthryfel Wcrain yn annibynadwy, gyda ffigurau'n amrywio o 15,000 i gymaint â 100,000 o ymladdwyr.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ar_ôl_yr_Ail_Ryfel_Byd">Ar ôl yr Ail Ryfel Byd</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Golygu'r adran: Ar ôl yr Ail Ryfel Byd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Ar ôl yr Ail Ryfel Byd">golygu cod</a>]</div> Difrodwyd y weriniaeth yn drwm gan y rhyfel, ac roedd angen ymdrechion sylweddol i'w hadfer. Dinistriwyd dros 700 o ddinasoedd a threfi a 28,000 o bentrefi.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Gwaethygwyd y sefyllfa gan <a href="/wiki/Newyn" title="Newyn">newyn</a> ym 1946-47, a achoswyd gan ddinistr y rhyfel. Mae'r nifer a fu farw yn y newyn hwn yn amrywio, gyda hyd yn oed yr amcangyfrif isaf yn y degau o filoedd.<a href="#cite_note-dt-kul-dem-los-54">[54]</a> Ym 1945, daeth SSR Wcráin yn un o aelodau-sefydlu cyntaf y <a href="/wiki/Y_Cenhedloedd_Unedig" title="Y Cenhedloedd Unedig">Cenhedloedd Unedig</a>,<a href="#cite_note-un_ukssr-55">[55]</a> rhan o gytundeb arbennig yng <a href="/wiki/Cynhadledd_Yalta" title="Cynhadledd Yalta">Nghynhadledd Yalta</a>.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Erbyn <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a>, roedd y weriniaeth wedi rhagori ar lefelau cynhyrchu diwydiannol cyn y rhyfel.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Yn ystod cynllun pum mlynedd 1946-1950, buddsoddwyd bron i 20% o'r gyllideb Sofietaidd yn Wcrain, cynnydd o 5% o gynlluniau cyn y rhyfel. O ganlyniad, cododd gweithlu Wcrain 33.2% rhwng 1940 a 1955 tra tyfodd allbwn diwydiannol 2.2 gwaith yn yr un cyfnod.  Yn fuan daeth Wcráin Sofiet yn arweinydd Ewropeaidd ym maes cynhyrchu diwydiannol,<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> ac yn ganolfan bwysig yn y diwydiant arfau Sofietaidd ac ymchwil uwch-dechnoleg. Arweiniodd rôl mor bwysig at ddylanwad mawr yr elît lleol. Daeth llawer o aelodau arweinyddiaeth yr Sofietiaid o Wcráin, yn fwyaf arbennig <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Leonid Brezhnev</a>. Yn ddiweddarach, fe gymerodd le Khrushchev a daeth yn arweinydd Sofietaidd rhwng 1964 a 1982. Daeth llawer o chwaraewyr, gwyddonwyr ac artistiaid amlwg o Wcráin.  Ar 26 Ebrill 1986, ffrwydrodd adweithydd yn Atomfa Niwclear Chernobyl, gan arwain at <a href="/wiki/Trychineb_Chernobyl" title="Trychineb Chernobyl">drychineb Chernobyl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adweithydd_niwclear" title="Adweithydd niwclear">damwain yr adweithydd niwclear</a> gwaethaf mewn hanes.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> Hwn oedd yr unig ddamwain i dderbyn y sgôr uchaf bosibl o 7 gan y Raddfa Digwyddiad Niwclear Rhyngwladol, tan <a href="/wiki/Trychineb_Niwclear_Fukushima" title="Trychineb Niwclear Fukushima">drychineb niwclear Fukushima Daiichi</a> ym mis Mawrth 2011.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Ar adeg y ddamwain, roedd 7 miliwn o bobl yn byw yn yr ardal, gan gynnwys 2.2 miliwn yn Wcráin.<a href="#cite_note-Chernobyl.info-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Annibyniaeth">Annibyniaeth</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Golygu'r adran: Annibyniaeth" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Annibyniaeth">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:RIAN_archive_848095_Signing_the_Agreement_to_eliminate_the_USSR_and_establish_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/RIAN_archive_848095_Signing_the_Agreement_to_eliminate_the_USSR_and_establish_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States.jpg/220px-RIAN_archive_848095_Signing_the_Agreement_to_eliminate_the_USSR_and_establish_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/RIAN_archive_848095_Signing_the_Agreement_to_eliminate_the_USSR_and_establish_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States.jpg/330px-RIAN_archive_848095_Signing_the_Agreement_to_eliminate_the_USSR_and_establish_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/RIAN_archive_848095_Signing_the_Agreement_to_eliminate_the_USSR_and_establish_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States.jpg/440px-RIAN_archive_848095_Signing_the_Agreement_to_eliminate_the_USSR_and_establish_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption> Llofnododd Arlywydd Wcráin <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a> ac Arlywydd Ffederasiwn Rwsia <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> Cydsyniadau Belavezha, gan <a href="/wiki/Diddymiad_yr_Undeb_Sofietaidd" title="Diddymiad yr Undeb Sofietaidd">ddiddymu'r Undeb Sofietaidd</a>, ar 8 Rhagfyr 1991</figcaption></figure> Ar 21 Ionawr 1990,<a href="#cite_note-subtelny-576-62">[62]</a> trefnwyd cadwyn ddynol fel rhan o'r ymgyrch dros annibyniaeth Wcráin rhwng <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> a <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a>, er cof am uniad 1919 (Deddf Uno) <a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth_Pobl_Wcr%C3%A1in" title="Gweriniaeth Pobl Wcráin">Gweriniaeth Pobl Wcráin</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gweriniaeth_Genedlaethol_Gorllewin_Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gweriniaeth Genedlaethol Gorllewin Wcráin (dim tudalen ar gael)">Gweriniaeth Genedlaethol Gorllewin Wcráin</a>. Daeth dinasyddion allan i'r strydoedd a'r priffyrdd, gan ffurfio cadwyni o bobl yn dal dwylo i gefnogi annibyniaeth eu gwlad. Ar 16 Gorffennaf 1990, mabwysiadodd y senedd newydd y Datganiad o Sofraniaeth Gwladwriaethol Wcráin.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Sefydlodd hyn egwyddorion hunanbenderfyniad, democratiaeth, annibyniaeth, a blaenoriaeth cyfraith Wcráin dros gyfraith Sofietaidd. Fis yn gynharach, mabwysiadwyd datganiad tebyg gan senedd SFSR Rwsia. Dechreuodd hyn gyfnod o wrthdaro â'r awdurdodau Sofietaidd canolog. Ar Hydref 2–17, 1990, cynhaliwyd "y Chwyldro ar Wenithfaen" yn Wcráin, prif bwrpas y weithred oedd atal llofnodi cytundeb undeb newydd <a href="/wiki/Yr_Undeb_Sofietaidd" title="Yr Undeb Sofietaidd">yr Undeb Sofietaidd</a>. Bodlonwyd gofynion y myfyrwyr trwy lofnodi penderfyniad o'r Verkhovna Rada, a oedd yn gwarantu eu gweithredu.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Ym mis Awst 1991 ceisiodd carfan ymhlith arweinwyr Comiwnyddol yr Undeb Sofietaidd <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> yn erbyn <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> er mwyn adfer pŵer y Blaid Gomiwnyddol. Ond wedi iddi fethu, ar 24 Awst 1991, mabwysiadodd senedd Wcrain y Ddeddf Annibyniaeth.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Y_Chwyldro_Oren">Y Chwyldro Oren</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Golygu'r adran: Y Chwyldro Oren" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Y Chwyldro Oren">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div style="margin-bottom:0.01em; padding: 0.01px; text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"> <dl><dd>Prif: <a href="/wiki/Y_Chwyldro_Oren" title="Y Chwyldro Oren">Y Chwyldro Oren</a></dd></dl></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Joesjtsjenko_Marion_Kiev_2004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Joesjtsjenko_Marion_Kiev_2004.jpg/220px-Joesjtsjenko_Marion_Kiev_2004.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Joesjtsjenko_Marion_Kiev_2004.jpg/330px-Joesjtsjenko_Marion_Kiev_2004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Joesjtsjenko_Marion_Kiev_2004.jpg/440px-Joesjtsjenko_Marion_Kiev_2004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption> Protestwyr yn Sgwâr Annibyniaeth ar ddiwrnod cyntaf y Chwyldro Oren</figcaption></figure> Yn 2004, cyhoeddwyd mai <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovich" title="Viktor Yanukovich">Viktor Yanukovich</a>, y Prif Weinidog ar y pryd, oedd enillydd yr etholiadau arlywyddol, a oedd wedi eu rigio, fel y dyfarnodd y Goruchaf Lys yn ddiweddarach.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Achosodd hyn gryn ymateb gan y bobl, fel cefnogaeth i ymgeisydd yr wrthblaid, Viktor Yushchenko, a heriodd y canlyniad. Yn ystod misoedd cythryblus y chwyldro, yn sydyn aeth yr ymgeisydd Yushchenko yn ddifrifol wael, a buan y canfuwyd gan grwpiau meddygon annibynnol lluosog iddo gael ei wenwyno gan ddeuocsin TCDD.<a href="#cite_note-CBS:_Yushchenko:_Live_And_Carry_On-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ref_j-68">[68]</a> Roedd Yushchenko yn amau'n gryf mai Rwsia wnaeth ei wenwyno.<a href="#cite_note-Ref_2009c-69">[69]</a> Yn y pen draw, arweiniodd hyn oll at y <a href="/wiki/Chwyldro_Oren" class="mw-redirect" title="Chwyldro Oren">Chwyldro Oren</a> heddychlon, gan ddod â Viktor Yushchenko a <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a> i rym, wrth fwrw Viktor Yanukovych yn wrthblaid.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Goresgyniad_gan_Rwsia">Goresgyniad gan Rwsia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Golygu'r adran: Goresgyniad gan Rwsia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Goresgyniad gan Rwsia">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div style="margin-bottom:0.01em; padding: 0.01px; text-align: left; font-size: 100%;"> <dl><dd>Prif: <a href="/wiki/Goresgyniad_Wcr%C3%A1in_gan_Rwsia_yn_2022" title="Goresgyniad Wcráin gan Rwsia yn 2022">Goresgyniad Wcráin gan Rwsia yn 2022</a></dd></dl></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gwleidyddiaeth">Gwleidyddiaeth</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Golygu'r adran: Gwleidyddiaeth" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Gwleidyddiaeth">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae Wcráin yn weriniaeth o dan system <a href="/w/index.php?title=System_lled-arlywyddol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="System lled-arlywyddol (dim tudalen ar gael)">lled-arlywyddol</a> lled-seneddol gymysg gyda <a href="/wiki/Deddfwrfa" title="Deddfwrfa">changhennau deddfwriaethol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gweithrediaeth" title="Gweithrediaeth">gweithrediaeth</a> (ecseciwtif) a <a href="/wiki/Barnwriaeth" title="Barnwriaeth">barnwrol ar</a> wahân. Enw'r senedd yw'r <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cyfansoddiad_Wcráin">Cyfansoddiad Wcráin</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Golygu'r adran: Cyfansoddiad Wcráin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Cyfansoddiad Wcráin">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Ukrainian_parliamentary_election,_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ukrainian_parliamentary_election%2C_2007.jpg/220px-Ukrainian_parliamentary_election%2C_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ukrainian_parliamentary_election%2C_2007.jpg/330px-Ukrainian_parliamentary_election%2C_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ukrainian_parliamentary_election%2C_2007.jpg/440px-Ukrainian_parliamentary_election%2C_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption> Yn yr oes fodern, mae Wcráin wedi dod yn wlad fwy democrataidd.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Mae'r llun hwn yn dangos etholwyr yn pleidleisio mewn etholiad seneddol yn 2007. Sylwer ar y blychau pleidleisio tryloyw.</figcaption></figure> Gyda chyhoeddi annibyniaeth ar 24 Awst 1991, a mabwysiadu cyfansoddiad ar 28 Mehefin 1996, daeth Wcráin yn weriniaeth lled-arlywyddol. Fodd bynnag, yn 2004, cyflwynodd y dirprwyon newidiadau i'r Cyfansoddiad, a oedd yn troi'r cydbwysedd pŵer o blaid <a href="/wiki/Llywodraeth_seneddol" title="Llywodraeth seneddol">system seneddol</a>. Rhwng 2004 a 2010, cafodd cyfreithlondeb gwelliannau Cyfansoddiadol 2004 sancsiwn swyddogol, gyda Llys Cyfansoddiadol Wcráin, a'r mwyafrif o'r prif bleidiau gwleidyddol.<a href="#cite_note-1oct-75">[75]</a> Er gwaethaf hyn, ar 30 Medi 2010 dyfarnodd y Llys Cyfansoddiadol fod y gwelliannau yn ddi-rym, gan orfodi dychwelyd i delerau Cyfansoddiad 1996 gan wneud system wleidyddol Wcráin yn fwy arlywyddol ei chymeriad. Daeth y dyfarniad ar welliannau Cyfansoddiadol 2004 yn bwnc o bwys yn y byd gwleidyddol. Roedd llawer o'r pryder yn seiliedig ar y ffaith nad oedd Cyfansoddiad 1996 na Chyfansoddiad 2004 yn darparu'r gallu i "ddadwneud y Cyfansoddiad", fel y byddai gan benderfyniad y Llys Cyfansoddiadol, er y gellir dadlau bod gan gyfansoddiad 2004 restr o weithdrefnau posibl ar gyfer diwygiadau cyfansoddiadol (erthyglau 154–159). Beth bynnag, gellid addasu'r Cyfansoddiad presennol trwy bleidlais yn y Senedd.<a href="#cite_note-1oct-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> <a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Ar 21 Chwefror 2014 cafwyd cytundeb rhwng yr Arlywydd i ddychwelyd i Gyfansoddiad 2004. Dilynodd y cytundeb hanesyddol, a froceriwyd gan yr <a href="/wiki/Yr_Undeb_Ewropeaidd" title="Yr Undeb Ewropeaidd">Undeb Ewropeaidd</a>, y protestiadau Euromaidan a ddechreuodd ddiwedd mis Tachwedd 2013 ac a ddaeth i ben gydag wythnos o wrthdaro treisgar lle lladdwyd ugeiniau o wrthdystwyr. Yn ogystal â dychwelyd i Gyfansoddiad 2004, roedd y fargen yn darparu ar gyfer ffurfio llywodraeth glymblaid, galw etholiadau cynnar, a rhyddhau’r cyn Brif Weinidog <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a> o’r carchar.<a href="#cite_note-Ukraine2014protests-79">[79]</a> Diwrnod ar ôl dod i'r cytundeb diswyddodd senedd Wcráin, <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovich" title="Viktor Yanukovich">Viktor Yanukovich</a>, a gosod ei siaradwr Oleksandr Turchynov yn arlywydd dros dro<a href="#cite_note-UkrainePresidentReplaced-80">[80]</a> ac Arseniy Yatsenyuk fel Prif Weinidog Wcráin.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lluoedd_arfog">Lluoedd arfog</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Golygu'r adran: Lluoedd arfog" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Lluoedd arfog">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Kissing_the_flag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Kissing_the_flag.jpg/220px-Kissing_the_flag.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Kissing_the_flag.jpg/330px-Kissing_the_flag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Kissing_the_flag.jpg/440px-Kissing_the_flag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1090" data-file-height="810" /></a><figcaption> Mae Henadii Lachkov, rheolwr mintai Wcrain yn yr Heddlu Aml-Genedlaethol - Irac, yn cusanu baner ei wlad</figcaption></figure> Ar ôl diddymu'r Undeb Sofietaidd, etifeddodd Wcráin lu milwrol 780,000 o ddynion gydag arsenal o arfau niwclear - y trydydd-fwyaf yn y byd.<a href="#cite_note-milgov-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Ym Mai 1992, llofnododd Wcráin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protocol_Lisbon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protocol Lisbon (dim tudalen ar gael)">Brotocol Lisbon</a> lle cytunodd y wlad i ildio’r holl arfau niwclear i Rwsia i’w gwaredu ac ymuno â’r <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cytundeb_Ymlediad_Niwclear_Niwclear&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cytundeb Ymlediad Niwclear Niwclear (dim tudalen ar gael)">Cytundeb Ymlediad Niwclear Niwclear</a> fel gwladwriaeth arfau nad yw’n niwclear. Cadarnhaodd Wcráin y cytundeb ym 1994, ac erbyn 1996 daeth y wlad yn gwbwl rydd o arfau niwclear.<a href="#cite_note-milgov-82">[82]</a> Cymerodd Wcráin gamau cyson tuag at leihau arfau confensiynol hefyd. Llofnododd y Cytundeb Lluoedd Arfog Confensiynol Ewrop, a oedd yn galw am leihau tanciau, magnelau a cherbydau arfog a gostyngwyd lluoedd y fyddin i 300,000. Mae'r wlad yn bwriadu trosi'r fyddin gyfredol sy'n seiliedig ar <a href="/wiki/Gorfodaeth_filwrol" title="Gorfodaeth filwrol">gonsgript yn</a> llu filwrol gwirfoddol proffesiynol.<a href="#cite_note-wbook06-84">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Is-adrannau_gweinyddol">Is-adrannau gweinyddol</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Golygu'r adran: Is-adrannau gweinyddol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Is-adrannau gweinyddol">golygu cod</a>]</div> Mae'r system o israniadau Wcráin yn adlewyrchu statws y wlad fel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gwladwriaeth_unedol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gwladwriaeth unedol (dim tudalen ar gael)">gwladwriaeth unedol</a> (fel y nodwyd yng nghyfansoddiad y wlad) gyda chyfundrefnau cyfreithiol a gweinyddol unedig ar gyfer pob uned. Gan gynnwys Sevastopol a Gweriniaeth Ymreolaethol y Crimea a atodwyd gan Ffederasiwn Rwsia yn 2014, mae Wcráin yn cynnwys 27 rhanbarth: pedwar oblast ar hugain (taleithiau), un <a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth_ymreolaethol" title="Gweriniaeth ymreolaethol">weriniaeth ymreolaethol</a> (Gweriniaeth Ymreolaethol y Crimea), a dwy ddinas o statws arbennig - <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a>, y brifddinas, a Sevastopol. Mae'r 24 oblast a Crimea wedi'u hisrannu'n 136 <a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> <a href="/wiki/Raion" title="Raion">raions</a> (ardaloedd) a bwrdeistrefi dinesig o arwyddocâd rhanbarthol, neu unedau gweinyddol ail lefel. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gwahaniaethau_rhanbarthol">Gwahaniaethau rhanbarthol</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Golygu'r adran: Gwahaniaethau rhanbarthol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Gwahaniaethau rhanbarthol">golygu cod</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Wcreineg" title="Wcreineg">Wcreineg</a> yw'r brif iaith yng Ngorllewin Wcráin ac yng Nghanol Wcráin, tra mai <a href="/wiki/Rwseg" title="Rwseg">Rwseg</a> yw'r brif iaith yn ninasoedd Dwyrain Wcráin a De Wcráin. Yn <a href="/wiki/Gweriniaeth_Sofietaidd_Wcr%C3%A1in" class="mw-redirect" title="Gweriniaeth Sofietaidd Wcráin">ysgolion SSR</a> Wcrain, roedd dysgu <a href="/wiki/Rwseg" title="Rwseg">Rwsieg</a> yn orfodol; ar hyn o bryd yn Wcráin fodern, mae ysgolion sydd â Wcreineg fel iaith addysgu yn cynnig dosbarthiadau mewn Rwseg ac yn yr ieithoedd lleiafrifol eraill.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-RatingJuly12-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Yn ystod etholiadau mae pleidleiswyr oblasts (taleithiau) Gorllewin a Chanolbarth Wcráin yn pleidleisio'n bennaf dros bleidiau<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> ac ymgeiswyr arlywyddol gyda llwyfan <a href="/wiki/Y_Gorllewin" title="Y Gorllewin">diwygio pro-Orllewinol</a> a gwladwriaethol, tra bod pleidleiswyr yn oblasts De a Dwyrain yn pleidleisio dros bleidiau ac ymgeiswyr arlywyddol gyda llwyfan pro-Rwsiaidd a thros gadw'r status quo.<a href="#cite_note-EWparties-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-Umland-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> Fodd bynnag, mae'r gwahaniaeth daearyddol hwn yn lleihau'n flynyddol.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trefoli">Trefoli</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Golygu'r adran: Trefoli" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Trefoli">golygu cod</a>]</div> Fel trosolwg, mae gan Wcráin 457 o ddinasoedd, mae 176 ohonynt wedi'u labelu'n "oblast", 279 dinas "raion, a dwy ddinas statws cyfreithiol arbennig. Yna ceir 886 o drefi a 28,552 o bentrefi.<a href="#cite_note-oblasts-99">[99]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demograffeg">Demograffeg</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Golygu'r adran: Demograffeg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Demograffeg">golygu cod</a>]</div> Yn ôl Cyfrifiad Wcráin 2001, mae'r <a href="/wiki/Wcreiniaid" title="Wcreiniaid">Wcreiniaid</a> ethnig yn ffurfio 77.8% o'r boblogaeth. Grwpiau mawr eraill ydy'r <a href="/wiki/Rwsiaid" title="Rwsiaid">Rwsiaid</a> (17.3%), <a href="/wiki/Belarwsiaid" title="Belarwsiaid">Belarwsiaid</a> (0.6%), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moldofiaid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moldofiaid (dim tudalen ar gael)">Moldofiaid</a> (0.5%), <a href="/wiki/Tatariaid" title="Tatariaid">Tatariaid</a> <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a> (0.5%), <a href="/wiki/Bwlgariaid" title="Bwlgariaid">Bwlgariaid</a> (0.4%), <a href="/wiki/Hwngariaid" class="mw-redirect" title="Hwngariaid">Hwngariaid</a> (0.3%), <a href="/wiki/Rwmaniaid" class="mw-redirect" title="Rwmaniaid">Rwmaniaid</a> (0.3%), <a href="/wiki/Pwyliaid" title="Pwyliaid">Pwyliaid</a> (0.3%), <a href="/wiki/Iddewon" title="Iddewon">Iddewon</a> (0.2%), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armeniaid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armeniaid (dim tudalen ar gael)">Armeniaid</a> (0.2%), <a href="/wiki/Groegwyr" class="mw-redirect" title="Groegwyr">Groegwyr</a> (0.2%) a'r Tatariad eraill (0.2%). Poblogaeth wrban sy gan Wcráin gyda 67.2% yn byw mewn trefi. Ers degawd a mwy mae argyfwng demograffaidd yn y wlad gyda mwy yn marw na'r genedigaethau. Genedigaethau 9.55 /1,000 poblogaeth, Marwolaethau 15.93 /1,000 poblogaeth. Mae lefel iechyd isel yn y wlad yn cyfrannu at hyn ac yn 2007 roedd y boblogaeth yn gostwng ar y pedwerydd gyflymdra yn y byd. Telir 12,250 hryvnia (tua £120) am y plentyn cyntaf, 25,000 hryvnia (tua £250) am yr ail a 50,000 hryvnia (tua £500) am y trydydd a phedwerydd. Dim ond mewn chwarter o'r ardaloedd mae cynnydd poblogaeth - i gyd yng ngorllewin y wlad. Rhwng 1991 a 2004, symudodd tua 3.3 miliwn i mewn i Wcráin (o'r <a href="/wiki/Undeb_Sofietaidd" class="mw-redirect" title="Undeb Sofietaidd">Undeb Sofietaidd</a>) ac aeth 2.5 miliwn allan - y rhan fwyaf i'r Undeb Sofietaidd. Yn 2006, roedd tua 1.2 million <a href="/wiki/Canadiaid" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadiaid">Canadiaid</a> o dras Wcreiniaid yn arbennig yng ngorllewin <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Addysg">Addysg</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Golygu'r adran: Addysg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Addysg">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:2015-05-28._%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B2_47_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/2015-05-28._%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B2_47_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_007.jpg/220px-2015-05-28._%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B2_47_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/2015-05-28._%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B2_47_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_007.jpg/330px-2015-05-28._%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B2_47_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/2015-05-28._%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B2_47_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_007.jpg/440px-2015-05-28._%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B2_47_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Y diwrnod olaf yn ysgol 47 yn Donetsk.</figcaption></figure> Yn ôl cyfansoddiad Wcráin, rhoddir mynediad i addysg am ddim i bob dinesydd. Mae addysg uwchradd gyffredinol gyflawn yn orfodol yn ysgolion y wladwriaeth sy'n ffurfio'r mwyafrif llethol. Darperir addysg uwch am ddim mewn sefydliadau addysgol gwladol a chymunedol ar sail gystadleuol.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Mae yna hefyd nifer fach o sefydliadau addysg uwchradd ac uwch preifat achrededig. Oherwydd pwyslais yr Undeb Sofietaidd ar fynediad rhydd ac am ddim o fewn y system addysg - i bob dinesydd, <a href="/wiki/Llythrennedd" title="Llythrennedd">amcangyfrifir bod y gyfradd llythrennedd</a> yn 99.4%.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Ers 2005, disodlwyd rhaglen ysgol 11-mlynedd gydag un 12-mlynedd: mae addysg gynradd yn cymryd pedair blynedd i'w chwblhau, gan ddechrau yn chwech oed, ac mae addysg ganol (uwchradd) yn cymryd pum mlynedd i'w chwblhau; yna mae'r uwchradd uchaf yn cymryd tair blynedd.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> Yn y 12fed blwyddyn o addysg, mae'r myfyrwyr yn sefyll profion canolog, y cyfeirir atynt hefyd fel arholiadau gadael ysgol. Defnyddir y profion hyn yn ddiweddarach ar gyfer derbyniadau i brifysgol. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economi">Economi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Golygu'r adran: Economi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Economi">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8E_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4769" data-file-height="3159" /></a><figcaption> <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a>, canolfan ariannol y wlad</figcaption></figure> Mae gan Wcráin economi incwm canolig-is, sef y 55fed economi fwyaf yn y byd yn ôl <a href="/wiki/Cynnyrch_mewnwladol_crynswth" title="Cynnyrch mewnwladol crynswth">cynnyrch mewnwladol crynswth</a> <a href="/wiki/Cynnyrch_mewnwladol_crynswth" title="Cynnyrch mewnwladol crynswth">/ CMC</a> enwol, a'r 40fed-fwyaf gan <a href="/wiki/Paredd_gallu_prynu" title="Paredd gallu prynu">PPP</a>. Mae'n un o <a href="/wiki/Grawn" title="Grawn">allforwyr grawn</a> mwyaf y byd,<a href="#cite_note-grain1-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-grain2-104">[104]</a> ac weithiau fe'i gelwir yn "Fasged Bara Ewrop".<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> Fodd bynnag, y wlad yw' un o'r gwledydd tlotaf yn Ewrop ac mae hefyd ymhlith y rhai mwyaf llygredig yn y cyfandir.<a href="#cite_note-transparency-106">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-poor-107">[107]</a> Yn 2019, cyrhaeddodd y cyflog enwol ar gyfartaledd yn Wcrain € 300 y mis,<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> tra yn 2018, cyfoeth canolrifol Wcráin fesul oedolyn oedd $40, un o'r isaf yn y byd. Roedd tua 1.1% o Iwcraniaid yn byw o dan y llinell dlodi genedlaethol yn 2019,<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> ac roedd diweithdra yn y wlad yn 4.5% yn 2019,<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> tra bod tua 5-15% o boblogaeth Wcrain yn cael eu categoreiddio fel dosbarth canol.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> Mae dyled llywodraeth Wcráin oddeutu 52% o'i CMC enwol.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Cynhyrcha Wcráin bron pob math o gerbydau cludo a llongau gofod. Allforir awyrennau Antonov a thryciau KrAZ i lawer o wledydd. Mae'r mwyafrif o allforion Wcrain yn cael eu marchnata i'r <a href="/wiki/Yr_Undeb_Ewropeaidd" title="Yr Undeb Ewropeaidd">Undeb Ewropeaidd</a> a'r <a href="/wiki/Cymanwlad_y_Gwladwriaethau_Annibynnol" title="Cymanwlad y Gwladwriaethau Annibynnol">Gymanwlad y Gwladwriaethau Annibynnol</a> (CIS).<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Ers annibyniaeth, mae Wcráin wedi cynnal ei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asiantaeth_ofod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asiantaeth ofod (dim tudalen ar gael)">asiantaeth ofod</a> ei hun, Asiantaeth Ofod y Wladwriaeth Wcráin (SSAU). Daeth yn gyfranogwr gweithredol mewn archwilio gofod a synhwyro o bell. Rhwng 1991 a 2007, mae Wcráin wedi lansio chwe <a href="/wiki/Lloeren" title="Lloeren">lloeren</a> a wnaed ganddynt a 101 o gerbydau lansio.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> Mae Wcráin yn cynhyrchu ac yn prosesu ei <a href="/wiki/Nwy_naturiol" title="Nwy naturiol">nwy naturiol</a> a'i <a href="/wiki/Petroliwm" title="Petroliwm">betroliwm</a> ei hun. Fodd bynnag, mae'r wlad yn mewnforio'r rhan fwyaf o'i chyflenwadau ynni, ac mae 80% o gyflenwadau nwy naturiol yn cael eu mewnforio'nn bennaf o Rwsia.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cynhyrchu_pŵer">Cynhyrchu pŵer</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Golygu'r adran: Cynhyrchu pŵer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Cynhyrchu pŵer">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Kernkraftwerk_Saporischschja.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Kernkraftwerk_Saporischschja.JPG/220px-Kernkraftwerk_Saporischschja.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Kernkraftwerk_Saporischschja.JPG/330px-Kernkraftwerk_Saporischschja.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Kernkraftwerk_Saporischschja.JPG/440px-Kernkraftwerk_Saporischschja.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3790" data-file-height="2737" /></a><figcaption>Gorsaf niwclear Zaporizhzhia, yr atomfa niwclear fwyaf yn Ewrop</figcaption></figure> Mae Wcráin wedi bod yn wlad allforio ynni net, er enghraifft yn 2011, allforiwyd 3.3% o'r trydan a gynhyrchwyd,<a href="#cite_note-mpe.kmu.gov.ua-118">[118]</a> ond hefyd yn un o ddefnyddwyr <a href="/wiki/Trydan" title="Trydan">ynni mwyaf Ewrop.</a><a href="#cite_note-eia-119">[119]</a> Yn 2011 roedd 47.6% o gyfanswm y trydan a gynhyrchwyd yn dod o <a href="/wiki/Ynni_niwclear" title="Ynni niwclear">ynni niwclear</a><a href="#cite_note-mpe.kmu.gov.ua-118">[118]</a> Mae'r <a href="/wiki/Atomfa" title="Atomfa">gwaith pŵer niwclear</a> mwyaf yn Ewrop, Gwaith Pŵer Niwclear Zaporizhzhia, wedi'i leoli yn Wcrain. Hyd at y 2010au, roedd holl danwydd niwclear (Wraniwm ayb) Wcráin yn dod o Rwsia. Yn 2008 enillodd Westinghouse Electric Company gontract pum mlynedd yn gwerthu tanwydd niwclear i dri adweithydd Wcráinaidd, gan ddechrau yn 2011.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Gorsafoedd pŵer thermol <a href="/wiki/Glo" title="Glo">glo</a> a <a href="/wiki/Nwy_naturiol" title="Nwy naturiol">nwy</a> a <a href="/wiki/Egni_hydro" title="Egni hydro">trydan dŵr</a> yw'r ail a'r trydydd math mwyaf o gynhyrchu pŵer yn y wlad.  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twristiaeth">Twristiaeth</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Golygu'r adran: Twristiaeth" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Twristiaeth">golygu cod</a>]</div> Yn 2007 Wcráin oedd yr 8fed safle yn Ewrop yn ôl nifer y twristiaid a ymwelodd, yn ôl safleoedd Sefydliad Twristiaeth y Byd.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Ceir nifer o atyniadau i dwristiaid: mynyddoedd sy'n addas ar gyfer <a href="/wiki/Sg%C3%AFo" title="Sgïo">sgïo</a>, heicio a physgota: <a href="/wiki/Y_M%C3%B4r_Du" title="Y Môr Du">arfordir y Môr Du</a> fel cyrchfan boblogaidd yn yr haf; gwarchodfeydd natur gwahanol <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">ecosystemau</a>; eglwysi, <a href="/wiki/Castell" title="Castell">adfeilion cestyll</a> a thirnodau pensaernïol a pharciau eraill. <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Odessa">Odessa</a> a Kamyanets-Podilskyi yw prif ganolfannau twristiaeth Wcráin. Arferai twristiaeth fod yn brif gynheiliad economi'r Crimea ond bu cwymp mawr yn nifer yr ymwelwyr wedi 2014.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saith_Rhyfeddod_Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saith Rhyfeddod Wcráin (dim tudalen ar gael)">Saith Rhyfeddod Wcráin</a> a Saith Rhyfeddod Naturiol Wcráin yw'r mannau mwyaf poblogaidd yn Wcráin. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diwylliant">Diwylliant</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Golygu'r adran: Diwylliant" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Diwylliant">golygu cod</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Pysanky2011.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Pysanky2011.JPG/220px-Pysanky2011.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Pysanky2011.JPG/330px-Pysanky2011.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Pysanky2011.JPG/440px-Pysanky2011.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3250" data-file-height="2224" /></a><figcaption>Casgliad o wyau Pasg Wcreineg traddodiadol - pysanky. Mae'r motiffau dylunio ar pysanky yn dyddio'n ôl i ddiwylliannau Slafaidd cynnar.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Rushnyk_-_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Rushnyk_-_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels..jpg/220px-Rushnyk_-_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Rushnyk_-_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels..jpg/330px-Rushnyk_-_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Rushnyk_-_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels..jpg/440px-Rushnyk_-_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels..jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Rushnyk, brodwaith Wcrain</figcaption></figure> Mae Cristnogaeth Uniongred, y brif grefydd yn y wlad, yn dylanwadu'n drwm ar arferion Wcráin.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> Mae rolau rhyw hefyd yn tueddu i fod yn fwy traddodiadol, ac mae neiniau a theidiau'n chwarae mwy o ran wrth fagu plant, nag yn y Gorllewin.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a>  Mae diwylliant Wcráin hefyd wedi cael ei ddylanwadu gan ei gymdogion dwyreiniol a gorllewinol, a adlewyrchir yn ei phensaernïaeth, ei cherddoriaeth a'i chelf.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a>  Cafodd yr oes Gomiwnyddol ddylanwad eithaf cryf ar gelf a llenyddiaeth Wcráin.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Ym 1932, gwnaeth Stalin bolisi gwladwriaethol "realaeth sosialaidd" o fewn yr Undeb Sofietaidd. Roedd hyn yn mygu creadigrwydd a gwahniaeth barn yn fawr. Yn ystod yr <a href="/wiki/1980au" title="1980au">1980au</a> cyflwynwyd glasnost (didwylledd) a daeth artistiaid ac ysgrifenwyr Sofietaidd yn rhydd unwaith eto i fynegi eu barn eu hunain.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cymanwlad_y_Gwladwriaethau_Annibynnol_(CIS)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Nodyn:CIS" title="Nodyn:CIS"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sgwrs_Nodyn:CIS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sgwrs Nodyn:CIS (dim tudalen ar gael)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nodyn:CIS&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cymanwlad_y_Gwladwriaethau_Annibynnol_(CIS)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cymanwlad_y_Gwladwriaethau_Annibynnol" title="Cymanwlad y Gwladwriaethau Annibynnol">Cymanwlad y Gwladwriaethau Annibynnol (CIS)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aelodau</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aserbaijan" title="Aserbaijan">Aserbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarws" title="Belarws">Belarws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casachstan" title="Casachstan">Casachstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrgystan" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrgystan">Cyrgystan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldofa" title="Moldofa">Moldofa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ffederasiwn_Rwsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ffederasiwn Rwsia">Rwsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajicistan" title="Tajicistan">Tajicistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wsbecistan" title="Wsbecistan">Wsbecistan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Flag_of_the_CIS.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baner CIS"><img alt="Baner CIS" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_the_CIS.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_CIS.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_the_CIS.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_CIS.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_the_CIS.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_CIS.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Baner CIS</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cymdeithion-aelodau</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tyrcmenistan" title="Tyrcmenistan">Tyrcmenistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cyfeiriadau">Cyfeiriadau</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Golygu'r adran: Cyfeiriadau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Cyfeiriadau">golygu cod</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFChin,_Richard2011" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Chin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Chin (dim tudalen ar gael)">Chin, Richard</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=owsHh0v-QT4C&pg=PA345&dq=second+largest+European+country+after+%22Russian+federation%22#v=onepage&q=second%20largest%20European%20country%20after%20%22Russian%20federation%22&f=false">Global Clinical Trials</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elsevier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elsevier (dim tudalen ar gael)">Elsevier</a>. t. 345. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/0-12-381537-1" title="Arbennig:BookSources/0-12-381537-1"><bdi>0-12-381537-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Global+Clinical+Trials&rft.pages=345&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=0-12-381537-1&rft.au=Chin%2C+Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DowsHh0v-QT4C%26pg%3DPA345%26dq%3Dsecond%2Blargest%2BEuropean%2Bcountry%2Bafter%2B%2522Russian%2Bfederation%2522%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dsecond%2520largest%2520European%2520country%2520after%2520%2522Russian%2520federation%2522%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8312344">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFEvans,_Chandler2008" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chandler_Evans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chandler Evans (dim tudalen ar gael)">Evans, Chandler</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=JXPK9Qp8Yu8C&pg=PT88&dq=Ukraine+second+largest+country+Europe+after+Russia#v=onepage&q=Ukraine%20second%20largest%20country%20Europe%20after%20Russia&f=false">Future of Google Earth</a>. BookSurge. t. 174. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/1-4196-8903-7" title="Arbennig:BookSources/1-4196-8903-7"><bdi>1-4196-8903-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Future+of+Google+Earth&rft.pages=174&rft.pub=BookSurge&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=1-4196-8903-7&rft.au=Evans%2C+Chandler&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DJXPK9Qp8Yu8C%26pg%3DPT88%26dq%3DUkraine%2Bsecond%2Blargest%2Bcountry%2BEurope%2Bafter%2BRussia%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DUkraine%2520second%2520largest%2520country%2520Europe%2520after%2520Russia%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UKRCONSUL-3"><a href="#cite_ref-UKRCONSUL_3-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101130222543/http://ukrconsul.org/BASIC_FACTS.htm">"Basic facts about Ukraine"</a>. Ukrainian consul in NY. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukrconsul.org/BASIC_FACTS.htm">gwreiddiol</a> ar 2010-11-30. Cyrchwyd 10 Tachwedd 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Basic+facts+about+Ukraine&rft.pub=Ukrainian+consul+in+NY&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukrconsul.org%2FBASIC_FACTS.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFGray,_Richard2011" class="citation news">Gray, Richard (18 Rhagfyr 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141008072707/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8963177/Neanderthals-built-homes-with-mammoth-bones.html">"Neanderthals built homes with mammoth bones"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Daily_Telegraph" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Telegraph">Daily Telegraph</a>. London. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/8963177/Neanderthals-built-homes-with-mammoth-bones.html">gwreiddiol</a> ar 2014-10-08. Cyrchwyd 8 Ionawr 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Neanderthals+built+homes+with+mammoth+bones&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.au=Gray%2C+Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fscience%2Fscience-news%2F8963177%2FNeanderthals-built-homes-with-mammoth-bones.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> Matossian Shaping World History tud. 43 </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://imh.org/index.php/legacy-of-the-horse-full-story/the-domestication-of-the-horse/what-we-theorize-when-and-where-did-domestication-occur/">"What We Theorize – When and Where Did Domestication Occur"</a>. International Museum of the Horse. Cyrchwyd 12 Rhagfyr 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Museum+of+the+Horse&rft.atitle=What+We+Theorize+%E2%80%93+When+and+Where+Did+Domestication+Occur&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimh.org%2Findex.php%2Flegacy-of-the-horse-full-story%2Fthe-domestication-of-the-horse%2Fwhat-we-theorize-when-and-where-did-domestication-occur%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbc.ca-7">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-cbc.ca_7-0">7.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cbc.ca_7-1">7.1</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141007100308/http://www.cbc.ca/quirks/episode/2009/03/07/horsey-aeology-binary-black-holes-tracking-red-tides-fish-re-evolution-walk-like-a-man-fact-or-ficti/">"Horsey-aeology, Binary Black Holes, Tracking Red Tides, Fish Re-evolution, Walk Like a Man, Fact or Fiction"</a>. Quirks and Quarks Podcast with Bob Macdonald. CBC Radio. 7 Mawrth 2009. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/quirks/episode/2009/03/07/horsey-aeology-binary-black-holes-tracking-red-tides-fish-re-evolution-walk-like-a-man-fact-or-ficti/">gwreiddiol</a> ar 7 Hydref 2014. Cyrchwyd 18 Medi 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quirks+and+Quarks+Podcast+with+Bob+Macdonald&rft.atitle=Horsey-aeology%2C+Binary+Black+Holes%2C+Tracking+Red+Tides%2C+Fish+Re-evolution%2C+Walk+Like+a+Man%2C+Fact+or+Fiction&rft.date=2009-03-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fquirks%2Fepisode%2F2009%2F03%2F07%2Fhorsey-aeology-binary-black-holes-tracking-red-tides-fish-re-evolution-walk-like-a-man-fact-or-ficti%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/quirks/episode/2009/03/07/horsey-aeology-binary-black-holes-tracking-red-tides-fish-re-evolution-walk-like-a-man-fact-or-ficti/">"cbc.ca Quirks"</a>. cbc. 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cbc&rft.atitle=cbc.ca+Quirks&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fquirks%2Fepisode%2F2009%2F03%2F07%2Fhorsey-aeology-binary-black-holes-tracking-red-tides-fish-re-evolution-walk-like-a-man-fact-or-ficti%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231235707/http://www.blackseagrain.net/data/news/ukraine-becomes-worlds-third-biggest-grain-exporter-in-2011-minister">"Ukraine becomes world's third biggest grain exporter in 2011 – minister"</a> (Press release). Black Sea Grain. 20 Ionawr 2012. Archifwyd o <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blackseagrain.net/data/news/ukraine-becomes-worlds-third-biggest-grain-exporter-in-2011-minister">y gwreiddiol</a> ar 2013-12-31. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231235707/http://www.blackseagrain.net/data/news/ukraine-becomes-worlds-third-biggest-grain-exporter-in-2011-minister">https://web.archive.org/web/20131231235707/http://www.blackseagrain.net/data/news/ukraine-becomes-worlds-third-biggest-grain-exporter-in-2011-minister</a>. Adalwyd 31 Rhagfyr 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/publications_e/wtr13_e.htm">"World Trade Report 2013"</a>. World Trade Organisation. Cyrchwyd 2014-01-26.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Trade+Report+2013&rft.pub=World+Trade+Organisation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wto.org%2Fenglish%2Fres_e%2Fpublications_e%2Fwtr13_e.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2014/02/linguistic-divides">"Linguistic divides: Johnson: Is there a single Ukraine?"</a>. The Economist. 5 Chwefror 2014. Cyrchwyd 12 Mai 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Linguistic+divides%3A+Johnson%3A+Is+there+a+single+Ukraine%3F&rft.date=2014-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fblogs%2Fprospero%2F2014%2F02%2Flinguistic-divides&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFHryhoriy_Pivtorak" class="citation web">Hryhoriy Pivtorak. [The origin of Ukrainians, Russians, Belarusians and their languages] <code class="cs1-code">|trans-title=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Cymorth:CS1_errors#trans_missing_title" title="Cymorth:CS1 errors">help</a>) (yn Wcreineg) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://litopys.org.ua/pivtorak/pivtorak.htm">http://litopys.org.ua/pivtorak/pivtorak.htm</a> <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> missing title (<a href="/wiki/Cymorth:CS1_errors#bare_url_missing_title" title="Cymorth:CS1 errors">help</a>). Cyrchwyd 21 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.au=Hryhoriy+Pivtorak&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flitopys.org.ua%2Fpivtorak%2Fpivtorak.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-merriam-webster-13"><a href="#cite_ref-merriam-webster_13-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ukraine">"Ukraine – Definition"</a>. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Cyrchwyd 4 Mai 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ukraine+%E2%80%93+Definition&rft.pub=Merriam-Webster+Online+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UKrW812991TU-14"><a href="#cite_ref-UKrW812991TU_14-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171014083357/http://www.ukrweekly.com/old/archive/1991/499102.shtml">"The "the" is gone"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Ukrainian_Weekly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Ukrainian Weekly (dim tudalen ar gael)">The Ukrainian Weekly</a>. 8 December 1991. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukrweekly.com/old/archive/1991/499102.shtml">gwreiddiol</a> ar 14 Hydref 2017. Cyrchwyd 21 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+%22the%22+is+gone&rft.pub=The+Ukrainian+Weekly&rft.date=1991-12-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukrweekly.com%2Fold%2Farchive%2F1991%2F499102.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFAdam_Taylor2013" class="citation web">Adam Taylor (9 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessinsider.com/why-ukraine-isnt-the-ukraine-and-why-that-matters-now-2013-12">"Why Ukraine Isn't 'The Ukraine,' And Why That Matters Now"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Business_Insider&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Business Insider (dim tudalen ar gael)">Business Insider</a>. Cyrchwyd 21 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=Why+Ukraine+Isn%27t+%27The+Ukraine%2C%27+And+Why+That+Matters+Now&rft.date=2013-12-09&rft.au=Adam+Taylor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fwhy-ukraine-isnt-the-ukraine-and-why-that-matters-now-2013-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2014/03/25/ukraine-or-the-ukraine-its-more-controversial-than-you-think/">"'Ukraine' or 'the Ukraine'? It's more controversial than you think"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a>. 25 Mawrth 2014. Cyrchwyd 11 Awst 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=%27Ukraine%27+or+%27the+Ukraine%27%3F+It%27s+more+controversial+than+you+think.&rft.date=2014-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fthe-fix%2Fwp%2F2014%2F03%2F25%2Fukraine-or-the-ukraine-its-more-controversial-than-you-think%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_News_Magazine-17"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News_Magazine_17-0">↑</a> Geoghegan, Tom (7 Mehefin 2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-18233844">"Ukraine or the Ukraine: Why do some country names have 'the'?"</a>, BBC News Magazine (BBC), <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-18233844">https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-18233844</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia-18"><a href="#cite_ref-cia_18-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ukraine/">"Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA World Factbook">CIA World Factbook</a>. 13 December 2007. Cyrchwyd 24 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CIA+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Ukraine&rft.date=2007-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFOksana_Grytsenko2011" class="citation news">Oksana Grytsenko (9 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120105012539/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/118498/">"Environment suffers from lack of recycling"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyiv_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyiv Post (dim tudalen ar gael)">Kyiv Post</a>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/118498/">gwreiddiol</a> ar 5 Ionawr 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Environment+suffers+from+lack+of+recycling&rft.date=2011-12-09&rft.au=Oksana+Grytsenko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Fdetail%2F118498%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-faoclimate-20"><a href="#cite_ref-faoclimate_20-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161006014817/http://www.fao.org/ag/agp/AGPC/doc/Counprof/Ukraine/ukraine.htm">"Ukraine"</a>. Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profiles. Food and Agriculture Organization. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/ag/agp/AGPC/doc/Counprof/Ukraine/ukraine.htm">gwreiddiol</a> ar 2016-10-06. Cyrchwyd 8 Awst 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Country+Pasture%2FForage+Resource+Profiles&rft.atitle=Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fag%2Fagp%2FAGPC%2Fdoc%2FCounprof%2FUkraine%2Fukraine.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ebclimate-21">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ebclimate_21-0">21.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ebclimate_21-1">21.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ebclimate_21-2">21.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ebclimate_21-3">21.3</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/place/Ukraine">"Ukraine – Climate"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Cyrchwyd 20 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Ukraine+%E2%80%93+Climate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FUkraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFClark2006" class="citation news">Clark, Ross (28 Hydref 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120128075059/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/3354276/The-wetter-the-better.html">"The wetter, the better"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. London. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/3354276/The-wetter-the-better.html">gwreiddiol</a> ar 28 Ionawr 2012. Cyrchwyd 2 Medi 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=The+wetter%2C+the+better&rft.date=2006-10-28&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Ross&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fproperty%2F3354276%2FThe-wetter-the-better.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DinersteinOlson2017-23"><a href="#cite_ref-DinersteinOlson2017_23-0">↑</a> Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; Joshi, Anup; Vynne, Carly; Burgess, Neil D.; Wikramanayake, Eric; Hahn, Nathan; Palminteri, Suzanne et al. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5451287">"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm"</a>. BioScience 67 (6): 534–545. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fbiosci%2Fbix014">10.1093/biosci/bix014</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0006-3568">0006-3568</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Central (dim tudalen ar gael)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287/?tool=pmcentrez">5451287</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28608869">28608869</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5451287">http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5451287</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFRichard_Gray2011" class="citation news">Richard Gray (18 December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/8963177/Neanderthals-built-homes-with-mammoth-bones.html">"Neanderthals built homes with mammoth bones"</a>. Daily Telegraph. London. Cyrchwyd 8 Ionawr 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Neanderthals+built+homes+with+mammoth+bones&rft.date=2011-12-18&rft.au=Richard+Gray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscience%2Fscience-news%2F8963177%2FNeanderthals-built-homes-with-mammoth-bones.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFK._Kris_Hirst" class="citation web">K. Kris Hirst. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005437/http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/g/molodova.htm">"Molodova I and V (Ukraine)"</a>. About. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/g/molodova.htm">gwreiddiol</a> ar 2013-12-03. Cyrchwyd 2021-10-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=About&rft.atitle=Molodova+I+and+V+%28Ukraine%29&rft.au=K.+Kris+Hirst&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchaeology.about.com%2Fod%2Fmterms%2Fg%2Fmolodova.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/05/120507154107.htm">"Mystery of the domestication of the horse solved: Competing theories reconciled"</a>. sciencedaily (sourced from the University of Cambridge). 7 Mai 2012. Cyrchwyd 12 Mehefin 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mystery+of+the+domestication+of+the+horse+solved%3A+Competing+theories+reconciled&rft.pub=sciencedaily+%28sourced+from+the+University+of+Cambridge%29&rft.date=2012-05-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2012%2F05%2F120507154107.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> Matossian Shaping World History p. 43 </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130723111211/http://imh.org/index.php/legacy-of-the-horse-full-story/the-domestication-of-the-horse/what-we-theorize-when-and-where-did-domestication-occur">"What We Theorize – When and Where Did Domestication Occur"</a>. International Museum of the Horse. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://imh.org/index.php/legacy-of-the-horse-full-story/the-domestication-of-the-horse/what-we-theorize-when-and-where-did-domestication-occur">gwreiddiol</a> ar 23 Gorffennaf 2013. Cyrchwyd 12 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Museum+of+the+Horse&rft.atitle=What+We+Theorize+%E2%80%93+When+and+Where+Did+Domestication+Occur&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimh.org%2Findex.php%2Flegacy-of-the-horse-full-story%2Fthe-domestication-of-the-horse%2Fwhat-we-theorize-when-and-where-did-domestication-occur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-orig-29"><a href="#cite_ref-orig_29-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSandrine_PratStéphane_C._PéanLaurent_CrépinDorothée_G._Drucker2011" class="citation news">Sandrine Prat; Stéphane C. Péan; Laurent Crépin; Dorothée G. Drucker; Simon J. Puaud; Hélène Valladas; Martina Lázničková-Galetová; Johannes van der Plicht; Alexander Yanevich (17 Mehefin 2011). "The Oldest Anatomically Modern Humans from Far Southeast Europe: Direct Dating, Culture and Behavior". plosone. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doi_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doi (identifier) (dim tudalen ar gael)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0020834">10.1371/journal.pone.0020834</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Oldest+Anatomically+Modern+Humans+from+Far+Southeast+Europe%3A+Direct+Dating%2C+Culture+and+Behavior&rft.date=2011-06-17&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0020834&rft.au=Sandrine+Prat&rft.au=St%C3%A9phane+C.+P%C3%A9an&rft.au=Laurent+Cr%C3%A9pin&rft.au=Doroth%C3%A9e+G.+Drucker&rft.au=Simon+J.+Puaud&rft.au=H%C3%A9l%C3%A8ne+Valladas&rft.au=Martina+L%C3%A1zni%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1-Galetov%C3%A1&rft.au=Johannes+van+der+Plicht&rft.au=Alexander+Yanevich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-30"><a href="#cite_ref-bbc_30-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFJennifer_Carpenter2011" class="citation news">Jennifer Carpenter (20 Mehefin 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-13846262">"Early human fossils unearthed in Ukraine"</a>. BBC. Cyrchwyd 21 Mehefin 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Early+human+fossils+unearthed+in+Ukraine&rft.date=2011-06-20&rft.au=Jennifer+Carpenter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscience-environment-13846262&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/topic/Scythian">"Scythian"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Cyrchwyd 21 Hydref 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Scythian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FScythian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Khazar">"Khazar | Origin, History, Religion, & Facts"</a>. Encyclopedia Britannica.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Khazar+%26%23124%3B+Origin%2C+History%2C+Religion%2C+%26+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FKhazar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFMagocsi1996" class="citation book">Magocsi, Paul Robert (16 Gorffennaf 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t124cP06gg0C&q=antes+avar&pg=PA42">A History of Ukraine</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Toronto_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Toronto Press (dim tudalen ar gael)">University of Toronto Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/9780802078209" title="Arbennig:BookSources/9780802078209"><bdi>9780802078209</bdi></a>. Cyrchwyd 16 Gorffennaf 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ukraine&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1996-07-16&rft.isbn=9780802078209&rft.aulast=Magocsi&rft.aufirst=Paul+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt124cP06gg0C%26q%3Dantes%2Bavar%26pg%3DPA42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petro_Tolochko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petro Tolochko (dim tudalen ar gael)">Petro Tolochko</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?Z21ID=&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=Kyivska_Rus">The Kyivan Rus, establishment and development of the state nucleus (КИЇВСЬКА РУСЬ, СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТОК ЯДРА ДЕРЖАВИ)</a>. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> Belyayev, A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gumilev-center.ru/rus-i-varyagi-evrazijjskijj-istoricheskijj-vzglyad/">Rus and Varangians. Eurasian historical perspective (Русь и варяги. Евразийский исторический взгляд)</a>. Lev Gumilev Center. 13 Medi 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a> A Geography of Russia and Its Neighbors <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-606-23920-9" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1-606-23920-9">978-1-606-23920-9</a> p. 69 </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> Wilson, p. 17 </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a> Subtelny, p. 487 </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a> Roberts, p. 102 </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a> Boshyk, p. 89 </li> <li id="cite_note-worldwars-41"><a href="#cite_ref-worldwars_41-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages\W\O\Worldwars.htm">"World wars"</a>. Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Cyrchwyd 20 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=World+wars&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopediaofukraine.com%2Fdisplay.asp%3Flinkpath%3Dpages%5CW%5CO%5CWorldwars.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a> Subtelny, Orest (1988). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HNIs9O3EmtQC&pg=PA106">Ukraine: A History.</a>". p 410 </li> <li id="cite_note-vedeneyev-43"><a href="#cite_ref-vedeneyev_43-0">↑</a> Vedeneyev, D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150307183958/http://warhistory.ukrlife.org/5_6_02_4.htm">Military Field Gendarmerie - special body of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army</a>. "Voyenna Istoriya" magazine. 2002. </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a> <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Snyder" title="Timothy Snyder">Timothy Snyder</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2010/feb/24/a-fascist-hero-in-democratic-kiev/">A fascist hero in democratic Kiev</a>. New York Review of Books. 24 Chwefror 2010 </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> Snyder, Timothy (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600827">"The Causes of Ukrainian-Polish Ethnic Cleansing 1943"</a>. Past & Present 179 (179): 197–234. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fpast%2F179.1.197">10.1093/past/179.1.197</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0031-2746">0031-2746</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/3600827">3600827</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600827">https://www.jstor.org/stable/3600827</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a> Piotrowski pp. 352–354 </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a> Weiner pp. 127–237 </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CW%5CO%5CWorldwars.htm">"World wars"</a>. www.encyclopediaofukraine.com. Cyrchwyd 2024-11-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.encyclopediaofukraine.com&rft.atitle=World+wars&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopediaofukraine.com%2Fdisplay.asp%3Flinkpath%3Dpages%255CW%255CO%255CWorldwars.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20050515091804/http://www.peremoga.gov.ua/index.php?2150005000000000020">"Losses of the Ukrainian Nation, p. 2"</a>. Peremoga.gov.ua (yn Wcreineg). Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peremoga.gov.ua/index.php?2150005000000000020">gwreiddiol</a> ar 15 Mai 2005. Cyrchwyd 16 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Peremoga.gov.ua&rft.atitle=Losses+of+the+Ukrainian+Nation%2C+p.+2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.peremoga.gov.ua%2Findex.php%3F2150005000000000020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a> Subtelny, p. 476 </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a> Magocsi, p. 635 </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkPath=pages\U\K\UkrainianInsurgentArmy.htm">"Ukrainian Insurgent Army"</a>. Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Cyrchwyd 20 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=Ukrainian+Insurgent+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopediaofukraine.com%2Fdisplay.asp%3FlinkPath%3Dpages%5CU%5CK%5CUkrainianInsurgentArmy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929133150/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30082/Ukraine">"Ukraine: World War II and its aftermath"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> (fee required). Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30082/Ukraine">gwreiddiol</a> ar 29 Medi 2007. Cyrchwyd 12 Medi 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+%28fee+required%29&rft.atitle=Ukraine%3A+World+War+II+and+its+aftermath&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-30082%2FUkraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dt-kul-dem-los-54"><a href="#cite_ref-dt-kul-dem-los_54-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFStanislav_Kulchytskyi2004" class="citation web">Stanislav Kulchytskyi (1 Hydref 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dt.ua/SOCIUM/demografichni_vtrati_ukrayini_v_hh_stolitti.html">"Демографічні втрати України в хх столітті"</a> [Demographic losses of Ukraine in the 20 century] (yn Wcreineg). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dzerkalo_Tyzhnia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dzerkalo Tyzhnia (dim tudalen ar gael)">Dzerkalo Tyzhnia</a>. Cyrchwyd 20 Ionawr 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96+%D0%B2%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D1%85%D1%85+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96&rft.pub=Dzerkalo+Tyzhnia&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.au=Stanislav+Kulchytskyi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdt.ua%2FSOCIUM%2Fdemografichni_vtrati_ukrayini_v_hh_stolitti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344">[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wicipedia:Pydredd_dolen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wicipedia:Pydredd dolen (dim tudalen ar gael)">dolen farw</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-un_ukssr-55"><a href="#cite_ref-un_ukssr_55-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unms/ukraine.shtml">"Activities of the Member States – Ukraine"</a>. United Nations. Cyrchwyd 17 Ionawr 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Activities+of+the+Member+States+%E2%80%93+Ukraine&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fdepts%2Fdhl%2Funms%2Fukraine.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/wwii/17604.htm">"United Nations"</a>. U.S. Department of State. Cyrchwyd 22 Medi 2014. <q>Voting procedures and the veto power of permanent members of the Security Council were finalized at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yalta_Conference&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yalta Conference (dim tudalen ar gael)">Yalta Conference</a> in 1945 when Roosevelt and Stalin agreed that the veto would not prevent discussions by the Security Council. Roosevelt agreed to General Assembly membership for Ukraine and Byelorussia while reserving the right, which was never exercised, to seek two more votes for the United States.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+Nations&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F2001-2009.state.gov%2Fr%2Fpa%2Fho%2Ftime%2Fwwii%2F17604.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080115052626/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30084/Ukraine">"Ukraine – The last years of Stalin's rule"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica (fee required). Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30084/Ukraine">gwreiddiol</a> ar 15 Ionawr 2008. Cyrchwyd 28 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+%28fee+required%29&rft.atitle=Ukraine+%E2%80%93+The+last+years+of+Stalin%27s+rule&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-30084%2FUkraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> Magocsi, p. 644 </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFRemy,_Johannes1996" class="citation news">Remy, Johannes (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120628220746/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1309/is_n2_v33/ai_18795971">"'Sombre anniversary' of worst nuclear disaster in history – Chernobyl: 10th anniversary"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=UN_Chronicle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UN Chronicle (dim tudalen ar gael)">UN Chronicle</a>. Find articles. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1309/is_n2_v33/ai_18795971">gwreiddiol</a> ar 28 Mehefin 2012. Cyrchwyd 16 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UN+Chronicle&rft.atitle=%27Sombre+anniversary%27+of+worst+nuclear+disaster+in+history+%E2%80%93+Chernobyl%3A+10th+anniversary&rft.date=1996&rft.au=Remy%2C+Johannes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m1309%2Fis_n2_v33%2Fai_18795971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171014083419/https://www.nei.org/News-Media/News/News-Archives/fukushima-chernobyl-and-the-nuclear-event-scale">"Fukushima, Chernobyl and the Nuclear Event Scale"</a>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nei.org/News-Media/News/News-Archives/fukushima-chernobyl-and-the-nuclear-event-scale">gwreiddiol</a> ar 14 Hydref 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fukushima%2C+Chernobyl+and+the+Nuclear+Event+Scale&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nei.org%2FNews-Media%2FNews%2FNews-Archives%2Ffukushima-chernobyl-and-the-nuclear-event-scale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chernobyl.info-61"><a href="#cite_ref-Chernobyl.info_61-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070630071332/http://www.chernobyl.info/index.php?navID=2#Sources">"Geographical location and extent of radioactive contamination"</a>. Chernobyl.info. Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chernobyl.info/index.php?navID=2">gwreiddiol</a> ar 30 Mehefin 2007. Cyrchwyd 8 Ionawr 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chernobyl.info&rft.atitle=Geographical+location+and+extent+of+radioactive+contamination&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chernobyl.info%2Findex.php%3FnavID%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-subtelny-576-62"><a href="#cite_ref-subtelny-576_62-0">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSubtelny,_Orest2000" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orest_Subtelny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orest Subtelny (dim tudalen ar gael)">Subtelny, Orest</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ukrainehistory00subt_0/page/576">Ukraine: A History</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Toronto_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Toronto Press (dim tudalen ar gael)">University of Toronto Press</a>. t. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ukrainehistory00subt_0/page/576">576</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/0-8020-8390-0" title="Arbennig:BookSources/0-8020-8390-0"><bdi>0-8020-8390-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ukraine%3A+A+History&rft.pages=576&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-8020-8390-0&rft.au=Subtelny%2C+Orest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fukrainehistory00subt_0%2Fpage%2F576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927224650/http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/site/postanova_eng/Declaration_of_State_Sovereignty_of_Ukraine_rev1.htm">"Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a> of Ukraine. 16 Gorffennaf 1990. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/site/postanova_eng/Declaration_of_State_Sovereignty_of_Ukraine_rev1.htm">gwreiddiol</a> ar 27 Medi 2007. Cyrchwyd 12 Medi 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Verkhovna+Rada+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=Declaration+of+State+Sovereignty+of+Ukraine&rft.date=1990-07-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgska2.rada.gov.ua%3A7777%2Fsite%2Fpostanova_eng%2FDeclaration_of_State_Sovereignty_of_Ukraine_rev1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua/cgi-bin/laws/main.cgi?nreg=402-12">Про розгляд вимог студентів, які проводять голодування … | від 17.10.1990 № 402-XII</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930203430/http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/site/postanova_eng/Rres_Declaration_Independence_rev12.htm">"Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine Resolution On Declaration of Independence of Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a> of Ukraine. 24 Awst 1991. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/site/postanova_eng/Rres_Declaration_Independence_rev12.htm">gwreiddiol</a> ar 30 Medi 2007. Cyrchwyd 12 Medi 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Verkhovna+Rada+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=Verkhovna+Rada+of+Ukraine+Resolution+On+Declaration+of+Independence+of+Ukraine&rft.date=1991-08-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgska2.rada.gov.ua%3A7777%2Fsite%2Fpostanova_eng%2FRres_Declaration_Independence_rev12.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skubi.net/ukraine/judgment-december-3.html">"The Supreme Court findings"</a> (yn Wcreineg). Supreme Court of Ukraine. 3 December 2004. Cyrchwyd 7 Gorffennaf 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Supreme+Court+findings&rft.pub=Supreme+Court+of+Ukraine&rft.date=2004-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skubi.net%2Fukraine%2Fjudgment-december-3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBS:_Yushchenko:_Live_And_Carry_On-67"><a href="#cite_ref-CBS:_Yushchenko:_Live_And_Carry_On_67-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/01/28/60minutes/main670103.shtml">"Yushchenko: 'Live And Carry On'"</a>. CBS News. 30 Ionawr 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Yushchenko%3A+%27Live+And+Carry+On%27&rft.date=2005-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fstories%2F2005%2F01%2F28%2F60minutes%2Fmain670103.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref_j-68"><a href="#cite_ref-Ref_j_68-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hW1QRD4tlRX2-UW9yc_oDcwrzMgwD99SBRO80">"Associated Press: Study: Dioxin that poisoned Yushchenko made in lab"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Associated+Press%3A+Study%3A+Dioxin+that+poisoned+Yushchenko+made+in+lab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fap%2Farticle%2FALeqM5hW1QRD4tlRX2-UW9yc_oDcwrzMgwD99SBRO80&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref_2009c-69"><a href="#cite_ref-Ref_2009c_69-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/nation/49610">"Yushchenko to Russia: Hand over witnesses"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyiv_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyiv Post (dim tudalen ar gael)">Kyiv Post</a>. 28 Hydref 2009. Cyrchwyd 11 Chwefror 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyiv+Post&rft.atitle=Yushchenko+to+Russia%3A+Hand+over+witnesses&rft.date=2009-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fnation%2F49610&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080115052653/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30090/Ukraine">"Ukraine-Independent Ukraine"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica (fee required). Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30090/Ukraine">gwreiddiol</a> ar 15 Ionawr 2008. Cyrchwyd 14 Ionawr 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+%28fee+required%29&rft.atitle=Ukraine-Independent+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-30090%2FUkraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFPaul_J._D'Anieri2007" class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_J._D%27Anieri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul J. D'Anieri (dim tudalen ar gael)">Paul J. D'Anieri</a> (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wp7VKL4p7kQC&pg=PA63">Understanding Ukrainian Politics: Power, Politics, and Institutional Design</a>. M.E. Sharpe. t. 63. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7656-1811-5" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-0-7656-1811-5"><bdi>978-0-7656-1811-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Ukrainian+Politics%3A+Power%2C+Politics%2C+and+Institutional+Design&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=M.E.+Sharpe&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7656-1811-5&rft.au=Paul+J.+D%27Anieri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWp7VKL4p7kQC%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://euobserver.com/foreign/29431">EU endorses Ukraine election result</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euobserver&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euobserver (dim tudalen ar gael)">euobserver</a> (8 Chwefror 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/08/AR2010020803583.html">International observers say Ukrainian election was free and fair</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a> (9 Chwefror 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100211014322/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/59077/">European Parliament president greets Ukraine on conducting free and fair presidential election</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyiv_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyiv Post (dim tudalen ar gael)">Kyiv Post</a> (9 Chwefror 2010) </li> <li id="cite_note-1oct-75">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-1oct_75-0">75.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-1oct_75-1">75.1</a> <cite id="CITEREFВіталій_Портников" class="citation web">Віталій Портников. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiosvoboda.org/content/article/2174109.html">"Vitaly Portnykov. "Comment on the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on elimination of political reform in 2004 for Radio Liberty asked Nicholas Onischuk, former Justice Minister ... 25 February 2008 the Constitutional Court came to the conclusion that this bill can not be subject to constitutional control, but now we see that the Constitutional Court concluded that it can". 1 October 2010"</a>. Radiosvoboda.org. Cyrchwyd 31 Hydref 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vitaly+Portnykov.+%22Comment+on+the+Constitutional+Court+of+Ukraine+on+elimination+of+political+reform+in+2004+for+Radio+Liberty+asked+Nicholas+Onischuk%2C+former+Justice+Minister+...+25+February+2008+the+Constitutional+Court+came+to+the+conclusion+that+this+bill+can+not+be+subject+to+constitutional+control%2C+but+now+we+see+that+the+Constitutional+Court+concluded+that+it+can%22.+1+October+2010&rft.pub=Radiosvoboda.org&rft.au=%D0%92%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiosvoboda.org%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2174109.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111009163812/http://www.tymoshenko.ua/en/article/3o3zxoz9">"Yulia Tymoshenko: Hydref 1 marks the end of Ukraine's democracy and beginning of dictatorship"</a>. Tymoshenko.ua. 1 Hydref 2010. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tymoshenko.ua/en/article/3o3zxoz9">gwreiddiol</a> ar 9 Hydref 2011. Cyrchwyd 31 Hydref 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yulia+Tymoshenko%3A+Hydref+1+marks+the+end+of+Ukraine%27s+democracy+and+beginning+of+dictatorship&rft.pub=Tymoshenko.ua&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tymoshenko.ua%2Fen%2Farticle%2F3o3zxoz9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFHrabovsky2010" class="citation news">Hrabovsky, Serhiy (1 Hydref 2010). (yn Wcreineg). radiosvoboda.org <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiosvoboda.org/content/article/2174129.html">http://www.radiosvoboda.org/content/article/2174129.html</a>. Cyrchwyd 6 April 2016. <q>(Translation) These words handed down on the decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine (CCU) regarding cancelling the political reforms of 2004 are worthy of being inscribed in the annals of world jurisprudence. It turns out that "the stability of the constitutional order" will not be changed by the will of the voters, or even by Parliament, but by the decision of 18 persons.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.aulast=Hrabovsky&rft.aufirst=Serhiy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiosvoboda.org%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2174129.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"> Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|TransTitle=</code> ignored (<code class="cs1-code">|trans-title=</code> suggested) (<a href="/wiki/Cymorth:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Cymorth:CS1 errors">help</a>); Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Cymorth:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Cymorth:CS1 errors">help</a>)<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/2174109.html">"Що означає скасування політреформи 2004 року?"</a>. Радіо Свобода (yn Wcreineg). Cyrchwyd 2022-02-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BE+%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.atitle=%D0%A9%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%94+%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8+2004+%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiosvoboda.org%2Fa%2F2174109.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ukraine2014protests-79"><a href="#cite_ref-Ukraine2014protests_79-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140228115026/http://www.europesun.com/index.php/sid/220190358">"President Yanukovych and Ukraine opposition sign early poll deal"</a>. europesun.com. 21 Chwefror 2014. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.europesun.com/index.php/sid/220190358">gwreiddiol</a> ar 28 Chwefror 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=europesun.com&rft.atitle=President+Yanukovych+and+Ukraine+opposition+sign+early+poll+deal&rft.date=2014-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europesun.com%2Findex.php%2Fsid%2F220190358&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UkrainePresidentReplaced-80"><a href="#cite_ref-UkrainePresidentReplaced_80-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26312008">"Ukraine: Speaker Oleksandr Turchynov named interim president"</a>. BBC News. Kyiv. 23 Chwefror 2014. Cyrchwyd 6 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Ukraine%3A+Speaker+Oleksandr+Turchynov+named+interim+president&rft.date=2014-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-26312008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFSalem2014" class="citation news">Salem, Harriet (4 Mawrth 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/04/who-governing-ukraine-olexander-turchynov">"Who exactly is governing Ukraine?"</a>. The Guardian. Cyrchwyd 6 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Who+exactly+is+governing+Ukraine%3F&rft.date=2014-03-04&rft.aulast=Salem&rft.aufirst=Harriet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Fmar%2F04%2Fwho-governing-ukraine-olexander-turchynov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-milgov-82">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-milgov_82-0">82.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-milgov_82-1">82.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mil.gov.ua/index.php?lang=en&part=history&sub=history">"The history of the Armed Forces of Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ministry_of_Defence_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ministry of Defence of Ukraine (dim tudalen ar gael)">Ministry of Defence of Ukraine</a>. Cyrchwyd 5 Gorffennaf 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+history+of+the+Armed+Forces+of+Ukraine&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Defence+of+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mil.gov.ua%2Findex.php%3Flang%3Den%26part%3Dhistory%26sub%3Dhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/ukraine/index.html">"Ukraine Special Weapons"</a>. GlobalSecurity.org. Cyrchwyd 24 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ukraine+Special+Weapons&rft.pub=GlobalSecurity.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalsecurity.org%2Fwmd%2Fworld%2Fukraine%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wbook06-84"><a href="#cite_ref-wbook06_84-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071108143812/http://www.mil.gov.ua/files/white_book_eng2006.pdf">"White Book 2006"</a> (PDF). Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mil.gov.ua/files/white_book_eng2006.pdf">gwreiddiol</a> (PDF) ar 8 Tachwedd 2007. Cyrchwyd 24 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=White+Book+2006&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Defence+of+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mil.gov.ua%2Ffiles%2Fwhite_book_eng2006.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2020/07/17/7259715/">"The council reduced the number of districts in Ukraine: 136 instead of 490"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainska_Pravda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukrainska Pravda (dim tudalen ar gael)">Ukrainska Pravda</a> (yn Wcreineg). 17 Gorffennaf 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ukrainska+Pravda&rft.atitle=The+council+reduced+the+number+of+districts+in+Ukraine%3A+136+instead+of+490&rft.date=2020-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pravda.com.ua%2Fnews%2F2020%2F07%2F17%2F7259715%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://norric.org/files/education-systems/Ukraine2009">The Educational System of Ukraine</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Academic_Recognition_Information_Centre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Academic Recognition Information Centre (dim tudalen ar gael)">National Academic Recognition Information Centre</a>, April 2009, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://norric.org/files/education-systems/Ukraine2009">http://norric.org/files/education-systems/Ukraine2009</a>, adalwyd 7 Mawrth 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-RatingJuly12-87"><a href="#cite_ref-RatingJuly12_87-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ratinggroup.ua/en/research/ukraine/yazykovoy_vopros_rezultaty_poslednih_issledovaniy_2012.html">"The language question, the results of recent research in 2012"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sociological_group_%22RATING%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sociological group "RATING" (dim tudalen ar gael)">Rating</a>. 25 Mai 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+language+question%2C+the+results+of+recent+research+in+2012&rft.pub=Rating&rft.date=2012-05-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fratinggroup.ua%2Fen%2Fresearch%2Fukraine%2Fyazykovoy_vopros_rezultaty_poslednih_issledovaniy_2012.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ukrnews/1243560-poll_ukrainian_language_prevails_at_home_229692.html">"Poll: Ukrainian language prevails at home"</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrinform&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukrinform (dim tudalen ar gael)">Ukrinform</a> (UA), 7 Medi 2011, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ukrnews/1243560-poll_ukrainian_language_prevails_at_home_229692.html">http://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ukrnews/1243560-poll_ukrainian_language_prevails_at_home_229692.html</a>, adalwyd 7 Ionawr 2019 </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFTaras_Kuzio2011" class="citation web"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taras_Kuzio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taras Kuzio (dim tudalen ar gael)">Taras Kuzio</a> (23 Awst 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140516205435/http://www.taraskuzio.net/Comparative%20Politics_files/SovietCulture_Conspiracy_Yanukovych.pdf">"Soviet conspiracy theories and political culture in Ukraine: Understanding Viktor Yanukovych and the Party of Region"</a> (PDF). taraskuzio.net. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taraskuzio.net/Comparative%20Politics_files/SovietCulture_Conspiracy_Yanukovych.pdf">gwreiddiol</a> (PDF) ar 16 Mai 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=taraskuzio.net&rft.atitle=Soviet+conspiracy+theories+and+political+culture+in+Ukraine%3A+Understanding+Viktor+Yanukovych+and+the+Party+of+Region&rft.date=2011-08-23&rft.au=Taras+Kuzio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taraskuzio.net%2FComparative%2520Politics_files%2FSovietCulture_Conspiracy_Yanukovych.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">[The Elections of People's Deputies of Ukraine 2012] <code class="cs1-code">|trans-title=</code> requires <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Cymorth:CS1_errors#trans_missing_title" title="Cymorth:CS1 errors">help</a>) (yn Wcreineg). Central Election Commission of Ukraine. 28 Tachwedd 2012 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121016140034/http://www.cvk.gov.ua/pls/vnd2012/WP406?PT001F01=900&pf7171=52">https://web.archive.org/web/20121016140034/http://www.cvk.gov.ua/pls/vnd2012/WP406?PT001F01=900&pf7171=52</a> <code class="cs1-code">|archiveurl=</code> missing title (<a href="/wiki/Cymorth:CS1_errors#bare_url_missing_title" title="Cymorth:CS1 errors">help</a>). Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cvk.gov.ua/pls/vnd2012/WP406?PT001F01=900&pf7171=52">gwreiddiol</a> ar 16 Hydref 2012. Cyrchwyd 8 Mawrth 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Central+Election+Commission+of+Ukraine&rft.date=2012-11-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cvk.gov.ua%2Fpls%2Fvnd2012%2FWP406%3FPT001F01%3D900%26pf7171%3D52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140813233711/http://en.for-ua.com/news/2012/08/30/111349.html">"CEC substitutes Tymoshenko, Lutsenko in voting papers"</a>. 30 Awst 2012. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.for-ua.com/news/2012/08/30/111349.html">gwreiddiol</a> ar 13 Awst 2014. Cyrchwyd 6 Tachwedd 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CEC+substitutes+Tymoshenko%2C+Lutsenko+in+voting+papers&rft.date=2012-08-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.for-ua.com%2Fnews%2F2012%2F08%2F30%2F111349.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EWparties-92"><a href="#cite_ref-EWparties_92-0">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uwe_Backes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uwe Backes (dim tudalen ar gael)">Backes, Uwe</a>; Moreau, Patrick (2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H23Pv4Ik3vMC&pg=PA396">Communist and Post-Communist Parties in Europe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vandenhoeck_%26_Ruprecht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (dim tudalen ar gael)">Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht</a>, p. 396, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-525-36912-8" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-525-36912-8">978-3-525-36912-8</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H23Pv4Ik3vMC&pg=PA396">https://books.google.com/books?id=H23Pv4Ik3vMC&pg=PA396</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Umland-93"><a href="#cite_ref-Umland_93-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opendemocracy.net/od-russia/andreas-umland/ukraine-right-wing-politics-is-genie-out-of-bottle">Ukraine right-wing politics: is the genie out of the bottle?</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenDemocracy.net&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenDemocracy.net (dim tudalen ar gael)">openDemocracy.net</a>, 3 Ionawr 2011, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.opendemocracy.net/od-russia/andreas-umland/ukraine-right-wing-politics-is-genie-out-of-bottle">http://www.opendemocracy.net/od-russia/andreas-umland/ukraine-right-wing-politics-is-genie-out-of-bottle</a>, adalwyd 2021-10-28 </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taras_Kuzio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taras Kuzio (dim tudalen ar gael)">Kuzio, Taras</a> (17 Hydref 2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=39981">Eight Reasons Why Ukraine's Party of Regions Will Win the 2012 Elections</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Jamestown_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Jamestown Foundation (dim tudalen ar gael)">The Jamestown Foundation</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=39981">http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=39981</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taras_Kuzio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taras Kuzio (dim tudalen ar gael)">Kuzio, Taras</a> (5 Hydref 2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taraskuzio.net/media20_files/8.pdf">UKRAINE: Yushchenko needs Tymoshenko as ally again</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_Analytica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford Analytica (dim tudalen ar gael)">Oxford Analytica</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.taraskuzio.net/media20_files/8.pdf">http://www.taraskuzio.net/media20_files/8.pdf</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100217083456/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/59340/">"Election winner lacks strong voter mandate"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyiv_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyiv Post (dim tudalen ar gael)">Kyiv Post</a>. 11 Chwefror 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euractiv.com/specialreport-eu-ukraine-relatio/ukraines-party-regions-pyrrhic-v-analysis-516103">"Ukraine's Party of Regions: A pyrrhic victory"</a>. EurActiv – EU News & policy debates, across languages.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EurActiv+%E2%80%93+EU+News+%26+policy+debates%2C+across+languages&rft.atitle=Ukraine%27s+Party+of+Regions%3A+A+pyrrhic+victory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.euractiv.com%2Fspecialreport-eu-ukraine-relatio%2Fukraines-party-regions-pyrrhic-v-analysis-516103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/ukraine-vote-ushers-in-new-constellation-of-power/a-16341696">"Ukraine vote ushers in new constellation of power"</a>. DW.DE.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DW.DE&rft.atitle=Ukraine+vote+ushers+in+new+constellation+of+power&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fukraine-vote-ushers-in-new-constellation-of-power%2Fa-16341696&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-oblasts-99"><a href="#cite_ref-oblasts_99-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071231154652/http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/pls/z7502/a002">"Regions of Ukraine and their divisions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a> of Ukraine Official Web-site (yn Wcreineg). Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gska2.rada.gov.ua:7777/pls/z7502/a002">gwreiddiol</a> ar 31 December 2007. 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Cyrchwyd 5 Gorffennaf 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Structure+export+and+import%2C+2006&rft.pub=State+Statistics+Committee+of+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukrstat.gov.ua%2Foperativ%2Foperativ2005%2Fzd%2Fzd_rik%2Fzd_u%2Fgs_u.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181210200631/http://www.nkau.gov.ua/nsau/catalogNEW.nsf/mainE/731F5A089D942FA8C2256FBF002DFA78?OpenDocument&Lang=E">"Statistics of Launches of Ukrainian LV"</a>. www.nkau.gov.ua. <a href="/w/index.php?title=State_Space_Agency_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State Space Agency of Ukraine (dim tudalen ar gael)">State Space Agency of Ukraine</a>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nkau.gov.ua/nsau/catalogNEW.nsf/mainE/731F5A089D942FA8C2256FBF002DFA78?OpenDocument&Lang=E">gwreiddiol</a> ar 2018-12-10. Cyrchwyd 24 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nkau.gov.ua&rft.atitle=Statistics+of+Launches+of+Ukrainian+LV&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nkau.gov.ua%2Fnsau%2FcatalogNEW.nsf%2FmainE%2F731F5A089D942FA8C2256FBF002DFA78%3FOpenDocument%26Lang%3DE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121232043/http://www.businessukraine.com.ua/missile-defence-nato-ukraine-s">"Missile defence, NATO: Ukraine's tough call"</a>. Business Ukraine. 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Springer Science & Business Media. t. 393. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-7908-1189-6" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-3-7908-1189-6"><bdi>978-3-7908-1189-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ukraine+at+the+Crossroads%3A+Economic+Reforms+in+International+Perspective&rft.pages=393&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-3-7908-1189-6&rft.au=Axel+Siedenberg&rft.au=Lutz+Hoffmann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpeTAGTpBHnkC%26pg%3DPA393&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mpe.kmu.gov.ua-118">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-mpe.kmu.gov.ua_118-0">118.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mpe.kmu.gov.ua_118-1">118.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224064630/http://mpe.kmu.gov.ua/minugol/control/uk/publish/article?art_id=216629&cat_id=35081">"Міністерство енергетики та вугільної промисловості України :: Інформаційна довідка про основні показники розвитку галузей паливно-енергетичного комплексу України за грудень та 2011 рік"</a>. mpe.kmu.gov.ua. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mpe.kmu.gov.ua/minugol/control/uk/publish/article?art_id=216629&cat_id=35081">gwreiddiol</a> ar 2021-02-24. Cyrchwyd 2021-10-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mpe.kmu.gov.ua&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8+%3A%3A+%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%83+%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%83+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C+%D1%82%D0%B0+2011+%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmpe.kmu.gov.ua%2Fminugol%2Fcontrol%2Fuk%2Fpublish%2Farticle%3Fart_id%3D216629%26cat_id%3D35081&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-eia-119"><a href="#cite_ref-eia_119-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140319085724/http://www.eia.gov/countries/country-data.cfm?fips=UP">"Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_Information_Administration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy Information Administration (dim tudalen ar gael)">Energy Information Administration</a> (EIA). US government. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.gov/countries/country-data.cfm?fips=UP">gwreiddiol</a> ar 19 Mawrth 2014. Cyrchwyd 22 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Energy+Information+Administration+%28EIA%29&rft.atitle=Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.gov%2Fcountries%2Fcountry-data.cfm%3Ffips%3DUP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150619093235/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/westinghouse-wins-contract-to-provide-fuel-supplies-to-ukraine-57318317.html">"Westinghouse Wins Contract to Provide Fuel Supplies to Ukraine"</a>. 30 Mawrth 2008. Westinghouse Electric. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/westinghouse-wins-contract-to-provide-fuel-supplies-to-ukraine-57318317.html">gwreiddiol</a> (press release) ar 19 Mehefin 2015. Cyrchwyd 15 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=30+Mawrth+2008&rft.atitle=Westinghouse+Wins+Contract+to+Provide+Fuel+Supplies+to+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prnewswire.com%2Fnews-releases%2Fwestinghouse-wins-contract-to-provide-fuel-supplies-to-ukraine-57318317.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140411173202/http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/News_Room/PressReleases/pr20140411.shtm">"Westinghouse and Ukraine's Energoatom Extend Long-term Nuclear Fuel Contract"</a>. 11 April 2014. Westinghouse. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westinghousenuclear.com/News_Room/PressReleases/pr20140411.shtm">gwreiddiol</a> ar 11 April 2014. Cyrchwyd 15 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=11+April+2014&rft.atitle=Westinghouse+and+Ukraine%27s+Energoatom+Extend+Long-term+Nuclear+Fuel+Contract&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.westinghousenuclear.com%2FNews_Room%2FPressReleases%2Fpr20140411.shtm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080819191518/http://www.tourismroi.com/Content_Attachments/27670/File_633513750035785076.pdf">UNWTO World Tourism Barometer, volume 6</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=UNWTO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UNWTO (dim tudalen ar gael)">UNWTO</a> (June 2008) </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-28688478">Tourism takes a nosedive in Crimea</a> bbc.co.uk, accessed 29 December 2015 </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041204115821/http://www.derzhkomrelig.gov.ua/info_zvit_2003.html">"State Department of Ukraine on Religious"</a>. 2003 Statistical report. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.derzhkomrelig.gov.ua/info_zvit_2003.html">gwreiddiol</a> ar 4 December 2004. Cyrchwyd 27 Ionawr 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2003+Statistical+report&rft.atitle=State+Department+of+Ukraine+on+Religious&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.derzhkomrelig.gov.ua%2Finfo_zvit_2003.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">↑</a> <cite id="CITEREFLysenko2014" class="citation book">Lysenko, Tatiana (2014). The Price of Freedom. Lulu Publishing Services. t. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Arbennig:BookSources/978-1483405759" title="Arbennig:BookSources/978-1483405759"><bdi>978-1483405759</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Price+of+Freedom&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Lulu+Publishing+Services&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1483405759&rft.aulast=Lysenko&rft.aufirst=Tatiana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukraine.com/culture/">"Culture in Ukraine | By Ukraine Channel"</a>. ukraine.com. Cyrchwyd 24 Mawrth 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ukraine.com&rft.atitle=Culture+in+Ukraine+%7C+By+Ukraine+Channel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukraine.com%2Fculture%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080418030322/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30078/Ukraine">"Interwar Soviet Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-30078/Ukraine">gwreiddiol</a> ar 18 April 2008. Cyrchwyd 12 Medi 2007. <q>In all, some four-fifths of the Ukrainian cultural elite was repressed or perished in the course of the 1930s</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Interwar+Soviet+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-30078%2FUkraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071218133116/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9037405">"Gorbachev, Mikhail"</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica (fee required). Archifwyd o'r <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9037405">gwreiddiol</a> ar 18 December 2007. Cyrchwyd 30 Gorffennaf 2008. <q>Under his new policy of glasnost ("openness"), a major cultural thaw took place: freedoms of expression and of information were significantly expanded; the press and broadcasting were allowed unprecedented candour in their reportage and criticism; and the country's legacy of Stalinist totalitarian rule was eventually completely repudiated by the government</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gorbachev%2C+Mikhail&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+%28fee+required%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9037405&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fcy.wikipedia.org%3AWcr%C3%A1in" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8312344"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dolenni_allanol">Dolenni allanol</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Golygu'r adran: Dolenni allanol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">golygu</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wcr%C3%A1in&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Dolenni allanol">golygu cod</a>]</div> <dl><dt>Llywodraeth</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.president.gov.ua/en/">Arlywydd</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en">Government Porth</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rada.gov.ua/en">The Llywodraeth</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140129205722/http://rada.gov.ua/en/">Archifwyd</a> 2014-01-29 yn y <a href="/wiki/Peiriant_Wayback" title="Peiriant Wayback">Peiriant Wayback</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.escher.com.ua/">Arlunwyr enwog</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080828095953/http://www.escher.com.ua/">Archifwyd</a> 2008-08-28 yn 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